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Insemination 人工授精. Artificial Insemination in Denmark 丹麦人工授精. Tenna Hollbaum Højrup Henriksen Technical service manager 技术服务经理. What happens inside the sow? 母猪体内发生了什么 ? What should be done? 应该做什么 ? What can go wrong? 怎么做是不对的呢？ ------. Agenda for the presentation 议程. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Artificial Insemination in Denmark丹麦人工授精
What happens inside the sow?
母猪体内发生了什么 ?
What should be done?
应该做什么 ?
What can go wrong?
怎么做是不对的呢？------
Tenna Hollbaum Højrup HenriksenTechnical service manager 技术服务经理
Insemination人工授精
Agenda for the presentation 议程 Development of AI 人工授精的发展 How to introduce the gilts for heat 如何训练后备母猪发情 Stimulation before mating 配种前进行的刺激 Artificial Insemination 人工授精 Back flow 精液回流 The immune system 免疫系统 The importance of calm after insemination 授精后保持平静的重要
性 The boar 公猪 Collecting the semen 精液的采集 The advantage of using AI instead of the boar 和本交相比，人工授
精的优势
Development of AI 人工授精的发展
How to introduce the gilts for heat 如何训练后备母猪发情 First stimulation – 25-26 weeks old
第一次刺激 – 25-26 周龄 Comes into heat 5-10 days later
5-10 天后 , 出现发情 Register the first heat
登记第一次发情 Mating in 2. heat 18-21 days later
在 18-21 天后，第二次发情时配种 Mating in 2. heat 1 piglet more per litter
在第二次发情时配种 每胎可多产一头仔猪
Which stimulation to use 如何进行刺激
Days to first heat
至初次发情天数
In the boar pen 在公猪圈舍
In the gilt pen 在后备母猪圈舍
Through inventory 通过栏杆接触
Stimulation before mating 配种前刺激
The significance of the hormones 激素的重要性
Estrogen 雌激素
FSH – Follicle Stimulation Hormone 促卵泡激素
Prostaglandin 前列腺素 Progesterone 孕酮LH – Luteinizing Hormone 促黄体生成素
The last two hormones: Oxytocin and relaxin 最后 2 种激素：催产素和耻骨松弛激素
Stimulation 刺激
The 5-point plan 5 个要点
3
1 2
45
The importance of stimulation and the result of it 刺激的重要性和结果Group 组别 Stimulation 刺激
Control (low stimuli) 对照组（低刺激）
Stimulation to standing heat and during insemination.刺激到出现静立反射，同时在人工授精时进行刺激。The sow was stimulated by placing a hand on her back and pushed into standing heat通过用手在背上压进行刺激，然后出现静立反射。
Trial (increased stimuli)实验组（增加刺激）
Stimulation to standing heat:刺激到出现静立反射：The 5-point plan.5 个要点。Stimulation during insemination:在人工授精时，进行刺激：The inseminator was sitting on the back of the sow while the sow was being stimulated on her shoulder parts and the free hand were grabbing and lifting the groin crease.授精员坐在母猪背上，同时通过按压母猪肩膀部分和用手提拉母猪腹股沟部进行刺激。
Group 组别 Numbers of sows 母猪数 Farrowing rate 分娩率Control 对照组 1054 83,4
Trial 实验组 980 89,3
Insemination 授精
Insemination procedure 授精过程
Semen dose精液
Insemination catheter输精管
Vagina 阴道
Cervix 子宫颈
Urine bladder 膀胱
Insemination in practice 授精的实际操作
Risk factors at insemination 授精存在的风险 Lack of pregnancy 妊娠率低 Small litter sizes 窝产仔数少 Infection in the uterus 子宫感染 Backflow 精液回流 Immune system 免疫系统
Back flow 精液回流
Calculation: 5/70x3billion=241.285.714 sperm cells计算：5/70x300,000,000=241,000,000 精子
The immune system 免疫系统
HEAT 发情
FERTILIZATION 受孕
NORMAL IMMUNE SYSTEM 正常的免疫系统
The importance of calm after insemination 授精后，保持平静的重要性
Group 组别Control (no calm)对照组（没有保持平静）
Trial (a least two hours of calm)实验组（至少 2 小时的平静）
Young sows (2. and 3. parity)胎次小的母猪（ 2 胎， 3 胎） 82,7 88,2
Older sows (4. parity and above)胎次高的母猪（ 4 胎及以上）
84,2 83,9
-Moving of sows: 2 hours or 4 weeks after mating 母猪的转移：配种 2 小时后或配种 4 周后-Cortisol inhibits oxytocin皮质醇抑制催产素
The boar 公猪 Matures at the age 6-7 months 公猪 6-7 月龄时，成熟 Semen production 80-600 ml 精液 80-600 毫升 The fragile semen 精液比较脆弱
Temperatur 温度 Impact on the semen 对精液的影响
Below 15 15℃ 度以下 Irreversible damage 无可挽回的损失
16-18 ℃Low energy consumption低的能量消耗
35℃High energy consumption高的能量消耗
35-38℃The motility is negatively affected对活力产生负面影响
Above 38 38℃ 度以上 Irreversible damage无可挽回的损失
Collecting the semen 精液的采集
The equipment 设备 The collection 采集
The laboratory 实验室
Temperature around 20 °C 温度约 20 °C Evaluation of the semen 精液的评估 Dilution of the semen 精液的稀释 Longevity of the semen 精液的使用时间
250 (volume) x 310.000.000 (concentration) x 0,80 (motility) / 2.5 billion per doses 250 （精液量， ml ） x 3.1 亿 （精液密度 , 个 /ml ） x 0,80 （精子活力） / 25 亿 ( 每瓶精液制剂中的精子个数 )
=24 semen doses for our sows可以稀释成 24 瓶成品精液
The advantage of using AI instead of the boar和本交相比，人工授精的优势 Less boars on the farms
农场饲养的公猪少 One boar can father more piglets
一头公猪可以配很多母猪 You can test the semen quality before mating
在配种前可以检测精液的质量 Allows mating of animals of different sizes
可以对不同体型大小的母猪进行配种 Reduces the risk of introducing diseases
减少本交引起的疾病的风险
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