: , - 19/12 . .

, 2012. .

1 ................................................................................................................................... 3

1.1 ? ........................................................................................ 3

1.2 ? ................................................................ 3

2 .......................................................................................................... 4

3 ....................................................................................................... 5

3.1 Linux Kernel............................................................................................................... 6

3.2 Hardware abstraction layer ......................................................................................... 6

3.3 Libraries...................................................................................................................... 6

3.4 Android Runtime ........................................................................................................ 6

3.5 Application Framework .............................................................................................. 6

4 ......................................................................... 7

4.1 1.5 Cupcake ............................................................................................. 7

4.2 1.6 Donut ................................................................................................. 7

4.3 2.0 Eclair ................................................................................................. 7

4.4 2.2 Froyo ................................................................................................. 8

4.5 2.3 Gingerbread ....................................................................................... 8

4.6 3 Honeycomb .......................................................................................... 8

4.7 4 Ice Cream Sandwich ............................................................................ 9

4.8 4.1 Jelly Bean .......................................................................................... 9

5 .................................................................................................. 10

5.1 Vanilla ...................................................................................................................... 10

5.2 Sense ......................................................................................................................... 11

5.3 Sony Ericsson UI ...................................................................................................... 11

5.4 Touch Wiz ................................................................................................................ 11

6 Google Play Store ............................................................................................................ 12

7 ........................................................................................................ 13

7.1 ? ...................................................................................... 13

7.2 ...................................................................................................................... 13

8 ......................................................................................................................... 14

9 ...................................................................................................................... 15

-19-12

3

1

1.1 ?

Google,

.

. .

Linux () Open Handset Alliance (OHA). 86

,

. , , netbook

, , .

1.2 ?

, iOS,

iPhone, BlackBerry OS, Winodws Phone OS

Apple, Research in Motion, Microsoft. open source

,

.

1.1. -

-19-12

4

2

Andy Rubin je Android Inc. 2003. . . Rich Miner-

, Nick Sears- Chris White-, . ,

, ,

. Google

2005. . Google, Google-

.

2007. Open Handset Alliance, ,

.

2008,

, ARM. Google.

1.0 2008. ,

HTC Dream. 1.1 ,

- 1.5 (Cupcake).

2.1.

-19-12

5

3

Linux kernel- () 2.6 Linux kernel 3.x, middleware-,

libraries () API ( )

C/C++. ` , middleware-a

. C/C++

Java Android Software Development

Kit (SDK). ,

,

SDK. ( 3.1.)

.

3.1.

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6

3.1 Linux Kernel

Linux Kernel , ,

Bluetooth-, , USB, , WiFI,

.

3.2 Hardware abstraction layer

.

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3.3 Libraries

C/C++ :

Surface Manager

Open GL | ES 3D

SGL 2D

Media Framework OpenCORE

/

Free Type

SSL (Secure Socket Layer)

SQLite

WebKit

Libc C

Linux

3.4 Android Runtime

Android Runtime .

. . Core Libraries

Java. DalvikVirtual Machine

. ,

.dex ( Dalvik)

.

3.5 Application Framework

. API-

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-19-12

7

4.2. CC

4.2. Donut

4.2. Eclair

4

2008. .

, .

( 1.).

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1.6 Donut 0.3%

2.1 Eclair 3.1%

2.2 Froyo 12%

2.3 2.3.7 Gingerbread 53.9%

3.1 3.2 Honeycomb 0.4% - 1.4%

4.0.3 4.0.4 Ice Cream Sandwich 25.8%

4.1 4.2 Jelly Bean 2.7%

4.1 -

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30. 2009. .

.

. .

MPEG-4 3GP.

Bluetooth-.

/. upload- Youtube.

4.2 1.6 Donut

15. 2009. .

, .

,

. Google Play Store

( ).

.

4.3 2.0 Eclair

26. 2009. .

. Bluetooth 2.1.

, .

, .

HTML5. . .

live wallpapers, .

(2.0.1 2.1).

-19-12

8

4.6. GB

4.5. Froyo

4.7. HC

4.4 2.2 Froyo

20. 2010. .

, ,

. Chrome- V8

JavaScript . push

C2DM (Android Cloud to Device Messaging),

.

USB , WiFi hotspot-.

.

SD . Adobe Flash. Froyo

2.2.2 2.2.3.

4.5 2.3 Gingerbread

6. 2010. .

. (1280x768)

. . .

NFC(Near Field Communication). .

, .

Gingerbread-

. .

Gingerbread- 2.3.7.

4.6 3 Honeycomb

3.x Honeycomb

( ). 22. 2011. .

.

, .

multitasking. .

, .

.

, - (, , ),

. 3.2.2.

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9

4.9. JB

4.8. ICS

4.7 4 Ice Cream Sandwich

Ice Cream Sandwich (-),

. 4.0.1

19. 2011. .

, .

, .

. screenshot, lock screen-.

.

.

. ,

1080p .

. NFC Andorid Beam, Bluetooth,

. . ,

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4.8 4.1 Jelly Bean

Jelly Bean ( ) 2012. .

, , Project Butter-,

.

, , Google Now,

iPhone-, , ,

,

. (

Google Maps). 4.2

. , 4.2.

4.10

-19-12

10

5

.

.

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Google- , - ,

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Vanilla , , .

5.1 Vanilla

Vanilla ( 5.1.) Google

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-19-12

11

5.2 Sense

Sense ( 6.)

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UI .

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.

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5.2. Sense

5.3 Sony Ericsson UI

Sony Ericsson UI ( 7.)

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Samsung- TouchWiz ( 8.)

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iOS-a.

Vanilla ,

,

.

Sense . TouchWiz je

,

. 5.4. Touch Wiz

-19-12

12

6 Google Play Store

Google-

,

Google-

.

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. ,

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.

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-19-12

13

7

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,

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,

brick- , . .

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-19-12

14

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-19-12

15

9

[1] ( - 2012)

[2] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_(operating_system)

( 2012.)

[3] http://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%

B8%D0%B4_(%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8

%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0

%BC) (

2012.)

[4] http://developer.android.com/about/dashboards/index.html -

( 2012.)

[5] 2012. .