Bao Cao Thuc Tap Dau Voca

Bo co thc tp nh my du thc vt Vocar

NHN XT Nhn xt ca gio vin hng dn: _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ Tp H Ch Minh, ngy thng 04 nm 2010

Xc nhn ca gio vin hng dn

GVHD: Th.S Trng Th M Linh

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Ch thch

AV BHA BHT IV PoV SV TBHQ

Ch s acid Butylat Hydroxy Anisol Butylat Hydroxy Toluen Ch s iod Ch s peroxyt ch s x phng ho Tert butyl hydro quinon


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MC LC

Trang

Li cm n Nhn xt Ch thch PHN 1: TNG QUAN V CNG TY VOCARIMEX ........................................5 1. Gii thiu chung v cng ty .............................................................................6 2. Lch s hnh thnh t sau Gii Phng Min Nam .............................................7 3. S t chc ................................................................................................. 11 4. Xu hng pht trin ca doanh nghip ........................................................... 12 5. Thit b cng ngh v sn phm ..................................................................... 14 PHN 2: TNG QUAN V NGUYN LIU....................................................... 15 1. Tm quan trng ca du thc vt ................................................................... 16 2. Tng quan nguyn liu ht du....................................................................... 16 3. Bo qun nguyn liu cha du...................................................................... 24 PHN 3: CNG NGH SN XUT DU THC VT ...................................... 31 1. Quy trnh sn xut du th ............................................................................. 32 2. Quy trnh tinh luyn du................................................................................. 57 3. Quy trnh cng ngh ng chai du ................................................................ 64 4. Bng m t sn phm ..................................................................................... 65 PHN 4: KIM TRA CHT LNG DU THC VT................................... 66 1. Quy trnh kim tra cht lng trong s ch .................................................... 67 2. Quy trnh kim tra cht lng trong tinh luyn............................................... 69


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3. Quy trnh kim tra cht lng trong thnh phm ............................................ 71 4. Cc quy nh kim tra cht lng ngnh tinh ch ........................................... 73 5. Cc phng php kim tra ............................................................................. 74 PHN 5: MI TRNG V X L NC THI............................................ 87 1. Cc cht thi trong qu trnh sn xut............................................................. 88 2. X l cc cht thi ......................................................................................... 88 3. Gim thiu nhim do hot ng ca cng du ............................................. 90 PHN 6: HNH NH ............................................................................................. 91 PHN 7: KT LUN V KIN NGH .............................................................. 110 Ti liu tham kho .................................................................................................. 112


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1. Gii thiu chung v cng ty:Tng Cng Ty Cng Nghip Du Thc Vt Vit Nam ( VOCARIMEX ) hot 065ng theo m hnh Cng ty m - Cng ty con theo Quyt nh s 4799/Q-BTC ngy 28/09/2009 ca B Trng B Cng Thng . B sung nhim v Cng ty m theo giy KKD hoc theo iu l . Tr s chnh t ti s 58 Nguyn Bnh Khim , phng a Kao , Qun 1 , TP HCM . Chi nhnh ti H Ni : s 8 ph Ct Linh , Qun ng a , H Ni . Cng ty m c c phn chi phi trn 50% vn iu l ti Cng ty C phn Du thc vt Tng An , Cng ty C phn Du thc vt Tn Bnh , Cng ty C phn Du thc vt Th c . T thng 7-2005 phn vn Nh Nc Cng ty C phn Du thc vt Th c c bn ht . Cng ty C phn Du thc vt Tng An nim yt trn th trng chng khon ngy 26-12-2006 . Cng ty m c c phn khng chi phi di 50% vn iu l ti Cng ty C phn Bao B Du thc vt ( VMPACK.Co. ), nim yt trn th trng chng khon ngy 22-12-2006 . Phn vn gp vi cc i tc nc ngoi thnh lp cc lin doanh gm : Cng ty Du n Golden Hope Nh B , Cng ty TNHH Du thc vt Ci Ln ( Calofic ) , Cng ty TNHH M phm LGVina . VOCARIMEX trin khai thc hin chin lc pht trin ngnh Du thc vt Vit Nam 2010 n nm 2020 v xy dng cc c s ch bin gm : Nh my Du thc vt VOCAR ; Cng ty C phn Trch ly Du thc vt ( VOE JSC ) ; Cng ty C phn Thng mi Du Thc Vt ( VOT JSC ) Sn phm Du thc vt cc loi ca Cng ty m VOCARIMEX , Cng ty con-Cng ty lin kt p ng tt cho th trng trong nc v xut khu sang cc nc trong khu vc ng Nam , Trung Quc , Hng Cng , Nht Bn Chu Phi v Trung ng . VOCARIMEX a vo s dng khai thc Cng Du thc vt Nh B , mt Cng a nng ti khu vc phng Ph Thun , Qun 7 , TP HCM vi tng din tch khong 14ha . Hin Cng c trang b 2 cu tu c kh nng tip nhn tu 10.000DWT n 20.000DWT ; bi container , ng ni b 56.000m2 v h thng kho


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, bn cha hng lng , h thng bc d hin i , Cng Nh B c kh nng tip nhn 0,5 1 triu tn hng cc loi /nm ( hng lng , hng tng hp bao kin , hng ng container ) .

2. Lch s hnh thnh t sau Gii Phng Min Nam:Nm 1975 tip qun 4 nh my sn xut Du thc vt Min Nam do quc hu ha v ch t bn hin ti sn . tnh hnh sn xut lc by gi vi h thng thit b , my mc c k khng ng b v trong qu trnh xy dng d dang . Tng cng sut tinh luyn ca cc nh my ch t khong 18.000 tn /nm. Ngy 12-8-1976 Cng ty Du thc vt min Nam c thnh lp , Cng ty hot ng theo c ch qun l Nh nc tp trung bao cp , gm c 5 nh my ( NM ) quc doanh trc thuc : NM Du Nakydaco , sau i tn l NM Du Tn Bnh , nay l Cng

ty C phn Du thc vt Tn Bnh . NM Du Tuanco , sau i tn l NM Du Tng An , nay l Cng ty

C phn Du thc vt Tng An . NM Hp thic Standard , sau i tn l NM Hp thic bao b Cu

Tre, ri l X nghip C kh Bao b Cu Tre, hin l Cng ty C phn Bao b Hp thic Cu Tre . NM Du Navioil . sau i tn l Nh my Du Nh B, hin l Cng

ty Lin doanh Du n Golden Hope - Nh B . NM Du Vinadaco . sau i tn l Nh my du Th c , nay l

Cng ty C phn Du thc vt Th c . Thi k ny cc NM da vo ngun nguyn vt liu do Nh nc cung cp thc hin k hoch Nh nc giao. Vt t nguyn liu cung cp thng xuyn khng m bo v s lng, cht lng, chng loi v thi gian. Bn cnh , thit b my mc mt s c, mt s khng ng b v.v.. hot ng ca nh my ht sc b ng do khng nguyn vt liu dn n tnh trng sn lng sn xut hng nm thp khng p ng nhu cu tiu dng ca x hi . T ngy 18-6-1981 , do yu cu i mi , qun l cho ph hp vi tnh hnh th t, B Cng Nghip Thc Phm c quyt nh 642/CNTP-TCQL thay i t chc ngnh Du thc vt thnh X nghip Lin hp Du thc vt pha Nam . Ngoi 5 NMGVHD: Th.S Trng Th M Linh 7


quc doanh ang hot ng , X nghip Lin hp Du thc vt pha Nam cn tip nhn thm Trung tm Nghin cu Du v Cy c du t Vin Khoa hc Vit Nam . T 9-1983 , theo Ngh nh110/HBT ngy 2-9-1983 ca Hi ng B Trng i tn thnh Lin hip cc X nghip Du thc vt pha Nam thnh lp thm x nghip vt t nguyn liu v vin nghin cu Du v cy c du ( tin thn l trung tm nghin cu Du v cy c du ). Trong thi k ny, cng ty khi phc li sn xut ti nh my du Tng An, nh my du Nh B, nh my du Th c. thch nghi vi c ch qun l mi, cng ty mnh dn xa b c ch qun l hnh chnh quan liu bao cp, tp trung tho g nhng vng mc, rng buc trong sn xut theo hng khai thc c hiu qu ngun nguyn liu qua m rng quan h hp tc trong v ngoi nc cn i ngun nguyn liu, vt t cho sn xut v y mnh k hoch xut khu. Ngy 23-3-1986 x nghip lin hip du thc vt Pha Nam c i tn thnh Lin Hip cc X Nghip Du Thc Vt Vit Nam ( theo ngh nh 28/HBT ca hi ng b trng ). Ngoi 5 nh my quc doanh v x nghip vt t nguyn liu, Lin Hip cc X Nghip Du Thc Vt Vit Nam cn tip nhn thm 1 nh my v thnh mi 3 n v: Nh my du H Bc ( tnh H Bc ), chi nhnh lin hip ti H Ni, cng ty xut nhp khu du thc vt ( Vegoilimex ) v x nghip hng liu m phm. Nm 1989, Vin Nghin cu du v cy c du tch khi Lin Hip v thnh lp lin hip khoa hc sn xut tinh du hng liu v M phm (LIPACO). n giai on nm 1990-1991, Lin Hip cc X Nghip Du Thc Vt Vit Nam tip nhn thm 3 n v du thc vt ti a phng gm: X nghip du thc vt ng Thp, X nghip du thc vt Bnh nh v cng ty lin hip du thc vt ng Nai. Ngy 6-6-1992, VOCARIMEX chnh thc c thnh lp trn c s sp nhp lin hip khoa hc sn xut tinh du hng liu v m phm vo lin hip cc x nghip du thc vt Vit Nam ( quyt nh 452/CNN-TCL ). Cng ty c thnh lp trong giai on nn kinh t t nc ang chuyn i sang nn kinh t th trng theo nh hng XHCN, cng ty VOCARIMEX hot ng theo lut doanh nghip Nh nc vi nguyn tc hoch ton tp trung c phn cp.


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Cng ty c 4 n v trc thuc l NM Du Tn Bnh, NM Du Tng An, NM Du Th c v chi nhnh cng ty ti H Ni. Chm dt hot ng cc n v: Cng ty Lin hip du thc vt ng Nai v x nghip hng liu M phm. T nm 1992 n 1997 cng ty gp vn lin doanh vi 3 n v nc ngoi gm: lin doanh vi Golden Hope Overseas Sendirian Berhad thuc tp on Golden Hope Overseas Sendirian Berhad ( nay thuc tp on Sime Darby ) Malaysia thnh lp cng ty du n Golden Hope Nh B trn c s nh my du Nh B; lin doanh vi cng ty Siteki Investments Pte Ltd thuc tp on Kuok (nay thuc tp on Wilmar International Limited )- Singapore thnh lp cng ty du thc vt Ci Ln ( nay l cng ty TNHH du thc vt Ci Ln ), lin doanh vi LG Chemical Ltd ( nay l LG Household & Health Care Ltd ) thuc tp on LG-Hn Quc thnh lp cng ty lin doanh m phm LG VINA ( nay l cng ty TNHH M phm LG VINA ). Thng 9-2002, VOCARIMEX gp vn thnh lp cng ty c phn bao b du thc vt ti khu cng nghip Tn Thi Hip, phng Hip Thnh, qun 12 chuyn sn xut mua bn bao b cho ngnh thc phm; mua bn my mc thit b, vt t nguyn liu ngnh bao b; dch v thng mi, in bao b, mua bn thc phm. Ngy 1-1-2004, thc hin ch trng ca th tng chnh ph v b cng nghip v vic sp xip li doanh nghip nh nc, VOCARIMEX chuyn i nh my du Th c thnh cng ty c phn du thc vt Th c. n ngy 1-1-2004 chuyn i tip nh my du Tng An thnh cng ty c phn du thc vt Tng An v ngy 1-1-2005 chuyn i nh my du Tn Bnh thnh cng ty c phn du thc vt Tn Bnh. Vi vic sp xip ny, VOCARIMEX chnh thc c chuyn i hot ng sang m hnh cng ty m-cng ty con. Thng 7-2007, cng ty m VOCARIMEX hon tt xy dng v a vo hot ng nh my du thc vt VOCA, ln u tin cng ty VOCARIMEX sn xut v cung cp th trng ni a v xut khu cc dng sn phm du thc vt vi nhiu dng bao b khc nhau nh: Du m VOCA, BEN3, SOBY, VOCA COOKING, SUNGOLD, VINA, GLOBAL. Nm 2008-2009 cc sn phm v thng hiu du VOCA c ngi tiu dng tn nhim.


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Thng 11-2007, VOCARIMEX gp vn thnh lp cng ty c phn trch ly du thc vt ( VOE JSC ) chuyn sn xut mua bn du thc vt, kh du, glycerine, ch bin thc n gia sc, gia cm, thy sn, m n lin, bnh ko Thng 3-2008, VOCARIMEX gp vn thnh lp cng ty c phn thng mi du thc vt ( VOE JSC ) chuyn sn xut, mua bn du thc vt, ht v qu c du, sn phm t ht v qu c du, sn xut mua bn bao b giy, bao b nha Theo quyt nh s 4799/Q-BCT ngy 28 thng 9 nm 2009 ca b trng b cng thng chuyn cng ty du thc vt hng liu m phm Vit Nam thnh tng cng ty cng nghip du thc vt Vit Nam.


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3. C cu t chc


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4. Xu hng pht trin ca doanh nghip u t: Nm 1976 khi mi thnh lp, c s vt cht gm: thit b my mc, nh xng ca VOCARIMEX khng ng b, cng sut ch khong 18000 tn du/ nm. n nm 1992 ton T hp, tng bc tin hnh ci tin thit b, cng ngh, u t b sung tng cng sut cho cc nh my v gim tiu hao nguyn nhin vt liu. Theo pht trin ca nn kinh t t nc, cc cng ty thnh vin tp trung cao cho u t i mi thit b v cng ngh, thnh lp mi cc nh my sn xut, a dng ha sn phm, m rng th trng p ng nhu cu tiu dng trong nc v xut khu, cc d n u t qua tng giai on sau: Giai on chun b Vit Nam tham gia AFTA : t nm 1993 n 2002,

ton t hp u t vo cc d n: H thng dy chuyn thit b tinh luyn du thc vt cng sut 150 tn du/ngy ti nh my du Tng An ( nay l cng ty c phn du thc vt Tng An ) v nh my du Tn Bnh ( nay l cng ty c phn du thc vt Tn Bnh ). Trong , cng ty c phn du thc vt Tng An mua li nh my du thc vt Vinh ( tnh Ngh An ) v thc hin ci to, nng cp nh my ln cng sut 50 tn/ ngy. u t cc my li tm, thit b l hi, my thi chai PVC ti nh my du Tn Bnh; my thi chai PET ti nh my du Tng An; lp t h thng dy chuyn ng chai t ng, bn t ng ti nh my du Tng An v nh my du Tn Bnh Gp vn lin doanh u t mi: Nh my du thc vt Qung Ninh, cng sut 400 tn/ ngy; nh my sn xut m phm, ha m phm; thit b tinh luyn du cng sut 300 tn/ ngy ti cng ty du n Golden Hope Nh B. Giai on Vit Nam chun b gia nhp T Chc Thng Mi th gii

WTO: t nm 2003 n nay, ton ngnh du thc vt thc hin u t thnh lp mi cc nh my tinh luyn du, nh my sn xut bao b a dng ha ngnh ngh, tng nng lc sn xut, m rng sn phm vi tng vn u t khong 800 t ng. mt s d n c u t trong giai on ny nh sau: D n u t mi nh my du Ph M cng sut tinh luyn 600 tn/ngy. Di di nh my du Tng An n khu cng nghip Ph M 1, tnh B Ra

Vng Tu. n thng 11 2008, nh my chnh thc i vo hot ng vi cng sut thit k 600 tn du tinh luyn/ngy.


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-

D n u t mi dy chuyn tch phn on du c c cng sut 400 tn/

ngy ti nh my du Ph M ca cng ty c phn du thc vt Tng An, thng 11 2008 a thit b i vo hot ng. Gp vn lin doanh u t mi nh my du Hip Phc cng sut 600 tn/

ngy ti Huyn Nh B TPHCM ca cng ty TNHH du thc vt Ci Ln. Thng 12 2006, nh my hon thnh v i vo hot ng. Lin kt gp vn u t nh my sn xut bao b thc vt ca cng ty CP bao

b DVT ti khu cng nghip Tn Thi Hip, qun 12 TPHCM v u t thm cc h thng dy chuyn ng chai t ng ti cng ty c phn du thc vt Tng An, cng ty c phn du thc vt Tn Bnh, cng ty m. Ngoi ra, cng ty m VOCARIMEX cn u t pht trin ngnh dch v, nng cp, m rng, u t mi cc vn phng lm vic nh: u t xy dng nh vn phng lm vic v cho thu vn phng ca chi

nhnh tng cng ty ti H Ni. tn/nm. u t gp vn thnh lp mi hai cng ty con gm: Cng ty c phn trch ly u t, nng cp m rng cng du thc vt c cng sut chuyn ti 500,000

du thc vt ( VOE JSC thng 11-2007 ), vi vn iu l 140 t ng, trong VOCARIMEX nm gi 51%, tng ng 71,4 t ng; cng ty c phn thng mi du thc vt ( VOT JSC thng 3 2008 ), vn iu l 30 t ng, trong VOCARIMEX nm gi 51%, tng ng 15,3 t ng. Nm 2007, u t v a vo hot ng s dng thit b tinh luyn du thc

vt cng sut 100tn/ngy; nm 2008 a dy chuyn ng du chai t ng; thng 9 2009 a vo lp t thit b dy chuyn tch phn on du c 300 tn/ngy, d kin thng 5/2010 a vo hot ng ti nh my du thc vt VOCAR Qun 7. Nhn chung, ch trng u t cc d n trn bc u u pht huy c tc dng v mang li hiu qu kinh t cao, gp phn a t hp cng ty m - Cng ty con Cng ty lin kt ngy cng pht trin vng mnh.


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5. Thit b cng ngh, sn phm:Ngnh ch bin du n: Trong tinh luyn du thc vt, VOCARIMEX s dng c 2 phng php cng ngh tin tin ca chu u l phng php tinh luyn vt l v tinh luyn ha hc gim tiu hao nguyn, nhin vt liu, gim hm lng acid bo, kh mu, kh mi du thc vt cc loi ( du c, du nnh, du m). T , cht lng du n sn xut ra lun t tiu chun quc t; sn phm ca t hp m con t danh hiu hng Vit Nam cht lng cao, Sao Vng t Vit . Hin cc n v, doanh nghip thnh vin trong h thng t hp m con VOCARIMEX u c cp giy chng nhn ISO 9001 : 2000. Ngnh m phm, ha m phm: u t my mc, thit b vi cng ngh tin tin hng u ti Vit Nam sn xut cc loi m phm, du gi, sn phm ty ra gioa dng mang nhn hiu Essance, Ezup, Lacvert, Double rich Ngnh bao b giy, nha: H thng my mc, thit b c u t ng b, vi cng ngh tin tin. Kt qu ca cng tc u t xy dng, gp vn lin doanh, lin kt trong nhng nm qua cho thy nng lc sn xut ca ton ngnh c nng ln gp nhiu ln so vi trc kia. iu ny c th hin qua s liu sau: Du thc vt: 828.000 tn/ nm Thng carton: 36 triu thng/ nm Chai nha PET: 33,6 triu chai/ nm Np nt chai nha: 60 triu b/ nm M phm, ha m phm: 2 triu sn phm/ nm Vi kt qu trn, VOCARIMEX tng bc khng nh l doanh nghip ln chuyn sn xut a ngnh trong lnh vc du n, hng liu, m phm. p ng cho nhu cu ngy cng a dng ca th trng trong v ngoi nc. Cc sn phm do VOCARIMEX sn xut c mu m, bao b p, cht lng cao, ph hp vi th hiu ngi tiu dng v c kh nng cnh tranh vi sn phm trong khu vc v th gii. Vi trn 50 dng sn phm du n, ton t hp chim khong 95% th phn du n trong nc; hng trm sn phm m phm, ha m phm, chim 20% th phn v hng chc sn phm bao b phc v cc ngnh ch bin thc phm, nc gii khc.


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1. TM QUAN TRNG CA DU THC VTCng nghip sn xut du thc vt rt quan trng, sn lng v du thc vt ni ring v cht bo ni chung trn th gii khng ngng tng ln. Trong vng 30 nm (1960 n 1989) sn lng ny tng ln 2,7 ln v t khong 77 triu tn (1989). Trong s ny, c n 74 % c sn xut t nhng ht c du v nhng tri c du (u nnh, olive, lc...). Ty u v M l hai khu vc c sn lng du bo ln nht th gii. Cht bo l thnh phn rt quan trng trong c th ngi, v mt y hc, nu c th thiu cht bo th n s s dng cht bo c trong cc m d tr lm cho c th st cn, gy yu. Du thc vt l mt loi thc n cung cp nng lng ln gp hai ln so vi gluxit, n c th s dng dng nguyn cht hay ch bin. Ngoi ra, du thc vt cn c ng dng trong cc ngnh cng nghip nh cng nghip x phng, sn, vecni, sn xut glyxrin... Ngoi ra, kh, b du thi ra trong cng nghip sn xut du thc vt c th s dng lm nc chm, thc n gia sc, phn bn Nguyn liu c du mun tr thnh nguyn liu cho cng nghip sn xut du th phi trng trt theo quy m ln m t tiu tn sc lao ng. Hin nay, hu ht cc qu trnh, t lc gieo trng n khi thu hoch u c c kh ho hon ton. Vi nhng cy hoang di, mc du c cha hm lng du tng i cao nhng khng s dng trong cng nghip c v thu hoch qu v ht kh khn.

2. TNG QUAN NGUYN LIU HT DU2.1 Qu trnh to thnh du thc vt.Qu trnh to thnh du (lipid) trong ht c du xy ra khi ht chn. Cc hp cht hu c v v c thin nhin chuyn vo ht t cc phn xanh ca cy, l t t thng qua h r, t chuyn thnh cc cht d tr trong ht, lc u to ra cc cht glucid, in hnh l tinh bt, sau khi ht chn dn th ht tinh bt s chuyn thnh ht lipid. giai on u khi ht chn, du c nhiu acid bo t do. Sau lng acid bo t do gim xung v hm lng triglyceride dng hp cht lin kt t ba phn t acid bo v glycerin tng ln.. Lc u, t cc sn phm phn t thp to ra acid bo c mi su nguyn t cacbon (acid palmitic); sau mch acid bo s c ko di ra thm tng hai nguyn t cacbon mt.GVHD: Th.S Trng Th M Linh 16


Glycerin trong cc ht chn c to thnh t nhng phn t c ba nguyn t cacbon. Ngoi triglyceride, trong cc ht du chn cn cha protein d tr.

2.2 Thnh phn ho hc ca ht du2.2.1 Lipit: l nhng cht ho tan tt trong dung mi hu c khng phn cc nh xng, hecxan, ete etylic, cacbon tetraclorua, ; khng ho tan trong nc. Lipid trong cc ht cha du ch yu l cc triglyceride. Hm lng lipid dao ng trong khong 25 75% khi lng ht. Trong cc ht cha du, lipit thng lin kt vi cc cht khc, vi protein, saccharide v cc dn xut ca chng. Triglyceride l thnh phn chim ch yu (95 98%) ca lipid qu v ht du. Phospholipide (gm): c hm lng dao ng t 0.25 2% so vi s lng du trong ht. Phospholipide d b oxi ho nn cn c coi l cht chng oxi ho ca du. Khi ch bin cng ngh ht du, phospholipide s kt hp vi glucid to sn phm sm mu melanophosphatide, d kt hp vi protein v cc thnh phn ho hc khc ca ht du. Sp: c trong hu ht cc loi qu v ht cha du: m, u nnh, hng dng,sp ph thnh lp mng trn cc m b ca ht v qu. Sp bo v cc m thc vt khi nhng tc ng c hc v cc tc ng khc. Sp cng b thu phn nhng xy ra iu kin mnh hn v b thu phn chm hn, kh hn so vi cht bo. Sp tr ho hc, khng b tch ra ngay c khi tinh luyn du bng kim. Nhng tinh th sp c kch thc rt nh, khng lng thnh cn m to thnh mng cc ht l lng, lm gim hnh thc du. 2.2.2 Hp cht khng bo khng x phng ho: Nhng cht khng bo khng x phng ho l nhm hp cht hu c c cu to ho hc c trng khc nhau, tan tt trong du v cc loi dung mi ca du. Khi tch du, nhng cht ny s theo du tch ra khi ht v lm cho du c mu sc, mi, v ring bit. Cc hp cht ny c trong du vi hm lng 0.4 2.9%, tu thuc c im tng ging ht, iu kin sinh trng v phng php tch du. Nhng tc ng cng


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ngh mnh khi tch du s lm cho lng cc cht khng bo khng x phng ho s chuyn vo du nhiu ln. Mu sc ca du l do s c mt ca cc sc t ho tan trong cht bo v nhng lipid mang mu. Trong cc du thc vt thng gp nhm cht carotenoide, mu t vng ti n sm. S c mt ca cc clorophil v cc sn phm chuyn ho ca n lm cho du c mu pht xanh nh du gai, du nnh, Tnh bn khng b oxi ho ca du thc vt l do s c mt ca hp cht tocopherol trong du v tocopherol c hot tnh chng oxi ho mnh. Tocopherol tan tt trong du v trong cc dung mi hu c khng phn cc, khng tan trong nc. Chng khng b phn hu khi tc dng vi acid hoc kim v c khi un nng du n 120o trong thi gian ngn. hm lng tocopherol trong du t 40 280 mg trong 100 g. Ngoi ra, trong du thc vt cn c mt lng nh lipid phn cc, l hp cht ca ru hai chc v acid bo. 2.2.3 Cc hp cht c nit (c c tnh protein v phi protein): Hp cht c nit trong ht du chim 20 25% khi lng ht, tr u nnh c protein chim n 33 50% khi lng ht. Protein n gin c trong ht du thc hin chc nng l cht d tr: - Albumin: protein ho tan trong nc. - Globulin: ho tan trong dung dch NaCl 10%. - Glutelin: ho tan trong dung dch. - Protein khng tan. Protein ca ht c tnh ho nc v trng n trong nc. Trong iu kin phi hp nhit v m nht nh, protein c kh nng bin mt tnh do, sau khi lm lnh to thnh vt th rn vn gi nguyn c hnh dng c. Tnh cht ny c ng dng rng ri trong qu trnh tch du ra khi ht. Nit phi protein ca ht du nm trong nhm cht c nit ca phospholipide, vitamin v coenzyme, glycoside v cc cht ankaloide. Khi protein b phn hu trong qu trnh ht h hng, lng nit phi protein s tng ln do chnh nit ca acid amin t do.


18


2.2.4 Glucide v cc dn xut ca chng: Hm lng dao ng trong khong 6 27% (tu loi), ch yu l cellulose v hemicellulose tp trung v qu, v ht. Ngoi ra cn c pectin, lignin, fitomelan. 2.2.5 Cht khong: Tp trung ch yu nhn ht vi hm lng 1.8 7.3% tu loi ht. Ch yu l oxit ca cc nguyn t P, K, Mg (trn 90% lng tro chung), ngoi ra cn c Ca, Fe, S, Mn, Cu, cng mt lng rt nh cc nguyn t phng x.

2.3 Ht cha duc im quan trng ca ht du l m thp, ngn cn s bin i c hc v s ph hy ca cn trng. Da vo u im ny, du thng khng c tch chit sm ra khi ht du m s c bo qun trong ht nhm ngn cn cc bin i khng mong mun ca du th. Hu ht cc ht rau qu u cha du nhng ch nhng nguyn liu c hm lng du cao mi c s dng trong qu trnh sn xut du. Tuy nhin, mt s cc ht li c kh nng s dng cho trch ly du l thnh phn loi ra ca qu trnh sn xut mt sn phm khc (ht c chua trong ch bin nc c chua hay ht nho trong sn xut ru vang). Nhc im ca vic sn xut du t ht du l: Du trong ht du khng nm dng t do, bn ngoi m c nht trong cc khe vch bn trong t bo, qu trnh tch chit du khng th tin hnh trc tip m phi qua cc khu chun b phc tp. Mt s ht c hm lng du cao nhng qu trnh trch ly du c th km theo s gii phng mt s hp cht khng mong mun, kh phn tch khi du. Mt s ht du s dng ph bin trong qu trnh sn xut du:


19


2.3.1 Da. L c sn ca mt s nc trong c Vit Nam. Qu da c ng knh khong 300mm, nng 1.5 2.0 kg. V dy, c cu to si. Trong lp v l s da, trong lp s da l lp cm da cha du. Cm da c tch ra ri phi hoc sy n m 7 8%, thu c cm da kh. Mt tri da thu c 230 250g cm da kh. Thnh phn ho hc ca cm da (tnh theo phn trm cht kh) Lipid Protein Cellulose Tro 60 70% 7.8 8.2% 5.8 6.1% 2.4 3.7%

Du da c p t cm da kh, c mu vng nht. nhit thp (nh hn 24oC) ng c nh m, c mi thm c trng ca da. Du da dng n, ch bin bnh ko, sn xut magarin v x phng. Thnh phn acid bo: Acid bo khng no (Oleic): Acid lauric: Acid myristic: 2.3.2 C du. Qu c nng 5.5 10.2 g. Qu tp trung trn cung hoa kiu hnh chu (bung c) c t 1300 2300 qu. Qu c du c bao bc bi mt lp v si, di lp ny l phn tht c du bn trong l ht c (nhn) cng cha du. Du c c p ra t qu c v nhn c, thnh phn ho hc ca du p ra t qu v nhn khc nhau. Du qu c mu vng n do c nhiu -caroten. 9% v m trong lng p >3% trong 3 ca lin tip. My ang chy pht ra ting ng l. C vt l lt vo lng my ng ca np liu, tt my, thng lng p, tm vt l. 1.ng ca np liu vo lng 1.Nu c my pht My ang chy b cp in 2.Nu qu 15 pht m khng c my pht in, b s b kh cng p. Khi ng my p v thng lng p bng ht m sng. 2.Kha van hi chnh, ng ca np liu.tho cm p, tho nguyn liu ra Ngng my kim tra. Tng cng phun m iu chnh my nghin cn M lng p, thay dao gt Hiu chnh li cc khe h gia cc dao cn, thay dao cn mi


51


1.2.5 Hm lng :Du sau khi p ra c cha trong hm lng lng bt tp cht sau c a i tch tp cht v tch sp. Phn cn lng c cho tr li vo ni chng sy v p ly li du cn trong cn.

1.2.6 Lc s b :C ch : Du th c trn vi t hot tnh vi t l nht nh sau c bm vo thit b lc khung bn cng vi kh y, gia cc lp khung v bn c lt cc lp vi lc nhm tng kh nng lc ca thit b. p cht khung v bn nh c cu ai vt xon nh tay quay, l dn huyn ph nhp liu ca khung v bn c ni lin to thnh ng dn nh ra ghp vi h thng cp liu. Du lc chy ra t bn qua h thng ng ng v ly ra ngoi, b c gi li trn b mt vch ngn lc v c cha trong khung, khi b trong khung y th dng qu trnh lc tin hnh tho b. Du sau khi p c lc qua lp li lc (bn di trc vis) nhng vn cn ln nhiu tp cht, ch yu l cc mnh nguyn liu. bo qun du c lu hn cn phi tin hnh lng lc. Trc tin cho du chy trn vo b cha lng s b cc tp cht ln, sau bm ln my lc khung bn tch cn huyn ph. nht ca du nh hng rt ln n tc lc. Nh vy, tc lc ph thuc vo nhit ca du. Nhit cng cao, nht cng thp, lc cng nhanh nhng s cn ha tan vo du nhiu nn du khng c lc sch. Nhit du sau khi p lc thng khong 45-650C. Cn huyn ph s c a tr li ni chng sy thu hi du cn du sau lc s c bm ra cc bn cha ngui n nhit mi trng ri tin hnh tch sp. My lc khung bn: Cu to ca my gm mt loi bn lc xp thng ng trn khung my v c p cht vi nhau bi mt trc ci.


52


Thit b lc khung bn


53


Cc loi khung lc c cu to hnh vung, thng c lm bng gang, gia hai khung c p cht vi nhau bng mt lp vi lc, cht lng s i quan cc l thng vo cc khung, di nh hng ca sc nn s thm qua vi lc ri chy theo rnh trn khung bn ra vi tp trung vo cc b cha, cn cc tp cht s lu li trn vi lc v hnh thnh cc b, c ly ra theo tng thi gian quy nh. Trng hp cht lng c nhiu cn b thng dng loi my p lc c khung rng, trong ngi ta t mt khung rng gia hai khung lc, cht lng vo khung rng thm qua vi lc vo khung lc. Cc khung lc c p cht vi nhau nh trc nn, v vy d p lc khi lc ln cao, cht lng vn khng ngm qua cc khe gia cc thnh khung, khi lp my phi lp cc khung ngay ngn, vi lc cng u v phng m bo cho my kn, cht lng khng chy ra ngoi. Vi lc thng dng loi vi bt hoc vi cho bng c bit, kch thc c ct ng theo khung. Trc khi s dng phi ngm vi vo nc sau phi tht kh ri mi lp vo my trnh vi b co rt thay i hnh dng.Vi lc thng d b rch, thng di tc dng ca p lc, nhit , s c ra, m bo cho vi dng c lu, khi co b khng nn dng dao kim loi, c th dng dao g hoc nha; nhit yu cu khng cao qu 1000C. Lc u do lp b lc cha hnh thnh nn du lc ra hi b vn c. V c mt t cn cng thm qua vi lc, cn em du lc li. Trong khi lc cn thng xuyn theo di cc vi chy, pht hin nhng vi chy b c (do vi lc b rch hoc thng) kp thi kha li khung ngng hot ng. Sau mt thi gian, lp b dy ln n mc nht nh th cn ngng my co b. Trc khi ngng lc co, cn thi kh nn vo my lc thi sch du cn ng li trong my v p kit du trong b. Sau tho lng trc nn, lm ri cc khung v tin hnh co b. Cn c vo tp cht trong du m, ngi ta cn chia ra lc nng v lc ngui. Lc nng ch yu l loi tr cc tp cht c hc, lc ngui ch yu l loi tr cc tp cht c tnh keo phn tn trong du (qu trnh lc tch sp), cng nh phng php lng, iu kin cn thit ca qu trnh lc ngui l h nhit du ti nhit ngng kt ti hn.


54


1.2.7 Lng sp :Du sau khi lc s b c bm vo bn cha h nhit (khong 300C) nhm cho cc tinh th sp hnh thnh.

1.2.8 Tch sp :Du sau khi h nhit th bt u tch sp bng thit b lc khung bn. C ch : tng t lc s b nhng t c thay bng than hot tnh nhm loi bt 1 s cht mu trong du. Vn hnh dy chuyn: 1. 2. Khi ng l hi. i p lc l hi ln khong 4-5kg/cm2 th m van x nc ngng khonh 2

pht nc ngng trong ng ng chy v b cha. Sau kha van x nc ngng li. 3. 4. M t t van gin tip (hi qu nhit) vo 4 tng ca ni chng sy 1 v 2. Khi nhit tng 1 ca ni chng sy t 60-700C th nhn cng tc khi

ng cnh khuy hai ni chng sy v tin hnh np liu vo ni chng sy. 5. 6. Khi ng qut ht bi cho my sng. Khi ng my sng v vis ti 1. Cp nguyn liu cho vis ti vis ti chuyn nguyn liu ln cho cyclon. Khi mc nguyn liu trong cyclon cao hn mc bo thp nht th m ca

np liu cho my sng. iu chnh lng nguyn liu xung my sng bng cch iu chnh tc

motor cp liu. 7. Khi ng my nghin cn 1 hoc 2, vis ti 2. 8. Khi ng gu ti 1 cp nguyn liu cho my nghin cn. Ch kim tra

ht m sau khi nghin cn xem t nh, mng, v ng u cha iu chnh khe h gia 2 rulo cho ph hp. 9. Khi ng gu ti 2 v vis ti 3 np liu cho ni chng sy. Ban u ch np liu cho ni chng sy 1. ng ca np liu cho tng 2, 3, 4 ca ni chng sy 1. ng ca np liu ca ni chng sy 2 v ca np liu cho tng 2, 3, 4 cu

ni chng sy.


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-

Khi tng 1 ca ni chng sy 1 y nguyn liu th ko ca np liu

nguyn liu i vo tng 1 ca ni chng sy 2. Khi nguyn liu y tng 1 ca ni chng sy 2 th ng ca np liu li

nguyn liu i vo ni 1. M ca np liu tng 2 ca ni chng sy 1 nguyn liu i xung tng 2.

Tng t np y tng 2 ca ni chng sy 1 qua tng 2 ca ni 2, tng 3 ca ni 1 qua tng 3 ca ni 2, tng 4 ca ni 1 qua tng 4 cu ni 2. Qu trnh np liu s kt thc khi c bn tng ca hai ni chng sy u y. 10. Khi ng ng c np liu v my p ETP 20.3. 11. M ca np liu cho nguyn liu i vo lng p. 12. Khi ng vis ti 4 [vis ti hi b (phi]. 13. Theo di np liu thng qua ampe k. 14. Khi khi ng khng c cho my p lm vic y ti. 15. Ban u b ra di dng bt, cha ng thnh bnh do p lc p cha cao. Lc nn cha . Phi iu chnh m v du trong b thng qua nhit chng sy v phun hi m. 16. B lc ny cha t nn phi em chng sy li. 17. n khi b t yu cu (chiu dy ca b khong 8-12mm) th mi vn hnh vis ti 5 v gu ti 3 chuyn b i. Lc ny bt u cho my p lm vic y ti. 18. M van nc lm ngui cho lng p. 19. Ch thng xuyn theo di ampe k v cc thng s k thut lin quan. 20. Du thu c sau khi p theo ng dn v hm lng 1, chy trn qua hm lng 2. Vn hnh bm ly tm hoc bm bnh rng bm du ln my p lc khung bn. M van cp du vo my p lc. Khi du bt u thot ra cc vi du th chnh van hi lu nng p lc cho my p hot ng n nh. p lc lm vic(theo di trn p k): Bm ly tm: 2-4kg/cm2 Bm bnh rng: 2-6 kg/cm2 Thng xuyn kim tra cc vi du, nu vi no b c th phi kha li.


56


2. QUY TRNH TINH LUYN DU 2.1 Quy trnh cng ngh:

Du th dd H3PO4 Ty gum

NaOH

Trung ha (to = 85 - 90oC) Cn x phng

Ly tm tch cn t0 nc 980C

Ra du

Nc x phng

Sy kh nc t0 = 105 1100C

Than, t hot tnh

Ty mu

Lc Acid bo

Hi phun trc tip

Kh mi

Lc

Du tinh luyn


57


2.2 Thuyt minh quy trnha. Ty gm: Nguyn tc tch: Da vo phn ng hydrat ha lm ta cc tp cht keo ha tan trong du v tch chng ra khi du bng phng php lng hoc ly tm. Dng mt lng nht nh nc nng hoc dung dch long cc cht in ly, cc aicd v c Trn ln vi du mt nhit thch hp lm kt ta cc tp cht. Hydrat ho cn c kh nng l gim ch s acid ha ca du, mt mt l do cc tp cht keo c tnh acid pht sinh gim, mt khc c mt s acid bo cng b ko theo kt ta, gim c mc tiu hao du trung tnh trong khu luyn bng kim. Tin hnh: Du th c un nng n nhit quy nh khong 500C, ri va khuy va cho dung dch ha cht long hoc H20 nhit 500C vi s lng khong 1-3% so vi tng du m a vo trong thi gian 20-30 pht. Khi gn kt thc, ly mu ln ming knh quan st, nu kt ta trng thi x tch hn khi du m th ngng khuy. Sau , tip tc lng cho n khi kt ta hon ton lng xung y th c. Sau thi gian lng khong 40-60 pht, cc tp cht gm cc tp cht c hc, nc trong du, cc thnh phn th rn c t trng ln hn du s lng xung. Ta s tho cn hoc c th dng my ly tm (my ly tm th lng hoc th rn) phn ly du v cn nh hoc nc ln trong du. b. Trung ha: Mc ch: Mc ch ch yu l loi tr cc acid bo t do (ha AV ca du xung ht x phng nh-> kh kt lng-> to nh tng. Nu tc khuy thp-> tc trung ha km. Tc khuy lc u 40 vng/ pht Lc sau 20 vng/ pht


59


c. Ra du: Mc ch: Loi b ht x phng trong du (ngoi ra protein v cc tp cht khi gp nc nng s trng nh ra v chuyn thnh dng khng ha tan v tt c s c tch ra khi du). Tin hnh: loi tr ht x phng trong du, cn tin hnh ra du lin tc nhiu ln. Lng nc ra mi ln khong 3-5% so vi du. S ln ra khong 3 ln. Nhit nc ra 90-980C Dng my ly tm th lng phn ly nc ra khi du. Du sau khi ra phi nh tnh x phng. d. Sy: Mc ch: Tch m ra khi du sau khi ra. Tin hnh Nhit sy : 105- 110 0C Thi gian sy 45-60 pht e. Ty mu: Du c mu sc l do s tn ti ca mt s cht mu c tnh tan trong du. Cht tn ti ph bin nht l carotenoid. Carotenoid gm khong 60 n 70 cht khc nhau c mu vng sng n thm, trong nhm ny quan trng nht l carotin.Chng l nhng cht khng no v vy chng rt d b oxi ha bi oxi khng kh. Trong cng nghip thc phm, du cn c loi tr ht mu sc, m bo cc yu cu v mu sc cng nh loi tr mt s hp cht khng c li. Ty


60


thuc vo cu to v tnh cht ca cht gy mu m ngi ta p dng cc bin php ty mu khc nhau. Mc ch chnh ca cng on ty mu l lm gim mu cho du theo ng yu cu cng ngh bng cch hp ph mu trn t v than hot tnh. Ty mu cn cho php loi tr lng x phng cn st li sau qu trnh trung ha, trc khi du i qua giai on kh mi. Ngoi ra, trong thc t sn xut, qu trnh ty mu cng lm gim i mt phn cc cht mi t nhin vn c ca du th (kh nng hp ph mi ca than hot tnh s dng ty mu). Mc mn ca cht hp ph cn c mt gii hn nht nh, v nu qu mn sau khi ty mu kh tch ra khi du m. Nguyn tc ca ty mu: Phng php ny da vo kh nng hp ph ca cc cht c tnh hp ph b mt. S hp ph ny c tnh chn lc i vi du m l hp ph cc cht mu. Sau khi hp ph xong tin hnh tch cc cht hp ph ra khi du. Yu cu cht hp ph: Cc cht hp ph thng c cu to xp dng bt, khi s dng cn m bo cc yu cu sau y: C kh nng hp ph ln nht, ngha l dng mt lng nho nht vn t hiu qu hp ph ln nht. C kh nng hp ph chn lc i vi cc cht mu v ch hp ph rt t du m Khi s dng khng gy ra nhng bin i ha hc v khng mang thm cc mi v khc vo du m. Sau khi hp ph d dng tch ra bng phng php lc. Ngun cung cp d tm, gi r. Trong cc nh my tinh luyn du m hin i thng s dng phi hp gia t v than hot tnh to thnh hn hp cht hp ph, vi tc dng hp ph chung ca chng hiu qu ty mu s tt hn so vi s dng ring tng loi.


61


Phng php ty mu: Ty mu bng phng php ha hc: Dng tc nhn oxy ha lm mt mu hay mt cu trc mu, lm du c mu sng hn. Ty mu bng phng php vt l: Da trn tnh hp th ca t v than hot tnh. Phng php ny thng c cc nh my s dng v phn loi theo cng ngh: Cng ngh ty mu gin on v cng ngh ty mu lin tc Ti nh my du thc vt Vocar du c ty mu theo cng ngh ty mu lin tc bng dy chuyn ty mu Desmet Unibleach. Qu trnh ty mu c thc hin trong thp ty mu hon ton t ng ha vi cc thng s k thut c ci t sn v iu khin bng my vi tnh. Tin hnh: Du sau khi trung ha c ra nc, sy 100-1050C, sau c ht vo thit b ty mu. Du sau khi c gia nhit c cung cp cho bn trn than v t theo mt lng nh trc v c ht ln bn ty mu nh chn khng ca thit b. Ti y, hn hp du- t- than c cnh khuy trn u, lc ny nhit hn hp t 90-1000C, lng cht hp ph cho vo khong 0,1-4% so vi trng lng du. Thi gian ty mu 20-30 pht Ty mu xong cn lm ngui du ri dng my p lc phn ly b hp ph v du. Ngoi vic lc chn cc cht hp ph c hot tnh cao, mun qu trnh hp ph tt, du m trc khi ty mu cn loi tr ht tp cht, nht l nc, ng thi cht ty mu cng phi m bo kh Thc t cho rng, cht hp ph khi trong du m di trng thi phn tn cao , nu tip xc vi khng kh s lm cho du oxi ha mnh. V vy, iu kin cn thit trnh tip xc vi khng kh l phi ty mu trong chn khng.


62


f. Lc: Mc ch ca qu trnh lc l loi b tp cht v cht hp ph. Du sau khi ty mu xong c lm ngui, ri dng my p lc khung bn phn ly b hp ph v du. Du sau khi ty mu d b oxi ha nn cn cha trong thng kn trnh tip xc vi Fe (Fe l cht xc tc cho qu trnh oxi ha) g. Kh mi: Loi b cc mi l v cc cht gy mi cho du m qu trnh ty mu khng loi b c: Mi t , than chng li hin tng i du, ngi ta thng s dng nhng cht chng oxi ha bo qun du: BHA, BHT, TBHQ Dng hi kh hoc hi qu nhit tip xc trc tip vi du trong iu kin chn khng v nhit cao. Cc cht gy mi trong du s c hi nc ko ra khi du. h. Du tinh luyn: Qu trnh tinh luyn s loi cc tp cht trn ra khi du th, m bo cc yu cu cht lng trong cc lnh vc s dng. Du m sau khi tinh luyn, cn t cc yu cu: V mu sc:mu vng nht, trong sut. V mi v: khng c mi v ban u ca du th, khng c mi l. V thnh phn: loi tr cc tp cht khng cn thit n mc thp nht, ng thi khng c li nhng tp cht sinh ra trong qu trnh tinh luyn. m bo cc yu cu v sinh cng nghip thc phm

i ) Thnh phm: Ty theo n t hng ca khch hng m ta c th ng chai, phuy hay can c dn nhn. my c 2 ch ng chai: Th cng v bn t ng. Khu ny phi kim tra cht ch .


63


3. QUY TRNH CNG NGH NG CHAI DU

Bn cha NL du tinh luyn

Bn phi ch

p lc

Bn cao v (trung gian)

Chit chai

B mng co Bng ti My sy mng co(hoc sy tay)Kim tra:px kim tra Mng co trong ca du

Chai khng t yu cu cn x l li

Chai du t: xp vo thng c vch ngn Xp bao nylon vo thng Dn ming thng Dn phiu kim tra ng quy nh

KCS kim tra giy nhp kho

Nhp kho


64


4. BNG M T SN PHM

L sn phm giu cht bo khng no, cc vitamin A, D,v E, d hp thu, khng to cholesterol, l ngun nng lng v dng cht dng nh v tn gip cho c th hot ng v pht trin. Vi cht lng t chun quc t, du n Voca c cung cp ti th trng ni a, c xut khu sang cc nc trong khu vc ng Nam , Hong Kong , Singapore , Nht Bn, cc nc Chu u.. v c ngi tiu dng nhng th trng ny tin tng. Voca lun xc nh tiu ch l phc v qu khch hng vi cht lng cao nht. gi c hp l nht. Thnh phn: Du olein, du nnh, du ht ci. Cht bo qun : (320), (321), (330) theo quyt nh ca B Y T. Ch tiu cht lng ch yu: FFA : 0,15% max Iodine (Wijs) : 56 min Cng dng: Dng chin xo, nu thc n, lm bnh v cc mn chay. Bo qun: ni thong mt v kh ro.


65



66


1. QUY TRNH KIM TRA CHT LNG TRONG S CH.

M

KS 1

L hi

Sng tp cht

Nghin cn

KS 2 KS 3

Hi bo ha

Chng sy

KS 4 KS 5

B

p

Phi

Du

Hm lng

Lc s b

Cn lng

Lng sp

Lc tch sp

Sp

KS 6

Du th


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KS 1: Kim tra nguyn liu ht c du Cc ch tiu kim tra FFA m ht Tp cht Hm lng du

Chu k: mi l hng nhp v (hoc mua trong nc)

KS 2: Kim tra nguyn liu ht sau khi nghin cn Cc ch tiu kim tra Phn trm ht b cn dt (90-95%)

Chu k: 2 ln/ mi ca sn xut

KS 3: Kim tra bt nghin sau khi chng sy Cc ch tiu kim tra m bt chng sy


KS 4: Kim tra hm lng du cn li trong b Cc ch tiu kim tra m Hm lng du


KS 5: Kim tra cht lng du sau khi p Cc ch tiu kim tra FFA Mu


KS 6: Kim tra cht lng ca du th Cc ch tiu kim tra FFA Mu

Chu k: 1 ln/ mi ca sn xutGVHD: Th.S Trng Th M Linh 68


2. QUY TRNH KIM TRA CHT LNG TRONG TINH LUYN.

Du th

KS 1

Thy ha

Trung ha

KS 2

Tch cn x phng

Ra

Sy kh

Ty mu

KS 3

Kh mi

KS 4


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KS 1: Kim tra cht lng ca du th Cc ch tiu kim tra FFA Mu IV

Chu k: 1 ln/1 bn du nguyn liu

KS 2: Kim tra cht lng du sau khi trung ha Cc ch tiu kim tra FFA Hm lng x phng

Chu k: 2h/1 ln

KS 3: Kim tra cht lng du sau khi ty mu Cc ch tiu kim tra Mu Hm lng x phng

Chu k: 2h/ 1 ln

KS 4: Kim tra cht lng ca du sau khi kh mi Cc ch tiu kim tra FFA Mu IV PV Cm quan m + tp cht

Chu k: 2h/ 1 ln


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3. QUY TRNH KIM TRA CHT LNG TRONG KHU THNH PHM.Bn cha du tinh luyn

KS 1

Bn phi ch

KS 2

p lc

Bn cao v

Rt du vo chai

KS 3

V co

In date trn chai

KS 4V thng

In date thng

Nhp kho

KS 5


71


KS1: Kim tra cht lng du trong bn cha Cc ch tiu kim tra FFA PV Mu IV Tn sut kim tra:1 ln/ bn du trong 1 thng.

KS2: Kim tra cht lng du trong bn phi ch. Cc ch tiu kim tra FFA PV Mu IV Tn sut kim tra:1 ln/ bn du phi ch.

KS3: Kim tra cht lng du rt vo chai Cc ch tiu kim tra Kim tra cm quan ti cc vi rt. Tn sut kim tra:1 ln vo u ca sn xut hay khi thay i cc loi du.

KS4: Cc ch tiu kim tra Kim tra cm quan v co, in date, xp chai v thng Tn sut kim tra:ti thiu 3 ln/ 1 ca sx

KS5: Cc ch tiu kim tra Kim tra cm quan Tn sut kim tra: 1 ln/ 1 l hng


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4. CC QUY NH KIM TRA CHT LNG NGNH TINH CH. Khu trung ha: AV sau trung ho, o mu du, nh tch x phng tng m. Ty mu: AV sau ty mu, o mu, cm quan sng. Kh mi: AV sau kh mi, o mu du. Cm quan sng, mi. MP v mu du c. X phng nh lng (khi c s c) Cn ho cht chng oxy ha, pha acid citric Lu mu KT i chng. Khu sn xut shortening: AV, PoV (3 ln/ca) o mu du, MP. Cn kch thc, khi lng tnh. Khu pha ch v lc: AV, PoV, o mu, cm quan. Cn ha cht cho tng m.


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5. CC PHNG PHP KIM TRAPHNG PHP XC NH CH S AXIT V HM LNG AXIT BO T DOTheo AOCS Ca 5a 40, TCVN 6127:2007 1. Phm vi ng dng: Cho tt c cc loi du thc vt v m ng vt th v tinh luyn. 2. nh ngha: Ch s axit l s mg KOH cn thit trung ho axit t do c trong mu c biu th theo axit lauric, axit palmitic, axit oleic tu theo bn cht ca du v m. 3. Nguyn tc: ho tan lng mu th trong etanol nng v chun bng dung dch kali hydroxit. 4. Thuc th: 4.1 KOH tinh th loi AR cn th, trng, khng b vng. 4.2 Etanol sch 95 % ( loi dng cho y t). 4.3 Etanol tinh khit 99.5 % 4.4 Phenolphtalein dung dch 1 % pha trong etol 95 %. 4.5 Dung dch chun HCl 0,1N / 0,25N / 0,4N / 1,0N c pha t ng chun 0,1N. 4.6 Nc ct loi 3 theo TCVN 4851 89. Ty theo ch s axit ca mu th nghim chun b dung dch KOH c nng theo bng 1. 4.7 Dung dch chun KOH 0,1N pha trong etanol 950 (c pha long t etanol 99,5%) v c xc nh li nng chnh xc bng dung dch chun HCL 0,1N. Chun b dung dch KOH 0,1N Cn khong 7g KOH vo cc thy tinh, cho nc ct va ho tan. Chun b 970 ml dung dch etanol 960 t etanol 99,50 trong ng ong 1000 ml bng cch thm nc ct vo cho dung dch KOH c ha tan trn vo v khuy u. Thm etanol 99,50 vo n vch 1000 ml. yn hn hp trong vi ngy. Gn dch lc pha trn, em lc v s dng.


74


Cch chun dung dch KOH 0,1N Dng pipet bu ly chnh xc 10ml dung dch HCl 0,1N cho vo bnh tam gic pha long dung dch vi 20ml nc ct, thm vo vi git phenophtalein chun bng dung dch KOH cho n khi xut hin mu hng nht bn trong 30 giy Cch tnh Nng ng lng ca dung dch KOH. NKOH = VHCl NHCl / VKOH 4.8 Dung dch chun KOH 0,25N pha trong etanol 950 v c xc nh li nng chnh xc bng dung dch chun HCl 0,25N. Tin hnh tng t (4.5) 4.9 Dung dch chun KOH 0,5N pha trong etanol 950 v c xc nh li nng chnh xc bng dung dch chun HCl 0,4N. Tin hnh tng t (4.5) 4.10 Dung dch chun KOH 1,0N pha trong etanol 950 v c xc nh li nng chnh xc bng dung dch chun HCl 1,0N. Tin hnh tng t (4.5). 5. Thit b v dng c: 5.1 Bp in knh. 5.2 Cn k thut chnh xc n 0,01g 5.3 Buret 10 ml vch chia 0,02 ml 5.4 Bnh nh mc 250 ml / 1000 ml. 5.5 Pipet bu 10 ml. 5.6 Bnh tam gic dung tch 250 ml 5.7 ng ong 250ml / 1000 ml 6. Chun b mu: Lm tan chy mu nu mu cha dng lng ( nhit lm tan chy mu khng c qu im nng chy 10oC ). 7. Tin hnh: Cn v cho vo bnh tam gic lng mu tng ng vi ch s FFA d kin theo bng 1.


75


FFA, % < 0,2 0,2 1 1 30 30 50 50 100 8. Tnh kt qu: AV = V F/m FFA = AV X Trong :

Mu, g 56,4 0,2 28,2 0,2 7,05 0,05 7,05 0,05 3,53 0,01

Etanol, ml 50 50 75 100 100

KOH, N 0,1 0,1 0,25 0,5 1,0

FFA l hm lng axit bo t do, tnh bng %. V l th tch dung dch chun KOH dng xc nh, tnh bng ml F l h s hiu chnh F = NKOH 56,11 m l khi lng mu th, tnh bng g. X l h s quy i tnh theo axit ca tng loi cht bo ( mu ). Loi cht bo Du da Du c Cc loi du khc 9. Bo co kt qu: Kt qu c lm trn n s l th hai i vi du th, s l th ba i vi d tinh luyn. Kt qu ca hai ln th lin tip khng chnh lch vt qu khi FFA 3,19 khi FFA > 3. Trong bo co kt qu phi ghi y cc chi tit cn thit lin quan n vic nhn bit mu. Nu qu trnh th nghim thc hin khng ng vi cc quy nh trong tiu chun th phi c ghi ch r trong bo co ca phng th nghim. Tnh theo Axit lauric Axit palmitic Axit Oleic X 0,356 0,456 0,503


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PHNG PHP XC NH CH S IODTheo AOCS Cd 1d-92, TCVN 6122:2007 1. Phm vi p dng: p dng cho tt c cc loi du v m khng cha ni i lin hp. 2. nh ngha: Ch s iod c dng o mc khng bo ho ca du v m, c tnh theo centigram iod c hp thu trn gam mu hoc gam iod c hp thu trn gam mu hoc gam iod c hp thu trn 100g mu (% iod c hp thu). 3. Nguyn tc: Ho tan mu th trong hn hp dung mi v cho them thuc th Wijs. Sau mt thi gian xc nh cho them dung dch kali iodua v H2O, chun lng iod c gii phng vi dung dch Natri Thiosunphat. 4. Thuc th : tt c cc thuc th phi l loi AR, nuc ct loi 3 theo TCVN 4851-89. 4.1 Dung dch KI 10%: ho tan 10g KI trong 100ml nc ct. KI phi kh ro, khng b vng. 4.2 Dung dch h tinh bt 1% c chun b bng cch cn chnh xc 1g h tinh bt v ho tan bng 3ml nc ct, cho them nc ct ang si vo dung dch ny n 100ml, un trong 3 pht, ngui trc khi dng. (Dung dch h tinh bt phi c bo qun nhit t 4 10oC). 4.3 Dung dch chun Natri thiosunphat 0,1N c pha t ng chun 0,1N vi nc ct v c xc nh li nng chnh xc bng dung dch chun Kali bicromat K2Cr2O7 0,1N. Phng trnh phn ng: KI + acid d + K2Cr2O7 I2 I2 + 2Na2S2O3 = 2NaI + Na2S4O6 Cch chun dung dch Na2S2O3 0,1N - Pha cn thn dung dch K2Cr2O7 0,1N t ng chun.


77


- Dng pipet ly chnh xc 25ml dd K2Cr2O7 0,1N cho vo bnh tam gic, dng ng ong thm vo 5ml dung dch acid sunfuric m c, 25ml dung dch KI 10%. y np v lc u, t trong bong ti 5 pht. - Choa vo bnh phn ng 100ml nc ct, chun bng dung dch bng dung dch Na2S2O3 n khi dung dch c mu xanh ve, thm 1- 2ml ch th h tinh bt 1% tip tc chun tht chm n khi mt mu xanh tm c trng ca ch th h tinh bt v c mu xanh dng. Cch tnh: - Nng ng lng ca dung dch Na2S2O3: NNa2S2O3 = VK2Cr2O7 x NK2Cr2O7 / VNa2S2O3 = 2,5 / VNa2S2O3 - H s hiu chnh: F = NNa2S2O3 / 0,1 4.4 Hn hp dung mi ho tan mu c chun b bng cch trn cc th tch bng nhau ca xyclohexan v acia acetic bng. 4.5 Thuc th Wijs, cha iod clorua n ICl trong acid acetic bng, chun b trong phng th nghim hoc c bn sn trn th trng. Chun b dung dch Wijs 4.5.1 Ho cht Iod thng hoa Iodine trichloride ( ICl3 ), AR Acid acetic bng, AR Tetrachlorua cacbon, AR ( cn thn v y l ho cht rt c) 4.5.2 Tin hnh Ho tan 100g ICl3 trong 2000ml dung mi gm 600ml CCl4 v 1400ml CH3COOH bng trong chai nu dung tch 2,5 lt. ch ti t nht 24 gi v thnh thong lc hn hp dung dch. Dng pipet ly 5ml dung dch vo bnh tam gic. Thm 20ml dung dich KI 10% v 100ml nc ct, chun ngay lp tc vi dung dch Na2S2O3 0,1N chun. lc mnh trong sut qu trnh chun . Khi mu dung dch chuyn sang mu vng rt nht, thm 2ml dung dch h tinh bt 1% v thm dung dch Na2S2O3 tng git cho


78


n khi dung dch chuyn t mu xanh thnh khng mu. Ghi th tch V1 ca dung dch Na2S2O3 dng. ( V1 phi nm trong khong 34 37ml ) Thm 1 lng W iod v gi dung dch trong 48h iod c ha tan hon ton. Cch khong 1 gi lc dung dch mt ln trong sut 48h. W = (N V1 / 1000 ) 126,9 2000 0,55/5 = 27,9 N V1 Trong : N l nng dung dch Na2S2O3 chun. Dng pipet ly 5 ml dung dch Wijs b sung iod v chun nh trn, ghi th tch V2 . Pha long dung dch thnh th tch tng cng V* bng hn hp dung mi CCl4 : CH3COOH (t l 3:7) V* = 2000 (25/5) ( V2/48) = 1000 * V2/48 5. Thit b v dng c : 5.1 T sy iu chnh nhit 5.2 cn phn tch chnh xc n 0,0001g 5.3 Buret 25ml vch chia 0,05ml 5.4 Bnh nh mc 1000ml 5.5 pipet bu 25ml 5.6 Bnh tam gic nt mi dung tch 500ml 5.7 Tha cn bng thy tinh 5.8 ng ht 2ml ( cng t gt ) 5.9 ng ong 50ml 5.10 ng ong 100ml 5.11 Giy lc Whatman no 1H


79


6. Chun b mu: Lm tan chy mu nu mu cha dng lng ( to lm tan chy mu khng c vt qu im nng chy 10oC ). Ly 1 lng mu va ( khong 60 80ml un trn bp n khi t nhit 100oC, thi gian lc ko di khng qu 5 pht. Mu sau khi lc t nhit 68 71 1oC th tin hnh cn mu trong tha cn. ( i vi mu du nnh th, du m th phi thm cng on lc trc khi un nng). 7. Tin hnh: Khi lng mu th nghim tng ng vi ch s iod d kin theo bng sau. Ch s iod d kin 20 v 50 > 50 v 100 > 100 v 150 > 150 v 200 Khi lng mu cn g 0,001 3,000 1,000 0,400 0,200 0,130 0,100

t tha thy tinh cha mu th vo bnh tam gic, cho thm 15ml hn hp dung mi (4.4), dng pipet thm 25ml thuc th Wijs (4.5). y np v lc mnh, t bnh ch ti 25 5oC. Chun b tng t vi mu trng. i vi mu c ch s IV thp hn 150, bnh trong bng ti 1 gi. Nu IV > 150, thi gian l 2 gi. Lc bnh ti thiu 2 3 ln trong sut thi gian phn ng. n cui thi im phn ng, cho thm 20ml KI 10% v 150ml nc ct ( lc u bnh tam gic sau mi ln thm). Chun bng dung dch Na2S2O3 chun (4.3) cho n khi dung dch c mu vng rt nht, thm 2ml ch th h tinh bt v tip tc chun cho n khi mt mu ch th. Tin hnh ng thi php xc nh nh trn vi mu trng.


80


8. Tnh kt qu: IV = ( Vo V ) 12,69 N/m hay IV = ( Vo V ) 12,69 F/m Trong : IV l ch s iod, tnh bng gI2/100g cht bo. Vo l th tch dung dch Na2S2O3 chun dng cho mu trng, tnh bng ml. V l th tch dung dch Na2S2O3 chun dng cho mu th, tnh bng ml. M l khi lng mu th, tnh bng g N l nng ng lng ca dung dch Na2S2O3 (4.3) F l h s hiu chnh (4.3) 9. Bo co kt qu: Kt qu c lm trn n s l th 2. Trong bo co kt qu phi ghi y cc chi tit cn thit lin quan n vic nhn bit mu. Nu qu trnh th nghim thc hin khng ng vi cc quy nh trong tiu chun th phi c ghi ch r trong bo co ca phng th nghim.


81


PP XC NH CH S PEOXITTCVN 6121:2007 1. Phm vi p dng p dng cho tt c cc loi du m thc vt v ng vt. 2. nh ngha Lng cht c trong mu th, tnh bng oxy hot tnh, lm oxy ho kali iodua, trn khi lng mu th, c tnh theo mili ng lng oxy hot tnh trn 1000g mu. 3. Nguyn tc X l phn mu trong mi trng acid axetic v cloroform bng dung dch kali iodua. Chun iodua t do bng dung dch chun nti thiosunphat. 4. Thuc th Tt c cc thuc th phi l AR. Nc ct theo TCVN 4851 89 4.1 dung dch chun Na2S2O3 0.1N 4.2 Dung dch chun Na2S2O3 0.002 N 4.3 Hn hp dung mi , chun b bng cch trn cc axit axetic bng v cloroform theo t l 3:2. 4.4 Dung dch h tinh bt 0,5% chun b ba82ngh cn chnh xc 0,5 g tinh bt

v ha tan bng 3 ml nc ct, cho thm nc ct ang si vo dung dch ny n 1000 ml un trong 3 pht ngi trc khi dng. Dung dch h tinh bt phi c bo qun nhit t 4-10oC 4.5 Dung dch KI bo ho va mi c chun bng ch pha KI vo nc ct

(KI phi kh ro, khng b vng) cho n khi tinh th KI khng th ha tan c na. 5. Thit b, dng c : 5.1 cn k thut chnh xc n 0.01 g 5.2 Buret 25ml vch cha 0.05ml


82


5.3 Bnh ng mc 500ml 5.4 Pipet 1ml 5.5 Pipet bu 10ml 5.6 Bnh tam gic c nhm c np dung tch 250ml 5.7 ng ht 2ml(cng t qut) 5.8 ng ng 50ml 6. Chun b mu Lm tan chy mu nu mu cha dng lng (nhit tan chy mu khng vt qu nhit nng chy 100oC Phi m bo bao b ng du m phi kn khng b h hng. Khi kim tra nhiu ch tiu th u tin th ch tiu peroxyt trc 7. Cch tin hnh Cn khong 5g mu vo bnh tam gic thm 30 ml hn hp dung mi v y np. Lc bnh cho n khi mu tan hon ton Dng pipet cho tip 0.5 ml dung dch KI bo ha ( dung dch KI phi khng b vng) v dy np. cho dung dch phn ng trong 1 pht, trong thi gian ny lc mnh t nht 3 ln, sau thm 30 ml nc ct Chun b vi tc u vi dung dch Na2S2O3 0.002 N v lc mnh trong qu trnh chun cho n khi mu vng chnga iod gn nh bin mt hon ton. Thm khong 5 ml dung dch h yinh bt v tip tc chun vi vic lc lin tc t bit gn n im kt thc , gii phng ton b iod khi dung mi , thm tng git dung dch Na2S2O3 cho n khi mu xanh bin mt 8. Xc nh mu trng: Tin hnh xc nh mu trng song song vi mu th. Nu kt qu xc nh mu trng vt qu 0,1 ml ca dung dch Na2S2O3 0.1 N, thay cc thuc th khng tinh khit xc nh li mu th


83


9. Tnh kt qu: PoV = (V-Vo ) N 1000/m Trong PoV: ch s peroxyt, tnh bng meq/kg. V: l th tch dung dch Na2S2O3 dng xc nh ,tnh bng ml Vo l th tch dung dch Na2S2O3 dng xc nh mu trng , tnh bng ml N: l nng ng lng ca dung dch Na2S2O3 M: l khi lng mu th tnh bng g 10. Bo co kt qu: - Kt qu c lm trn n s l th 2 - Trong bo co kt qu phi ghi y cc chi tit cn thit lin quan n vic nhn bit mu. - Nu qu trnh th nghim thc hin khng ng vi cc quy nh trong tiu chun th phi c ghi ch nghin trong bo co ca phng th nghim.


84


PHNG PHP XC NH MUTheo AOCS Cc 13e 92 1. Phm vi p dng: p dng cho tt c cc loi du m thc vt v ng vt

nhng khng c hin tng m hay c ti thi im . 2. Nguyn tc: mu c xc nh da trn s truyn sng xuyn qua dy c trng ca mu v qua knh mu tiu chun. 3. Dng c: Dng c phng th nghim thong thng My so mu Lovibond vi cc thang mu chun: Red (R), yellow (Y), blue (B), neutral (N) Cuvet thch anh , , 1 4. Yu cu i vi ngi s dng my Phi t yu cu kim tra th lc kh nng nhn mu v kim tra li 5 ln / nm. Khng s dng knh eo mt c mu hoc nhy vi nh sng thu knh. 5. Chun b mu: Mu phi hon ton lng, sch v sng khi lm php xc nh. Nu mu khng dng lng ti nhit phng lm nng mu nhit ln hn im nng chy 10oC. 6. Tin hnh: Rt mu chun b vo cuvet c kch thc theo yu cu kim tra. Cuvet phi m bo kh v sch. t cuvet cha mu vo gia v ngc vi chiu nh sng trong bung chiu sng c v bng kim loi mu en c b gi cc thang mu ca my so mu. Lp tc xc nh mu ca mu, ban u bng cch s dng thang mu theo t l 10Y cho 1R. iu chnh cc thanh ko cc thang mu n khi mu ca mu th trng hao85c gn ging nht vi mu ca knh thang mu, khng nht thit theo t l 10Y chi 1R v s dng thanh mu B v N c gi tr thp nht t c mu ph hp. m bo gi tr ca knh v mu ging nhau , gi thang mu kht cht vi cc thanh thang mu.


85


Do rt nhanh mi mt khi c nn ngi s dng my nn ngh mt sau mi 30 giy so mu. Vic kim tra nn c thc hin bi 2 ngi. Nu yu cu v lp li v khong chnh lch (bng 1) khng t, ngi th ba s tin hnh kim tra, klhi gi tr trung bnh ca 2 kt qu gn nh6t s c chn. Bng 1 Mu < 0,9 R 1 2,9 R 3,0 4,0 R 4,1 12 R 7. Bo co kt qu Ghi r kch thc cuvet s dng v gi tr R, Y, B hoc N c c. Trong bo co kt qu phi ghi y cc chi tit cn thit lin quan n vic nhn bit mu. Nu qu trnh th nghim thc hin khng ng vi cc quy nh trong tiu chun th phi c ghi ch r trong boc co ca phng th nghim. Chnh lch cho php 0,2 R 0,4 R 0,5 R 1,0 R


86



87


1. CC CHT THI TRONG QU TRNH SN XUT Kh thi: Kh thi thot ra t l hi cung cp nhit Khi bi thot ra t cc ng c khc. Nc thi: Nc thi sinh hot sinh ra t cc hot ng sinh hot ca cc cng nhn vin hng ngy nh: tm ra, v sinh. Nc thi sn xut t cc cng on p, tch sp, trung ho, ra, ty mu.m ch yu l t giai on trung ha. Cht thi rn: Cht thi rn sinh hot: cht thi pht sinh t hot ng vn phng ca cn b nhn vin v mt s b phn khc. Cht thi rn pht sinh trong qu trnh sn xut: x phng, axit bo, t sau khi ty mu Cht thi rn nguy hi: ch yu l gi lau dnh du v cc thng can ng ha cht

2. X L CC CHT THI Nc thi: Nc thi sinh hot sau khi i qua b t hoi 3 ngn c dn v trm x l nc thi tp trung ca Cng du thc vt Nh B Nc thi trong qu trnh sn xut ca cc phn xng c thu gom v x l ti trm x l nc thi tp trung ca Cng du thc vt Nh B. Nc thi qua x l phi t TCVN 5945:2005


88


Nc thi sn xut

Nc v sinh nh xng

Nc thi sinh hot

H ga chn rc

B t hoi

B x l hiu khBn hi lu

Ht bn

B lng bn

B cha bn d

B cha

My p bn

B n nh pH

Bn thi (chn lp hp v sinh)

B keo t - to bng

B tuyn ni

H ga

t TCVN 5945-2005 (ct B,Kq=1,1;Kf=1,1

Sng Nh B

S phng n vn hnh h thng XLNT 30 m3/ngy.


89


Cht thi rn: Cht rn sinh hot: Cng ty phi hp vi Cng ty dch v cng ch Qun 7 thu

gom v x l. Cht thi rn trong sn xut: tt c cht rn sn xut t cng ty u c thu gom v phn loi ngay ti ngun v c thu mua lm nguyn liu sn xut phn bn, x phng, du nht Cht rn nguy hi: c thu gom v lu tr ring. Kh thi B tr h thng qut gi, qut ht v iu ha nhit thch hp. Kh thi t cc l hi cp nhit c thu gom v x l t tiu chun trc khi thi ra mi trng

3. GIM THIU NHIM DO HOT NG CA CNG DUGia c b k trnh st l. Nguyn liu c ng bao cn thn nhm trnh ri vi. Thng xuyn kim tra ng ng bm du, trnh s c r r ng ng Tin hnh bo dng nh k i vi phng tin bc d, xe ti vn chuyn gim thiu kh thi. Cc tu, x lan phi tun th v nhng quy nh v v sinh mi trng


90



91


HNH NH THIT B S DNG TRONG QU TRNH S CH

My sng tp cht

Cyclone cha m

My sng tp cht v cyclone


92


My cn

Vis ti nguyn liu sau khi cn


93

Bo co thc tp nh my du thc vt Vocar Mt trc Mt sau

Thit b chng sy W180/4

My p ETP 20.2 (nhn t 2 bn)


94


My p ETP 20.2 (nhn t 2 bn)

My p ETP 20.2 (nhn t pha trc)

Phi c ly t my p


95


Thit b chng sy W180/4 v my p ETP 20.2

Thit b lc khung bn


96


Thit b lc khung bn

Hm lng

L hi


97


B sau khi p

Bn cha du khi ch tch sp

Kho cha m


98


HNH NH THIT B S DNG TRONG QU TRNH TINH LUYN

Thit b gia nhit

B trn dung dch NaOH vi duGVHD: Th.S Trng Th M Linh 99


Bn trung ha

My ly tm ra ncGVHD: Th.S Trng Th M Linh 100


HNH NH THIT B S DNG TRONG QU TRNH THNH PHM

Bn cha du thnh phm

B thit b lc


101


Bn khuy trn du

Kho cha chai ng du


102


Dy chuyn ng chai bn t ng:

Dy chuyn ng chai bn t ng

Sy mng co

Dn nhn


103


Rt du v ng np

Vo mng co


104


Dy chuyn ng du th cng:

Xng ng du th cng

Rt chai v ng np


105


Thit b rt chai v ng np

Thit b rt phuy, can

Thit b sy mng co v in date


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Kho thnh phm

Nhn


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Mt s sn phm


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HNH NH X L NC THI

Hm x l vi sinh

Hm kh trng vi clorine


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KT LUNVi sn lng 1 triu tn du n vo nm 2010 v 1,5 triu tn vo nm 2015 v hin chim 95% th phn du n trong nc, Cng ty Du thc vt v hng liu m phm pht trin thnh Tng cng ty Cng nghip Du thc vt Vit Nam. V th mi ny s a ngnh cng nghip du thc vt Vit Nam vn xa hn ra th gii. Th trng ton t hp chim 95% th phn du n trong nc, 20% th phn m phm trong nc. Hin nay ton t hp c cng sut thit b sn xut du n t 828.000 tn du n cc loi, 129 triu, 2 triu sn phm m phm. D kin n nm 2015 s t 1,5 triu tn du n cc loi, 350 triu bao b cc loi v 3,5 triu sn phm m phm. Tng cng ty tp trung hon thnh v a vo hot ng d n u t x l nc thi ti Nh my Du thc vt Vocar vi tng vn u t thc hin trn 6 t ng. Tnh n nm 2009 th ton b cc nh my ch bin du ca Tng cng ty v cc n v thnh vin u u t h thng x l nc thi v kh thi. Do c th, quy m v yu cu pht trin Cng ty Du thc vt Hng liu M phm Vit Nam pht trin thnh m hnh Tng cng ty Cng nghip Du thc vt Vit Nam. Tng cng ty s i din cho Vit Nam tham gia cc Hi, Hip hi, cc t chc ngnh hng trn th gii; i din cc li ch ca doanh nghip ngnh du n, ca ngi tiu dng Vit Nam trong hi nhp kinh t quc t v to v th cho Vocarimex pht trin bn vng, thu ht u t. Vi tt c cc n lc cng ty nhn c hun chng lao ng hng nht (18/1/2008) v rt nhiu gi thng khc.

KIN NGHQuy trnh k thut p du thc vt ca nh my Vocarimex tng i hin i, nng sut p du kh cao, hm lng du trong b cn kh t. Tuy nhin, ly kit du trong nguyn liu nh my c th u t xy dng thm quy trnh trch ly du. Ci tin k thut, quy trnh cng ngh cng nh b sung, thay i mt s thit b c hiu sut thu hi c tt hn. Nh my nn u t nng cao nn nh xng trnh hin tng thy triu dng ln.


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TI LIU THAM KHOwww.vocarimex.com Ha hc i cng_Hong Kim Anh_NXBkhoa hc v k thut Ti liu n thi nng bc cng nhn cng ngh v KCS_cng ty du thc vt hng liu m phm Vit Nam 2009 V mt s ti liu khc


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