An Pholaitíocht agus an tSochaí · 2017. 11. 16. · agus Zakayo ina gcónaí lena mbeirt pháistí óga i bhforéigiún Acholi in Uganda agus is feirmeoirí beaga iad. Cloítear

2018. M106T Coimisiún na Scrúduithe Stáit Scrúdú na hArdteistiméireachta Scrúdpháipéar Samplach An Pholaitíocht agus an tSochaí

Ardleibhéal Fad: 2½ uair an chloig 400 marc Scrúduimhir Stampa an Ionaid

Colorman Ireland Ltd

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Scrúdú na hArdteistiméireachta An Pholaitíocht agus an tSochaí Ardleibhéal - Scrúdpháipéar Samplach 2

Treoracha d’iarrthóirí Tá trí roinn sa scrúdpháipéar seo. Roinn A Ceisteanna Gearrfhreagra 50 marc Roinn B Ceisteanna Bunaithe ar Shonraí 150 marc Roinn C Aistí Dioscúrsacha 200 marc Freagair gach Roinn. Scríobh do chuid freagraí sna spásanna atá ann chuige sin sa leabhrán seo. Is féidir go gcaillfidh tú marcanna mura ndéanann tú sin. Ní gá duit an spás go léir a úsáid. Tá leathanaigh bhreis ar fáil má theastaíonn siad. Lipéadaigh aon obair bhreise go soiléir le huimhir na ceiste agus leis an gcuid den cheist. Scríobh do chuid freagraí le peann gorm nó le peann dubh. Ná húsáid peann luaidhe ná peann d’aon dath eile.


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Ceist 1

Freagair deich gcinn ar bith de na míreanna a leanas, (a), (b), (c) … (a) Léigh an sliocht thall ó Thomas

Hobbes agus mínigh conas atá tionchar ag an tuairim seo faoi staid an duine ar a thuairim faoi ról an rialtais agus faoi rialacha.

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___________________________________________________________________________ (b) Maidir leis an oideachas, is féidir leis an Stát in Éirinn comhionannas rochtana a chur ar fáil

ach ní féidir leis comhionannas torthaí a chur ar fáil. An aontaíonn tú leis an ráiteas sin? Tabhair dhá chúis le do fhreagra.

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___________________________________________________________________________ (c) Déan cur síos ar a bhfuil i gceist le patrarcacht agus ainmnigh trí cinn de struchtúir shóisialta

a bhuanaíonn an phatrarcacht.

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Roinn 1 Ceisteanna Gearrfhreagra 50 marc SCRÍOBH FREAGRAÍ CHEIST 1 SNA SPÁSANNA ATÁ ANN DÓIBH

I riocht an nádúir tá an saol aonarach, bocht, gránna, brúidiúil agus gearr.

- Thomas Hobbes


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(d) (i) Cén rud é an Coinbhinsiún Eorpach um Chearta an Duine?

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(ii) Cad iad na hoibleagáidí a bhíonn ar stáit nuair a chuireann siad a n-ainmneacha

leis an gCoinbhinsiún sin?

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___________________________________________________________________________ (e) (i) Déan achoimre ar na céimeanna a ghlacfadh duine chun cúiteamh a lorg dá ndéanfaí

a gcearta faoin gCoinbhinsiún Eorpach um Chearta an Duine a shárú.

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(ii) Ainmnigh cás ar éirigh leis, chomh maith leis an gceist lenar bhain sé, nuair tugadh tríd na céimeanna sin é.

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___________________________________________________________________________ (f) ‘Pobal samhalta’ is ea an tAontas Eorpach. An aontaíonn tú leis an ráiteas sin nó

an easaontaíonn tú leis? Cosain do fhreagra.

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(g) Ainmnigh láidreacht amháin agus laige amháin a bhaineann leis na meáin shóisialta sa pholaitíocht, mar atá

léirithe sa chartún seo. Láidreacht: ______________________

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___________________________________________________________________________ (h) In 2017, ba iad an tSín, na Stáit Aontaithe agus an tAontas Eorpach ba mhó a d’astaigh gáis

cheaptha teasa. Sceith na deich n-astaíre ba mhó 72 faoin gcéad de na hastaíochtaí domhanda. Tabhair dhá chúis a sceitheann líon beag tíortha céatadán chomh mór sin de na hastaíochtaí domhanda.

Cúis 1: _____________________________________________________________________

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(i) Ainmnigh dhá cheart flaithis a ghéill Éire chun go mbeadh ballraíocht aici i gcomhlacht fornáisiúnta. Ainmnigh an comhlacht fornáisiúnta i do fhreagra.

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DEERING

IS TEIP AR EASPA CUMARSÁIDE ATÁ

ANSEO AGAINN

Arkansas Democrat Gazette ©2017

TVUÍT

TVUÍT

TVUÍT

TVUÍT

TVUÍT TVUÍT


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(j) Mínigh conas a cheistíonn an íomhá seo an tuiscint atá againn ar an gcarthanacht.

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Foinse: https://bsllibrary.org.au/housing/homelessness/history-can-challenge-narrative-blame-homelessness-conversation-93196/

(k) Ainmnigh ceann amháin de na hairteagail as Coinbhinsiún na Náisiún Aontaithe um Chearta

an Linbh nach gcloíonn Éire go hiomlán leis. Tabhair dhá bhealach nach gcloíonn Éire go hiomlán leis an airteagal sin.

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___________________________________________________________________________ (l) Tá cearta dearfacha míchothrom mar go gcuireann siad iallach ar roinnt daoine íoc as cearta

daoine eile a chur i bhfeidhm. Ainmnigh teoiricí polaitiúil a mbeadh an tuairim sin aige nó aici. Cén fáth a bhfuil an tuairim sin ag an teoiricí sin?

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Keep your coinsKeepKeepKeepKeepKeepKeKeKeKeepKeepKeeKeKeeepepppKeeKeKeepKKeeKKKKeKeeKeeeeepeepppppKKeeepeeeeepeepepppppKeeKeeeeepeppppppK eppppppK eppKeeK epepK pKKKKKKK pppppppp yoyyouyououooouryyyouyyoouoouuuuurrrryyyououoououuurrrrryyyyyyoouyouurryyouyo ryyouyouyououururryouyouyourrooyourruryoyouo rryoyyouuuryyyyyyyyyyyy ccoicoinicoinccoinoiiicccoinccocoinoinoinccoincoocoincccoincoincoincoinoincoinoinoinoinccoinccccoic sssssssssssssssssss

Coinnigh na boinn

IS MIAN LIOM SÓINSEÁIL


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Doiciméad A I mí an Mhárta, 2017 d’fhoilsigh Oxfam International tuarascáil dar teideal ‘Geilleagar a oibríonn do mhná.’ Tá an tuarascáil bunaithe ar fhianaise ó thaighde chomh maith leis an taithí atá ag Oxfam ó bheith ag obair go díreach le daoine i dtíortha tearcfhorbartha. Is cás-staidéar as an tuarascáil é seo thíos:

De bharr gnásanna sóisialta agus obair chúraim in Uganda, ní bhíonn cothromaíocht idir na freagrachtaí a bhíonn ar fhir agus ar mhná i dtaca le hobair chúraim nach bhfuil íocaíocht ag gabháil léi. Tá Florence agus Zakayo ina gcónaí lena mbeirt pháistí óga i bhforéigiún Acholi in Uganda agus is feirmeoirí beaga iad. Cloítear go láidir leis na róil seanbhunaithe inscne sa phobal agus go hiondúil is iad na mná a bhíonn freagrach as obair an tí agus as an obair taobh istigh, agus bíonn údarás iomlán ag na fir. Ba ghnáthbhean chéile i bhforéigiún Acholi í Florence. Bhíodh sí ina suí níos luaithe ná an chuid eile den teaghlach ar maidin chun uisce agus adhmad tine a fháil, na páistí a ní, an bricfeasta a ullmhú agus a thabhairt dóibh féin agus dá fear céile, sula rachadh sí ag obair chun bia a fhás don teaghlach. Ag am lóin, d’fhilleadh sí abhaile chun an lón a ullmhú agus ansin théadh sí ar ais chuig an ngort go dtí deireadh an lae. Ansin d’fhilleadh sí abhaile chun an suipéar a ullmhú sula dtiocfadh Zakayo ar ais ón mbeár. Deir sí: ‘‘Nuair a phósamar bhí mé i mo chónaí i dteach an teaghlaigh shínte a bhí ag m’fhear céile. D’fhágamar nuair a bhí an dara páiste agam. Teaghlach mór ina raibh tuairim is fiche duine a bhí ann. Bhí mise ar dhuine den bheagán díobh a bhí ag déanamh obair an tí chomh maith le hobair na feirme. D’fhágainn an gort chun an lón a ullmhú agus ansin théinn ar ais chuig an ngort go dtí a sé a chlog tráthnóna. Ba í an bhean a bhí pósta ar dheartháir mo chéile agus mé féin a bhíodh ag déanamh formhór na hoibre. Bhíodh mórán oibre le déanamh againn, gan ann ach an bheirt againn, le bia a chur ar fáil don teaghlach go léir. Ní raibh a leithéid de rud ann agus roinnt na hoibre.’ I gcás Florence, chiallaigh na huaireanta fada a chaitheadh sí ag déanamh obair tí agus obair feirme gur beag am a bhí aici le caitheamh ar ghníomhaíochtaí a mbeadh airgead le saothrú orthu. Is cuimhin le Zakayo go n-imríodh sé foréigean ar Florence aon uair a gheobhadh sé amach nach raibh an rud a raibh sé ag súil leis déanta aici: ‘Bhuailinn mo bhean chéile. Bhíonn ag súil go nífeadh sí mo chuid éadaí, mar shampla, agus mura mbíodh sé sin déanta aici bhuailinn í.’ Oibríonn an tionscnamh WE-Care atá ag Oxfam sa phobal chun oiliúint a dhéanamh agus chun cur leis an tuiscint ar an bhfreagracht throm mhíchothrom atá ar mhná maidir le hobair chúraim. D’fhreastail Zakayo ar an oiliúint, agus deir sé gur athraigh sin a dhearcadh ar obair thí agus ar ról a mhná céile: ‘Mar fhear, bhínn den tuairim nach ormsa a bhí an fhreagracht an cineál sin oibre a dhéanamh. Meon a bhí ann a tháinig ó nádúr patrarcach na sochaí a bhí againn in Acholi agus a thug údarás iomlán do na fir ar a mná céile. Ar ndóigh, tá a fhios agam anois go raibh sé mícheart ualach oibre chomh trom sin a leagan ar mo bhean chéile, ualach nach ligfeadh di aon rud eile a dhéanamh a rachadh chun tairbhe dúinn ar fad.’ Mar thoradh air sin, cuidíonn Zakayo anois le hobair na feirme chun an teaghlach a chothú agus le hobair an tí. Tá cáineadh déanta ag a gcomhpháirtithe ar an lánúin mar go bhfuil siad ag dul in aghaidh na ról seanbhunaithe inscne, agus ina theannta sin admhaíonn Florence go raibh uirthi a tuairimí féin a athrú: ‘‘Roimh an oiliúint, aon uair a chonaic mé Zakayo ag ní a chuid éadaí féin, mhothínn maslaithe, ag ceapadh go raibh mo ról féin á ghlacadh aige.’ Mar sin féin, ainneoin na ndúshlán sin bhí mórán buntáistí ann don teaghlach. Agus de bhrí go gcuidíonn Zakayo anois leis an obair feirme chun an teaghlach a chothú agus le hobair an tí, tá níos mó ama acu i gcomhair gníomhaíochtaí a chuireann le hioncam an teaghlaigh.

Foinse: https://www.oxfam.org/sites/www.oxfam.org/files/file_attachments/bp-an-economy-that-works-for-women-020317-en.pdf

Roinn 2 Ceisteanna Bunaithe ar Shonraí 150 marc Freagair gach ceist sa roinn seo.

SCRÍOBH NA FREAGRAÍ SNA SPÁSANNA ATÁ ANN DÓIBH


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Doiciméad B D’fhoilsigh Rannóg Staidrimh na Náisiún Aontaithe grafaic faisnéise mar chuid dá tuarascáil: Mná an Domhain, 2015. Déantar comparáid inti idir obair na mban i dtíortha forbartha agus i dtíortha atá i mbéal forbartha.

OBAIR


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Ceist 2 (150 marc)

(a) Bunaithe ar na sonraí a chuirtear ar fáil sa dá dhoiciméad, cad iad na tátail a bhainfeá as a bhfuil bainte amach maidir le comhionannas na mban i dtíortha forbartha agus i dtíortha i mbéal forbartha?

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(b) Conas a léiríonn Doiciméad A an nasc idir meonta patrarcacha agus easpa oideachais?

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(c) Déan na láidreachtaí agus na laigí a bhaineann le cás-staidéir mar mhodh taighde a mheas

agus tagairt faoi leith agat do Dhoiciméad A.

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(d) Déan cur síos ar dhá bhuntáiste agus ar mhíbhuntáiste amháin a bhaineann le sonraí staidrimh a fhoilsiú mar ghrafaic faisnéise. Cé chomh maith agus a léiríonn Doiciméad B na buntáistí / an míbhuntáiste sin?

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(e) Agus leas á bhaint agat as an bhfianaise i nDoiciméad A agus i nDoiciméad B, déan cur síos

ar an tionchar a bhíonn ag ról na mban mar chúramóirí (i) ar mhná nó (ii) ar an tsochaí. ___________________________________________________________________________

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(f) Agus leas á bhaint agat as an bhfianaise i nDoiciméad A agus i nDoiciméad B, agus as an

bhfoghlaim níos leithne a rinne tú san ábhar an Pholaitíocht agus an tSochaí, pléigh an ráiteas seo a leanas:

Is é an tOideachas atá mar bhonn leis an dul chun cinn, i ngach sochaí, i ngach teaghlach.

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Ceist 3 Tá sé de cheart ag páistí agus ag daoine óga a dtuairimí a léiriú agus éisteacht a fháil i dtaca le nithe a théann i bhfeidhm orthu (Airteagal 12 de Choinbhinsiún na Náisiún Aontaithe um Chearta an Linbh). An bhfuil an ceart sin ag daoine óga in Éirinn? Pléigh é sin. [Ba cheart go mbeadh samplaí agus fianaise reatha san áireamh i do fhreagra agus ba cheart go ndéanfaí tagairt ann do chomhlacht stáit amháin nó níos mó a thacaíonn leis an gceart sin.]

NÓ

Bheadh Marxaigh ag áitiú gur féidir leis na daoine is mó a bhfuil cumhacht agus tionchar acu

rialacha a dhéanamh a oireann dá leas féin agus ní do leas gach duine sa phobal.

Pléigh an ráiteas sin.

[Ba cheart go mbeadh samplaí agus fianaise comhaimseartha ó chomhthéacs áitiúil nó domhanda san áireamh i do fhreagra chun tacú lena bhfuil á áitiú agat. Ba cheart duit freisin tagairt a dhéanamh do theoiricí amháin eile ar a laghad a ainmníonn tú agus a bhfuil staidéar déanta agat air nó uirthi.]

Ceist 4 Éilíonn forbairt atá ag teacht leis an dúlra go dtabharfaí cúl le tionscail mhóra agus leis an uirbiú agus go mbogfaí i dtreo pobail bheaga féintuilleamaíocha a úsáideann acmhainní in-athnuaite. Luaigh cé acu a aontaíonn tú nó a easaontaíonn tú leis an ráiteas sin. Cosain an seasamh atá tógtha agat. [Ba cheart go mbeadh samplaí agus fianaise reatha ó chomhthéacs áitiúil nó domhanda san áireamh i do fhreagra chun tacú lena bhfuil á áitiú agat. Ba cheart duit freisin tagairt do thuairimí beirt teoiricithe nó níos mó a ainmníonn tú agus a bhfuil staidéar déanta agat orthu.]

Roinn 3 Aistí Dioscúrsacha 200 marc Freagair dhá cheist ar bith as na ceisteanna 3, 4, 5 agus 6.

SCRÍOBH NA FREAGRAÍ SNA SPÁSANNA ATÁ ANN DÓIBH


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Ceist 5 Vóta na Breataine chun an tAontas Eorpach a fhágáil (Breatimeacht), is fianaise é ar an méadú ar imní daoine faoin bhféiniúlacht náisiúnta agus faoin bhflaitheas sa saol domhandaithe.

Déan an tuairim sin a mheas, agus leas á bhaint agat as teoiricithe agus as fianaise ábhartha chun tacú le do fhreagra.

NÓ

Scrúdaigh ráiteas Huntington thíos trí thagairt d’imeachtaí domhanda a tharla le déanaí agus do na teoiricí atá ag duine amháin eile ar a laghad atá rannpháirteach sa díospóireacht seo:

Is é mo hipitéis féin nach iad cúrsaí idé-eolaíochta ná eacnamaíochta a bheidh mar phríomhchúiseanna leis an gcoimhlint sa domhan nua seo. Is é an cultúr a bheidh mar phríomhchúis easaontais agus coimhlinte i measc an chine dhaonna. Beidh na náisiúnstáit fós ar na gníomhairí is cumhachtaí i ngnóthaí domhanda, ach is idir náisiúin agus grúpaí sibhialtachtaí éagsúla a tharlóidh na coimhlintí is mó sa pholaitíocht dhomhanda. Beidh tús áite ag an imreas idir shibhialtachtaí sa pholaitíocht ar fud an domhain.’

Source: Huntington, S.P., The Clash of Civilizations? Foreign Affairs, Imleabhar. 72, Uimh. 3 (1993) Ceist 6 Déan an ráiteas seo a leanas a mheas go criticiúil – Is coincheap de chuid an iarthair iad cearta daonna. [Ba cheart go mbeadh samplaí agus fianaise reatha ó chomhthéacs áitiúil nó domhanda san áireamh i do fhreagra chun tacú lena bhfuil á áitiú agat. Ba cheart duit tagairt freisin do thuairimí teoiricí amháin ar a laghad a ainmníonn tú agus a bhfuil staidéar déanta agat air nó uirthi.]


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Roinn C – Freagra ar Cheist ___

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Spás chun do fhreagra a ullmhú más rogha leat é.


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Freagra

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Roinn C – Freagra ar Cheist ____

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Spás chun do fhreagra a ullmhú más rogha leat é.


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Freagra

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Leathanach breise más rogha leat é a úsáid. Cuir uimhir na ceiste agus an pháirt den cheist in iúl go soiléir.

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Leathanach breise más rogha leat é a úsáid. Cuir uimhir na ceiste agus an pháirt den cheist in iúl go soiléir.

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Admhálacha Íomhánna An íomhá ar lch 3: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Thomas_Hobbes (portrait).jpg An íomhá ar lch 5: http://www.arkansasonline.com/photos/galleries/2017/jul/01/editorial-cartoons-july-2017/54323/ John Deering, Copyright 2017, Cagle Cartoons (27/7/2017) Fógra cóipchirt D’fhéadfadh sé go bhfuil téacs nó íomhánna ar an scrúdpháipéar seo nach bhfuil cóipcheart ag Coimisiún na Scrúduithe Stáit orthu. Ullmhaíodh an páipéar de réir Alt 53(5) den Acht um Chóipcheart agus Cearta Gaolmhara, 2000. Ní údaraítear aon úsáid a bhaint as seachas an úsáid lenar ceapadh é. Ní ghlacann an Coimisiún aon fhreagracht as aon sárú ar chearta tríú páirtí a leanann as dáileadh nó úsáid neamhúdaraithe an scrúdpháipéir shamplaigh seo. An Ardteistiméireacht – Ardleibhéal – Scrúdpháipéar Samplach An Pholaitíocht agus an tSochaí Fad: 2½ uair an chloig


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An Pholaitíocht agus an tSochaí · 2017. 11. 16. · agus Zakayo ina gcónaí lena mbeirt pháistí óga i bhforéigiún Acholi in Uganda agus is feirmeoirí beaga iad. Cloítear