bia,duhg tfrys mokï úrys; fpdaokdjkag meyeÈ,s ú.%yhkayayuthumaga.com/new/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/CompilationZof… · bia,duhg le

1 | All Ceylon Jamiyyathul Ulama


bia,duhg tfrys mokï úrys; fpdaokdjkag meyeÈ,s ú.%yhka

ióm l,l mgka bia,dï úfrdaë fjí wvú u.ska yd iudc udOHh Tiafia msú;=rebia,duhg le<,la tla lsÍug bia,dï úfrdaëka W;aiql ùu wm ks;r ijka fokafkuq' tfukauúúO fpdaokd bÈßm;a lr ;sîu o wm wid we;af;uq'

wm ixúOdkh ifydaor ,dxflah m%cdjg bia,duh ms<sn|j u;=jkakd jQ .eg¿ myod §ugne£ isák w;r bia,duh ms<sn|j lreKq úlD;s lrñka m, jkakd jQ fjí wvú lrd fkdf.diaTnf.a m%Yak wm fj; fhduq lrk fuka okajd isákafkuq' j¾;udkfha bia,duh úlD;s lsÍu ydtjka bia,dï NS;sld m%pdr m%p,s; lsÍu cd;Hka;rj b;d ,dNodhs l¾udka;hla njg m;aj we;'fï ish,a, lsisÿ mokulska f;dr jQ bia,dï ffjrh yd ms<sl=, we;s lsÍu i|yd ;=kS jd;fhkawyq,d .;a yqÿ ysia m%,dm nj wjOdrKh lrkafkuq'

we;eï bia,dï úfrdaëka úiska bia,duh ms<sn| fkdfhl=;a jHdc u;hka iudc .; lrñka—fndrej yd uq,dj" ysxikh yd NSIKh yd iudc ixys¢hd úfrdaë l%shd˜ hkdÈh bia,dufhaixl,amhka nj oelaùug fjr ord we;s wkaou wmg b;d myiqfjka jgyd .; yel'

f,dj mj;sk wfkl=;a wd.ï j,g iudkj fyda Bg;a jvd bia,duh iyÔjkh ydixys¢hdj wjOdrKh lrkakla nj okajd isákakg leue;af;uq' fï ms<sn|j ksoiqka rdYshla;sfnk w;r Y%S ,dxflah uqia,sï ckhd tu b.ekaùï jpkhg iSud fkdfldg m%dfhda.sljl%shd;aul l< wkaou Y%S ,dxflah uqia,sïjrekaf.a iyY%hlg wêl b;sydih Bg lÈu ksoiqklaf,i wm bÈßfha mj;S' fuu ud;Dldj my;ska idlÉPd lrk wjia:dfõ § fuu ksoiqka f.kyerolajkakg lghq;= lr we;af;uq'

we;eï bia,dï úfrdaë úfõplhska b;d kqiqÿiq m%ldY Ndú;fhka bia,duhg fpdaokdbÈßm;a l<o tf,iskau iudk jdlHhka yd joka Wmfhda.S lr .ksñka lreKq myod fokakg fydams<s;=re imhkakg bia,dï oyfï b.ekaùï wkqj wkque;shla fkdue;s nj b;d ksy;udkSj m%ldYlr isákafkuq' ckhd iu. wka;¾ l%shdldrlï mj;ajd .ekSfï § w,a l=¾wdkfha yd uqyïuoa;=udKkaf.a fYa%IaG b.ekaùï yd u. fmkaùï wkqj lghq;= lsÍug wms ne¢ isákafkuq'

hym; u.ska whym; j<lajd<Su

—;jo hym; yd whym; iu fkdjkafkah' ^tneúka& b;d hym;a oehska ^whym;& j<lajjq'˜ ^w,al=¾wdkh 41(34&

uDÿ f,i yeisÍu iudj §u

—;jo ljfrl= bjis,su;a ù iudj ÿkafka o ieneúkau th iaÒr lreKq j,skah'1˜ ^w,a l=¾wdka42(43&

—;jo ñksiqkaf.ka kqUf.a lïuq, ^wyxldrfhka& yrjd fkd.ksjq' ñys;,fha WvÕ= ,S,dfjkafkdweúÈjqq' ieneúkau w,a,dya .¾jfhka hq;=j mqridrï fodvkakkaj m%sh fkdlrkafkah'˜ ^w,al=¾wdka 31(18&

—;jo Tjqyq uyd mdmhka yd wYslaIs; oehska je<fl;s' ;jo Tjqyq fldamhg m;a jQ úg iudjfokakka fj;s'˜ ^w,a l=¾wdka 42(37&

hqla;s.rel ùu

—úYajdi l<jqks" w,a,dya fjkqfjka ^Tyqf.a ksfhda.hka ms<sme§ug& iaÓr jQjka f,i yd hqla;shi|yd idlaIslrejka f,i jjq' ;jo ieneúkau msßilf.a fl%daOh kqU,d hqla;sh bgq fkdlsÍuflfrys kqU,dj fmd,Uúh fkdhq;=h' îEu wjia:djlu& kqU,d hqla;sh bgq lrjq' th ìh

1& IÍwd ms<sfj; wkqj wmrdOhlg iu m%;so~qjï lsÍfï whs;sh ;snqK o tjka wjia:djkays § bjis,sjka;j iudj §uWiia l%shdjla f,i ie,fla' tneúka fuu jelsfha iAÒr lreK jYfhka woyia lrkqfha fuu Wiia l%shdjhs'iuia;hla jYfhka IÍwd ms<sfj; fY%aIaG udkqISh w.hka u; f.dv ke.S we;s nj fuhska meyeÈ,s fõ'


Nla;shg b;d iómh' ;jo w,a,dyag ìh Nla;su;a jjq' ieneúkau kqU,d lrk oE ms<sn|j w,a,dyawNs{dkjka;h'˜ ^w,a l=¾wdka 5(8&

tfukau uqyïuoa ;=udKka mjd fuf,djg meñKs mrud¾:h jkafka hylu yd idrO¾umßmq¾K;ajhg f.k tauhs' ;j;a kì jokg wkql+,j ienE uqia,sïjrfhl=f.a .=Kdx.hla jkafkahym; l:d lsÍu jk w;r hula ;ukag fkdokafka kï ksye`ähdfjka isák f,i wK fldgwe;' ^w,a nqydß" wyuoa&

tfyhska by; b.ekaùï yd wkql+,;ajlska hqla;j ienE uqia,sïjrfhl= jYfhka Ôj;a ùug wmie§ meye§ isák w;r ta whqßkau fuu meyeÈ,s lsÍfï fmd;a msxp ilikakg lghq;= fldgwe;af;uq'

bia,duh ;=<ska i;Hh l:d lsÍug Èß .ekaùu

—kqU,d oekf.k isák ;;a;ajfha wi;Hh iu. i;Hh fkdmg,jjq' ;jo kqU,d i;Hhfkdi`.jjq˜' ^w,a l=¾wdka 2(42&

uqyïuoa ;=udKka fufia mejiqy' —;ud ksjerÈ jqjo th fjkqfjka ^wksis f,i& jdo újdo lsÍfukaje<lS isák mqoa.,hdg iaj¾.h wjg ksjila ,nd fok njgo" úys¿jlg fyda fndrejla fkdlshkmqoa.,hdg iaj¾.h ueo ksjila ,nd fok njgo" ;u pß;h hym;aj ;nd .kakd mqoa.,hdgiaj¾.fha by<u fldgfia ksjila ,nd fok njgo uu iy;sl jkafkñ'˜ îqkka wnq odjqoa&

uqyïuoa ;=udKka fufia mejiqy' —my; i|yka .=Kdx. y;r Tng ;sfí kï Tng f,dfjyslsisúfgl;a w,dNhla we;s fkdjkafkah' Tnf.a Ndrldr;ajfha ;nk ,o oE /l.ekSu" l:dfjysi;Hjd§ ùu" w,xldr jQ yd hym;a yeisÍu" wdydr wkqNjfhys uOHia:Ndjh tu .=Kdx.hs ^wyuoaiy nhsydls&

—uu Tng i;Hjd§ jk f,i okajñ' ieneúkau i;Hjd§ ùu O¾ñIaG;ajh lrd fhduq lrhs'O¾ñIaG;ajh iaj¾.h lrd fhduq lrhs' w,a,dya wNshi i;HjdÈfhl= f,i ,shd.kq ,nk f;lañksfil= i;Hjd§j lghq;= lrk w;r i;HjdÈ;ajh Wfoid m%h;ak orhs' wi;Hjd§lu .ekm%fõiï jkak' wi;Hjd§lu mdmh lrd fhduq lrhs' mdmh ksrd .skak lrd fhduq lrhs' w,a,dyawNshi wi;HjdÈfhl= f,i ,shd.kq ,nk f;la ñksfil= wi;Hjd§j lghq;= lrk w;rwi;HjdÈ;ajh Wfoid m%h;ak orñka isáhs˜' îySya uqia,sï&

^1& fpdaokdj (

—iySya w,a nqydÍ 2546$ iySya uqia,sï 2605

fudfyduoa foaYKd l,d ( fndrej yd uq,dj wjia:d ;=kl§ yefrkakg Ndú;d lsÍu iqÿiq fkdfõ'^bia,dufha y,d,a fldg we;s tu wjia:d ;=k kï&"

01& m%Yakhla úiod .ekSu i|yd mqreIhd úiska ;u Nd¾hHdjg fndrelSu'

02& igkla lsÍfï§ úreoaO md¾Yjh uq,d lsÍu i|yd fndrelSu'

03& ñksiqka w;r hïlsis m%Yakhl§ Tjqka ikaiqka lsÍfï Wmdhla f,i fndrelSu'˜

ú.%yh (

bia,dufha wi;Hh m%ldY lsÍug § we;s wjia:d

my; kì jofkys i|yka wjia:djka ;=fkys iy w,aa l=¾wdkfha i|yka wjia:d follyer bia,duh fndrej yd wi;HjdÈ;ajh iyuq,skau ;ykï fldg we;' wkque;sh § we;s fuuwjia:d ñksia Ôú;fha h:d¾:h iu. fl;rï ne¢ we;soeZhs my; ú.%yhkaf.ka Tng meyeÈ,s jkqwe;'

m<uqj" bia,dufha wi;Hh m%ldY lsÍug wkqu; fldg we;s wjia:d ms<sn| úuid n,uq' fïms<sn| uqyïuoa ;=udKkaf.a jeo.;a m%ldYkhla fuu lreKq ;=ku wka;¾.;j w;a ;s¾ñÈ uQ,dY%fhawxl 1939 ys i|ykaj we;'


uqyïuoa ;=udKka mejiQ nj wiaud ;=ñh jd¾;d lrkakSh ( —wjia:djka ;=kl§ yer wi;HmejiSug wkque;sh ke;' tkï" mqoa.,fhl= ;u ìß| ^wukdmfhka isák wjia:djl§& weh i;=ggm;a lsÍu i|yd wi;H mejiSu" hqo ìfï§ wi;H mejiSu" ñksiqka w;r ^.egqï& iu:hlg m;alsÍu i|yd wi;H mejiSu'˜ ^w;a ;s¾ñÈ ( 1939&

bia,duh" ñksia Ôú;fha yrh ksis whqßka ilid f.k iduh mokï jQ id¾:l Èúfmfj;lg h:d¾:jd§j u. fmkajk oyuls' tksidu bia,duh wdOHd;añl Ôú;hg u.fmkajkoyula fukau mßmq¾K Ôjk ie,eiaula hkqfjka o ye¢kaùu jvd;a ksjerÈh'

mjqf,a iduh wdrlaId lsÍu Wfoid hula f.d;d m%ldY lsÍu

mjq," ñksia iudcfha laIqø tallhhs' mjq, ì| jegqK úg wkd.; iudcfha j.lsj hq;a;kajk ore mrmqr úkdYh lrd fhduq ùfï bvlv jeähs' tfukau mjq, ì| jegqK úg iudch ì|jefghs' iudch ì| jegqK úg rgu ì| jefghs' fydoaog ¨kq jeäùu jeks b;d w,am fya;=ka u;wdrïN jQ wñysß l;dny fldf;la kï Èlalidoh olajd ÿrÈ.g f.dia we;soeZhs lreKdlr fidhdn,kak' iudc fiajd fomd¾;fïka;=fõ wOHlaIl wkqIal f.dal=, uy;d mjik wkaoug Èklgisÿjk Èlalido m%udKh 400 olajd jeä ù we;s njh' újdy ù j¾Ihla we;=<; isÿjk Èlalidom%udKh b;d Nhdkl wkaoñka jeä fjñka mj;sk nj o tu uy;d ;j ÿrg;a okajd isà'

ûq,dY%h( http://newsfirst.lk/english/2014/03/better-half-becomes-bitter-half-hearts-fall-apart-quickly-sri-lanka-warning-alarm/23209)

fujka Nhdkl iudc jHikhla j<lajd .ekSu i|yd wi;HjdÈ;ajh iïmq¾Kfhka;ykï fldg we;s bia,duh iajdñ mqreIhd yd ìß| w;f¾ hym;a fohla f.d;d lshd ;u mjq,aÔú;h wdrlaId lr .kakg wkque;sh ,nd § we;' fuh jxpksl;ajh yd fm%davdjla mokï jQl%shdjla fkdjk nj W.;a ieug myiqfjka jegfykq we;'

Wmdh ud¾.sl hqo m%fhda.

hqoaOh hkq uq<d lsÍula îqkka wnq odjQoa ( 2637& hehs uqyïuoa ;=udKka mjid ;sîu owe;euqkaf.a úfõpkhg ,la ù ;snQ ;j;a lreKls' wms fnÿïjd§ fldá ;%ia;jd§ka iu. oYl;=kl wú .egqul ksr; ù isáfhuq' wmf.a ùfrdaOdr rKúrejka fuu ;%ia;jd§ka mrdch lsÍui|yd fh¥ Wmdh ud¾.hka w;f¾ i;=rd uq<d lsÍu b;d jeo.;a ;ekla .;a l%shdjls' fï ms<sn|jd¾;d fndfyduhla wms mqj;am;a u.ska lshjd we;af;uq' hqo Wmdhla f,iska muKla fuu ;;a;ajhWmfhda.S lr .; yels w;r bka neyerj bia,dñlfhl=g lsisu whqrlska wka whj uq<d fldglghq;= lsÍug wkque;shla fkdue;' hqo Wmdhhka yd hqo mshjrhka ms<sn|j i;=rdj oekqj;a fldglghq;= lrk fiakdêkdhlfhl= ù kï" Tyq w;a lr .kakd wjdikdjka; brKu ms<sn|jwuq;=fjka wgqjd ,shkakg wjYH fkdjk nj is;kafkuq' wefußldkq hqo yuqodfõ ks, fjí wvúi`.rdfõ hqoaOhl § i;=rd uq<d lsÍu iïu; m%Odk hqo Wmdhla f,i olajd we;' ta ms<sn| úia;rlreKdlr my; i|yka fjí iïnkaOlfhka lshjd i;Hh wjfndaO lr .ekSug lghq;= lrkak'

ûQ,dY%h ( http://soldiers.dodlive.mil/2014/09/strategic-trickery-the-u-s-armys-use-of-tactical-deception/&

wefußldfõ W;=re lfrd,skd rdcH úYaj úoHd,fha yuqod b;sydih ms<sn| uydpd¾hfcdai*a lefv,a fufia mjid isà' —hqo l%shdj,sfha uq<dj yuqod .egqï ;rug bmerKs isoaOdka;hls'i;=rdj jHdl=,;ajhg m;a lsÍfï h:d¾:h w;HjYH lreKls' fuu.ska iS>% hy m%;sM, ,nd.ekSu

wfmalaIs;h'˜ (Source:Caddell,Joseph,“Deception 101: Primer on Deception.”)

fg%dahs k.rh ch .ekSu i|yd .%Sl yuqodj hqo Wmdhla jYfhka fh¥ fg%dacka wYajhdms<sn|j Tn fndfyda úg oekqj;a ù ke;eZhs is;kafkuq' fkdoekqj;a lu mokï lr f.k wkaoyï úfõpkh lsÍu fl;rï iodpdr iïmkako hkak lreKdlr is;d n,kak'

iudc iduh yd tluq;=j /l.ekSu i|yd

wi;Hh m%ldY lsÍu i|yd wjirh § we;s ;=kajk wjia:dj f,i olajd we;af;a .egqulgueÈ ù we;s fomd¾Yjh w;f¾ iudodkh we;s lsÍu i|ydh' wm kej; jrla wjOdrKh l<


hq;af;a .egqula we;s ù uyd jHikhla j<lajd .ekSu i|yd hula f.d;d lSu iudc hym; i|ydjQ l%shdjla f,i idOdrK Ñka;khla we;s ´kEu wfhl= wkqu; lrk l%shdjla fkdjkafka o lshdlreKdlr fudfyd;lg is;d n,kak hkqfjks' wm ñksia Ôú;h foi ne,sh hq;af;a wyfiamdfjk woyia mokï lrf.k fkdj uy fmdf<dfõ mh .id lrkakd jQ h:d¾:jd§ Ñka;khlamokï lr f.kh'

^2& fpdaokdj (

—fuf,i wkHd.ñlhska bÈßfha fndre lshd uq,d lsÍfï bia,dñl l%ufõoh w,a glahd ^bia,dufhajdish i|yd wkHd.ñlhska fndrefjka yd uq,dfjka /jàu& kñka ye¢kafõ'˜

ú.%yh ( w,a ;lahd ^glahd& hkq l=ula o@

zw,a ;lahdZ hk wrdì mofha Yío fldaI w¾:h m<uqj úuid n,uq' “Lane’s Lexicon”kue;s wrdì - bx.%Sis Yío fldaIhg wkqj z;lahdZ hk wrdì mofha uq,a moh jkafka zjldZ hkakhs'zwd;audrlaIdjZ yd zwdrlaId lr .ekSuZ jeks w¾: tys wka;¾.;h' i;Hh ie`.ùfukazwd;audrlaIdjZ we;s lr .ekSu fuys m%dfhda.sl w¾:hhs'

wdrïN wjÈfhys bia,dï úfrdaëka úiska uqia,sïjrekag fkdfhl=;a wkaoñka ysßyer fldgúYd, jYfhka foam, ydkshka isÿ lrkakg bÈßm;a jQy' fujka l=ßre wjia:djka j,§ Tjqkaf.awd;auh yd foam, wdrlaId lr .ekSu i|yd —;ud uqia,sï Nla;slfhl= fkdfõ˜ hehs uqúka hulamjid fyda ;udj wdrlaId lr .ekSug bia,duh wkque;shla muKla ,nd § we;'

fuys wmrdOlre fl;rï l=ßre jqj o fuys mrud¾:h jkafka ;udf.a wdrlaIdj muKlañi tu wmrdOlrejd fkdu. heùu yd /jàu fkdfõ' Y%S ,xld m%cd;dka;%sl iudcjd§ ckrch;=< jqjo ;u wd;au yd Ok wdrlaIdj i|yd úreoaOjdÈhdg myr §ug jqjo wkque;shla we;' wmb;d wdvïnr jk lreKla kï f,dfõ Ôj;a jk iEu ñksfil=gu ;uka uqyqK fokakd jQ iEuwjia:djl§u yeisßh hq;= wkaou yd úi÷ï bia,duh ;=<ska fmkajd § ;sîuhs'

w,a l=¾wdkfha —w,a ;lshd˜ hkafkka mohla i|yka ù fkdue;' kuq;a —;=ld;ka˜ hehsi|yka ù we;' fuys wre; jkafka ;u Okh yd m%dKh i;=rdf.ka wdrlaId lr .ekSu i|yd hïjdÑlj jEhula oeÍuhs' fuh wka i;= jia;+ka meyer .ekSu i|yd Ndú; lsÍug wkque;shlafkdjkafkah' bia,duhg tfrys m%pdrK lghq;= j, kshef<kafkda fuu ixl,amh úlDls lsÍui|yd my; i|yka w,a l=¾wdka jels Wmqgd olaj;s'

—;jo wdrlaIl Wmdhla f,i Tjqkaf.ka kqU,d mQ¾jdrlaIdj ,nd .ekSug ñi ljfrl= fuf,ilrkafka o Tyq w,a,dyaf.ka jQ ôyfuys& lsisjlska ^ysñlrefjl=& fkdjkafkah'˜ ^w,a l=¾wdka 3(28&

—ljfrl= úYajdi lsÍfuka miq w,a,dyaj m%;slafIam lf<a o ^Tjqka flfrys w,a,dyaf.a fldamhwe;&' ljfrl= ;u yoj; úYajdifhka iekiqug m;a j ;sìh § ^úYajdifhka neyer jk fuka&n, lrkq ,nkafka o Tyq yer h'˜ ^w,a l=¾wdkh 16(106&

fuu w,a l=¾wdka jelsh my< lsÍug fya;= jQ ft;sydisl isÿùula flfrys wmf.a wjOdkhfhduq lsÍfuka tys ienE w¾:h myiqfjka Tng wjfndaO lr .ekSug yels jkq we;eZhs úYajdilrkafkuq' uqyïuoa ;=udKkaf.a i`.fhl= jQ wïud¾ ;=udf.a foudmshka hdis¾ yd iqffuhd h' Tjqkabia,duh je<| .ekSu fya;=fjka ulaldfõ úiq bia,dï úfrdaëka úiska Tjqkaj l=ßre jO ysxidj,g ,la fldg urKhg m;a lrk ,§' fujka mSvdldÍ ;;a;ajhlg m;aj isá wïud¾ ;=udj Èklabia,dï úfrdaëka úiska urK ;¾ck bÈßm;a lrñka bia,duh yd uqyïuoa ;=udKkaj m%;slafIaml< nj mjikakg n, lrkq ,eîh' fuf,i ;on, whqßka n,mEï j,g ,la jQ wïud¾ ;=udlsisjla lrlshd .kakg fkdyels ;;a;ajhla ;=< isf;a úYajdih Yla;su;aj ;nd .ksñka bia,dïúfrdaëkaf.a b,a,Sug wkqj tfia m%ldY l<y' bkamiqj b;d oeä is;a ;ejq,lg m;a ù uqyïuoa;=udKka yuq jQ úg wïud¾ ;=udj ksfodia lrñka by; w,a l=¾wdka jdlH w,a,dya úiska my<lrk ,§'

by;ska úia;r lrk ,o mßÈ Ôú; ;¾ck t,a, jk wdldrfha nrm;< whqßka n,mEï isÿjQ úg wd;au wdrlaIdj i|yd ;u wd.ñl úYajdih ms<sn|j isf;a we;s i;Hh ;;a;ajhg mgyekswhqßka woyia m%ldY lsÍug wjia:djla we;s w;r bka neyerj jxpksl yd fm%davdldÍ whqßka


wi;Hjd§j l%shd lsÍug bia,dóh b.ekaùïys lsisÿ wkque;shla fkdue;' fï ms<sn| ú.%yhlabÈßm;a lrk fojk jelsh 3(28 h' fï ms<sn| ú.%yhla we;euqka bÈßm;a l< fpdaokdjlg wod<jbÈßfha§ olajd we;af;uq'

fujka ;;a;ajhka ms<sn|j bia,dóh fkdjk uq,dY%hkays i|yka lreKla Tnf.a wjOdkhmsKsi bÈßm;a lrkakg leue;af;uq'

—wmrdO mk;a wkqj wmrdOlrefjl= lsisfjl=f.a n,mEula u;" n, lsÍula u;" l< fkdyels;;a;ajhla fkdue;s wjia:djl lrk ,o wmrdOhla iïnkaOj jerÈlrefjl= f,i Widúhfkdms<s.kS'˜ ^wmrdO úoHdj - uydpd¾h ohd wurfialr - 10 jeks msgqj&

kQ;k wmrdO úoHdj yd wkql+,;djla we;s b.ekaùï oekg j¾I 1400 lg fmr my< lrk,o w,a l=¾wdkfhys wka;¾.; ù ;sîu ieneúkau tys b.ekaùïys we;s iod;ksl yd hdj;ald,Sknj ikd: lsÍula f,i wms olskafkuq'

wjdikdjg bia,dï úfrdaë fjí wvú u.ska yd wfkl=;a bia,dï úfrdaë l%shdldÍkabia,duh ms<sn|j bÈßm;a lrkakg fjr ork jerÈ w¾: l:khka ms<sn|j wmf.a oeä ms<sl=,aiy.; úfrdaOh okajd isákakg leue;af;uq' Tjqka f,djg y~ k`.d mjik jerÈ u;h kïbia,dñlfhl=g bia,dï fkdjkakkaj wi;Hfhka" fm%davdfjka yd jxpdfjka /jàug bia,dóhb.ekaùï wkque;sh ,nd § we;s njh'

by;ska ú.%y l< w,a l=¾wdka jelsfhka yd uqyïuoa ;=udKkaf.a m%ldYh wkqj i|ykawjia:djka ;=fkys yd wd;audrlaIdj i|yd wi;Hh m%ldY lsÍug yer wka lsisÿ wjia:djlabia,dóh uq,dY%hkays i|yka fkdfõ' we;euqka i|yka lrk mßÈ lsishï wdldrhl jxpksl;ajhlawi;Hjd§lula lmálula fm%davdldß;ajhla fyda /já,sldrlula m%.=K lsÍug fyda Èß .ekaùugwkqn, fok wdldrfha lsisÿ woyila lsisÿ bia,dóh uq,dY%hl wka;¾.; ù fkdue;s njj.lSulska hqla;j m%ldY lrkakg leue;af;uq' bia,dï úfrdaëka úiska —ß,hkaia T*a o g%ej,¾˜.%ka:fhka Wmqgd olajd ;snq fldgi miqj ú.%y lrkakg wfmalaId lrkafkuq' ;j;a jfrl wkawhf.a foam, yd jia;=ka jxpksl whqßka ,nd .ekSug bia,dufha Y=oaO jQ fndrej yd uq,dj hkwY=oaO ixl,amh u.ska bvlv ,nd § we;s nj i|yka jQ wjia:d rdYshla iudc cd,hka ;=<ska wmsoel we;af;uq'

lreKdlr my; i|yka w,a l=¾wdka jelsh flfrys Tnf.a wjOdkh fhduq lrkak' túgi;Hh meyeÈ,s fõ hehs úYajdi lrkafkuq'

—kqU,d w;r widOdrK wkaoñka kqU,d tlsfkldf.a jia;=j wkqNj fkdlrjq' ;jo kqU,doekqj;aju ckhdf.a jia;=fjka fldgila mdmldÍ whqßka wkqNj lsÍu msKsi n,OdÍka fj; tajd^jia;=fjka fldgila w,a,ia jYfhka& fkdhjjq ^w,a l=¾wdka 2(188&

^3& fpdaokdj (

—w,a glshd kHdhg wkqj uqia,sïjreka úiska wkHd.ñl iudchka bÈßfha lrkakd jQ fm%davdjmgka .kafka —bia,dï hk jpkfha f;areu iduhhs hk mÜg m,a fndrej WrÉÑ lrñka h'kuq;a bia,dï hk wrdì jpkfha kshu f;areu kï —w,a,dya foúhkag iïmq¾K jYfhka hg;aùu (Total Submission to Allah) ñi iduh fkdfõ'

ú.%yh (

bia,dï iy i,dï hk wrdì mohkays uQ, wlaIr jkafka î , u - hkakh' fuu &م ل س uQ, wlaIrhkaf.ka wjk; ùu" lSlreùu" iduh hk w¾:hka we;s wrdì jpk iEfoa' bia,dufhaiïu; wdYsxikh jkafka —wiai,duq wff,l=ï˜h' —Tng iduh w;afõjd˜ hkak fuys w¾:h fõ'bia,dï úfrdaë cd;Hka;r fjí wvú W;aidy orkafka zbia,dïZ hk mofha w¾:h zhg;a ùuZmuKla nj olajd ta ;=<ska yqUia ìhla we;s lsÍu nj olakg we;' fï i|yd Tjqka zw,a l=¾wdkaZjels úlD;s lrñka ckhd fkdu. hjkakg wid¾:l W;aidyhl fhfoñka isák njo wms oksuq'Tjqkaf.a mshigyka wkq.ukh lrñka we;euqka y~ k.kq wmg ks;r olskakg we;' bia,dufhatlu w¾:h zwjk; ùuZ hkak muKla f,i .;a;;a we;s je/oao l=ulaoeZhs úuikakg


leue;af;uq' foúhkag wjk; ùu hkafkka woyia jkafka foú÷kaf.a b.ekaùï wkqj Ôú;hilid .ekSuh' we;eï ixúOdk úiska ckhd fkdu. heùu msKsi w,aa l=¾wdka jels úlD;s lrñkalrkakd jQ ish¨ m%pdrhka ms<sn| ksjerÈ meyeÈ,s lsÍï bÈßm;a lsÍug wm lghq;= lrk fyhskaTjqka lshkakg W;aidy lrk zbia,dïZ hk jpkfha f;areu ziduhhsZ hk w¾:h mÜg m,afndrejla WrÉÑ lsÍula f,i yqjd olajkakg lghq;= lsÍula hkak Tjqkaf.a wjfndaOfha ydoelafï fodaIhla ñi i;Hh fkdjk nj meyeÈ,s jkq we;' wrdì NdId úoaj;=ka w;f¾wújdofhkau Wiiau wrdì - bx.%Sis Yío fldaIh f,i ms<s.;a “Edward William Lane-Arabic Lexicon, the

world's leading lexicon on classical Arabic http://www.tyndalearchive.com/tabs/lane/” .%ka:fhka fï ms<sn|Tng ksjerÈ f;dr;=re ,nd .; yels jkq we;' ta ms<sn| wrdì NdId úoajf;l=f.a u;hla my;skaolajd we;af;uq'

tfldf,diajk ishjfia Ôj;a jQ cd;Hka;r lS¾;shg yd ms<s.ekSug md;% jQ wrdì NdIdj ydw,a l=¾wdkh ms<sn|j yi, oekqula we;s bia,dóh úoajf;l= jk budï w,a rd.sí w,a wia*ydkS;=udKka my; i|yka whqßka woyia olajd we;'

—w,a bia,dï hk mofhys wre; iduh ;=<g wj;S¾K ùu fõ' tkï tlsfkld wfkldg hïWjÿrla we;s ùug fya;=jla ùfuka ksfodia ùuhs'˜ ^.%ka:h ( uc,a,;=,a nqyQis w,a bia,dñhd"fj¿u(16" msgqj(318&

^4& fpdaokdj ( bia,dï Ißwd kS;sfhka ( ß,hkaia T*a o g%ej,¾ ^msgqj 746-8'2&

—l;d lsÍu fyda jpk mßyrKh hkq wruqKq bIaG lr.ekSfï u.ls' hïlsis wruqKla we;a;lSfuka iy fndre lSfuka hk l%u foflkau bIaG lr.; yelskï" th fndre lSfuka bIaG lr.ekSu kS;shg mgyeksh' tfia jkafka fndrej fyda uq,dj tu wjia:djg wjYHh fkdjk neúks'kuq;a" tu wruqK we;a; lshd bIaG lr .; fkdyels kï iy th bIaG lr .; yelaflafndrefjkau $ uq,dfjkau muKla kï tjeks wjia:djl§ Tfí wruqK fndrefjka iy uq,dfjkabIaG lr.ekSug wjir we;' bIaG lr .; hq;= wruqK ^b,lalh& wksjd¾h kï ta i|yd ^tub,lalh bIaG lr .ekSu i|yd& fndre lSuo wksjd¾h jkafkah' Tyq úiska ;udg bIaG lr .ekSugwe;s wruqK i|yd we;a; lSfuka ,efnk m%;sM,h iy fndrelSfuka ,efnk m%;sM,h ii|d ne,shhq;= fõ' we;a; lSfuka we;sjk m%;sM,hg jvd fndrelSfuka ,efnk m%;sM,h ;u wruqKq bIaG lr.ekSu ii|d jvd jdisiy.; kï Tyq wksjd¾hfhkau tu wruqK fndre lshd ch .; hq;=h'˜

ú.%yh ( fuu fþoh mßj¾;kh fldg bÈßm;a fldg we;s wdldrh bx.%Sis uq,dY%h iu. ksisiei£ula fkdue;' flfia fj;;a by; fþohg o mdol jkafka wi;Hh m%ldY lsÍug § we;swjia:d ;=kh' tu lreKq ms<sn|j budï wnq ydóâ .id,S ;=ud úiska bÈßm;a fldg ;snq ú.%yhúlD;s fldg lreKq oelaùula fuys olakg we;' .id,s ;=ud bÈßm;a fldg ;snQ WodyrK i|ykafkdfldg lreKq bÈßm;a lsÍfuka i;Hh jix ùula isÿ fldg we;' .id,s ;=udf.a ú.%yh wkqj —ckhd mSvdjg m;a lrjk wmrdOlrefjl= meñK ;ud úiska i`.jd ;nd isák mqoa.,fhl= .ekúuiQ úg Tyqj fy<sorjq fkdfldg wi;Hh m%ldY fldg Tyqf.a Ôú;h fírd .ekSu wksjd¾hld¾hhla hkakh' ;ud fj; wdrlaIdj msKsi ;nd we;s jákd fohla idyisl wmrdOlrefjl=meñK tu oE .ek úuiQ úg th wdrlaId lr.ekSu i|yd ztjekakla ;ud wNshi fkdue;s njZwi;Hh m%ldY lsÍu wksjd¾h fjhs'˜ iudcfha isÿjk fujka ysxidldÍ yd ;u wdrlaIdjg;¾ckhla jQ ;;a;ajhkaf.ka ñ§ hymeje;au yd wdrlaIdj wruqKq fldg.;a ú.%yhla ;sìh§ thbia,dufha —Y=oaO jQ fndrej yd uq,dj˜ f,iska yqjd oelaùug lghq;= lsÍu wY=oaO ixl,amhla f,iolskafkuq'

by;ska úia;r lrk ,o mßÈ Ôú; ;¾ck fyda wfkl=;a wmrdOldÍ ;;a;ajhla t,a, jkwdldrfha nrm;< whqßka n,mEï isÿjQ úg i;Hh ;;a;ajhg mgyeks whqßka woyia m%ldY lsÍugwjia:djla we;s w;r bka neyerj jxpksl yd fm%davdldÍ whqßka l%shd lsÍug bia,dóh b.ekaùïyslsisÿ wkque;shla fkdue;'

tfukau Nhdkl ;;a;ajhl§ yeisßh hq;= wkaou bia,dóh fkdjk uq,dY%hkays i|ykalreKq mdGl Tnf.a wjOdkh msKsi bÈßm;a lf<uq'


—mjq,l iajdñhd muK blaujd flaka;shg m;a jkafkla kï wi,ajeishka iu`. rxvq irej,aj,megf,kjd kï iajdñhd i;=j mj;sk oreKq wdhqOhla fydrlï lrñka i`.jd,k ìß|isÿlrkafka iajdñhdg;a iudchg;a hym;la'˜

—ioaNdjfhka i;aj >d;kh isÿ fjkak;a bv ;sfhkjd' msiaiq n,af,la mdi,lg we;=¿ ù <uhskaimd lñka hk úg nqoaêu;a .=rejrfhla <uhskaf.a wdrlaIdj ;ld msiaiq n,a,d urd oukjd kïth hym;a fÉ;kdjlska isÿlrk i;aj >d;khla fjkjd˜'

Source : ( ht t p wwwl akehouse l k budusar ana: // . . / /2011/12/10/ t mp asp I D vi si on. ? = 11) ^le,Ksh

úYaj õoHd,fha ixialD;sl wOHhk wxYdêm;s " uydpd¾h b÷rd.df¾ Oïur;k ysñ &

^5& fpdaokdj ( l=rdkh 3(28

—uqia,sïjreka úiska lsisf,ilskaj;a uqia,sïjrekg Wäka wkHd.ñlhska ñ;=rka f,i fkd.;hq;=h' fuu ksfhda.hg tfrysj hk uqia,sïjrfhl= fõ o" ^Tyqf.a uqia,sïNdjh wfydais jk w;r&w,a,dya Tyq iu. we;s ish¨ iïnkaOlï ioygu kj;d oukq we;' kuq;a ^Tn fjfikafkawkHd.ñl iudchl kï fyda wkHd.ñlhskaf.a n,h uqia,sïjrekaf.a n,hg jvd jeä kï&" TfíwdrlaIdj ^tkï" wkHd.ñl N+ñh ;=< uqia,sïjrekaf.a iy bia,dufha meje;au iy m%idrKh&msKsi Ndú; l< yels Wml%uhla f,i muKla Tjqka iu. u;=msáka muKla fmkajkakd jQñ;%;ajhla mj;ajd f.k hEug w,a,dya úiska ûqia,sïjrekag& ksfhda. fldg we;˜'

we;eï úfõplhska by; fldgi iu. bíka l;S¾ ;=udf.a hehs mjik ú.%yhla yd y§iajoka hehs i|yka jels lsysmhla i|yka fldg wjidkhg my; i|yka fldgi bÈßm;a fldg;sîu iudc udOHh u.ska wms ijka ÿkafkuq'

—wm iudch meg,S we;s mU.df,a iajNdjh l=ulaoeZhs oekaj;a Tng jegysh hq;=h' wm rg cd;shbÈßfha we;af;a fuf;la Tn isysfkkaj;a fkdis;= wdldrfha fm%davdldÍ tfukau uy;a jQúkdYldÍ is;d .ekSug mjd wmyiq jHdl+, ;;a;ajhls' tfy;a wm fuu wNsfhda.hg uqyqK Èhhq;=h" wm bia,dóh ïf,aÉP;ajh mrod ch .; hq;=h' wmf.a foaYh;a" wd.u;a fírd .; hq;=h'˜

ú.%yh ( by; fldgi úpdrfhka f;drj lshjk wfhl=f.a is;ays bia,dï oyu yd uqia,sïjrekams<sn| b;d Nhdkl Ñ;a; rEmhla we;s ùu i¾j idOdrKh' tfyhska fï ms<sn| i;Hh mokï lr.;a úpdrYS,S ú.%yhla bÈßm;a lrkakg woyia lrkafkuq' m<uqj by;ska Wmqgd oela jQ w,al=¾wdka jelsfha ksjerÈ isxy, w¾: oelaùu fj; fhduq fjuq'

—úYajdislhska" úYajdislhska yer m%;slafIamlhskaj wdrlaIlhska$ Ndrldrhska$ ióm ñ;=rka f,ifkd.; hq;h' ;jo wdrlaIl Wmdhla f,i Tjqkaf.ka kqU,d mQ¾jdrlaIdj ,nd .ekSug ñiljfrl= fuf,i lrkafka o Tyq w,a,dyaf.ka jQ ôyfuys& lsisjl ^ysñlrefjl=& fkdjkafkah'w,a,dya ;uka ms<snoj kqU,dg wjjdo lrkafkah' wjidkfhys fhduqjk ia:dkh w,a,dya fj;h'˜^w,a l=¾wdka 3(28&

fuu mßj¾;k fol nqoaêu;aj lshjk wfhl=g w,a l=¾wdka jels úlD;s fldg we;swdldrh meyeÈ,sj oel .; yelsh' fuu w,a l=¾wdka jelsh ksjerÈj wjfndaO lr.ekSu i|ydbia,duh ;=< weiqre lsÍï ms<sn| ixl,amh fj; wjOdkh fhduql< hq;= fjhs' th my;ska ú.%yfldg we;af;uq'

fuu w,a l=¾wdka jelsfha miqìu jkafka wka wd.ñlhska úiska l=ßre f,i uqia,sïjrekajueÍug yd foam, ydks isÿ lsÍug tkakd jQ wjia:dfõ § yer wka wjia:djkays fkdfõ' hqo;;a;ajhl§ i;=re l|jqf¾ wfhl=j ;u ióm ñ;=frl=" wdrlaIlfhl= fyda Ndrlrefjl= f,i m;alr .kakd isÿ lr .ekSug fm<fUkqfha ishÈú ydks lr .ekSuls' flfkl= uqia,sï fkdjkakkajióm ñ;=rka f,i fkd.kakd f,i w,a,dya mjid ;sîfuka iEu j¾.fhau weiqrelu woyiafkdflf¾' by; wmf.a ú.%yfha Wmqgd olajd l=¾wdka jels fï ms<sn| ksjerÈ u. fmkaùï,ndfohs' ukaoh;a bia,dóh fldaKfhka weiqre lsÍu j¾. y;rlg fnod fjka fldg oelaúhyel'


1' wdpdr iïmkak weiqr ûqodrd;a& } fuh fmdÿfõ hy f,iska uDÿ f,iska iduldój i;Hjd§jyeisÍu fõ' ^kì uqyïuoa ;=udKka mejiQy' —uejqï ish,a, w,a,dyaf.a mjq,hs' w,a,dyaf.a .e;a;kaw;=ßka w,a,dyag b;d m%shukdm wh jkafka tu mjq,gûejqï j,g& m%fhdackj;a whqßkayeisfrkakkah'˜ ûQ,dY%h ( Iqwnq,a Budka&

2' iudkd;aul weiqr ûqjdid;a& } fuh ñ;=relñka yd wka whg m%fhdackhla jk whqßka yeisÍuiy we;eï wjia:djkays uqo,auh Wmldr lsÍuo fõ' ^kì uqyïuoa ;=udKkaf.a wi,ajeishd jQfhahqfoõfjl=h' —ljfrl=f.a wi,ajeishd ;u ysxid wmrdOj,ska wdrlaIdj fkd,nkafkao Tyq i;HúYajdislfhl= fkdfõ'˜ hehs uqyïuoa ;=udKka w,a,dya u; Èjqrd mjid we;'& ûQ,dY%h ( iySyq,anqydß&

3' jHdmdßl weiqr ûqwdu,d;a& } fuh .kqfokq yd jHdmdr jeks uqo,auh jev lghq;= j, fh§ufõ' uqyïuoa ;=udKka uqia,sï fkdjk ls;=kq" hqfoõ yd mdrïmßl oyï weoyQ msßi iu. úúOwdldrfha uq,Huh iïnkaO;djka mj;ajdf.k isá njg úúO ft;sydisl idlaIs bÈßm;a l< yel'fuh ikd: lrk jeo.;a idlaIsh jkafka uqyïuoa ;=udKka urKhg m;ajk úg t;=udf.af,dayuh hqo wdrlaIl we÷u ;u mjqf,a idudðlhskaf.a wdydr wjYH;djka i|yd hqfoõcd;slfhl=f.a j.lSfï wemhg ;nd Kh uqo,la ,nd ;sîuhs' ûq,dY%h ( iySya w,a nqydß&

4' iaùlrKSh weiqr ûqjd,d;a& } uqia,sïjrekag úreoaOlï lrk msßi iu. fyda ;ukaf.a uq¿ixialD;shu fjkia jk yd ydkshla jk m%udKhg weiqrelï ;eîu'

by;ska 3(28 jelsfhka weiqrelï ;ykï fldg we;af;a y;r jk m%fNaohg wh;a msßiiu.h' ta i|yd jQ ksjerÈ ú.%yh my;ska we;s w,a l=¾wdka jelsfhka ;jÿrg;a meyeÈ,s fõ' fuumsßi iu. lghq;= lsÍfï § ;u Ôú;h yd foam, wdrlaId lr .ekSu msKsi wdrlaIl Wmdhlayeáhg i;Hh i`.jd lghq;= lsÍug bia,duh wkque;sh ,nd § we;' 3(28 jelsh hgf;a Tn úiskabíkq liS¾ úoaj;df.ka Wmqgd oelajQ ú.%yfhka i|yka jkafka o fuu msßi iïnkaOj weiqrelïmj;ajd .;hq;= wdldrhhs'

—ieneúkau w,a,dya kqU,dj j<lajkqfhau oyu fya;=fjka kqU,d yd igka l<jqka iu. o kqU,djkqU,df.a ksfjia j,ska m,jd yeßhjqka iu. o kqU,dj m,jd yeÍug Wmldr l<jqka iu. oñ;=oï mEuhs' ljqreka Tjqka iu. ñ;=oï mdkafka o Tjqkauh wmrdO l<jqka jkafka˜' ^w,a l=¾wdka60(9&

fï ms<sn| ;j;a §¾> ú.%yhka we;;a by; w,a l=¾wdka jels yd ú.%yhka m%udKj;a fõhehs is;kafkuq'

^6& fpdaokdj (

w,a nqydß jd¾:d fldg ;sfnkjd' wnQ o¾od fufia m%ldY l< nj" — wms iuyr ñksiqka ^tkïuqia,sï fkdjk ñksiqka& bÈßmsg§ Tjqka iu. iskyd jkafkuq' tfy;a wmf.a yoj;a TjqkgúreoaOj ffjrfhka msÍ mj;S' tfiau w,a nqydß jd¾:d fldg ;sfnkjd' w,a yika fufia m%ldYl< nj" u,jqkaf.ka ke.sgqjk Èkh jk ;=re glshd ^bia,dufha jdish i|yd wkHd.ñl iudchgtfrysj fndrej iy uq,dj& j,x.= jkafkah'˜

ú.%yh ( fuu m%ldYfhys ksjerÈ mßj¾;kh flfrys wjOdkh fhduq lruq'

wnQ o¾od m%ldY fldg we;' —wms we;eï ñksiqka bÈßmsg§ iskyd jkafkuq' kuq;a wmf.a yoj;afldamfhka mj;S'˜

by; Tn ,smsfhys úlD;s fldg i|yka lr we;s fpdaokdj yd ksjerÈ mßj¾;kh w;rwjOdkh fhduq l< úg fuh lshjk ´kEu wfhl=g tys ks¾joH;dj myiqfjka jegfykq we;'kuq;a Tjqka úiska bÈßm;a fldg we;s B<`. fldgi bia,dï úfrdaë fjí wvúhlska wyq,d .;afohla fyhska tys uQ,dY%h i|yka fkdfldg Tjqka fkdu. heùulg ,la ù we;eZhs okajkakgleue;af;uq'


f,dfõ fkdfhl=;a mqoa.,hska úiska fkdfhl=;a wkaoñka fkdfhla jd¾;djka úúO.%ka:hkays m, ùu idudkH úIhls' kuq;a bia,dufha ´kEu úIhla th mejiQ mqoa.,hdf.a mgka.%ka:hlg f.dKqjk f;la i;Hjka;hska yryd fkdì¢ meñKs jd¾;dfõ i;HNdjh ;=< tuúIfha i;Hh Ndjh ie,ls,a,g .kq ,efí' tfia wjOdkh fhduq l< l,ays fuu jd¾;dfõ tjeksi;Hjka;hska yryd fkdì¢ meñKs jd¾;djla fkdjk nj bia,duh ms<sn| oekque;s ish,a,kaokakd nj wm jgyd .; hq;=j we;' tfyhska fuu jd¾;dj Tyqf.a m%ldYhla hkak ksis lsisÿidlaIshla fkdue;' tfyhska bia,dóh IÍwdjg wkqj fuu jd¾;dj u.ska l%shdjg kexùug lsisÿidlaIshla fkdue;s nj fydÈka njyd .; hq;= hehs wfmalaId lrkafkuq' flfia kuq;a fuu y§ihl%shdjg kexjqjo tu úIh wod< jkafka by; i|yka l< whqßka wmrdê;fhl=f.a jHikhg ,lajQ úg Tyqf.ka ;u foam, yd wd;au wdrlaIdj i|yd jk nj mdGl Tng jegfykq we;'

^7& fpdaokdj ( —bia,duh lsisfia;au iduqysl iyÔjkh wjOdrKh lrk wd.ula fkdfõ'˜

—bia,duh jQ l,S wkHd.ï lsisfia;au fkdbjik wkHd.ñlhska iy wkHd.ï ish,a, úkdY lsÍui|yd l%shd;aul jk ïf,aÉP kHdh O¾uhla ñi wd.ï w;r iduqysl;ajhg iy iyÔjkhgf.!rj lrkakd jQ wd.ula fkdfõ' tfiau th wkHd.ñl iudchka ;=< mj;sk mß;Hd.YS,S;ajh"iduqysl;ajh iy iyÔjkh hk ixl,am ;u m%idrKh i|yd muKla l| mKqjka fia w;sYhlmá f,iska Ndú; lrkakd jQ wd.uls'˜

—furg wd.ñl yd jd¾.sl iduqysl;ajh jkiñka uqia,sïjreka úiska f.khkakd jQ wudkqIsl ydïf,aÉP m%;sm;a;sh jk w,a l=¾wdkfha iyÔjkh ms<sn|j yd wfkl=;a wd.ï w.h lrk fukamjid ;sfnkafka fldfya o@˜

ú.%yh ( my; w,a l=¾wdka jelsys yd uqyïuoa ;=udKkaf.a m%ldYkhkays mßj¾;khka ydft;sydisl isÿùï lshjd Tng i;Hh wjfndaO lr.ekSug yelsjkq we;eZhs úYajdi lrkafkuq'

bia,dufha úreoaO u;hg .re lsÍu ms<sn| b.ekaùï

bia,duh ;=<ska úreoaO u;hg yd wka oyug .relrñka wjfndaOfhka lghq;= l< hq;= hehsÈß .kajk nj bia,duh ms<sn| wjfndaOhla we;af;l=g ukdj fmfkk lreKls'

—^bia,dï& oyfuys n, lsÍula ke;'˜ ^w,a l=¾wdka 2(256&

fï wkqj neÆ l, oyï flfrys ish¨ wdldrfha n,mEï lsÍï ;ykï lrñka my< lrk,o w,a l=¾wdka jelshg mgyeKs whqßka l%shd lsÍug lsisÿ bia,dñlfhl=g whs;shla fyda n,hlafkdue;' tfukau hful= f,!lsl wdYdjka mokï lr .ksñka ndysrfhka bia,duh je<| .;a; obia,duh úYajdi mokï jQ oyula yd Ôjk rgdjla jk fyhska Tyqf.a bia,duh ms<s.kq ,enQjlafkdjk njo wm ;rfha jgyd .; hq;a;ls'

tmuKla fkdj" wd.ñl nyq;ajh f,dal h:d¾:hla nj bia,dóh b.ekaùï ms<s.kshs'fuu.ska ñksidf.a Ñka;k ksoyi iy;sl fldg we;'

—;jo ^kìjrh"& kqU mjijq' —i;Hh kqU,df.a mrudêm;sf.kah' tneúka ljfrl= wNsu; lf<aoTyq úYajdi lr;ajdæ ;jo ljfrl= wNsu; lf<ao Tyq m%;slafIam lr;ajdæ˜ ^w,a l=¾wdka 18(29&

—^kìjrh"& m%{dfjka hq;=j o hym;a Wmfoi u.ska o kqUf.a mrudêm;sf.a ud¾.h fj; ^ckhskaj&werhqï lrjq'˜ ^w,a l=¾wdka 16(125&

—tneúka ^kìjrh"& kqU Wmfoia fojq' ieneúkau kqU yqfola Wmfoia fokafkl= muKh' ^22& Tjqkaflfrys kqU n, lrkafkl= fkdfõ'˜ ^w,a l=¾wdka 88(21-22&

—^foaj mKsúvh kqU,dg& oekaùu ñi riQ,ajrhd flfrys ^fjk;a j.lSula& fkdùh' ;jo w,a,dyakqU,d fy<s lrk oE o kqU,d i`.jk oE o okafkah' ^w,a l=¾wdka 5(99&

—w,a,dya yer Tjqka wheÈk whg ^fyda oEg& kqU,d neK fkdjÈjq'˜ ^w,a l=¾wdka 6(108&

fuu b.ekaùï wjOdkhg fhduq lsÍfuka bia,dóh Ißwdj ;=<ska ñksidg hyu.fmkajkakla nj meyeÈ<sj jegfykq we;'


tfukau kS;sh yd hqla;sh ì| ouñka l%shd lsÍug lsisÿ bia,dñlfhl=g wkque;sh fkdue;'mqoa., ffjrh yd fl%daOh mokï lr .ksñka wka wh ms<sn|j whqla;s iy.;j l%shd lsÍug obia,dñlfhl=g wkque;sh fkdue;'

—úYajdi l<jqks" w,a,dya fjkqfjka ^Tyqf.a ksfhda.hka ms<sme§ug& iaÓr jQjka f,i yd hqla;shi|yd idlaIslrejka f,i jjq' ;jo ieneúkau ^m%;slafIAms;& msßilf.a fl%daOh kqU,d hqla;sh bgqfkdlsÍu flfrys kqU,dj fmd,Uúh fkdhq;=h' îEu wjia:djlu& kqU,d hqla;sh bgq lrjq' thìh Nla;shg b;d iómh' ;jo w,a,dyag ìh Nla;su;a jjq' ieneúkau kqU,d lrk oE ms<sn|jw,a,dya wNs{dkjka;h'˜ ^w,a l=¾wdka 5(8&

by;ska i|yka lreKq fl;rï ksrjoH o hkak Tng bÈß ú.%yhka wkqj ;j ÿrg;a ikd:fõ' hehs úYajdi lrkafkuq'

bia,dóh oDIaÀfldaKh ;=< cd;s" l=, fjkialï ke;

—ckhsks" tlu wd;auhlska^wdoïf.ka& kqU,dj ujd thska tys l,;%hdîyldßh jk yõjd& o ujdtu fofokd ;=<ska fndfyda mqreIhska yd ia;%Ska ûjd& jHdma; l< kqU,df.a mrudêm;sg kqU,d ìhNla;su;a jjq' ;jo ljfrl=f.a kdufhka kqU,d tlsfkld ^Wreu jia;+ka& b,a,d isákqfha o tuw,a,dyag o Wm;ska jQ {d;s in|;dj2 ^ì£ hdu ms<sn|j& o kqU,d ìh Nla;su;a jjq' ieneúkauw,a,dya kqU,d flfrys i¾j ksÍlaIlh'˜ ^w,a l=¾wdka 4(1&

—ckhsks" ieneúkau wms kqU,dj msßñfhl= yd ia;s%hlf.ka uejqfjuq' ;jo kqU,d tlsfkld y÷kd.kq msKsi cd;Ska yd f.da;% njg m;a lf<uq' ieneúkau w,a,dya wìhi kqU,df.ka b;d fYa%IaGhdkqU,df.ka b;d ìh Nla;slhdh'˜ ^w,a l=¾wdka 49(13&

bia,duh ;=<ska wfkld iu. hqla;s.relj hy whqßka yeisfrk f,i úOdkh lsÍu

—úYajdi l<jqks" kqU,d w,a,dy ag ìh Nla;su;a jjq' ;jo kqU,d ^hqla;s.rel& RcQ jpk mjijq'˜^w,a l=¾wdka 33(70&

—úYajdi l<jqks" kqU,d w,a,dyag ìh Nla;su;a jjq' kqU,d i;Hjd§ka iu. jjq'˜ ^w,a l=¾wdka9(119&

—úYajdi l<jqks" kqU,d hqla;sh bgq lrkakka jjq' kqU,dg tfrys jqj o ke;fyd;a foudmshkag yd{d;Skag tfrys jqj o î;Hh ks¾foaYhka i|yd& w,a,dya fjkqfjka idlaIs orkakka jjq'Tyq^ú;a;slre& Okjf;l= jqj o È<sf|l= jqj o ^Tyqg tfrysj i;H idlaIs mejiSfuka fkdje<fljq'ukaoh;a& w,a,dya Tjqka fofokdg ^/ljrKh ,nd §ug& iqÿiq jkafkah'3 kqU,d whqla;s iy.;ùug ufkda bÉPdj wkq.ukh fkdlrjq' ^Tn idlaIs §fï § idlaIsh& fjkia lf<a kï fydaî;Hh ia:dms; lsÍug& msgqmdkafka kï túg ^w,a,dya kqU,dg o~qjï lrkq we;' ukaoh;a& w,a,dyakqU,d lrk oE ms<sn|j wNs{dkjka; jkafkah'˜ ^w,a l=¾wdka 4(135&

—foudmshka iu. hym;a whqßka lghq;= lrjq' ;jo {d;Ska iu. o wkd:hska iu. o È<s|ka iu. o{d;S wi,ajeishd iu. o ióm wi,ajeishd iu. o wi,ska isák ñ;=rd iu. o4 u.shd iu. okqU,df.a ol=K; i;= lr .;a ^jy,a& wh iu. o ^hym;a whqßka lghq;= lrjq&' ieneúkau w,a,dyaWvÕ=lñka yd mqyqudkfhka isákakkaj m%sh fkdlrkafkah'˜ ^w,a l=¾wdka 4(36&

2& idudkHfhka flfkla ;j;a flfkl=f.ka ;ukaf.a Wreuh b,a,k úg —w,a,dya fjkqfjka udf.a Wreuh ugfojq'˜ hehs mjihs' fuu jelsh u.ska i|yka lrkqfha o tjka jQ b,a,Suls' tfukau Wreuh ,nd fok flkdo ud fuuWreuh Wreulaldr mqoa.,hdg ,nd Èh hq;= hehs wÈgka lr .; hq;=h' fuu Wmfoi iEu wdldrhlu j.lSï i|ydmjikq ,enqj o fuu wdh;fhys úfYaIfhka Wm;ska jQ {d;s in|;dj i|yd mjikq ,en we;' ukaoh;a Tjqka b;djeo.;a jQ msßils' ;jo ñka miqj i|yka ù we;s jelshkays Tjqkaf.a Wreuhka iïnkaOj meyeÈ,s lr we;'

3& fuys woyia jkafka flfkl=f.a ÿ.S nj fyda Okh fya;=fjka Tyqg msysg m;d kqU Tyqg idOlj fndre idlaISfkdlshk f,ih' ukaoh;a w,a,dya Tyq flfrys hqla;sfhka msysg ùug m%udKj;a jkafkah'

4& zwi,ska isák ñ;=rdZ hkqfjka woyia lrkafka iyldr u.shd" iNdjl Tyq iómfhka isák ;eke;a;d fyda tlafma<shl Tyq wi,ska isg.kakd ;eke;a;d jeks whjhs' fuu jelsfhys b.ekaùu jkqfha flfkla ;djld,sl ñ;=frl=fyda wi,ajeisfhl= iu. jqjo hym;a wpdrYS,S .=Kdx.hkaf.ka yeisßh hq;=h hkakhs'


kuq;a fujka f,i fpdaokd k.kakkaf.a fpdaokdjkag fya;=j ù we;af;a ;ukaf.aufkdoekqj;alu yer w,a l=¾wdkfha fodaIhla fkdjkq we; hehs wms úYajdi lrkafkuq'

uqyïuoa ;=udKka fuf,djg meñKs wruqK

—;jo ^kìjrh"& iuia; úYajhkag ohd¨jla jYfhka ñi wms kqUj ^kìjrfhl= jYfhka&fkdtõfjuq'˜ ^21(107&

bia,dóh b.ekaùï wkqj widOdrKhg ,la jQ mqoa.,hd

—whqla;shg ,la jQjkaf.a m%d¾:kdjg ìhjkak' Tyq foaj m%;slafIam lrkafkl= jqj o lï ke;'thg;a w,a,dyag;a w;r lsisÿ ;srhla fkdue;af;ah'˜ ûQ,dY%h( uqiakoa wyuoa& hk kì jokifydaor uqia,sï fkdjk m%cdj iu. uqia,sïjreka kS;s.relj yeisßh hq;=h hkakg rel=,afokakls'

by; kì jofkys whs;sjdislï W,a,x>kh lsÍfï ;yku ms<sn|j oekaùu oeäwjjdod;aul rgdjlska ieliS we;' wkH wd.ñlfhl=g whqla;s iy.; ùu fyda Tyqf.a yelshdjwNsnjd .sh hula Tyqg mejÍu fyda Tyqf.a idOdrK ysñlï Wÿrd .ekSu jeks kS;sh blaujd hEul§ fuu kì;=udf.a m%ldYh fld;rï oeä f,i wjjdo lrkafka o hkak jgyd .; yel' ;j;akìjoka fm<l" ljfrl= .súiqula we;slr .;a uqia,sï fkdjk flfkl= urd oukafka o Tyqgiaj¾.fha iqjo wd>%dKh lsÍug mjd fkd,efí' ksh; jYfhkau iaj¾.fha iqjo jir 40 l^ld,hla flfkla weúo hk& ÿrla olajd mj;S' ûQ,dY%h( iySyq,a nqydß&

—uqia,sï fkdjkafkl= iu. .súiqula we;s lr.;a flfkl= Tyqg whqla;shla lrhs o"ke;skï Tyqf.a whs;sjdislï ySk lrhs o" ke;skï Tyqf.a Yla;shg ndysrj Tyqg j.lSï Ndr lrhso" ke;skï Tyqf.a wlue;af;ka Tyqf.ka hula ,nd .kS o" ^tlS mqoa.,hd úIfhys& Tyqg úreoaOjmrf,dj uu ;¾l lrkafkl= jkafkñ˜ hkqfjka kì i,a,,a,dyq wf,hsys ji,a,ï ;=udfKdamejiQy' ^.%ka:h ( wnQ odjQoa&

tfukau uqyïuoa ;=udKka yd Tyqf.a i`.hska uqia,sï fkdjkakka iu. iyÔjkfhkaweiqre l< wkaou wdo¾Yhla lr .ksñka Ôj;a ùu ;=<ska iduldó mßirhla Wodjkq we;eZhsúYajdi lrkafkuq'

bia,dóh rdcHhl uqia,sï fkdjkakkaf.a whs;sjdislï" foajia:dk yd wd.ñl iyixialD;sl lghq;= wdrlaId lsÍug m%uqL;ajh §u'1' kì uqyïuoa ;=udKka fj; kÊrdka foaYfha isg meñKs ls;=kq mQclhska iu. t;=udKka.súi .;a .súiqfuys fufia i|yka ù we;' —kÊrdka jeishka yd mQclhska iu. isákakkauqia,sïjrekaf.a j.lSfuys isá;s' Tjqkaf.a Ôú;" oyu" bvlvï we;=¿ ish¨ foam," fuysisákakka yd fkdisákakka" wd.ñl keuÿï ia:dk hkd§ka" ;jo Tjqkaf.a mjqf,a Woúh ydTjqkaj ms<smÈkakka hk ish,a,ka flfrysu fuys wdrlaIdj yd j.lSu ysñ fõ' Tjqkaf.awhs;sjdislñka fyda Tjqkaf.a oyñka fyda lsisjla fjkia lrkq fkd,efí' ;jo lsisÿmQcljrfhl= fyda meúoafol= ;ukaf.a moúfhka bj;a fkdflf¾' ks;Hdkql+,j Tjqka i;=jwe;s iEu fohlau Tjqka i;= oEh'Z hkqfjka i|yka ù ;sìK' ^Wmqgd .ekSu ( o,db¨kakqnqõjd&

2' uqyïuoa ;=udKka úiska kÊrdka m%foaYfhka meñKs ls;=kq ksfhdað;hska iu. Tjqkaf.aish¨ whs;sjdislï ,ndfok njg .súiqï l<dla fuka bia,dóh fojk md,lhd jk Wu¾bíka w,a l;a;dí ;=ud úiska b,shd ^fcrei,u& m%foaYjdiSka iu. t<eô .súiqfï o lghq;=fldg we;' ^Wmqgd .ekSu ( w;a ;dÍl=;a ;nÍ&

uqia,sï fkdjk ckhdg iudkd;au;dj" hqla;sh yd idOdrKh N=la;s ú£ug ksoyi ,nd §u'1' zbia,dóh IÍwdj uqia,sï fkdjk ckhdg jD;a;Skays kshe<Sfï wjia:djka jid oeuqfõke;' Tjqka b;d M,odhS Wiia jD;a;Skays kshe<S isáhy' Tjqka bia,dóh rdcHhkays uqo,ayqjudre lrkakka" jHdmdßlhska" rka wdNrK fj<÷ka" ffjoHjreka yd bvï ysñhka f,i


lghq;= l<y' b;du;a M,odhS whqßka Tjqka ixúOdkh ù isáhy' tl, isßhdfjys fndfydauqo,a yqjudre lrkakka yd rka wdNrK fj<÷ka f,i lghq;= lf<a hqfoõjka jQ w;rfndfyda ffjoHjreka" ,smslrejka yd f,aLlhska f,i lghq;= lf<a ls;=kqjkah' ne.avEâysmd,lhdf.a ffjoHjrhd f,i lghq;= lf<a ls;=kqjkaf.a kdhlhd jQ w;r hqfoõjkaf.akdhlhska yd hqfoõ jHdmdßlhska md,lhdf.a fiajlhska f,i isáhy'Z ^Mitz Adam - zTheIslamic Civilization in the Fourth Century A.H.-Ref Section - zJews & Cristians' Volume 1Page 86&2' Èïñjrekaj^tkï bia,dóh rdcHl Ôj;a jk uqia,sï fkdjk ckhdj& YdÍßl ydksfhkawdrlaId lsÍu muKla fkdj Tjqkaj ishü wdldrfha jdÑl wmydid;aul l%shdjkaf.ka owdrlaId lsÍu bia,dóh rdcHhl j.lSu fõ' uqia,sïjrekag iudk whqßka ÈïñjrekaiïnkaOfhka o idOdrK fya;=jlska f;drj wmydid;aul lsisjla Tjqkg mejiSuiyuq,skau ;ykïh' ^Wmqgd .ekSu ( Al Furooq – Volume 3 – Page 14&

kì uqyïuoa ;=udKka yd uqia,sïjreka ;u wkHd.ñl wi,ajeishka iu. hy whqßkayeisÍu yd Tjqkaf.a ;Hd. ms<s.ekSu'1' kì uqyïuoa ;=udKkaf.a wi,ajeishd jQfha hqfoõfjl=h' —ljfrl=f.a wi,ajeishd ;uysxid wmrdOj,ska wdrlaIdj fkd,nkafkao Tyq i;H úYajdislfhl= fkdfõ'˜ hehs uqyïuoa;=udKka w,a,dya u; Èjqrd mjid we;' ûQ,dY%h ( iySyq,a nqydß&2' uqlõlia yd lsiard keue;s ls;=kq rcjreka fj;ska meñKs ;Hd.hka uqyïuoa ;=udKkai;=áka ms<sf.k we;' rcjreka muKla fkdj uqia,sï fkdjk idudkHh ckhd fj;skameñKs ;Hd.hka o i;=áka ms<sf.k we;'

wkHd.ñlhska wikSm ù isák úg Tjqkaj iqjÿla úuiSug hEu yd urKhg m;a jQ whf.afoayhg f.!rj lsÍu'1' kì uqyïuoa ;=udKka yg fiajh lrñka isá hqfoõ <ufhl= wikSm ;;a;ajhlg m;a jQwjia:djl t;=udKka Tyqf.a iqj ÿla úuiSu i|yd f.dia we;' ûQ,dY%h ( iySyq,a nqydß&2' úfgl wfhl=f.a foayhla f.k hkq ÿgq kì uqyïuoa ;=udKka ke.sg Bg wdpdr l<y' —th hqfoõ cd;slhl=f.a foayhlaa hehs ñksiqka mejiQ l," t;=udKka —th ukqIH wd;auhlafkdfõ oe˜hs úuiQy' ûQ,dY%h( iySyq,a nqydß&

wkHd.ñlhska iu. uqia,sïjreka .kqfokqj, fh§u yd Tjqkaf.a yelshdjka ;=<skam%fhdack .ekSu'1' kì uqyïuoa ;=udKka hqfoõ cd;slfhl=f.ka wdydr j¾.hla Khg f.k ta fjkqjg ;uhqo ljiu Tyq wìhi Wlig ;nd we;' ûQ,dY%h ( iySyq,a nqydß& fuh muKla fkdj ;j;aúfgl kì uqyïuoa ;=udKka ;j;a hqfoõfjl=f.ka Khla f.k isá wjia:djl Kh yrjd§fï Èkhg fmru tu hqfoõjd meñK whq;= wdldrhlska ;u Kh b,a,d isáh o t;=udKkahy whqßka yeisÍ Tyqf.a Kh yrjd ÿkafkah'2' wíÿ,a,dya ìka Wfrhsls;a keue;a;d wkH wd.ñlfhl=j isáho uqyïuoa ;=udKka u§kdjlrd foaYdka;rKh l< wjia:dfõ§ Tyqj ;u ud¾f.damfoaYlfhl= f,i l=,shg .;ay' Tyq.uka ud¾. ms<sn|j fyd| oekque;af;l=j isáfhah' ûQ,dY%h ( iySyq,a nqydß&

wd.ñl yd jd¾.sl iyÔjkh i|yd Y%s ,dxflah uqia,sï ckhdf.a odhl;ajh

fuf,i bia,dóh uQ,dY%hka w;=ßka bia,dóh iduhsl iyÔjkfha w,xldr b.ekaùïrdYshla Wmqgd oelaúh yel' wd.ñl yd jd¾.sl iyÔjkh i|yd Y%s ,dxflah uqia,sï ckhdf.aodhl;ajh flfrys o wjOdkh fhduq lruq'

rcjrekag uqia,sïjreka iyh oelajQ whqre

mD;=.Sis ,kafoais yd bx.%Sis wdl%uKhkag wm wjidk jYfhka uqyqK ÿkafkuq' 1796 §bx.%Sis wdl%uKh iu. ,kafoais md,kh wjika ù 1815 ud¾;= 2 jeks Èk lkao Wvrg u`.=,A uvqjg/ia jQ ro<jre yd m%N+jre bx.%SiSka iu. .súiqula w;aika lrñka ud;DN+ñfha ksoyi yd whs;sh


bx.%Siskag mdjd fok ,§' 1505 isg j¾I 443 l úfoaY wdl%uK yd 1815 isg j¾I 133 l úfoaYwdêm;Hh wjika lrñka 1948 fmnrjdß ui 4 jeks Èk kej; jdrhla ,la ud;dj tlu Ochlahgf;a talSh rgla f,i ksoyfia iqjh N=la;s ú£fï whs;sh Wreu lr .;a;dh'

úfoaY wdl%uK ms<sn| fufia igyka ;nk fuu fudfydf;a úfoaYfhka meñKs ;j;a ckfldÜGdYhla ms<sn| i|ykla lsÍug wms ne£ isákafkuq' Y%S ,dxflah uqia,Sï m%cdjf.a uq,drïNhgfya;= jQ wrdìjrekaf.a Y%S ,xld.ukh ms<sn| b;sydih ms<s.;a uq,dY% igyka fj; Tn wjOdkhfhduq lrk f,i b,a,d isákafkuq'

—uqia,sïjre furgg wdl%uKsl wfmalaIdfjka fkdmeñKsfhdah˜

—mKavqldNh rc ^l%s' mQ' 377 - 307& ;u w.kqjr jQ wkqrdOmqrfhys hï hï bvï w.kqjrg meñKs

mQ¾j bia,dóh wrdì fjf<ka|ka jQ fhdaklhka i|yd fjka lf<ah˜' ûydjxYh X - 90 jeks msgqj&ûydpd¾h f,dakd foajrdc - Y%S ,xldfõ uqia,sïjre - iyY%hl ckjd¾.sl iyÔjkh - msgq wxl 72&

fuu ft;sydisl f;dr;=re u.ska meyeÈ,sj fmkShkafka wrdì cd;slhska wdl%uKslwfmalaIdjka we;sj furgg fkdmeñKs w;r Tjqkaf.ka furg md,lhskag yd ckhdg úfoaYfj<|dï lghq;= yd úfoaY in|;d lghq;= id¾:l whqßka isÿ lrñka buy;a fiajdjla ,nd § we;snjh' tfia fkdjqjdkï md,lhska fuf,i Tjqkaj furg r|jd .ekSfï wruqKska bvï ydwfkl=;a myiqlï ,nd § lghq;= lrkafkaoeZhs lreKdlr fudfyd;lg is;d n,kak'

—uqia,sïjre rcqkag Wmfoia foñka˜

—Y%S ,xldfõ n,fldgqjla bÈ lrk f,ig mD;=.d, rcq ÿka wd{djla w;e;sj 1518 § f,dafmdafidaria o we,anf.aßhd ,xldjg meñKsfhah' isxy, iudcfha ish¨ ;rd;srïj, ckhdg lreKqmyod foñka n,mEï we;s lrñka n,fldgqjla bÈ lsÍu je<elaùug uqia,sïjre Tjqkag yels yeufohlau l<y' mD;=.SiSkaf.a tlu wNsm%dh rg w,a,d .ekSu neúka fkdfnda l,lskau rcqf.aiaffjÍ wdêm;Hh Èh ù hkq we;s njg Tjqyq fldaÜfÜ rcqg wk;=re we`.jQy'˜ ûydpd¾h f,dakdfoajrdc - Y%S ,xldfõ uqia,sïjre - iyY%hl ckjd¾.sl iyÔjkh - msgq wxl 89 - 90&

by; i|yka whqßka Wmfoia §ï j,g muKla iSud fkdù mD;=.Sis n,h furg ;=< ia:dms;ù wksis úmdl u;= jkakg jQ úg isxy, yuqodj iu. Wfrkqr .eà mD;=.SiSkag tfrysj úúO yuqodfufyhqï je,g o uqia,sïjreka iyNd.S ù we;s nj b;sydih wmg idlaIs orhs'

—fhdakl Tgq n,ldh˜

—rK Y+rhka jQ ,xld fhdakljre isxy, hqoaO yuqodfõ fldgila jQy' Tjqkaf.a Tgq n,ldh ^Tgqmekaksh& 17 jk Y; j¾Ifha§ je,a,jdh igfka§ m%uqL ia:dkhla .;af;ah' je,a,jdfha § ,enQúYsIag ch.%yKh isys lsÍula jYfhka fï Tgq n,ldhg f.!rj lrñka fojk rdcisxy rcq ^l%s'j¾I 1634 - 1684& úiska y`.=rkafl; uyd foajd,hg mQcd lrk ,o rdclSh m%;s{d; foaj wx.ïfroafoys fï n,ldh is;=jï lrk ,§'˜

—,kafoais woañrd,a fcdaßia jEka iams,an¾cka uvl,mqjg f.dvnei nj ie, jQ úg fojkúu,O¾uiqßh rcq uy;a fia i;=gg m;aj fï úfYaI wuq;a;ka ms<s.ekSu i|yd ;=¾ls" fhdakl ydisxy, jeks kdkd cd;Skaf.ka iukaÑ; n,weKs wglska iukaú; jQ oyila muK hqoaO fiakdjlauvl,mqjg hejQ nj jqg¾ iafldagka úiska ,shd ;sfí'˜ ^fykaß fldrhd' —o ikafâ Tíi¾j¾˜breÈk ix.%yh - 1965 wf.daia;= 8&

fuf,i Y%S ,dxflah uqia,sï ckhd ;u ud;DN+ñh fjkqfjka úúO mß;Hd.hka lrñkafurfÜ wdrlaIdj yd wNsudkh iqrlaIs; lsÍug lghq;= fldg we;' fudjqkaf.a fuu hy yeisÍugfya;= jQfha w,a l=¾wdkh yd y§ia kï kìjoka mokï lr.;a ksid ñi fjk;a l=ulao@ wm Tnieuf.ka wikakg leue;s jkafka Tjqka fuu rgoeh fjkqfjka fjfyi uykais ù odhl;ajhoelajQfha —fndrej yd uq,dj˜ mokï lr .;a ksido@ ke;skï w,a l=¾wdkh yd y§ih mokïlr.;a ksidoe@hs wikakg leue;af;uq'

tfukau furg fhdakl iudcfha isá ia;%Ska ms<sn|j we;eï ixfoaY ldjHhka l< lùkaf.aj¾Kkdjg mjd md;% úh' myf<dia jk Y; j¾Ifha idys;H lD;s jq ixfoaY ldjH j, ^fldals,


ixfoaY j¾Kkdj" ví't*a' .=Kj¾Ok" 74 jk lúh iy .srd ixfoaY újrKh" uqKsodi l=udr;=x."104 jk lúh& fhdka ,shka fyj;a fuu wrdì ñY% fhdakl ldka;djka .ek i|yka fõ' fï ksidwrdìjreka furg iu. .kq fokq lf<a uE;l isg fkdjk nj iy Tjqka úiska furg ckdjdilr .;af;ao wo Bfhl fkdjk nj o meyeÈ,sh'

ksoyi ,nd .ekSu msKsi uqia,sïjrekaf.a odhl;ajh

bx.S%is wdKavq ld,fha uq,skau jHjia:dodhl uka;%K iNdfõ§ o fojkqj rdcH uka;%KiNdfõ§ o ksoyi ,enqKq miq ksfhdað; uka;%S uKav,fha uka;%Sjrhl= f,i lghq;= l< wdpd¾h;=jdka nq¾ydkq§ka ^à' î'& cdhd uy;d furg ksoyia igkg Wr ÿka ienE foaYfma%ñfhls' iuia;cd;sfha yd foaYfha hym; flfrys tod cdhd uy;d jeä wjOdkhla fhduq l< w;r ;u ud;DN+ñh by<ska ;nd ie,lSu ms<sn| W;=ï wdo¾Yh m%o¾Ykh l< wjia:djla úh'

fida,anß fhdackd rdcH uka;%K iNdj bÈßfha újdo jQ wjia:dfõ§;a rdcH uka;%K iNdjgY%S ,xld iajdêk;d mk; tia' ví,sõ' wd¾' ã' nKavdrkdhl uy;d bÈßm;a l< wjia:dfõ§;afurg uqia,sï ck;djf.a ia:djrh meyeÈ,s lrñka Tyq l< ;SrKd;aul jQ;a ft;sydisl jq;a l;djY%S ,xldfõ uqia,sï ck;djg wkd.;fha§;a ;uka .uka l< hq;= u. ms<sn| u. fmkajk m%ldYhlaf,i ie,lSu jà'

fujka ñksi;a lï w.h lrñka tajd wdo¾Yhg .ksñka Ôj;a ùug mqreÿ fjuq' wi,ajeishd;u wd.ñlfhlao@ keoao@ hkak ms<sn| ;elSulska f;drj ukqIH;ajfha ifydaor msßila f,ii,ld Tjqkaf.a m%Yak yd wjYH;djka ;ukaf.a o j.lSula f,i i,ld lghq;= lrk f,i fYa%IaGkì joka wmg W.kajhs' ñksidg we;s tlu cd;sh ukqIH cd;sh nj;a wfkl=;a jd¾.sl;ajhkatlsfkld y÷kd .ekSfï idOlhka muKla nj;a bia,duh W.kajhs' ^w,a l=¾wdka 49(13&ukqIH;ajfha fYa%IaG;ajh /flk mßÈ ish¨ ñksiqka iu. ifydaor ne£ulska hq;=j lghq;= lruq'

mYapd;a hqO iufha uqia,sïjrekaf.a odhl;ajh

;sia jirl l=ßre fnÿïjd§ fldá ;%ia;jdoh l%shd;aul jQ ld, jljdkqfõ W;=re ydkef.kysr m%foaYhkays Ôj;a jQ uqia,sïjrekag fnÿïjdofha fldgialrejka ùug úúO wdldrfhan,mEï t,a, úh' ;u ud;DN+ñfha talSh;ajhg .re lrñka lghq;= l< W;=re kef.kysr uqia,sïm%cdjg úúO wdldrfha ;dvk mSvk t,a, úh' W;=f¾ úiq uqia,sïjreka iefjdu b;du flá oekqï§ulska tu m%foaYfhka m,jdyßk ,§' tu ckhdf.ka fldgila wo;a wkd: l|jqrej, ;uWreuhka ,nd.; fkdyelsj ÿlaú¢ñka isá;s'

Y%S ,dxflah uqia,sï ckhd fnÿïjd§ ;%ia;jdoh l%shd;aul jQ ld,fha uqyqK ÿkakq w;sNhdkl w;aoelSï rdYsfhka lsysmhlg úuiqï yd úpdrYS,Sj wjOdkh fhduq lrk f,i b,a,disákafkuq'

—1990 cq,s ui 2 jeks Èk ( fldf<dU isg ;u .ï m%foaYh lrd .uka lrñka isá uqia,sïjreka 194fofkl=j l=relal,a uvï m%foaYfha§ jdykfhka niaijd fjä ;nd >d;kh lsÍu' fuu 194fokdf.ka 50 fofkl=u ulaldjg f.dia yÊ jkaokdj bgqfldg wdmiq meñfKñka isá msßils'

1990 wf.daia;= 3 jeks Èk ( ld;a;kal=äfha órd cqïud m,a,sfha yd yqfihskshd m,a,sfha keuÿfuysfh§ isá uqia,sïjreka 103 fofkl=j >d;kh lrk ,§'

1990 wf.daia;= 21 jeks Èk ( trdjq¾ ioaodï yqfihska .ïudkfha uqia,sïjreka 153 fofkl=j>d;kh lrk ,§'

by;ska Wmqgd olajk ,oafoa jd¾.sl fldgila f,i uqia,sïjrekag isÿjQ wmrdO ydwidOdrKlï j,ska ì|la muKs' lreKdlr ;u yDoidlaIshg tl`.j fujka wê mSvdldÍ ;;a;ajh;=<;a furg uqia,sï m%cdj l%shd lf<a —fndrej yd uq,dj˜ ksido@ ke;skï w,a l=¾wdkfha hym;ab.ekaùï mokï lr.ksñka rgg oehg wdorh l< ksido@ ;jo Tjqka l%shd lf<a rfÜ kS;shgwkql=,jo@ ke;skï wka;jd§ f,io@ lshd mjid isák f,i b,a,d isákafkuq'

hqoaOhl wjidkhla ÿgq iudchla tlS hqoaOh wjidkfha f.dv k.k iudch .ek nrm;<f,i l,amkd l< hq;=j we;' w;S;fha wm l< jerÈ ksjerÈ lr .kq jia th b;d w.kdwjia:djls' Ôú;h kej; w¨;ska ks¾udKh l< hq;= j we;' ffjrh fl%daOh bj; ,d ieug


i;=áka idufhka Ôj;a úh yels iudchla ia:dms; lrkakg jydu wjYH mshjr .kakg bÈßm;afjuq' úixjd§ fkdù ixjd§ iudchla ;=< ish¨ lreKq iduldój úi|d .ekSug wêIaGdkYS,Sjl%shd lrkakg ,la ujf.a ish¨ orejka tlg w;aje,a ne| .ksuq' fi!Nd.Hfhka imsß ixj¾ê; Y%S,xldjla f.dv k.kakg wmf.a mQ¾K odhl;ajh ,nd fouq'

wd.ï jYfhka o jd¾.slhska jYfhka o l=, jYfhka o fn§ lghq;= lsÍu neyer fldgiu.sj tlaj f.k.sh ksoyia igk wmg ch.; yels jQfha iu.sh ksidfjks' tfyhska wm ieuf.afoaYdNsudkS wruqK úh hq;af;a w¾: Y=kH jdofNao ;=rka fldg iu.s iïmkak ù Y%S ,dxlslhskaf,i talrdYS ù fi!Nd.Hu;a foaYhla f.dv ke.Suhs'

^8& fpdaokdj (

—oyia .Kkla jQ bia,dñl b.ekaùï wkHd.ñl iudchla ;=< n,.ekafjkafka b;d iQlaIuf,iska mshjßka mshjr jk w;r tu l%shdoduh bia,duh úiska ì,s .kakd wkHd.ñl iudch ;=<uqia,sïjrekaf.a m%idrKhg iu.dój n, .kajñka l%shd;aul fõ' wkHd.ñl iudchl n,hw;am;a lr .;a iekska tf;la i`.jd f.k isá ;u ïf,aÉP bia,dñl b.ekaùï ish,a,u n,.kajdIßhd kS;sho n,d;aul fldg wkHd.ñl iuQ, >d;kh werfò˜

ú.%yh ( ñksid w;r iodl,a mej;sh hq;= iyÔjkh Wfoid bia,duh fkdfhl==;a wkaoñkam%h;akh ord we;s njg b;sydih idlaIs ork nj b;sydih wOHhkh lrk lsisfjl=g;a m%;slafIaml< fkdyel' iyÔjkh Wfoid bia,duh fjr ord we;s wkaou my; ksoiqka weiqßka wjOdkhfhduq lrk f,i Tn ieuf.ka b,a,d isákafkuq' tfukau w.%.KH b;sydi{hskaf.a bia,dóhmd,kh ms<sn| mjik ,o idlaISka lsysmhla o my;ska Wmqgd we;af;uq'

bkaÿkSishdj uqia,sïjreka nyq;rhla jdih lrk úYd, rgls' tfukau uef,aishdfõ onyq;rhla jkqfha uqia,sïjrekah' fuu rgj,a ish,a, bia,duh ms<sn| meye§ulska meñKshd ñihqo wdl%uKhl w;a oelSï ;=<ska n,y;aldrfhka hgm;a lr .ekSulska bia,dólrKh jQjla hkaklsisÿ jd¾;djla i|yka ù ke;'

fï wkqj meyeÈ,s jk ;j;a lreKla kï fujka rgj,a ish,a, ngysr hg;a úð; rdcHhkanjg m;a ù tu oyu je<| .;a;d fuka fkdj' Bg mgyeKsj bia,duh ms<sn| ksjerÈwjfndaOhlska bia,duh jHdma; jQfhah hkak lsisÿ ielhlska f;drj meyeÈ,s lreKls' wdl%uKslhg;a úð; rdcHhka njg m;a jQ rgj,ays w;aoelSu jkqfha ñksia >d;k" foam, úkdYhka"widOdrK yd ÿla lïlfgd¨ w;aú£ï hkdÈhhs' kuq;a újD; oEiska neÆ l, b;sydifhysbia,dñlhska njg m;a jQ rdcHhkays uqia,sï fkdjkakkag fujka ieyeis brKula w;a ú¢kakgfkdie,eia jQ nj ksielju jegfykq we;' fï iïnkaOj wmQre ksoiqka lsysmhla bÈßm;a lrkakgleue;af;uq'

uqia,sïjreka iamd[a[h wjqreÿ 800 l ld, mrdihla md,kh lf<dah' tu md,k iufhysjdih l< hqfoõjka yd ls;=kqjka ;u wd.ñl ksoyi ksis whqßka ,enQ nj b;sydifhka uld oeñhfkdyels nj wm u;l ;nd .; hq;=h' ^Wmqgd .ekSu( http://www.acju.lk/published/item/599-samaaja-sanwaada&

tf,iu uqia,sïjreka bkaÈhdj wjqreÿ 800 l ld, mrdihla md,kh lf<dah' md,kh l<uqia,sïjrekag ;u md,kh hgf;a isák mqrjeishka nf,ka bia,duhg yrjd .ekSug yelshdj;snqK o tfia fkdl< nj wog;a bkaÈhdfõ ishhg 80 la jk yskaÿ ck .yKh wmg lÈuksoiqkla jkq we;' tfukau tu uqia,sï rdcHhd úiska tys isÿ lrk ,o iuQ, >d;khka isÿ ùwe;akï wo trfgys yskaÿ ckhd jeä m%;sY;hla Ôj;a ùu uyd mqÿuhls' flfia fyda tjkaf;dr;=rla Tn yuqfõ ;sfí kï ta ms<sn|j okajk fuka wm wid isákakg leue;af;uq'

tfukau Bðma;=j" brdlh" fcd¾odkh" l=fõgh" f,íkdkh" údkh" lgdrh" ;=¾lsh"tlai;a tó¾ rdcHh" fhukh jeks uqia,sïjrekaf.a md,kh ;=< mj;sk ueo fmrÈ. rdcHhkaysiq¿;rhla jQ ls;=kqjka yd hqfoõjka ;u wd.ñl ksoyia N=la;s ú¢ñka wog;a Ôj;a jk nj wmgy~ k`.d mjikafka l=ulao@ we;af;kau bia,duhg úfõpkh lrkakka mjik whqßka bia,dóh


rdcHhka úiska wka wd.ñlhskaj iuQ, >d;kh lrkafka hk u;h ´kElñka lrk ,ouqidjdohla hehs mdGl Tng myiqfjka jegfykq we;'

we,aÔßhdj" Wianlsia:dkh" lilia:dkh" fudfrdlafldaj" ,sìhdj" fidaud,shdj" iQvdkh"áhqkSishdj" u¾;dkshdj" u,dúh" b;sfhdamshdj" iamd[a[h yd ud,Èjhsk we;=¿ fndfyda rgj,aysjeishka bia,duh fj; ;=vq ÿka fya;=j jkafka bia,dóh md,kh ;=< ;snQ wdYap¾Hh fkdfõo@

w.%.KH b;sydi{hskaf.a bia,dóh md,kh ms<sn| idlaIs

—.=iagdfõ f,fndka˜ ^Gustave Lebon& mjik wkaoug z;ukaf.a m<uq hg;a lr.ekSï ms<sn|j b;dmyiqfjka Woaoduhg m;a ù fndfyda ch.%dyslhska úiska idudkHfhka lrkq ,nk widOdrKlïlrkakg wrdìjrekag fndfyda úg bv ;snqKs' mrdchg m;a lrkq ,enQ ;ukaf.a úreoaOjd§kagwlghq;=lï lrkakg o ;uka f,dajeishkag m%pdrh lrk bia,duh je,| .kakd f,i n,lrkakg o Tjqkag bvlv ;snqKs' kuq;a wrdìjreka lsis úfgl tf,i fkdl<y' fY%aIaG nqoaêm%Ndjla ;snQ wdrïNl bia,dóh md,lhska úiska oyu yd ms<sfj;a nf,ka wdfrdams; l< fkdyelsnj wjfndaO lr f.k isáhy' fuh kj oyul wkq.dñlhska w;r fndfyda úg olskakg fkdue;s,laIKhls' tfyhska Tjqka hg;a lr .;a isßhdj" Bðma;=j" iamd[a[h yd wfkl=;a iEu rglujeishka iïnkaOfhka wm oel we;s mßÈ b;d ldreKslj lghq;= fldg we;' Tjqkaf.a kS;smoaO;Ska" úê úOdkhka" wd.ñl úYajdihka tf,iu mj;ajd f.k hEug bv yeßh w;r —ðiahdñÿ muKla f.jkakg kshu lrk ,§' fuu noao Tjqka úiska fmr f.jQ nÿ iu. ii|k úgb;du;a w,am m%udKhls' fuh f.ùfuka hqo fiajfhka Tjqkaj ksoyia fldg Tjqkag mQ¾KwdrlaIdj iy;sl fldg § ;snqKs' i;Hh kï rgj,a hg;a lr .;a;ka w;=ßka uqia,sïjreka ;rïldreKsl jQjka yd bia,duh ;rï ldreKsl jQ oyula ms<sn|j f,dajeishka fuhg fmr oekfkdisàuh'˜ (Lebon G 'Civilization of Arabs' Page 605)

zuqia,sïjrekaf.a md,khg wh;a jQ N+ñ m%foaYhkays ;snQ ls;=kq foõueÿre j,g lsisÿ ydkshla isÿfkdjk mßÈ tajd wdrlaId lrk ,§' fkiafgdaßhdkq ksldfha m%OdkS ß*dvYS¾ ^Rifardashir&ys w.%rdc.=re m%id§ yd m¾Yshdfõ ish¨ ìfIdmajrekaf.a kdhl fc*a III úiska isñTka fj; ,smshlabÈßm;a lrñka fufia i|yka fldg ;snqKs' —foú÷ka úiska uq¿ f,dfjys n,h wrdìjrekag ,nd §we;s w;r Tjqka Tn w;r Ôj;a jk fyhska Tn fl;rï Okj;a oeZhs Tjqka oks;s' th tfia jQjoTjqka ls;=kq oyug úreoaOjd§lï mdkafka ke;' Tjqka wmf.a oyu flfrys idkqlïms; f,ilghq;= lr;s' wmf.a mQclhskag yd idka;=jrhskag f.!rj lr;s' wmf.a foõueÿre j,g ydwdY%uhkag fkduiqrej mß;Hd.hka lr;s˜ (Sir Thomas Arnold 'Invitation to Islam) 102jeks msgqj)

zuqia,sï fkdjkZ iq¿;rh fj; n,mEï fldg bia,duh je<|.kakd f,i i|yka lsis jd¾;djlams<sn|j wm lsis Èkl wid fkdue;' tf,iu ls;=kq oyu uq,skqmqgd oeófï wruqKska l%shd;aulixúOdkd;aul ysxikhla ms<sn|j o wid fkdue;' *¾äkkaâ yd bifn,d iamd[a[fhka bia,duhmsgqoelSug lghq;= lsÍu" ÆhS XIV úiska frmrudÿ ms<sfj; wkq.ukh lsÍu m%xYfha o~qjï ,eìhyels wmrdOhla njg m;a lsÍu yd tx.,ka;h úiska j¾I 350 l ld,hla i|yd hqfoõjkajmsgqjy,a l< wlghq;=lï j,g tfrysj hï lsis l,s*djrfhl= ^md,lfhl=& lghq;= lrkakgf;dard .;af;a kï ls;=kq oyu iyuq,skau hgm;a lr oukakg ;snqKs' tu hq.fha kef.kysr ls;=kqfoõueÿre iyuq,skau f,dj wfkl=;a ls;=kqjkaf.ka ì£ ;ksj lghq;= l<y' Tjqkaj ls;=kq oyfïñ;Hdu;slhska f,i i,lkq ,enQ fyhska f,dj Tjqkag Wmldr lsÍug lsisfjl= fkdisáhy'j¾;udkh f;la Tjqkaf.a meje;au iy;sl ù ;sîu bia,dóh rdcHh úiska Tjqka fj; oela jQiykYS,s;ajh yd ßiaiSu ms<sn| m%n,;u idlaIsh jkafkah˜' (Sir Thomas Arnold 'Invitation to Islam'Page 98,99)

bia,dóh rdcHhkays jdih l< uqia,sï fkdjkakka tu rdcHhka ms<sn|j m%ldY fldg we;sm%ldYhka jHdc o@ ke;fyd;a Tjqka fkdoekqj;a lñka mejiqjd oe@hs úuikakg leue;af;uq'

tfukau bia,duh úfõpkh lrkakka mjik whqßka rg uqia,sïjrekaf.a md,khg k;= jQieKska wkHd.ñlhska ish,a, iuQ, >d;kh lrkafka kï f,dfõ rgj,a 50 lg wdikak rgj,ays


uqia,sïjrekaf.a md,khka isÿfjñka ;sìh§ tys iq¿ ckhd jk uqia,sï fkdjkakka ;ju;a Ôj;=kaw;r isàfï h:d¾:h l=ulaoeZhs wikakg leue;af;uq'

bia,duh yd f,dfõ isÿ jQ wfkl=;a hqo .egqïys urKhg m;a jQjkaf.a h:d¾:hwmf.a wjOdkhg ,la l< hq;=hs'

uqyïuoa ;=udKkaf.a ld, jljdkqfõ hqoaO lsysmhla isÿ ù we;' tu jir 23 mqrdjgufomd¾Yjfhkau urKhg m;a ù we;af;a 1300 lg jvd wvq m%udKhls' kuq;a fïjdhska nyq;rhúfoia wdl%uK j,ska ;u rg oeh" rdcHh yd wd.u wdrlaId lr .ekSug uqyqK ÿka hqO .egqïñila uqia,sïjreka úiska l< wdl%uKhlska w;a jQ >d;khka fkdjQ nj wm fyd¢ka jgyd .; hq;=lreKls'

lreKdfldg my; i|yka ixLHd f,aLk fj; Tnf.a wjOdkh fhduq lrk f,i b,a,disákafkuq' 1860-1865 olajd mej;s weußldkq isú,a hqoaOfhka 6"28"000 lao m<uq jk f,dalhqoaOfhka ñ,shk 37 lao fojk f,dal hqoaOfhka ñ,shk 72'5 lao úh' fujka wmrdOldÍ úkdYhkafufyh jQjka uqia,sïjrekaoeZhs wikakg leue;af;uq'

tfukau fidaúhÜ úma,jfhka ñ,shk myla o uqia,sïjrekg tfrysj mej;s l=reihqoaOfhka ñ,shk kjhla o fldßhdkq hqoaOfhka ñ,shk ;=kla o wfYdal rcq úiska fufyh jk,o ld,sx> hqoaOfha § >d;k ,laIhla o úh' ;jo uE;l§ isÿl< wmrdO w;=ßka brdlfha l<úkdYfhka l=vd orejka 50"000 lao fndiakshd hqoaOh" we*a.ka m,ia;Sk úkdYhka o úh'

by; ixLHd f,aLk j,g wkqj tjka iuQ, >d;k ish,a, fufyh jQjka uqia,sïfkdjkakka jQ w;r Tn,d úiska ;%ia;jdoh lshk kduh WrÉÑ lsÍug W;aidy orkafkabia,duhg fkdfõo@ hkafkka wikakg leue;af;uq'

kuq;a mdGl Tn by; lreKq ;=<ska hï ks.ukhlg meñKsho f,dfjys j¾;udkfha isÿjk bia,dóh m%;sm;a;Skag yd;amiska fjkia udOHh úiska bia,duhg wekaoùug fjr ork whs'tia' ixúOdkh ms<sn|j wmj úfõpkhg ,la l< yels nj wm ksielfhkau okafkuq' f,dfõuqia,sïjreka md,kh lrk rdcHhka mkyla muK we;' kuq;a wo wms úiska wik m%Yakh jkafkafuu uqia,sï rdcHhka mky w;=ßka whs' tia' ixl,amhg mlaImd;Sj l=uk rdchh bÈßm;a ù we;aoeZhs wjxlj wikafkuq' tfia lsisÿ rdcHhla bÈßm;a ù ke;skï whs' tia' ixúOdkfha kdufhka;%ia;jdoh yd ñksia >d;khg w,a l=¾wdkh yd IÍwdj Èß.kajk nj fndre m%pdrhka bÈßm;alsÍu ;=<ska iudch Nhdkl m%md;hlg ;,a¨ lsÍug W;aiy orkafka oeZhs wikafkuq'

f,dfjys m%:u jrg 2014 cQ,s ui yh jk Èk Y%s ,xld .=jka úÿ,s ixia:dj u.ska úldYkhlrk ,o iúia;rd;aul .=jka úÿ,s jev igyk u.ska yd 2014 wf.daia;= ui 30 jk Èk ksl=;alrk udOHh m%ldYkh u.ska —iuia; ,xld cïbh;=,a W,ud˜ ixúOdkh úiska whs'tia'whs'tia'ixúOdkh bia,duhg mgyeks wka;jdÈ ixúOdkhla f,i fy<sorjq l< nj okajd isákakgleue;af;uq'

wm b;d lK.dgqjg m;a jk lreKla kï fmrd;=ju —iuia; ,xld cïbh;=,a W,ud˜ixúOdkh úiska w,a l=¾dwka yd w,a y§ia wkqidrfhka m%ldYkhla iudchg bÈßm;a lr ;sìh§;aw,a l=¾wdkh yd w,a y§ia ms<sn| wvqmdvq mejiSug W;aiql ùuhs'

w,a l=¾wdka yd kì joka jgyd .ekSu i|yd ms<smeÈh hq;= fmdÿ kS;sÍ;s

w,a l=¾wdkh ms<sn|j w¾: oelaùul § wkq.ukh l< hq;= kS;s Í;s ms<sn|j ixlaIsma;ú.%yhla my;ska bÈßm;a fldg we;af;uq' w,a l=¾wdkh yeoEÍfï§ jeo.;a kS;shla jQ ikao¾Nfhajeo.;alu i|yd olajk myiq WodyrKhla w,a l=¾wdkfhkau my;ska Wmqgd olajd we;af;uq'

—tneúka i,d;h ^keue;s keuÿu& bgq lrkakka flfrys úkdYh w;a fõjdæ˜ ^w,a l=¾wdka 107(4&

fuu w,a l=¾wdka jelsh muKla lshjd f;areï .kakd wfhl= lsis Èfkl i,d;h tkïbia,duh b.ekaùï wkqj ffokslj mia j;djla bgq l< hq;= wksjd¾hh keuÿu bgq fkdlrkq we;'


fuu jelsh ksjerÈj wjfndaO lr .ekSu msKsi thg fmr yd miq jelshka lshjd wjfndaO lr.ekSu îkao¾Nh& w;HdjYH fjhs' tksid fuu jelshg wdY%s; 5 yd 6 jeks jelshka úuid n,uq'

—tneúka i,d;h bgq lrkakka flfrys úkdYh w;a fõjdæ˜ ^w,a l=¾wdka 107(4&

—Tjqkaf.a i,d;h ms<sn|j fkdie,ls,su;aj isákakka Tjqkauh'˜ ^w,a l=¾wdka 107(5&

—^;u l%shdjka ms<sn|j wka whg fmkajñka& Wcdremdkakka Tjqkauh'˜ ^w,a l=¾wdka 107(6&

úkdYhg fhduq jk f,i i,d;h bgq lrkakka ljfrl=o h;a fkdie,ls,su;aj yd wkawhg fmkaùu i|yd i,d;h bgq lrkakka nj tu mßÉfþofhau 5 yd 6 jeks jelshkaf.ka b;dmeyeÈ,sj ú.%y fõ' fï wkqj w,a l=¾wdkh wjfndaO lr .ekSug kï my; i|yka jeo.;a kS;sÍ;s ms<sn| ksjerÈ oekqula wksjd¾hfhkau ;sìh hq;= fjhs'

1' w,a l=¾wdkh wjfndaO lr .ekSu msKsi ikao¾Nh b;d jeo.;a fõ' tfyhska jelshla ms<sn|úuiqul fhfok úg ikao¾Nh flfrys wjOdkh fhduq lsÍu b;du w;jYH lreKls'

2' w,a l=¾wdkh wjqreÿ 23 la ;siafia ta ta wjia:djg wkql+,j yd wjYH;djg wkqj uq¿ ñksiaj¾.hdf.a u. fmkaùu i|yd f,dj uejqïlrejd úiska uqyïuoa ;=udKkag my< lrkq ,eîh'tneúka w,a l=¾wdkh ms<sn|j w¾: ú.%yhla lsÍug kï bia,dóh b;sydih ms<sn|j .eUqre ydksjerÈ oekqula ;sîu b;d jeo.;a fõ'

fï wdldrfhkau kì joka ú.%y lsÍfï§ tu y§ih ziySyaZ .Khg wh;a kìjoklao@ke;skï z,B*aZ .Khg wh;a kì jokla o@ hkafkka yd b;sydih yd tu wjia:djka ms<sn|joekqula ;sîu w;HjYH fõ' fuu y§ia l,dj b;d .eUqre l,djla jk w;r fláfhka mjikjdkï" ziySya y§ihZ hkq tu kìjok u.ska Rcqju hï kS;shlg t<ôh yelsjk wkaoñka lsisÿielhla fkdue;s jd¾;dlrejka yryd jd¾;d ù ;sfnk kìjokh' z,B*a y§ihZ hkq tu kìjoku.ska Rcqju hï kS;shlg t<ôh fkdyelsjk wkaoñka hï ielhla we;s jd¾;dlrejka yrydjd¾;d ù ;sfnk kìjokh'

3' tf,iu we;eï w,a l=¾wdka joka i|yd ú.%yhka tys ikao¾Nfhka neyer wfkl=;a w,a l=¾wdkajokays o wka;¾.;j we;' tfyhska w,a l=¾wdkh ksjerÈj wjfndaO lr .ekSu msKsi iïmq¾K w,al=¾wdkh ms<sn|j oekqula ;sîu b;du jeo.;a idOlhla nj i|yka l< hq;=j we;' u;ameka;ykï lsÍu ms<sn|j w,a l=¾wdk b.ekaùu iïmQ¾K f,i wjfndaO lr .ekSug kï fïiïnkaOfhka we;s jels ish,a, tkï 2(219" 4(43" 5(90 iuia;hla jYfhka yd tys ld,jljdkqwkqj wjfndaO lr .; hq;= fjhs' fï ms<sn|j we;s b.ekaùï w,a l=¾wdkfha úúO mßÉfþohkayswka;¾.; ù we;s w;r iïmQ¾K w,a l=¾wdkh ms<sn|j mQ¾j oekqulska f;drj fï ms<sn|j we;stla jelshla muKla f.k ú.%yhl fh§u úlD;s u;hla we;s ùug ksh; jYfhkau fya;= fjhs'

4' ;j;a úfgl w,a l=¾wdka jels ms<sn|j ú.%yhla kì jokays ;sìh yel' tfyhska w,a l=¾wdkams<sn| ksjerÈ wjfndaOhla i|yd kì joka ms<sn| oekqu o jeo.;a idOlhls' i,d;h" Wmjdih"zild;h yd yÊ jeks bia,dufha jeo.;a wd.ñl ms<sfj;a ms<sn|j w,a l=¾wdkh b;d fláú.%yhla ,nd fok w;r tajd bgq lsÍfï iïmq¾K l%ufõoh kì jokays yd t;=ukaf.a l%shdjkayswka;¾.; ù we;'

5' w,a l=¾wdka jels my< l< ft;sydisl ikao¾Nh yd fya;=j ^wiandí w,a kqiq,a& oek isàu ojeo.;a fõ' ljqreka i|yd l=uk wjia:djl l=ula i|yd my< lrk ,oafoa o hkak ms<sn|jksjerÈ oekqula wksjd¾hfhkau ;sìh hq;=h' bÈß ú.%yhka u.ska fï ms<sn| ksjerÈ wjfndaOhla,nd .ekSug yels jkq we;'

6' w,a l=¾wdkfha wrdì NdId fhÿu b;du W;a;Í;r ;;a;ajhlska hqla; jk w;r thg iu l<yels NdId ffY,shla uq¿ wrdì idys;Hfhau fkdue;s nj uqia,sï yd uqia,sï fkdjk wrdì NdIdúoaj;=kaf.a u;hhs' tu NdId oekqu fkdue;sj w,a l=¾wdkhg w¾: oelaùï bÈßm;a lsÍu nrm;<w¾: úlD;s ùï j,g fya;= úh yel' tys fhdod we;s jdlHhka ms<sn|j w¾: rdYshla ;sìh yelsw;r mßmq¾K w,a l=¾wdka ms<sn| iïu; kS;s Í;Ska (Sciences of Al Quraan) fkdoek w¾: oelaùukqiqÿiq l%shdjls'


7' w,a l=¾wdka w¾: oelaùu ms<sn| úoaj;=kaf.a yd wfkl=;a bia,dóh úoaj;=kaf.a ú.%yhka o b;dujeo.;ah' rgl l%shd;aul idudkH kS;sh ú.%y lsÍfï§;a tu kS;sh iïmdokh lsÍug fya;= jQmiqìu" th tla ixisoaêhla Wfoid muKla iSud jqjla o" tu kS;sh iïu; lsÍfï§ bÈßm;a lrk,o wruqKq" tu kS;sh Wmfhda.S lr.ksñka fok ,o kvq ;Skaÿ" kS;s úYdrohska úiska fok ,oú.%yhka yd tu kS;shg wod< NdIduh ú.%yh wdÈh .ek i,ld ne,Su idudkH iïm%odhls' tfiafkdfldg fuu wd.ñl .%ka:hkays wvx.= jelshla folla muKla Wmqgd olajd iïmq¾K oyuu ta;=< wka;¾.; fldg ks.%yd;aulj w¾: olajkafkla fl;rï nrm;< je/oaola lrkafka o hkakms<sn|j ld yg kï u; fjkila ;sìh yelafla o@

^9& fpdaokdj ( l=rdKh 48(29

—fudfyduoa w,a,dya úiska m;al< kìjrhdh' Tyqf.a wkq.dñlfhda wksjd¾hfhka u bia,duhúYajdi fkdlrkakkag úreoaOj idyisl jk w;r Tjqfkdjqkag ^wkq.dñlhska w;r& lreKdnr úhhq;=h˜'

ú.%yh( m<uqj fuu jelsfha jvd;au ksjerÈ isxy, w¾: oelaùu flfrys wjOdkh fhduq lruq'

—uqyïuoa w,a,dyaf.a riQ,ajrhdh^mKsúvlreh&' Tyq iu. isáhjqka m%;slafIamlhska flfrys b;doeäj o Tjqka w;r lreKdjka;hska f,io isá;s'˜ ^w,a l=¾wdka 48(29&

fuys olajd we;s m%;slafIamlhska ljqreka o hkak wjfndaO lr.ekSu msKsi fuumßÉfþofha 25 jeks jelsfha isg lshúh hq;=j we;' tu jels lsysmfhys mßj¾;kh my;ska Wmqgdolajkafkuq'

—^48(25& Tjqkauh ^w,a,dyaj& m%;slafIam lr" kqU,dj uiaðÿ,a yrduh fj;ska o yoah ^kï lemlrkakdjQ i;=ka& kshñ; ia:dkhg /f.k ú;a .d,a lrkq ,eîfuka o je<elajQfha' kqU,d kd÷kkúYajdisl msßñka yd úYajdisl ia;S%ka ûlalyafjys& isáh § kqU,d ^hqoaO lr& Tjqkaj md.d ^úkdYfldg" ta fya;=fjka kqU,d& fkdoekqj;aju kqU,dg mjla isÿùug bv ;snqKs' ^fufia fkdjQfha&w,a,dya wNsu; l< whj Tyqf.a lreKdfjys we;=¿ lrkq msKsih' ûlalyafjys isá úYajdisl&Tjqka ^m%;slafIamlhskaf.ka& fjka jQfha kï Tjqka w;=ßka m%;slafIam l<jqkaj wms fõokSho~qjulska o~qjï § we;af;uq' ^26& m%;slafIam l<jqka ;ukaf.a yoj;ays WoaOÉplu jk w{dkfhaWoaOÉplu we;s lr .;a l,ays w,a,dya ;u Ydka;Ndjh Tyqf.a riQ,ajrhd flfrys o úYajdislhskaflfrys o my< lf<ah' ;jo Tyq Tjqkaj ìh Nla;sfha jokg5 ne|Sula we;s lf<ah' ;jo Tjqyqthg b;d iqÿiaika yd thg ysñ lrejka jQfjdah' ;jo w,a,dya ish¨ oE flfrys i¾j{ úh' ^27&ieneúkau w,a,dya Tyqf.a riQ,ajrhdg i;Hfhka hq;= jQ isyskh ienE lf<ah'6 ^tkï& w,a,dyawNsu; lf<a kï kqU,d iqrlaIs; jQjka f,i o kqU,df.a ysia uqvq l<jqka yd fldg l<jqka f,i okqU,d ìfhka f;drj o uiaðÿ,a yrduhg we;=¿ jkafkdauh' tneúka kqU,d fkdoek isá oE Tyqokafkah' ;jo ta yer ^yhsn¾ys& ióm ch.%yKhla o Tyq we;s lf<ah' ^28& iEu oyulgu jvdfuh^bia,duh& fY%aIaG lrùu msKsi u. fmkaùu yd i;H oyu iu. ;u riQ,ajrhdj tõfõTyquh' ;jo idlaIs orkafkl= jYfhka w,a,dya m%udKj;ah¡

^29& uqyïuoa w,a,dyaf.a riQ,ajrhdh' Tyq iu. isáhjqka m%;slafIamlhska flfrys b;d oeäjo Tjqka w;r lreKdjka;hska f,io isá;s'˜

5& Nla;sfha jok hkq z,d b,dy b,a,,a,dyaZ keuÿug iqÿiaid w,a,dya yer fjk;a foúfhl= fkdue; hkakhs'

6& uqyïuoa ;=udKka ;u i`.hska iu. ulalyafõ msysá Y=oaO jQ uiaðohg f.dia Wïrd jkaokdj bgq lr tys wjikams<sfj; jk ysi uqvq .d isàu isyskfhka ÿgqfõh' kìjrekaf.a isysk i;H foaj mKsúvhla jk fyhska fuu isyskhuqia,sïjreka Wïrya jkaokdj bgq lrkq we; hkakg wkdjelshla jqj o th isÿ jk ld,h ms<sn|j lsishï fyda b`.shlafkdùh' tfyhska fuu Wïrya jkaokdj tu jifrysu bgq l< hq;a;la hehs is;+ uqyïuoa ;=udKka" ;u i`.hskaf.kaúYd, msßila iu. ulald k.rh lrd msg;a úh' kuq;a uqyïuoa ;=udKka yqfohsìhd msáfhys isÿ jQ .súiqug w;aika;eîug tl`. jQ fyhska Wïrya jkaokdj bgq lrkakg fkdyels úh' uqyïuoa ;=udKka ÿgq isyskh tu jifrysu isÿfkdjQj o j¾;udkfha tu isyskh ienE jkq we; hehs w,a,dya fuu jelsh ;=<ska mjikafkah' tfiau B<`. jifrysuTjqka ish,a, Wïrya jkaokdj mßmQ¾K lf<dah' th zWïr;=,a l,dZ hehs y÷kajk ,§'


fuu jelsh my< ùug fya;= jQ ft;sydisl idOl fuu jelsj,ska úia;r fõ' uqyïuoa;=udKka yd msßi bia,dñh Èk o¾Ykfha yh jk jif¾ ksrdhqo j wd.ñl j;dj;a i|yd u§kdk.rfha isg ulald k.rh fj; <`.d fjñka isák wjia:dfõ yqffoìhd kï ia:dkfha §ulaldfõ úiQ m%;slafIamlhska úiska fuu msßi bÈßhg hEu j<lajk ,§' fuu.ska Tjqka bgqlsÍug meñKs wd.ñl j;dj;a w;yer oeóug isÿúh' fuu mSvdldÍ jd;djrKh hgf;a fomd¾Yjhúiska idlÉPd fldg uqia,sïjrekag b;d wjdisodhl f,i fmfkkakg ;snqKq .súiqulg w;aikafldg wdmiq yeÍ tkakg isÿ úh' fuu jelsh my< jkafka .súiqu w;aika fldg tfia yeÍ wdmiqtñka isáh§h' fuf,i uqia,sïjrekaj ;u wd.ñl j;dj;a bgq lsÍfuka j<lajd b;d widOdrKfldkafoais iys; .súiqulg w;aika lsÍug lghq;= l< m%;slafIamlhska ms<sn|jhs fuu jelsfhai|yka jkafka' fuu miqìu wjfndaO lr.kafka ke;sj ;u is;e`.shdjg wkqj jpk fhdoñka w,al=¾wdka jels j,g w¾: oelaùug hEu ;u fkdoekqj;alu m%o¾Ykh lsÍula muKs'


—;jo lsisu mqoa.,fhl= bia,duh yer fjk;a wd.ula f;dard .kafka o fyda we¿ï lrkafka o"bia,duh lsisf,ilskaj;a th ms<s.kafka ke;' ^tkï tjeks ksoyilg bia,dufha bvla ke;&'

ú.%yh ( m<uqj fuu w,a l=¾wdka jelsfha jvd;a ksjerÈ isxy, w¾: oelaùu flfrys wjOdkhfhduq lruq'

—bia,dï fkdjk ^wka& oyula ljfrl= fidhkafkao th Tyqf.ka ms<s.kq fkd,nkafkauh' ;joTyq u;= f,dfjys w,dNjka;hskaf.ka ^flfkl=& jkafkah'˜ ^w,a l=¾wdka 3(85&

fuu u;h bia,duhg muKla iSudjQjla f,i olajñka Ñka;k ksoyig bia,duh ;=<bvla fkdue;s nj úoyd olajkakg fnd<| W;aidyhla fuu.ska f.k we;' bia,duh ;=<skañksidfha nqoaêhg iSudjk wkaoñka Ñka;k ksoyi ,nd § we;s nj wdrïNfha wm bÈßm;a l<lreKq ;=<ska mdGl Tng jegyS we;eZhs úYajdi lrkafkuq'

i¾j n,OdÍ w,a,dya i¾j f,da ujd mßmd,kh fldg mßfmdaIKh lr fu;rï úYsIaGodhdohka ñksidg odhdo lr ;sìh§" ñksid ;u ienE uejqïlre mfil,d fjk;lg fhduq ùulsisfia;au ms<s.; fkdyelalls' ksoiqkla f,i ;ukaj we;soeä l< ;u foudmshkag wlSlre ùTjqkg fødayS fjñka lghq;= lrk mqf;l= fuka h'

we;eï úfõplhska bia,dï oyug muKla we`.s,a, È.= l< o fujeksu u;hl tuúfõplhskau isákafka hkak jgyd .ekSug wlue;af;ka fyda my; i|yka fldgi Tnf.awjOdkh msKsi bÈßm;a lsÍug wmg isÿ ù we;'

ñ;Hd oDIaá l¾uhdf.a úmdldÈh

my; i|yka fldgi uydpd¾h f¾reldfka pkaoúu, uykdysñ úiska rÑ; —fn!oaOhdf.aw;afmd;˜ .%ka:fhka Wmqgd .;af;uq' fuu .%ka:fha ñ;Hd oDIaáh ms<sn| fndfyda úia;r bÈßm;afldg we;'

—kdyx NslaLfõ" tlOïuïms iukqmiaidñ hx tjx uydidjÊcx( h:hsox NslaLfõ ñÉPdÈÜÀ'ñÉPdÈÜÀ mrud NslaLfõ jÊcdkS;s˜

—uyfKks" fï ñ;Hd oDIaáh hï n÷ o tfia uydidjoH jQ wka tlu O¾ufhl= ÿ udf.ai¾j{;d{dkfhka fkdolsñ' ñ;Hd oDIaáh jroj,a w;=frka ish,a,g u uy;a jro fõheZhs;:d.;hka jykafia jod< fial' ûydpd¾h f¾reldfka pkaoúu, uykdysñ úiska rÑ; —fn!oaOhdf.a w;afmd;( 78 jeks msgqj&'

ñ;Hd oDIaáfhys úmdl

—fï ñ;Hd oDIaáh jkdys uyd idjoH jQ wl=i, l¾uhls' ta nj nqÿrcdKka jykafia wx.=;a;rksldfhys fufia foaYkd fldg we;' —uyfKks" fï ñ;Hd oDIaáh ;rï uyd idjoH jQ wka tlo


O¾uhlaj;a uf.a nqÿ weiska uu fkdolsñ' tfyhska fï ñ;Hd oDIaáh w;sYhskau nrm;< jQ uydjrols' wl=i,hls˜ hkqhs'

idudkHfhka fï ñ;Hd oDIaáh kï jQ wl=i, l¾ufhys fhÿKq mqoa.,fhla fõ kï" Tyqgfï iißka tf;r ùug wjldYhla ke;af;ah' i;r wmd wdÈfhys fjfik i;ajfhda mjd l,amúkdYh jk l,ays wdNiair n%yau f,dalfhys WmÈ;s' tfy;a ksh; ñiÈgqjdg ta ld, iSudfjysmsgilaj< tla;rd wmdhl ÿla ú£ug isÿ jkafkah˜'^l¾uh yd úmdlh - 1 ldKavh 11 jeks msgqj -wNsO¾u úYdro ,ika; r;akf.dv&

tfyhska fujka lreKq ms<sn| úYaùh iïu;la we;s fyhska tajdg fpdaokd t,a, lsÍuW.;=kag kqiqÿiq hehs wm is;kafkuq' fujeks b.ekaùï ;=< ish¨ wd.ï w;r wfkldjy÷kd.ksñka wfkldf.a woyig .re lrñka wjfndaOfhka wd.ñl ixys¢hdjl Ôj;a ùu b;diqÿiq hehs wm is;kafkuq'


—;jo ûq¿ f,dj mqrdu& w,a,dyaf.a bia,duha muKla b;sßjk f,i wfkl=;a ish¿u wd.ï" Ôjkrgd" weoys,s" pdß;% jdß;%" ixialD;Ska" iïm%odhka iy kS;sÍ;s ^FITNAH& N+ñfhka úkdYfldg w;=.douk ;=re ûq¿ f,dj mqrdu& ish¿u wkHd.ñlhskag úreoaOj igka lrkak' Tjqka ;u wd.ïw;yer bia,duh je<|.kafka kï" w,a,dyag Tjqka lrkakd jQ ish,a, fmfkkafkah˜'

ú.%yh ( m<uqj fuu l=¾wdka jelsfha jvd;a ksjerÈ w¾: oelaùu flfrys fhduq fjuq'

—NSIKh ;=rkaj f.dia oyu iïmQ¾Kfhkau w,a,dyag i;=jk f;la Tjqka iu. kqU,d igka jÈjq'Tjqka ^NSIKfhka& je<l=fKa kï" ^Tjqka iu. kqU,d igka fkdjÈjq'& túg ieneúkau w,a,dyaTjqka lrñka isá oE ms<sn|j i¾j iqmÍlaIdldÍh'˜ ^w,a l=¾wdka 8(39&

wm fj; fpdaokdjla jYfhka bÈßm;a fldg ;snQ mßj¾;kh;a by;ska § we;s mßj¾;kh;alreKdlr ii|d n,k f,i ldreKslj b,a,d isákakg leue;af;uq' wd.ñl .%ka: iïnkaOfhkafuf,i oafõYiy.; whqßka úlD;s fldg bÈßm;a lsÍu lsisÿ oyula wkqu; lrkakla fkdfõ'by; fpdaokdfõ we;s fldgi lshjk uqia,sï fkdjk Y%S ,dxlslfhl=f.a isf;a bia,dñlhskams<sn|j we;sjkafka l=uk wdldrfha ye`.Sula o hkak lreKdlr fudfyd;la is;d n,kak'ffjrh yd fl%daOh mokï lrf.k lrkakd jQ fujka oafõY iy.; m%pdr ;rfha fy,dolskafkuq'

fuu jelsh my< lrkq ,enQfõ uqyïuoa ;=udKka wjqreÿ 13la u m%;slafIaml ulaldjdiSl=ffrIa kdhlhskaf.a w;s Nhdkl NSIKh yd ysxikh ord.; fkdyelsj u§kd k.rhgfoaYdka;rKh lsÍfuka miq fuu l=ffrIa kdhlhska úYd, yuqodjla iu. u§kd k.rh wdl%uKhlsÍug meñK u§kd k.rh wi, we;s noa¾ kï ia:dkfha isÿjq m<uq hqo .egqu mokï lrf.kh'fuu jelsfha —*s;akd˜ hk wrdì mohg fpdaokd bÈßm;a lrkakka § we;s w¾: ,ehsia;=j ´kEuwfhl= uú;hg m;a lrjkakls' fuu noa¾ hqoaOh we;s jkafka wdl%uKldÍ l=ffrIam%;slafIamlhska úiska l< hqo fufyhqu fya;=fjks' fuu jelsfha i|yka jkafka tu wdl%uKldÍl=ffrIa m%;slafIamlhska ms<sn|jh' fuu jelsfhys w,a,dya uqia,sïjrekag igka jÈk fuka wKfldg we;af;a by; i|yka mßÈ Tjqkag ksoyfia ;u oyu weoySug ndOd yd ysxid lrñka isá tuulaldjdiS m%;slafIamlhskag tfrysj bia,dï oyu weoySug yelsjk ;;a;ajhla Wodjk ;=rem%h;akhla orK fukah' fï wkqj neÆ l, fuu jelsh fmdÿfõ iEu uqia,sï fkdjkafkl=uwduka;%Kh fkdjkakla nj lshjk Tng myiqfjka jegfykq ksh;h'


—;jo Y=oaO jQ udi 4 miq jQ miq jQ jydu" ms<su jkaokdlrejka iy nyq foajjdfoka ÿgq ÿgq ;eklmd fldgd >d;kh lrkak' tfiau Tjqkaj jg,d w,a,df.k ne| oukak' tfiau Tjqka hk tk;ekaj, u. /lisg lvd mek myr fokak'Âmbush&" túg tu ysxikfhka mSvdjg m;aù bjid.kq


fkdyelsj& Tjqka ;u wd.u w;yer w,a,dyaf.a wd.u ^bia,duh& je<| .kafka kï tjeks whjf;dard uqod yßkak' w,a,dya iudj fokakdh" w,a,dya uyd ldreKslhdh˜'

ú.%yh ( w,a l=¾wdkfha 9 jeks mßÉfþofha 5 jeks jelsh ms<sn| úfõpkhlska" wj,dohlskaf;drj cd;sl fukau cd;Hka;r bia,dï NS;sld fjí wvúhla fyda wfkl=;a bia,dï úfrdaëm%pdrhla olskakg fkdue;s ;rï hehs mejiSu i;Hh jYfhkau w;sYfhdala;shla fkdfõ' bx.%Sisniska we;s fjí wvú fuu jelsh y÷kajd § we;af;a —wismf;a jelsh˜ ^Verse of the Sword& f,igh'f,dj jikd ´kEu ms<su jkaokdlrefjl= >d;kh lsÍug fuu jelsh u.ska újD; wjirhla ydwkque;shla ,nd § we;s nj Tjqka fpdaokd lr;s' fuu.ska úfYaIfhkau furg fn!oaO ckhdf.ais;ai;kays mokï úrys; wksis ìhla yd ms<sl=,la bia,duh yd uqia,sïjreka ms<sn|j we;s lsÍugfuu ffjrh yd fl%daOh jemsÍfï ld¾hfhys kshe,S isákakka isÿ lrñka isá;s' fuu lmájHdhduh mrdch fldg i;Hh l=ula o hkak meyeÈ<s lsÍu wmf.a j.lSu njg m;a j we;' fuuwfmalaIdj mokï lr.ksñka tu jelshg miqìï jQ ft;sydisl isÿùï fukau tu jelsfhaikao¾Nfha we;s wfkl=;a jels ms<sn| ú.%yhla my;ska bÈßm;a lr we;af;uq'

úlD;s fldg bÈßm;a lrk ,o tu jelsfha ksjerÈ mßj¾;kh wkqj w¾: olajd we;s whqre my;skaolajd we;af;uq'

—;ykï udihka blau .sh miq ^kqU,d iu. hqo je§ isák& wdfoaYlhskaj ÿgq ;ek lmd oujq'Tjqkaj isrNdrhg .ksjq' Tjqkaj jg,jq' Tjqka ie.fjk iEu ;eklu Tjqka fjkqfjka ie.ù isájq'Tjqka ^Tjqkaf.a wmrdOhkaf.ka o m%;slafIamfhka o& miq;eú,s ù je<lS ^úYajdi lr& i,d;h oms<smeo ild;a f.jqjfyd;a Tjqkaj Tjqkaf.a ud¾.fhys w; yßkq' ieneúkau w,a,dya w;slaIudYS,Sh yd w;s lreKdNß;h'˜ ^w,a l=¾wdka 9(5&

fuu w,a l=¾wdka jelsh fpdaokdjla f,i wm fj; bÈßm;a fldg we;s wdldrh yd ksjerÈmßj¾;kh w;r we;s fjkia lï yd úlD;s lsÍï b;d meyeÈ,sj ´kEu wfhl=g b;d myiqfjkawjfndaO lr .; yels jkq we;eZhs úYajdi lrkafkuq' ksYaÑ; ft;sydisl ikao¾Ndkq.; isÿùulamuKla mokï lrf.k my< jQ fuu jelsfha lreKq ishü uqia,sï fkdjkakkag tfrysj ieuodieu úg ieu ;ek n,.ekaúh hq;= woyila yeáhg yqjd olajkakg ord we;s fnd<| W;aidyhi;Hh jYfhkau ;u isf;a we;s uqia,sï úfrdaOh ukdj fy<sorjq lrkakls' fuu jelsfha ksjerÈw¾: oelaùu yd ú.%yh my;ska bÈßm;a fldg we;af;uq'

fuu w,a l=¾wdka jelsh my< ùug fya;= jQ ft;sydisl miqìu m<uqj f;areï .;a úg fuujelsfhys ksjerÈ w¾:h wjfndaO lr .ekSu myiq jkq we;'

tal foaj;ajh fj; yd idrO¾u imsß iudc m%;sixialrKh Wfoid uqyïuoa ;=udKka l<werhqu ulald jdiS l=ffrIa f.da;%slhskaf.a oeä úfrdaOhg ,la jQ w;r t;=udf.a foaYkhka ms<s .;aÿn," È<s÷ nyq;rhlg wfkal úO jo ysxidjkag uqyqK mEug tu ld,jljdkqfõ § isÿ úh'

fuu ;;a;ajh ;=< jir oy;=kla jeks §¾> ld,hla ulald jeishkaf.a oeä ;dvkmSvkhkag uqyqK foñka lghq;= lsÍfuka wk;=rej t;=udg yd uqia,sïjrekag ulaldj w;yeru§kd k.rhg foaYdka;rKh lsÍug miqìu ilia ù ;snqKs' u§kd k.rhg foaYdka;rKhlsÍfuka miqj;a uqia,sïjrekag tfrysj yuqod fufyhqï lsysmhla Èh;a l<y' znoa¾Z"zWyqoaZ ydzykaolaZ kñka ye¢kafjk yuqod m%ydrhka fuhska lsysmhls' uqyïuoa ;=udKka yd msßi u§kdk.rhg foaYdka;rKh lsÍfuka miq yhjk jif¾ § ulald k.rhg meñK zWïrdZ ûlald fõuiaðÿ,a yrdï m,a,sh wdY%s;j isÿ lrk bia,dufha tla keuÿula& j;dj;a bgq lsÍug lghq;= l<wjia:dfõ § yqffoìhd kï jQ ia:dkfha § Tjqkaj j<lajd,Sug ulaldfõ bia,dï úfrdaëka úiskalghq;= lrk ,§' fu;ek § we;s jQ w;s mSvdldÍ ;;a;ajh u; uqia,sïjrekag b;d wjdis iy.; njfmfkkakg ;snQ igka úrdu .súiqula w;aika lrk ,§' tu .súiquo thg j¾I tlyudrl §ulald jdiSka úiska ì| ouk ,§'

by; i|yka .súiqu wkqj ulaldjdiS l=ffrIa f.da;%slhska yd uqia,sïjreka w;r igkaúrduhla i|yd tl`.;djlg t<fUk ,§' fï wkqj l=ffrIa f.da;%slhska yd Tjqkag iyh olajd.súiqï .; ù isá Tjqkaf.a mdlaIsl f.da;%slhska iu. o uqia,sïjreka igka úrdu .súiqfïfldkafoais /lsh hq;= úh' wks;a w;ska uqia,sïjreka iu. idu .súiqï w;aika fldg ;snq uqia,sï


fkdjk f.da;%slhska o l=ffrIajreka yd Tjqkaf.a mdlaIsl f.da;% iu. fuu igka úrdu .súiqfïfldkafoais /lsh hq;= úh' jeäl,a fkdf.dia l=ffrIa mdlaIsl nkq nla¾ f.da;%slhska úiskauqia,sïjreka iu. .súiqï .; j isá uqia,sï fkdjk nkq l=zidwd f.da;%slhskag myr § tuf.da;%fha fndfyda fofkl=j >d;kh lrk ,§' igkg msúis fuu fomd¾Yjh ueo isál=ffrIajreka úiska m%ydrh wdrïN l< Tjqkaf.a nkq nla¾ mdlaIslhskaj md,kh fldg fuu.egqu iu;hlg m;a lrkq we;eZhs uqia,sïjreka úiska wfmalaId lrk ,§' kuq;a ft;sydisl idlaIswkqj l=ffrIa f.da;%slhska úiska uqia,sïjreka iu. tl`. jQ .súiqu W,a,x>kh lrñka ;umdlaIsl nkq nla¾ f.da;%slhskag wú yd ;u idudclhskaf.a iydh yd iyNd.s;ajh o ,nd foñkauqia,sïjreka iu. .súiqï .;j isá uqia,sï fkdjk nkq l=zidwd f.da;%slhskaj >d;kh lsÍuglghq;= lrk ,§' fï wkqj l=ffrIajreka úiska uqia,sïjreka iu. tl`. jQ .súiqu lv lsÍfïm<uq mshjr l=ffrIajreka úiska isÿ lrkq ,eîh'

fuu .egqu iïmq¾Kfhkau uqia,sï fkdjk f.da;%slhska w;r yg.;a tlls' uqia,sïjrekaf.awfmalaIdj uqia,sï fkdjkakka >d;kh lsÍula kï fuu ;;a;ajh ms<sn|j uqia,sïjrekag lrkakg;snQ jvd;a WÑ; mshjr jQfha ksy~ ksÍlaIlhska njg m;aùu muKs' kuq;a tl`. jQ .súiqï wdrlaIdlsÍu bia,dóh wdpdr O¾u w;r m%Odk ;ekla .efkkakla fyhska Tjqka iu. .súiqï .;j isáuqia,sï fkdjk nkq l=zidwd f.da;%slhskaf.a iydhg tau uqia,sïjrekaf.a j.lSula úh' uqia,sïNS;sld jHdmdßlhskaf.a uqidjdo m%pdrh ysre ÿgq msksì|la f,iska jdIam fldg yeÍug fuuft;sydisl i;Hh muKla m%udKj;ah' tfia mjiñka jvd;a iúia;rd;aul ú.%yhla my;skabÈßm;a lsÍug wfmalaId lrkafkuq'

fuys i|yka bia,dï úfrdaëkaf.a l%shdl,dmhka flf,ilj;a ulald k.rfha wdrlaIdji|yd fhda.Hh fkdjk nj by; i|yka lreKq j,ska ukdj meyeÈ,s fjhs' .súiqï lv lrñkaks;r m%ydrhka t,a, lrñka úYajdi fødayS f,i lghq;= lsÍu fya;=fjka Tjqka iu. iyjdih b;dwjodkï l%shdjla nj meyeÈ,sj fmfkkakg ;snq fyhska Tjqkag ulald k.rfhka bj;a ùug udiy;rla l,a fokq ,eîh' fuu l,a §u ms<sn|j i|yka w,a l=¾wdka jels ulaldfõ ckhdgmdrdhkh lr fmkaùug uqyïuoa ;=udKka úiska u§kd k.rfha isg ulald k.rhg ksfhdað;hskafofofkl= tjk ,§' fuu ld,h ;=< Tjqka bj;a jqjfyd;a Tjqka iu. .egqula we;slr .ekSfïwjYH;djla lsisfia;au Wod fkdfjhs' kuq;a tfia bj;a fkdù ulaldfõ /f|kakka ms<sn|jhs fuysi|yka jkafka' rfÜ kS;sh W,a,x>kh lrñka lghq;= lsÍu fuu msgqjy,a lsÍug m%Odk fya;=jhs'

by; idlÉPdjg n÷ka ù we;s w,a l=¾wdka jelsfha ikao¾Nh fj; wjOdkh fhduq lruq'

^9(1& ^fuh& wdfoaYlhska w;=ßka kqU,d ljfrl= iu. .súiqï we;s lr .;af;a o Tjqka fj; w,a,dyayd ;u riQ,ajrhdf.ka Ô¾uÿ;hdf.ka& jQ ksfodia ùu^ ms<sn|j m%ldYkh&ls'

^bia,dï úfrdaë l=ffrIa yd Tjqkaf.a iydhl f.da;%slhska iu. uqia,sïjreka igka úrdu idu.súiqula we;s lr f.k ;snq w;r th l=ffrIa md¾Yjfha nkq lskdkd f.da;%h yefrkakg tumd¾Yjfha wka iefjdu úiska W,a,x>kh fldg ;snqKs' uqia,sïjrekag tal md¾Yùhj .súiqula/lsh fkdyels fyhska thska bj;a ùfï m%ldYkh fuu jelsfhka m%isoaêhg m;a fldg we;'&ûq,dY%h ( ;kaù¾ w,a ñlandia ñka ;*aiS¾ bíkq wíndia&

^9(2& tneúka ^m%;slafIAmlhsksæ& isõ uila ^fuu ulalya& N+ñfhys kqU,d îs;a mßÈ& ießirjq' ;jokqU,d w,a,dyaj fkdyelshdjg m;a fkdlrkakkaa njo w,a,dya m%;slafIamlhskaj wjudkhg ,lalrkafkl= njo oek .ksjq'

^.súiqu lv lsÍu;a iu. jydu hqo m%ldYhla fkdfldg Tjqkag udi y;rl ld,hla ,nd §fukawmrdO isÿ l< msßi iïnkaOj hqla;s.rel f,i lghq;= lsÍug fuu jelsfhka Wmfoia § we;'.súiqu lv lrñka bia,dñlhskag i;=relï lrñka Tjqkaf.a ñ;% mdlaIslhska >d;kh l< msßims<sn|jhs fuys i|yka jkafka' bj;a ùug udi y;rla § ;snqK o Tjqkaf.a l=uka;%KldÍm%fhda.hka ms<sn|j úuis,sj;a jk f,i Wmfoia § ;sfí' fuys miqìu yd ikao¾Nh ms<sn|jwjfndaOhlska f;drj uqia,sï NS;sldj we;s lsÍu muKla wruqKq fldg f.k lghq;= lrk úgi;Hfhka neyerj woyia oelaùï fkdje<laúh yelalla fkdjk nj ms<s.kafkuq' Tjqkag bj;ajkakg ÿka ksfhda.h ráka msgqjy,a lsÍula fkdfõ' fuu ld, jljdkqj jk úg ulald m%foaYh ouqia,sï rdcHfha fldgilaj mej;sKs' fuu wmrdOlrejkag bj;a jkakg Wmfoia § ;snqfKa w;s


fm!rdKsl tfukau uqia,sïjrekaf.a w;s W;a;Í;r ulaldfõ msysá m,a,sh yd ta wjg we;s mqKHN+ñ m%foaYfhka muKs' w;s úYd, tu W;=ï yd fm!rdKsl m,a,sh fj; wd.ñl lghq;= i|ydmeñfKk ckhdf.a wdrlaIdj iy;sl lsÍu msKsi kS;s úfrdaë l%shdjkays kshef,ñka lghq;= lrkfuu msßi tu m%foaYfhka bj;a lsÍfï wjYH;djlaj ;snqKs' to;a wo;a ulaldj wi, msysá ðoaodjeks k.rhkays uqia,sïfkdjkakka Ôj;a ùu oelsh yel'&

^9(3& ;jo ^fuh& wdfoaYlhskaf.ka w,a,dya o Tyqf.a riQ,ajrhd o ksfodia jQ nj w;s uy;a jQ yÊÈkfhys ckhd fj; w,a,dyaf.ka yd Tyqf.a riQ,ajrhdf.ka jQ oekaùuls' tneúka kqU,dmYapd;a;dm ^ù w,a,dya fj; fhduq& jQfhyq kï th kqU,dg hym;ah' ;jo kqU,d ^w,a,dyag&msgqmEfjyq kï kqU,d w,a,dyaj fkdyelshdjg m;a fkdlrkakkaa nj oek .ksjq' ;jo ^kìjrh"&m%;slafIam l<jqkg fõokSh o~qjula ms<sn|j Y=NdrxÑ mjijq'

^.súiqï lv lrñka idmrdë l%shdjkays kshe¨Kq idyisl msßig ;u fkdukd l%shdjka ms<sn|miq;eú,s ù i;=relñka bj;ajk f,i fuu w,a l=¾wdka jelsfhka okajd we;' Tjqkaf.al=uka;%KldÍ l%shd u.ska w,a,dyaf.a wNsu;h mrdch lsÍug fkdyels nj;a .súiqï lv lrñkañksia >d;k wd§ idmrdë l%shdjkays È.ska È.gu kshef<kakkag tfrysj o~qqjï ,nd fokiy;slh o fuu.ska ,nd § we;'&

^9(4& ^kuq;a& wdfoaYlhska w;=ßka kqU,d ljqreka iu. .súiqï we;s lr f.k miqj ^tu .súiqfuys&kqU,dg Tjqka lsisjla wvq fkdlr kqU,dg tfrysj lsisfjl=g Woõ fkdlr isáhjqkag yerh'tneúka Tjqkaf.a .súiqu Tjqkaf.a ld,h ^wjika jk& f;la Tjqkg kqU,d iïmQ¾K lrjq'ieneúkau w,a,dya ìh Nla;slhskaj m%sh lrkafkah'

^fuhg fmr jelsfhys i|yka o~qqjï §u iSud fldg we;af;a tl`. jQ .súiqï lv lrñkauqia,sïjrekag tfrysj lghq;= l< bia,dï úfrdaëkag muKs' fuu jelsfhka uqia,sïjreka iu..súiqï .; ù uqia,sïjrekag tfrysj fyda uqia,sïjrekaf.a i;=rkag iydh olajñka lghq;= fkdl<ms<su jkaokfhys fhÿKq uqia,sï fkdjk msßi iu. tu .súiqï wkqj lghq;= fldg Tjqkagidufhka isàug wjldYh ,nd §u uqia,sïjrekaf.a j.lSula nj wjOdrKh lrhs' fuu uqia,sïfkdjk msßi uqia,sïjreka iu. .súiqï w;aika fldg bkamiq tys lsisu fldkafoaishla lvfkdl<d fukau uqia,sïjrekaf.a wfkl=;a i;=rkag uqia,sïjrekag tfrysj Wmldr fkdl< msßihs'Tjqka .súiqfï fldkafoais lv fkdl<dla fuka uqia,sïjreka o th wdrlaId lrñka ta wkqj lghq;=l< hq;= nj Wmfoia ,nd § we;'&

^9(5& Y=oaO jQ udihka blau jQ miq ^kqU,d iu. hqo je§ isák& wdfoaYlhskaj kqU,d ÿgq ;ek urdoujq' ;jo Tjqkaj w,a,d .ksjq' ;jo Tjqkaj jg,d .ksjq' kqU,d iEu úmrñka isáh hq;=ia:dkhlu Tjqka fjkqfjka îe`.ù& jdäù isájq' túg Tjqka ^m%;slafIamfhka bj;a ù& mYapd;a;dmù i,d;h ^ffoKsl miafõ, keuÿu& ia:dms; lr zild;a ^ÿ`.Skag msßkuk wksjd¾Hh jQ oka§u& o,nd ÿkafka kï Tjqkaf.a uf.ys Tjqkaj w; yer oujq' ieneúkau w,a,dya w;s laIudYS,Sh' mrulreKdNß;h'

^fuu mßÉfþofha fndfyda jels wod< jkafka l%s' j' yhjk ishjfia tla;rd ksYaÑ; wmrdOldÍmsßila tl. jQ .súiqï lv lrñka ñksia >d;k wdÈh isÿlrñka iudc úfrdaë whqßka l%shd lsÍuiïnkaOfhks' fuu jels ieuod ieug ieu úg wod< jk f,ila olajñka bia,dï úfrdaëm%pdrlhska f.k hkafka i;Hh jYfhkau b;d lmá yd oafõY iy.; m%pdrhls' t,a'à'à'B';%ia;jd§ .egqu mej;s wjêfha ls,sfkdÉÑhg myr fok f,i yuqod m%OdkSka ksfhda.hla ksl=;afldg ;sìh yel' fuu ksfhda.h wod< jkafka tu ;%ia;jd§ l%shd mej;s ksYaÑ; ft;sydislikao¾Nhl ksYaÑ; msßilg tfrysj muKs' ;u ksfhda. mqia;lfha ls,sfkdÉÑhg myr §ugksfhda.hla we;s nj mjiñka tu .egqï wjika jQ j¾;udkfha yuqod m%Odksfhl= kej;ls,sfkdÉÑhg myr §ug lghq;= l<fyd;a jydu tu ks<Odßhdj udkisl frday,l m%;sldr i|ydfhduq lrkq fkdwkqudkh' tf,iu tla;rd ksYaÑ; msßilf.a wmrdOldÍ l%shd iïnkaOfhkaksYaÑ; ft;sydisl ikao¾Nhla ;=< l%shd lsÍug wod< w,a l=¾wdka jels ieug ieuod ieu úg wod<jk Wmfoia hehs hfula yqjd olajkakg lghq;= lrkafka o wksjd¾hfhkau Tjqkaj o udkislm%;sldr i|yd fhduq l< hq;= fjkjd fkdfõ o@&


^9(6& ;jo wdfoaYlhska w;=ßka flfkl= kqUf.ka wNh me;=fõ kï w,a,dyaf.a joka j,g Tyqijka fok ;=re kqU Tyqg wNh ,nd fojq' miqj Tyqj Tyqf.a wdrlaIl ia:dkhlg fiakaÿ lrjjq'th ûlaksido h;a& Tjqka ôyu ms<sn|j& fkdoekqj;a msßila fya;=fjks'

^fuu jelsh u.ska o bia,duh ms<sn| wj,dod;aul m%pdr bÈßm;a lrkakkaf.a mokï úrys;fpdaokd iyuq,skau ì| jeà hhs' by; miajk jelsfhka W.kajkafka ms<su jkaokdlrejkaiefjdu ieuod >d;kh lsÍfï m%;sm;a;shla nj fkdoekqj;a lñka mjikakka fuu jelsfhkaW.kajk W;a;Í;r m%;sm;a;sh flfrys wjOdkh fhduq lrkafka kï fhfyleZhs fhdackdlrkafkuq' uqia,sïjreka iu. b;d oreKq whqßka igka je§ isá bia,dï úfrdaêfhla /ljrK m;disáfha kï m<uqj Tyqg w,a l=¾wdkfha joka j,g ijka §ug wjia:djla ,nd § Tyqg wdrlaIdjwe;s ia:dkhla lrd fhduq lrk f,i fuu jelsfhka Wmfoia § we;' hqo wdpdr O¾u ms<sn| l;dlrkakka fmdÿfõ bÈßm;a lrkafka ;ukag hgy;a jk i;=re fin<d isrNdrhg f.k lghq;=lsÍfï m%;sm;a;shls' kuq;a bia,dufha hqo wdpdr O¾u wkqj i;=re fin<d hgy;a jqjfyd;a TyqgwdrlaIdj iy;sl jk ia:dkhlg f.k f.dia uqod yeÍu tla m%;sm;a;shla nj fuhska meyeÈ<s fõ'fuys § w,a l=¾wdka jels j,g ijka §ug bv yeÍu hkafkka woyia jkafka Tyqj bia,duhgyrjd .ekSfï jxl W;aidyhla nj mejiSug bv we;' th tfia lrkq ,nkafka Tyq igka fldgwe;af;a i;Hhg tfrysj nj fmkakqï lsÍug úkd wúpdrj;a wkaoñka wd.ï fjkia lsÍfïW;aidyhla i|yd fkdjk nj wd.ñl ksoyi ms<sn| bÈßm;a l< úúO jels j,ska wjfndaO lrf.k we;eZhs is;kafkuq'

tfyhska f,dj lsisÿ ms<sfj;l fkdue;s W;a;Í;r b.ekaùï wkqj bia,dóh u. fmkaùuieliS we;s nj fuhska meyeÈ<s jkq we;eZhs úYajdi lrkafkuq'&

^9(7& ^wdfoaYlhska w;=ßka& uiaðÿ,a yrdï ûlaldfõ msysá bmerKs m%Odk uiaðoh& wìhi kqU,d.súiqula we;s lr .;a;jqka îu.& ñi ^wka& wdfoaYlhskag w,a,dya wìhi o ;u riQ,ajrhd wìhio .súiqula ;sìh yelafla flfia o@ tneúka Tjqka kqU,d iu. ^.súiqfï fldkafoais ms<smÈñka& RcQf,i lghq;= lrk ;dlal,a kqU,d Tjqka iu. RcQ f,i lghq;= lrjq' ieneúkau w,a,dya ìhNla;slhskaj ms%h lrkafkah'

ûqia,sïjreka iu. we;s lr.;a .súiqï lsysm úglau W,a,x>kh lrñka uqia,sïjreka iu. igkgmsúis uqia,sï úfrdaëka iu. .súiqula ;sìh yelafla flfia o@ .súiqula h:d¾:hla ùu i|ydfomd¾Yjhu tys fldkafoais ms<sf.k tajd ms<smeÈh hq;= fjhs' uqia,sïjrekag muKla wks;amd¾Yjh úiska wuq wuqfõ W,a,x>kh lrkq ,nk .súiqula tal md¾Yùhj ms<s.ekSfï ydl%shd;aul lsÍfï j.lSula ;sìh fkdyel' fuu jelsfhka Wmfoia § we;af;a .súiqï lv fkdfldgwjxl f,i lghq;= l< uqia,sï fkdjkakkaf.a .súiqï wdrlaId lrñka uqia,sïjreka o lghq;= l<hq;= njh'&

^9(8& kqU,dg tfrysj Tjqka ch ,enqfõ kï kqU,d ;=< we;s {d;s iïnkaOlu o .súiqu o Tjqkaie,ls,a,g fkd.ksñka isáh§ ^kqU,d yd Tjqka w;r .súiqula we;s úh yelafla& flfia [email protected] uqúka Tjqyq kqU,dj ;Dma;shg m;a lr;s' ^kuq;a& Tjqkaf.a yoj;a ^th& msgqmd;s' ;joTjqkaf.ka fndfyda fokd mdm;rhskah'

^fuhg by; jelsh ms<sn| bÈßm;a l< jelsfha ú.%yh wkqj fuh .súiqï lv fldg uqia,sïjrekajwdl%uKh lsÍug lghq;= l< msßi iïnkaOfhks' Tjqkg iq¿ jYfhka fyda ch.%dyS by<;;a;ajhla we;s nj ye`.S .sh iEu úgu {d;s in|;djla fyda .súiqula fyda lsis úfgl ie<ls,a,gfkdf.k .egqïldÍ whqßka lghq;= lsÍu Tjqkaf.a ms<sfj; njg m;a ù ;snqKq nj fuhska meyeÈ<sflf¾'&

^9(9& Tjqka w,a,dyaf.a joka fjkqjg iq¿ jákdlula .;af;dah' ;jo Tyqf.a^w,a,dya& ud¾.fhka^ckhskaj& je<elajqfjdah' ieneúkau Tjqka lrñka isá oE kmqre úh'

ûlaldjdiS bia,dï úfrdaëkaf.a m%Odk wruqK ù ;snqfKa ckhdj bia,dufhka j<lajd,Sug lghq;=lsÍuh'&

^9(10& úYajdislfhl=f.a úIfhys {d;s iïnkaOlu o .súiqu o Tjqka ie,ls,a,g fkd.kafkdah';jo iSudj blaujd hkafkda Tjqkauh'


^9(11& Tjqka ^m%;slafIamfhka bj;a ù& mYapd;a;dm ù i,d;h ia:dms; lr zild;a ^ÿ`.Skag msßkukwksjd¾Hh jQ oka§u& o ,nd ÿkafka kï oyfuys ^Tjqka& kqU,df.a ifydaorhskah' ;jo wms oekque;smsßilg ^wmf.a& joka meyeÈ,s lrkafkuq'

^9(12& ;jo Tjqka ;u .súiqfuka miq Tjqkaf.a m%;s{djka lv lr kqU,df.a oyug kskaod we;s lf<akï m%;slafIamfha m%OdkSka iu. kqU,d hqo jÈjq' ieneúkau Tjqkg lsisÿ m%;s{djka fkdue;'^tfia kï& Tjqka ^Tjqkaf.a fuu ms<sfj;ska& je<lsh yelaflah'

^9(13& ;ukaf.a m%;s{djka lv lr ^;u& riQ,ajrhdj ûõ ìfuka& msgqjy,a lsÍug iaÓrj wÈgka lrm%:ufhka kqU,d iu. ^hqo je§ug& wdrïN l< msßila iu. kqU,d igka l< hq;= fkdfõ o@kqU,d Tjqkg ìh jkafkyq o@ kqU,d úYajdislhskaj isáfhyq kï w,a,dya" Tyquh kqU,dìhjkakg b;d iqÿiaid jkqfha'

^.súiqï lv lsÍu" uqyïuoa ;=udKkaj yd uqia,sïjrekaj msgqjy,a lsÍu yd m<uq m%ydrh isÿlsÍu ulaldjdiS uqia,sï fkdjkakkag tfrysj 5 jk jelsfha i|yka hqo ;;a;ajh i|yd fya;=idOl jQ nj fuhska ukd f,i meyeÈ,s fjhs' fujka ;;a;ajhla ;=< i;=rd iu. hqo lsÍu yerfjk;a úl,amhla we;s oeZhs úuikakg leue;af;uq' kuq;a fuu mßÉfþofha miajeks jelshmuKla yqjd olajñka w,a l=¾wdkh ishü uqia,sï fkdjkakkaj ÿgq ;ek >d;kh lsÍugwkque;sh § we;s nj mjiñka uqia,sï NS;sldjla f.dvke.Sug W;aidy lrkakka fl;rï nrm;<whqßka wd.ñl .%ka: úlD;s lsÍug lghq;= lr we;af;aoeZhs lreKdlr is;d n,kak' oyula fydatu oyu wkq.ukh lrkakka flfrys uqidjdoh u; muKla mokï ù ffjrhla" fl%daOhla we;slsÍug lghq;= lrkakka fl;rï msßySulg m;a ù we;s msßila o hkak by; ú.%yhka úpdrYS,Sjyd nqoaêu;a whqßka úu¾Ykh lrkafkl=g b;d meyeÈ<s whqßka fmkS hkq we;eZhs úYajdilrkafkuq'&

^13& fpdaokdj (

9(14 —ms<su jkaokdlrejkag iy nyqfoajjd§kag úreoaOj igka lrkak' tf,i w,a,d úiska Tnûqia,sï jreka& ,jd Tjqkaj úkdY lrkq we;' tfiau w,a,d úiska Tn ,jd Tjqkg wjuka fldgTjqkaj ks.%y fldg" Tjqkag tfrysj uqia,sïjrekag ch.%yKh w;alr fokq ,nhs' fuf,i Tjqkagtfrysj Tn,df.a yoj;a ;=, lelEfrk ffjrh ixis÷jkq we;'˜

ú.%yh ( m<uqj fuu l=¾wdka jelsfha ksjerÈ isxy, w¾: oelaùu fj; wjOdkh fhduq lruq'

—kqU,d Tjqka iu. hqo jÈjq' w,a,dya kqU,df.a w;a u.ska Tjqkg o~qjï lrkafkah' ;jo Tjqkajwjuka lrkafkah' ;jo Tyq Tjqkag tfrysj kqU,dg Woõ lrkafkah' ;jo Tyq úYajdisl msßif.ayoj;a ikikafkah'˜ ^w,a l=¾wdka 9(14&

fuu jelsh w,a l=¾wdka 9(5 jk jelsfha mgka i|yka jk isoaêhg wod< jelshls' fuhznkQ nla¾Z yd znkQ l=zidwdZ keue;s f.da;%hka folla w;r we;s jQ hqo .egqu ms<sn| i|yka lrhs'fuu f.da;%hka folu uqia,sï fkdjQ wdfoaYlhskaj isá w;r znkQ nla¾Z kï f.da;%h ulaldfõwdfoaYlhska iu. .súiqfuka ne÷Kq wh f,i yd znkQ l=zidwdZ kï f.da;%h uqia,sïjreka iu..súiqfuka ne÷Kq wh f,i isáfhdah' ysÊß ih jeks j¾Ifha uqia,sïjreka yd ulaldfõwdfoaYlhska w;r isÿ jQ idu .súiqfuys zfuu .súiqu fuu f.da;%hka fol flfrys o ls%hd;aulúh' tneúka tld wfkldg lsisÿ wmrdOhla fkdl< hq;=h'Z hkafkka i|yka ù ;snqKs' tkuq;aulaldfõ wdfoaYlhska iu. .súiqfuka ne÷Kq wh jk nkQ nla¾jreka uqia,sïjreka iu..súiqfuka ne÷Kq wh jk nkQ l=zidwdjrekag m%dKhka wdrlaId l< hq;= Y=oaO jQ uiaðÿ,a yrïiSudj ;=< § mjd myr § urd oukakg jQy' fuu .egqfï § ulaldfõ wdfoaYlhska ;uka iu..súiqfuka ne÷Kq wh jk nkQ nla¾jrekag wdhqO imhd Woõ lr fuu .egqfuys yjq,alrejka njgo m;a jQy' tneúka uqia,sïjreka iu. lr .;a .súiqu lv lr Tjqkag yd Tjqka iu. .súiqfukane÷Kq f.da;%hg wmrdO l< tu wdfoaYlhskag tfrysj w,a,dya Woõ lr fudjqka l< wmrdOhfya;=fjka l=uk .skakla nkQ l=zidwdjrekaf.a yoj;a ;=< oeù ;snqfKa o th ksjd oud Tjqkaf.ayoj;a isis,a lrk njg w,a,dya ÿka m%;s{dj okajñka fuu jelsh my< úh'



—uqia,sïjreks" kqU,d wdikakfha fjfik uqia,sï fkdjk ckhdg tfrysj l,flda,yd,we;slrkak' Tjqkag myr fokak' tfiau" kqU,df.a idyisl nj Tjqkag oefkk f,i lghq;=lrkak' tfiau w,a,dya isákafka W;a;u $ Y%oaOd jka; ^tkï tf,i uqia,sï fkdjk ckhdgtfrysj igka lrk& uqia,sïjreka iu. nj oek.kak˜'

ú.%yh ( m<uqj fuu l=¾wdka jelsfha ksjerÈ isxy, w¾: oelaùu flfrys wjOdkh fhduq lruq'

—úYajdi l<jqks" m%;slafIamlhska w;=ßka kqU,d wjg isákakjqka iu. hqo jÈjq' ;jo Tjqka kqU,d;=< oeäNdjh oel .; hq;=h' ;jo w,a,dya ìh Nla;slhska iu. hehs kqU,d oek .ksjq'˜ ^w,al=¾wdka 9(123&

fuu jelsfhys w,a,dya uqia,sïjrekag igka lrk fuka úOdkh fldg we;af;a ;ukagwi,ska isá tkï ulaldfõ fjfik ;ukag ysxid wmrdO l< m%;slafIamlhskag yd Tjqka iu..súiqfuka ne÷Kq f.da;%hkag tfrysjh' Tjqka uqia,sïjrekag l< ysxid wmrdOhka b;sydifhysfkdie`.jQjlah' fuu jelsfhys fmdÿfõ ish¨ m%;slafIamlhskag tfrysj igka lrk fuka w,a,dyawK lr ;snqfKa kï u§kdjg wi,ska fjfik m%;slafIamlhskag tfrysj igka jÈk fuka úOdkhfkdfldg fmdÿfõ m%;slafIamlhskag tfrysj igka lrk fuka wK lrkakg ;snqKs' ukaoh;au§kdj ;=< o m%;slafIamlhska yd wdfoaYlhska jdih lrñka isáfhdah' tmuKla fkdj zIdï"fhukaZ jeks ÿßka msysá rgj,a j,ska o u§kdj yd u§kdj wjg m%foaYhka j,g m%;slafIamlhskajHdmdr i|yd meñfKñka isáfhdah' fuu úOdkh iEu m%;slafIamlfhl=gu tfrysj ;snqfKa kïÿr isg meñfKk fudjqkag tfrysj o igfkys fhfokakg úOdkh lrkakg ;snqKs' kuq;a igkalrk fuka úOdkh lr we;af;a uqia,sïjrekaj {d;s;ajh fkdi,ld ;jo Tjqka iu. lr .;a idu.súiqu fkdi,ld Tjqkag tfrysj fkdfhl=;a whqßka myr ÿka ulaldfõ isák tum%;slafIamlhskag tfrysjh'

fuys wm wjOdkh fhduq l< hq;= lreKla kï fuu jelsfhys z.s,a<yaZ hk moh Ndú;fldg we;' thg zr¿ núka yeisÍuZ hk w¾:h o we;s w;r thg oeä nj" Yla;su;a nj hk w¾: o;sfí' fuu jelsfhys fuu moh ;=<ska m<uqjk w¾:h woyia fkdlrk w;r fojk w¾:h woyiaflf¾ hkak wksjd¾hfhkau wjfndaO lr .; hq;= lreKls' —Tjqka kqU,d ;=< oeäNdjh oel .;hq;=hs'˜ hk jelsh okajkafka zoeä nj" Yla;su;a nj kqU,d ;=< ;sìh hq;=hs' tneúka kqU,dgtfrysj hqo jÈkakka kqU,dg myr §ug fyda kqU,dj ieye,a¨ f,i is;Sug fyda ffO¾hhlafkdue;s jk whqßka kqU,d ;=< Yla;su;a njla yd .dïNSr;ajhla Tjqkg ye`.sh hq;=hs'Z hkakhs'´kEu iuQQyhla ;j;a iuQyhla iu. n,y;aldr lñka wmrdê;j yeisÍu Tjqkaf.a whs;SkaW,a,x>kh lsÍula nj meyeÈ,s jQjls' tfy;a zhï iuQyhla wka wh ;ukag wmrdOhla lsÍugffO¾hhla fkdjk whqßka ;u .dïNSr;ajh wdrlaId lr .ekSu ;ukag wh;a whs;Skaf.ka tlls'Zhkak o meyeÈ,s jQjls'

^15& fpdaokdj ( iySya w,a nqydÍ 1(2(24 ^kì ;=udf.a fufyjr m%ldYh&

—fudfyduoa foaYkd l<d zishü ñksiqka ,d b,dyd b,a,,a,dyaZ ^tkï w,a,dya yer fjk;a lsisufoúfhl= ke;' w,a,dya yer fjk;a lsisu foúfhl=g fyda wd.ulg jkaokdudk ,eîug whs;shlake;& hk jelsh lshd Èjqrk ;=re ^tkï bia,duh je<| .kakd ;=re& Tjqkag úreoaOj l,flda,dy, $ igka l< hq;= njg ^w,a,dya úiska& ksfhda. fldg we;' tfia Èõrk ^tkï" bia,duhje<| .kakd ;=re& ljfrl=f.a fyda muKla Ôú;h iy Tyqf.a fofmd, wdrlaId jkq we;'˜

ú.%yh ( by; y§ia jelsfha ksjerÈ mßj¾;kh fj; fhduq fjuq' by;ska olajd we;af;a tu kì

jofka fldgils' tys iïmQ¾K fldgi my; i|yka whqßks'

—w,a,dya yer keuÿug iqÿiq wka lsisfjl= fkdue;' uqyïuoa w,a,dyaf.a .e;a;d yd O¾u ÿ;hdhkak m%ldY lrk ;=re yd zi,d;hZ ^miafõ, keuÿu& ia:dms; fldg zild;hZ ^ÿ.Skag msßkeñh


hq;= wksjd¾h oka§u& fok ;=re ckhd iu. igka lsÍug ^w,a,dya úiska& ug ksfhda. fldg we;'Tjqka tfia lrkafka kï bia,dñh kS;shg wkqj yer Tjqkaf.a jia;=j yd Ôú; uf.ka wdrlaIdiys;h' Tjqkaf.a l%shd ms<sn| .sKqu w,a,dya i;=h'˜ îySya nqydß - 4 jk fj¿u" y§ia wxl 196&

uqyïuoa ;=udKkaf.a fuu m%ldYkh ms<sn|j úuiSula lsÍfï § zhqld;s,aZ yd zwla;=,Z hkwrdì mohkays ksjerÈ w¾:h wm úiska m<uqj wjfndaO lr .ekSu w;HdjYH fjhs' zhqld;s,aZhkafkys w¾:h zigka lsÍugZ hkak jk w;r zwla;=,Z hkafkys w¾:h z>d;kh lsÍugZ hkakh'fuu m%ldYkfha fhdod we;af;a zhqld;s,aZ kï moh jk w;r thska woyia jkafka bia,duh ;=<skaÈjHuh i;Hh wjfndaO lr .ekSug lghq;= lrk ckhd j<ld,k n,fõ. iu. igkl^wr.,hl& fh§uhs' fuu igk ikakoaO igklau muKla hehs wre;la Èh fkdyel' whqla;sh"widOdrKh" ÿIaglï" ysxikh yd l<ylï jeks iudc hym;g ydkslr ish¨ lghq;= j,gtfrysj lrkakd jQ bia,dóh wr.,h fuu jokska wre;a .ekaúh yel'

cd;sl yd cd;Hka;r bia,dï úfrdaë fjí wvú yd wfkl=;a iudc udOHhka by; uqyïuoa;=udKkaf.a m%ldYkh ^y§ia jelsh& Wmqgd olajñka bia,duh ish¨ wdpdrO¾ó ms<sfj;a W,a,x>khlrñka n,h yd Ôú; ;¾ck bÈßm;a lrñka ckhd bia,dï oyu fj; yrjd .ekSug lghq;= lrknjg fpdaokdjla bÈßm;a lrhs' kuq;a fuu m%ldYkhg mokï jQ ft;sydisl miqìu fukau tysksjerÈ w¾:h úuid ne,Sfï § fujeks fpdaokdjla u;= lsÍug lsisÿ yelshdjla fkdue;s njb;du;au meyeÈ,s whqßka olakg we;' tfyhska m<uqj fuu y§ia jelsfha miqìu úuid n,uq'

miqìu

wdrïNl fukau kQ;k bia,dóh úoaj;=kaf.a u;h wkqj fuu m%ldYkh lrk ,oafoabia,dï úfrdaëka úiska ks;r Wmqgd olajkq ,nk w,a l=¾wdkfha kj jk mßÉfþofha mia jeksjelsfha i|yka hqo .egqu iïnkaOj h' ûq,dY%h( bíka l;S¾ w,a l=¾wdka újrKh 4 jk fj¿u377 jeks msgqj - bíka cqihs w,a l=¾wdka újrKh http://bewley.virtualave.net/tawbai.html&' wm úiska w,al=¾wdkfha 9 jk mßÉfþofha 5 jeks jelsh ms<sn|j u;= fldg ;snQ ish¨ mokï úrys; fpdaokdms<sn| b;du ksjerÈ ú.%yhka bÈßm;a fldg we;af;uq' fuu jelsfhka i|yka fldg we;s hqo;;a;ajh we;s jkafka ulaldys úiq l=ffrIa f.da;%sl m%;slafIamlhska úiska uqia,sïjreka iu. t<Uisá igka úrdu .súiqu lv lrñka uqia,sïjreka iu. .súiqï w;aika fldg isá uqia,sï fkdjkck fldÜGdYhlg tfrysj idmrdë f,i ñksia >d;k isÿ lrñka lghq;= lsÍug bÈßm;a ùumiqìï fldg f.kh'

fuu .egqu iïmq¾Kfhkau uqia,sï fkdjk f.da;%slhska w;r yg.;a tlls' uqia,sïjrekaf.awfmalaIdj uqia,sï fkdjkakka >d;kh lsÍula kï fuu ;;a;ajh ms<sn|j uqia,sïjrekag lrkakg;snQ jvd;a WÑ; mshjr jQfha ksy~ ksÍlaIlhska njg m;aùu mu‚' kuq;a tlÕ jQ .súiqï wdrlaIdlsÍu bia,dóh wdpdr O¾u w;r m%Odk ;ekla .efkkakla fyhska Tjqka iu. .súiqï .;j isáuqia,sï fkdjk nkq l=idwd f.da;%slhskaf.a iydhg tau uqia,sïjrekaf.a j.lSula úh' uqia,sïNS;sld jHdmdßlhskaf.a uqidjdo m%pdrh ysre ÿgq msksì|la f,iska jdIam fldg yeÍug fuuft;sydisl i;Hh muKla m%udKj;a h' tfia mjiñka fuu w,a l=¾wdka jelshg wod<j isÿ jQ hqo;;a;ajh ms<sn|j uqyïuoa ;=udKka úiska lrk ,o by; m%ldYkh .ek jvd;a iúia;rd;aulú.%yhla my;ska bÈßm;a fldg we;af;uq'

ú.%yh (

fuu y§ia jelsfha u;fNaod;aul fldgi f,i we;euqka olskafka —w,a,dya yer keuÿugiqÿiq wka lsisfjl= fkdue;" uqyïuoa w,a,dyaf.a .e;a;d yd O¾u ÿ;hd hkak m%ldY lrk ;=re ydzi,d;hZ^miafõ, keuÿu& ia:dms; fldg zild;hZ^ÿ.Skag msßkeñh hq;= wksjd¾h oka§u& fok ;=reckhd iu. igka lsÍug ^w,a,dya úiska& ug ksfhda. fldg we;˜ hk fldgi ms<sn|jh' we;eïúfõplhska olajk u;h wkqj uqyïuoa ;=udKka yd t;=udKkaf.a iy.dóka úiska wrdìlrfhackhdg lvqj È.= lrñka bia,duh je<| .kakd f,i Ôú; ;¾ck we;s lrñka lghq;= l< nj oi|yka lr;s' fuu wrefudaiï u;h we;eï m%dÖk Ydia;%{hska yd bia,dï úfrdaëka úiska álld,hla ckhd w;f¾ wf,ú lrñka uqia,sïjreka ms<sn| mokï úrys; ìhla yd ms<sl=,la we;slsÍug lghq;= l<y' kuq;a fuu y§ia jelsfha ksjerÈ w¾: oelaùu wkqj jir 1400 lg muKfmr t<U isá .súiqï lv lrñka" bia,dñlhska iu. .súiqï .;j isá uqia,sï fkdjk msßi


idyisl whqßka >d;kh lrñka yd jir 10l muK uqia,sïjrekaf.a ulald ld, jljdkqfõ ydbka miqj u§kd k.rfha wdrïN jQ bia,dóh ckrchg tfrysj;a lghq;= l< l=ffrIa f.da;%slm%;slafIamlhska ms<sn|j ;SrKd;aul mshjrla .ekSfï wjYH;dj bia,dóh kdhlhska fj;n,lrkq ,eîh' fuu y§ia jelshg mdol jQ w,a l=¾wdkfha 9 jk mßÉfþofha jels ú.%y lsÍfï §my; i|yka úl,amhka ;=k Tjqka fj; bÈßm;a lrk ,o nj olakg we;'

1' ish¨ idmrdë l%shdjkaf.ka je<lS wú ìu ;nd bia,dóh rdcHfha iduldó mqrjeishka f,iÔj;a ùu fyda"

2' bia,duh je<| .ekSu fyda"

3' by; i|yka lsisÿ fldkafoaishla ms<sfkd.kafka kï udi y;rl ld,hla ;=< bia,dóh rdcHmd,k m%foaYfhka bj;aj hEu'

wm úiska wjOdkh fhduq l< hq;= jeo.;a lreKla jkqfha úfYaIfhkau ulald k.rfhaÔj;a jQ jir 10l ld, jljdkqfõ yd bka miqj;a uqia,sï ckhdg l< yels ish¨ wdldrfhaidmrdë l%shdjkays kshe¨Kq ulaldjdiS l=ffrIa f.da;%slhska ms<sn|j ulald k.rh uqia,sïjrekaf.amd,khg m;a jQ wjia:dfõ uqyïuoa ;=udKka l%shd l< wdldrh ms<sn|jh'

uqyïuoa ;=udKka ;ukaf.a yuqodjg Wmfoia § ;snqfKa ;uka iu. wú .egqulg tk msßiiu. muKla igka lrk f,igh' bia,dufha mru i;=frl= jQ wnq iq*ahdka l=ffrIa f.da;%slhskaw;f¾ ms<s.;a kdhlfhla úh' ulald k.rh bia,dñlhskaf.a md,khg m;a jQ Èkfha uqyïuoa;=udKka l=ffrIa f.da;%slhskaj wu;ñka my; i|yka lreKq Tjqka fj; bÈßm;a lrk ,§'

1' wnq iq*ahdkaf.a ksjfia wdrlaIdj me;= msßi wdrlaIs;h'

2' wú ìu ;enQ msßi wdrlaIs;h'

3' ;u ksji ;=< /£ isáhjqka wdrlaIs;h'

uqia,sïjrekaf.a fY%aIaG;u ch.%yKh f,i ie,flk ulald k.rh ;u md,khg m;a jQÈkfha § ;uka b;du Yla;su;aj isá fudfydf;a § j;a lsisfjl=g bia,duh je<| .kakd f,in,lrkq fkd,eîh' hg;a jqKq ckhdg by; fldkafoais yer lsisjla bÈßm;a lrkq fkd,eîh'bia,dñlhskaj >d;kh fldg Tjqkag tfrysj l< yels ish¨ wdldrfha wmrdOhka isÿ lrñka ydw;s Nhdkl NSIKhla uqodyßñka lghq;= l< wmrdOldÍ l=ffrIa ckhd ;ukag b;d Nhdklo~qjï j,g uqyqK mdkakg isÿfõú hehs ìfhka ;e;s f.k isá wjia:dfõ uqyïuoa ;=udKkaf.awduka;%Khg we;=<;a jQ my; i|yka fldgi t;=udKkaf.a fY%aIaG;ajh jvd;a biau;= lrfmkajhs'

—wo Èk kqU,d ish¨ fokdu ksoyia h' kqU,d fj; lsisÿ fpdaokdjla bÈßm;a lrkq fkd,efí'uyd ldre‚l w,a,dya kqU,d ieug iudj fokq we;' w,a,dya ldre‚l;ajfha W,am;h'˜

fuu y§ia jelsh ms<sn| wksis ìhla we;s lsÍug b;d jxpksl whqßka lghq;= lrñka isákbia,dï úfrdaë msßi ;j;a y§ia uq,dY%hl i|yka fldgila Wmqgd oelaùu fÉ;kdkaÑ;j meyeryer we;s nj oelaúh hq;=j we;'

—w,a,dya yer keuÿug iqÿiq wka lsisfjl= fkdue;" uqyïuoa w,a,dyaf.a .e;a;d yd O¾u ÿ;hdhkak m%ldY lrk ;=re yd zi,d;hZ^miafõ keuÿu& ia:dms; fldg zild;h ^ÿ.Skag msßkeñh hq;=wksjd¾h oka§u&Z fok ;=re ckhd iu. igka lsÍug ^w,a,dya úiska& ug ksfhda. fldg we;' Tjqkatfia lrkafka kï bia,dñh kS;shg wkqj yer Tjqkaf.a jia;=j yd Ôú; uf.ka wdrlaId iys;h'Tjqkaf.a l%shd ms<sn| .sKqu w,a,dya i;=h hkqfjka mjid ^w,a l=¾wdkfha 88 jeks mßÉfþofha 21-22 jelsh jQ& —tneúka ^kìjrh"& kqU Wmfoia fojq' ieneúkau kqU yqfola Wmfoia fokafkl=muKh' ^22& Tjqka flfrys kqU n, lrkafkl= fkdfõ'˜ hehs mdrdhkh lr fmkajk ,§˜ ûq,dY%(;s¾ñ§ 5 jk fj¿u 44 jeks mßÉfþoh y§ia wxl 3341 - iysya uqia,sï 1 jk mßÉfþoh y§ia wxl35&'

oyu ms<sn|j lsisÿ wdldrhl n,mEula lsÍu w,a l=¾wdkfha b.ekaùï wkqj iyuq,skau;ykï l%shdjls' fï ms<sn|j by; wm i|yka lr we;af;uq'


fï ms<sn|j b;d m%dfhda.sl WodyrKhla Tnf.a wjOdkh ms‚i bÈßm;a lrkakgleue;af;uq' furg ;=, t,a'à'à'B' l%shdldrlï mej;s 2005 j¾Ifha§ wdrlaIl wxYh úiska W;=rgmyr fok f,i ksfhda.hla ksl=;a lsÍu idudkH isoaêhls' kuq;a fuhska woyia jkafka W;=f¾;%ia;jd§ l%shdldrlhskag tfrysj yuqod fufyhqula Èh;a lrk f,ih' thska Tíng;a isÿùï foiwjOdkh fhduq l< úg mqkre;a:dmkh jQ t,a'à'à'B' idudðlhska yd idudkH øúv ckhd flfrystu ksfhda.h lsisfia;au j,x.= fkdjk nj wm iefjdu okakd lreKls' fu wkqj tla ksYaÑ;wjia:djl ksYaÑ; fya;= mokï fldg f.k ksl=;a lrk ,o ksfhda. ieuod ieu úg ieug n,fkdmdk nj meyeÈ,s lreKls' by; ksfhda.h mokï lrf.k j¾I ishhlg miq W;=f¾ish¨ ckhd >d;kh lsÍug wdrlaIl wxYh úiska ksfhda.hla ksl=;a l< nj hfula mjikafkakï tys we;s w¾: úlD;s Ndjh wjfndaO lr .ekSu ´kEu wfhl=g l< yels fohls' fufia ;sìh§j¾I 1400 lg fmr ksYaÑ; fya;= u; mejiq m%ldYhla ft;sydisl ikao¾Nfhka neyerj flfiakï j¾;udkhg wod< fohla f,i yqjd olajkakg lghq;= l< yelafla o lshd wikakgleue;af;uq'

^16& fpdaokdj ( l=rdKh 2(190 i|yd tu msgqfõu miq jokla f,iska ðydvh i|yd imhd we;sw¾:l:kh'

—ðydâ hkq w,a,dyaf.a wruqKq fjkqfjka m%pKav;ajh ^;%ia;jdoh& iy mQ¾K n,h iy wdhqoikakoaOj w,a,dyaj iy fudfyduoaj ^tkï bia,duh& úYajdi fkdlrkakjqkag ^tkï wkHd.ñlck iudchg& úreoaO j uqia,sïjreka úiska l<hq;= jk Y=oaO jQ hqoaOhhs' ðydvh bia,dufha b;dujeo.;a jQ l%shdj,shls' th bia,dufha we;s tla n, lKqjls' ðydvh yryd bia,duh ia:dms;lrkafkah' th w,a,dyaf.a jpkhg W;a;Í;r Ndjh ,nd fokafkah' tfukau ðydvh u.skabia,duh m%p,s; lrkafkah' ðydvh w; yeßhfyd;a bia,duh úkdY jkafkah' tfiau uqia,sïjrekan, rys; fn,ySk ;;a;ajhg weo jefgkafkah' uqia,sïjrekaf.a wNsudkh $ wdvïnrlu $ n,uysuh ke;s jkafkah' Tjqkaf.a N+ñh wkHhka fidrlï lrkafkah' uqia,sïjrekaf.a n, wêldßhiy wkHh wd.ñlhska bia,duhg hg;a lr.ekSfï yelshdj úkdY ù hkafkah' ðydvh iEuuqia,sïjrfhl=f.au wksjd¾h hq;=lula iy nkaOkSh j.lSula h' lsisfjl= fyda tu j.lSuu`.yßkafka kï $ fkdlrkafka kï Tyq ñhhkafka ñ;Hd oDIaálfhl= f,ih˜'

ú.%yh ( m<uqj fuu 2(190 jk w,a l=¾wdka jelsfha ksjerÈ isxy, w¾: oelaùu flfrys wjOdkhfhduq lruq'

—ljfrl= kqU,d iu. hqo jÈkafka o Tjqka iu. w,a,dyaf.a ud¾.fhys kqU,d hqo jÈjq' kuq;akqU,d iSudj blaujd fkdhjq' ieneúkau w,a,dya iSudj blaujd hkakkaj m%sh fkdlrhs'˜ ^w,al=¾wdka 2(190&

nqoaêuh ixjdohl§ fujka b;d idjOH yd lsisÿ uq,dY%hla fkdue;s lreKq bÈßm;a lsÍufkdl< hq;a;ls' Tn ,smsfhys fuh w,a l=¾wdkfha 2(190 jeks jelshg w¾: l:khla f,i olajdwe;' fuys uq,dY%h l=ula o@ flfia kuq;a fuys w,a l=¾wdka 2(190 jelsh yd bia,dufha ixl,amhlajQ ðydoh ms<sn| b;du idjOH woyia lsysmhla olajd we;' tfyhska fuu idOl fol mokïlrf.k ú.%yhla bÈßm;a lrkakg wfmalaId lrkafkuq'

tfukau —ðydoh˜ hkq —Y=oaO jQ hqoaOh˜ hehs wi;H w¾:l:kh f,dj yuqfõ ;eîugW;aidy lrk nj fmkS hkafkuq' zðydoaZ hk moh Y=oaO hqoaOh fkdfyd;a zHoly WarZ hkqfjkabia,dï fkdjkakka w;r m%isoaO jQjo zHoly WarZ hkafkys ienE wrdì mßj¾;kh jQ zy¾íuqLoaoidZ hk moh w,a l=¾wdkfha fyda kì joka lsisjl fyda i|yka ù fkdue;' bia,dóhms<sfj;a" p¾hd fyda kS;s .%ka:hkays o fuu jpkh olakg fkdue;' wjdikdjg udOH úiska ðydoahk jpkhg iudkd¾: mohka f,i Y=oaO hqoaOh" O¾u hqoaOh hkdÈh Wmfhda.s lr f.k we;'Y=oaO hqoaOh hk moh uq,a jrg Ndú;hg tkafka ls;=kqjkaf.a l%shdldrlï uq,a lrf.kh' fïms<sn|j î'î'iS' wdh;kh olajd we;s f;dr;=re fj; wmf.a wjOdkh fhduq lruq'


—y¾nka II mdma ;=ud úiska Y=oaO N+ñfha mQckSh ia:dkhka w;am;a lr .ekSu wruqKq fldg f.kj¾I 1095 § uqia,sïjrekag tfrysj wdrïN lrk ,o ikakoaO yuqod fufyhqu (Crusades) Y=oaOhqoaOh (Holy War) kñka y÷kajk ,§' (http://www.bbc.co.uk/ethics/war/religious/holywar.shtml)

fï wkqj zY=oaO hqoaOhZ hkq uqia,sïjrekag tfrysj wdrïN lrk ,oaola ñi lsisfia;auuqia,sïjrekaf.a l%shdldrlula fkdjk nj meyeÈ,s jkq we;eZhs úYajdi lrkafkuq' fï wkqj ðydoahkq zY=oaO hqoaOhZ fkdfõ'

w,a l=¾wdka 2(190 jelsfhka olajd we;s fYa%IaG b.ekaùï úuid n,uq' fuys b;du meyeÈ,su. fmkaùï folla ,nd § we;' tkï (

1' ;uka iu. igka jÈkakka iu. muKla igka je§u fuu jelsfha m%Odk;u WmfoaYhhs' fïwkqj ´kEu wfhl= iu. igka lsÍug bia,dñlhskag wjirhla fkdue;'

2' tfia igka je§fï § iSudj blaujd lghq;= fkdlsÍug j. n,d.; hq;=h hkak o fuys ;j;ajeo.;a WmfoaYhls' j¾;udkfha hqo .egqïys ksr; fndfyda yuqod ;u iSudjka blaujd f.diawysxil isú,a jeishka yd mQcljreka >d;kh lsÍu" ldka;djka ¥IKh lsÍu" mQckSh ia:dk ydksfjia úkdY lsÍu hkdÈh idudkH isÿùï njg m;a ù we;' fuf,i yeisÍug bia,dñlhskaglsisfia;au wkque;shla fkdue;'

fuu b.ekaùï iu. ´kEu wfhl=g ;sìh yelafla l=uk wdldrfha .eg¿jlaoeZhsúuikakg leue;af;uq'

fï wkqj ðydoh ms<sn| u;= jkakd jQ ielhka ÿr,d ienE ðydoh hkq l=ula oeZhs újD;oEiska ne,Su wksjd¾Hh jkq we;'

ðydoays ienE w¾:h

ðydoa hk wrdì jpkfha NdIduh w¾:h m%h;akh" jEhu" wdhdih" W;aidyh hkmohkaf.ka tla;rd m%udKhlg yqjd oelaúh yelsh' bia,dóh jHjydrfha ðydoa hkq yqfolam%h;akh hk w¾:h muKla f.k fokakla fkdfõ' th hy úmdl wfmalaIdfjka foú÷kaf.a^w,a,dyaf.a& ;Dma;sh Wfoid lrkakd jQ keuÿula o fjhs' fï wkqj w,a,dyaf.a ;Dma;sh Wfoidlrkakd jQ ish¨ hy m%h;akhka ðydoa hkqfjka ú.%y lsÍu ksjerÈh' ;j;a w;lska mSvdldÍ"ysxidldÍ yd ÿIalr;ajh ueo oyfï kshuhkag mgyeKs fkdù hqla;sh ia:dms; lsÍu ioyd lrkakdjQ m%h;akh ðydoh f,i ú.%y l< yel' ðydofha wkq m%fNao lsysmhla bia,dóh úoaj;=ka úiskaúia;r fldg we;;a nyq;rfha u;h wkqj tys m%fNao myla f,i my;ska olajd we;'

ffp;islfhka lrkakd jQ ðydoh ^ðydoa ìka k*aia$L,aí&

Èj Wmfhda.s lrf.k lrkakd jQ ðydoh' ^ðydoa ì,a ,sidka&

mEk$oekqu Wmfhda.S lrf.k lrkakd jQ ðydoh ^ðydoa ì,a L,ï$b,aï&

oE; Wmfhda.S lrf.k lrkakd jQ ðydoh ^ðydoa ì,a hoa&

wism; ^wdhqO& Wmfhda.S lrf.k lrkakd jQ ðydoh ^ðydoa ìia fihs*a&

fïjd yefrkakg úúO bia,dï úfrdaë md¾Yjhka úiska Tjqkaf.a uk#l,ams; u;jdohkabÈßm;a lrñka —ufkdauh ðydohla ms<sn|j woyia olaj;s' th Tjqkaf.a yqÿ uk#l,ams;hlamuKla ñi wka lsisjla fkdjk nj wjOdrKfhka mjikakg leue;af;uq'

by; i|yka ðydoa m%fNaohka ms<sn|j úia;r úuid n,uq'

ffp;islfhka lrkakd jQ ðydoh ^ðydoa ìka k*aia$L,aí&

bia,dóh b.ekaùï wkqj úúO wjia:djkays § fYa%IaG;u ðydoh ^ðydoa w,a wlan¾& l=ula olshd meyeÈ,s fldg we;' jfrl fYa%IaG;u ðydoh ;u ffp;silfha u;=jk wl=i,hg keUqre jQye`.Sï iu. ffp;isl wr.,hl fh§u nj bia,duh W.kajhsûqiakoa wyauoa 24004&' fuul%shdj,sh u.ska flfkl=f.a ffp;islh mdßY=oaO;ajhg m;afldg wNHka;r iduh <`.dlr .ksñka


fldamh yd ffjrh msgqolsk ;;a;ajhla Wod lr.ekSug yels jkafkah' ñksidf.a fYa%IaG meje;auyd idrO¾u imsß hy Ôú;h iy;sl l< yelafla Ñ;a; mdßY=oaêh u.sks'

fuu zðydoaZ m%fNaoh iyuq,skau ;u ffp;islh iu. lrkakd jQ igkls" wr.,hls'bia,duhg wkqj ienE fid,aodÿjd ;u ffp;islh iu. igka lrkakdh'

Èj Wmfhda.s lrf.k lrkakd jQ ðydoh' ^ðydoa ì,a ,sidka&

iudcfha isÿ jk jerÈ" wmfhdack yd ÿIKhkag tfrysj yd ke.Su" i;Hh wka whgmeyeÈ,s lr §ug yd hy u.g ckhdj wdrdOkd lrkakg lrkakd jQ foaYk" idlÉPd" ixjdo wdÈhfuhg wka;¾.; fõ' widOdrK ÿIag md,lfhl= bÈßfha ks¾Nhj i;Hh m%ldY lr isàu fYa%IaGðydohla nj bia,duh wmg W.kajhs' ûQ,dY%h( iqkka w;a ;s¾ñ§$ fj¿u(8$ msgqj(345&

mEk$oekqu Wmfhda.S lrf.k lrkakd jQ ðydoh ^ðydoa ì,a L,ï$b,aï&

f,dfjys isÿjk whqla;shg yd widOdrKhg tfrysj lghq;= lsÍu" bia,duhg tfrysj u;=lrkakd jQ fpdaokd yd jerÈ u;hka fyda ÿ¾u;hka ms<sn|j hy yd ksjerÈ whqßka lreKq myod§u Wfoid lrkakd jQ úoaj;a .fõIKhka fukau bia,duh myiqfjka wjfndaO lr.ekSug WmldÍjk whqßka ,sms yd .%ka:hka ilia lsÍug lghq;= lsÍu fuhg we;=<;ah' hqla;sh" idOdrKh ydoyu fjkqfjka m%dK;Hd.s;ajfha fhfokakdf.a reêrhg jvd úoaj;df.a ;Ska; fYa%IaGh' bia,duhgtfrysj kef.k fujka fpdaokdjkag ksjerÈ lreKq ú.%y fldg i;Hh myod §ug wm úiskabÈßm;a lr we;s fmd;a msxpo fuu ðydoa m%fNaohg wka;¾.;h'

oE; Wmfhda.S lrf.k lrkakd jQ ðydoh ^ðydoa ì,a hoa&

fuu m%fNaoh fN!;sl l%shdldrlï iu. mokï jQ m%h;akhls ^ðydohls&' wirKhskag ydÿ.Skag msysg ùu" fvx.= jeks jix.; frda. uev,Su i|yd yd ckhdg m%fhdackj;a wka Y%uodklghq;=" zild;aZ kï jQ ÿ.Skag msßkeñh hq;= wksjd¾h oka§u yd zioldZ kï jQ ffjl,amSh oka§ï"zyÊZ yd zWïrdZ kï jQ wd.ñl j;dj;a bgq lsÍu fuhg we;=<;ah' jfrl hqo ;;a;ajhla we;s jQwjia:djl uqyïuoa ;=udKkaf.a iy.dñfhl= meñK ;ukaf.a fouõmshka jfhdajDO ;;a;ajfhaisák fyhska hqo ìug hEu yd foudmshka n,d.ekSu w;=ßka Tyq úiska f;dard .; hq;af;al=ulaoeZhs úuiQ úg foudmshkag Wjegka lrñka Tjqkaf.a úIhfhys ðydoa lrk f,i okajd isák,§' ûQ,dY%h ( nqydÍ 3004&

wism; ^wdhqO& Wmfhda.S lrf.k lrkakd jQ ðydoh ^ðydoa ìia fihs*a&

iduh" hqla;sh yd idOdrKh fjkqfjka wism;ska ðydohl ^m%h;akhl& kshe,Sug iuyrwjia:djkays wjYH fõ' wism;ska ðydohl kshe,Sug yelafla wjia:djka foll muKh' fuuwjia:djka foflys § igkg msúiSu w,a l=¾wdka b.ekaùï wkqj wksjd¾h fldg ;sfí'

iqrlaIdjrK ðydoh yd wdl%uKsl ðydoh

Tnf.a rgg tfrysj myr ÿkfyd;a bia,duh yd wd;audrlaIdj mokï lrf.k igkgmsúiSu' fuh mqoa., fyda lKavdhï .eiS mokï úrys; f,i .kakd ;Skaÿjla u; isÿ fkdjkakls'rdcH fyda j.lSï iys; ck;d kdhl;ajh yd u. fmkaùula u; fuh isÿúh hq;=h' fuhziqrlaIdjrK ðydohZ f,i ye¢ka fõ' fuu ðydoa ms<sfj; ms<sn|j w,a,dya w,a l=¾wdkafha fufiai|yka lrhs'

—ljfrl= kqU,d iu. hqo jÈkafka o Tjqka iu. w,a,dyaf.a ud¾.fhys kqU,d hqo jÈjq' kuq;akqU,d iSudj blaujd fkdhjq' ieneúkau w,a,dya iSudj blaujd hkakkaj m%sh fkdlrhs'˜ ^w,al=¾wdka 2(190&

f,dfjys isÿjk wmrdO" wjkS;sh" ÿIaglï" ;%ia;jdoh" wdÈhg tfrysj bia,dñh rdcHhlaúiska .kakd jQ hqOuh mshjrla f,i fojk wjia:dj kï l< yel'

ÿIaglï yd widOdrKh isÿjk nj fmkS fmkS ksy~ ùug bia,dñh rchlg wkque;shfkdue;' ia;%S n,y;aldrlï" <ud wmfhdack" u;al=vq yd u;aøjH" fidrlu" ;%ia;jdoh" widOdrK


myr §ï jeks oE me;sfrñka ;sfnk ;;a;ajhl ksy~ úh yelafla lskï bia,dóh rchlg o@iajNdúl kS;sh W,a,x>kh fkdfldg fïjdg tfrysj lghq;= lsÍu wmf.a j.lSuhs'

i;=rdf.a wdêm;Hh yd n, uysuh ì| oud i;=rdf.a ÿIaglï" mSvdj yd uerjrlï wjikafldg iduh" hqla;sh yd idOdrKh ia:dms; lrk ;=re ðydofha kshe,Su bia,dóh rchlgwksjd¾h jkafkah' fuh —wdl%uKsl ðydoh˜ f,i ye¢ka fõ' fuu ðydoa ms<sfj; ms<sn|j w,a,dyaw,a l=¾wdkfha i|yka lrhs'

—wmf.a mrudêm;shdKkS" wmrdO lrñka isákakd jQ jeishkaf.ka hq;a fuu k.rfhka wmj bj;alrkq uekjæ Tnf.ka jQ wdrlaIlfhl= wm fjkqfjka m;a lrkq uekjæ ;jo Tnf.ka jQWojqlrefjl= wm fjkqfjka m;a lrkq uekjeæ˜hs mjid isák ÿ¾j,;ajhg ^m;a lr ysxidjg& ,lalrkq ,enQ mqreIhska" ia;%Ska yd <uqka fjkqfjka w,a,dyaf.a ud¾.fha kqU,d igka fkdjeo ^ksy~j&isàug kqU,dg l=ula ù o@˜ ^w,a l=¾wdka 4(75&

fï wkqj ðydoa hkq (

1' ;u ukfia we;sjk jerÈ yd wl=i,hg keUqre jQ is;=ú,s iu. igka fldg Ñ;a; mdßY=oaêh we;slr .ekSug lghq;= lsÍu ðydoa fõ'

2' f,dfjys isÿjk wmrdO" ÿIaglï fukau bia,dï úfrdaë l%shdjkag tfrysj y~ ke`.Su ðydoa fõ'

3' f,dfjys isÿjk wmrdO" ÿIaglï fukau bia,dï úfrdaë l%shdjkag tfrysj ,sÅ;j m%h;ak oeÍuðydoa fõ'

4' YÍrh hym;a l%shd i|yd Wmfhda.S lsÍu yd foú÷ka úiska ,nd § we;s jrm%idohka yd iïm;ahy l%shdjka i|yd jeh lsÍu ðydoa fõ'

5' rdcHhlg myr ÿkaúg tu rdcHh wdrlaId lsÍu yd i;=rdf.a wdêm;Hh yd n, uysuh ì| oudi;=rdf.a ÿIaglï" mSvdj yd uerjrlï wjika fldg f,dfjys iduh ia:dms; lsÍu ðydoa fõ'

fï wkqj Y%S ,dxflah uqia,sïjrekag wod< jkafka by; 1 isg 4 olajd jQ ðydoa m%fNaomuKla jk w;r hqla;sh idOdrKh i|yd jQ wdl%uKYS,S yd iqrlaIdjrKh i|yd lrkakd jQ 5jeks m%fNaoh rdcH wkq.%yhlska f;drj Y%S ,dxflah uqia,sïjrekag wod< fkdjk nj nqoaêu;aj ydh:d¾:fhka lreKq úuiqul fhfok ´kEu wfhl=g meyeÈ,sj fmfkkakg we;s i;Hhls' tfiakï zðydohZ mokï lrf.k zuqia,sï NS;sldjlaZ yd zuqia,sï ms<sl=,laZ we;s lsÍug fjr oeÍu w¾:Y=kH mokï úrys; m%h;akhla muKla nj ikd: fjkjd fkdfõo@ hy ñksfil= jYfhka iEuuqia,sïjrfhl=gu wksjd¾h jk 1 isg 4 olajd jQ ðydoa m%fNao ms<sn|j bÈßm;a l< yels úfõpkl=ula o lshd oek .kakg leue;af;uq' úfõpk we;akï wm fj; fhduq lrk f,i b;dldreKslj b,a,d isákafkuq'

^17& fpdaokdj (

48(19 —;jo uqia,sïjreka úiska uqia,sï fkdjk iudchka úkdY lrñka Tjqkaf.a jia;=j foam, iyiïm;a ish,a, úYd, m%udKhkaf.ka w;am;a lr .kafkah' tneúka w,a,dya ieuod uyd n,.;=h"uyd m%{djka;hdh'˜

ú.%yh ( m<uqj fuu l=¾wdka jelsfha ksjerÈ isxy, w¾: oelaùu fj; wjOdkh fhduq lruq'

—;jo hqoaOfhka ch .;a jia;+ka wêl jYfhka ô Tjqkg iaÓr lf<ah'& Tjqyq tAjd ,nd .kafkdah';jo w,a,dya w;s n,iïmkak yd i¾j m%{djka;h' ^20& ^hqo ìfï § i;=rkaf.ka& w;am;a lr.;ajia;+ka wêl jYfhka w,a,dya kqU,dg m%;s{d § ;snqKs' kqU,d tAjd ,nd .kafkdah' fuh kqU,dgTyq blauka lf<ah' ;jo úYajdislhskag ix{djla jkq msKsi o Tyq kqU,dj Rcq u. /f.k hkqmsKsi o ^kqU,df.a i;=re& ckhskaf.a oE;a kqU,d fj;ska j<lajd,Sh'˜ ^w,a l=¾wdka 48(19&

fuu jelsfhys z.kSu;aZ ^hqoaOdcqo jia;+ka fyj;a hqo ìfï § i;=rka oud f.dia w;a jQjia;+ka& ms<sn|j i|yka ù we;' fuhg znf,ka Wÿrd.kq ,nk jia;+kaZ hehs we;euqka úiskamßj¾;kh lr ;sfnk w;r zuqia,sïjreka úiska uqia,sï fkdjkakkaf.ka nf,ka Wÿrd.kq ,nk


jia;+ka th uqia,sïjreka i;= jQjlaZ hehs f.k yer fmkajd we;' we;af;kau fuh jHdc m%pdrhls'ukaoh;a m<uqj fuu jelsh uqia,sï fkdjk iEu flfkl= yd iïnkaO jQjla fkdj uqia,sïjrekaiu. hqo jÈkakka muKla yd iïnkaO jQjls' tkï uqia,sïjreka ;uka iu. igkgfm,fUkakkag tfrysj hqo jeo ch.%yKh lf<a kï Tjqka oud f.dia w;a jk jia;+ka z.kSu;aZ^fyj;a hqo ìfï § i;=rd oud f.dia w;a jQ& jia;+ka hehs meyeÈ,s fldg we;' we;euqka mjikakdlafuka z.kSu;aZ hkq zuqia,sï fkdjk ´kEu wfhl=f.ka Wÿrd.kq ,enQ fyda meyer.kq ,enQ jia;+kaZhehs ú.%y lsÍu ksjerÈ jkjd kï uqia,sïjrekag u§kdfõ ;ukaf.a wi,ajeishka f,i jdih l<uqia,sï fkdjkakkaf.a jia;+ka nf,ka ;uka i;= lr .kakg ;sìK' kuq;a Tjqka tfia lghq;=fkdlsÍu z.kSu;aZ hkq hqo ìfï § i;=rkaj ch .ekSfuka wk;=rej w;ajk jia;+ka njg meyeÈ,sidOlhla ù we;'

fojkqj z.kSu;aZ hk mohg znf,ka meyer .kq ,nk jia;+kaZ hehs w¾:l:kh lsÍu jerÈnj ;yjqre jkafkah' ukaoh;a wrdì NdIdfjys zf.dú;eka fyda jHdmdr jeks uqo,a bmhSfïwruqKska lrkq ,nk lsisÿ W;aiyhlska f;drj w;a jk jia;+kaZ j,g z.=kauqkaZ hk moh Ndú;fõ' z.kSu;aZ hk moh fuu mofhka fn§ wd tlls' hqoaOfha § i;=rkaj ch .ekSfuka w;a jkjia;+ka by; i|yka jia;+ka bmhSfï lsisÿ W;aiyhlska f;drj w;a jkafkah' tneúka fuhgz.kSu;aZ hk moh Ndú; fõ' fuu mohg znf,ka meyer .kq ,nk jia;+kaZ hehs ú.%y lsÍu tujpkh wksis f,i Ndú; lsÍula fõ' ukaoh;a zjia;+ka nf,ka meyer .ekSuZ hkq ks;Hdkql+,fkdjQjls' hï msßila uqia,sïjrekag úreoaOj hqo jeo uqia,sïjreka igkska ch ,enqfõ kïTjqkaf.a j;= yd l=Uqre jeks iïm;a nf,ka i;= lr .ekSu fyda tajd úkdY lsÍu" f.dvke.s,s ì|oeóu" ;ukag whs;s fkdjk wka whf.a jia;+ka ;ukaf.a jia;+ka fuka Ndú; lsÍu bia,dóhkS;Ska j,g iyuq,skau mgyeKs jQjls' jrla uqia,sïjrekaf.a fiakdj tla hqoaOhla ch .;awjia:dfõ t¿jka lsysmhla wksis f,i w;a lr f.k tajd lmd Whkakg o jQy' kì uqyïuoa;=udKka t;ekg meñKs úg tu isoaêh oel fldamhg m;a ù Tjqka msiñka isá Ndck fmr<d oudtu t¿jka oyh fjkqjg uy;a Tgqfjl= § ydksh mshjQfõh'

z.kSu;aZ fyj;a hqo ìfï § i;=rka oud f.dia w;a jQ jia;+ka i;= lr .ekSfï kS;sh kïhqoaOfha § ch.;a jia;+ka ish,a, rch fj; /ia l< hq;=h' bka miqj thska mfyka fldgilarcfha fmdÿ NdKavd.drhg i;= fõ' tu fldgi fmdÿ NdKavd.drfha kS;shg wkqj uqia,sïjreka yduqia,sï fkdjkakka hk lsisÿ fNaohlska f;drj rg jeishka fjkqfjka úhoï lrkq ,efí' tuld,fha fin¿kag kshñ; jegqma fkd;snqK fyhska thska b;sß fldgia y;r Tjqk;r fnod fokq,eìK' we;eï wjia:djka j, fmdÿ iqNidOl lghq;= ie,ls,a,g f.k rch úiska b;sß fldgiay;frka hï m%udKhla r|jd ;nd .; yelsh'

fïjd ;=<ska lreKq folla b;d meyeÈ,sju Èia jkafkah'

I. m<uqjekak z.kSu;aZ hkq iEu uqia,sï fkdjkakkaf.a jia;+ka fyda meyer.kakd ,o jia;+ka fyda fkdfõ' thg fjkiaj i;=rkag tfrysj igka lrTjqka úiska yer oud f.dia ;snQ jia;=j i;= lr .ekSuhs'

II. fojekak fuu z.kSu;aZ jia;+ka w;=ßka l=uk oehla ldf.a oE;g yiq jkafkao Tyqg th i;= lr .; fkdyelsh' tkuq;a thg flfkl= whs;slre úhyelafla ks;Hdkql+,jh'

lsishï rgla ;j;a rgla iu. hqo jeo ch ,enqfõ kï ch ,enQ rg mrdð; jQ rfgka w;alr .;a jia;+ka ;uka i;= lr f.k th fnod §u fyda Ndú; lsÍu j¾;udkfha o f,dfjys olakgwe;s idudkH lreKls' tkuq;a hqoAOfhys ch .;a fiakdjla ;u i;=re fiakdfõ jia;+ka w;a lr.ekSug bia,dufhys wkque;sh § ;snqK o th w;a lr .ekSu wksjd¾hh fkdjk w;r th mrdchgm;a whf.a whs;sh hgf;au w;a yer oeñh yelsh' hqfoõjka iu. isÿ jQ zyhsn¾Z kï hqoaOhwjia:dfõ § kì uqyïuoa ;=udKka z.kSu;aZ jia;+ka úIfhys l%shd lf<a tf,ih'

^18& fpdaokdj (

—w,a gnÍ" fj¿u VI" msgqj 101( zwm lsisÈfkl fkdÿgq iy wm%ikak foa fudfyduoaf.a múgql%shdjka ksid wmg ú¢kakg isÿ úh' Tyq wmf.a mdrïmßl fmr isß;g ks.%y iy wmydi lf<ah'


wmf.a uq;=kañ;a;kag mßNj lf<ah' wmf.a wd.u kskaod iy.;j úfõpkh lf,ah' wmf.a iudchfío ìkak we;s fldg folv lf,ah' wmf.a foúhkag ks.%y fldg wjuka lf,ah' Tyqf.a l%shdl,dmh yryd wm iudch uyd jHikhkhlg f.dÿre úh'˜

ú.%yh ( by; Tn ,smsfhys i|yka lr we;s fldgfiys iïmQ¾K mdGh my;ska olajd we;af;uq'

kì uqyïuoa ;=udKkA ;ksju isák wjia:djl W;anya ìka rîwd l=ffrIajrekaf.aiNdfjys isák úg fufia mejiqfõh' ( —uqyïuoa fj; ud f.dia Tyq Tyqf.a ld¾Hh Tyq kj;ajd.kq msKsi Tyqg hï lreKq bÈßm;a lrkakg leue;af;ñ' wm fjkqfjka Tyq fuhska miq nyskafkakï Tyq l=ula ms%h lrkafkao th wms msßkuuq'˜ túg /iaj isá ish,a,ka Tyq keKj;akdhlfhl=j isá fyhska —wnq,a j,Soa ^W;and ìka rîwd&æ Tnf.a leue;a; mßÈ l%shd lrkak'˜ hehsmejiqfjdah'

miqj Tyq kì uqyïuoa ;=udKka fj; meñK t;=udKkag fufia mejiqfõh' ( —udf.aifydaorhdf.a mq;kqjksæ Tn oekqj;a mßÈ wmf.a mjq,a w;=ßka yd l=,hka w;=ßka Tn b;d Wiia;rd;srug wh;a flfkls' lsisÿ mqoa.,fhl= ;u iuQyhd fj; fuf;la fkdf.k wd oehla TnTnf.a iuQyhd fj; f.keú;a isákafkysh' Tn wmf.a keKj;a mqoa.,hskaj w{dkhska njg m;alf<yqh' Tn wmf.a uq;=ka ñ;a;kaj ñ;Hd oDIaÀlhska hehs mjikafkyqh' Tn wmf.a foújrekagfodia mjikafkyqh' ;jo Tn wmf.a tlai;aNdjh fnod fjka lr oeuqfjyqh' fujka Tnf.ayeisÍï ish,a, f,!lsl jia;+ka n,dfmdfrd;a;=fjka kï Tng wmf.a jia;+ka ish,a, tla/ia lrfokafkuq' ke;skï Tn kdhl;ajh m%sh lrkafka kï wm Tnj wmf.a kdhlfhl= f,i m;alrkafkuq' ;jo Tn fkdue;sj lsisÿ lreKla wms ;SrKh fkdlrkafkuq' tfia;a fkdue;s kïfïjd ish,a, Tng woDIHudk hlaIfhl=f.ka jQ ne,aula fya;=fjka jQfha kï wm WmßuW;aiyhlska ffjoH lrkafkl=j ^m%;sldr ,nd .ekSu i|yd& Tng okajkafkuq' ukaoh;a tune,au tu mqoa.,hdj ;udg w;ayeßh fkdyels lreKq lsÍug fmd<Ujkafkah'˜ fï jk úg kì;=udKka fïjd ish,a,g ijka foñka ksy~j isáfhah'

Tyq ksy~ jQ miq kì ;=udKka ( —wnq,a j,Soa ^W;and ìka rîwd&æ ud mjikakd jQ oEg kqUijka fojq˜ hehs Tyqg mjid w,a l=¾wdkfha —ydóï wia icod˜ kï iQryafõ m<uqjeks jelsfha isgiqcQoays jelsh olajd ^w,a l=¾wdka 41(1-38& mdrdhkd lr fmkajd wk;=rej ysi kud keuÿï l<y'

^1& yd óï' ^2& ^fuu mqia;lh& ieug lreKdNß; mru lreKdNß;hdKka fj;ska my<lsÍuls' ^3& ^fuh& oek.kakd jQ msßig wrdì niska jQ mdrdhkh lrkakla f,i tys joka meyeÈ,slrkq ,enQ mqia;lhls' ^4& ^;jo fuh& Y=NdrxÑhla f,i o wjjdohla f,i o fõ' tfy;a Tjqkaf.kanyq;rh ^thg& msgqmEfjdah' tneúka Tjqyq Y%jKh fkdlrkafkdah' ^5& ;jo —kqU wmj ljr fohlafj; le|jkafkys o tû úYajdi&hg tfrysj wmf.a yoj;a wdjrKfhysh' wmf.a lka ;=< w.=,lao wm yd Tn w;r ndOlhla o we;' tneúka kqU ^kqUf.a ud¾.fhys& l%shd lrjq' ieneúkau wm^wmf.a ud¾.fhys& l%shd lrkakka fjuq'˜ hehs Tjqyq mejiQy' ^6& ^kìjrh"& kqU mjijq —uu kqU,dfuka ñksfil=uh' kqU,df.a foúhka tlu foúfhl= nj ud yg jyS ^foaj mKsúv& my< lrkq,en we;' tneúka kqU,d Tyq^g wjk; ùu& fj; iaÓrj isájq' ;jo kqU,d Tyqf.ka mdm laIudjwheÈjq' ;jo wdfoaY lrkakkag úkdYhls' ^7& Tjqyq ljqrekaoh;a zild;a ^ÿ.Skag msßkeñh hq;=wksjd¾Hh oka§u& fkdfokakka fj;s' ;jo Tjqyq wjidk Èkh ms<sn|j m%;slafIam lrkakka fj;s'˜^8& ieneúkau ljqreka úYajdi lr hylï lf<a o Tjqkg wLKav fõ;khla we;'

^9& ^kìjrh"& kqU mjijq —Èk folla ;=< ñys;,h uejQ flkdj^w,a,dyaj& kqU,d m%;slafIamlr kqU,d Tyqg iu.dóka we;s lrkafka o@ úYajfha mrudêm;s Tyquh' ^10& Tyq tû ñys;,fh&ysth by<ska l÷ uqÿka we;s lf<ah' ;jo Tyq tys wNsjDoaêh we;s lr tys Èk y;rla ;=< tajdfhanjfNda. ks¾Kh lf<ah' ^tajd& wheÈkakkag o ^fkdwheÈkakkag o& tlfiauh'7 ^11& miqj wyifoig th ÿulaj ;sìh § Tyq^w,a,dya& wjOdkh fhduq fldg thg o ñys;,hg o —kqU fom<leue;af;ka fyda wlue;af;ka fyda ûg wjk; ùu msKsi& meñfKjq˜ hehs mejiqfõh' ta fom< —Tng wjk;jkakkaj wms meñKsfhuq˜ hehs mejiQy' ^12& miqj Tyq wyia y;la f,i Èk folla ;=<

7& tkï f,!lsl Ôú;fha § m%;slafIaml fyda w,a,dyaj úYajdi l< ish,a,kagu fNaohlska f;drj f,dfõ iïm;amsßkukq ,efí'


tajd ilia lr" iEu wyia;,fhys^ isák ¥;hskag&u tajdg wh;a kshuhka oekqï ÿkafkah' ;jo wm^ñys;,hg& ióm jQ wyi" myka^;drld& u.ska w,xldr lr we;af;uq' ;jo ^wms tu ;drld we;slf<a wyig& wdrlaIdjla f,ih' fuh w;s n,iïmkak i¾j{hdKkaf.a kshuhhs'˜

^13& tneúka Tjqka msgqmEfjyq kï" túg wdoajrekaf.a yd iuQoajrekaf.a fyK y~ô~qju&fuka fyK y~laô~qjula& ms<sn|j kqU,dg uu wjjdo lrñ˜ hehs ^kìjrh"& mjijq' ^14& w,a,dyayer kqU,d ^fjk;a lsisfjl=g& keuÿï fkdlrk f,i ^mjiñka& Tjqkag bÈßfhka yd Tjqkagmiqmiska Tjqka fj; riQ,ajreka meñKs úg" —wmf.a mrudêm;s ^wm w;rg riQ,ajrfhl= heùug&wNsu; lf<a kï" u,lajreka my< lr^ hj&kakg ;snqKs' tneúka ljr fohla iu. kqU,d tjkq,enqfõ o ieneúkau wms ^th& m%;slafIam lrkakka jkafkuq hehs Tjqyq mejiQy' ^15& tneúka wdoaiuQyhd ms<sn|j î|yka lrkafka& kï" Tjqyq lsisÿ ksrjoHfhka f;drj ñys;,fha W~`.=lï mEy';jo —n,fhka wmg jvd oeä jQjka ljqreka oe@˜hs Tjqyq mejiQy' ieneúkau Tjqkaj uejQ w,a,dyaTjqkg jvd n,fhka oeä nj Tjqyq fkdÿgqfjda o@ ;jo Tjqyq wmf.a ix{djka m%;slafIam lrñkaisáhy' ^16& tneúka fuf,dj Ôú;fhys wjudkfha o~qju wms Tjqkg N=la;s ú|jkq msKsi ^Tjqkag&wjdikdjka; jQ Èkhkays oeä ^fudr y~lska hq;a& iS; l=Kdgqjla Tjqka fj; wms heõfjuq'ieneúkau u;= f,dj o~qju ^fuhg jvd& oeä wjudkhls' ;jo Tjqka Woõ lrkq fkd,n;s' ^17&;jo iuQoa iuQyhd ms<sn|j î|yka lrkafka& kï" Tjqkg wms u. fmkajQfhuq' ^kuq;a& Tjqkahyu.g jvd ^m%;slafIamfhka hq;a& wkaONdjh ^ms%h lr& f;dard .;af;dah' tneúka Tjqka Wmhñkaisá oE fya;=fjka kskaokSh o~qjfï uyd y~ Tjqkaj .%yKh lf<ah' ^18& ;jo úYajdi lr ìhNla;sfhka isáhjqkaj wms wdrlaId lf<uq' ^19& w,a,dyaf.a i;=rka^m%;slafIamlhska" ksrd& .skakfj; tla/ia lrkq ,nk ^úksYaph& Èk ^kqU isysm;a lrjq&' túg Tjqyq îsh¨ m%;slafIamlhskameñfKk ;=re& r|jd ;nkq ,nkafkyqh' ^20& fl;rï ^ÿrg&o h;a Tjqyq ta fj; meñKs jyduTjqkaf.a Y%jK o Tjqkaf.a oDIaá o Tjqkaf.a p¾u^YdÍßl wjhjhka& o Tjqka lrñka isá oE ms<sn|jTjqkg tfrysj idlaIs or;s' ^21& —wmg tfrysj kqU,d idlaIs orkqfha ukaoe@˜hs Tjqyq ;ukaf.ap¾uhkaf.ka úuikq we;' —iEu fohlau l;d lrjkakd jQ w,a,dya wmj l;d lsÍugie,eiajQfõh˜ hehs tajd mji;s' kqU,dj m%:u jrg ueõfõ Tyquh' Tyq fj;uh kqU,d kej;fhduq lrkq ,nkqfha' ^22& kqU,df.a ijka fyda kqU,df.a oDIaá fyda kqU,df.a p¾u kqU,dgtfrysj idlaIs oeÍfuka ^wdrlaId ùug mdm ls%hdjka lrk wjia:dfõ §& kqU,d ^tajdhska&ieÕfjkakkaj fkdisáfhyqh' tkuq;a kqU,d lrk oehska fndfydauhla ieneúkau w,a,dyafkdokafka hehs kqU,d is;+y'8 ^23& kqU,df.a mrudêm;s ms<sn|j kqU,d is;+ kqU,df.a tu ^jerÈ&is;=ú,a, kqU,dj úkdY lr oeóh' tneúka kqU,d w,dNjka;hska w;=ßka úh' ^24& Tjqka ô~qju&bjiqj o" ^fkdbjiqj o& Tjqkaf.a kjd;ek ksrhhs' Tjqka ^w,a,dyaf.a& ;Dma;sh me;=j o Tjqka;Dma;sh ,enQjka w;=ßka fkdfj;s'

^25& ;jo wms fudjqkg ^f,!lsl Ôú;fhys fIhs;dkajreka yd ñksiqka w;=ßka& ióm;hskakshu lf<uq' ^fuu ióm;& Tjqka fudjqyq w;r ;sfnk oE o fudjqkg miqj we;s oE o fudjqkgw,xldr lr fmkajQy'9 ;jo ðkajreka yd ñksiqka w;=ßka fudjqkg fmr bl=;a ù .sh m%cdjka^flfr&ys ^jQ o~qjfï& jok fudjqyq flfrys o kshu úh' ieneúkau fudjqyq w,dNjka;hska jQy'

^26& ;jo —fuu w,a l=¾wdkhg kqU,d ijka fkdfojq' ;jo kqU,d ^mdrdhkfhys& wìnjdhkq msKsi tys ^ndOd we;s lrjk& ksIaM, l%shdjka lrjq hehs m%;slafIam l<jqka mejiQy'10 ^27&ieneúkau wms m%;slafIam l<jqkg oeä o~qjula ú¢kakg i,iajkafkuq' ;jo Tjqka lrñka isáoEys b;d krlh i|yd ieneúkau wms Tjqkg m%;súmdl ,nd fokafkuq' ^28& th w,a,dyaf.a

8& tl, ckhd ;uka ndysrj lrk oE muKla w,a,dyaf.a oekqug f.dapr jk w;r ;uka wNHka;rfhka lrkakd jQl%shdjka w,a,dya fkdokS hk ñ:Hd u;hl isáfhdah' tneúka Bg ms<s;=re jYfhka úksYaph Èk § mdm;rhskaf.awjhjhka ;ukagu tfrysj idlaIs orkq we;' hehs fuu jelsh meyeÈ,s lr we;'

9& fuu jelsfhys zfudjqka w;r ;sfnk oEZ hkqfjka woyia lrkafka fudjqka f,dfjys lrñka isá mdmldÍ oEh'zfudjqkag miqj we;s oEZ hkqfjka woyia lrkafka fudjqka u;=f,dj ke;eZhs mjik kej; ke.sgqùu yd úksYaph jeksoEh'

10& kì uqyïuoa ;=udKka w,a l=¾wdkh mdrdhkh lrk úg tl, isá we;eï m%;slafIamlhska bia,duh je,|.;afya;=fjka kej; tfia ckhd bia,duhg wj;S¾K ùu j<lajd<Su i|yd we;euqka Tyqf.a tu mdrdhkh fkdwefikmßÈ Yío k.ñka ndOd we;s jk wdldrfha ls%hdjkays kshe¿Ey'


i;=rkaf.a m%;súmdlhhs' tkï ksrhhs' tys Tjqkg iod;ksl ksjyk ysñh' ^th& Tjqka wmf.a jokam%;slafIam lrñka isá fya;=fjka jQ m%;súmdlhla jYfhks' ^29& —wmf.a mrudêm;shdKks" ðka ydñksiqka w;=ßka wmj uq<d l< fofokdj11 wmg fmkajkq uekjæ Tjqka fofokd my;a jQjkaf.kajkq msKsi wmf.a mdo j,g my<ska Tjqka fofokdj wms m;a lrkafkuq hehs m%;slafIam l<jqka^ksrh ;=< §& mjikafkdah'

^30& ieneúkau —wmf.a mrudêm;s w,a,dya˜ hehs ^úYajdifhka hq;=j& mjid miqj ^tys&iaÓrj isáhjqka ^ms<sn|j kï& u,lajreka Tjqka fj; ûrKdikak fudfydf;a § fuf,i mjiñka&my< fj;s' —kqU,d ìh fkdjjq' ;jo kqU,d ÿla fkdjjq' kqU,dg m%;s{d fokq ,nñka isá îaj¾.&Whk ms<sn|j kqU,d Y=NdrxÑ ,nd .ksjq' ^31& fuf,dj Ôú;fhys o u;= f,dfjys o wms kqU,df.aNdrlrejkah' ;jo kqU,df.a wd;audjka wdYd lrk oE kqU,dg tû iaj¾.fh&ys we;' ;jo kqU,d^m;ñka& wheÈk oE o kqU,dg tys we;' ^32& ^fïjd ish,a,& w;s laIudYS,S mru lreKdNß;hdKkaf.ka jQ ix.%yhla jYfhks'˜ ^33& ;jo ljfrl= w,a,dya fj; ^ckhskaj& le|jd hylï lr —ieneúkau uu ^w,a,dyag& wjk;jkakka w;=ßka flfkl= hehs mjikafka o Tyqg jvd m%ldYfhkab;d w,xldrjkakd ljfrla o@ ^34& ;jo hym; yd whym; iu fkdjkafkah' ^tneúka& b;dhym;a oehska ^whym;& j<lajjq' t^fia l< &úg kqU w;r yd ljfrl= w;r i;=relula we;af;a oTyq ieneúkau ióm;u ñ;=frl= fuka^ jkafka&h' ^35& bjikakkag ñi fuû hym;a .;s.=K&hfokq fkd,efí' ;jo uy;a jQ Nd.H ysñ whg ñi o fuh fokq fkd,efí' ^36& ;jo ieneúkaufIhs;dkaf.ka jQ fm,öula kqUj fm,U jQfha kï tú.i w,a,dya fj;ska ^fIhs;dkaf.a Wjÿßka&wdrlaIdj m;jq' ieneúkau Tyquh i¾j Y%djlh' i¾j{h'

^37& rd;%sh o oyj, o ysre o i÷ o Tyqf.a ix{djka w;=ßks' kqU,d ysreg fyda i÷g iqcQoafkdlrjq' kqU,d w,a,dyaju kuÈñka isákafkyq kï fïjd ueõjd jQ Tyqju kqU,d iqcQoa lrjq' ^38&miqj o ^kìjrh"& Tjqka Wv`.=lïmdkafka kï ^Tjqkaj w; yer oujq' ukaoh;a& kqUf.a mrudêm;swìhi jQjkaû,lajreka" Tjqka fuka fkdj& rd;%sfhyss o oyjf,ys o Tyqj^w,a,dyaj& msú;=re lr;s';jo Tjqka fjfyig m;a fkdfj;s'

fï jk úg W;anya ;u msgqmiska fmd<j u; ;u oE;a ysgqjd ys|f.k ksy~j wjOdkfhkaijka foñka isáfhah' kì ;=udKka mdrdhkh k;r l< miq —wnq,a j,Soaæ ud Tng mdrdhkd lrfmkajQ oEg ieneúkau Tn ijka ÿkafkysh' oeka Tn;a th;a n,d .ksjq'˜ hehs Tyqg mejiqfõh'wk;=rej W;anya l=frhsIajreka fj; yeÍ .sfhah' túg Tjqka ( —w,a,dya u; Èjqrd mjikafkuqæieneúkau wnq,a j,Soa kqU,df.ka iuqf.k .shúg isá ;;a;ajfha fkdj" msú;=re ;;a;ajhl kqU,dfj; yeÍ meñK we;'˜ hehs mejiqfõh'

miqj tu iNdfõ /ia ù isá Woúh Tyq wu;d ( —wnq,a j,Soaæ isoaêh l=ulaoe@˜hs weiqfjdah'thg W;anya ( —w,a,dya u; Èjqrd mjikafkñæ óg fmr lsisfia;a ud wid fkdue;s iqúY=oaO jokalsysmhla uqyïuoaf.ka ud weiqfjñ' w,a,dya u; Èjqrd mjikafkñæ th lúhla fyda yQkshula fydauka;rhla fyda fkdfõ' tneúka fï úIfhys kqU,d ug wjk; jjq' ud fjkqfjka th kqU,dw;ayer oujq' ^hym; fj; werhqï lrk iodpdrh ia:dms; lrk& Tyqf.a ld¾Hh lrf.k hEugkqU,d bv yßjq' ;jo kqT,d Tyqg ^ndOdjla fkdù& bj;a ù isájq' w,a,dya u; Èjqrd mjikafkñæTyqf.a jokska ud l=ula ijka ÿkafkño ieneúkau th ^w,a l=¾wdk& u.ska uy`.= lreKla ^n,hla&isÿ jkq we;' wrdìjreka th ,nd .kafka kï kqU,d wka wh u.ska iEySug m;a jkafkyqh'ke;skï Tyq rcjrfhl= fyda kìjrfhl= jkafka kï ckhska w;=ßka tu.ska b;d Nd.Hu;a whjkqfha kqU,dh' ukaoh;a Tyqf.a rdcOdksh kqU,df.a rcOdkshhs' Tyqf.a f.!rjh kqU,df.af.!rjhhs'˜ hehs mejiqfõh' th weiQ Tjqka ( —wnq,a j,Soaæ uqyïuoa kqUg yQkshï lr we;e˜hsmejiqfjdah' thg W;anya ( —fuh ud kqU,dg ÿka woyihs' kqU,d is;k oehla lr .ksjq'˜ hehsmeiqfõh'

by; iïmQ¾K l:d mdGh lshùfuka i;Hh l=ulaoeZhs Tng ksielfhkau jegfykqksh;h' tfukau wo wfma rfÜ iudch fufyh jñka Tjqkaf.a ukia jekiSfï m%n, jEhulwe;eï úfõplhska kshef,ñka isák nj wm b;d lK.dgqfjka okajd isákakg leue;af;uq'

11& fuys zfofokdZ hkq ðkajreka w;=ßkaa fIhs;dka o ñksiqka w;=ßka wdoï ;=udKkaf.a mqf;l= jk ldì,a o fõ'ulaksidoh;a fIhs;dka uq,au m%;slafIamhg yd ldì,a uyd mdmhla jk >d;khg m%:ufhl= f,i fhduq jQ fya;=fjks'


´kEu úIhla iïmQ¾Kfhka yeoEÍfuka yd lshùfuka yer tys h:d¾:h l=ulaoeZhs y÷kd .ekSugfkdyels nj nqoaêu;a lsisfjl= okakd lreKls' fuys iudch fkdu. heùu i|yd iïmQ¾K l:dmdGfha b;du iq¿ fldgila f.kyer fmkajd § we;s nj mdGlhskag myiqfjka jegfykq we;' fïiu.u Tng kì uqyïuoa ;=udKkaf.a uy`.=Ndjh ms<sn|j jgyd .ekSu i|yd f,dj ms<s.;a uqia,sïfkdjkakka úiska t;=ukaf.a uysuh f,djg fy<s l< m%ldYhka f.k yer fmkajkakgleue;af;uq'

uqia,sï fkdjk úoaj;=kaf.a u;hka

uqyïuoa ;=udKka ms<sn|j f,dj uqia,ssï fkdjk úoaj;=ka" kdhlhska" b;sydi{hska" rdcHmd,lhska" m%Yxid;aul woyia m<lr ;snqKo thska tla jeo.;a m%ldYk lsysmhla Wmqgd olajkakgwoyia lrkafkuq'

uyd;aud .dkaê ;=ud uqyïuoa ;=udf.a pß;h ms<sn|j “Young India” ^1924& i`.rdjg woyiaolajñka"

http://navedz.com/quotes-mahatma-gandhi-on-prophet-muhammad-pbuh/

—wo f,dj isák oi ,laI ixLHd; yoj;a j, /£ isákd fYa%IaG;u mqoa.,hd ms<sn|j oek .ekSugug wjYH úh' th lshjk úg bia,dï oyu nyq;rhla ukqIH yoj;a j, úfYaI ;ekla .ekSugfya;= jQfha wism; fkdjk nj jegyqKs' thg fya;= jQfha kì jrhdf.a pdï Ôú; rgdjhs' ;uka.ek lsisúfgl fkd;lk mrd¾:ldó .=Kdx.hhs' t;=udf.a fmdfrdkaÿ j,g t;=ud oela jQ jeo.;aluhs' t;=udf.a i.hskag yd wkq.dñlhskag t;=ud oela jQ lemùuhs' t;=udf.a fkdìhjk iq¿ ia:srnj" foú÷ka flfrys t;=ud ;enQ wp, úYajdih" t;=udf.a wruqKq flfrys t;=udg ;snqKqwêIaGdkh hkdÈh t;=uka bÈßfha ;snq ish¨ ndOl iqkqúiqKq l<d ñi th lf<a wism; fkdfõ'kì ;=udf.a Ôú; l;dfõ wjidk fldgi ud lshjd ksu l< úg" t;=ud .ek ug lshjkakg hulake;s nj oel ud buy;a fYdalhg m;a ùñ'˜

uydpd¾h fful,a tÉ' ydÜ kue;s wefußldkq cd;sl úoaj;d kì uqyïuoa ;=udKkams<sn|j olajd ;snq woyia foig wmf.a wjOdkh fhduq lruq'

—f,dj bmÿkq ish¨ kdhlhska ms<sn|j b;d .eUqre m¾fhaIKhl kshe<S 1978 § “The 100:A Ranking

of the Most Influential Persons in History” kue;s .%ka:h m%ldYhg m;a lf<ah' tys § Tyq úiska wxltlg f;dard .kq ,enqfõ uqyïuoa ;=udKkajh' thg fya;= my; i|yka whqßka Tyq bÈßm;a lrwe;af;ah'

—ud úiska uqyïuoa ;=udj f,dj Ôj;a jQ" ck iudcfha hym;g n,mEï l< kdhlhskaf.a,ehsia;=fõ wxl tlg f;dard .ekSu we;euqkaf.a wdYap¾hg yd m%Yak lsÍï j,g ,la úh yel'kuq;a wd.ñl fukau f,!lsl lafIa;%fha fYa%IaG jQ id¾:l;ajhla ,nd .;a ;j;a kdhlfhla ñksiab;sydifha fkdue;'˜

uydpd¾h fla' tia' rdul%sIak rd´ ish “Muhammed" The Prophet of Islam” hk lD;sfha fufiamjihs"

—uqyïuoaf.a pß;h kï mßudKhg we;=,a ù th iïmq¾Kfhka jgyd .ekSu b;d ÿIalr njfmfka' we;af;kau ug .%yKh lrkakg ,enqfKa bka ì|la muKs' th fl;rï ukialdka; isoaêud,djl tl;=jlao@ jfrl foú÷kaf.a hgy;a ÿ;fhla t;=ud ;=<ska ms<sìUq fjhs' fudfyd;skat;=ud ùr fikam;sfhls' úfgl Tyq fjf<kafols' ieKska t;=ud rdc;dka;%slfhls" l:slfhls"iudc m%;sixialrKh lrkafkls' ;j;a t;=ud wkd:hskaf.a /ljf,ls' jy¨ka ksoyia lrkakgfjr orkafkls' ia;%Skaf.a .e,jqïlrefjls' úksiqrefjls' ieoeyej;a mqoa.,fhls' tmuKla fkdjfuu pß; ish,af,au t;=ud tl yd iudk l;dkdhlfhls'˜

od¾Ykslfhl= jQ fcda¾Ê n¾kdâ fIda Tyqf.a “The Genuine Islam” kï 1936 § ,shQ fmdf;awoyia olajñka"


—t;=ud ñksia j¾.hdf.a .e,jqïlrejd hehs wu;kq ,eìh hq;=h' t;=ud jeks mqoa.,fhl= fuuf,dalfha wêrdchd njg m;a jqjfyd;a j¾;udk f,dj uqyqK md isák ishü .eg¿ j,ska t;=udf,dj uqojd f,djg wo w;HjYH ù we;s iduh yd i;=g f.fkkq we; hehs ud ;rfhau úYajdilrñ' f,dj fuf;la md ;nd we;s úYsIag;u mqoa.,hd t;=udh' t;=ud oyula foiqfõh' rdcHhkaia:dms; lf<ah' cd;shla f.dv ke.=fõh' .=K hym;a njg kj uqyqKq jrla bÈßm;a lf<ah' kjfoaYmd,kuh yd iudchSh m%;sixialrKhka wdrïN lf<ah' m%n, yd l%shdYS,S iudchla f.dvke.=fõh' tu iudch uqyïuoaf.a foiqï ish,a, l%shdjg kxjñka ta ish,a, m%dfhda.sl nj f,djgikd: lrñka isák w;r" iodl,a mj;sk fia ukqIH j¾.hdf.a is;=ï me;=ïys yd yeisÍï rgdjkaw;ska uy;a M,odhS fmr<shla we;s lr we;af;ah' ;sßika l%shd j,skao w{dKfha w÷frkaotlsfkld l=<,a ld .ekSfuka yd jy,a nfjka fm<S wd¾:sl wfyaksfha ysksfm;af;a isá wrdîkajthska ksoyia lr iuDêu;a ÈhqKqjla lrd Wiia lrñka udkqIsl idkqlïmdj yd fYa%IaG .=K oïj,ska fyì iudchla fmroeß fldg .;a W;=ï oyul Och hgf;a t;=ud ckhdj tlai;a lf<ah'isjqmdjqka fuka Ôj;a fjñka isá ñksia rxpqjla fïid úYd, wk.sNjkSh ;,hlg m;a lsÍu i|ydt;=ukag .; jqfha oYl foll ld,hla muKla ùu fuu úm¾hdih fj; keKj;a f,dalhdgwe;s jk úu;sh ish oyia jdrhlska jeä lrkq ksh;h'˜

^19& fpdaokdj ( tfukau we;eï úfõplhska w,a l=¾wdkh ñ;Hd m%nkaOhla hehs iudc.;lsÍug fjr ord we;s nj myiqfjka wmg jegfykq we;'

ú.%yh ( w,a l=¾wdkh ñ;Hd m%nkaOhla kï w,a l=¾wdkh my< ùug fmr w;S;fha isÿ ù we;shï oE o úoHdfjka fkdÈhqKq tl," uE;l§ fidhd .kq ,enQ úIhka tys i|yka úh yelaflaflfia oeZhs lshd lreKdlr fudfyd;la is;d n,k f,i b,a,d isákakg leue;af;uq' tfyhskaksjerÈ wjfndaOhlska hqla;j w,a l=¾wdkh foi wjOdkh fhduq lrk f,i f.!rjfhka ydldreKslj b,a,d isákakg leue;af;uq'

*s¾wõka ^Pharaoh&

oekg j¾I 4000 lg muK fmr Bðma;=fõ md,lhd jq fojk /ïfiiaf.a mq;a furfkma;dfkdfyd;a *s¾wjqkaf.a uD; foayh oekg ;ekam;a lr ;sfnkafka lhsfrda k.rfha ;sfnk cd;slfl!;=ld.drfhah'

—tneúka wo Èk kqUg miqj meñfKkakkag kqU ix{djla jkq msKsi kqUf.a foayh wms wdrlaIdlrkafkuq'˜ ^hehs *s¾wjqkag mjikq ,eîh'& ieneúkau ñksiqka w;=ßka fndfyda fokd wmf.a idOlms<sn|j wkjOdkSkaj isá;s'˜ ^w,a l=¾wdka 10(92&

uqyqÿ m;=f,ka fidhdf.k lhsfrda k.rhg f.khk ,o fuu foayh iïnkaOj 1975jif¾§ m%xY úoHd{hskaf.a ix.ufha idudðlfhl= jqo cd;Hka;r lS¾;shg m;a úoHd{fhl= jqouydpd¾h fudßia nqflhs,a úiska kq;k ;dlaIKsl Ys,am l%u Wmfhda.s lr .ksñka jeäÿr mßlaIKmj;ajkq ,eìKs' ish¨ m¾fhaIK wjidkfhaÈ úYauhg m;a Tyq úiska my; i|yka m%ldYkh ksl=;alrk ,§'

—kq;k o;a; w;r Y=oaO jQ .%ka: ms<sn| idOl fidhk msßi *s¾wõkaf.a isrer ms<sn|j l=¾wdka jelsmjik w;sYhska úYauh ckl idOl oel .kakg kï lhsfrda kqjr cd;sl fl!;=ld.drfha rdclshuD;foay ;nd we;s ldurhg hd hq;=hs'˜ ^.%ka:h( “The Bible Quran and Modern Science”&

*s¾wõkaf.a isrer uq¿ uy;a ukqIH j¾.hdg wjjdohla f,iska wdrlaId lrk nj w,al=¾wdka y;ajk ishjfia i|yka l<o l=¾wdkh my< jk iufhys tu uD; foayh lsisÿmqoa.,fhl= jqj o fidhd f.k fkdue;' fuu f;dr;=re ikd: jQfha 19 jk ishjfia tu isrerfidhd.ekSfuka wk;=rejhs' w,a l=¾wdkh úYajfha mrudêm;s úiska my< lrk ,o mKsúvh njgiy;sl lrkakg ;j;a idlaIs wjYH oeZhs Tfnka úuikakg leue;af;uq'

Tnf.a wjOdkh msKsi ;j;a jeo.;a f;dr;=re lsysmhla ixlaIsma;j bÈßm;a lrkakgleue;af;uq'

uy fmdf<dj yd l÷


f,dj fndfyda úYaj úoHd,hkays N+ úoHdj yodrK isiqka Ndú; lrk fm<fmd;la jkzmD:súhZ ^The Earth& .%ka:fha l¾;Djrfhl= jq uydpd¾h *%Ekala fm%ia ^Frank Press& ysgmq weußldkqckdêm;s ðó ldg¾f.a úoHd WmfoaYlhdj isá w;r weußldkq cd;sl úoHd welvñfha ^National

Science Academy of U.S.A.& iNdm;s f,i wjqreÿ 12 la lghq;= l< wfhls' fuu zmD:sùhZ kï.%ka:fha 435 jk msgqfõ i|yka jkafka úYd, l÷ jeá j,g fmdf<dj wNHka;rhg Èj hk uq,a

we;s njh' fuu uq,a b;d ;Èka fmdf<dj yd noaO ù we;s w;r th l=[a[hla ^peg& f,i lghq;=lrñka fmdf<dfjys ia:dhsNdjhg Wmldß jk njhs'

—;jo ñys;,h kqU,d iu. lïmd fkdùug tys iaÒridr oE^l÷& o kqU,d u. y÷kd .; yels jkqmsKsi uxudj;a o .x.djka o Tyq we;s lf<ah'˜ ^w,a l=¾wdka 16(15&

—ñys;,h hykdjla f,i yd l÷ l+[a[ f,i wms ks¾udKh fkdlf<uq o@˜ ^w,a l=¾wdka 78(6-7&

úYajfha fldgila jQ wm mh .id Ôj;a jk mD:súfha ieliqu ms<sn|j we;s b;du kQ;kúoHd;aul fidhd .ekSï j¾I 1450 la muK merKs w,a l=¾wdkfha wxY= ud;%hl mriamr;djlskaf;drj i|yka ù ;sfí kï w,a l=¾wdkfha l¾;Djrhd yd úYajfha ks¾ud;Djrhd tla wfhl= njms<s.ekSug ldyg kï wmyiq;djla ;sìh yels o@

uyd id.rfha wkaOldrh

uqyqÿ m;af,a óg¾ 200 la muK .eUqrg .sh úg wkaOldrh wdrïN ù óg¾ 1000 la .sh úg

tys iïmq¾Kfhkau w÷r mj;sk ;;a;ajhla oelsh yel' fï nj Elder iy Pernetta úiska ,shk ,o

zThe Oceans’ kï .%ka:fha 27 jk msgqfõ i|yka fõ' ñksidg lsñÿï WmlrKhkays wdOdrhfkdue;sj óg¾ 40 lg jvd lsñÈh fkdyelsh' úoHd{hska b;d uE;lÈ iíueßka yd wê;dlaIKWmlrKhkays wdOdrfhka .eUqre id.rfha fuu wkaOldrh fidhd .;a w;r thg wu;rj .eUqreihqf¾ wNHka;r c, r< we;s nj o fidhd .kakd ,§' fïjd ish,a, kq;k úoHd;aul fidhd.eksïh' fï iïnkaOj w,a l=¾wdkh mjik lreKq flfrys wmf.a wjOdkh fhduq lruq'

—ke;fyd;a ^Tjqkaf.a ls%hdjka& .eUqre iuQøfhys we;s wkaOldrhka fuks' /,a,la tû iuQø&hwdjrKh lrhs' thg^tu /,a,g& by<ska ^;j;a& /,a,ls' thg;a by<ska j,dl=<ls' ^fufia& fndfydawkaOldrhkah' bka iuyrla ;j;a iuyrlg by<sks' Tyq ;u w; ^tys& fy<s l< úg th olskakg^mjd& fkdyels ;rï h' ;jo w,a,dya ljfrl=g wdf,dalhla we;s fkdlf<a o túg Tyqg lsisÿwdf,dalhla fkdue;'˜ ^w,a l=¾wdka 24(40&

w,a l=¾wdkh ñksidf.a mshú weiska ksÍlaIKh fldg ks.ukh lr .ekSug fkdyelswdldrfha b;d iqúfYaIS f;dr;=re mD:súh wNHka;rh yd id.r m;a, ms<sn| b;du ksjerÈ ydkQ;k úoHd;aul f;dr;=re bÈßm;a lrkafka kï Tng t<ôh yels ks.ukh l=ula o hkaklreKdlr is;d n,kak'

fuu jelsfha úoHd;aul m%d;syd¾hhg jvd jeo.;a jkafka ñksia Ôú;fha wdf,dalh w;am;alr .ekSu msKsi wm úiska l< hq;=j we;s ld¾hhka ms<sn| is;d ne,Su fkdfõ o@

l<, úoHdj

oekg f,dj m%Odk fmf<a ffjoH úoHd,hkays kdßfõoh mYapd;a Wmdêh yodrK isiqkal<, úoHdj yeoeßu i|yd Wmfhda.s lr .kafka lekvdfõ fgdfrdkafgda úYaú úoHd,fhauydpd¾h lS;a uqj¾ ^Keith Moore& úiska ,shk ,o “The Developing Human” hk .%ka:hhs' NdId wglgmßj¾;kh fldg we;s fuu .%ka:h weußldkq úoaj;a uKav,hla úiska tla wfhl= úiska ,shk ,ofYa%IaG;u úoHd;aul .%ka:h f,i f;dard f.k we;' t;=udf.a fuu m%ldYkhka wvx.= foaYkhgwka;¾ cd,fha youtube.com fjí wvúh u.ska Tng ijka Èug o yelsh' miq.sh oYl ;=k we;=<;úoHd{hska úiska l<,h yd l<,fha j¾Ok wjêka iïnkaOj fidhd .;a lreKq fu;rïiúia;rd;aulj yd mq¾K ksrjoH;djlska hqla;j Y; j¾I 14 lg fmr uqyïuoa ;=ud úiskafy<sorõ lr we;af;a flfia o lshd is;d Tyq w;sYhska uú;hg m;a úh'

—;jo ieneúkau wms ueáfhka hq;a idrfhka ñksidj ueõfjuq' miqj wms wdrlaIl ia:dkfhys^.¾NdYfhys& Y=l% Od;=jla f,i Tyqj m;a lf<uq' miqj wms Y=l% Od;=j ^wef,kiq¨& f,a leáhlanjg ujd miqj f,a leáh uia lene,a,la njg ujd miqj uia lene,a, wiaÓ njg ujd miqj wms


tu wiaÓ udxYfhka me,÷fjuq' miqj fjk;a uejqula njg wms th ks¾udKh lf<uq' ks¾udmlhskaw;=ßka b;d w,xldr w,a,dya w;s W;alDIag úh'˜ ^w,a l=¾wdka 23(12-14&

bia,duh f,dfõ ´kEu fldKl Ôj;a úh yels wkaoñka wOHd;añl wxYh muKla fkdjf,!lsl Ôú;fha mjd ;uka uqyqK fokakd jQ ish¨ úIhka wka;¾.; lr .ksñka i¾j m%ldrfhkajglr .kakd jQ iïmQ¾K Ôjk l%uhls' WodyrK f,i lDIsl¾uh" i;aj úoHdj" N+f.da, úoHdj"WoaNs; úoHdj hkd§ úoHd;aul úIhka muKla fkdj"^w,a l=¾wdka 56(63$24-45$88(19-20$36(36& ñksia.;s.=K yd yeisÍï12 iïnkaOjo" fi!LH iïnkaOjo" wd¾Ólh13 iïnkaOjo" ñksia m%fõKshiïnkaOjo" uyd mdmhka iïnkaOjo" foaYmd,kh14 iïnkaOjo" hqoaOh15 iïnkaOjo" wmrdOkS;sh16 iïnkaOjo" wOHdmkh17 iïnkaOjo" mjq,a Ôú;h18 iïnkaOjo" urKska u;= Ôú;hiïnkaOjo ksrh yd iaj¾.h iïnkaOjo" ñksia Ôú;hg wjYH ish¨ yd wkd.;fha § uqyqKfokakd jQ ish¨ úIhka iïnkaOjo w,a l=¾wdkfha jels 6666 la ;=< wka;¾.;j ;sfnk njmjikakg leue;af;uq'

kuq;a wm b;d lK.dgqjg m;ajk lreKla kï fuf,i úYaj fldaIhla n÷ w,a l=¾wdkhyd bia,duh ms<sn| w,am ud;%hl oekqulska f;drj hqoaOh iïnkaO jels lsysmhla f.k tajd fmdÿkS;shla hkafkka fndre m%pdrhla t,a, lsÍug fjr oeÍu ms<sn|jhs' we;euqka úiska fjí wvúj,ska wyq,d .;a fuu úlD;s lrk ,o jels lsysmh yd ;j;a fndfyda bia,dï úfrdaëka úiskabia,duhg t,a, lrñka isák jels iïnkaOj nqoaêuh fldaKfhka n,k f,i b;d ldreKsljb,a,d isákakg leue;af;uq' tjka .eg¿ iy.; ish¨ b.ekaùï wm okakd nj;a fujka u;fNaow;S;fha mgka mej;s nj;a tjeks ish¨ lreKq j,g lreKq myod §ug wm iQodkñka isák nj;aokajd isákakg leue;af;uq'

w,a l=¾wdkh úYajfha mrudêm;s úiska my< lrk ,o mKsúvh njg iy;sl lrkakg;j;a idlaIs wjYH oeZhs úuikakg leue;af;uq' w,a l=¾wdkh ñ;Hd m%nkaOhla kï tajd tfiaisÿúh yelafla flfia o@ tfukau uE; l,l § úoHd{hska úiska fidhd .kq ,enQ úoHd;aulkshuhka wjqreÿ 1400 lg fmru uqyïuoa ;=udKkag w,a l=¾wdkh msßkud f,djg fy<s lr ;sfíkï tys i;H;dj jika l< yelafla ld ygoeZhs úuikakg leue;af;uq' tfyhska ksjerÈwjfndaOfhka hqla;j w,a l=¾wdkh foi wjOdkh fhduq lrk f,i f.!rjfhka yd ldreKsljb,a,d isákafkuq'

bia,duhg yd w,a l=¾wdkfha b.ekaùï j,g úreoaOj ie,iqï iy.;j §¾> ld,hla;siafia l%shd;aul jk úreoaOjd§ka úúO udOHh Tiafia oafõI iy.; m%pdr f.k hoa§;a Èkm;df,dj mqrd W.;a nqoaêu;a msßi bia,duh lrd meñKSuu bia,duh ms<sn| ish¨ fpdaokd idjOHnjg m%n, idlaIShls' tfukau bia,dufha b.ekaùï úfõpkh lrkakg fyda úu¾Ykh lrkakgwjYH kï ta i|yd bia,dï úfrdaëkaf.a fjí wvú fhdod fkdf.k i;Hh uQ,dY% wOHhkh lrkfuka b;d ne.Em;aj b,a,d isákafkuq'

;ukaf.a wd.ñl yd jd¾.sl wkkH;dj /l .ksñka yd wka whf.a wd.ñl yd jd¾.slwkkH;djg f.!rj lrñka lghq;= lrk fY%aIaG wdo¾Yu;a rgla f,i wmf.a ud;D N+ñh h<sf.dv k.uq' wfkHdakH wjfndaOh f.dvke.Su mokï lr f.k ilia flfrk fuu ,smsh wmwjxl f,iu wfmalaId lrkafka YS% ,dxflah ieug iqyo;ajh iduh yd ifydaor;ajfhka imsßw,xldr iudc mßirhla f.dv ke.Sugh' fuu Wodr wfmalaIdj idlaId;a lr .ekSu msKsi wmiu. w;aje,a ne| .kakd f,i b;d ldreKslj yd f.!rj mQ¾jlj wdrdOkd lrkafkuq'

12& 2(45$ 2(155$ 90(17$ 4(90$ 2(267$ 15(88$ 2(273$ 4(149$ 4(45$ 21(91$ 2(283$ 4(148$ 49(12 hkdÈ jels'

13& 2(247$ 6(152$ 2(83$ 2(233$ 2(177$ 2(188$ 2(275$ 2(42$ 6(152$ 3(77$ 2(282$ 2(245$ 2(265 hkdÈ jels'

14& 3(159$ 3(26$ 2(247$ 4(105$ 4(135$ 5(2$ 5(8$ 5(42$ 7(29$ 49(9 hkdÈ jels'

15& 4(75$ 4(91$ 2(192$ 2(190$ 5(2$ 49(9 hkdÈ jels'

16& 5(38$ 4(112$ 2(84$ 4(15 hkdÈ jels'

17& 3(137$ 6(11$ 39(9$ 3(18$ 5(63 hkdÈ jels'

18& 57(27$ 2(187$ 2(288$ 17(24$ 2(83$ 26(86$ 2(233$ 2(215$ 2(181$ 6(137$ 12(05$ 4(08 hkdÈ jels'

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