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Th vin trc tuyn Lib4U.net

LI CM N!

---------------- ------------------

Qua 2 nm hc tp v rn luyn ti trng Cao ng Phng ng n nayem hon thnh kha hc. Vi lng bit n su sc ca mnh em xin chnthnh cm n s gip tn tnh ca ton th cc thy c gio trong ngnhin T - Vin Thng trng Cao ng Phng ng cng nh cc thy cti trng trung hcChnh Vin Thng v CNTT II ging dy v hngdn em trong sut qu trnh hc tp cng nh hon thnh bo co tt nghipny. ng cm n cc anh ch ti trung tm vin thng Bc Tam K tomi iu kin v tn tnh gip em trong sut qu trnh thc tp. V thigian c hn v kin thc cn hn ch nn bo co ny ca em chc chnkhng th trnh khi nhng thiu st. Em rt mong nhn c s gp ,nh gi ca thy c v cc bn cng lp em hon thnh tt bn bo cony!

Tam K, ngy thng nm 2010

Sinh vin thc hin

Ng Thanh Hng

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LI M U

S pht trin ca h tng c s thng tin l yu t quan trng thc ynn kinh t pht trin v gp phn nng cao i sng x hi ca con ngi.C th ni lnh vc vin thng lm thay i b mc, tnh cch ca trit, l hin thc ha kh nng lin kt ca mi ngi, mi quc gia, gnkt mi ngi vi nhau nh mt mng li vin thng v hnh v hu hnhtrn khp tri t v v tr. S hi t trong lnh vc vin thng cng vi s

pht trin ca x hi, nhu cu s dng v truyn d liu ca con ngi cngtng ln rt nhanh. Ngnh vin thng v ang ng mt vai tr ln laotrong vic vn chuyn tri thc, thc y qu trnh sng to a thng tin

khp ni v tt c cc lnh vc t khoa hc, cng ngh, gii tr cng nh sckhe Vin thng em li s hi t, hay s thng nht v cc loi hnhtruyn d liu nh thoi, video( truyn hnh qung b v truyn hnh theoyu cu), theo d liu internet bng thng rng thc y ngnh cng nghthng tin pht trin ln mt mc cao hn vi a dng cc loi dch v v chi

ph r hn. To nn mt th gii gn hn, xua i mi tr ngi v khongcch a l v to ra nhiu c hi giao lu v hp tc vn ha, x hi, kinht

Qua thi gian thc tp chng em l sinh vin ca nghnh in t vin thngmt phn no tha mn c nhng kin thc v nghnh ngh ca mnh.

Qua thc nghim em rt ra c nhng bi hc kinh nghim qu gi lmtin u tin cho s pht trin ngh nghip ca ring mnh v gp phnvo s pht trin nghnh in t vin thng ca t nc trong thi k hinnay. V sau y l ni dung bo co ca em!

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NI DUNG BO CO!

Phn I:C S L LUN (CP VIN THNG)I. Cu to v ng dng cc loi cp vin thng.1 Cp ng1.1 Cp ng trca. Cu to

Hnh 1: Co to cp ng trc- Lp 1- Lp li ( Conducting core): cht liu c lm bng ng dng truyn tn hiu in.- Lp 2 ( Insulation): lm bng cht cch in ( lp nha PVC, Teflon), lpny bo v dy li v l lp cch in vi lp th 3- Lp 3 (Copper wire mesh or aluminum sleeve): l lp bc kim, tc dngchng nhiu xuyn m, v cng l ng dy mt. Thng lm bng cht

hp kim hay nhm.- Lp ngoi ( Outer shield): lm bng nha PVC chng s xm nhp cahi nc,chng s ph hy c hc.b. ng dngDng truyn tn hiu in khong cch xa, s dng trong mng truynhnh, kt ni gia cc tng i1.2 Cp xon i (Twisted pair)a. cu to- Cp xon i l loi cp gm nhiu cp dy ng xon li vi nhau nhmchng pht x nhiu in t t bn ngoi,

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- nu khng xon li vi nhau th tn hiu s cng pha nn bin tng dnn nhiu.- nu xon li th tn hiu s cho nhau ngc pha nhau nn nhiu b trittiu.

- T s pht x ca loi cp UTP v s xuyn m(Crosstalk) gia nhng cpcp lin k.- C 2 loi cp xon i:+ Cp xon i c v bc chng nhiu STP+ Cp xon i khng c v bc chng nhiu UTP

Cp STP (Shielded Twisted - Pair): Gm nhiu cp xon c ph bnngoi 1 lp v lm bng dy ng bn. Lp v ny c chc nng chngnhiu t bn ngoi v chng pht x nhiu bn trong. Lp chng nhiuny c ni t thot nhiu. Tc trn l thuyt 500Mbps v trn

thc t 155Mbps vi chiu di 100m. S dng u ni DIN (DB-9),RJ45.

Hnh 2: cu to cp c v bc chng nhiu- UTP

Cp UTP (Unshielded Twisted - Pair): Gm nhiu cp xon nh cpSTP nhng n khng c lp v bc chng nhiu. di ti a ca oncp l 100m. D b nhiu khi t gn cc thit b nh: ng dy in

cao th, nhiu xuyn knh S dng u ni RJ45.

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Hnh 3: cu to cp khng c v bc chng nhiu- UTP

b. ng dng

Dng truyn tn hiu khong cch gn, kt ni trong mng LAN kt nigia cc computer vi nhau, computer vi modul, switch

2 Cp quanga. Cu to

Cp quang cu to gm 3 b phn chnh:+ li (core).+ lp phn x nh sng (cladding).+ lp v bo v chnh (primary coating hay cn gi coating, primary

buffer).- Core c lm bng si thy tinh hoc plastic dng truyn dn nh

sng.- Bao bc core l cladding - lp thy tinh hay plastic - nhm bo v

v phn x nh sng tr li core.- Primary coating l lp v nha PVC gip bo v core v cladding

khng b bi, m, try xc.Hai loi cp quang ph bin l:

GOF (Glass Optical Fiber) - cp quang lm bng thu tinh

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POF (Plastic Optical Fiber) - cp quang lm bng plastic.- POF c ng knh core kh ln khong 1mm, s dng cho truyn dn tnhiukhong cch ngn, mng tc thp. Trn cc ti liu k thut, bnthng thy cp quang GOF ghi cc thng s 9/125m, 50/125m hay

62,5/125m, y l ng knh ca core/cladding; cn primary coating cng knh mc nh l 250m.- Bo v si cp quang l lp v ngoi gm nhiu lp khc nhau ty theocu to, tnh cht ca mi loi cp. Nhng c ba lp bo v chnh l:

+ lp chu lc ko (strength member).+ lp v bo v ngoi (buffer).+ lp o gip (jacket)

- Strengthmember l lp chu nhit, chu ko cng, thng lmt cc si Kevlar.

- Buffer thng lm bng nha PVC, bo v trnh va p, mt.- Jacket c kh nng chu va p, nhit v chu mi mn, bo v

phn bn trong trnh m t v cc nh hng t mi trng. Miloi cp, ty theo yu cu s dng s c thm cc lp jacket khcnhau

b. Phn loi

Phn loi Cp quang: Gm hai loi chnh:

* Multimode (a mode)

- Multimode stepped index (chit xut bc): Li ln (100 micron), cc tiato xung nh sng c th i theo nhiu ng khc nhau trong li: thng,zig-zag ti im n s nhn cc chm tia ring l, v vy xung d b modng.

- Multimode graded index (chit xut lin tc): Li c ch s khc x gimdn t trong ra ngoi cladding. Cc tia gn trc truyn chm hn cc tia gn

cladding. Cc tia theo ng cong thay v zig-zag. Cc chm tia ti im hit, v vy xung t b mo dng.

* Single mode (n mode)

Li nh (8 mocron hay nh hn), h s thay i khc x thay i t li racladding t hn multimode. Cc tia truyn theo phng song song trc. Xungnhn c hi t tt, t mo dng.

c. c im

- Pht: Mt it pht sng (LED) hoc lasertruyn d liu xung nh sngvo cp quang.

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- Nhn: s dng cm ng quang chuyn xung nh sng ngc thnh data.

- Cp quang ch truyn sng nh sng (khng truyn tn hiu in) nnnhanh, khng b nhiu v b nghe trm.

- suy dn thp hn cc loi cp ng nn c th ti cc tn hiu i xahng ngn km.- Ci t i hi phi c chuyn mn nht nh- Cp quang v cc thit b i km rt t tin so vi cc loi cp ngd. ng dng* MultimodeS dng cho truyn ti tn hiu trong khong cch ngn, bao gm:- Step index: dng cho khong cch ngn, ph bin trong cc n soi trong- Graded index: thng dng trong cc mng LAN* Single modeDng cho khong cch xa hng nghn km, ph bin trong cc mng inthoi, mng truyn hnh cp.e. u im- Mng hn - Cp quang c thit k c ng knh nh hn cp ng.- Dung lng ti cao hn - Bi v si quang mng hn cp ng, nhiu siquang c th c b vo vi ng knh cho hn cp ng. iu nycho php nhiu knh i qua cp ca bn.- Suy gim tn hiu t - Tn hiu b mt trong cp quang t hn trong cp

ng.- Tn hiu nh sng - Khng ging tn hiu in trong cp ng, tn hiu nhsng t si quang khng b nhiu vi nhng si khc trong cng cp. iuny lm cho cht lng tn hiu tt hn.- S dng in ngun t hn - Bi v tn hiu trong cp quang gim t, my

pht c th s dng ngun thp hn thay v my pht vi in th cao cdng trong cp ng.- Tn hiu s - Cp quang l tng thch hp ti thng tin dng s m c

bit hu dng trong mng my tnh.

- Khng chy - V khng c in xuyn qua Cp quang, v vy khng cnguy c ha hn xy ra.f. Nhc im- Ni cp kh khn, dy cp dn cng thng cng tt.- Chi ph - Chi ph hn ni v thit b u cui cao hn so vi cp ng

II. Tm hiu cp quang trong thc t-Cp si quang th sng ca hng TCFO hon ton p ng tt nht cc tiuchunITU-T G.652 chun D, cc ch tiu ca IEC v tiu chun ngnh TCN 68-160: 1996.

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1 Cp di nc1.1 Cu trc ca cpa. c tnh k thut ca cng ngh ng m lng

- Si quang c bo v bng lp bo v nguyn thy (s cp) s c ttrong 1 lp bo v th 2 (th cp), gi l ng m (buffer tube).- ng m ny c th cha c 1 hoc nhiu si quang ln n 12 si (ngm ng knh 2,0mm th cha c ti a 6 si quang v ng m ngknh 2,6mm th cha c ti a 12 si quang), si quang nm lng trongng, cc si quang nm v tr tm ca ng m, do phi bn vo thnh licp nn cc ng m c chiu di ln hn, chiu di tng thm ph thucvo bn knh bn ca li, ng knh ng v bc khi bn. Chnh v vy,nu mt lc ko tc ng ln cp th s gin di ca cp s khng to ra sccng ca si quang v khng lm tng suy hao cho si quang.- ng m c lm y bng cc hp cht chng m, chng nm mc,

khng dn in, cht Gel c bit chng s sm nhp ca nc v chngnc lu li. Cht Gel ny vi hp cht dung mi khng gy c hi sd dng ty ra cc bi bn v cc cht bm bn ngoi. K thut ca cngngh ng m lng cng l cu trc tt nht cho si cp v s gin n ra cacp di s tc ng ca nhit . Cu trc ny cng cung cp s bo v ttnht chng li cc lc ko ngang. Vi cu trc ny si quang s bo v mtcch tt nht, khng b nh hng bi mt tc ng bt k bn ngoi.

b. m mu ca si quangSi quang 1: Xanh dng Si quang 2: CamSi quang 3: Xanh Lc Si quang 4: Nu

Si quang 5: Tro Si quang 6: TrngSi quang 7: Si quang 8: enSi quang 9: Vng Si quang 10: TmSi quang 11: Hng Si quang 12: Xanh bin

c. m mu ca ng mng m 1: Xanh dngng m 3: Xanh lcng m 5: Trong m 2: Camng m 4: Nu

* Quy lut m mu

tt Xanh dng cam xanh l cy nu xm tro

Trng 1 2 3 4 5

6 7 8 9 10

en 11 12 13 14 15

Vng 16 17 18 19 20

Tm 21 22 23 24 25

1.2 lp v cp

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- Mt lp nhm bao quanh li cp chng li s xm nhp ca nc. Phabn ngoica lp nhm l lp v nha lm bng hp cht PE c dy 1mm.- Tip theo l lp v thp dy 0.25 mm c ph mt lp nha plastic chai mt. Ngoi cng l lp v PE dy 1.5 mm cha thnh phn Carbon en

v cc hp cht chng li tia cc tm t nh sng mt tri, khng chonm mc pht trin v c th trnh trc cc vt nt, l thng v cp lpphng ca lp v bn ngoi.- Ngoi ra, lp v cp cn c kh nng cch in cao (> 20 KVDC hay 10KVAC trong 5 pht) v chng cn trng gm nhm.- Nhn c in trn b mt ca v cp ti mi mt mt theo chiu di casi.V d nh: TCFO 2007 OFC/SM/DB(D)-24F QDTEK 4000mTn nh my sn xut : TCFO

Nm sn xut : 2007Chng loi cp: OFC/SM/DB-24FTn ca n v i tc: QDTEKS mt ca chiu di : 40000m

1.3 thng s k thut

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1.4 ng dng

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S dng trong mng din rng (mng WAN), mng ton cu ( mng GAN).

2. CP SI QUANG CHN TRC TIP PHI KIM LOI (DBNM)

(FOCAL)

Cp si quang chn trc tip hon ton phi kim c cu trc c thit knhm p ng mt cch tt nht cc yu cu k thut ca tiu chun ITUTG.652, cc ch tiu ca IEC, EIA v tiu chun ngnh TCN 68-160: 1996.

2.1Cu trc cp

S si: T 2 n 96 si quang n mode.- Bc sng hot ng ca si quang : 1310 nm v 1550 nm.- Phn t chu lc phi kim loi trung tm.- ng m cha v bo v si quang c lm theo cng ngh ng mlng.- ng m c cha si quang c bn theo phng php SZ chung quanh

phn t chu lc trung tm (bn 2 lp).- Cc khong trng gia si v b mt trong ca lng ng m c iny bng mt hp cht c bit chng s thm nhp ca nc.- Lp si tng hp chu lc phi kim loi bao quanh li.

- Lp nha PolyEthylene bo v trong.- Lp v cng ngoi bng nha PolyAmide Mu Cam hoc en (Nylon 12) chng mi mt.- Thch hp cho chn trc tip hon ton phi kim loi (DBNM) v chn lunng (DU).

2.2c tnh k thut

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III. Cch ni cp quangCch thc hin 1 mi hn: gm 4 bc c bnBc 1: Chun b si quangBc 2: Ct siBc 3: t nng siBc 4: Bo v siBc 1: Chun b si quang- B tt c cc lp ch cn cha li hai lp c bn ca si quang lpli(Core) v lp bc(cladding). K tip l lau sch si bng alcohol 90.

Yu cu phi t c sch cao.Bc 2: Ct siThc hin vt ct thng.Yu cu vt ct l: mt ct phng, khng m, khngli mp, mt ct khng dnh bi hay cc cht bn, mt ct phi vung gcvi trc ca si

- u tin dng dao ct si- Tip theo ko hoc b cong si to 1 vt gy kho.

Do yu cu v chnh xc cao nn cc con dao tt ng gi t 1000$-4000$ !!!

Bc 3: t nng si: Gm 2 bc nhim v chnh l:1. Xp thng hng hai si quang (iu chnh cho 2 si quang ng trc)2. Phng tia la in t nng hai u si nhm thc hin s hn ni.Bc 4: Bo v siMt mi hn tt khng b b gy trong qu trnh x l bnh thng. Mt mihn in hnh c lc ko cng t 0.5 n 1.5lbs nhng n phi c bo vkhi b un cong v lc ko cng. Trong mi hn ring r c bo v bngng nhit co (heat shrinkable tube) hoc mt thnh phn vt l khc.

Phn II: C S THC TIN

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UB TINSN

NG

TUN

NG

TIN

TRNG

T.PH

ONG

BAL

IN

NG

LM

C

YSANH

DCTR

ANH

SUICAN

NG

TM

UBT.MY

NG

NHN

TRNG

CP3

NGLONG UBT.CM

CT TRU

BAAXNGDU

UBTINLC

NGTUT

BNHVIN

NGTIN

XNGCA

HUYNUY

THUY

NGKIU

NGHA

NGBNH

TRNGT.CHU

NGHIP

NGTR

NGHIP

NGNIN

TRNGT.CHU

NGNHO

DCD

NGNAM

CNGL

NGTR

BAHU

GINGL

NGHATRANG

UB.T.CHU

NG PHUNG

THN1T.CHU

SUI TRU

LM TRNG

TRAI D

DC TRANH

NGHAI

NG NNGBT.CM

NGNGUYN

NGCHIU

NGQU

TRNGT.HA

DCSI

NGHAI

NGSA

DCBI

CYGAO

TRAMBM

TRAMXA

NGHOA

CYGIO

EOLU

NGXUN

NGPHUNG

NGTN

BT.HIP

NHATH

CHUA

DCMUU

THUYLI

NG DN

TRNG

CUHUYNH

NGHOA

NGCNG

UBT.CANH

THN4T.CANH

NGVU

SONGONG

NG QUANG

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BATM

BAIN XNG

MC

CYGAO

BAANH

SAULN

NGHAO

TRNGCAP1 NGBU

NGTN

GIAODUC

NGPHONG NGQUANG

CNG ANNGA4CH

BALAI

NGKHA

SNG TINBALIN

BU IN

U.B HUYN

30x2x0.5

=1000m

30x2x0.5=150m.10.2000

50x2x0

.5=1000m

20x2x0.5=500m 50x2x0

.5=1000m

30x2x0

.5=1000m

30x2x0

.5=1000m

30x2x0

.5=1000

m

30x2x0.5

=1000m

30x2x0

.5=1000m

30x2x0

.5=1000m

30x2x0

.5=1000m

20x2x0

.5=1000m

20x2x0

.5=1000m

30x2x0.5

=1000m

30x2x0

.5=150m

20x2x0.5=500m

20x2x0.5=500m

20x2x0.5=500m

20x2x0.5=700m

20x2x0.5=1000m20x2x0.5=800m

20x2x0.5=1000m

10x2x0.5=1000m

20x2x0.5=900m

20x2x0.5=900m

20x2x0.5=900m

20x2x0.5=900m

10x2x0.5=1000m20x2x0.5=900m

20x2x0.5=2000m20x2x0.5=1400m20x2x0.5=600m20

x2x0

.5=500

m

20x2x0.5=1000m50x2x0.9=1000m

30x2x0.5=500m

50x2x0.9=1000m

50x2x0.9=1200m

50x2x0.9=1500m

50x2x0.9=1500m

50x2x0.9=1500m

50x2x0.9=1000m

30x2x0.9=300m

20x2x0

.5=500m

50x2x0

.9=

700m

20x2x0.5=1000m

50x2x0.9=1000m

50x2x0.5=1000m

50x2x0.5=1000m

30x2x0.5=500m

20x2x0.5=1000m

20x2x0.5=1000m

20x2x0.5=1000m

20x2x0.5=1000m

20x2x0.5=500m

50x2x0.5=1000m

50x2x0.5=1000m

50x2x0.5=1000m

50x2x0.5=1000m

50x2x0.5=1000m

50x2x0.5=1000m

20x2x0.5=100m

20x2x0.5=1000

20x2x0.5=1000

20x2x0.5=1000m

20x2x0.5=1000m

50x2x0.5=500m

20x2x0.5=500m

20x2x0.5=500m

30x2x2x0.5=800m

30x2x2x0.5=1000m

30x2x2x0.5=1000m

30x2x0.5=1000m

20x2x0.5=1000m

20x2x0.5=1000m

10x2x0.5=1000m

20x2x0.5=500m

20x2x0.5=500m

20x2x0.5=500m

20x2x0.5=500m

30x2x0.5=500m

30x2x0.5

=500m

10x2x0.5=800m30x2x0.5=500m

50x2x0.5

=1000m

30x2x0.5=1000m

30x2x0.5=1000m

30x2x0.5=500m

30x2x0.5=500m

20x2x0.5=1000m

20x2x0.5=250m

50x2x0.5=750m

20x2x0.5=250m30x2

x0.5=100

0m

30x2x0.5=

1000m

50x2x0.5=250m

30x2x0.5=250m

200x2x0. 4=700m

100x2x2x0.4=540m

NG HA

200x2x0.4=700m

1

0 0 x 2 x 0

. 4 = 7

0 0 m

100x2x0.4=200m

CHCUCAFKT

20x2x0

.5=250m

.11.02

30x2x0.5=200m

.11.01

BATN

XNG CA

30x2x0.5

=250m.10

.96

30x2x0.5=250m.10.96

NGTNNGLIM

20x2x0.5=150m.11.02

30x2x0.5=500m.11.02

NG HA

CNG AN

50x2x0

.5=150

m.1

0.01

20x2x0

.5=150m

.10.0

1

NGKHANH

NGHIU

10x2x0.5=300m

10x2x0.5=300m

NG KIM

NG THNG10x2x0.5=300mGHI CHU:

-Capcu:

-CapMi:

-HpCapCu:

-HpCapMi:


I. S mng vin thng Bc Tam K:

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II. Tng quan v mng vin thng Qung Nam:1. Gii thiu vin thng Qung Nam

Qung Nam l mt tnh ven bin thuc vngNam Trung BVit Namc ta a l khong 10802616 n 10804404 kinh ng v t

150

2338 n 150

3843 v bc. Pha bc gip thnh ph Nng vtnh Tha Thin-Hu, pha nam gip tnh Qung Ngi v tnh Kon Tum,pha ng gipbin ng, pha ty gip tnh Skoong ca nc CHDCNDLo. Trung tm hnh chnh ca tnh l thnh ph Tam K. Qung Nam niting vi hai di sn vn ha th gii l Hi An v M Sn.

Cc dch v c bn ca vin thng Qung Nam cung cp:Cho thu knh ring.Cc dch v cng thm trn mng in thoi c nh, di ng.

Gii thiu dch v Internet.Gii thiu cc dch v th: Card phone, 1719, ifoneGii thiu dch v in thoi c nh khng dy Gphone.Gii thiu cc dch v ca Vinaphone.

Hin nay vin thng cho thu knh ring trn 2 gc , l ngtruyn quang, vi ba v ng truyn cp ng.

Cc dch v cng thm trn mng TC Quay s rt gn

Quay t 1 n 3 ch s thay v phi quay c dy s, i khi rt di v khnh, nht l khi gi quc t.

Ch dng cho my in thoi n h tone. Bn phm c cc phm t 0 n 9,cn c 2 phm chc nng l phm *, phm #.

Cch s dng :- Lp trnh: * 15 * ST * ST #- Quay s: * * STHy b: # 15 * ST #Trong :ST : s tt do khch hng t chn.

ST : s in thoi y m khch hng mun rt gn. Bo thc t ng (bo chung hn gi) My in thoi s thc hin chc nng nh mt ng h bo thc, rengchung khi n gi hn m ch my ci t trc.

Cch s dng :- Lp trnh: * 55 * ggpp #- Hy b: # 55 #

Trong :gg : ch gi (t 00 n 23)

pp : ch pht ( t 00 n 59)ng k trn my in thoi trc gi hn t nht 15 pht

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http://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=V%C3%B9ng_Trung_Trung_B%E1%BB%99_Vi%E1%BB%87t_Nam&action=edit&redlink=1http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vi%E1%BB%87t_Namhttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%C3%A0_N%E1%BA%B5nghttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%E1%BB%ABa_Thi%C3%AAn-Hu%E1%BA%BFhttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qu%E1%BA%A3ng_Ng%C3%A3ihttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kon_Tumhttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bi%E1%BB%83n_%C4%90%C3%B4nghttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A0ohttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tam_K%E1%BB%B3http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Di_s%E1%BA%A3n_th%E1%BA%BF_gi%E1%BB%9Bihttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%E1%BB%99i_Anhttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%E1%BB%B9_S%C6%A1nhttp://lib4u.net/http://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=V%C3%B9ng_Trung_Trung_B%E1%BB%99_Vi%E1%BB%87t_Nam&action=edit&redlink=1http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vi%E1%BB%87t_Namhttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%C3%A0_N%E1%BA%B5nghttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%E1%BB%ABa_Thi%C3%AAn-Hu%E1%BA%BFhttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qu%E1%BA%A3ng_Ng%C3%A3ihttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kon_Tumhttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bi%E1%BB%83n_%C4%90%C3%B4nghttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A0ohttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tam_K%E1%BB%B3http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Di_s%E1%BA%A3n_th%E1%BA%BF_gi%E1%BB%9Bihttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%E1%BB%99i_Anhttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%E1%BB%B9_S%C6%A1nhttp://lib4u.net/


15/50


Thng bo vng nhSau khi lp trnh, my s t ng thng bo "ch nh hin ang i vng"

khi c cuc gi n.Cch s dng :

- Lp trnh: * 25 #- Hy b: # 25 #Ghi ch:Li bo vng nh s bo lin tc khi c cuc gi cho n khi ch

ci c hy b. Chuyn cuc gi tm thi

Dch v ny gip khch hng gi lin lc vi my in thoi ca mnh nh, c quan m khng phi hin din ti ni t my. Sau khi c lptrnh, mi cuc gi n s c chuyn sang mt my khc (c th l myc nh, di ng, hoc v tuyn c nh) do khch hng ch nh. C 3 dng

chuyn cuc gi vi cch s dng nh sau:Cch s dng :- Chuyn tc thi : Lp trnh: * 21 * s T #

Hy b: # 21 #- Chuyn khi my bn : Lp trnh: * 24 * s T #

Hy b: # 24 #- Chuyn sau 5 hi chung : Lp trnh: * 25 * s T #

Hy b: # 25 #S T l s my m khch hng mun chuyn cuc gi n

Nu mun ni chuyn tay ba vi B v C, nhp cn chnh lu, bm s 3. Dch v in thoi 3 bn (T hi ngh)

Ngi ng k dch v ny c th gi cng lc hai s my khc nhau 3ngi cng m thoi. Cch s dng:

Thu bao A (c ng k dch v) gi thu bao B, bo B ch. Nhp cn chnh lu, quay s gi thu bao C.

Nu A mun ni chuyn lun phin vi B hoc C, nhp cn chnh lu,bm s 2.

Nu mun ni chuyn tay ba vi B v C, nhp cn chnh lu, bm s 3.

ng dy nng Thun tin cho nhng khch hng c nhu cu lin lc thng xuyn vimt my in thoi. Ch cn nhc ng nghe, in thoi ca khch hng sc kt ni vi 1 my nh trc ngay lp tc hoc sau 05 giy.

Ghi ch:Khch hng phi xc nh s in thai cn kt ni s dngdch v ny. Khi s dng dch v, my in thoi ca khch hng khng thlin lc vi s in thai no khc ngoi s in thoi ng k. Dch vny khch hng ch cn ng k vi tng i, khng cn thao tc trn myin thoi.

Cp tn hiu o cc tnh ccDch v ny gip khch hng qun l v tnh cc chnh xc trong trng

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16/50


hp khch hng c thu cc ca ngi s dng theo qui nh Nh nc.Tn hiu dng cho cc thit b tnh cc, my m xung cc ti cc myin thoi cng cng, cc khch sn, trung k tng i ni b.

Truy tm s my gi n

Dch v ny gip ch my in thai bit c s my gi n bng cchnhp cn chnh lu (b phn nm di tay nghe c tc dng cho php thchin cuc gi khi tay nghe c nhc ln v cho php nhn cuc gi khi btay nghe gc ln) hoc khng cn ty tng i, trong khi vn gi c cucm thai. Nu cuc gi trong phm vi ton quc th Bu in c th tm ras my ch gi.

Cch s dng:Khi c cuc gi n, ngi s dng in thoi (c ng k dch v) nhc

ng nghe v nhp cn chnh lu hoc c th khng cn nhp cn chnh lu,

ty h tng i, tng i ghi nhn s in thoi gi n.Ngi c gi gi n tng i lin quan c cung cp s inthoi gi n.

To nhm lin t (nhm trt)Dch v ny thun tin cho cc hng taxi, khch sn, doanh nghip, ... c

nhiu s in thai giao dch. thun tin trong giao dch kinh doanh,khch hng ch cn thng bo mt s in thoi (my ci). Nu c nhiucuc gi n s my ny cng mt lc, cc cuc gi s c t ng chuynn cc s my khc ang ri ca khch hng.

Tch nhm lin tc Trng hp khch hng s dng dch v nhm lin t, nay cn 1 sin thoi lin lc m khng ph thuc vo nhm lin t, dch v nygip tch 1 s in thai trong nhm lin t thnh 1 s in thoi c lp.

Hin th s my gi nCho php ch my in thoi (c ng k dch v) bit c s my gi

n thng qua mn hnh ca my in thai c tnh nng ny hoc trn hphin th s gi n c gn vo ng dy in thoi.

Ghi ch:Khch hng cn trang b my in thai c chc nng ny hoc hp hin

th s khi s dng dch vny.Dch v ny c thc hin sau 24h k t khi ng k. Khng cn thao

tc ci t trn my.

Hn ch gi i theo yu cuDch v ny gip khch hng qun l c vic s dng in thai cht

ch, trnh cc cuc gi pht sinh ngoi mun. Ch ng m hng gi khicn v ng li khi s dng xong.

+ Dng kha c nh

+ Dng m c nhn

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17/50


Cch s dng :- Kho : * 34 * M s * 2 #

- M : # 34 * M s #M s: gm 4 ch s khch hng ng k vi tng i.

Internet VNN 1268-1269VNN 1268: Dch v Gi VNN trong nc l dch v truy nhp Internetgin tip vo cc a ch trong nc, qun l v tnh cc theo s in thoitruy nhp.Li ch s dng dch v:

Rt thch hp vi nhng ngi ch c nhu cu s dng dch v trongnc. Khng b l mt khu : Do ngi s dng Account/Password chung,cng khai nn vic l mt khu b loi tr.VNN 1269: Dch v Gi VNN quc t l dch v truy nhp Internet gin

tip, c cung cp, qun l v tnh cc theo s in thoi truy nhp. Vidch v ny khch hng c th truy nhp v s dng c tt c cc tin chca dch v Internet thng thng.Li ch s dng dch v:

Rt thch hp vi mi nhu cu ca khch hng s dng dch vInternet. Khng b l mt khu: Do ngi s dng Account/Password chung,cng khai nn vic l mt khu b loi tr.

Internet VNN1260-1260PVNN 1260 : L dch v truy nhp v s dng Internet thng qua mngin thoi cng cng (PSTN) theo hnh thc thu bao vi mc cc thu bao

bng khng. Khch hng s c cung cp mt ti khon dng truy nhpv s dng cc dch v trn mng.

Internet v mt hm th in t min ph.

S in thoi truy nhp:1260-Tn truy nhp: (Username) khch hng ty chn khi ng k.- Mt khu truy nhp: (Password) mt khu c Bu in cung cp sau

khi hp ng c k.

Phm vi s dng:Trong v ngoi nc.VNN-1260P: Khc vi dch v Internet gin tip thng thng, viVNN1260-P ngi s dng c th kim sot mc chi tiu ca mnh bngcch thanh ton trc

cc ph cc ln truy cp Internet vo ti khon VNN1260-P ca mnh trongh thng. Khi thc hin kt ni, cc ph s c t ng tr dn trc tipvo s d ti khon. np thm tin vo ti khon, ch cn mua v s dng

cc th VNN1260-P. VNN1260-P c thit k em li nhiu tin li chokhch hng.

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18/50


MeGa VNNMegaVNN l g?

L dch v truy nhp Internet bng rng qua mng VNN do Tp on Buchnh Vin thng Vit Nam (VNPT) cung cp, dch v ny cho php khchhng truy nhp Internet vi tc cao da trn cng ngh ng dy thu

bao s bt i xng ADSLCc tin ch ca dch v Mega VNN?

Truy cp Internet bng cng ngh ADSLvt tri cc hnh thc truy cpInternet gin tip thng thng thng mi kha cnh:

Lun lun sn sng (always on): v s liu truyn i c lp vi vic giin thoi/Fax, ng vo Internet ca ADSL lun sn sng.

D dng, khng cn phi quay s, khng vo mng/Ra mng, khng quamng in thoi cng cng Khng phi tr cc ni ht.

u im v tc kt ni: Tc l 2Mbps cho ng ti d liu xungv 640Kbps cho ng a d liu ln mng ph hp hn vi ngi sdng phi thng xuyn khai thc thng tin trn Internet.Cng ngh ADSL c th phc v cho cc ng dng i hi phi truy cpInternet vi tc cao nh: Gio dc v o to t xa, xem video theo yucu, tr chi trc tuyn, nghe nhc, hi ngh truyn hnh,

Trnh c tnh trng vn phi tr cc khi qun ngt kt ni.

Khng tn hiu bn, khng thi gian ch.Vn c th nhn v gi in thoi khi ang truy nhp Internet.Gi r, dng n u tr n .Vn c a ch Email.

Qu khch s c h tr 24/24h, 7ngy/tun qua s in thoi min ph18001260

hoc 800126in thoi c nh khng dy Gphone- GPhone l dch v in thoi c nh khng dy

- Kt ni khng dy, chuyn dch d dng- Chi ph lp t v s dng thp- Tin ch phong ph: Nhn tin, hin th s ch gi, ch cuc gi,

chuyn cuc gi, kt ni Internet trong tng lai- Th tc lp t nhanh chng, thun tin- c bit ph hp vi nhng vng cha c cp in thoi.

Dch v in thoi th Vit Nam CardphoneDch v in thoi th Vit Nam Cardphone do cng ty Dch v Vinthng Vit Nam (VNP) m trch vic khai thc. Hin ti c khong 9.000

trm TCC dng th trn phm vi ton quc. Trn th trng ang bn rng

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19/50


ri cc loi th gi in thoi cng cng Cardphone vi mnh gi 30.000 50.000 100.000 150.000 ng.

Dch v thoi tr trc 1719 (Calling Card)Dch v thoi tr trc 1719 (Calling Card) l dch v gi in thoi ni

ht, ng di trong nc v quc t tr trc, ngi s dng ch cnmua mt th in thoi tr tin trc c mnh gi t 30.000 n200.000 ng l c th thc hin cuc gi t bt k my in thoi cnh no thng qua vic gi vo s dch v 1719. Cc ph s c trtrc tip vo ti khon th. Dch v 1719 bao gm thoi tr trc gi rcht lng VoIP 8Kbps v thoi tr trc cht lng cao nh PSTNtruyn thng cht lng cao theo chun TDM 64Kbps.

2. kin thc cn trang b cho ngi cng nhn:a. Kin thc an ton lao ng v bo h lao ng:

- Ngi cng nhn cn nm vng kin thc an ton lao ng v boh lao ng+ V kin thc an ton lao ng: Ngi cng nhn cn lm vng v lthuyt an ton lao ng khi tip xc vi cc loi in p gi khongcch khi thi hnh cng vic(theo l thuyt), Ra dy v ko dy vtng,vc thang i trn ng... lm sao gi an ton cho ngi tham giagiao thng.+ V bo h lao ng: Chp hnh ng qui tc bo h lao ng nh trang

phc khi tham gia lao ng nh: Qun o mc mu sm l tt nht, i dpc quay hu cch in tt hoc i giy c cch in...Dng c ccnhn cn chun b nh: Ti ng dng c(loi nhiu ngn v ln),km ct,km vn nng,dy an ton,ng h vn nng,my x l cnhn,dao Krone bn cp,bt th in, t vt, bu long leo ct(t nht 3cy), dy thu bao, dy nhy...ni chung ngi cng nhn khi i lm cn

phi chun b y dng c c nhn chuyn dng ca mnh khi cn n to iu kin thun li x l my cho khch hng mt cch nhanhnht.

b. Kin thc giao tip khch hng:- i vi ngi cng nhn khi i sa cha cn lm vng nhng kin thc

c bn v k thut cng nh cc dch v m n v mnh ang cung cpv sp cung cp,cc th tc khi khch hng cn cung cp dch v t tip th sao cho ph hp.Kin thc chm sc khch hng, l ngi cngnhn khi chm sc khch hng cn ch v cch n mc, i ng, cnhn ni... to ra s t tin cho bn thn v s hi lng cho khch hng khiang s dng dch v ca n v mnh v sp ti s s dng dch v can v mnh, cn phi bit mi c nhn ca ngi cng nhn l mt knh

bn hng, l mt

- knh giao tip khch hng, c bit l trong cc dp l, tt cn phic nhng li cho v chc cho khch hng... to ra mi tin cy

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20/50


gia nh cung cp dch v v ngi s sng dch v ca n vmnh.

c. Tm hiu v tham gia cng tc cng vic ca ngi cng nhn cp& ng dy thu bao:

- Nh gii thiu phn I. Ngi cng nhn( CN) khi i x l mycn phi mang theo cc dng c cc nhn m cn phi lm quen vi cngvic ca ngi cng nhn khi nhn c mt thng tin (phiu bo hng) cakhch hng theo cc qui trnh c bn sau

a/ Tip nhn phiu bo hng.b/ Dng my in thoi nghip v gi (Test ) th . Thng qua bo hiu

hi m chung ( bo hiu ng dy) m xc nh tnh trng h hng camy hoc ng dy. c my tnh trng bo hiu h hng c bn sau: Hichung ( a s l t dy tc khng thng mch), chp dy, chp t, hng

my... Ngi cng nhn cn c vo m phn Pan x l sao cho nhanhnht. Khi gi th xong ngi CN cn tin hnh cc bc tun t sau:c/ Qu trnh x l my bo hng c thc hin nh lu trn hnh

v.V d: Khi nhn my bo hng th ngi CN tin hnh kim tra ti

MDF nu:- Ti MDF v i hng th tin hnh sa cha v kt thc qu trnh sa

cha( vi iu kin phi lin lc vi khch hng tt).-Nu khng hng th tin hnh kim tra cp mng( Cp chnh, nhnh,

cp thu bao), nu hng th tin hnh sa cha kt thc qu trnh sa cha.-Nu khng hng th tin hnh kim tra dy thu bao, nu hng th tin

hnh sa cha kt thc qu trnh sa cha.-Nu khng hng tin hnh kim tra thit b u cui v sa cha u

cui (Nu c th). Kt thc qu trnh x l.d/ Thc t v cng tc x l my cho khch hng:- mc: C l qui trnh x l 1 my in thoi bo hng. Nhng trong

thc t th ngi CN cn phi lm vng mng cp a ra c d onv phn on c im ca tng thu bao (TB) m cn kim tra on no v

b qua on no a n hiu qu x l TB cho khch hng mt cch

nhanh nht.V d: 01 TB bo hng nhng c kt cui trn 1 tuyn cp tt th ta

nn b qua cng vic th cp m tin hnh th dy hoc my ca khchhng. ngc li nu nh thu bao c kt cui trn tuyn cp su th tann kim tra cp trc khi tin hnh kim tra dy v thit b u cui.

- Trong thc t thi tit ti tnh Kon tum c 2 ma ( ma nng v mama) nn cng tc sa cha cng cn phi p dng theo ma.

V d: Vo ma kh th dy t b hng hn ma ma nn ngi CN cnphi a ra d on c tnh dy ca tng nh TB m sa cha. Chng hn

nh TB A dy c di khng, c i qua nhiu cy ci khng hoc chngngi vt gy ra lm hng dy, dy c nhiu mi ni khng...Cc cu hi tnh

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21/50


hung lun phi t ra trong u ngi cng nhn a ra d on sao chochnh xc nht.Vo ma ma th cc mi ni rp hay b h hng do OXyho gy nn, hoc rng,xt thng xuyn xy ra th ngi CN c th b quaqui trnh th cp m c th n trc tip nh TB kim tra hoc x l ng

dy trc.y chnh l c im khc so vi l thuyt m iu ny ch p dngcho tng vng, min, a phng mang tnh c th v thi tit.

III. Tm hiu v mng ngoi vi v thit b u cuiMang ngoai vi la mot trong ba thanh phan chnh

la: He thong mang chuyen mach, he thong mangtruyen dan, he thong mang ngoai vi. Ba he thongnay cau thanh mang vien thong cua tong cong ty

Bu chnh - Vien thong Viet nam.Hien nay, Mang ngoai vi la phan cua mang li vienthong chu yeu nam ben ngoai nha tram vienthong, bao gom tat ca cac loai he thong: Capthong tin si ong, si quang c lap at theo cacphng thc treo, chon trc tiep, i ngam trong congbe, tha song, tha bien. Cac day tran, cac daycap va cac day cach ien c s dung lam daydan. Cac cot, cac thanh xa, cac vat va phan

cng c s dung lam cong cap, ho cap cdung e bao ve cac loai cap hien co ttren mangli. Ke ca nhng phng tien ho tr va bao vecua chung c goi la thiet b ngoai vi, nh sau:. Mang cap ong thue bao: Mang cap ong thue bao la he thong capthong tin si ong ket noi t nut chuyen mach(iem truy nhap) en nha thue bao. Mang bao gomcac thanh phan nh MDF, mang xong cap, phiennoi day, tu cap, hop cap, cap vao nha thue baova he thong cong be.

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Tngi

(ExchangEr)

MDF

Ham cap Tu cap Mang xongHop cap

Cap chnh Cap phuday thue bao

IEMTRUYNHAP


22/50


Hnh 2.1 : Cau truc n gian mang capong thue bao.

* Dan phoi tuyen: MDF (Main Distribution Frame )la ni tap trung tat ca cac ket cuoi au day cuacac cap trong mang. MDF thng c at gantong ai va la ni xuat phat cua tat ca cac capcho mang thue bao va cap lien tram ien thoai. MDFla ni tao s mem deo trong s au noi so thiet bthue bao vi tong ai va cung la ni kiem tra, oth mang cap.

* Ham, be cap nhap ai thng c xay dng

ngay di MDF tao s thuan li khi keo cap mi vaotong ai. Ham cap nay cung la ni thc hien cacmoi noi cap ngam (noi cap hoac noi re) taonen s mem deo. Thng hai ham cap cach nhautoi a la 50 en 70 met thong thng la 50 met/1ham,be.

* Cap chnh: La ni cap xuat phat t MDF entu cap ln va cung co the cap chnh i thang tMDF en hop cap cuoi cung (tap iem) e ennha thue bao (oi vi cac mang nho). Tren ngi chnh co the re en cac tu cap.

* Tu cap: La ni tap trung cac ket cuoi cuamot hay nhieu si cap chnh t MDF en va cungla ni tap trung cac cap phoi cua cac tap iemve. Tu cap co the la ni o th xac nh hhong, sa cha nhanh va linh hoat trong khi khu vccha co d bao nhu cau. Dung lng tu cap thng

la, 200,300, 400 600 ,1200 oi/ Tu

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23/50


* Cap phoi: la cap xuat phat t tu cap entap iem.

* Tap iem (tu cap) la ni ket cuoi cua mottuyen cap t tong ai i, la iem noi re tng oiday en nha thue bao. Tap iem co dung lngthng la100 oi 50 oi en 10 oi.

* ng day thue bao: la day noi t tap

iem en cac thiet b au cuoi cua nhathue bao. ng day thue bao gom day i ngoaitri, va day i trong nha. ng day thue baothng nho hn 300 met tnh t hop cap cuoi en

nha thue bao. So cap goc , cong be , va cot captai cac tram nh sau:

So lieu ve mang ngoai vi en 31/ 12 /2006:, Mang cap thue bao:a, mang cap chnh , 36.078 oi cap goc , chieu dai

57,180 Km* Hieu suat s dung la 81.14%b, Mang cap phoi 38.410 oi /549.967 met* Hieu suat s dung la 76.21%,c, He thong cong be:

Tong chieu dai cua he thong cap ngam la 40. 233met/ 1040 be cap cac loai,

* Ong cong cap la loai ong nha PVC phi 110/ 114dai 6 met/ ong,

d, He thong ng cot treo cap ,tong so cot la 5037 cot cac loai t 6,5 7 mettong so cap nhanh 50 oi den 20 oi la 200, 215

km,

1.Thit b ngoi vi

. Day dan:Khi mot cuoc am thoai hoac mot tin bao gi

FAX (Facimile) c thc hien hoan chnh qua motmach thoai, cac may ien thoai hay FAX tai hai auc ket noi vi nhau nh cac day kim loai sao cho

dong ien mang cac tn hieu thong tin co the luthong gia chung. Cac phng tien nay nh cac

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24/50


ng day cap ong thue bao va cac ng daycap quang thue bao nh: (cap nhap ai, cap capphoi, ng day thue bao) ong vai tro cac vatdan ien.

. ng day tren khong:Cac day cap ong, day cap quang va cac

day cach ien c s dung lam day dan. Caccay cot, kep moc cap cac day va phan cngc s dung lam cac phng tien va cac phukien khac luon chu cac anh hng rat ln vemoi mat. Mac du ng day truyen dan trenkhong co nhng nhc iem c ban

la anh hng cua moi trng t nhien vanhan tao, no van s dung mot cach rong rai, nochiem khoang 95% tnh Kon tum v cong trnh trenkhong thng rat kinh te so vi cac cong trnhngam. Tuy nhien oi vi cong trnh tren khong canphai co u o an toan va chac chan e chong lainhng ieu kien khac nghiet do thien nhien tacong vao.

ng day ngam:ng day ngam thng la s dung oi vi

cac cap c chon sau di long at chong cnhng s pha hoai cua thien nhien va nhan tao.Chung c at trong mot ng cong. oi ving day ngam th chi ph at gap 3 lan so ving day treo nen thng c at gan ni nhapai va cac khu vc co ong ngi qua lai.

Do can phai at ong cap phan tan ng daythue bao trong cac vung thanh pho ln v cac ieukien moi trng, cho nen ng day ngam ganay tang len.

He thong bao ve:He thong bao ve bao gom ham (be) ho,

cong cap, cot be tong va cac vat lieu cap,tu cap, tap iem, cac trang thiet b chong set chocap ong, cap quang va cac thiet b khac tren

mang vien thong.

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25/50


. Ham cap, be cap* Ham cap:Ham cap thng at di MDF co

dien tch mat san bang mat san cua MDF va osau toi thieu la 2,2 met, phai bao am o thongthoang kh, chieu sang, thoat nc, chong tham, nenham co o doc e nc don ve ho tu nc thuanli cho viec bm nc ra ngoai khi can thiet.

* Be cap: Be cap nam di at xay bang gachhoac be tong, c at tren cac tuyen cap ngams dung cho luc thi cong cap i qua, co the la nicha cac cap d tr khi can thiet, ni re nhanhcap i cac hng. Khoang cach gia 2 be cap t

50 met - 70 met. Phai co bien phap be cap ckho rao.

. Ong dan capOng dan cap bao ve cho cap va thuan tien

m rong dung lng cap tren cac tuyen khi co nhucau. Tuy theo d bao, trong khi quy hoach phan vungth so lng ong cap c lap at hp ly. Ong cap

thng lam bang vat lieu cng nh nha PVC 110/114,ong thep, t b an mon do hoa chat va moi trng.o chon sau cua ong cap lp tren cung nh sau:

- oi vi ong at di he ng : 500 mm- oi vi ong at di long ng: 700 mm.

oi vi loai ng nha co Module an hoi > 1.800Kg/cm2 hay ng quoc lo th o chon sau cua ongt mat ng nha en ong tren cung la 1,2 met.

. Tu cap, hop cap (tap iem), hop aucuoi quang (ODF) va vat lieu au noi cap:

* Tu cap:Tu cap co vo nha Polycarbonatechu ng nhiet o 0 - 1000C, o am 95% tai 250C,chu c cac tac ong c hoc len moi pha cua tu,bao ve tranh s xam nhap cua sau bo, con trung.

Tu cap thng lap at cac nga ba, nga t,... ng

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pho khi co cap i qua e de dang re nhanh i hngkhac.

* Hop cap (tap iem): Vo hop kn, thanhhop va cac lo vao, ra cap co vong em cao suchong s xam nhap con trung, than nha cng chuc cac tac ong c hoc, thi tiet, kh hau, moitrng ben ngoai tac ong len, co khoa tranh spha hoai cua con ngi. Hop cap (tap iem) thngc treo tren cot neu s dung cho mang cap phoi,tren tng vao nha dan neu s dung cap thue baocho khu vc cum dan c (nha cao tang, chung c).

* Vat lieu au noi cap:- Khung au day hay khung nh v.- Phien au cap thng s dung phien Krone loai

10x2.- Day nhay.- Ch tieu cua cac Module ket cuoi cap (phien au

day):+ Tr khang cach ien 5x104 M.

+ o ben ien moi 2 Krms.+ o ben oi vi ien ap xung.+ ien dung gia cac oi day < 1pF.+ S suy giam xuyen am tai cac tan so:

T 300 Hz 3400Hz < 110 dB T 3,4KHz 10 KHz < 100 dB

T 10 KHz 1,2 MHz < 60 dB

+ S suy giam ben trong < 0,1 dB+ Dong tai (oi vi xung 8/20 s)+ Phien Connection < 10KA+ Phien Disconnection < 5KA.

* Hop au cuoi quang ODF (OpicalDistribution Frame):

ODF co kch thc hop phai am bao o uoncong si quang (R 50mm), thuan tien cho thi cong lap

at thao tac de dang. Thng c gan tren tng

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trong nha thiet b tranh c cac va cham ben ngoaitac ong.

* Vat lieu trang b theo hop, tu cap:+ Coc tiep at: Thng s dung coc ong tron

dai 1m hay thep V50x50x5x2450 mm mot au vatnhon e ong xuong mot au han vi day ong 4 lyc noi vao cac thanh phan bang kim loai cua tucap, hop cap, Block (inox) phien au cap, co nhtrong hop, tu cap va phai thoa cac yeu cau sau:

+ u sc chong lai s an mon kim loai.+ u o cng ve c hoc e ong c sau

di long at cng.+ Co ien tr nho khi lap at ngam di at.

. Moi noi cap day dan ong:* Moi noi day dan: (Connector ) la iem noi

day thue bao va day ruot cap co hnh dang nh hatnut ao, hay mot ong nha ben trong co iem noihnh rang ca va c bm ay chat keo chong am.

Cac moi noi nay ch s dung c mot lan.* Moi noi vo cap(mang xong):La ni che kn moi noi cua ca mot si cap

tranh nc ma, cac anh hng khac cua moitrng. Moi noi cung la ni e phan nhanh cap icac hng khac nhau. Moi noi co rat nhieu loai angc s dung tren mang li hien nay nh: moi noiUC, mang xong co nhiet, mang xong con heo dau, hop

noi PSI... tuy theo yeu cau s dung va dung lngcua cap ma s dung ung kch c cua mang xong.

Thng co cac loai mang xong 50x2, 100x2, 200x2, 300x 2, 400x2, 600 x2.

. Moi noi cap :* Moi noi trong ham cap, ranh cap, moi

noi cap chon trc tiep va moi noi cap treo:

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- Phai phu hp lap at trong ham cap, diat, treo tren cot c che tao chong an mon, tachai axt, dau va o nhiem, phai chac ve c kh, chuc lc cang, lc nen, uon cong va lc xoan, phaibao am kn nc, ngan c thanh phan Jelly tcap tham thau vao. Tuy theo s dung ma lap attren mang cho phu hp.

. Cot va cac vat lieu trang b theo cot:* Cot treo cap, hop cap:Cot treo cap co the la hnh non, hnh tru co

the rong chu ng c tai trong cua nhieu si

cap treo tren o. Cot treo cap co the s dungrieng cot bu ien hay i chung ng cot co sancua nganh ien lc. Cot treo cap c s dung theotieu chuan lap at, tuy thuoc vao a hnh, v trgiao thong, khu dan c (hien nay pho bien 02 loai cotla 6,5 met va 7 met). * Vat lieu trang b theo cot:

+ Day co: s dung cho ket cuoi tuyen, cot goccot le xuong doc trng hp a hnh khong the sdung day co c th ta thay bang cot chong.

+ Chan chong cot : Chan chong phai bangthep chong r. Trang b cho ket cuoi hay cot goctrng hp khong trang b c day co.

+ Cac loai Bu long, moc, kep cap s dung khithi cong va co nh cap.

. Cot moc be tong:

c trang b cho cac tuyen cap chon trc tiepdi long at. Cot moc la cac v tr ch nh chotuyen cap nam ben di chung, thng cach nhaugia 2 coc la 50 met en 100 met.

2.Thit b u cuiNhng thiet b au cuoi noi vao mang vien

thong can phai co nhng ac tnh sau:

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Bang tan la 300 3.400 Hz. Co kha nang khep knng ien mot chieu (DC) e lam bao hieung day. Hien nay ng day noi hat cha phuhp vi tn hieu so. Rieng he thong telex co the

noi vao ng day noi hat va chap nhan tn hieuso c truyen toc o thap.Nguon tong ai cung cap -48V en -50V tren

ng day noi hat e trc het tao mach vong DCphuc vu thiet lap cuoc goi va cung cap nguon chomicro. Nhng no cung nguon cap cho cac vi mach ttieu hao cong suat trong cac thiet bi au cuoi, hanche ien tr ng day khong qua 1.250 .

Mng in thoiTrong dang n gian nhat, may ien thoai phai

gom cac bo kien toi thieu e:

+ Nghe va noi, thng lap trong to hp (micro

than va ong nghe),

+ Bao cho tong ai biet khi can thiet lap mot

cuoc goi,

+ Gi a ch can goi, (a quay so, ban phm a

tan), bao cuoc goi en (chuong)

+ Bao cho tong ai biet a nhan c cuoc

goi,

Nguon chuong thng la 17Hz 25 Hz c capt tong ai, mot so thiet b dung am thanh trongmot loa nho va cac am ieu khac nhau e phanbiet khi lap nhieu may trong v tr chat hep. Tn hieua ch c the hien bang chuoi xung chap nhamach DC, chap 33+1/3 ms, nha 66+2/3ms, toc o 10xung/s, toc o nay b han che do bo chon c ien,khong phai do ng truyen. Khi dung

phm an thay cho a quay so phat xung se nhanh hnva thuan tien hn. Phm an se lu gi xung va taora qua trnh chap nha theo toc o nh a quay so,hoac bien oi thanh tn hieu am thanh, goi la DTMF,

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dung 7 tan so tao thanh 12 cap tan so ai diencho 10 ch so va 2 ky hieu; sau ay la bang chso va DTMF tng ng:

Ch so va ky kieu Tan so (Hz)1 697 12092 697 13363 697 14774 770 12095 770 13366 770 14777 852 1209

8 852 13369 852 14770 941 1336* 941 1209# 941 1477

Hau het cac may ien thoai hien nay eu coca hai tnh nang phat xung chap nha va phat DTMF.Cac tong ai ien t co the cung cap dch vu sauay cho khach hang :

+ Bao cc khi ket thuc cuoc goi,+ Bao chuong theo thi gian do khach hang

at,+ Chuyen cuoc goi cho may khac,

+ Chan mot so loai cuoc goi i (ng dai ,Quoc te v.v.. ),

+ Bao co cuoc goi (khi thue bao ang ban noichuyen),

+ Goi tay ba,chuen cuoc goi;

+ Cac dch vu khac.. Telex :

Telex co the truyen a ky t qua mang chuyenmach cong cong va au thu nhan c cac ky tco dang ch anh may. He thong nay phat trient may teletip c ien. Toc o truyen teletip (caonhat la 50 baud) phu thuoc vao toc o hoat ongcua may va ngi thao tac.

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Vi s phat trien cua may in toc o cao vamach lu tr tn hieu nhan c, toc o telex cnang len en 300 baud. Toc o cao cho phep sdung ch cai quoc te 7 bit.

. Faxcimile (FAX):

Telex cung cap mot cong cu thoa man viectruyen ch anh may, nhng khong cung cap motban sao thc s cua t lieu. Do vay no cung khongtruyen ky hieu viet tay va hnh ve. Fax cung capmot ban sao chnh xac do o s dung rong rai hntelex.

Thiet b c ket noi vao ng day cua

mang ien thoai cong cong PSTN theo khuyen nghCCITT cho nhom 1, 2, va 3. Nhom 4 co the truyentren cac toc o cao, 64 kbit/s nhng ch thch hp ving day truyen rieng. Truyen tren mang ISDNhoac LAN, tieu chuan nhom 4 co toc o rat cao,vi t lieu tren mot kho giay A4 ch mat t 2 en4 giay.

Hien nay Fax nhom 1 a loai bo, nhom 2 ang loaibo dan. Nhom 3 co toc o nhanh (mot phan do boqua khoang trang), co chat lng tot va tn hieu socho nen co the giao tiep vi cac thiet b so khac,hoac vi ISDN thong qua modem.

. So lieu may tnh :Truyen thong gia cac may tnh co the bang

cap, bang cap quang, bang vo tuyen cao tan trctiep gia hai tram, hoac ve tinh. So lieu ben trongmay tnh hoac gia may tnh vi cac thiet b ngoai

vi thng trao oi theo dang song song. Th du 8 bit solieu hnh thanh mot ky t, c truyen ong thitren 8 day trong cap t may tnh en may in. Mothe thong ma hoa se chuyen cac ky t so thanhdang nh phan ma may tnh can.

Phan tren ay ch e cap ve cac thiet b hoatong tren cac ng day noi hat hien co vi cacng ket noi analog trong mang chuyen mach cong

cong (PSN). S m rong mang ISDN tren mang congcong se dan en thay the toan bo thiet b au

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cuoi analog bang thiet b digital, ong thi oi hoithay oi ket noi gia thiet b au cuoi vi iemchuyen mach cong cong. ieu nay co ngha latieng noi se so hoa ngay t may ien thoai vatat ca cac thiet b au cuoi digital (telex, vidiotext,facsimile) eu lam viec thang vi PSN khong canqua modem, v cac tn hieu tren ng truyen eu laigital.

. Mang x.DSL : (x. Digital Subcriber Line )Hien nay mang x.DSL s dung cha c rong rai

thng chu yeu cho cac nha kinh doanh Chat, Internet,Game,... nen so lng thue bao con t oi nam rairac tren mang. V vay cha cau thanh he thongmang ma ch i cung cap ong thue bao co utieu chuan ky thuat cho phep c ly t tong aien thiet bi au cuoi toi a la 4.000 met .

A. My in thoi GPhone

GPhone l in thoi c nh khng dy do VNPT cung cp. y l inthoi c cung cp ti cc khu vc c vng ph sng ca mng di ngVinaphone trn h tng GSM.

u im ca GPhone l cht lng sng n nh, gi cc bng vi ccin thoi c nh ca VNPT. My in thoi di chuyn c trong phm viquanh khu vc khch hng ng k s dng. Dng GPhone, khch hng sdng c cc dch v: thoi, cc dch v cng thm nh: hin s gi i,

chuyn tip cuc gi, ch cuc gi, gi cuc gi. c bit, GPhone nhn tinc n: Vinaphone, Mobifone, Cityphone, in

* Cch lp t my Gphone

1.ng nghe :Ni ng nghe vi my in thoi bng dy in thoi

2. Anten :Lp anten vo u ni anten ANT. Gi phn bng nha ca anten v xoay

quanh inh c kim loi theo chiu kim ng h c nh anten. Khng nnxoay anten mt cch trc tip.

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3. B i ngunCm dy ca b i ngun ngoi vo l cm mt sau ca my v cm

b i ngun vo ngun AC. Tip t tt s m bo tin cy ca my.4.Cp ngun

C 2 phng php cp ngun :- Cp ngun bng ngun ngoi.- Cp ngun bng pin sc in.

Thng thng, ngh s dng ngun in bn ngoi. Khi mt in hockhng c ngun gn th bn c th s dng pin sc in.Khi kt ni vi ngun in bn ngoi v bt cng tc BATT sang I, inthoi c th t ng kim tra dung lng in nng ca pin v sc in nucn. Trong trng hp ny th b i ngun s b nng, y l trng thi

bnh thng.

Chuyn ngun in.Chuyn cng tc BATT pha sau my in thoi ZTE WP626 thnhI cp ngun bng pin, v thnh O tt ngun cp bng pin.1. Bt my:

Khi ang tt my, bp v gi phm EXIT mn hnh LCD s sng lnkm theo mt m thanh. in thoi s kim tra th SIM c lpvo hay cha. Sau theo cc thng bo gi trn mn hnh.

Nhp PIN --- Nu t PIN th nhp vo m PIN ca th SIM.Nhp m kho --- Nu t m kho th nhp vo m kho ca

in thoi.Tim kim --- Tm kim mng ph hp c kt ni.

2. Tt my:Khi ang bt my, n v gi EXIT, mn hnh LCD s tt km theo mt mthanh.Bt cng tt BATT pha sau in thoi thnh O tt ngun cung cp

bi pin, hoc tho pin nu khng s dng my trong thi gian di.

Lp th sim:1. Th SIM:

Trc khi s dng, hy lp th SIM hp l vo my.Khng nn tip xc vi b mt kim loi ca th SIM, nu khng d liu lutrong th SIM c th b h hng hoc mt mt. Gi th SIM cch xa ngunin v t trng.Lu : Hy tt in thoi trc khi tho th SIM. Khi ang kt ni vingun in bn ngoi th nghim cm khng c lp hoc tho th SIM.

2. S dng th SIM:+ Tt my in thoi, ngt ngun cp ngoi v m np th SIM.+ Lp th SIM vo khe cha th. m bo mt tip xc kim loi pha

di. V cho gc ct nhn th SIM ng vi khe cha th. ng np c nhca th SIM c nh th SIM vlp v vo.

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Ch : Nu bn vn khng th s dng my bnh thng sau khi lp thSIM, xin kim tra lp ng th SIM cha hoc th SIM c hp l haykhng (Tham kho t vn ca nh cung cp dch v mng VNPT). Khngnn m/tt my 3 lin tc, nu khng th SIM c th b hng.)

Kt ni vo mng1. M Pin v m kho in thoi:t m pin (s nhn dng c nhn) v m kho in thoi trnh th SIMv in thoi b s dng tri php.

Nhp m Pin ca th SIM v m kho m my, v bm phm Menu/Lachn xc nhn bt u s dng in thoi. Nu nhp vo Pin sai 3 ln lintc, th SIM s b kho bi mng.2. Kt ni vi mng:Sau m my v nhp s pin v m kho in thoi, in thoi s t ng tm

kim mng ph hp v trng thi ch.B. ADSL

1.Khi nim : ADSL cung cp mt phng thc truyn d liu vi bngthng rng, tc cao hn nhiu so vi phng thc truy cp qua ngdy in thoitruyn thng theo phng thc quay s (Dial up).Khi truyn

bng thng trn ng dy in thoi c tch ra lm 2 phn, 1 phn nhdng cho cc tn hiu nhu Phone,Fax. phn ln cn li dng cho truyn titn hiu ADSL. ngha ca cm t "bt i xng" trong ADSL l do lng

d liu ti xung v ti ln l khng bng nhau, vi d liu ch yu l tixung.

Trong khi truy cp theo phng thc quay s ch c th cung cp tc ln n 56kbps, mt ng ADSL chun c th t tc ti xung n8Mbps. Cho n hin nay, vi ADSL 2+ do cc nh cung cp ng truynInternet ti Vit Nam nh SPT, FPT,Netnam, Viettel,VNPT tc l thuytti xung c th t n 24Mbps.

Tuy nhin, do c s h tng cn thp, v cng do chnh sch qun l chatt, vn cn nhiu bt cp trong vn ng truyn Vit Nam. C lc tc truyn ti ca FPT gim xung cn zero hoc ch 5Kb/s. Viettel cnh gi tt hn nhng cng cn nhiu phn nn v tc gi cao im.

Truyn khng dy (broadband wireless). Khi WiMAX c chun hav thit b dng cho WiMAX c sn xut i tr, cng ngh ny hon tonc th thay th c ADSL - c bit l khu vc vng su vng xa, kh trinkhai mng cp. Wireless c coi l mng my tnh nhanh nht hin nay vitc l thuyt c th ln ti 108Mbps, cn thp nht l 54Mbps.

http://lib4u.net
http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90i%E1%BB%87n_tho%E1%BA%A1ihttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internethttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vi%E1%BB%87t_Namhttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/SPThttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/FPThttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Netnamhttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viettelhttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/VNPThttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/WiMAXhttp://lib4u.net/http://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90i%E1%BB%87n_tho%E1%BA%A1ihttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internethttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vi%E1%BB%87t_Namhttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/SPThttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/FPThttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Netnamhttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viettelhttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/VNPThttp://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/WiMAXhttp://lib4u.net/


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2.Lp t: Lp t mt Modem Router ADSL Prolink

- Cm ngun cho Router v cm u dy ADSL vo cng RJ11 (cng

ADSL) ca Router bng cch ni dy in thoi t ngoi vo cm qua btch tn hiu (dy chung thoi), 1 u ra tn hiu ADSL cm vo cng RJ11ca modem, 1 u ra cn li cm vo my in thoi.

- Gn dy USB t Router ni vo cng USB ca my tnh

Lp t Modem Router ADSL Prolink qua cng RJ 45 cho 1 mytnh

- Cm ngun cho Router v cm u dy ADSL vo cng RJ11 (cngADSL) ca Router bng cch ni dy in thoi t ngoi vo cmqua b tch tn hiu (dy chung thoi), 1 u ra tn hiu ADSL cmvo cng RJ11 ca modem, 1 u ra cn li cm vo my in thoi.- Ni dy mng (straight-through ethernet cable RJ45) t cng RJ45ca Router n cng RJ45 card mng ca my tnh (xem hnh ).

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Lp t Modem Router ADSL Prolink cho nhiu my dng chungInternet trong mng LAN:- Cm ngun cho Router v cm u dy ADSL vo cng RJ11 (cngADSL) ca Router bng cch ni dy in thoi t ngoi vo cm qua b

tch tn hiu (dy chung thoi), 1 u ra tn hiu ADSL cm vo cng RJ11ca modem, 1 u ra cn li cm vo my in thoi.- Ni dy mng (cable RJ45) t cng RJ45 ca Router n cng RJ45Hub/Switch.

Cu hnh Modem Router ADSL Prolink:

Bc 1: t a CD-ROM driver vo CD-ROM, chy tp tin

autorun, hoc chy tp tin setup.exe; xut hin mn hnh yu cu bnchn ngn ng.

Bc 2: Chn Continue

Bc 3: Chn Quick Install ci t Roter qua cng USB hoc qua

cng Ethernet (xem hnh). Ty thuc vo cch lp t Router quacng USB hay Ethernet (xem phn lp t ca modem).

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Bc 4:Nhp tn sa dng v mt khu

Bc 5: Theo cc bc tip tc hon tt qu trnh ci t.

Bc 6: vo cu hnh Router bn nhn vo nt Continue voqu trnh cu hnh hoc m Internet Explorer v g a chhttp://10.0.0.2

Bc 7:Nhp UserName v password (mc nh User name: admin;

Password: password)

Bc 8: Cu hnh chung dng Internet - Nhp vo menu Configuration, chn WAN : Slect Adapter:

PVC0, nhn nt Submit, in cc thng s sau:- VPI: 0- VCI: 35- Encapsulation: PPPoE LLC- Username: Tn truy nhp ADSL m bn ng k vi nh cungcp- Password: Mt khu kt ni ADSL m bn ng k vi nh cungcp .- Authentication: Chn Auto- Automatic Reconnect: nh du tch.

Bc 9: Nhp vo nt Submit

Bc 10: Nhp vo nt Save Configuration, chn Save & Reboot.

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Ch khong 1 pht Router ghi li cu hnh

Bc 11: Kim tra kt ni Internet: Vo mc Status, chnWAN/LAN .Nu thy trng thi ca WAN c a ch IP (v d:

222.252.36.159) v trng thi ca PPP thng bo Connected thmodem kt ni vo Internet, nu l khng thy c a ch IP caWAN v trng thi PPP thng bo Not Connected cn kim tra li ccthng s (Bc 8).

Bc 12: Cu hnh a ch IP gateway cho mng LAN:Cu hnh mc nh a ch IP gateway l 10.0.0.2/255.255.255.0

Nu thay i IP ti Configuration bn nhp vo LAN .Thay i a ch IPtheo mun, nu bn mun Router lm server DHCP th chn Enabled

Bc 13:Nhp vo nt Submit tip theo nhp vo nt SaveConfiguration ghi li cu hnh.

Bc 14: t li mt khu vo modem Router: Trong mc AdminPrivilege nhn vo Admin Password (xem hnh), nhp password mi vnhp li password mt ln na ti Retype Password tip theo nhp vont Submit ghi li s thay i mt khu. Bc 15: Cu hnh cc my con s dng chung Internet quaRouter:Gi s c mng Lan vi a ch IP lp A nh sau 10.0.0.0-10.0.0.254/255.255.255.0 nh cu hnh kt ni mng theo tng h iu

hnh nh sau: Win9x/Me: Control Panel --> Networking --> General --> TCP/IP -->Properties --> Gateway --> New Gateway, nhp a ch IP 10.0.0.2 vchn Add, ti DNS Configuration nhp vo 203.162.0.181 v nhp ntAdd sau nhp 203.210.142.132 v Add.

WinNT: Bn vo Control Panel --> Network --> Protocol --> General--> TCP/IP --> Properties, ti Default Gateway g a ch IP 10.0.0.2vo, ti DNS nhp vo nt Add nhp 203.162.0.181 v 203.210.142.132v nhp nt Add

Win2000/XP: Control Panel --> Network Connections --> Local AreaConnection --> General --> Internet Protocol(TCP/IP) -->Properties, tiDefault gateway nhp a ch IP 10.0.0.2 vo, ti Primary DNS Server g203.162.0.181, ti Secondary DNS Server g 203.210.142.132 Kim tra a ch Ip ca my con, Ip Gateway v ping n DNSserver : Chn StartRun g lnh CMD, xut hin du nhc mi nhlnh : Ipconfig ri Enter s thy cc a ch Ip ca my, gateway, DNS.Sau khi v du nhc mi g tip lnh : ping 203.162.0.181 hoc203.210.142.132 nu thy Reply from 203.162.0.181 : byte = th

kt ni c Internet.

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Bc 16: Cu hnh cc ng dng dng chung Internet

- Internet Explorer: Cotrol Panel --> Internet Options --> Connections, chnNever dial a connection. Ch khng dng Proxy.

- Yahoo Messenger: chn Preference --> Connection --> No Proxy

Bc 17 (tu chn): Khi to li thng s cho modem v cc thng schun ca nh sn xut:Trong trng hp qun mt khu ca modem Router hoc cu hnh sai, cth khi phc li cu hnh mc nhin ca nh sn xut: Cm ngun choRouter sau dng mt que nh (paper clip dui thng) n nh vo ntReset ng sau Router sau tt ngun ca Router v bt ngun cho Router

li, by gi Router ca bn c Reset v chun ca nh sn xut

C.My Tivi - IPTV

IPTV - Internet Protocol TV - l mng truyn hnh kthp cht ch vi mng vin thng. Ni rng hn IPTV ldch v gi tr gia tng s dng mng bng rng IP phcv cho nhiu ngi dng (user). Cc user c th thngqua my vi tnh PC hoc my thu hnh ph thng cng

vi hp phi ghp set topbox s dng dch v IPTV.IPTV c 2 c im c bn l: da trn nn cng ngh IP v phc v theonhu cu. Tnh tng tc l u im ca IPTV so vi h thng truyn hnhcp CATV hin nay, v truyn hnh CATV tng t cng nh CATV s utheo phng thc phn chia tn s, nh trc thi gian v qung b nhng (truyn t mt trung tm n cc my tivi thu bao). Mng CATVhin nay ch yu dng cp ng trc hoc lai ghp cp ng trc vi cpquang (HFC) u phi chim dng ti nguyn bng tn rt rng. Hn na kthut ghp ni modem cp hin nay u sn sinh ra tp m. So vi mng

truyn hnh s DTV th IPTV c nhiu i mi v dng tn hiu cng nhphng thc truyn b ni dung. Trong khi truyn hnh s thng qua cc

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menu nh trc (thm ch nh trc hng tun, hoc hng thng) cc user la chn, th IPTV c th cao cht lng phc v c tnh tngtc v tnh tc thi. Ngi s dng (user hoc viewer) c th t do la chnchng trnh TV ca mng IP bng rng. Vi ngha ng ca phng tin

truyn thng (media) gia server v user.Phng thc pht truyn tn hiu ca IPTV:

Ni mt cch gin n, trong h thng IPTV hnh nh video do cc phncng thu thp theo thi gian thc (real time), thng qua phng thc m ha(nh MPEG 2/4...) to thnh cc lung tn hiu s. Sau , thng qua hthng phn mm, IPTV pht truyn vo mng cp. u cui ca cc usertip nhn, la chn, gii m v khuch i.

Trong h thng IPTV c 2 phng thc truyn a tn hiu c d nhtrc (scheduled programs). l:

- Pht qung b (broadcasting), truyn pht ti mi ni

- Pht n a im theo yu cu (on demand).

Nguyn l hot ng ca h thng qung b, cc chng trnh c vtrn hnh 1. Trong MBone (mng xng sng ca h thng a im)

chnh l ng trc Internet. Tuy nhinngi s dng ch theo lnh ca bqun l ni dung (content manager) c gii thiu ni dung chng trnhhu quan. Chng trnh c th do rtnhiu b IPTV server thu thp choc cng do cc server ca mngMBone cung cp.

h.1

Hnh 2: minh ha s hot ng ca h thng IPTV phc v theo yu cu(VOD) c gi l IPTV n im. Trong cc server ca b qun l nidung c t chc thnh cm server (server cluster) tng hp kho d liu(database) ca cc chng trnh.

Cch b tr cm server phc v c cc user c hiu qu s c nir trn s tng th di y. Cc bc thc hin VOD nh sau:

1. Mt thu bao c chng nhn nhp mng v chu s qun l ca b qunl EPG

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2. Thu bao mun yu cu mt ni dung no . Thu bao gi yu cu nEGP

3. EGP cho bit a ch ca server cn tm

4. Thu bao gi yu cu ti server .

5. Server da theo yu cu ca thu bao m cung cp ni dung.

* Cc dch v trn ITV:

- Cung cp cho bn

nhng knh truyn hnh

c sc trong nc vquc t. Ngoi cc knh

truyn hnh theo chun

SD (Standard Definition)

thng thng, ln u

tin ti Vit Nam,

MyTVcung cp cc knh truyn hnh c cht lng hnh nh v m thanhtuyt ho theo chun HD (High Definition).

S khc bit ln nht gia dch v Truyn hnh ca MyTV so vi cc dch

v truyn hnh truyn thng trc y l khch hng c th s dng cc

tnh nng:

Kha cc chng trnh c ni dung khng ph hp vi tr em(Parental Lock).

Hng dn chng trnh in t (EPG): gip tm kim chng trnh

truyn hnh, ly thng tin chi tit v chng trnh theo tng th loi,

xem lch pht sng

Phim truyn

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Tha thch la chn phim trc tip t th vin phim khng l gm nhiu th

loi nh phim hnh ng, hi, tm l x hi, v.v. t kinh in n hin i,

thuc cc quc gia khc nhau vo bt c thi im no.

c bit hn, MyTV cn mang n cho bn mt s phim theo chun HDvi cht lng hnh nh v m thanh ca mt rp chiu phim ngay ti nh.

Khng ch dng li vic xem phim n thun, bn c th xem cc b

phim yu thch vi rt nhiu tnh nng u vit nh:

Kha cc phim c ni dung khng ph hp vi tr em.

Xem trc ni dung gii thiu ca mi phim Xem li 1 b phim nhiu ln.

S dng cc chc nng nh vi u DVD: tua i, tua li, nhy n bt

k v tr no ca phim

Gip bn tn hng giy pht th thi sau gi lm vic cng thng vi

danh sch cc bi ht lin tc c cp nht. Vi dch v Ca nhc ca

MyTV, bn c th:

Nghe nhng bi ht yu thch, nhng bi ht mi nht thuc mi th

loi

Xem cc Video clips ca nhc vi cht lng hnh nh cao

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m nhc

Karaoke


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L dch v cho php bn ht Karaoke ngay ti nh vi cht lng m thanhv hnh nh hon ho.

Pht thanh

Bn c th la chn v nghe cc chng trnh pht thanh trong nc, quc t

qua h thng MyTV. Gi y bn c th thng thc nhng chuyn mc

pht thanh yu thch ca mnh vo bt k thi im no trong ngy.

Bn c th la chn v nghe cc chng trnh pht thanh trong nc, quc

t qua h thng MyTV. Gi y bn c th thng thc nhng chuyn mc

pht thanh yu thch ca mnh vo bt k thi im no trong ngy.

Chia s hnhnh

Bn l mt tay sn nh ch thc hay ch n thun mun chia s nhng

khonh khc qy gi bn gia nh, bn b vi mi ngi? Hy n vi dchv Chia s nh v video clip ca MyTV.

- La chn s dng dch v iTV l cch tt nht tha mn ti a nhu

cu gii trca gia nh:

Gii tr ch ng trn tivi:o Xem ni dung yu thch bt c lc noo Khng b l thuc vo gi pht sng ca io p ng theo yu cu

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Game


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o c truyn hnh, phim, nhc, bo Tin li:

o Ngoi truyn hnh thng thng, cn c nhiu chc nng giitr khc

o

Khng gian trong nh c v rng ri hn nh c im Tt ctrong mt iTV c th thay th cho cc phng tin gii trkhc (u a DVD/CD, bo, a CD/DVD, )

o Khng phi mt thi gian tm kim phim, nhc cc ca hngbng a; hoc mt hng gi tm a ch qua inthoi/internet,

o Khng phi tn ph mua/thu bng a cc loi, t mua bo,chi ph i li,

Ch cn c iTV l bn c: Truyn hnh cp u a CD/VCD/DVD Kho a cc loi Bo tin tc hng thng Danh b Nhng trang vng

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Phn III: NHN XT & NH GIa.i chiu,lin h gia l thuyt hc vi thit b thc t ni

thc tp:

trnh by phn trn ( C s l lun )

b.Cc xut ci tin ca em:

Th nht v l thuyt ging dy trng cn cha y v st vi

thc t.Th hai vic ging dy nh trng cn nng v l thuyt cha ch

trng vo thc hnh. Kin thc m chng em c c sau khi hc xong

trng cn nhiu hn ch. Do vy, c nhn em cng xin c gp mt phn

kin nh b mong rng cht lng dy v hc trng cao ng Phng

ng ni chung v khoa K thut - CNTT ni ring ngy cng c nng

cao c th p ng c nhng yu cu v i hi ngy cng cao ca

nhng c quan tuyn dng lao ng.V sau y l mt vi xut v kin

ca em:

+ Cn phi nng cao cht lng dy v hc trong nh trng.Hc i

i vi thc hnh. Nh trng cn b tr, trang b thm cc thit b cn thit

to iu kin cho chng em c th tip cn c vi nhng cng ngh

mi. Cn to iu kin chng em c th thc hnh nhiu hn. Lm sao

chng em khi tt nghip ra trng khng ch gii v thuyt m cn thnh

tho v thc hnh. Cn to iu kin cho chng em c nhiu thi gian v c

hi tip cn vi cc n v vin thng chng em c thm kinh nghim

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thc t v nng cao tay ngh cho khi tt nghip ra trng chng em quen v

c th p ng c cc yu cu ca c quan, n v tuyn dng. Nh

trng cn ch trng nhiu hn vo cht lng dy v hc. Lm sao kin

thc chng em t c v c c phn nh ng nng lc ca tng ngi.

Phn IV: KT LUN

Qua thi gian hc tp ti trng Cao ng Phng ng Nng

c s gip tn tnh ca cc thy c gio, n nay em kt thc kho

hc v hon thnh bn bo co tt nghip ny.

Trong bi bo co tt nghip ny chuyn ca em l tm hiuv cp & ng dy thu bao.

Tuy nhin, v thi gian c hn v kin thc cn hn ch nn bn

co co ca em khng th trnh khi phn thiu st, rt mong c s gp

ca cc thy, c v bn b cng lp bn bo co ca em c hon thin

hn.

Mt ln na em xin chn thnh cm n cc thy, c gio v c

bit l cc anh, cc ch ti Trung Tm Vin Thng Tin Phc - Tr My trc

thuc Vin Thng Qung Nam to iu kin hng dn v gip em

trong sut qu trnh thc tp v vit bn bo co ny!

Sinh vin thc hin

Ng Thanh Hng

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NHN XT & NH GI CA C S THC TPI. Nhn xt:

.II. Kt qu im bo co thc tp.

.

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XC NHN CA LNH O VIN THNG NI THC TPNgy.thng ... nm 2010

.

NHN XT & NH GI CA GIO VIN

I. Nhn xt:

..II. Kt qu nh gi

XC NHN CA TRNG

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Ngy.thng . nm 2010

MC LCLi cm n Li m u.Phn I: C s l lun..

I. Cu to v ng dng cc loi cp vin thng.1. Cp ng...1.1. Cp ng trc.1.2 Cp xon i

2. Cp quang...II. Tm hiu cp quang trong thc t.........1.Cp di nc..1.1.Cu trc ca cp ...1.2.Lp v cp.........1.3.Thng s k thut..2.Cp si quang chn trc tip phi kim loi2.1Cu trc cp2.2 c tnh k thut

III. Cch ni cp quang...Phn II: C s thc tin.......I. S mng vin thng Bc Tam KII. Tng quan v mng vin thng Qung Nam............1.Gii thiu vin thng Qung Nam2.Kin thc cn trang b cho cng nhn..

3. Tm hiu v tham gia cng tc cng vic ca ngi cng nhn cp&ng dy thu bao

III. Tm hiu v mng ngoi vi v thit b u cui

1. Thit b ngoi vi...2. Thit b u cui..

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Phn III: Nhn xt & nh gi. Phn IV: Kt lun. Nhn xt & nh gi ca c s thc tp.. Nhn xt & nh gi ca gio vin..

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