BI GING IN TNH GI RI RO MI TRNGGVGD: ThS. Trn Th Dim ThyCN: Qun l mi trngST: 0903013459Email: ttdthuy@hcmuns.edu.vnTrng i hc Khoa Hc T NhinKhoa Mi Trng

MC TIU MN HCGii thiu cc k thut v khi nim c bn trong nh gi ri ro mi trng(ERA)3. Nhm hiu bit qui trnh nh gi ri ro cho h sinh thi v sc khe ca con ngi.2. Gii thiu cc phn tch d liu nh lng lin quan n ERA4. Nhm t c cc quan im khoa hc v phng php lun vo nhng vn hin nay trong ERA

CC MN HC C LIN QUAN

THI LNG V HNH THC DYThi lng: 30 tit , gm 5 chng.Hnh thc ging dy: + Ging vin ging trn lp phn tng quan+ Sinh vin trnh by seminar theo nhm cc chuyn v trao i/ tng tc trc tip vi ging vin v nhng vn Cn lm r thm+ Sinh vin lm bi tp theo nhm.

NI DUNG CHNG TRNHTng quan v ERA v nhng vn lin quanM hnh nh gi ri ro mi trngQun l ri ro mi trngERA gy ra bi cc ho cht c hinh gi ri ro mi trng i vi cht thi nguy hiC1C2C3C4C5

Ti liu tham khoTi liu tham kho chnh:Bi ging: nh gi ri ro mi trng ,TS. Ch nh L . Vin Mi Trng v Ti Nguyn.nh gi ri ro mi trng, TS. L Th Hng Trn, nh Xut bn khoa hc v k thut.2. Tham kho ph:Bi ging: Ho hc, sc khe v mi trng . TS. L Thanh Hi- Proposed guidelines for environmental risk assessment.- www. Google.com.vn vi cc t kho: Environmental RiskAssessment, Exposure assessment, Risk managenment.

MT S THUT NG

Mi nguy hi

Chng 1:Tng quan v ERA v nhng vn lin quan 1.1. Cc khi nim c bn v ri ro v nh gi ri ro1.2. Khi nim v ri ro mi trng v ERA.1.3. Lch s ca nh gi ri ro mi trng1.4. Cch tnh v o lng ri ro v cc loi ri ro1.5. Phn loi nh gi ri ro mi trng1.6. Qui trnh nh gi ri ro mi trng tng qut

1.1. Cc khi nim c bn v ri ro v nh gi ri ro

Chng 1:Tng quan v ERA v nhng vn lin quan 1.1. Cc khi nim c bn v ri ro v nh gi ri roRI RO : l xc sut ca mt tc ng bt li ln con ngi v mi trng do tip xc vi mi nguy hi.NH GI RI RO: t ra cc cu hi 1. Ci g c th sai st?2. Tn sut xy ra nh th no?3. Cc hu qu ca n l g?

Cc ri ro t ra bi cng ngh ln x hi v mi trng l g? (nh gi ri ro)Cc ri ro ny c th chp nhn hay khng( ri ro/ li ch) Cc ri ro ny c th c gim thiu khng? ( rt ra cc phng n la chn)Da trn c s no chng ta s c th chn cc phng n ? ( gi tr/ tc ng hay chi ph/ li ch)

nh gi ri roQun l ri roPh tn kinh tCc gi trNhng vn lut php

Cng thc tnh1. Ri ro = tn xut(P) x hu qu(S)Trong : - P: tn sut( s ln xy ra trong mt qung thi gian)- S: mc thit hi ngn hn, cp tnh)2. Ri ro = phi nhim x tc ng - Phi nhim: pht ti lin tc, mc thp- Tc ng : mn tnh, lu di

Cc gi tr ri ro( ri ro nn)Hot ng Ri ro hng nm- Ht 10 iu thuc / ngy 1/ 1.000Tai nn xe my 2,4/1.000.000Tai nn lao ng 8/ 100.000Ngi i b b xe gn my dng 4/100.000Ung 2 chai bia / ngy 4/100.000Ngi trong phng c khi 1/ 100.000B ht d ( 4 mung/ ngy) 8/ 1.000.000Ung nc b nhim Trichloroethene 2/ 1000.000.000

nh gi ri ro(RA) L tin trnh thng qua , cc kt qu ca phn tch ri ro( vd: c lng ri ro) c s dng cho vic quyt nh hoc l thng qua xp hng tng i ca cc chin lc gim thiu ri ro hay thng qua so snh vi cc mc tiu ri ro.Qun l ri ro: quy hoch, t chc, hng dn v kim sot ca cc ti sn ca t chc theo nhng cch lm ti thiu ho nhng tc ng ti chnh v tc ng ngc ca cc thit hi do tai nn i vi t chc ( nh my) hay a im.

1.2. Khi nim v ri ro mi trng v ERAa ra cc chi tit v cc tc ng c hi c th xy ra ca cch cht hay hot ng ln con ngi v mi trng.nh gi ri ro mi trng s tch hp:D liu sinh thi hcD liu c hcKinh nghim con ngiThng tin v phi nhim,Tc ng ca ho chtD liu vn chuynThng k v xc sut.Cc cng c tin hc

nh ngha ri ro mi trngRi ro mi trng xc sut m mi nguy hi s xy ra gy ra bi phi nhim mt mi nguy hi c trong mi trng nh ho cht c hi, vi khun, bc x, Mi nguy hi ngun ca mi nguy hi mi trngPhi nhim cc ng dn gia ngun nguy hi v qun th b tc ng hay ti nguyn b tc ng.

nh gi ri ro mi trng(ERA)Lin quan n cc ri ro sinh ra hay c bin i trong khng kh , t , nc, chui thc n sinh hc.Tip cn nhm t chc v phn tch tri thc v thng tin khoa hc i vi cc hot ng nguy hi tim tng hay i vi cc cht c th phi by ri ro di nhng iu kin xc nh.

ERA l nh gi nh lng v nh tnh ca ri ro phi by i vi sc kho hay h sinh thi bi mt mi nguy hi trong mi trng.

RA l cng c quan trng ca cc lnh vcAn ton khng gian.Phc hi mi trng cc a im nhimCi thin s an ton trong cc nh my ho cht.Ci thin s an ton trong cc nh my pht in( chy bng du la thay thit b ht nhn)Xc lp t l bo him dn s

Trng tm ca RAMt s tp trung vo s kin s nh lng ho ca cc hu qu khng mong mun ca cng ngh nh cc tc ng sc kho con ngi v s suy thoi mi trng.

Khng tp trung vo tnh gi tr s nh gi ca cc tc ng khng mong mun ca cng ngh ln cch thc m chng ta ang sng.

1.4. Cch tnh v o lng ri ro v cc loi ri roCc loi ri ro( chui v cc hu qu)S kin phi nhim hu qu

Pht thi t xutCp tnhMn tnhCc tc ng cp tnhCc tc ng tim tnCc tc ng tim tngPht thi thng xuynMn tnhCc tc ng tim tng

1.5. Cc loi ri ro nguy himNguy hi t nhinC s h tngCp ti ch

Ri ro do tn hi t nhinBnh ngoi da L ltNhit bng giTrt t v bnChiu sngHot ng a chnBng tuytLc xoySng thnLa rng hoang

Ri ro c s h tngHm m Cng ng Dch v khn cpTc ng ngh nghipH thng kim sot lCc bnh vinLung vt liuH tng bn cnhDch v cngH thng giao thng; cc dch v tin ch: in, kh thin nhin, nc sinh hot, x l nc thi, vin thng,

Ri ro mc ti mt imPhi nhim amingH thng kh nnH thng cng c v kim traPhn phi in Cc phi nhim t bn ngoiX l kh hiCc thit b h tng v cng trnhChy nS thay i qun lS qun l ca nh thuH thng vin thngH thng ncH thng nc thi

D liu u vo ca RACng dng ca ho chtCc hot ng hp ngS tin cy ca thit bCc s kin bn ngoiM t h tng v thit bTai nn trong qu khS tin cy ca con ngiCc bn hng dn: qui trnh v chnh sch, thit k cng ngh, an ton, bo tr.Cng dng ca vt liuKh tngDn sa hnh

Cc m hiu/ tiu chun dng nh gi ri roDng cc m hiu qui nh quc t hay cc tiu chun qui nh ca quc gia v quc t. V d:

NFPA 551 (Proposed): guide for Evaluation of Fire Risk AssessmentsANSI B11.TR3- 2000: Risk Assessment & Risk Reduction A Guide to Estimate, Evaluate & Reduce Risks Associated with Machine ToolsEN1050: Safety of machinery Principles for risk assessment

Xc nh ri ro v nh lng hoCc m hiu v tiu chunCc k thut nh gi ri roHin trng da trn m hiu

Cc loi nh gi ri ronh gi ri ro sc kho: HRAnh gi ri ro sinh thi: EcoRAnh gi ri ro cng nghip: IRA

nh gi ri ro sc kho L tin trnh s dng cc thng tin thc t xc nh s phi nhim ca c th hay qun th i vi vt liu nguy hi hay hon cnh nguy hi.Sc kho con ngi c th b ri ro bi nhiu vic trong mi trng nh:Cc cht sinh hc( an ton thc phm, sinh vt bin i gen, vi trng,)Cc cht vt l( bc x ion)p lc tm lCc ho cht ( CN, NN, .)

Nhng vn trong nh gi ri ro sc khoTh nghim ng vt v cht gy ung th tim nngChuyn t kt qa th nghim trn V sang ngi cn nhiu tranh ci v khoa hcCc gi nh phi nhim d dt thi quVn quan im, s kh chp nhn v truyn thng v ri roX hi quan tm hn v kinh t, ngi nh gi kin nhn v c cch truyn thng ph hpCc vt ch th sinh hc: cn my mc c tin

nh gi ri ro sinh thinh gi ri ro i vi ho chtnh gi ri ro i vi cc sn phm bo v thc vtnh gi ri ro sinh vt bin i gen

Nhng vn phi gii quyt ca EcoRAXc nh cc tc ng cp qun x, qun thLa chn ch im nh gi (i tng cn bo v)La chn cc loi tiu biuLa chn thc a, PTN, cc th nghim sinh vt nh v lnKt hp vi cc yu t thch nghi v phc hi ca h sinh thi.

nh gi ri ro cng nghipGRR a im c bit i vi s pht thi khng theo qui trnhGRR a im c bit i vi s pht thi theo qui trnhnh gi ri ro giao thngLp k hoch ti chnhGRR sn phm v nh gi chu trnh sn phmCc o lng gim v gim thiu ri ro

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