30

Bi 2.

MY O A DNG VOM, DMM

M bi: M 12 02

Mc tiu:

Kin thc: Trnh by c s khi v cc thng s k thut ca my o a dng VOM/DMM.

K nng: Phn tch c cc mch o trong VOM. S dng thnh tho VOM, DMM trong cng vic o c v sa cha cc thit b in t dn dng.

Thi : Cn thn, an ton, bo qun tt my o. Ni dungchnh:

1. Cc thng s k thut ca my o vom Mc tiu: M t v c c cc thng s k thut c bn ca mt my o VOM

1.1. Khi nim chung.

My o a dng VOM (Volt Ohm Milliammeter) l thit b o a nng, cho php thc hin cc php o chnh sau:

o in p xoay chiu AC

o in p mt chiu DC

o dng in mt chiu DC

o in tr.

Ty thuc loi my o ca cc hng sn xut m hnh dng, kch thc, b tr cc phm iu khin chc nng s khc nhau. Mt s my o VOM cn c thm cc chc nng:

Kim tra lin mch vi tn hiu m thanh hoc Led nhp nhy.

o h s khuch i dng ca transistor hfe.

o dng r Iceo ca transistor.

o decibel bng thang o in p xoay chiu.

Cc thng s k thut c bn ca my o a dng VOM thng bao gm: Cc chc nng o, cc thang o v gii hn cc thang o. nhy v cp chnh xc ca ng h.

minh ha, ta chn my o SUNWA YX-960TR. M t b tr mt my nh hnh 2.1.

Hnh 2. 1. Hnh dng v b tr mt my SUNWA YX-960R

M t cc k hiu v chc nng ca ng h SUNWA:

(1) Kim ch th ca c cu o h t in(2) Cc thang : T trn xung tng ng:

: Thang o in tr, V.A

: Thang o p, o dng, AC 10V: Thang o xoay chiu 10V LI

: Thang o dng qua in tr bng php o ; o dng r Iceo ca transistor. LV

: Thang o p hai u in tr bng php o ; o li dng hfe ca transistor. dB

: Thang o dB BATT : Thang kim tra pin. C 3 min tng ng:

BAD - ? - GOOD(3) Nm chnh zero: chnh kim v tr s 0 khi khng ti.(4) Cc m (-) ng h. Gn dy o chung mu en(5) Cc dng (+) ng h. d phn bit, quy c li vo (+) gn dy mu , li vo (-) gn dy mu en.(6) Chn chc nng o v thang o: Chuyn mch chn chc nng o v t thang o khi s dng. (7) Thang o p xoay chiu AC. Khi o p xoay chiu quay chuyn mch (6) v v tr ny.(8) Thang o p mt chiu DC. Khi o p mt chiu quay chuyn mch (6)v v tr ny.(9) Thang o dng 1 chiu. Khi o dng mt chiu quay chuyn mch (6) v v tr ny.(10) Thang o in tr. Khi o in tr quay chuyn mch (6) v v tr ny.(11) Tn hiu th lin mch. Khi kp que o vo 2 im cn kim tra, nu thng nhau tn hiu c pht ra, ngc li th khng c tn hiu.(12) Chnh zero thang o in tr. Khi o in tr chp 2 que o v chnh zero ca thang trc mi ln o.(13) Th pin. Kim tra pin trong ng h xem cn tt (GOOD) hay xu (BAD).(14) Thang o dng 2,5A. Li vo ring dnh cho thang o dng ln 2,5A.(15) Li ra AF. Dng cho thang o dB.(16) hfe: Jack cm kim tra transistor v o h s hfe Ch . Vi cc my o VOM khc th cng c nhng chc nng tng t.

Cc thng s k thut chi tit ca my o SUNWA YX-960TR ch ra trong bng 1.1.

Bng 1. 1. Cc thng s k thut ca my o SUNWA YX-960R

Php oDi o chnh xcGhi ch

p DC0-0.1V-0.5V-2.5V-10V-50V-250V-1000V3% FSTr khng vo 20k/V

p AC0-10V-50V-250V-1000V4.5% FSTr khng vo 9k/V

Dng DC0-50(A-2.5mA-25mA-250mA3% FSSt p 250mV(100mV cho 50mA)

in tr

RX1: 0-0.2-2k. Gia 203%Pin trong UM3 (1.5V)x29V x 1

X10: 0-2-20k. Gia 200

X100: 0-20-200k. Gia 2k

X1K: 0-200-2M. Gia 20k

X10K: 0-2k-20M. Gia 200

o dng r Iceo (LI)0-150(A X1K; 0-15mA X100-1.5mA X100; 0 - 150mA X 15% Dng qua ti gia hai u o in tr

o p gia hai u ti (LV)Chung cho cc thang o (3V-0), Ngc vi thang LI5% St p trn ti gia 2 u o in tr

Li ra AF

(o dB)-10dB- + 22dB (thang 10Vac)

0dB/0.775V (1mW trn ti 600)4 % FSTr khng ra 9k/V

o hef0 - 1000 thang X10 (Ic/Ib)3%Gn Transistor vo

Kim tra pin0-9V: thang m mu Tt - ? - Xu

0-9V: thang m mu Tt - ? - XuDng ti 1.5V/250mA

9V/25mA

1.2. nhy ca ng h.

nhy ca ng h l dng in nh nht c kh nng lm lch kim ch th ln ht thang . Dng cng nh th nhy cng cao.

Cc ng h c nhy cao thng c nhy (50(20)(A. nhy thc t ca ng h thng b gim i v c shunt vn nng u song song vi khung dy.

Trn mt ca ng h o thng c ghi tr s in tr vo ng vi mi vn ((/V). Mun tnh ra nhy thc t cn s ly nghch o ca in tr vo ng vi mi vn. V d, ng h vn nng SUNWA c in tr vo ng mi vn l 20.000 (/V (thang o DC ) th nhy thc t s l:

(2.1)

Nh vy, ng h c s (/V cng ln th dng in lm lch ht thang cng nh v ng h cng nhy

1.3. Cp chnh xc.

Do mch o dng phi hp o c in p, dng in v in tr nn cp chnh xc ca ng h vn nng thng thp hn cc my o ring l. Cp chnh xc c biu th theo sai s phn trm i vi tr s ln nht ca thang o. Cp chnh xc i vi in xoay chiu th nh hn i vi in mt chiu v nh hng ca c tuyn chnh lu phi tuyn.

Trn mt ng h thng ghi r cp chnh xc i vi in mt chiu v xoay chiu. Cc ng h thng dng c cp chnh xc 2,5 i vi in mt chiu v 4 i vi in xoay chiu.

1.4. Tnh thng bng.

ng h vn nng c tnh thng bng tt th d nm, ng hay nghing kim ch th vn v ng s 0. iu chng t trng tm ca khung quay nm ng trn ng ni hai mi nhn ca trc quay.

2. S khi chc nng ca vomMc tiu: M t v v c s khi chc nng ca my o VOM

My o a dng VOM s dng c cu o t in vi 3 khi chc nng c bn sau:

Khi mch o dng in I

Khi mch o in p U

Khi mch o in tr R.

S khi ca my o VOM m t trn hnh 2.2.

Hnh 2. 2. S khi VOM

Khi xoay chuyn mch chn chc nng o v tr ng vi I, U, hay R ta c cc ng h o dng, o p v o in tr tng ng. Chi tit cc thang o v cc tnh nng c bn m t trong bng 1.1. Nguyn l cu to mch o ca tng i lng s c xt phn 3 sau y.

3. Nguyn l cu to mch o trong vomMc tiu: M t c nguyn l cu to cc mch o dng in, in p, in tr trong VOM, t thit tnh c cc thang o c bn ca my o.

3.1. Mch o dng DC.

My o s dng c cu o t in, mi c cu o c 2 thng s c trng c bn sau:

in tr c cu o (in tr ca khung dy): Rg Dng lch ton thang (dng ln nht cho php): IgNh vy, bn thn c cu o l mt microampe k mt chiu c gii hn o ln nht l Ig. K hiu c cu o nh mt in k t in G (hnh 2.3).

Hnh 2. 3. K hiu c cu o t in

o dng ln hn ngi ta mc mt in tr shunt song song vi c cu o (hnh 2.4, a).

Hnh 2. 4. Mc shunt cho ampe k

Gi tr in tr RS d dng tnh c t s . Ta c:

;

;

Vy:

(2.2)

Trong :

- H s m rng thang o dng

Mch o dng trong VOM thng c 4 di o: 0-50(A-2.5mA-25mA-250mA. Mi di o s c mt in tr shunt RS tng ng. C 2 cch mc in tr shunt: mc ring r v mc t hp3.1.1. Mc shunt ring r.

S mc in tr shunt kiu ring r nh trn hnh 2.4, b. ng vi thang o no th mc shunt ring ca thang o nh chuyn mch chn di o. Gi tr in tr shunt tnh theo cng thc (2.2):

(2.3)

u im. Cch mc shunt ring r n gin, d tnh ton, d thc hin. Khi h hng d dng sa cha.

Nhc im. Nu chuyn mch shunt b h, dng o s ht qua in k, khung dy s b chy v qu ti.

3.1.2. Mc shunt t hp.

Mch shunt t hp c c im l bao gm tt c cc shunt ring r ca tng thang o. Cc shunt ring r u ni tip vi nhau v ton b in tr shunt u song song thng trc vi c cu o (hnh 2-5).

a) b)

Hnh 2. 5. Mch shunt t hp

Mi mt thang o s l t hp cc in tr, shunt ca thang o trc l mt phn shunt ca thang o sau. Trong s hnh 2,5, a th ng vi thang o th nht, in tr shunt l R1, cn R2, R3, R4 ng vai tr cc in tr ph ni tip vi c cu o. y cng l thang o dng ln nht trong cc thang o trn (ng vi shunt nh nht). Mt cch tng t, ta c (R1 + R2) l shunt ca thang o th 2; (R1 + R2 + R3) l shunt ca thang o th ba v (R1 + R2 + R3 + R4) l shunt ca thang o th t (thang o dng nh nht).

So vi kiu mch dng shunt ring r, mch dng shunt t hp tit kim c in tr dy qun hn, c bit do in tr shunt mc song song thng trc vi c cu o nn khng s xy ra qu ti cho ng h. Tuy nhin, vic iu chnh v sa cha mch shunt s phc tp hn.

tnh ton in tr shunt t hp ta cng xut pht t cch tnh tng qut i vi shunt ring r. Xt mch shunt t hp n gin nh ch ra trn hnh 2.5, b gm hai in tr R1 + R2

Ta c:

(2.4)

y n1 l h s tng dng ng vi thang th nht: RS = R1 + R2.

Vi thang o sau, in tr shunt l R2, cn R1 ni tip vi c cu o. p dng cng thc tnh shunt (2.2) ta c:

(2.5)

y n2 l h s hiu chnh dng in ng vi thang o c shunt l R2. T phng trnh (2.4) v (2.5) ta rt ra:

(2.6)

R2 = RS R1

Tnh ton tng t vi cc mch shunt vn nng cho 3, 4,...k thang o ta rt ra cng thc tng qut tnh in tr shunt vn nng Rk cho mt thang o bt k:

(2.7)

V d:

Mt in k t in c dng lch ton thang l Ig = 50(A, in tr c cu o Rg = 300(. Tnh tr s shunt t hp m rng thang o cho in k c th o cc dng 100 (A, 1mA, 10mA v 100mA.

Bi gii:

Ta c h s hiu chnh dng ng vi cc thang o tng ng l:

n1 = 100/50 = 2; n2 = 1000/50 = 20;

n3 = 10.000 /50 = 200; n4 = 100.000/50 = 2000.

Tnh: RS = R1 + R2 + R3 + R4 =

Tr s in tr shunt mi thang o tnh theo cng thc (2.7):

R4 = RS (R1+ R2 + R3) = 300 299,7 = 0,3(3.2. Mch o p DC.

Mi c cu o t in c in p nh mc:

Ug = Ig. Rg

(2.8)

Gi tr ca Ug trong khong 50 ( 75mV. Nh vy bn thn in k l mt milivon k.

m rng thang o cho ng h ngi ta mc thm in tr ph Rp ni tip vi c cu o (hnh 2.6).

Hnh 2. 6. M rng thang o cho vn k

T hnh v ta c:

U = UP + Ug = Ig(RP + Rg)

Nh vy, gi tr ca in tr ph s l:

(2.9)

Trong :

h s tng p.

Tng t nh thang o dng, to cc di o in p khc nhau, ngi ta cng dng cc s mc in tr ph theo 2 cch khc nhau: mc kiu ring r v mc kiu t hp.

3.2.1. Mc in tr ph kiu ring r.

S mch o in p mt chiu vi 4 thang o mc kiu in tr ph ring r trn hnh 2.7. Gi tr in tr ph ng vi thang o th k tnh theo cng thc (2.9):

(2.10)

Hnh 2. 7. Mc in tr ph cho vn k kiu ring r

Mch ny c u im l d dng kim tra v sa cha, nhng c nhc im ging nh mch sun ring r l d b h mch o khi chuyn mch tip xc xu.

3.2.2. Mc in tr ph kiu t hp.

Hnh 2. 8. Mc in tr ph kiu t hp

S mc in tr ph kiu t hp nh hnh 2.8, trong cc in tr thnh phn c th d dng tnh theo cc cng thc sau:

Tng t, ta rt ra cng thc tng qut tnh in tr ph m rng thang o khi bit thang o trc (k l s th t thang o):

(2.11)

V d:

Mt c cu o t in c in tr khung dy l 300 (, dng lch ton thang l 0,3mA. Hy tnh cc in tr ph vn nng m rng thang o ca vn k c th o c cc in p 6V, 30V v 150V.

Bi gii.

p dng cc cng thc (2.11) cho cc thang o ta c:

3.3. Mch o in tr.

Trong mch o in tr ca m k in tr cn o Rx c mc ni tip vi c cu o (hnh 2.9, a).

T hnh v ta c:

(2.12)

Nu E = const th Ig = f(Rx). Thang ca dng c khc theo Rx. V hm truyn (2.12) l phi tuyn nn thang Rx s khng u.

a) b)

Hnh 2. 9. Nguyn l mch o in tr

Khi Rx thay i gi tr ca Ig s thay i.

Khi Rx = 0 (ngn mch Rx), dng Ig = Imax, gc lch kim ch th l ln nht

Khi Rx =( (h mch Rx), dng Ig = 0, gc lch kim ch th bng 0.

Nh vy thang ca m k l phi tuyn v ngc vi thang o thng thng, gi tr 0 ( tn cng bn phi, cn gi tr ( ( tn cng bn tri (hnh 2.10).

Lu .

Kt qu o Rx ch chnh xc khi in p ngun khng i E = const. c th hiu chnh in p ngun trong mt phm vi bin i nht nh, ngi ta dng thm mt bin tr R* mc song song vi c cu o (hnh 2.9, b).

Trc mi ln o ta phi ngn mch 2 que o (ngn mch Rx) v iu chnh kim ng h ch ng s 0, sau tin hnh o th kt qu ch th mi chnh xc. Nm iu chnh ca bin tr R* c a ra trc mt my v thng k hiu bng ch (.

Hnh 2. 10. Cc thang o ca ng h VOM

3.4. o in p AC

C cu o t in ch c th o dng mt chiu. o dng in v in p xoay chiu phi mc thm khi chnh lu (hnh 2.11).

Hnh 2. 11. Nguyn tc o p xoay chiu

V d s nguyn l mch in p xoay chiu ca ng h vn nng Univecka c trnh by trn cc hnh 2.12.

Hnh 2. 12. Mch o in p xoay chiu ca ng h Univecka

4. My o a dng ch th s DMMMc tiu: M t c cc tham s k thut c bn v v c s khi nguyn tc hot ng ca my o ch th s DMM.

4.1. Cc tham s k thut ca DMM (Digital Multimeter)

ng h s DMM cng c cc chc nng tng t nh VOM, nhng ch th bng phng php s. minh ha cc tham s k thut ca DMM ta hy ly ng h ProsKit MT-1280 lm v d (hnh 2.13).

Hnh 2.13. B tr mt my v cc phm chc nng ca Proskit MT-1280

Cc tham s k thut ca my o Proskit MT-1280 cho trong bng 1.2

Bng 1 2. Cc tham s k thut ca my o ch th s Proskit MT-1280

Php oDi o chnh xcGhi ch

o p DV200mV/2V/20V/200V (0.5%+3d)

1000V (0.8%+10d)

o p AC2V/20V/200V (0.8%+5d)

750V (1.2%+10d)

o dng DC200A/20mA(0.8%+10d)

200mA (1.2%+10d)

20A(2.0%+5d)

o dng AC20mA(1.0%+5d)

200mA (2.0%+5d)

20A(3.0%+10d)

o in tr200Om(0.8%+5d)

2/20/200KOm(0.8%+3d)

20MOm(1.0%+25d)

o in dung20nF(2.5%+20d)

20uF(2.5%+20d)

200uF(5.0%+20d)

o nhit C(-20 C ~1000 C)400 F(1.5%+15d)

Test thng mchTn hiu beep

DiodeTest diode

TransistorTest v o hfe

T ng tt ngunc

Ch th ngun PinC 9V (6F22)

4.2. S khi chc nng ca DMM

My o a dng DMM s dng b ch th s 3 digit vi cc khi chc chnh c m t trn hnh 2.14.

Hnh 2. 14. S khi DMM

i lng o li vo c kt ni vi mch o thng qua chuyn mch chn chc nng o. Vi cc i lng o l in p, dng in, in tr th phn mch o c nguyn tc tng t nh my o VOM.

Tn hiu li ra mch o thng l dng in p s c ly mu, sau c bin i sang dng s nh khi bin i tng t - s ADC (Analog to Digital Converter), sau c gii m v a ra ch th. Hot ng ca cc khi chc nng c iu khin nh khi iu khin chung.5. S dng v bo qun vom, dmmMc tiu: Bit cch s dng v nm vng quy trnh thao tc trn cc loi my o VOM, DMM. Tun th cht ch quy tc bo v an ton cho thit b o.

5.1. S dng v bo qun VOM.

s dng VOM ta phi thc hin cc thao tc sau y:

5.1.1. Kim tra v tr rezo ban u ca kim ch th. t ng h nm ngang trn bn. Chuyn mch ng h v tr OFF, kim phi ch rezo. Nu lch dng vt dt nh chnh nm iu chnh zero kim ch ng s 0 (hnh 2.15).

Hnh 2. 15. Chnh rezo ban u5.1.2. Kim tra pin ng h. t chuyn mch chn thang o v chc nng o in tr thang o nh nht (X1). Chp 2 que o, kim ng h phi ln, chnh nm sao cho kim ln ht thang (hnh 2.16). Nu chnh ht c m kim vn khng ln ht thang th pin yu, cn phi thay pin mi.

Hnh 2. 16. Kim tra pin ng h

5.1.3. Chn chc nng o. Trc khi o bt k i lng no cn phi xoay chuyn mch chn chc nng o v v tr tng ng (hnh 2.17).

(a) o p AC

(b) o p DC

(c) o dng DC

(d) o in tr

Hnh 2.17. Chn chc nng o cho VOM.a. bo v cho ng h khng b qu ti, khi o in p AC, p DC hoc o dng DC nu cha bit khong gi tr ca i lng o nn t ng h thang o ln nht, sau chuyn dn v thang o thp hn cho n khi thy kim ch th ln nm trong khong t 1/2 n 2/3 thang l tt nht.

b. Trong php o in tr th chng ta lm ngc li, ban u thang o nh nht v tng dn n thang o ln nht. c bit ch , mi ln chuyn thang o phi chp que o v hiu chnh zero, kt qu o mi chnh xc.

5.2. Bo qun VOM.

bo m an ton cho my o VOM khi s dng cn tun th cc yu cu k thut sau:

c. Khi kt thc php o phi bt chuyn mch thang o v v tr OFF (nu ng h c nm cng tc ny) hoc chuyn v v tr thang o p xoay chiu ln nht. Thao tc ny trnh chp dy o trong php o R lm ngun pin trong my nhanh cn.

d. Trc khi o mt i lng no cn ch t chuyn mch thang o v ng chc nng o tng ng. Tuyt i khng c cm dy o vo in 220V khi chuyn mch o ang chc nng o in tr, hoc dng in. (Li bt cn ny rt hay xy ra vi hc vin mi thc hnh, do khng hiu hoc nghch ngm o th s dn n hng c cu o).

e. ng h cn c bo qun cn thn khi di chuyn. Nn c hp ng hoc ti ng ring, tranh va xc mnh hoc lm rt, c th dn ti t khung dy, lch trc kim ch th.

5.3. S dng v bo qun DMM.

5.3.1. S dng DMM.Vic s dng my o DMM cng tng t nh VOM. o i lng no th bt chuyn mch chn chc nng o v v tr tng ng (hnh 2.18).

a) o dng DC b) o dng AC

c) o in dung

d) o p DC

e) o p AC

f) o in tr

Hnh 2.18. Chn chc nng o

5.3.2. V d.

V d 1. o in p xoay chiu Xoay chuyn mch v v tr V~ tng ng. Hy thang o cao nht nu cha bit r in p cn o.

Gn dy o: Dy en vo cht (COM), dy vo cht (V,) (hnh 2.19).

Chm que o vo 2 im cn o in p (v d o in p ngun) v c gi tr hin th trn mn hnh LCD ca ng h.

V d 2. o in tr. Cm dy nh khi o in p (tc dy cm vo cht (V,), dy en gi nguyn cht COM (hnh 2.20).

Xoay chuyn mch v v tr o ,

t que o vo hai u in tr.

c gi tr trn mn hnh.

Ch rng gi tr thang ang 200k, nh vy s ch ca ng h s c l 27k.

Ging nh VOM, chc nng o in tr ca DMM cng c th dng o v kim tra c rt nhiu cc i lng khc nhau: o th lin mch vi thang o c tn hiu beep

o kim tra linh kin bn dn

o kim tra cc thit b in, kh c in, v.v.

5.3.3. Bo qun DMM. m bo an ton cho ng h cn tun th cc nguyn tc nu trn. c k hng dn trc khi s dng. Khi dng xong cn bt chuyn mch v v tr OFF tt ngun pin trong my.

Khng mnh ln b mt ch th LCD hoc dng cc vt sc nhn lm try xc lp bo v b mt.

Khng nc hoc bt k cht lng no chy vo my v s lm chp phn mch in t bn trong. Khng t tho my hoc lm st, rt cc phm iu khin.

Nu ch th khng sng, hoc m cn kim tra li ngun pin bn trong my v thay th nu pin cn.

C th dng vi bng mm lau v sinh b mt my. Khng c ra trc tip my hoc ngm trong nc v s lm hng cc bn mch bn trong.

CU HI V BI TP

1. Hy ch ra tt c cc chc nng ca my o a dng VOM m em ang s dng. 2. Hy ch ra tt c cc chc nng ca my o a dng DMM m em ang s dng.3. nhy ca VOM l g ? ng h em ang dng c nhy l bao nhiu?4. Hy v s khi m t cc chc nng ca my o VOM, DMM.5. Ch th trong ng h VOM dng c cu o no? Nguyn l tc ng.6. Ch th trong ng h DMM dng loi no?Nguyn l tc ng.7. Trnh by nguyn l mch o dng DC trong VOM.8. Trnh by nguyn l mch o p DC trong VOM.9. Trnh by nguyn l mch o in tr trong VOM10. Mt in k t in c dng lch ton thang l Ig = 50(A, in tr c cu o Rg = 270(. Tnh tr s shunt t hp m rng thang o cho in k c th o cc dng 100 (A, 1mA, 10mA v 100mA.11. Mt c cu o t in c in tr khung dy l 270 (, dng lch ton thang l 0,2mA. Hy tnh cc in tr ph vn nng m rng thang o ca in k c th o c cc in p 6V, 30V v 150V. Ch thch:

Ch th s LCD

Chuyn mch chn chc nng o

L gn y o in ap va in tr

L gn dy o chung

L gn dy o dong

L gn dy o dong ln 20A

Cng tc en nn LCD

Jack cm th transistor

EMBED Visio.Drawing.11

Hnh 2. SEQ Hnh_2. \* ARABIC 19

EMBED Visio.Drawing.11

Hnh 2. SEQ Hnh_2. \* ARABIC 20

_1410022965.unknown

_1410022974.unknown

_1410022978.unknown

_1410022982.vsdMch o

Ly mu

ADC

iu khin

Gii m

Chn chc nng o

I,U,R

_1410022984.vsdDy

Dy en

+

_

2.5A

YX-960TR20kW/V DC 9kW/V AC9kW/V DC 250V UP

X10K

X1K

X100

X10

X1

1000

250

25

10

ACV

_1410022985.vsd200mV

2V

20V

200V

1000V

750V

200V

20V

2V

20m

200m

20A

20A

200m

20m

200m

oC

20n

2m

200m

200

2k

20k

200k

20M

OFF

hFE

A~

A -

F

W

V-

AUTO POWER OFF

V~

E B C E

E B C E

NPN

PNP

R

_1410022986.vsd200mV

2V

20V

200V

1000V

750V

200V

20V

2V

20m

200m

20A

20A

200m

20m

200m

oC

20n

2m

200m

200

2k

20k

200k

20M

OFF

hFE

A~

A -

F

W

V-

V~

AUTO POWER OFF

E B C E

E B C E

NPN

PNP

R

_1410022983.vsdDy

Dy en

Kim phi trng vch 0

Chnh zero ban u cho kim

+

_

2.5A

YX-960TR20kW/V DC 9kW/V AC9kW/V DC 250V UP

X10K

X1K

X100

X10

X1

1000

250

25

10

ACV

W

OFF

0

1

0

2

5

10

20

30

50

100

200

500

1K

2K

W

W

_1410022980.vsd

_1410022981.vsd1

2

3

_1410022979.unknown

_1410022976.unknown

_1410022977.unknown

_1410022975.unknown

_1410022970.vsdRp1

Rp2

Rp3

Rp4

+

-

Rg

_1410022972.unknown

_1410022973.unknown

_1410022971.vsdR1

+

-

Rg

R2

R3

R4

-

_1410022967.unknown

_1410022968.unknown

_1410022966.unknown

_1410022957.unknown

_1410022961.unknown

_1410022963.unknown

_1410022964.vsd+

-

Rg

Rp

Up

Ug

U

Ig

_1410022962.unknown

_1410022959.unknown

_1410022960.unknown

_1410022958.unknown

_1410022953.unknown

_1410022955.unknown

_1410022956.unknown

_1410022954.unknown

_1410022951.unknown

_1410022952.unknown

_1410022950.unknown