BÁO CÁO THỰC TẬP TỐT NGHIỆP xi mang LA HIEN_A Toan

8/2/2019 BO CO THC TP TT NGHIP xi mang LA HIEN_A Toan

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Bo co thc tp tt nghip n v thc tp: Nh my xi mng La Hin

BO CO THC TP TT NGHIP

N V THC TP: CNG TY C PHN XI MNG LA HIN VVMI

a ch: X La Hin, Huyn V Nhai, Tnh Thi Nguyn

in thoi: 0280 3829154 - Fax: 0280.3829056

Email:[email protected]

Website:www.ximanglahien.com.vn

Ni dung bo co:

1. M hnh c cu t chc iu hnh qun l sn xut ca nh my.

2. Gii thiu v h thng cung cp in.

3. Trang b in t ng ha dy chuyn sn xut xi mng cng ngh l

quay.

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mailto:[email protected]://www.ximanglahien.com.vn/mailto:[email protected]://www.ximanglahien.com.vn/


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NHN XT CA GIO VIN HNG DN

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NHN XT CA N V THC TP

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MC LC

3.8. Lm ngui v c tnh ca clinke.45

LI NI UT sau i hi ng cng sn Vit Nam ln th V nm 1986 nc ta

chuyn t nn kinh t qun l theo k hoch tp trung sang nn kinh t th

trng c s iu tit ca Nh nc, n nay nc ta tr thnh mt nc

c nn kinh t pht trin, c bit l s kin nm 2007 l nm u tin t

nc ta tr thnh thnh vin chnh thc ca T chc Thng mi Quc t

(WTO), tr thnh U vin khng thng trc ca Hi ng Bo an Linhip quc. Tc tng trng GDP t ti 8,5% - cao th 3 chu v cao

nht trong khi ASEAN.Cng vi vic pht trin ca nn kinh t, vai tr v

nhim v ngnh cng nghip ngy cng c nng cao.

Trong qu trnh o to k thut, thc tp l mt phn rt quan trng

khng th thiu, nh trng khng ch dng li vic ging dy, truyn th

kin thc l thuyt cn c m cn to iu kin cho hc sinh ti thc tp ti

cc cng ty, doanh nghip Thc tp l bc khi u ca s vn dng

nhng kin thc hc vo thc t t gip cho sinh vin p dng v nm

vng nhng kin thc c truyn ti khi cn ngi trn gh nh trng. L

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nhng sinh vin sp tt nghip chuyn ngnh c t ng ha x nghip cng

nghip c nh trng v cc thy c trang b nhng kin thc c bn

v L thuyt mch, My in, T ng ha qu trnh sn xut, L thuyt

iu khin t ng nhn thc c vn trn vi mong mun tm hiu

su v qui trnh cng ngh nn khi c nhn vo thc tp ti Cng ty C

phn Xi mng La Hin chng em ht sc c gng hc hi, rn luyn k

nng, trau di, b sung thm kin thc.

Chng em xin chn thnh cm n Thy gio inh Vn Nghip Trng

i hc k thut cng nghp Thi Nguyn, Ban Gim c v cc cn b K

thut ca Cng ty VVMI tn tnh hng dn v gip em trong sut

qu trnh thc tp v hon thnh bo co thc tp tt nghip ny. Chng emxin chn thnh cm n cc thy c trong trng i hc k thut cng

nghip Thi Nguyn c bit l cc thy c trong khoa in to iu kin

thun li cho em trong sut qu trnh hc tp.

Mc d rt c gng, song do thi gian c hn v kin thc cn non

yu nn bo co ny chc chn cn nhiu thiu st, rt mong nhn c s

ng gp kin ca cc thy c v cc bn.

Thi Nguyn, 19 thng2 nm 2010I. M HNH C CU T CHC NH MY XI MNG LA HIN

1.1 Qu trnh hnh thnh v pht trin ca Cng ty

Ngy 31/12/1994 B trng b B Nng lng (nay l B Cng

thng) ban hnh quyt nh s: 925/NL-TCCB-NL v vic thnh lp Nh

my xi mng La Hin, l n v hch ton ph thuc (Cng ty Than Nia) tin thn ca Cng ty TNHH mt thnh vin Cng nghip m Vit

Bc-TKV, thuc Tp on Cng nghip Than-Khong sn Vit Nam.

Ngy 18/12/2006, B trng B Cng nghip ban hnh Quyt nh s

3676/Q-BCN v vic c phn ha Nh my xi mng La Hin.

Ngy 25/12/2006, Nh my xi mng La Hin c i tn thnh Nh

my xi mng La Hin-VVMI theo Quyt nh s 0299/Q-HQT do Hing qun tr Cng ty cng nghip m Vit Bc TKV ban hnh.

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Ngy 19/09/2007, Hi ng qun tr Tp on Cng nghip Than-

Khong sn Vit Nam ban hnh Quyt nh s 2228/Q-HQT v vic ph

duyt phng n v chuyn Nh my xi mng La Hin-VVMI thnh Cngty c phn.

Ngy 30/01/2007, Nh my xi mng La Hin-VVMI c chuyn

thnh Chi nhnh Cng ty TNHH mt thnh vin Cng ty Cng nghip m

Vit Bc-TKV Nh my xi mng La Hin-VVMI theo Quyt nh s

26/Q-HQT ca Hi ng qun tr Cng ty Cng nghip m Vit Bc-

TKV.

Ngy 01 thng 1 nm 2008 Cng ty c phn xi mng La Hin VVMI

chnh thc i vo hot ng theo m hnh Cng ty c phn, t chc qun l

v hot ng theo Lut Doanh Nghip s: 60/2005/QH11 ngy 29 thng 11

nm 2005 v iu l ca Cng ty c phn xi mng La Hin VVMI.

Cng ty c phn xi mng La Hin VVMI c thnh lp theo giy

ng k kinh doanh s: 1703000349 do S k hoch u t tnh Thi

Nguyn cp ngy 01 thng 01 nm 2008.

Sn phm chnh ca Cng ty c phn xi mng La Hin VVMI l xi

mng pooc lng hn hp PCB 30, PCB 40, Clinker pooc lng thng phm

Cpc 40, Cpc 50, Cpc 60 c sn xut theo dy chuyn cng ngh l quay

phng php kh l phng php tin tin nht hin nay.

Nng lc sn xut sn phm : trn 1.000.000 tn nm. Trong sn xut

Cng ty lun ch trng ti vic nng cao cht lng sn phm kt hp vi

vic pht trin ngun nhn lc c trnh , c tay ngh p ng c yu

cu ca sn xut v p ng nhu cu ngy cng cao ca ngi tiu dng.

Vic p dng h thng qun l cht lng ISO: 9001- 2008 vo sn xut

gip cho sn phm ca Cng ty ngy cng chim c lng tin ca khch

hng - iu c chng minh qua doanh s bn hng ngy cng tng v

khng ngng ln mnh qua cc nm.

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1.2 C cu b my qun l ca Cng ty

Ban gim c

+ Gim c: L ngi i din cho ton b cng nhn vin trong tonCng ty, c nhim v qun l v iu hnh ton b hot ng sn xut kinh

doanh ca Cng ty, ng thi chu s ch o trc tip ca Hi ng qun

tr Tng cng ty.

+ Ph gim c k thut: L ngi gip vic cho Gim c Cng ty,

di s iu hnh trc tip ca Gim c. Chu trch nhim v k thut, v

my mc thit b cng ngh trong sn xut cng nh xy dng k hoch sa

cha v mua sm thit b phc v sn xut.

+ Ph Gim c kinh doanh: L ngi gip vic cho Gim c Cng

ty, di s iu hnh trc tip ca Gim c. Chu trch nhim tiu th sn

phm, ph trch Phng thng mi . Xy dng k hoch tiu th v tm hiu

th trng.

+ Ph Gim c c in: L ngi gip vic cho Gim c Cng ty,

di s iu hnh trc tip ca Gim c. Chu trch nhim v cc vn

c kh, in, vn ti ca ton nh my.

Cc phng ban ca cng ty

+ Phng th trng:

Vi chc nng nm bt nhng bin ng ca th trng kp thi phn

hi vi Ban gim c Cng ty iu chnh cho ph hp. Chu trch nhim

tip nhn nhu cu tiu th sn phm ca cc i l lp ho n bn hng

sau vn chuyn hng ho n tng i l.

+ Phng vt t:

Thc hin vic mua sm vt t (nguyn vt liu, my mc, ph

tng), tip nhn hng ho ni a v nhp khu, t gia cng ch to thit

b ph tng phc v sa cha nhm m bo duy tr sn xut lin tc. Nm

vng gi c mua sm cc loi vt t, tham gia cng cc n v lp nhmc,d tr nguyn vt liu, ph tng thay th.

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+ Phng k ton:

C chc nng qun l ti chnh, gim st mi hot ng kinh t, ti

chnh trong Cng ty, t chc, ch o thc hin cng cc k ton, thng kkinh t v hoch ton kinh t ca Cng ty theo c ch qun l mi.

+ Phng cng ngh:

Kim tra v xc nh cht lng nguyn, nhin, vt liu, ph gia, kim

tra cht lng tng cng on sn xut v thnh phm ca Cng ty theo

tiu chun TCVN v tiu chun c s, duy tr h thng qun l cht lng

sn phm theo tiu chun ISO 9001.

1.3 Hnh thc t chc sn xut ca cng ty

Cng ty t chc sn xut thnh cc phn xng trong mi phn

xng m nhim mt giai on cng ngh nht nh. Hin nay cng ty c

cc phn xng sau:

+ Phn xng l quay:

Phi hp vi phng iu hnh Trung Tm t chc vn hnh h thng

thit b trong phm vi ca n v qun l m bo cc thit b hot ng

lin tc, ng b, an ton nhm sn xut Clanh-ke c cht lng tt, hiu

qu cao. Lp k hoch bo co vi ban Gim c v tnh trng hot ng,

tnh trng thit b ca cng on L quay kp thi chnh sa thay th.

+ Phn xng liu sng:

C chc nng qun l lao ng, sa cha cc loi my xc, my i,

my nn kh, my khoan v cc thit b khc t chc khai thc, bc xc

vi, st theo k hoch c giao. Kho st, o c lm c s cho

vic khai thc v lp h chiu khoan n mn theo ng quy trnh quy phm

khai thc.

+ Phn xng thnh phm:

Ngoi chc nng nhim v ng bao sn phm, qun l ti sn, vn

hnh cc thit b trong dy chuyn c giao cn phi hp vi phng Kinhdoanh t chc xut hng cho 3 loi phng tin l ng st, ung

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thu, ng b, m bo cht lng, s lng ng chng loi v an ton

lao ng, p ng kp thi cho khch hng.

+ Phn xng cp liu:Qun l ton b ti sn, vt t, lao ng ca n v mnh, t chc vn

hnh cc thit b t my p vi, st, h thng vn chuyn n kho

ng nht s b, h thng cp ph gia iu chnh nguyn liu, ng thi

phi hp vi phng iu hnh Trung Tm t chc vn hnh h thng thit

b nghin liu v ng nht bt liu trong phm vi xng qun l. m bo

cc thit b hot ng lin tc, ng b, an ton, phc v cho sn xut

Clanh-ke vi cht lng v nng sut cao nht.

+ Phn xng c in:

Qun l chuyn su k thut cc thit b c in, t ng ho v ng

lc trong ton Cng ty, qun l danh mc chng loi, s lng vt t ph

tng thit b cn cho d phng trong qu trnh sa cha v sn xut hng

nm ca Cng ty, theo di, gim st lp t. Chy th ton b thit b dy

chuyn sn xut chnh v thit b ph tr trong Cng ty. Tham mu cho lnh

o Cng ty v cc gii php k thut trong qa trnh vn hnh, bo dng,

bo qun thit b c in - ng lc trong dy chuyn sn xut, vn hnh

lin tc, n nh, ng b t hiu qu cao nht.

+ Phn xng vn ti:

Lp k hoch vn ti vi, st, Clanh-ke, ph gia, vt tQun l,

sa cha, bo dng cc thit b xe my (t ti, my xc, xe cu) v cc

thit b my mc khc nhm phc v sn xut.

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II. TNG QUAN V H THNG CUNG CP IN

Ti nh my Xi mng La Hin Nng lng in c phn b nh sau:

in nng c cp cho nh my t trm bin p 2x110/6.3kV-32MVA.T h p trm 110 kV cp ti cc trm bin p phn phi v cc ng c

trung th, c th gm cc trm phn phi nh sau:

Ti khu vc trm p vi

- My bin p T 6/0,4kV-630kVA

- Cp cho my p p (1000kW)

Cp ngun cho kho liu v vn chuyn liu

- My bin p T 6/0,4kV 1000kVA

Ti khu vc trm nghin liu:

- My bin p T 6/0,4kV 1600KVA

- Cp ngun cho ng c my nghin 3200kW

- Cp ngun cho ng c qut tun hon 2800kW.

- H thng t b 1.75Mvar + 1.62 Mvar

Ti khu vc l

- My bin p T 6/0,4kV 2000KVA

- Bin p T 6/0,69kV- 1250kVA cp ngun cho ng c qut ID1

(1000kW) thng qua bin tn

- Bin p T 6/0,69kV- 1250kVA cp ngun cho ng c qut ID2


- Bin p T 6/0,69kV 800kVA cp ngun ti ng c L quay (ng

c mt chiu 550kW) qua b chnh lu.

- Bin p T 6/0,69 630kVA cp ngun cho qut ng khi (500kW)

thng qua bin tn

Ti khu vc gin lm lnh Clinker

- My bin p T 6/0.4kV 2000kVA

- My bin p T 6/0.4kV 1600kVA- Bin p T 6/0.69kV- 800kVA cp ngun cho ng c qut ng khi.

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Cp cho kho than v nghin than

- My bin p 6/0,4kV- 1000kVA

- Cp cho ng c nghin than (600kW)- Cp cho ng c qut tun hon (350kW)

Cp cho nghin ph gia v kho ph gia

- My bin p T 6/0,4kV- 630kVA

- Cp ngun trung th cho ng c my nghin ph gia (315kW)

Cp cho khu vc trm nghin Xi mng

- Cp cho ng c my nghin Xi mng (7700kW)

- Bin p T 6/0,69 kV- 500kVA cp cho ng c my phn li


- H thng t b 1.75 Mvar + 1.62 Mvar

- Cp cho ng c qut tun hon (870kW)

- My bin p 6/0,4kV 1600kVA.

- Mt u ra cp cho trm SS09.

Cp ngun cho khu vc Silo Xi mng v ng gi

- My bin p 6/0,4kV 1600kVA.

Cp cho khu vc xng bo dng

- My bin p T 6/0,4kV 630kVA

Cp cho khu vc X l nc v cp du.

- My bin p T 6/0,4 kV 1000kVA

Cp cho trm p Shale

- My bin p 6/0,4kV 630 kVA

Cp cho phng iu khin trung tm v phng th nghim

- My bin p 6/0,4kV 630 kVA

phng trong trng hp s c in li quc gia, Nh my c

my pht Diesel d phng (cng sut 1250kW) cung cp cho cc ph ti

cn thit trong trng hp s c trn: C th my pht d phng s cp chocc trm sau:

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- Ti khu vc l v Silo ng nht

- Kho than

- Nghin Xi mng- Nghin liu

- Phng iu khin trung tm

- Khu vc lm lnh Clinker

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III. TRANG B IN T NG HA DY CHUYN SN XUT XI

MNG CNG NGH L QUAY:

3.1 S cng ngh ca dy chuyn sn xut xi mng cng ngh lquay.

15

vi

st

Pirt

Ph gia

My p

My p

Kho

Kho Kt

Kt

Kho

Kho Cn nh lng

Cn nh lng

Cn nh lng

Cn nh lng

My NghinLiu

Nghin v sy nguynliu th

Si l cha v cpnguyn liu th

Than Du

Nghin, sy Sy

L nung

Thch cao

My p

Ph giaNghin xi mng

H thng ghi lm mtClinker

Si l cha

Si l chaxi mng Xut Xi mngri My ngbao

Cp liu cho myng bao

Xut baoxi mng


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vi c ly t cc m gn nh my vn chuyn v tp kt ti bi

cha.Sau dng my xc vo mng cha, bng ti xch tm di y

mng s vn chuyn th vo my p ba nm ngang, sau khi quaba s c bng ti vn chuyn vo gu nng, t gu nng li vo

bng ti chy dc kho cha ( bng ti ny s di chuyn t u kho ti

cui kho va ngc li lm cho c di u vo cc xi l cha). Ti v tr

gn my ba c lc bi dng ht bi trong my ba, liu lc t bi c

x xung bng ti vo gu nng. Trn nh kho cng c cc lc bi nh

dng ht bi trong cc xi l. Di y cc xil c cc b rung in t

rt liu t y xil vo h thng bng ti chuyn ti xil cha vi

chun b cho cng on nghin liu sng.(Liu rt ra t cc xil s do phng

cng ngh quyt nh).

t st ly t m gn nh my vn chuyn v tp kt ti bi cha. Sau

dng my xusc vo mng cha, di mng c bng ti chuyn st

vo bng ti di st trn nh kho cha( bng ti di st cng ging nh

bng ti di ). t st s c rt t y kho vo my cn st, qua h

thng bng ti vo xil cha st. Bt st, nguyn liu giu nhm cng

c a qua ng ny vo cc xil cha chun b cho giai on

nghin liu sng.

vi,st, bt st, ph gia giu nhm trong cc xil cha s c rt

ra thng qua cc cn bng nh lng xung bng ti vo my nghin

liu sng. Nh h thng qut ht, lc bi in, bng ti , gu nng liu sau

khi nghin s c vo xilo ng nht tinh. Bt liu sng c rt t y

xi l ng nht tinh nh h thng sc kh, qua cc van x, mng kh ng

hc vo gu nng a ln vo kt cha, xung tip liu vt 2 trc.

Sau liu c vo gu nng chuyn ln nh thp trao i nhit,

xung vt ti nh thp v liu c a vo cc tng thp.

Liu t thp trao i nhit vo l quay nh qa trnh nhit ha schuyn bt liu t pha lng sang pha rn, nh qu trnh quay lin tc ca l,

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clinke c chuyn ra khi l v a ti dn ghi lm lnh(nh h thng qut

gi ti cc bung ghi). Clinke ra khi ghi lm lnh c a vo my p

ba clinke ri xung gu nng xin v c a vo xilo cha clinke. Tikhu vc ghi lnh c h thng lc bi ti vi dng ht lng bi clinke,

bi thu hi dc x xung gu nng xin.Ngoi ra ti khu vc ui l cn

c h thng nghin than, cung cp than t duy tr nhit cho ui l v l

phn gii.

Ph gia c a vo nghin xi mng l x l cao, thch cao. Cc

nguyn liu ny c a vo t bi cha, vo mng cha, vn chuyn

nh bng ti xich tm, qua my p hm, my p ba ngang vo gu

nng v vo cc silo cha.

Clinke, x l cao, thch cao c rt t cc y silo nh h thng cn

bng nh lng xung bng ti a vo my nghin bi. Liu sau khi

nghin qua h thng qut gi, gu nng, mng kh ng hc, my phn ly,

lc bi ti vi c vo cc silo cha xi mng.

Xi mng c rt t y cc silo nh h thng sc kh, vn chuyn

vo my ng bao bng mng kh ng hc v gu nng tun hon.

Xi mng sau khi c ng vo cc bao khi lng yu cu c

xung h thng bng ti v a n cc xe t vn chuyn i hoc xp l

trong kho.

3.2 H thng iu khin t ng chung ca nh my

Nh my s dng h thng iu khin DCS gm 3 cp iu khin:

Phng iu khin trung tm(Central Control Room CCR), T iu khin

ta ch(Local Control Panel- LCP) v b iu khin ti ch(Local Control

Box LCB).

Phng CCR:

iu khin s hot ng ca ton nh my: gm cc cng on sau:+ Vn chuyn v p , st

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+ Nghin liu sng

+ ng nht bt liu mn v kho cha

+ Vn chuyn liu mn v cp liu cho l+ X l v lc bi

+ t Clinke

+ Nghin than

+ Nghin xi mng

T iu khin ti ch:

Gm cc thit b v mch iu khin phc v cho iu khin cc thit

b my ti v tr phn xng.

Hp iu khin ti ch:

C chc nng chy th, bo dng v dng khn cp cc thit b.

LCB gm cc cng tc chuyn mch REMOVE, OFF, LOCAL.

H thng iu khin qu trnh v iu khin ng c c thc hin

t phng iu khin trung tm thc hin theo lnh DCS bao gm cc thit b

sau:

+ Trm ngi vn hnh OIS: t ti phng vn hnh my nghin liu

sng, phng iu khin my nghin than. C 4 mn hnh s CRT ngi

vn hnh giao tip vi my thng qua PLC.

- 1 mn hnh CRT t ti t iu khin nghin liu sng. Dng khi

ng, dng my nghin, my phn ly, bm du hp s, t tc

my phn ly, theo di nhit vng bi, dy qun ng c nghin, p

sut du hp s, hin th cnh bo ti t.

- 1 mn hnh CRT t ti t iu khin nghin than.

- 2 mn hnh CRT kt hp vi PLC S7 200 v bin tn ca hang FUJI

t ti 2 t iu khin cn rto cp than t cho u l v l phn gii.

Dng chy, dng cn, thay i lng t u vo (t/h), chnh cn,

hin th thong s khi hot ng.

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+ Trm vn hnh OS c 4 b bn phm k s, 4 mn hnh theo di

vn hnh.

- 1 b bn phm, mn hnh theo di, vn hnh cng on nghin ximng.

- 3 b bn phm, mn hnh theo di, vn hnh cng on ca dy truyn

l quay. Trn mt mn hnh c th truy nhp c vo cc cng on

ca dy chuyn, thng mi mn hnh theo di mt cng on.

+ Trm k thut ES

+ Phng phn tch nhanh s dng my phn tch nhanh dung tia X kt

hp vi 1 b my tnh theo di v iu chnh thnh phn phi liu ca

cc my nghin.

+ Trm iu khin: SIMATIC S7-400

+ Vo/ ra phn tn: ET200M v S7-300 I/O Module

+ Bus trng: PROFIBUS-DP

+ Bus h thng: Industry Ethernet (cp quang)

+ My in cho ghi nht k v cnh bo

+ 1 mn hnh theo di camera u l

+ 1 b bn phm, mn hnh dng theo di nhit thn l ( my qut

v l)

Cu hnh b iu khin:

+ CPU: B x l trung tm

+ B nh: ROM, RAM

+ Pin: lu tr 36-72 gi

+ Card truyn thong: Tch hp cc vi x l truyn thong v cc phn

mm iu khin truyn thng vi cc thit b nh vo/ra phn tn,

PLC

Cc thit b giao tip vo/ra (I/O): Thc hin giao tip gia b iu khin

v cc thit b vo/ra. Modul I/O, ngun, card truyn thng vi b iukhin.

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Modul gm: Modul s (Rle): 32 u vo/ra. Dng tn hiu: 24, 120v

Modul tng t: 8,16 bit. in p 0-10v, dng in 0-20mA.

H thng giao din vn hnh s dng phn mm SIMATIC WINCCPLC c s dng cho iu khin qu trnh: PID, kim tra s c, thu

thp d liu, iu khin trnh t ng c, pht hin li

PLC S7-400, S7-300 c t ti phng iu khin u l, ui l,

nghin xi mng.

PLC S7-200 c trong cc t iu khin lc bi

Lnh iu khin: Khi ng, dng c thc hin bng bn phm hoc

chut t CCR. Trnh t khi ng, dng c thc hin ty theo chng

trnh c ti xung cc

qua PLC v trung tm iu khin v hin th bng cc n nhy tng ng.

Cc thit b o: o cc i lng ca qu trnh. Mc tn hiu :

4 20 mA

Thit b quan st: Camera theo di la u l, nhit thn l, hin th trn

2 mn hnh CCR

H thng cnh bo: T ng hin th hoc khi kch vo phm SYS trn mn

hnh CRT hoc kch chut vo trang ALARM trn mn hnh my tnh ti

CCR : hin th cc dng thng bo v trng thi lm vic hoc s c.

3.3 H thng iu khin ca cc thit b v my chnh trong dy chuyn.

* Cng on liu:

+ Bng ti xch tm :

S dng ng c 3 pha roto lng sc in p 380V, cng sut 15kW,

iu chnh tc dng b bin tn ca hng ABB cng sut 15kW.Khi

ng, dng, iu chnh tc bng panel iu khun gn trn mt t trong

phng iu khin. Bng ti tm c 2 ch lm vic: n v lin ng vi

cc thit b pha sau.+ My p ba ngang:

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S dng ng c 3 pha roto dy qun in p 380V, cng sut

240kW, dng b bin tr th lng khi ng ng c. C 2 ch lm

vic : trung tm v ti t.+ Cu di liu:

S dng h thng bng ti dch chuyn v tr t u kho n cui

kho v ngc li nh cc cng tc hn v gn ti cc v tr cn o chiu. C

2 ch lm vic : Ti t v tai hin trng .

+ Bng ti vn chuyn:

S dng cc rul in ko trc tip bng ti. Mch iu khin gm c

ptmt, cu ch, khi ng t, rle nhit, bin dng in, ng h dng. C

2 ch lm vic: Ti t v hin trng. Gia cc bng ti lin nhau c ci

lin ng.

+ Gu nng:

S dng cc ng c roto lng sc. Mch iu khin gm c ptmt,

cu ch, khi ng t, rle nhit, bin dng in, ng h dng. C 2 ch

lm vic: Ti t v ti hin trng. C ci lin ng vi cc thit b pha

trc v pha sau.

+ Van in t:

Cc van in t dng ng m ca gi ca qut gi, ng m liu

ti cc ca x liu, m ca van t 0-90 . C 2 ch lm vic: trung

tm v ti t (dng b iu khin)

+ Cn bng nh lng:

S dng b iu khin MULCONT kt hp vi b bin tn FUJT

chy, dng, ci t thng s, chnh nh cn theo yu cu cng ngh. C 2

ch lm vic: ti t v trung tm. Khi thay i ch lm vic th phi

chuyn cng tc xoay v tr v thay i thng s ch lm vic trong b

iu khin MULCONT.

+ My nghin ng:

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S dng ng c 3 pha roto dy qun in p 380V, cng sut

245kW, dng b bin tr th lng khi ng ng c. C 2 ch lm

vic: ti t v trung tm.* Cng on l

+ H thng iu khin l quay:

S dng ng c 1 chiu cng sut 125kW, b iu khin ng c 1

chiu ca hng Control technique(Mentor II + FXM5 Controler). iu chnh

tc bng phng php thay i in p phn ng ng c. C 2 ch

lm vic: ti t v trung tm, c 2 cch thay i tc : bng trit p ti t

iu khin v t gi tr tc bng bn phm ti trung tm. C nt dng

khn cp ti t.

+ My lm ngui Clinke:

S dng ng c 1 chiu cng sut 22kW, b iu khin ng c 1

chiu ca hng ABB DCS 400. iu chnh tc bng phng php thay

i in p phn ng ng c. C 2 ch lm vic: ti t v trung tm. C

2 cch thay i tc : bng trit p ti t iu khin v t gi tr tc

bng bn phm ti trung tm. C nt dng khn cp ti t.

+ Qut gi lm ngui Clinke:

S dng cc ng c 3 pha roto lng sc in p 380V, cng sut

55kW, 30kW, 22kW. Dng cc b khi ng mm ca hng ABB vi cng

sut tng ng khi ng ng c.

+ Lc bi ti vi:

Mch iu khin lc bi bao gm mch in ca qut gi v mch

in ca h thng rung r bi. i vi lc bi nh cng sut ng c qut

gi nh th trong mch dng khi ng t, role nhit tng ng, vi cc lc

bi ln th trong mch phi c cun khng hoc b khi ng mm khi

ng cc ng c. Mch in h thng rung r bi s dung PLC S7 200-

214 iu khin tun t cc van kh lm vic. Vi lc bi ln nhiu van thc thm cc khi modul m rng.

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+ Lc bi tnh in:

Trong dy chuyn, lc bi tnh in c t ti khu vc ng nht

liu sng. Gm c 3 my bin p 100kVA t ti 3 t ring bit. in pu ra MBA thay i c t 0 n 100kV nh b iu khin thay i in

p iu khin t vo cc iu khin ca cc Tiristor cng sut u vo

MBA. Uv=0-220V, Ur=0-100kV. Thng t Ur=70kV.

* Cng on xi mng:

+ My nghin xi mng:

S dng ng c 3 pha roto dy qun, in p 6kV, cng sut

1800kW, khi ng ng c dng b bin tr th lng thay i in tr

roto. C 2 ch lm vic: ti t v trung tm, c nt dng khn cp ti v

tr gn my, c ci lin ng vi cc thit b ph nh: cc trm du hp s,

ng c, gi bc thn nghin, cc im o nhit du, vng bi ng

c, gi bc, bnh rng hp s, p sut ng ng dn du, cc thit

b lm vic pha sau nh: gu nng sau nghin, my phn ly, lc bi ti vi,

mng kh ng hc, qut gi

Mch iu khin ng c nghin xi mng(hnh v).

+ Qut gi chnh lc bi nghin xi mng:

S dng ng c 3 pha roto lng sc in p 6kV, cng sut 355kW,

khi ng dng b bin tr th lng thay i in p Stator. C 2 ch

lm vic: ti t v trung tm.

Mch iu khin ng c qut gi (hnh v).

+ My phn ly:

S dng ng c 3 pha roto lng sc in p 380V, cng sut

75kW.Dng b bin tn 75kW ca hng Control technique iu chnh tc

. C 2 ch lm vic: ti t v trung tm.

* Cng on ng bao:

+ My ng bao 8 vi:

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H thng ng bao 8 vi kiu quay s dng kh nn trong qu trnh

lm vic. C 8 vi c chia u xung quanh my, mi vi bao gm 1 ng

c quay cnh gt trong bung bm, 1 cm bin trng lng, 2 van pittngdng ng dao v bao, 1 hp iu khin trong c 1 b ATM, khi

ng t, role nhit, nt n khi ng, dng ng c, 3 role trung gian

OMRON 12 chn, 1 b iu khin c tc dng hin th s cn ca 1 bao(do

ngi s dng t), ci t, chnh nh cn, a tn hiu i iu khin cc c

cu ng dao, bao khi trng lng t, 2 cm bin tim cn. Ngun

in 3 pha a vo cc t iu khin trong my thng qua b chi than,

vnh gp. iu chnh tc quay ca my dng b bin tn ca hng

Snaider thay i tc ng c truyn ng.

3.4 Cc thit b c cu o lng trong dy chuyn.

Trong dy chuyn s dng cc c cu cm ng in t, t in, in

ng, thu pht sng in t.

Cc thit b o trong dy chuyn gm c:

+ o nhit :Cc cp nhit in, nhit in tr, sng bn nhit

+ o p sut: p k

+ o in p: Bin in p, vnk

+ o dng in: Bin dng in, Ampe k

+ o cng sut: Watmet

+ Cc cng tc tim cn

+ o mc liu:Levelflex M FMP45

3.5 H thng l nung clinke

Khi qut v cng ngh:

Cc qu trnh ho l v phn ng ho hc xy ra trong qu trnh to

clinke xi mng pooclng :

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Nhit (0C) Cc qu trnh

ho l

Cc phn ng ho hc

(1)< 100 Sy, loi nc

t do

H2O(l) H2O(g)

(2)100 - 400 Loi nc hp

ph(3)400 - 750 Phn hu t

st vi s hnh

thnh

metacaolinit

Al4(OH)8Si4O10 2(Al2O3.2SiO2) + 4H2O

(4)600 - 900 Phn hu

metacaolinit

thnh hn hp

xt phn ng

t do

Al2O3.2SiO2 Al2O3 + 2SiO2

(5)600 - 1000 Phn hu vi v s hnh

thnh CS v

CA

CaCO3 CaO + CO23CaO+2SiO2+Al2O3 2(CaO.SiO2)+CaO.Al2O3

(6)800 - 1300 Lin kt ca

vi t do v

CS, CA vi s

hnh thnh

C2S, C3A v

C4AF

CaO.SiO2 + CaO 2CaO.SiO2

2CaO + SiO2 2CaO.SiO2

CaO.Al2O3 + 2CaO 3CaO.Al2O3

CaO.Al2O3+3CaO+ Fe2O3 4CaO.Al2O3.Fe2O3

(7)1250-1450 Lin kt vi 2CaO.SiO2 + CaO 3CaO.SiO2

H thng l nung dy chuyn II:

L II l h thng l quay phng php kh nhng s dng thp trao

i nhit 1 nhnh 5 tng cyclone s dng calciner tin nung v gin ghi lm25


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lnh clinke COOLAX COOLER. l 2 im khc bit c bn ca h

thng l II so vi l I.

Bt phi liu c tho t y sil ng nht tinh CF xung kt cnW2A01, nh vt ti W2A06 a ti chn 1 trong 2 gu nng W2A20,

W2B20 (1 chic d phng) ri a ln mng kh ng W2A21, qua van tip

liu cnh kh W2A26 xung van i trng W2A27 vo on ng

cong gia cyclone tng 4 (W2A52) v cyclone tng 5 (W2A51). Ti y bt

liu gp dng kh nng i t ng ng ca W2A52 thi ln cun vo

cyclone W2A51 theo phng tip tuyn vi thnh cyclone. Bt liu c

lng xung y ri qua van i trng chy xung on ng cong gia

cyclone tng 3 (W2A53) v cyclone tng 4. Qu trnh trao i nhit v phn

ly tng t nh vy tip tc din ra cc tng cyclone tip theo. Sau khi

c lng ti cyclone W2A54, bt liu qua van chia liu W2A71, khong

40% bt liu a xung bung khi a ln cyclone W2A55, khong

60% s qua van chia liu W2A73 cp vo 2 tng ca calciner W2A56 (t

l chia dao ng : tng trn/tng di 30/70) thc hin qu trnh canxi

ho. Kh cung cp cho qu trnh chy trong calciner l gi nng c thu

hi t gin ghi lm lnh clinke COOLAX COOLER qua ng gi 3. Bt phi

liu t calciner c ht sang W2A55 qua van i trng ri vo l quay

W2W01. Kh nng ln bt liu mn cha phn ly ht trong W2A51 i ra qua

ng ng di sc ht ca qut ht u l J2J15 vo thp lm lnh

J2K11 (mt phn sang my nghin nguyn liu), vo lc bi in u l

J2P21 lng nt bt liu. Kh thi sau lc bi in c qut J2P27 ht

thi ra ngoi tri qua ng khi u l. Sau khi ra khi l quay, clinke

xung gin ghi W2K01 v c lm lnh nhanh v lm ngui trc khi vo

my ba W2M01 p ti kch thc yu cu ( 25 mm). Gu xin

W2K08, gu nng W2J12, xch co W2J13 c nhim v vn chuyn clinke

sau khi ra khi my ba vo sil cha clinke.

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L II s dng thp trao i nhit 5 tng c calciner nn liu trc khi

a vo l quay t t0 885 0C, tc l cc qu trnh ho l t (1) n (6)

c thc hin (hon ton hoc phn ln) thp trao i nhit. Bi vy,trong l quay ch yu thc hin cc qu trnh (5), (6), (7). l nguyn

nhn chnh lm cho l quay W2W02 c kch thc nh gn hn l quay

W1W01.

Cc thit b chnh trong phn xng l nung :

Xng l nung gm cc cng on :

- Cng on ht x l kh thi

- Cng on cp liu

- Cng on l

- Cng on nghin than v ni hi

Vi rt nhiu thit b, trong c cc thit b c trng quan trng ca

phn xng nh : h thng thp sy s b 5 tng, calciner, l quay, thit b

lm lnh kiu ghi, vi t, thp lm lnh

Cyclone trao i nhit :

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H thng cyclone (lp t thnh thp) c s dng sy tch m v thchin mt s qu trnh ho l, ho hc i vi bt phi liu trc khi cp vo

l quay nhm gim thiu cc b phn trong h thng l, t gim tiu hao

nng lng (in nng, nhit nng).

a. Cu to:

L kiu cyclone st thp, dy chuyn II s dng loi thit k mi.

b. Nguyn l hot ng:Trong thp trao i nhit, kh nng i v bt phi liu c vn chuyn

ngc chiu nhau. Kh nng i t di ln nh sc ht ca qut ht u l.

Bt phi liu i t trn xung di tc dng ca trng lc. Qu trnh trao

i nhit gia kh nng v bt phi liu bt u khi chng gp nhau ng

ng ca cyclone tng di (ngay sau hp tn liu). ng ng t tng

cyclone di i vo cyclone tng trn theo phng tip tuyn. Bt phi liu

v kh nng s chuyn ng xoy theo thnh cyclone. Lc ly tm tch cc

ht liu ra v chng va chm vi thnh cyclone khin cc ht b mt dn

ng nng cho ti khi trng lng cc ht thng c sc ht ca qut ht

u l th ht bt liu s ri xung y hnh nn ca cyclone.

Kh nng v mt phn bt liu cha phn ly ht s tip tc chuyn ng

xoy ln v thot qua ng lng nh cyclone, theo ng ng ln tng

cyclone tip theo (hoc ti thp lm lnh).

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ng lng ngn khng cho cc ht bi thot qua nh cyclone, tng hiu sut

phn ly. Bi vy, cyclone thc cht va l thit b trao i nhit, va l thit

b phn ly rn kh. c. Mt s c tnh k thut v yu cu cng ngh ca thp trao i

nhit 5 tng dy chuyn II:

1- Cyclone W2A51 :

- ng knh : D = 6900 mm

- Chiu cao phn tr : 14267 mm

- Cng sut phn ly : 93%

2 - Cyclone W2A52 :

- ng knh : D = 6900 mm



3 - Cyclone W2A53 :

- ng knh : D = 7200 mm



4 - Cyclone W2A54 :

- ng knh : D = 7200 mm



5 - Cyclone W2A55 :

- ng knh : D = 7200 mm



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Bt phi liu trc khi vo thp sy s b phi t ch tiu :

- m : < 1%

- st sng R0009 : 15%

Calciner (Bung phn hu trc) W2A56:

Ch yu thc hin qu trnh canxi ho bn ngoi l quay, gim ti nhit

ca zone nung trong l quay (khong 60% nhin liu t trong calciner).

Qu trnh canxi ho trong calciner xy ra rt nhanh. Do vi kch thc l

nht nh c th tng nng sut l quay ln gp 2 ln so vi l quay phng

php kh c thp trao i nhit kiu treo.

a.Cu to :

Loi SLC S (Sperate line calciner - special)

Calciner c cu to gm 2 tng hnh tr tht gia :

- ng knh phn tr : D = 6000 mm

V tr nh mc

(MV)

Max I

(H1)

Max II

(H2)

Min I

(L1)

Min II

(L2)

im o nhit (0

C) (0

C) (0

C) (0

C) (0

C)W2A50T1 440 500 100W2A52T1 561 825 850W2A52T2 555 825 850W2A53T1 686 825 850W2A53T2 668 825 850W2A54T1 789 825 850W2A54T2 772 825 850W2A55T1 886 925 910

W2A55T2 866 900 775im o p sut (mbar) (mbar) (mbar) (mbar)W2A50P1 61W2A52P2 40 10W2A53P2 38 10W2A54P2 28 10W2A55P1 19W2A55P2 22 10

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- Chiu cao tng trn : 12000 mm

- Chiu cao tng di : 6000 mm

Calciner c 3 u vo v 1 u ra:* u vo :

- Bt phi liu:

Bt phi liu t cyclone W2A54 qua h thng van i trng, van chia liu,

W2A71, W2A73 vo calciner qua b phn tn liu. Vic chia liu vo 2

tng Calciner do W2A73 thc hin.

T l chia l thuyt l : tng trn/tng di 30/70. Song thc t, t l ny

lun dao ng ph thuc vo nhit W2A56T8.

- Nhin liu:

Nhin liu s dng cho Calciner l than cm 3b. Bn cnh cn s dng

du MFO sy v gas mi. Bi vy Calciner dng 4 vi t du, 2 vi

than v 1 m t gas b tr y tng di.

- Gi nng:

Gi s dng cho qu trnh sy v t trong Calciner l gi nng thu hi t

gin ghi lm lnh clinke COOLAX COOLER (cn gi l gi 3).

* u ra:

L hn hp phi liu c canxi ho ( 90 95%) v gi nng.

b.Nguyn l lm vic:

Gi 3 c iu chnh lu lng bng van W2A76 v c gia nhit

nh trm t du W2V31 (khi nhit gi 3 thp). Dng vi gas mi

trong giai on bt u sy Calciner. Khi nhit gi 3 t nhit bt

chy ca du MFO th bt u khi ng cc vi t du. Than ch c cp

vo khi Calciner ang t du c ch chy n nh. Qu trnh canxi ho

c thc hin nh nhit ca qu trnh t than. Phi liu c cp vo qua

2 ca tn liu b tr gn ranh gii gia phn tr v phn cn y ca 2 tng.

Di sc ht ca qut ht u l phi liu c cun ln nh Calciner cngvi gi nng.

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c.Cc thng s vn hnh ca Calciner :

V tr Tn gi c trng cathng s

Khong vn hnh(MV)

Max I(H1)

Max II(H2)

im o nhit d 0C 0C 0CW2A56T1 1065 1150 1200W2A56T2 1106 1100 1150W2A56T3 994 1100 1150W2A56T6 1022 1190 1195W2A56T7 990 1000 1100W2A56T8 1054 1230 1250

im o p sut mbarW2A56P2 5

Nhit nguyn liu vo Calciner 8000C

Nhit gi nng: 850 - 9000C

Nhit lm vic ca Calciner: 10000C

Thi gian lu liu trong Calciner theo thit k khong 3 giy nhm t

chy ht nhin liu.

C 1 trm t du W2V21 phc v cho vic sy Calciner.

L quay:

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L quay l thit b trung tm ca h thng l. N lm nhim v chuynho bt phi liu mn thnh clinke xi mng nh qu trnh t trong l.

L quay c hiu l mt ng gin n nhit bng thp chu nhit, bn

trong lt gch chu la. Trong l s dng nhiu loi gch chu la khc nhau

v b tng chu la cc b cn u vo v u ra l.

L c t nghing trn cc b vi cc con ln ( s b ph

thuc kch thc v kt cu l) v c dn ng bi h thng vnh rng llp c nh trn v l v cc ng c l. Cc vnh bng a lp lng trn v

l nh cc guc l, c nhim v thn l v gip qu trnh quay ca l d

dng hn.

l lun v tr lm vic n nh, h thng con ln y thu lc vi

bm du thu lc c lp t ti cc b gn u vo ca l.

Qu trnh cung cp nhin liu v iu chnh qu trnh t trong l

quay c thc hin nh mt vi t chnh (vi t a knh).

Gii thiu l nung clinke dy chuyn II (l quay W2W01) :33


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- Loi : FLS - SLC 4,15*71 + Coolax 1266

- Di :71 m

- ng knh : 4,15 m- nghing ca l : 4%

- Tc quay ca l khi chy ng c chnh : 0,1 3,25 v/ph (ng c in

1 chiu)

- Tc quay ca l khi chy ng c ph : 0,1 v/ph (ng c in xoay

chiu)

- Nng sut thit k : 3300 tn/ngy

- T l t nhin liu trong l : 40 45%

- Nhin liu t chnh : 100% than cm 3b

- Trm t du W2V11 phc v cho vic sy l

L c lp trn 3 b . Con ln y thu lc (con ln ch T) c lp

b s 3 ca l. L c dn ng bi ng c chnh W2W03 qua hp

gim tc W2W02 truyn chuyn ng quay cho vnh rng l W2W31 nh

khp ni mng.

Cc thng s k thut ca W2W03 :

N = 50 1000 v/ph

P = 22,5 450 KW

Cc thng s k thut ca W2W02 :

P = 450 KW

N = 31,28 1000 v/ph

Nu phi quay chm l th ng c chnh W2W03 dng v chy ng c

ph W2W06.

Thit b lm lnh clinke :

H thng l dy chuyn II s dng thit b lm lnh kiu ghi(COOLAX COOLER)

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a. Mc tiu ca lm lnh kiu ghi :

- Lm lnh nhanh v lm mt clinke trc khi a ti cc thit

b vn chuyn.

- Thu hi nhit nng a ti cc v tr cn thit trong h thng l

(Calciner, nghin than,) t hiu qu kinh t cao nht. y l u th

ca h thng l s dng thit b lm lnh kiu ghi so vi thit b lm lnh

kiu hnh tinh.

b. Cu to v nguyn tc hot ng :

+ Loi : Coolax 1266 HY 2D

+ C 2 modul :

- Gin ghi CFG (gin ghi I) : gm 3 khoang di gm gin ghi v c 2 qutlm kn ring bit vi 6 qut lm mt clinke.

- RFT (gin ghi II) : gm 4 khoang di gm gin ghi, qut lm mt clinke

ng thi l qut lm kn khoang.

C 2 modul ny cng c kt cu bi h thng cc hng ghi ng

xen k cc hng ghi tnh. Cc hng ghi ng (gm cc tm ghi lp trn cc

v lp trn cc thanh dm ngang) lp trn 2 thanh dm ng c kh nngdch chuyn dc theo chiu di ghi nh cc piston xilanh thu lc b tr

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u v 2 bn ghi. Cc hng ghi tnh (gm cc tm ghi lp trn cc v lp

trn cc thanh dm ngang) lp trn 2 thanh dm c nh dc theo chiu di

ghi. Cc thanh dm, tm , tm ghi u c kt cu rng, khi lp rp thnhmt h thng th c tc dng nh mt ng ng dn kh t qut ln mt

tm ghi lm mt clinke.

+ Kch thc :

- Chiu rng danh nh : 2,4x3,6 m

- Chiu di danh nh : 21,8 m

- Din tch hu ch ghi lm ngui : 71,7 m2

- u ra ca l v b phn lm kn c lm mt bng kh t qut trung p.

Cc vi phun c b tr 3/4 ng trn pha di.

+ H thng cung cp kh lm mt gm 11 qut (W1K10, W1K11, W1K12,

W1K13, W1K14, W1K15, W1K17, W1K18, W1K19, W1K20)

+ 2 qut lm kn cho gin ghi CFG : W1K09, W1K16.

+ My p clinke FK 90x300.

+ H thng phun nc lm mt kh d W1K46

Clinke t l quay ri xung u gin ghi CFG gp dng kh p lc cao

do cc qut W2K10, W2K11 cung cp thi ln qua cc tm ghi v c lm

lnh t ngt. Sau clinke c vn chuyn dn ti cc khoang tip theo

ca gin ghi CFG v gin ghi RFT ti my p ba W2M01 nh s dch

chuyn ca cc hng ghi ng trn b mt cc hng ghi tnh. Trong sut qu

trnh vn chuyn , clinke tip tc c lm mt nh h thng cc qut lm

mt ghi. Cui gin ghi RFT c mt ghi sng phn loi clinke, cc ht clinke

c kch thc t yu cu ( < 25 mm) s lt qua ghi sng xung gu xin

W2K08. Lng clinke cn li s qua my p ba W2M01 p ti kch

thc yu cu.

Sau khi ra khi ghi, nhit clinke khong 150 1800C.

Di sc ht ca qut ht u l J2J15, khng kh sau khi lm lnhclinke, mt phn ln tham gia vo qu trnh t nhin liu trong l, mt

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phn c thu hi qua ng gi 3 ti lm gi t trong Calciner (gi 3).

Phn cn li (ch yu gin ghi RFT) s c ht sang lc bi tnh in

W2P21 nh qut W2P27 lng bi ri a gi nng sch ti nghin thanK2 sy than trong my nghin v sang l I lm gi 1 cho l.

H thng phun nc lm ngui kh d W2K46 gm 2 gin vi phun b

tr 2 bn thnh ca bung ghi c nhim v iu chnh nhit kh trc khi

vo lc bi in W2P21.

Vi phun :

L II s dng vi phun Centrax.

y l loi vi phun a knh bao gm vi t gas, vi phun du, knh

than, knh kh.

Theo thit k, vi t 100% than.

Vi phun c treo trn 1 b gi c kt hp mang c ng ng

gi 1 ni vi qut thi W2V91.

Vi phun c treo trn dm dc sn l qua ng c ca gi 1 vo

tip nhn gi 1 t qut W2V91. ng vi phun c lp bao quanh ng

. Gia thn ng v ng vi phun c 1 khe h cch u sut dc chiu

di thn ng. ng vi phun c ni vi ca gi 1. ng than ngoi c lp

bn trong ng t ln cc cnh dn hng. Vnh phun ngoi c hn ln

ng vi phun v ng than ngoi. ng vi phun v phn ngoi cng ca vnh

phun ngoi c ph 1 lp b tng chu la bo v vi phun trong iukin nhit cao. Ca vo than c ph 1 lp chu mn c bit. Ca ny

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ni vi ng than ngoi. Mt khc, ca than vo cn c ni vi ng

bng ng mm.

ng bo v trung tm c lp trong ng than trong. Bn trong ngbo v c ng bo v vi phun du tm v ng bo v vi t gas bn

cnh. Vi phun du v vi t gas c th ko ra khi ng bo v v sinh

v bo dng.

ng bo v trung tm v ng than trong c hn ni vi nhau bng

vnh phun trong. 2 vnh phun c 2 vng l b tr u xung quanh cp gi

1 v than vo l.

Nh vy cc ng bng thp chu nhit trong vi phun Centrax phi

hp vi nhau to thnh :

- ng gi 1 ngoi : do ng vi phun ghp vi ng .

- ng gi hi v : do ng kt hp vi ng than ngoi.

- ng than : do ng than ngoi v ng than trong kt hp to thnh.

- ng gi 1 trong : do ng than trong v ng bo v trung tm to thnh.

My nghin than :

a. My nghin ATOX KM 27.5 :

* Gii thiu :

- L my nghin ng chu trnh kn sy nghin lin hp.

- Kiu my nghin ATOX.

- Loi KM 27.5.

- Gim tc loi TDVLA 1270.

- Phn ly kh loi RAKM 27.

- Cc b phn nghin gm c 3 roller v bn nghin.

- p lc nghin (Pw) = 90 150 bar.

- mn sn phm < 6% trn sng 90 m.

- m : < 1%.

- Nng sut : 40 t/h.- Tc nhn sy : + Kh thi ghi lm ngui clinke

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+ L t ph

- Nhit kh nng vo my nghin ~ 3000C.

- Nhit sau my nghin 80

0

C m 1% H2O :+ Tmax1 = 80 + 50C

+ Tmax2 = 80 + 10C

* Cu to:

B phn nghin gm c 1 bn nghin c dn ng bi 1 ng c

(K2M03) v 3 con ln nghin vi h thng thu lc (gm 1 bm du, 3 xi

lanh thu lc, mi xi lanh c s h tr ca 2 bnh tch nng). Trn bn

nghin c 1 ng nghin chy vng trn. ng nghin c cc tm lt

chu mn nhit lm bng hp kim Cr Ni.

Vnh chn than c lp vng theo mp bn nghin, c chc nng

dn than vo ng nghin to ra 1 lp m nghin. Thanh gt np ti mt

di ca bn nghin c nhim v gom than ri qua ming vnh chn xung

tm di ca v my nghin ra ca . than c a tr li bung

nghin nh qut gi K2M09. Ba con ln nghin c lp c nh trong

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khoang my nghin tng quan vi v my nghin nhng quay quanh trc

c gi cht bi gng trung tm. Con ln nghin quay quanh trc bng

con ln bi trn m. Trc c lp cc bc lt cho 4 vng lm kn trc.Chc nng ca chng l ngn cn 1 phn m np gi trong con ln v ngn

cn bi than xm nhp vo con ln, lm kn trc trn c 21 mt con ln.

Trong con ln c bo v 1 ln na bi h thng kh lm kn. Kh lm kn

c cung cp bi qut K2M06. T bn ngoi v my nghin, kh lm kn

i vo gng trung tm ri i theo cc mng ti trc ca 3 con ln. Cc con

ln nghin c bc bi cc tm chu mn. Cc tm ny c c nh bi

cc b gi kp v cc vt hm.

* Nguyn l hot ng:

Than th t kt than th K2L01, nh lng nh cn simat K2A01

v cp vo tm my nghin K2M01 bng vt ti i K2A02.

ng c K2M03 quay, mmen chuyn ng c truyn ti bn

nghin thng qua hp gim tc K2M02 v lm bn nghin quay theo. Khi

bn nghin quay, lc ly tm xut hin v hng dng than th i vo ng

nghin. Than c nghin mn nh lc tr st gia cc con ln vi mt bn

nghin. Vic nng h cc con ln nghin cng nh vic to ra p lc nghin

l nh h thng thu lc.

Trong h thng thu lc, bm K2M07M1 c nhim v cung cp du

cho cc xi lanh v cc bnh tch nng nhm duy tr p lc nghin.

Qut K2M06 c chc nng lm kn cc con ln nghin. to c

lp m nghin thch hp (d = 29 30 mm), bm nc K2K01 vi 3 ng

phun nc trc tip ln lp than mt bn nghin. Lp m nghin ny c

tc dng gip n nh p lc nghin cng nh trnh rung cho my nghin,

p sut m trong h thng my nghin c to ra bi qut ht K2P22, nh

gi nng thu hi t gin ghi lm lnh c ho trn vi kh hi lu sau

lc bi in i vo my nghin qua vng phun gi nng thc hin ng thi2 nhim v : sy kh v cun than mn ln thit b phn ly K2S01. Phn

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than mn t yu cu tip tc theo dng kh nng vn chuyn qua ca ra

nh my nghin. Cc ht th b cn li v tr li bn nghin nghin tip

ti khi t kch thc yu cu.* Phn ly kh loi RAKM 27 :

Phn ly dng trong my nghin ATOX l thit b phn ly kh ng

dng phn ly cc ht than mn t my nghin a ln bng lung kh

nng. Cu trc ca phn ly gm : 1 rto , cnh dn hng , v phn ly , chp

y v van cn. V phn ly bao gm 2 phn cn v c lp trc tip ln

v my nghin bng bu lng. Ca x ca kh v bi mn thot ra khi thit

b c b tr trn nh my nghin. Rto c cc cnh thng ng lm bng

thp chu mi mn. Rto ny c lp trn 1 trc thng ng. Trc rto

nhn mmen chuyn ng t ng c thng qua hp gim tc. Cnh dn

hng l nhng tm thp, 1 u c bt cht vi v thit b, u di gn

vi phu hnh cn. Van cn l loi van i trng, chc nng ca n l cho

liu ri xung m kh t khoang nghin khng th i ln c. Hin nay,

thay van cn bng 1 ng dn trc tip than th chy xung bn nghin.

b. Yu cu k thut ca than lm nhin liu ti Cng ty xi mng La Hin:

My nghin than ATOX KM 27.5

Than nhp v l than cm 3 tho mn TCVN 1789 - 1999

Cc ch tiu Gi tr tro, %, max 1,5Cht bc, % 8

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Nhit lng, Kcal /kg than mn 7050 m, %, max 13,5Kch thc 15 mm

Lng qu c t 15 25 mm khng qu 5%

3.6 iu khin qu trnh chy trong calciner:

Bi ton iu khin qu trnh chy trong bung phn hu l mt bi

ton phc tp. Vic iu khin ph thuc vo rt nhiu tham s nh:

- ng nht ca liu.

- Cht lng than.

- Lu lng gi.

- Nng CO, O2,

- S phn phi kh.

- Hiu qu ca cyclone.

Vic iu khin qu trnh chy trong bung phn hu c thc hin

nh sau:

Khng kh cp cho bung phn hu c ly t h thng lm nguiclinke qua ng gi 3, mt phn gi c trch ln tng trn ca bung phn

hu (gi 4). Kh phun m v vn chuyn nhin liu. Gi 3 v gi 4 l kh

mi trng t my lm ngui c trao i nhit vi clinke. Nhit ca

gi s ph thuc vo hiu qu ca b lm ngui, t khong 7500C 9000C.

Kh phun m v vn chuyn nhin liu l kh cn thit cho bt than mn v

lm ngui thit b vi t. Lng kh tha l 20% tng ng 4% xitrong ng thot ca bung phn hu m bo cho than chy ht.

Nhin liu c cp cho bung phn hu chim khong 60% tng

lng t to clinke. Nhit trong bung phn hu khong 10000C,

thi gian lu ca kh chy trong bung phn hu khong > 4s.

Sau cyclone A54, van A71 chia bt liu thnh hai nhnh, nhnh th

nht i thng xung l, nhnh th hai i vo bung phn hu vi mc chl iu chnh nhit bung phn hu, iu chnh lng canxi ho thch

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hp trc khi liu vo l nung v iu chnh s c xy ra vi bung phn

hu. Bt liu i vo bung phn hu cng c van A73 chia thnh 2

nhnh, nhnh th nht i vo tng trn, nhnh th hai i vo tng di, nhvy m ta c th iu chnh nhit trong bung phn hu.

Nhit im o A56T1 l tham s cho mch vng iu chnh van

A71. Bung phn hu c t hon ton bng than nu van A71 m nh

nht l 20% v vi t du nng, tc l s c 20% liu i vo ng ng ca

l v 80% liu i vo bung phn hu. Do vy khi t hon ton bng than

th yu cu lng liu cp cho bung phn hu < 80%. Nhit im o

A56T1 cng cao th van A71 m cng nh v ngc li. Nu A56T1 >

10500C th bo li gim t t cp than. Nu A56T1 > 1100 0C th ngng cp

than.

Nhit A56T3 lm tham s cho mch vng iu khin van A73.

m ca van A73 th hin lng liu cp vo tng trn ca bung phn hu,

A56T3 cng cao th van A73 m cng nh.

My phn tch kh thi:

Cc thit b phn tch kh lin tc ly mu khi l cung cp thng

tin v mc O2, CO v NO cho ngi vn hnh trn c s ny iu khin

lung khng kh tha trong l. Kh thi khng c cha kh d chy: CO,

H2,Khi lng kh tha trong l nh hng n tiu th nhit v hot

ng ca l. Nu kh thi cha kh d chy th qu trnh t than cha hon

ton. Kh thi cng cha nhit ca n. Khi lng nhit ny b tn hao trong

kh thi cng ng k. Trong kh thi m tha 1% CO th trong l phi tiu

th thm 40kcal cho 1kg clinke. V vy m bo an ton phi trnh kh

cha chy trong kh thi.

Khng th nhn thy c kh cha chy nhng nu qu trnh t

chy din ra km th khi en s hnh thnh cc ho v mui. Thng thng

qu trnh t chy khng hon ton l do thiu kh. Tuy nhin qu trnh tchy khng hon ton cng c th xy ra mc d c lng kh v hm

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lng xi. iu ny cng c th xy ra nu mt s kh d chy gp kh chy

nh l v qu ngui khng th chy c. Cng c th xy ra nu ngun

cp nhin liu khng u, do vy nhng thi im no c th cung cpqu nhiu cho qu trnh chy.

Kh tha: Lng kh tha khng c nhiu qu v nu nhiu kh

tha qu s lm gim nhit trong zn nung v tng tc kh qua l do

lm mt nhiu bi. Nhit b di chuyn ln pha trn l, iu ny c th gy

ra nhit qu cao trong cc cyclone. Nu lng kh thi qu nhiu th tn

hao nhit cng nhiu v thit hi v kinh t. Ngoi ra cn lm tng ti qut

ID.

Thiu kh: Thiu kh dn ti t chy khng hon ton v lm gim

nhit zn nung. Mt phn kh cha chy v nhin liu tp trung trong

thp trao i nhit, cc b lc bi v ng dn ni m trong nhng trng

hp ri ro chng c th bc chy v n. Nhin liu khng chy trong kh

thi li lm tng mc tiu th nng lng ca l. N cng lm tng kh

nng hnh thnh cla trong u vo ca l.

Lng kh tha c iu khin sao cho bao gi cng c mt lng

kh tha so vi tc bt than cp vo l. iu ny c thc hin da trn

hm lng xi u vo ca l. Nn c gng gi cho hm lng xi khng

i bng cch thay i vn tc qut kh hoc thay i v tr van iu tit

qut. Qu trnh ny c thc hin nh cc mch vng iu chnh PID.

3.7 iu khin nhit bung phn hu:

Bi ton iu khin nhit bung phn hu l mt ton rt quan

trng, yu cu iu khin y l phi m bo sao cho liu sau khi ra khi

bung phn hu t mc canxi ho 90% - 95%. Hm lng canxi ho t

c trong bi ton ny c nh hng rt ln n bi ton iu khin zn

nung. N quyt nh n ch hot ng ca zn nung. m bo liu ra

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khi bung phn hu t mc canxi ho 90% - 95% ta phi m bo c

cc thng s hot ng v nhit , p sut nh hnh 3.12.

Vic iu khin nhit bung phn hu A56 c thc hin qua ccmch vng iu khin t ng sau:

- Tn hiu W2A55T1_PID1 iu khin: W2V21Y1_Z11 (v tr)

- Tn hiu W2A55T1_PID2 iu khin: W2V82Y1_F11 (im t)

- Tn hiu W2A56T2_PID iu khin: W2V31Y1_Z11 (v tr)

- Tn hiu W2A56T8_PID iu khin: W2A73M1 (v tr)

- Tn hiu W2A56T1_PID iu khin: W2A71M1 (v tr)

Trong W2V21 v W2V31 l cc van du, do h thng l c t

bng than nn vic iu khin nhit ch cn mch vng iu khin t

ng W2A55T1_PID2 iu khin im t cho cn quay cp than

W2V82.

Cu to v hot ng ca cn cp than Pfister

Ta bit than cp cho bung phn hu A56 c iu khin bng

mch vng t ng W2A55T1_PID2 iu khin im t cho cn quay

W2V82.

H thng cp than cho bung phn hu bao gm:

- Sil cha than W2L11, ng c khuy W2V70.

- Van kh nn W2V81, W2V84, W2V86.

- Qut gi W2V83M2, W2V85M2.

- ng c quay ng to gi W2V83M1, W2V85M1.

- Cn quay W2V82.

c phn b nh hnh 3.14.

Than trong sil W2L11 nh b khuy W2V70 chy qua van ng m

W2V81 xung cn quay W2V82. Gi t qut W2V83 qua van kh nn

W2V84 thi vo cn quay W2V82 a than cp cho bung phn hu. Cc

van W2V84 v WV86 c tc dng ng m. Gi thi vo bung phnhu c to ra t hai nhnh, trong mt thi im ch c mt nhnh hot

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ng cn mt nhnh d phng. Nhnh bn phi gm qut gi W2V83 v

van W2V84 l nhnh hot ng chnh.

Tc cp than c iu chnh bng tc quay ca a tc l thayi tc ca ng c quay a. Lu lng than cp cho bung phn hu

ph thuc vo nhit nh A55T1. Nhit lm tham s cho mch

vng PID iu khin ng c cp than V82. A55T1 cng cao th V82 m

cng nh. Tc quay ca V82 th hin lng than cp cho bung phn

hu.

Nhit A55T1 c o lm thng s thc cho b iu khin qu

trnh PIDCON. im t nhit t t bn phm ca ngi vn hnh. u

ra ca b PIDCON s quyt nh gc m cho b chnh lu dng Thyristor.

T iu chnh in p cp cho ng c cn quay than W2V82.

46

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3.8. Lm ngui v c tnh ca clinke:

Vic iu khin b lm ngui clinke l mt phn quan trng trong

phn x l nhit ca h thng l bi v n nh hng trc tip n cht

lng clinke ra l. Trong phn s hnh thnh v c tnh ca clinke ta

bit trong zn lm ngui c cc phn ng ho hc xy ra. T l qung C3S

lun gim i trong khi lm ngui, v s lm ngui cng chm th mc gim

cng ln, mt s qung s chuyn thnh C2S. S thay i v mi quan h

gia C3S v C2S s nh hng n vic nghin clinke v C2S kh nghin hn

C3S. Cch thc lm ngui clinke cng nh hng rt nhiu n cht lng

Sil cha thanmn L11

A56 PMThan

W2V81

W2V82

W2V72

47

W2V86 W2V84

W2V85 W2V83M M

P P

M

Hnh 3.14. S h thng cp than cho bung phn hu


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ca n. S lm ngui nhanh s nh hng tch cc n cht lng clinke

cng nh n kh nng nghin.

Ngoi ra nu chng ta to ra c mt dng i lu hon ho trongvic trao i nhit gia clinke v khng kh th hu nh ton b nhit lng

trong clinke c th c chuyn qua kh t. V th b lm ngui c kh

nng gim nhit nng tiu th nhiu nht. Hn na clinke ngui vn chuyn

d dng hn.

Kch c ht ca clinke rt quan trng i vi s hot ng ca bt c

b lm mt no. Khng c c qu nhiu bi, t hn 15% c d 0,5mm l

tt.

Nu c qu nhiu clinke c kch c 25mm lm tng nhit ca

clinke sau khi lm mt v lm mt nhit ny tn rt nhiu thi gian. t

hn 10% l tt nht.

Bi clinke c xu hng b thi ngc li l to thnh s lun chuyn

ca bi gia l v b phn lm mt. Bi ny c th lm nh hng n s

lan truyn ca ngn la trong l v thng lm o ln s hnh thnh

clinke, do s lun chuyn ca bi c xu hng tng ln.

S lun chuyn ca bi lm cho nhit lng ca clinke i vo b lm

mt tng ln, do s lm gim hiu sut ca b lm mt.

T nhng phn tch trn ta s rt ra c chin lc iu khin b

lm ngui clinke sao cho cht lng clinke tt nht, m bo hot ng tt

cho cc thit b v gim lng tiu th nng lng xung nh nht. S h

thng hnh 3.15.

H thng iu khin tc ghi:

Lu lng gi qua cc ghi ng c iu tit nh h thng thu lc

iu khin s dch chuyn ca ghi. Lu lng gi qua ghi ph thuc vo

lng clinke dy hay mng trn ghi. dy ca clinke li ph thuc vo tc

ca ghi. Mt vng iu khin c thc hin nh vic o p sut dighi iu khin chuyn ng ca cc xi lanh thu lc. Vy tc ca ghi

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s tc ng n nhit v nng sut lm ngui ca clinke. Tc v thi

gian chuyn ng ca ghi phi c kim sot.

Di cc thanh ghi ca b lm ngui c chia thnh mt s khoang,mi khoang c qut c trang b cc cnh dn hng c th iu chnh

c iu khin lu lng kh t ng v in nng tiu th ti thiu.

Clinke chy trn qua ghi c thu vo cc phu v a qua cc van lt kn

kh ti bng ti clinke.

S di chuyn ca ghi c iu khin bi bm chnh, bm du theo 2

hng. Du bm t ca A y ghi tin cn bm t ca B y ghi ngc li.

Trn cylinder c mt van ng/m (Shuttle valve). Chc nng ca van ny

l bt i mt phn du dng di chuyn ghi. Trn bm chnh c 2

bm nh. Mt bm l bm tng cng, dng in y th tch du m

van ng/m ly i. Bm th 2 dng bm du ti mt h thng dn

hng dng iu khin dng du t bm chnh. Bm chnh l bm piston

roto hng trc. H thng ph bao gm mt van t l iu khin bng in.

Ghi th 2 dng mi cylinder mi bn ca ghi, lm vic theo ch

master/slave. Ghi 1 ch dng mt cylinder ng trc ca ghi.

H thng iu khin lu lng gi:

Vng iu khin lu lng gi trn ghi bng cch o p sut u b

lm ngui iu khin van gi ca ht on ghi pha sau. Nh m lu

lng gi qua h thng ghi c iu chnh lm thay i lm thay i p

sut trn ghi. Qut ny cn tc ng n lu lng gi 2 vo l. h thng

iu khin tin cy v n gin th n phi m bo 3 chc nng:

- Lu lng kh khng i cho mi bung di ghi.

- p thp khng i trong ng chp l.

- p sut thp di khoang thanh ghi th nht.

H thng iu khin t ng h thng phun nc:

Vng iu khin nc phun thc hin bng b PID, nu nhit khtrc b lc cn ln hn 3000C th vi phun nc c t ng m, mi

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bn 3 vi ti nc vo clinke m bo nhit clinke ra l ng yu

cu ng thi cng bo v b lc bi tnh in khi hng v nhit.

Vn quan trng ca b lc bi ghi l x l v lc bi kh tha. Khtha thay i v s lng, nhit , hm lng bi, v vy h thng x l

phi c thit k cho iu kin xu nht.

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