Antenna Arrys

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Copyright (c) FOS COMMUNICATION SYSTEM,University of Tabuk, Saudi Arabia 1


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Topic.

ANTENNA AREEYS

Presented By:

Motlak Al-Enazi

301000116

Supervised By:

Dr. Osamah

December 2013

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3Copyright (c) FOS COMMUNICATION SYSTEM, University of Tabuk, Saudi Arabia

ABSTRACT

THETECHNOLOGY

THEPROBLEM

THESOLUTION

ANTENNAARRAY

MANYAPPLICATIONSREQUIRERADIATION

CHARACTERISTICSTHATMAYNOTBEACHIEVABLEBYASINGLEELEMENT.BEPOSSIBLETHATANAGGREGATEOF

RADIATINGELEMENTSINANELECTRICAL

ANDGEOMETRICALARRANGEMENT(ANARRAY)WILLRESULTINTHEDESIRED

RADIATIONCHARACTERISTICS


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INTRODUCTION

An antenna array is a group ofradiators whose currents are ofdifferent amplitudes and phases.

They use electromagnetic waveinterference phenomena to enhancethe radiative signal in the desireddirection

Antenna arrays are the solution tothe problem defined as the limitationsof operating a single antenna


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INTRODUCTION

The antenna array can be used to:

1.increase the overall gain2.provide diversity reception

3.cancel out interference from aparticular set of directions4."steer" the array so that it is most

sensitive in a particular direction5.determine the direction of arrival of

the incoming signals6.to maximize the Signal to

Interference Plus Noise Ratio (SINR)


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HISTORICALOVERVIEW

The concept of an antenna array was firstintroduced in military applications in the1940s

The first articles on improving arrayperformance via geometry optimizationdates back to the early 1960s

studied linear arrays in 1960 and notedthat performance improvement could beobtained by holding the weights constant

and varying the element positions

In 1961, Harrington [4] considered smallelement perturbations in an attempt tosynthesize a desired array pattern


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PROJECTOBJECTIVES

To know the General Introduction for arrayantenna

To know the application for antenna array

To know the Radiation pattern for antenna array


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THEORETICAL

Copyright (c) Heart rate , University of Tabuk, Saudi Arabia

-Number of elements, N- Spacing between elements, d- Current amplitude, an- progressive phase,

elements are positioned, each at locationgiven by:


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THEORETICAL


The output of an antenna array can be written succinctly as:


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ADVANTAGESOFARRAYANTENNASRATE


Increase in the overall gainProvides diversity receptionCancels out interference from a particular set ofdirectionsSteer the array such that it is more sensitive in aparticular direction

Used to determine the direction of arrival ofincoming signalTo maximize the signal to interference noise ratio(SINR)Provide high array gain by using simple antenna

elementsProvide a diversity gain in multipath signalreceptionEnabling of array signal processingProvide capability of steerable beam as in smart

antennas


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TYPES

OF

ARRAY

ANTENNA


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ACTIVEANDPASSIVEARRAY

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LINEARARRAY

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PLANARARRAY

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CYLINDRICALARRAY

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CONICALARRAY

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MULTIBEAMARRAY

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MULTI-FACEDARRAY

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RADIATIONPATTERNNormalized separations are /4, /2, and . Since phase difference is zero (

= 0) and the element patterns are uniform (isotropic radiators), the totalradiation pattern F() = Fa().


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Field patterns of afour-element (N= 4)phased-array with thephysical separation ofthe isotropic

elementsd= /2 and variousphase shift.

4

4

3

4

2

4

4

0

4

2

4

3

4

4

4

The antennaradiation pattern

can be changedconsiderably bychanging the phaseof the excitation.

RADIATIONPATTERN


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APPLICATIONS

Mobile Communications


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APPLICATIONS

satellite Communications


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APPLICATIONS

Radars


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APPLICATIONS

TV antenna


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CONCLUSIONS

At the end, we came out with a number of benefits, includingtaking a general idea of the kind of antennas and the waythey work and the types of this antenna

We send out a number of difficulties, including a lack of timeand is not available a lot of information clearly



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Thank you

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Antenna Arrys