Bi tp chuyn bi dng S in Li GV: H Th Thu Mn
BI TP CHNG S IN LI
A. BI TP T LUN:
1.Vit phng trnh in li ca cc cht sau trong dung dch: Ba(NO3)2,
HNO3, KOH, K2CrO4,
HBrO4, BeF2, NaHCO3,H2SO4, HClO, HNO2, HCN, HBrO, Sn(OH)2,
HF
2.Tnh nng mol ca cc ion trong dung dch sau:
a,KOH 0,02M
b,BaCl2 0,015M
c,HCl 0,05M d,(NH4)2SO4 0,01M
3. Tnh nng mol ca cation v anion trong cc dung dch sau :
a) Mg(NO3)2 0,10M.
b) HCl 0,02M.
c) NaOH 0,01M.
3 a. Cho 28,4 gam Na2SO4 vo nc, tnh nng mol/lit ca cc ion trong
dung dch thu c?b. cho 50,5 gam NaCl vo nc c dung dch A. Tnh nng
mol/lit ca cc ion trong dung dch A?
c. Trong 0,2 lit dung dch c ha tan 11,7 g NaCl
d. Dung dch HNO3 10% (D = 1,054 g/l)
e. 250 ml dung dch NaCl 0,1M trn ln vi 250ml dung dch NaCl
0,2M
f. Trn ln 117 ml dung dch c cha 2,84g Na2SO4 v 212ml dung dch c
cha 2,34 g NaCl v 671 ml H2O
4. Tnh th tch dung dch Ba(OH)2 0,5M c cha s mol OH bng s mol OH
c trong 200g dung d1ch NaOH 20%.
5. Tnh nng ion H+ trong dung dch HNO3 12,6%, D= 1,12 g/ml.
6. Vit phng trnh in li ca cc cht sau: KCl, Na2SO4, Ba(OH)2 ,
KOH, HNO3, H2SO4, HCl, Al2(SO4)3, Na3PO4, Ca(OH)2, HClO4, HI,
AgNO3, HBr, NaHCO3.
7. Vit phng trnh in li ca cc axit yu sau: CH3COOH, HClO, HF,
H2SO3, HNO2, H3PO4,H2CO3, H2S.8. Ha tan 11,7 gam NaCl vo nc c 200
ml dung dch A. Tnh nng mol/lit ca tng ion trong dung dch A.
9. Ha tan 6,72 lit kh HCl ( ktc) vo nc c 600 ml dung dch X. Tnh
nng mol/lit ca tng ion trong dung dch X?
10. Ha tan 4,9 gam H2SO4 vo nc c 1 lit dung dch. Tnh nng mol/lit
ca cc ion trong dung dch thu c?11. Ha tan 41,6 gam BaCl2 vo nc c
500 ml dung dch A. Tnh nng mol/lit ca cc ion trong dung dch A?
12. Ha tan 80 gam CuSO4 vo nc thu c 2 lit dung dch A. Tnh nng
mol/lit ca cc ion trong dung dch A?
13. Trn 200 ml dung dch NaNO3 1M vo 300 ml dung dch KCl 1M, c
dung dch A. Tnh nng mol/lit ca tng ion trong dung dch A?
14. Trn 200 ml dung dch Na2SO4 1M vo 300 ml dung dch BaCl2 1M c
dung dch X. Tnh nng mol/lit ca cc cht v ion c trong dung dch X?
15. Ha tan 7,1 gam Na2SO4 ; 7,45 gam KCl ; 2,925 gam NaCl vo nc
c 1 lt dung dch A.
Tnh nng mol/lt ca mi ion trong dung dch A.
16.Trn 500 ml dung dch NaCl 1M vi 300 ml dung dch AgNO3 1M c
dung dch A. Tnh nng mol/lit ca cc cht v ion c trong dung dch A?
17. Trn 200 ml dung dch Na2CO3 1M vi 300 ml dung dch BaCl2 1M
thu c dung dch A. Tnh nng mol/lit ca cc ion trong dung dch A?
18.Ha tan 11,7 gam NaCl vo nc c 200 ml dung dch A. Tnh nng tng
ion trong dung dch A.
19. Ha tan 6,72 lit kh HCl ( ktc) vo nc c 600 ml dung dch X. Tnh
nng mol/lit ca tng ion trong dung dch X?
20.Trn 200 ml dung dch NaNO3 1M vo 300 ml dung dch KCl 1M, c
dung dch A. Tnh nng mol/lit ca tng ion trong dung dch A?
21. Trn 200 ml dung dch Na2SO4 1M vo 300 ml dung dch BaCl2 1M c
dung dch X. Tnh nng mol/lit ca cc cht v ion c trong dung dch X?
22. Ha tan 7,1 gam Na2SO4 ; 7,45 gam KCl ; 2,925 gam NaCl vo nc
c 1 lt dung dch A.
Tnh nng mol/lt ca mi ion trong dung dch A.
23. Tnh nng cc ion trong cc dung dch:
a,HNO3, pH = 4b, H2SO4 , pH= 3c,KOH, pH= 9 d, Ba(OH)2, pH=10
24. a,Tnh pH ca dung dch cha 1,46 g HCl trong 400ml.
b, Tnh pH ca dung dch cha 1,6 g NaOH trong 200ml.
c, Tnh pH ca dung dch to thnh sau khi trn 100ml dd HCl 1M v
400ml dd NaOH 0,375M
25. Tnh pH ca cc dung dch sau :
a) dung dch A : H2SO4 0,01M.
b) dung dch B : NaOH 0,01M.
c) dung dch C : to bi dung dch A trn vi dung dch B theo t l th
tch tng ng l 1 : 2.
26. Cn bao nhiu gam NaOH pha ch 300ml dung dch c pH= 10
27. Dung dch CH3COOH 1M, tnh nng mol ion H+ trong dung dch . Bit
c 100 phn t CH3COOH c 1 phn t phn li thnh ion.
28. Cho 150ml dd HCl 2M tc dng vi 50ml dd NaOH 5,6M. Tnh pH ca
dung dch sau phn ng?
29. Khi trn 10ml dd NaOH c pH = 13 vi 10ml dd HCl 0,3M, thu c dd
c pH bng bao nhiu?
30: H Y Thi Bnh 1999a. : Tnh pH ca dung dch sau 250C:
Dung dch NaCl 0,1M ; dung dch H2SO4 0,005M ; dung dch Ba(OH)2
0,05M
b. Tnh pH ca dung dch NaOH, bit 1 lt dung dch c cha 4 gam
NaOH
c. Ho tan 0,56 lt kh HCl (ktc) vo H2O thu c 250 ml dung dch. Tnh
pH ca dung dch thu c?
d. H Thng Mi 2001 ho tan m gam Ba vo nc thu c 1,5 lt dung dch X
c pH = 13. Tnh m ?
31. Cho 1,44 gam Mg vo 5 lt dung dch axit HCl c pH =2
a. Mg c tan ht trong dung dch axit hay khng ?
b. Tnh tht tch kh H2 bay ra (ktc)?
c. tnh nng mol/ lt ca dung dch sau phn ng (coi Vdd khng i)?
32.
a. (C Cng ng Tin Giang 2005). Trn 1 lt dung dch H2SO4 0,15M vi 2
lt dung dch KOH 0,165M thu c dung dch E. Tnh pH ca dung dch E?
b.Trn 50 ml dung dch HCl 0,12M vi 50 ml dung dch NaOH 0,1M.
Tnh pH ca dung dch thu c ? 33. Cho dung dch A gm HCl v H2SO4.
Trung ho 2 lt dd A cn 400ml dung dch NaOH 0,5M . C cn dung dch to
thnh th thu c 12,95 gam mui khan.
a. Tnh nng mol/lt ca cc axit trong dung dch A?
b. Tnh pH ca dung dch A?
34. H Y H Ni 1999: in li ca axit axetic (CH3COOH ) trong dung
dch CH3COOH 0,1M l 1%. Tnh pH ca dung dch axit ny
35. thi H khi B 2002
Cho hai dung dch H2SO4 c pH = 1 v pH = 2. thm 100 ml dung dch
KOH 0,1M vo 100 ml mi dung dch trn. Tnh nng mol / lt ca dung dch
thu c?36. H Y Dc TP HCM 2000 Tnh in li ca axit focmic HCOOH. Nu
dung dch HCOOH 0,46% (d = 1g/ml) ca axit c pH = 337. H S Phm H Ni 1
2000
Tnh in li ca axit focmic HCOOH trong dung dch HCOOH 0,007M c pH
= 338. Cho dung dch CH3COOH c pH = 4, bit in li = 1%. Xc nh nng mol
/lt ca dung dch axit ny
39.
a. ( 19, H Dc 1997, C Lng Thc- Thc Phm 2004) Cho dung dch HCl c
pH = 3. Cn pha long dung dch axit ny (bng nc) bao nhiu ln thu c
dung dch HCl c pH = 4.
b. ( H S Phm TP HCM 2000) Cho dung dch HCl c pH = 4. Hi phi thm
mt lng nc gp bao nhiu ln th tch dung dch ban u thu c dung dch HCl c
pH = 5.
40. 8, H Dc 1998,
Cho dung dch NaOH c pH = 12 (dung dch A). Cn pha long bao nhiu
ln thu c dung dch NaOH c pH = 11.
41. H Kinh T Quc Dn 1999. Pha long 10 ml dung dch HCl vi nc thnh
250 ml dung dch. Dung dch thu c c pH = 3. hy tnh nng ca HCl trc khi
pha long v pH ca dung dch .
42. H Thng Mi 2000. Pha long 200 ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 vi 1,3 lt
H2O thu c dung dch c pH = 12. Tnh nng mol/l ca dung dch Ba(OH)2 ban
u, bit rng Ba(OH)2 phn li hon ton43. H Thu li 1997.
Dung dch Ba(OH)2 c pH = 13 (dd A), dung dch HCl c pH = 1 (dd
B).
em trn 2,75 lt dung dch A vi 2,25 lt dung dch B
a. xc nh nng mol/l ca cc cht trong dung dch to thnh?
b. tnh pH ca dung dch ny
44. H Quc Gia H Ni 2000 a. (Ban B). Trn 250 ml dung dch hn hp gm
HCl 0,08 M v H2SO4 0,01M vi 250 ml dung dch NaOH amol/lt thu c
500ml dung dch c pH = 12. Tnh a
b. (CPB). Trn 300 ml dung dch HCl 0,05 M vi 200 ml dung dch
Ba(OH)2 amol/lt thu c 500ml dung dch c pH = 12
Tnh a
c. (Ban A, thi H khi B 2003). Trn 250 ml dung dch hn hp gm HCl
0,08 M v H2SO4 0,01M vi 250 ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 amol/lt thu c m gam
kt ta v 500ml dung dch c pH = 12
Tnh m v a
45. Hc Vin Qun Y 2001
A l dung dch H2SO4 0,5M. B l dung dch NaOH 0,6M. Cn trn VA v VB
theo t l no c dung dch c pH = 1 v dung dch c pH = 13 (gi thit cc
cht phn ly hon ton ).
46. H S Phm H Ni I 2001
Tnh th tch dung dch Ba(OH)2 0,025M cn cho vo 100ml dung dch gm
HNO3 v HCl c pH = 1 pH ca dung dch thu c bng 2.
47. H kinh t TP HCM 2001
Trn 3 dung dch H2SO4 0,1M; HNO3 0,2 M; HCl 0,3M vi nhng th tich
bng nhau c dung dch A. Ly 300 ml dung dch A cho tc dng vi mt dung
dch B gm NaOH 0,2M v KOH 0,29M. Tnh th tch dung dch B cn dng sau
khi tc dng vi 300ml dung dch A c dung dch c pH = 2.
48. C 2004
Ho tan m gam BaO vo nc c 200ml dung dch A c pH = 13. Tnh m
(gam).
49. C SP Qung Ninh 2005 Cho m gam Ba vo 500 ml dung dch Ba(OH)2
0,04M th c mt dung dch c
pH = 13 . tnh m ( Coi th tch dung dch khng i )
50: thi H Khi A 2006
Nung 6,58 gam Cu(NO3)2 trong bnh kn, sau mt thi gian thu c 4,96
gam cht rn v hn hp kh X. Hp th hon ton hn hp X vo nc, c 300 ml dung
dch Y. vit phng trnh phn ng xy ra v tnh pH ca dung dch Y.
51: thi H khi A 2004
Cho 40 ml dung dch HCl 0,75M vo 160 ml dung dch cha ng thi
Ba(OH)2 0,08M v KOH 0,04M. Tnh pH ca dung dch thu c. Cho [H+].
[OH-] = 10-14.
52. C SP H Ni 2005 Cho dung dch NaOH c pH = 13 (dung dch A).
a. Cn pha long dung dch A bao nhiu ln thu c dung dch B c pH =
12?
b. Cho 2,14 gam NH4Cl vo mt cc cha 300 ml dung dch B. un si sau
ngui ri thm mt t qu tm vo cc. Qu tm c mu g? ti sao?
53. thi H khi B 2008
Trn 100 ml dung dch c pH = 1 gm HCl v HNO3 vi 100 ml dung dch
NaOH nng a
(mol/l) thu c 200 ml dung dch c pH = 12. Gi tr ca a l (bit trong
mi dung dch [H+][OH-] = 10-14)
A. 0,15.
B. 0,30.
C. 0,03.
D. 0,12.54. Dung dch CH3COOH 1M, tnh nng mol ion H+ trong dung
dch . Bit c 100 phn t CH3COOH c 1 phn t phn li thnh ion.
55. Cho 150ml dd HCl 2M tc dng vi 50ml dd NaOH 5,6M. Tnh pH ca
dung dch sau phn ng?
56. Khi trn 10ml dd NaOH c pH = 13 vi 10ml dd HCl 0,3M, thu c dd
c pH bng bao nhiu?
57.Vit phng trnh phn t v ion rt gn ca cc phn ng sau (nu c) xy ra
trong dung dch:
a, KNO3 + NaCl
b, NaOH + HNO3
c,Mg(OH)2 + HCl
d, NaF + AgNO3
e, Fe2(SO4)3 + KOH
g, FeS + HCl
h, NaHCO3 + HCl
i, NaHCO3 + NaOH
k, K2CO3 + NaCl
l, Al(OH)3 + HNO3
m, Al(OH)3 + NaOH
n, CuSO4 + Na2S
58. Trong dung dch c th tn ti ng thi cc ion sau y c khng? Gii
thch
a, Na+, Cu2+, Cl-, OH-
b, K+, Ba2+, Cl-, SO4 2-. c, K+, Fe2+, Cl-, SO4 2-.d, HCO3-,
OH-, Na+, Cl-59. Vit cc phng trnh phn t v ion rt gn ca cc phn ng
(nu c) xy ra trong dung dch gia cc cp cht sau :
a) NaCl + AgNO3 (
b) Na2CO3 + HCl (
c) Na3PO4 + HCl (
d) ZnS + HCl (60. Hon thnh cc phng trnh ho hc ca cc phn ng sau
di dng phn t v ion thu gn.
a) BaCl2 + ? ( BaSO4 + ?b) Ba(OH)2 + ? ( BaSO4 + ?
c) Na2SO4 + ? ( NaNO3 + ?d) NaCl + ? ( NaNO3 + ?
e) Na2CO3 + ? ( NaCl + ? + ?f) FeCl3 + ? ( Fe(OH)3 + ?
g) CuCl2 + ? ( Cu(OH)2 + ?h) CaCO3 + ? ( CaCl2 + ? + ?
e) KNO3 + NaCl (61. C th tn ti cc dung dch cha ng thi tng nhm cc
ion sau y hay khng ? Hy gii thch.
a) , , ,
b) , , ,
c) , , ,
d) , , ,
62. Trong 3 dung dch c cc loi ion sau : ; ; ; ; v . Mi dung dch
ch cha mt loi anion v mt cation. Hy xc nh cc dung dch mui ny.
63. Trong dung dch c th tn ti ng thi cc ion sau y c khng ? Gii
thch.
a) Na+, Cu2+, v .b) K+, , v .
c) K+, Fe2+, v .d) , H+ (H3O+), Na+ v .64. Cc dung dch sau c mi
trng g? Gii thch.
AlCl3, (CH3COO)2Ba, KNO3, K2S, NH4NO3, NaNO2.
65. Mt dung dch cha a mol Na+, b mol Ca2+, c mol Cl-, d mol NO3.
Tm mi lin h gia a, b, c, d.
66. Dung dch A cha 0,4 mol Ca2+, 0,5 mol Ba2+ v x mol Cl. Tnh
x.
67. Mt dung dch cha 2 cation l Fe2+ (0,1mol) v Al3+ (0,2mol) v
hai anion l Cl(a mol) v SO42- (b mol). Tnh a, b bit rng khi c cn
dung dch thu c 46,9 gam cht rn khan.
68. Mt dung dch cha a mol Na+, b mol Ca2+, c mol v d mol .
a) Lp biu thc lin h gia a, b, c, d.
b) Lp cng thc tnh tng khi lng mui trong dung dch.
69. Kt qu xc nh nng mol ca cc ion trong mt dung dch nh sau:Na+ :
0,05M ; Ca2+ : 0,01M ; : 0,01M ; : 0,04M v :0,025M. Hi kt qu ng hay
sai, ti sao ?
70. Dung dch X cha hn hp 2 axit HCl 0,4M v H2SO4 0,1 M. Dung dch
Y cha hn hp 2 hiroxit KOH 0,1M v Ba(OH)2 0,2M. Tnh th tch dung dch
Y cn dng trung ho 200ml dung dch X v khi lng kt ta thu c.
71. trung ho hon ton 600ml dung dch hn hp HCl 2M v H2SO4 1,5M cn
bao nhiu mililit dung dch hn hp Ba(OH)2 v KOH 1M.
72. Ho tan m gam kim loi Ba vo nc thu c 2,0 lit dung dch X c pH
=13. Tnh m.
73.Cho 220ml dung dch HCl c pH = 5 tc dng vi 180ml dung dch NaOH
c pH = 9 th thu c dung dch A. Tnh pH ca dung dch A
74. trung ho 50 ml hn hp X gm HCl v H2SO4 cn dng 20 ml dung dch
NaOH 0,3M. C cn dung dch sau khi trung ho thu c 0,381 gam mui
khan.
a) Xc nh nng mol ca cc axit trong X.
b) Tnh pH ca dung dch X.
75. Trn ln 50,0 ml dung dch HCl 0,12M vi 50,0 ml dung dch NaOH
0,10M. Tnh pH ca dung dch thu c.
76. Cho dung dch A gm HCl v H2SO4. Trung ho va ht 1 lt dung dch
A cn 400 ml dung dch NaOH 0,5M. C cn dung dch to thnh th thu c 12,9
gam mui khan.
a) Tnh nng mol ca cc axit c trong dung dch A.
b) Tnh pH ca dung dch A.
77. Tnh th tch dung dch Ba(OH)2 0,025M cn cho vo 100 ml dung dch
gm HNO3 v HCl c pH = 1,0 pH ca hn hp thu c bng 2,0.
B. BI TP TRC NGHIM:
Cu 1. Dung dch dn in tt nht l
A. NaCl 0,02M. B. NaCl 0,01M.C. NaCl 0,001M.. D. NaCl
0,002M.
Cu 2. Dy gm cc cht in li yu l
A. BaSO4, H2S, NaCl, HCl.
B. Na2SO3, NaOH, CaCl2, CH3COOH.
C. CuSO4, NaCl, HCl, NaOH.
D. H2S, H3PO4, CH3COOH, Cu(OH)2.
Cu 3. Trong dung dch HCl 0,001 M.Tch s ion ca nc l
a, [ H+ ] .[ OH_ ] 1,0.10 -14
d. khng xc nh c
Cu 4. Khi lng NaOH cn dng pha ch 250,0 ml dung dch c pH = 10,0
l
A. 1,0.10-3g.
B. 1,0.10-2g.
C. 1,0.10-1g.
D. 1,0.10-4g.
Cu 5. Dung dch ca mt baz 250C c
A. [H+] = 1,0.10-7. B. [H+] < 1,0.10-7. C. [H+] >
1,0.10-7. D. [H+] .[OH-]> 1,0.10-14.
Cu 6. Ho tan mt axit vo nc 250C, kt qu l
A. [H+] < [OH-]. B. [H+] = [OH-]. C. [H+] > [OH-]. D. [H+]
.[OH-] > 1,0.10-14.
Cu 7. H2SO4 v HNO3 l axit mnh cn HNO2 l axit yu c cng nng
0,01mol/lit v cng nhit . Nng ion H+ trong mi dung dch c xp theo
chiu gim dn nh sau
A. [H+] < [H+]< [H+] .
B. [H+] < [H+] < [H+].C. [H+] < [H+]< [H+] .
D. [H+]< [H+] < [H+] .
Cu 8. Dy gm cc hidroxit lng tnh l
A. Pb(OH)2, Cu(OH)2, Zn(OH)2.
B. Al(OH)3, Zn(OH)2, Fe(OH)2.
C. Cu(OH)2, Zn(OH)2, Mg(OH)2.
D. Mg(OH)2, Zn(OH)2, Pb(OH)2.
Cu 9. Trong dung dch H2S (dung mi l nc) c th cha
A. H2S, H+, HS-, S2-. B. H2S, H+, HS-. D. H+, HS-.
D. H+ v S2-.
Cu 10. Th tch nc cn cho vo 5 ml dung dch HCl pH = 2 thu c dung
dch HCl pH = 3 l
A. 50 ml.
B. 45 ml.
C. 25 ml.
D. 15 ml.
Cu 11. Mt mu nc ma c pH=4,82.Vy nng H+ trong dung dch l
a. 1,0.10 -14 M
b. 1,0.10-4 M
c. 1,0.10-5 M
d. >1,0.10-5M
Cu 12. Phng trnh ion thu gn ca phn ng cho bit
a.nhng ion no tn ti trong dung dch
b.nng cc ion trong dung dch
c.bn cht ca phn ng trong dung dch cht in li
d.khng cho bit c iu g
Cu 13. Th t tng dn baz ca cc dung dch sau : dd A (pH = 9), dd B
(pH = 7), dd C (pH = 3), dd D (pH = 11) l
a. dd D, dd A, dd B, dd C
b. dd D, dd B, dd C, dd A
c. dd C, dd B, dd A, dd D
c. dd A, dd B, dd C, dd D
Cu 14. Dd cht in li dn in c l do s chuyn ng ca:
A. Cc cation v anion.
B. Cc cation v anion v cc phn t ha tan.
C. Cc ion v .
D. Cc ion nng chy phn li.
Cu 15. Cho cc cht sau: K3PO4, H2SO4, HClO, HNO2, NH4Cl, HgCl2,
Sn(OH)2. Cc cht in li yu l:
A. HgCl2, Sn(OH)2, NH4Cl, HNO2.B. HClO, HNO2, K3PO4, H2SO4.
C. HClO, HNO2, HgCl2, Sn(OH)2.D. HgCl2, Sn(OH)2, HNO2, H2SO4.Cu
16. Cho 200 ml dung dch HNO3 c pH=2, nu thm 300ml dung dch H2SO4
0,05M vo dung dch trn th dung dch thu c co pH bng bao nhiu?
A.1,29 B.2,29 C.3 D.1,19
Cu 17. C dung dch H2SO4 vi pH=1,0 khi rt t 50ml dung dch KOH 0,1
M vo 50 ml dung dch trn. Tnh nng mol/lca dung dch thu c?
A. 0,005 M B. 0,003 M C. 0,06 M D. Kt qa khC. Cu 18. Dung dch
cha 0,063g HNO3 trong 1lt c pH l:
A.3,13 B.3 C.2,7 D.6,3 E.0,001
Cu 19. Theo Areniut nhng cht no sau y l hidroxit lng tnh
A. Al(OH)3 , Fe(OH)2B. Cr(OH)2 , Fe(OH)2. C. Al(OH)3 , Zn(OH)2.
D. Mg(OH)2, Zn(OH)2.
Cu 20. Theo Areniut pht biu no sau y l ng?
A. cht c cha nhm OH l hidroxit. B. cht c kh nng phn li ra ion
trong nc l axit.
C. cht c cha hir trong phn t l axit. D. cht c cha 2 nhm OH l
hirxit lng tnh.
Cu 21. Pht biu no sau y khng ng ? Phn ng trao i ion trong dd cht
in li xy ra khi
A. C phng trnh ion thu gn B. C s gim nng mt s cc ion tham gia
phn ng
C. C sn phm kt ta, cht kh, cht in li yu. D. Cc cht tham gia phi
l cht in li
Cu 22. Cho 2 dd axit l HNO3 v HClO c cng nng . Vy s so snh no
sau y l ng?
A. < . B. > . C. < . D. = .
Cu 23. cc vng t phn ngi ta bn vi lm
A. Tng pH ca t.
B. Tng khong cht cho t.
C. Gim pH ca t.
D. mi trng t n nh.
Cu 24. Pha thm 40 cm3 nc vo 10 cm3 dung dch HCl c pH= 2 c mt
dung dch c pH bng:
A.3 B.3,3 C.3,5 D.2
Cu 25. Phng trnh p Ba(H2PO4)2 + H2SO4 ( BaSO4 (+ 2H3PO4 tng ng
vi phng trnh ion gn no sau y?
A. Ba2+ + SO42- BaSO4 ( B. Ba2+ + 2H2PO4- + 2H+ + SO42- BaSO4 (
+ 2H3PO4
C. H2PO4- + H+ H3PO4 D. Ba2+ + SO42- + 3H+ + PO43- BaSO4 ( +
H3PO4Cu 26. Cc cp cht no sau y c th tn ti trong mt dd ?
A. CaF2 v H2SO4.B. CH3COOK v BaCl2.C. Fe2(SO4)3 v KOH. D. CaCl2
v Na2SO4.
Cu 27. Phn ng Ba(OH)2 + Na2CO3 c phng trnh ion thu gn l.
a.Ba + + CO3 2- BaCO3
b. Ba + + CO3 _ BaCO3c.Ba 2+ + CO3 2_ BaCO3
d. Ba + + CO3 2- BaCO3Cu 28. i vi dung dch axit yu CH3COOH 0,1 M
nu b qua s in li ca nc th nh gi no v nng mol ion sau y l ng.
a. [ H+ ]>0,1 M
b. [ H+ ]< 0,1 M
c. [ H+] = 0,1 M d. [ H+ ] < [ CH3COO-]
Cu 29. Theo thuyt A-re-ni-ut axit l cht
a. khi tan trong nc phn li ra ion OH_
b. khi tan trong nc ch phn li ra ion H+c. khi tan trong nc phn
li ra ion H+
d. khi tan trong nc ch phn li ra ion OH_Cu 30. Cc tp hp ion sau
y c th tn ti ng thi trong cng mt dd
A. ; ; ; ;
B. , ; ; ;
C. ; ; ; HCO3-; OH-D. ; ; ; ;-
Cu 31. Pha trn 200 ml dung dch HCl 1M vi 300 ml dung dch HCl 2M.
Nu s pha trn khng lm co gin th tch th dung dch mi c nng mol/l:
A. 1,5M B. 1,2M C. 1,6M D. 0,15M E. Tt c u sai
Cu 32. Theo Areniut hiroxit no sau y c tnh lng tnh ?
A. Zn(OH)2B. Pb(OH)2.C. Al(OH)3.D. Tt c.
Cu 33. Nhn nh no sau y v mui axit l ng nht:
A. Mui c kh nng phn ng vi baz.B. Mui vn cn hiro trong phn t.
C. Mui to bi axit yu v baz mnh.D. Mui vn cn hiro c th phn li ra
cation .
Cu 34. Phn ng trao i ion trong dd cc cht in li ch c th xy ra khi
c t nht mt trong cc iu kin no sau y ?
A. To thnh mt cht kt ta. B. To thnh cht in li yu.
C. To thnh cht kh.
D. Mt trong ba iu kin trn.
Cu 35. Trn 250 ml dung dch hn hp gm HCl 0,08M v H2SO4 0,01M vi
250 ml dung dch NaOH a mol/l, c 500ml dung dch c pH = 12.Tnh a
A. 0,13M B. 0,12M C. 0,14M D. 0,10M
Cu 36. Dung dch HCl c pH = 3. Cn pha long dung dch axit ny (bng
nc) bao nhiu ln thu c dung dch HCl c pH = 4?
A. 8 ln B. 9 ln C. 10 ln D. 5 ln
Cu 37. Cc hn hp mui sau y, khi ha tan trong nc to mi trng c pH
:
A. Dung dch KNO3 v Na2CO3, pH > 7
B. Dung dch NaCl v CH3COOH, pH > 7
C. Dung dch NaHSO4, K2SO4, pH < 7
D. Tt c u ng
Cu 38. Trn V1 lt dung dch axit mnh c pH = 5 vi V2 lt baz mnh c
pH = 9 theo t l th tch nh th no dung dch thu c c pH = 8. Chn cc gi
tr sau:
A. B. C. D. E.
Cu 39. Ho tan 20 ml dung dch HCl 0,05M vo 20 ml dung dch H2SO4
0,075 M. Nu s ho tan khng lm co gin th tch th pH ca dung dch thu c
l:
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 1,5
Cu 40. Chn pht biu ng trong s cc pht biu sau y ?
A. Gi tr pH tng th axit gim.B. Gi tr pH tng th axit tng.
C. Dd c pH < 7 lm qu tm ho xanh.D. Dd c pH >7 lm qu tm ho
.
Cu 41. Trong cc cp cht sau y, cp cht no cng tn ti trong dd ?
A. AlCl3 v Na2CO3.B. HNO3 v NaHCO3.C. NaAlO2 v KOH.D. NaCl v
AgNO3.
Cu 42. Cc cht trong dy no sau y va tc dng vi dd kim mnh va tc
dng vi dd axit mnh ?
A. Al(OH)3, (NH2)2CO, NH4Cl.B. NaHCO3, Zn(OH)2, CH3COONH4.
C. Ba(OH)2, AlCl3, ZnO.
D. Mg(HCO3)2, FeO, KOH.
Cu 43. Phng trnh ion rt gn + H2O biu din bn cht ca phn ng ho hc
no di y ?
A. HCl + KOH H2O + KCl.B. NaOH + NaHCO3 H2O + Na2CO3.
C. H2SO4 + BaCl2 2HCl + BaSO4.D. Cu A v B ng.
Cu 44. V sao dd ca cc dd axit, baz, mui dn c in ?
A. Do axit, baz, mui c kh nng phn li ra ion trong dd.
B. Do cc ion hp phn c kh nng dn in.
C. Do c s di chuyn ca electron to thnh dng electron.
D. Do phn t ca chng dn c in.
Cu 45. Mt dung dch c [ OH- ]= 10 -5 M. Mi trng ca dung dch ny
l
a.trung tnh
b.kim
c.axit
d.khng xc dnh c
Cu 46. Cht no sau y l cht in li ?
A. Ru etylic. B. Nc nguyn cht.C. Axit sunfuric. D. Glucoz.
Cu 47. Dd cht no sau y khng dn in ?
A. CH3OH.C. CuSO4.C. NaCl.D. AgCl.
Cu 48. Dy cht no di y u l cht in li mnh ?
A. HCl, NaOH, NaCl.B. HCl, NaOH, CH3COOH.C. KOH, NaCl, HgCl2. D.
NaNO3, NaNO2, HNO2.
Cu 49. Ha tan mt axit vo nc c kt qu l
a. [ H+ ] > [ OH_ ]
b. [ H+ ] < [ OH_ ]c. [ H+ ] = [ OH_ ] d. [ H+ ]< 1,0.10_7
M
Cu 50. Tnh pH ca 1 lt dung dch c ha tan 0,4 gam natri
hiroxit:
A. 0,01
B.2
C. 12
D. 10.
Cu 51. Trn 100ml dd HCl c pH = 2 vi 100ml dd NaOH thu c dd c pH
= 7 th pH ca dd NaOH l:
A. 2
B. 12
C. 1.2
D. 9
Cu 52. Dung dch NaOH c pH = 12. Vy nng mol/lit ca dd NaOH l
:
A. 0,1M
B. 0,01M
C. 0,2M
D. 0,02M
Cu 53. Dung dch A c pH = 5, Dung dch A c pH = 9.Ly th tch ca A v
B theo t l nh th no c dd c pH = 8
A. 9 : 11
B. 11 : 9
C. 5: 6
D. 12 : 5.
Cu 54. Trn 100ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 0,5M vi 100 ml dung dch KOH
0,5M c dung dch A
A. Tnh nng mol/l ca ion OH- trong dung dch?
A. 0,65M B. 0,55M C. 0,75M D. 1,5M
Cu 55. Dd mui no sau y l mui axit ?
A. CH3COONa.B. Na2 HCO3.C. Ba(NO3)2.D. NH4Cl.
Cu 56. Nu pH ca dd A l 11,5 v pH ca dd B l 4,0 th iu khng nh no
sau y l ng ?
A. Dd A c nng ion H+ cao hn B. B. Dd B c tnh baz mnh hn A.
C. Dd A c tnh baz mnh hn B. D. Dd A c tnh axit mnh hn B.
Cu 57. Ho tan 2,94 gam H2SO4 vo nc c 600 ml dung dch (A). Dung
dch A c pH l:
A. 0,1
B.1
C. 2
D. Kt qu khc.
Cu 58. Cc dd sau y c cng nng mol, dd no dn in tt nht ?
A. NH4NO3.B. Al2(SO4)3.C. H2SO4.D. Ca(OH)2.
Cu 59. Ho tan mt axit vo nc kt qu l :
A. < .B. = .C. > . D. Khng xc nh c.
Cu 60. Dd ca mt baz 25oC c :
A. = 10-7M.B. > 10-7M. C. < 10-7M. D.
EMBED Equation.3 >10-14M.
Cu 61. Cho cc cht NaCl, C2H5OH, Cu(OH)2, NaOH, H2SiO3, HCl,
CaCO3. Cc cht in li mnh l:
A. NaCl, C2H5OH, NaOH
B. Cu(OH)2, NaOH, H2SiO3
C. HCl, CaCO3, NaCl, Cu(OH)2D. NaCl, NaOH, HCl, Ca(NO3)2
Cu 62. Cho cc ion:,,,,,,. Cc ion c th cng tn ti trong mt dd c
l:
A. , , ,
B. , , , C. , , , , D. , ,
Cu 63. Dd X gm cc ion: (0,1 mol), (0,05 mol), (0,06 mol), . S
mol ion l:
A. 0,07molB. 0,06 molC. 0,05 molD. 0,1 mol.
Cu 64. Cho cc dd c cng nng : NaCl, Na2SO4, H2SO3, CH3COOH. Dd c
kh nng dn in ln nht l:
A. NaClB. H2SO3C. Na2SO4D. CH3COOH
Cu 65. Dd X gm cc ion: (0,4 M), (0,5 M), (0,8 M), . Nng ion
l:
A. 0,3 MB. 0,6 MC. 0,5 MD. 0,1 M.
Cu 67. Nhng ion no sau y khng cng tn ti c trong mt dd:
A. , , ,
B. , , ,
C. , , ,
D. , , ,
Cu 68. Nhng ion no sau y cng tn ti c trong mt dd:
A. , , ,
B. , , ,
C. , , ,
D., , ,
Cu 69. Trn hai dd no sau y khng xy ra phn ng?
A. NaCl v AgNO3B. HCl v KHCO3C. FeCl3 v KNO3D. BaCl2 v
K2CO3.
Cu 70. C V lt dd NaOH 0,6 M. Trng hp no sau y lm pH ca dd NaOH
tng?
A.thm V lt nc ct B.thm V lt KOH 0,7 M C.thm V lt dd HCl 0,4 M
D.thm V lt NaNO3Cu 71. Trong cc cp cht sau y, cp cht no cng tn ti
trong mt dung dch?
a. NaCl v AgNO3 b. HNO3 v NaHCO3 c ZnCl2 v Na2CO3
d. Na2ZnO2 v KOH
Cu 72. Cho dung dch cha 40 gam NaOH vo dung dch cha 73 gam HCl.
Dung dch sau phn ng c mi trng: A. Trung tnh B. Khng xc nh c C.
Axit
D . kimCu 73. Thm t 100 g dung dch H2SO4 98% vo nc v iu chnh c 1
lt dung dch X. Nng mol ca ion H+ trong dung dch X l:
a. 2 mol/lb. 3 mol/lc. 4 mol/l d. 2,5 mol/l
Cu 74. trung ha 10ml dung dch NaOH cn dng 100ml dung dch H2SO4 c
pH = 2. Gi tr pH ca dung dch NaOH l:A. . 12,8B. 11C. 12,5 D. 13 Cu
75. Cho dung dch cha m gam NaOH vo dung dch cha m gam HCl. Dung dch
sau phn ng c mi trng:
a. Trung tnh b. Khng xc nh c c. Axit
d. Baz
Cu 76. Trong dung dch Al2(SO4)3 long c cha 0,6 mol SO42- th
trong dung dch c cha:
A. 0,4 mol Al3+
B. 1,8mol Al2(SO4)3
C. 0,2 mol Al2(SO4)3D. C A v C u ng
Cu 77. Trn ln 100ml dung dch KOH 1M vi 50ml dung dch H2SO4 1M.
Dung dch thu c c pH:
a. pH = 0b. pH > 7 c. pH < 7d. pH =7
Cu 78. Ha tan 448 ml kh HCl (ktc) vo 200 ml H2O c dung dch A.
Dung dch A c pH bng:
a. 0 b. 2 c. 4d. 1
Cu 79. Nng mol/l ca Na+ trong 1,5 lt dung dch c ha tan 0,6 mol
Na2SO4 l:
A. 0,8
B. 0,4
C. 0,9
D. 0,6.
Cu 80. Nng mol/l ca SO42 trong 1,5 lt dung dch c ha tan 0,6 mol
Al2(SO4)3 l:
A. 0,8
B. 0,4
C. 1,2
D. 2,4.
Cu 81. Nng mol/l ca Cl trong dung dch CaCl2 0,3 M l:
A. 0,3
B. 0,6
C. 0,9
D. 0,15.
Cu 82. Cht in li l cht tan trong nc
A. phn li ra ion.
B. phn li mt phn ra ion.
C. phn li han ton thnh ion.
D. to dung dch dn in tt.
Cu 83. Dung dch in li l mt dung dch
A. dn nhit.
B. dn in.
C. khng dn in.
D. khng dn nhit.
Cu 84. Dung dch NaCl dn c in l
A. cc nguyn t Na, Cl di chuyn t do
B. phn t NaCl di chuyn t do
C. cc ion Na+, Cl- di chuyn t do
D. phn t NaCl dn c in.
Cu 85. Dung dch CH3COOH c cha :
A. CH3COO-, H+, OH-
B. CH3COO-, H+, OH-, CH3COOH
C. CH3COO-, H+
D. CH3COO-, H+, CH3COOH.
Cu 86. 100ml dd NaCl c cha 1,06gam Na2CO3 th nng mol/lit ca ion
Na+ l:
A. 2M
B. 0,2M
C. 0,02M
D. 0,1M
Cu 87. Ha tan 224 ml (kc) kh hiroclorua vo nc c 1 lt dung dch.
pH ca dung dch thu c l
A. 0,01
B. 1
C. 2
D. 10
Cu 88. Thm t t tng gi axt sunfuric vo dung dch bari hidroxit n
d. dn in ca h s bin i nh th no ?
A. Lc u gim dn sau tng. B. Lc u tng dn sau gim.
C. Tng dn.
D. Gim dn.
Cu 89. Cho dung dch CH3COOH 0,1M. Nhn nh no sau y v pH ca dung
dch axit ny l ng:
A. Ln hn 1 nhng nh hn 7
B. Nh hn 1
C. Bng 7
D. Ln hn 7
C. BI TP CHNG S IN LI TRONG THI I HC QUA CC NM:
(Khi A &B - 2007) Cu 1: Cho dy cc cht: Ca(HCO3)2, NH4Cl,
(NH4)2CO3, ZnSO4, Al(OH)3, Zn(OH)2. S cht trong dy c tnh cht lng
tnh lA. 3.B. 5.C. 2.D. 4.
Cu 2: Cho m gam hn hp Mg, Al vo 250 ml dung dch X cha hn hp axit
HCl 1M v axit H2SO4 0,5M, thu c 5,32 lt H2 ( ktc) v dung dch Y (coi
th tch dung dch khng i). Dung dch Y c pH l
A. 1.
B. 6.
C. 7.
D. 2.
Cu 3: Trong cc dung dch: HNO3, NaCl, Na2SO4, Ca(OH)2, KHSO4,
Mg(NO3)2, dy gm cc cht
u tc dng c vi dung dch Ba(HCO3)2 l:A. HNO3, NaCl, Na2SO4.B.
HNO3, Ca(OH)2, KHSO4, Na2SO4.C. NaCl, Na2SO4, Ca(OH)2.D. HNO3,
Ca(OH)2, KHSO4, Mg(NO3)2.Cu 4: C th phn bit 3 dung dch: KOH, HCl,
H2SO4 (long) bng mt thuc th lA. giy qu tm.B. Zn.C. Al.D. BaCO3.
Cu 5: Dung dch HCl v dung dch CH3COOH c cng nng mol/l, pH ca hai
dung dch tng
ng l x v y. Quan h gia x v y l (gi thit, c 100 phn t CH3COOH th
c 1 phn t in li)A. y = 100x.B. y = 2x.C. y = x - 2.D. y = x + 2.Cu
6: Trn 100 ml dung dch (gm Ba(OH)2 0,1M v NaOH 0,1M) vi 400 ml dung
dch (gm
H2SO4 0,0375M v HCl 0,0125M), thu c dung dch X. Gi tr pH ca dung
dch X lA. 7.B. 2.C. 1.D. 6.
(Khi A v B - 2008) Cu 7: Cho cc cht: Al, Al2O3, Al2(SO4)3,
Zn(OH)2, NaHS, K2SO3, (NH4)2CO3. S cht u phn ng c vi dung dch HCl,
dung dch NaOH lA. 4.B. 5.C. 7.D. 6.
Cu 8: Cho dy cc cht: KAl(SO4)2.12H2O, C2H5OH, C12H22O11
(saccaroz), CH3COOH, Ca(OH)2, CH3COONH4. S cht in li lA. 4.
B. 5.
C. 2.
D. 3.
Cu 9: Trn ln V ml dung dch NaOH 0,01M vi V ml dung dch HCl 0,03
M c 2V ml dung dch Y. Dung dch Y c pH lA. 4.
B. 3.
C. 2.
D. 1.
Cu 10: Trn 100 ml dung dch c pH = 1 gm HCl v HNO3 vi 100 ml dung
dch NaOH nng a
(mol/l) thu c 200 ml dung dch c pH = 12. Gi tr ca a l (bit trong
mi dung dch [H+][OH-] = 10-14)
A. 0,15.B. 0,03.C. 0,12.D. 0,30.
(Khi A&B - 2009)Cu 11: Dy gm cc cht u tc dng c vi dung dch
HCl long l:A. KNO3, CaCO3, Fe(OH)3.B. FeS, BaSO4, KOH.
C. AgNO3, (NH4)2CO3, CuS.D. Mg(HCO3)2, HCOONa, CuO.Cu 12: C nm
dung dch ng ring bit trong nm ng nghim: (NH4)2SO4, FeCl2, Cr(NO3)3,
K2CO3, Al(NO3)3. Cho dung dch Ba(OH)2 n d vo nm dung dch trn. Sau
khi phn ng kt thc, s ng nghim c kt ta l
A. 4.B. 2.C. 5.D. 3.
Cu 13: Trn 100 ml dung dch hn hp gm H2SO4 0,05M v HCl 0,1M vi
100 ml dung dch hn hp gm NaOH 0,2M v Ba(OH)2 0,1M, thu c dung dch
X. Dung dch X c pH l
A. 13,0.B. 1,2.C. 1,0.D. 12,8.
Cu 14: Cho dung dch X cha hn hp gm CH3COOH 0,1M v CH3COONa 0,1M.
Bit 25 oC,Ka ca CH3COOH l 1,75.10-5 v b qua s phn li ca nc. Gi tr
pH ca dung dch X 25 oC lA. 1,00.B. 4,24.C. 2,88.D. 4,76.(Khi
A&B - 2010)Cu 15: Cho dung dch X gm: 0,007 mol Na+; 0,003 mol
Ca2+; 0,006 mol Cl; 0,006 mol HCO3 v 0,001 mol NO3. loi b ht Ca2+
trong X cn mt lng va dung dch cha a gam Ca(OH)2. Gi tr ca a lA.
0,180.B. 0,120.C. 0,444.D. 0,222.Cu 16. Dung dch X c cha: 0,07 mol
Na+, 0,02 mol SO42- v x mol OH-. Dung dch Y c cha ClO4-, NO3- v y
mol H+; tng s mol ClO4- v NO3- l 0,04. Trn X v Y c 100ml dung dch
Z. Dung dch Z c pH (b qua s in li ca nc) lA. 1.B. 12. C. 13. D.
2.
Cu 17: Cho dung dch Ba(HCO3)2 ln lt vo cc dung dch: CaCl2,
Ca(NO3)2, NaOH, Na2CO3,
KHSO4, Na2SO4, Ca(OH)2, H2SO4, HCl. S trng hp c to ra kt ta
l
A. 6.
B. 7.
C. 4.
D. 5.
Cu 18: Dung dch X cha cc ion: Ca2+ , Na+, HCO - v Cl-, trong s
mol ca ion Cl- l 0,1. Cho 31/2 dung dch X phn ng vi dung dch NaOH
(d), thu c 2 gam kt ta. Cho 1/2 dung dch X
cn li phn ng vi dung dch Ca(OH)2 (d), thu c 3 gam kt ta. Mt khc,
nu un si n cn dung dch X th thu c m gam cht rn khan. Gi tr ca m
l
A. 7,47.
B. 9,21.
C. 9,26.
D. 8,79.
Cu 19: Dung dch axit fomic 0,007M c pH = 3. Kt lun no sau y khng
ng? A. Khi pha long 10 ln dung dch trn th thu c dung dch c pH=
4.
B. in li ca axit fomic trong dung dch trn l 14,29%. C. Khi pha
long dung dch trn th in li ca axit fomic tng.
D. in li ca axit fomic s gim khi thm dung dch HCl.
(Khi A&B - 2011). Cu 20: Cho dy cc cht: NaOH, Sn(OH)2,
Pb(OH)2, Al(OH)3, Cr(OH)3. S cht trong dy c tnh cht lng tnh lA.
4.B. 1.C. 3.D. 2.
Cu 21: Dung dch X gm 0,1mol H+, z mol Al3+, t mol NO3- v 0,02mol
SO42-. Cho 120ml dung dch Y gm KOH 1,2M v Ba(OH)2 0,1M vo X, sau
khi cc phn ng kt thc, thu c 3,732 gam kt ta. Gi tr ca z, t ln lt
l
A. 0,020 v 0,012.
B. 0,012 v 0,096. C. 0,020 v 0,120. D. 0,120 v 0,020.
Cu 22: Cho dy cc cht sau: Al, NaHCO3, (NH4)2CO3, NH4Cl, Al2O3,
Zn, K2CO3, K2SO4. C bao nhiu cht trong dy va tc dng c vi dung dch
HCl, va tc dng c vi dung dch NaOH?
A. 3.B. 5.C. 4.D. 2.
(Khi A&B - 2012)Cu 23: Cho dy cc cht: Al, Al(OH)3, Zn(OH)2,
NaHCO3, Na2SO4. S cht trong dy va phn ng c vi dung dch HCl, va phn
ng c vi dung dch NaOH lA. 5.B. 4.C. 3.D. 2.
Cu 24: Cho cc phn ng sau:
(a) FeS + 2HCl FeCl2 + H2S
(b) Na2S + 2HCl 2NaCl + H2S(c) 2AlCl3 + 3Na2S + 6H2O 2Al(OH)3 +
3H2S + 6NaCl(d) KHSO4 + KHS K2SO4 + H2S(e) BaS + H2SO4 (long) BaSO4
+ H2SS phn ng c phng trnh ion rt gn S2- + 2H+ H2S l
A. 1.B. 3.C. 2.D. 4.
Cu 25: Mt dung dch gm: 0,01 mol Na+; 0,02 mol Ca2+; 0,02 mol
HCO3- v a mol ion X (b qua s in li ca nc). Ion X v gi tr ca a l
A. NO3- v 0,03.B. Cl- v 0,01.C. CO32- v 0,03.
D. OH- v 0,03.
Cu 26: Dung dch cht X khng lm i mu qu tm; dung dch cht Y lm qu
tm ha xanh. Trn
ln hai dung dch trn thu c kt ta. Hai cht X v Y tng ng l
A. KNO3 v Na2CO3.B. Ba(NO3)2 v Na2CO3.C. Na2SO4 v BaCl2.D.
Ba(NO3)2 v K2SO4.p n:
1.D2.A3.B4.D5.D6.B7.B8.A9.C10.C
11.D12.D13.A14.D15.D16.A17.A18.D19.A20.A
21.C22.B23.B24.A25.A26.B
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