-BtTSELEן?~%,

,חסת,תןן

1,א.ו=[יג 8991MAYSheet:Information

SteinYaelbyWritten

RokayaAbuNajibandHamedAbuFuadbyFieldwork

ShulmanzvibyTranslated

SherDinabyDesignGraphic

'Eid)~assem(Photo:CheckpointTarqomiyahCover:

forIndividualthe0,DefencetheforCenterHaMoked:thanksB'Tselemן1יassistanceתן

report.thispreparing

0792-8114]55"

B'TSELEM8991MAYSheet:Information

RULEAIUDDIVIDEProhibitionח98858980

andStrip0828thebetweenBankWestthe

93141Jerusalem5,.זRefaimEmek43btselem@actcom.co.il:[-02(5610756ןומתו(Fax.5617271)02,Tel.

http://www.btselem.org5116:Web

foundedwasTerritoriesOccupiedtheתוRightsHumanfo[CenterIn~ormationIsraeliThe-B'TselemB'TselemKnesset0,Members3חהjournalists.academics.authors,lawyers.0,group3by1989תן

abusesrightshumandocumentsחןthembringsandTerritoriesOccupiedtheסattentionthe1ס,research,and~ieldworkindependentחסbased31"data115publicgeneraltheandpolicymakers

organizations.rightshumanIsraeliandPalestinianחוסווdataandmedia,thesources,o~ficial

BankWestthe8תמstripGazathebetweenrights,humanfundamentalseveralviolates

movement,0,~reedom1סrighttheprimarilyinternationalOfprovislonscontravenesand

fulfil).10undertookIsraelthatlaw

reportsseveraIpublishedhasB'Tselemתס

Occupiedthe0חimposedclosuretheandyearsseveralpasttheoverTerritoriesחס

Occupiedthe0,residents0חaffect5ןיbyreportsandreports,TheseTerritories.

this0חorganizationsrightshumanotherclosureIsrael'sofeffectthereviewedsubject,

Occupiedtheofresidents0חpolicythebycauseddamagetheandTerritories

thewithonlydealsreportThisclosure.prohibitiontheofconsequencesחס

fromTerritoriesOccupiedthe0,residentsWesttheandstripGazathebetweenpassing

policy.closureoverallthe0,partasBank,

reportTheן,ן]]safethedescribeק%8558"agreementsthe,חstipulatedarrangements

חמ8י]ן,ןsituation,currentthedescribeח,Tooperation.ן5זסחחןpassagethewhich

includesreporttheproblem,theillustrateresidentsTerritoriesOccupiedOftestimonieshavetheybecauseharmedbeenhavewhoStripGazathebetweenpass10unablebeen

Bank.Westthe8חמ

Introduction

PalestinetheandIsraelAccords,0510theחוthatstated(PLO)OrganizationLiberationGazatheandBankwesttheconslderthey

territorial"onestripזוחט..ח]orderז0agreedpartiestheprinciple,thisזת"תו"וקתזן

establishedbewouldpassage""safe8thatWesttheandstrip0828the,חווwouldthat

enable10wasintentionTheBank.territoryיIsraeli,rough1הpass0ןllestinians8ק

AuthorityPalestinianthe0,areaonefrominsidestoppingwithoutanother.10,גהקן

Israel.

detailedsummarizedAgreementInte[imTherral8ח4"ח]lerחזOfoperationfor3"1ש58ש)

WesttheandstripGazathebetweenpassagehaveyearstwothanmoreAlthoughBank.

thesignedpartiesthesincepassedpromisesrepeateddespiteandagreement,

officlalsbyחן,haspassagesafetheIsraelזסחimplementedbeenyet

agreements,politicalareAccords0510Theo[ganization,rightshuman883B'Tselem,and

reportThisthem.חסpositionoverall0חhasviolationsrightshumanthewithonlydeals

the0,~-חסחimplementationfromresultingThepassage.safetheסז[elatingprovislons

residentsPalestinian0חprohibitioncurrentmovingfromTerritoriesOccupiedtheof

Palestiniansmostimposed,wasTerritoriesroutinely.[sraelenter0ןcontinuecouldgraduallypolicypermitIsrael'sHowever,

the1991,תוbeginningThus,stricter.becameOccupiedtheofresidentsofnumber

lerusalemEastandIsraelenteringTerritoriesdecreased.steadily

whichתוsituation8createdpolicynewThedividedwereTerritoriesoccupiedtheות01

thembetweenpassagewithareas,threeauthorities:Israelithefrompermit8requiring"857andBank,westthest[ip,Gazathe

BankWestthewithinMovementlerusalem.roadmainthe85insofarlimited,8150was

0,areasnorthernandsouthernthebetweenWesttheחוlerusalem.throughpasses38וחז0

prohibited.wasentrywhich

permitexitgeneraloftheRevocationחו1991permanenttheofbeginningthemarked

twoapex51ןreachedwhichpolicy,closurekillingthefollowing1993,Marchחוlater.yearsforcessecurityq'YandcivillansIsraeli"חוחof

theofresidentsPalestinianbypersonnelimposed15]801Territories,Occupiedח8

TerritoriesOccupiedthe0חclosureoverallclosure,theenforceTonotice."further.ווזחט

GreenthealongcheckpointsupsetIsraelBank,WesttheandIsraelseparatingLine

lerusalem,EastandBankWestthebetweenTerritories.Occupiedthewithinand

andsparinglygrantedwereApprovalsPalestinians.0זunknowncriteria10according

0510Theeffect.תןremainspolicyclosureThethatchangesgeo-~politicalthe8חמAccords

these0חeffectסחalmosthadfollowedvariesclosurethe0,severityTherestrictions.

example,Forcircumstances.חסdepending

Background

Israel's1967,חוWar,Six-~DaytheFollowingandBankWesttheחןcommandersmilltary

theseproclaimingordersissuedstripGazaareasזareas.militaryclosedbe0וח].1972

Theseissued.wereordersexitgenera[residentsTerritoriesOccupiedallowedס1

enterf[eely,TerritoriesOccupiedtheleavebetweenpassandlerusalem,East8חמIsrael

ResidentsBank.WesttheandstripGazatheallowedח0זwereTerritoriesOccupiedthe0,

betweenlerusalemEastand15]801חוstay0ן1ח.[.8חמ8לח.[.8

restrictedIsraeltime,fi[stthefor1989,luneחוstrip,Gazatheחןpermits.exitgeneralthewherebysystem,magnetic-card8usedIsrael

חallowedwerecard8suchwiththose0(1ז0isslleזסחdidauthoritiesThestrip.theleave

formerprisoners,released1סcardsmagneticevenordetainees,administrative

anddetainedbeenhadwhoPalestiniansagainstfiledbeingchargeswithoutreleasedthanrathergreen,88"חwesttheחןthem

,issuedwerecardsidentityorangeז0fromprohibitedIsraelwhomPalestinians

Territories.Occupiedtheleaving

IsraelWar,Gulftheduring,1991lanuaryחןsinceimplementedhadזןpolicythechangedןocculfirst1קמשוOCCIIItheקTerritories,,iedחן

were1972ofpermitsexitgeneralThe1967.Occupiedthe0,residenteveryandrevoked,I

have10hadIsraelenter0זwantingTerritories0,effectThepermit.exitpersonalפ

permitexitgeneralthe0,revocationח0wasresidentsTerritoriesOccupiedחס1

permitsmanyissuedIsraelfirst-4זimmediate.rorexceptandperiods,longrelativelyfor

Occupiedthe0חclosure10188יwhichחןdays

forissued58ליdirectivesimilar(/.7691-727ןו341.04לRegion)Bank(westAreasClosed10relatingOrder.וterritorytheandlerusalemEastannexedIsraelst[ip.Gazatheיvillages,several0חטdoordersthese8ח10.

lerusalemEastthatcommunityinternationalthe,קס5ן1וסחסthesharesB'Tselemthemapplytotherefore,OfPolic~48',ז5"ו"וחseematte[,this()חBank.Westofthepartcomprlsingterritory.occupied5ן

:euildin~andPlanninpEtpropriation,LandDiscrimina(ionח,)lanuarylerusa(emEas)ן.1997and(IudeaProvision)(Emergency1ןא0.לPermitExitGeneralofSuspension10relatingDirective2.

st[ip.0328theforissuedwasdirectivesimilar4.1991-ל7לוSamaria),

Israelis,againstviolenceofacts0זresponseintifadatheAfterstrikes.ordemonstrations,

curfew8imposedfrequentlyIsraelout~brokeoccupiedtheחוareascertain0חclosureorTerritoriesOccupiedthe81חסיorTerritories

ofnumberthe~illages,andtowns50"ת1ותone-thirdreachedimposedwascurfew8days~ascurfewnightpermanent(/year.theof

imposedחthe0פMayfromstrip082ן988.theenteredPNAthewhen1994,Mayווזחט

most1993,ווזחטHowever,st[ip.GazaobtaincouldresidentsTerritoriesOccupied

thebetweentravelandIsrael0סןח01וpermitsstripGazaחמ85long85BankWestthe8ח0

3effect.חן~asclosureorCL1[fEW

theisraelis,againstviolencePalestinianafterduringclosure,701818lrnposeauthorities

whichחexceptgranted,arepermitsexit0חוalso15closure101פי(/cases.exceptional

TerritoriesOccupiedthe0חimposedoftenholidays.Israeliduring

the0,occupationtheofbeginningtheSinceTerritories,Occupiedחן,hadIsrael1967ח10

lengthyandsweepingsuchimposed811ofmovementofrightthe0חrestrictions

OccupiedtheofresidentsPalestinian.Territoriesוחimposed[sraelpast.theח8110

areascertain0חorTerritories,Occupiedtheorcurfew8Territories,liedקocculחו"1שwithi

usuallytime,0,periodlimited8forclosureחן

The~'Tselem,others,among,seeclosure-חופinherentvlolatlonsrightshumantheחסdetailsFor3.Clasure"(GazatsndBankwesl1%וק."saeainstVialationsRi~htsHumatt5)~Resideנ,,Terr(t~riesO(cupied,4ו"ק,)

liddl(Watch/MiRightsumanוו]קי/ון1996,חc(osureunderViolationsRi~htsHuman)LihHIIS:WilhOul.e'Tselem,,)993וIsraeliTheRights,"חפחוטforCenterPalestinian19961,(lulystrivGazaandDankWesl14"ofclosureIsrael'sEast,

~EvalualionHumanitarianandPolilicalLegal,-Closure01POlic)ן.1996

Accords08~0the~חPassage"8816"The

theAgreement,Interimthe[זווח".7חthat81passagetheoperate10agreedparties

0,territorythe811andstripGazathebetweenwesttheת,888

יthestipulatesAgreementInterimThe

Occupiedofpassageforprocedurespassage.safetheviaresidentsTerritories

passagetheagreement,the10Accordingוון,עtheחןcheckpoints:fourthroughoperatedbe

Erez81crossing8beיון,עtherestrip,GazaandpersonswhichthroughCheckpoint,

Checkpoint,Karni81andpass,.ווועvehiclesthe[תcross.וון,ןgoodsonlywhichthrough

the8יc[ossing8beוון,ןthereBank,WestandDistrict,HebronCheckpoint,Tarqomiyahtheתןplacedbeווושthatcheckpointanotherwaslocationprecisewhosearea,HoronMevo

was[זagreement.theתןstipulated10חbewouldpassagesafethethatstipulated

exceptday,perhours10תleast8זoperatedandDay,Memorial[sraeliKippur,Yomfor

passagethewhenDay,IndependenceIsraeliclosed.beוון,ן

movingthoseagreement,the10Accordingrequiredarepassagesafethealongסhave1פ

issue.וון,ןIsraelwhichcard,"passage"safe

mayIsraelenter10permit8havingPersonsneedthewithoutcrossingthethroughpass

be1ן,ןוcardTheapproval.other8תיforpoints,crossingthe8זIsraelbystamped

estimatedtheandexitoftimethenotingPersonspoint.secondthe81arrivaloftimeforbiddenarepassagesafethealongmoving

thewithcomplymust8חמroad,theleave10crossingthe8זcardtheתסstampedtimes

delaysmedicalemergencyforexceptpoints,

theandIsrael,5"ק[וח(וקוofDeclarationtheחוWesttheviewsidestwo-'thethat,agreed)([ק

territorialsingle885stripGazatheandBa~kduringpreservedbeווו,ןintegritywhose,זוחט

wasdeclarationThis4ייperiod.interimtheinterimsubsequenttwotheחוrepeated

1agreements.

dealingAgreement,Interimthe0,1Annexחוrepeatedpartiesthematters,secu[itywith

length:זפundertakingthisterritorialthemaintain10o[de[חן

GazatheandBankWesttheofintegrityterritorialsingle8asst[ipזוחט,חמ8ז0theandgrowtheconomictheirpromote

geographicalanddemographicווח,5shallsidesboththem,between

Annex,thisofprovisionstheimplementwithoutpreservingandrespectingwhile

movementsmooth8חמnormalobstacles,thewithingoodsandvehicles,people,of

BankWestthebetweenandBank,west6stripGazatheמתפ

theandst[ipGazathebetweenMovementIsrael.throughpassingrequiresBankWest

Entryוחז8withoutIsrael0זותו])ק15closurepermanenttheunderprohibited

TheTerritories.occl1piedthe0חimposedoperationfortherefore,provide,agreements

andBankWestthelinkingpassage""safe0פ,vehicles,persons,whichalongstrip.Gazatheחמeoods8י,ן,deviatingwithoutpass1חן0[,

Israeli0חstoppingwithoutandroutetheirforcallsAgreementCairoTheterritory.

betweenonlypassageפsuch0,operationonlybecauselericho,andstripGazathe

PNAthe10transferredbeenhadareasthese

.DeclarationThe4,0ק[וח(וקו(5חsignedArrangements,Self-GovernngInterim0חןWashingtonח1304.art..ח(ןקו"5ןpr,,0יDeclarationtheherealter:1993וSeptember

Cairothe(herealter:1994May40חsignedArea,lerichotheandstripGazathe0חAgreement.לsignedstrip.GazatheandBankwestthe0חAgreementInterimIsraeli-Palestinian23,6(:.1]פAgreement),

תSeptember280לInterimthe(hereafter:199,(11arts.Agreement)((3andן.)8(Agreement.Interimofthe1Annex0,(21ןArticle6.

Agreement.CairotheofוAnnex0,9Art.7.Agreement.Interimthe0,וAnnex0,10Art~8.

throughcrossingtheirallowingpermit8Israel.'

,rral8passagesafe"Thתllatedipul511Igementsת1thatindicateclearlyagreementthe

arrangementstheseofimplementation(reeofsituation8create1תסwould

residentsTerritoriesOccupiedOfmovementBank.Westtheandstrip0828thebetween

wouldareastwothesebetweencrossingEachrequirewouldandIsraelbysupervisedbe

thefrompermitappropriatetheobtainingauthorities.Israeli

thatstipulatedwasיוproblems.technicalorofmannerthe0תarrangementsprecisethe

forcardspassagesafetheofissuancedeterminedbewouldvehiclesandpersons

matters.security~orcommitteeן0ןחיtheby

fromprohibited15]801whomPalestiniansthealongtravelwouldterritory51ןenteringthebyaccompaniedbusesחןpassagesafe

operatewouldwhichForce,PoliceIsraelp.m.2!00anda,m.7:00betweenweek8twice81obtain,סזrequiredbeווןעוpersonsThese

voyage,intendedtheir1סpriordaysfiveleast

~ment"%חarral:he10(יexceptpassage,sa(e1"ש(orIrrangements8[31וsimillatesstipulAgreementroו)8The9.AgreementCairoofthe1ofAnnex9Art.Israel.enter10permitshave10חdowhopersonsregarding

withaccordanceחוanddiscretion,Israel's81permits,crossingobtain)8חpersonsthesethatstipulatescase.eachתוindi~iduallysetbe1111יthatprocedures

SituationCurrentThe

ofoperationregardingsuggestionsSeveralthesinceraisedbeenhavepassagesafethe

PNATheAgreement.Interimthe0,signinghighwayelevated8תbuildingproposed

partsoutherntheandstripGazathebetweenwas11thatcontendedandBank,westthe0,

build10fundsnecessarythe[aise10ableזן16AuthorityTrainsandPortsIsraeliThe

wollldthattrackrailroad8layingsuggested8strip,Gazathe8חמBankWesttheן0,ח

officials.'7Europeanbysupportedproposalspecially8operate10wasproposallastThe

st[ipGazathebetween"חווbusprotectedwasideasthese0,None1לBank.Westtheand

implemented.ever

partiesthebetweendisagreementsSeveralsafetheofoperationupholdingare

the0ןrelatesdisputeprincipalThe19passage.north.theתןpointcrossingthe0,locationthisthatstipulatesAgreementInterimThe

IsraelHoron."Mevo"aroundbeי]ן,יpointareatheחןeast,furtherbe0ןpointthewants

this,opposePalestiniansTheRamallah0,wouldthatprecedent8bewouldזןfearing

border,futuretheofdeterminationaffectח8final-statustheחןresolvedbe1סissue

negotiations.example,Forexist.alsodisagreementsOther

thatstatesAgreementInterimthepassagesafethealongאו]וtraveli5חפוחllestil8קre~usesPNAThelaw.Israeli0זsubjectbe,]1עוזpowerhavewouldIsraelthataccept0ז0

safethealongmovingpersonsdetain

Agreement,CairotheofsigningtheSinceח]uponagreedinitiallypartiesthewhich

thebetweenpassagesafethe0,operationhasIsraelBank,Westtheandst[ip0828

wouldpassagethethatpromisedrepeatedlythe1994,August[חsoon.operationalbe

andCoordinationtheofmeeting88יpartiesthe0חagreedreportedlyCommitteeLiaison

passagesafetheofoperationimmediateApriI]]4,0lericho.andGazabetweenל,199ן1

pavedbeenhasway"thethat,reportedwasGazabetweenpassagesafetheoperating~or

wasל,99[זןDecember[וח,.lerichoמחפpassagesafetheoflanes--twothat,reportedbe,]1]חו38עwestthe8חמGazabetween

ק"חימthe0,endtheby0הזחסתוייו2ח]the0,1,8טחthatstatedwas1996זן,lanuaryguardסזestablishedbeenhadPoliceBorder

was996[זן,lune[יוחpassagesafethesource,military810accordingthat,[eported

theand[DFthebetween-'discussions

essentiallyarematterthisחןPalestinianstheoperateקסוווע,]ח0זthesincetechnical,

passagesafeוזחט]פgovernmentnewן314.formed.

havepartiesTheחagreedYet10חסannexThepassagesafetheimplementingז0

1997,lanuary0,Agreement,Hebronthethe0,oneaspassagesafetheincludes

Althoughurgently.discussedbe10subjectsthethen.sincepassedhasyear8than"וח0וhavepassagesafetheovernegotiationsח0ז

concluded.yetיו

ן0.,12",0'10,לןAugustן499.].1ק'ג,,,2,"7וווק.,ל.99[

.December7A~aronol,Yediot]2ל.99[.13הג'םודlanuary30,21ן699,

.14הק'"ודlune7,21ן699_requesttheזפAnnexthepreparedEast,Middlethe,0יemissaryspecialStates'UnitedtheRoss,31ןל.ס"חח

subjectsdelineatedAnnexThePNAtheofheadArafat,YassirandNetanyahu3םחופחווחMinister"0ח]ווק,promptly~withdealtbemustthatHebron10unrelated

.6[לג'ה,"ןDecember8,2ל_199.lanuary22Aharo~ot,Y"diot17ן699ו,lanuary3Ha'arelz.1996:February23Ma'arivן799.

]997.luly"1997.luly2A~aronot,Yediot18.]995.February261997.May6,699ןlune7Ha'aretz,example.,ן9.,""5וס

passagepermanent""חזח5טוintendedduri~gincludingyear,thethroughout

]101doWelericho.מחפGazabetweenclosu[ethe0,result8asproblemssecurityexpect

thesignedHaving22ייpassage.safetheoperate0זןזobligatewhichagreements,

those105,נlaterץפחוזסחIsrael,קנ1355םalreadyhavewhichconsiderations,security

examined,beenנpreclusion85ז0וחקןשוח"ח1פ1,סח.,

longAsפpassagesafethe5ן5ח10,remainspolicyclosureIsrael'soperationalחן

theof[esidenteve[ywherebyel~ect-wantingTerritoriesOccupiedס1עסרח"

~ankWesttheמחפstripGazathebetweencriteriaThe151301.frompermitפobtainmust

ext[emelyarepermittheobtaininglorlengthyפinvolveקח,מחפחו"ממחפ

process.bureaucraticי2

PNA.the1סpolNeVSוסtransfertheSincesubmit1סrequiredחש"הhave5קפ1ם15,חונח

thethroughpermitsvariousforrequeststheir.ThePNAק"requestthefo[wards4סי

CoordinationDistrictIsraelithe31officialswhodistrict,[elevanttheחן(DCO)"(,,,)(Therequesttheg[ant10whetherdecide

forrequest3Onlyapplicantthe11,סforwardspreliminary35ןwhichcard,magnetic3

exitוס,חנrequest8submittingrocondition,permitןsubmitted5פthe1ופ"1וDCO,15חמ3

thewhichוווprocedureonlythe15thisresidentPalestinianפקקוו"directly5ס1חפ

authority.Is[aeli

explanation,without[eiecred(ונRequestsחמthe8ן5ונ(ןוgiveonlyoftenaurhoririesנ

occurfrequentlyReiectionsresponse.verbaIapplicant,theסזrelatedreasons'--'securityן0ו

thiswhichטק0חlactsthethoughח"עיunclear.are15םמנרןוdetermination

be~orereiectionsופ"קקפalsoPalestiniansapplicantsaretimeזהסחo~licials;Palestinian

operationinvolvesdisputeAnotherpassage.passagetheorחס.AccordingSaturdaysז015passagetheagreement.theסopenbe1וןנ

daysth(eeofexceptionthewithyear,theoperate1סrefusesIsraelHowever,thethatallegingSaturday.0חpassage

alterprimarilyhigh,toobewouldexpe~setransferred1511operating,01responsibilityס1

whoinvolvesdisputeAnother.5וע[וו3ח(חפחמו]עי]establishingofexpensethebearחמ8

passage.safeיחזoperating

sec~lrity1"1פcontendsalsoIs[ael58,"the01operationpreventconsiderations

the1סresponseחןexample.Forpassageקנןי15וחופחIsraelthatcontentionן5byagreementpeacethebreachingזסח

Gazathe0,unityterritorial,חןrecognillngstripמחנwesttheחפל",Coordinatorזה"ח-

occupiedtheחןActivities1[סע"וחוחיחזforShahor,(ח"ולGeneralMaiorTerritories,

,lsraelstated'-םמ"תוחי1סחרח),1חר"חbut),1ח,theprincipallyneeds,security,15practice,

,ofrealizationmakeclosureה,15ופקו)חווקbetweenmeetingל2-חןנdillicult

Major8חמB'Tselem0יrepresentativesGeneralוו,4,חפ4פח,headוסTerrortheח1י-4thatstatedDaganGeneral,4טחו1,נוסו

problematic,,5passage5",נthe,סoperationGazabetween-'passagebecauseמחממטן""

icationsתוטחcomIfacilitateחמ3חרנ58נוועי,ןוcommands.ter[oristthebetweenי1-

considerationssecurityזפהזcontentionThepassagesafetheofoperationpreclude

thewhenthatgivennowvoicedbecannotproperthedrafted,wereagreementsפ1הור(י,

Palestinians'the"מחsecurityIsrael'sbetweenrightזwasmovementoffreedom0ע"ו4"םמ.,

MayחוAgreement,Cairothe5"ויחוחA~ter,Generalthen-lnspector]994וסtheק0[ו(",

-'Thethat,statedHefetz.Assaf)0,)חרחרו55וסחsecurityexpect1חסdoes~-orceIJoliceIsrael

thebetweenpassage5נ,םthefromproblemsהst[ip323מחפס"),י"ןsaleTheק3558",ן5

.20ו",ג'ג":,alsosee1996-November27ח,לח,ק[23,2עןטן.1996The.21חל",1ווויwasמ,"החסlanuarY29ן.997

,22ג'גו"1:,"יןנע4,ן499. ~'Tselem.see.4"ס1ה,1קpowers0,"וסווקסןןונח5ןprocessbureaucratic1,י,הdescriptionנFor23.1""of,""ןי,,קץrhe,ח,,"1י,ע,,מגמ"מA(livilies,(ק,)"גץ,אל,,)מ,עו,!ח,חל],ל"י,4,למגח,1,ץגןוע,מ[4,קח,,עלקמל,ןגו"קל

1994(.(Septemberמ,(,ג,"1,קמק,י,,ק,)מ,,ק

westtheandstripGazathebetweenח,_88criteria,applicablecurrentlytheUnder

bemustIsrael,תwork10wishingPalestinians8withoutandmarried,twenty-fivei"ove[

1998,March[י2.חrecord.criminalorsecurityageminimumthethatreportednewspapers

10loweredbeenhadIsraelחןworking(orremainסזpermitsthatandtwenty-three,

overnightחן26grantedbeingwereIsraelח]theforSpokespersonDror,Shlomoaddition,

"Quotasthat,8'TseleminformedCoordinator,beenhadIs[aelחןworkers5זוחו8ח"]קפfor

themeetswhoanyonethatandrescindedenter(8וחwork0זplace81185andc[iteria

movementabove,theסזContrary.27Israel.st[ipGazathebetweenחמBankWestthe8ן5

8forexceptimpossible,almostcur[entlyfamily,0]establishedarrangementspecialbelow.describedbeshallwhichvisitation,

maintainresidentsstrip0828and581חwestprohibitionThel~fe.ofsectors[;ת,פtiesclose

thereforeregionsthebetweentravel0חprohibitionThethemaffectsseverelyח0westtheandstripGazathebetweenpassagetheandlawinternationalcontravenes38חו

whichmovement,0,freedom10rightן5internationalseveralחןincorporated

undertookandsignedIsraelthatconventionsסז.consequencesthe0,Becauseful[i[lח0

prohibitionthefrom[esultinglifeוופח]ק8ן"5זוareas,thebetweenpassageunrestricted0ח

Occupiedtheofresidents0,rightsotherthemamongpreiudiced,alsoareTerritories

10rightthelife,familyפmaintainסזrightthe28education.8ס1חrighttheandwork,

15]801]beforedirectlycasetheirargueסזabledecision-makers.

amongentities,Israeli0,involvementTheo[teno[ganizations,rightshumanthem80,approvalחוresultsmiraculouslyWhilerequest.reiectedpreviouslyחוופק"]ק"

Dror.ShlomoprovidedB'Tselemreport,this0,CoordinatortheforSpokesperson

OccupiedtheחןActivitiesGovernmentwhosepersoneight0,15פןוTerritories,

thereach10Israelthough55ן0קפrequestsbeenhadBankWesttheorstripGaza

intervention,B'Tselem'sFollowingrejected.throughpass0זthemofsevenallowedIsrael

personswereallowedthoseAmongIsraelrejectedpreviouslybeenה8מrequestwhose

interventionThereasons."-'security,07יסtheofDefencetheforCenterHaMoked:

8obtainingחוassistEdhasalsoIndividualrequest]8]וחוזthewherecases)זוחו]"קחוחפחו

theindicatesandImproper]5procedureThisreiectsIsraelwhichwitharbitrariness

beeninitiallyhadrequestthe1,requests0,interventionthemerits,5חסוזexamined

a((ect1חסwouldo[ganizationsrightshumanthisralsedB'TselemWhenoutcomethe

theforSpokespersonthewithpointtheofofficethethatarguedheCoordinator,OperationsGovernmentofCoordinatorחוthehave10חdoesTerritoriesOccupiedthe

check10necessaryresourcesfinanciaI24request.everyandeachthoroughly

,AbsurdlyזוPalestinian8~ortodayeasier15ז0move0ןthan[sraelחוworkandente[

1998.lanuary190חe'TselemwithconversationtelephoneחופStated24.Government0,Coordinatorthe,07SpokespersonDror,Shlomo,,0ן99מ,חוlanuary80ו,letter.ל.2חןפ

Is[ael.[חRights)1.1יlorAssociationThe10Territories,OccupiedtheחןOperationsל,March20Ha'arelz,2ן899.

GovernmentofCoordinator711",07Spokesperson0707,Shlomofrom]99,מFebruary120,letter,27חופ.B'Tselem10Territories,Occupiedthe,חOperations

reportstheseepolicy,closure51חןןlawinte[national0,vlolatlonsIsrael's,סdescriptionפFor2.לmentionedחוח)._3

over[ז0ת"תonlyappliesarrangementThisthirty-five,overwonnenandforty-five

GeneralIsrael'sthat)85"each[חprovidedthemconsider1חסdoesServicesecurity

Individualsieasons."securityfor"precluded

visitcannotcriteriathesemeetח0זdowhounderChildrenmembersfamilytheirdofourteenחrequire10פזוח]ו"קוו

arrangementThisןdoesandarbitrary5חס1theofresidents0,needsactualthereflect

extremeTheTerritories.Occupiedvisitorsofthe8""5the0ןrelating[estrictions

occupiedthe0,residentsenanypreventrelatives.theirmeetingf[omTerritories

createsIrrangement8agreed-uponTheח8Palestinianforquotasthesituation:absurd

haveIsraelחוstayingandenteringworkersforsetbeenhavequotaswhilerevoked,been

theand~ankWestthebetweenmovementmalesfor8""minimumThestrip.Gazatwenty-~two5ןwork0זIsraelenter0זallowedthewhich88ז""thethanloweryears

Is[aelthroughpass10malesallowauthoritiesOccupiedtheחן[elativestheirvisit0ן

Territories.

A~ul~rahimHassanl~rahiml~tisamchildren,0שוו4ןשmarried29,S~ahala,

Gaza~lofresident

married[1993,חןRamallah.חוbornwas1Shahala,AbuTaufiq8-Latif'AbdMuhammad

withlive1סtheremoved[082".חןIivedwhoMahmud,8חמRamichildren,twoOL1fhimbornwereחן.Gazaןusedזtravel0ז0

usingyear,פtwicefamilymyvisit0זRamallahthe/(יGaza.,חrnegivewouldtheypermit8

Familyעושש81

Gazathe-areastwotheofresidentsManyWesttheandst[ipחוrelativeshave-88ח]thesebetweenseveranceThearea,otherthe

familybetweenvisitsprecludesareastwoparents,spouses,betweenevenmembers,

time,0,periodsprolongedforchildren,8חמinstances,many[חyears.forevensometimes

meetingfromrelativespreventsalsoIsraelז8weddings,andbirthslikecelebrations,family

illness.ordeath83suchtragedies,afterמחפ

agreedPNAtheand[s[ael1997,November[חthatן5%הטIndredקllestini8ופחwoulweek85מ]

stripGazathebetweenpass0יallowedbeHowever,visits.familyforBankWesttheand

0,Coordinatorthe,0]SpokespersontheasOccupiedthe,חActivitiesGovernment

B'Tselem.10letter5חןןוindicatedTerritoriesPalestinians0,movement0,easing"The

backandGazaandSamariaandludea,ו0[תreasons,humanitarianforgrantedwasagain

passage.safethe10unrelatedareandיי92

theofKitta,(1[זו]ל.B'Tselem,0זlette[her[חMilitarythe0,departmentlawinternational

accordingthat,statedOffice,Prosecutor'sז0

arrangement,thestandspermitscrossing0,quotaTheפ1

region.eachforweekperhundredthreedistrictstheamongdivided5ןquotaThis

חןtheוטמ"and[egionSamariaand8חןaccordingst[ipGazathe0,regiontheז0

sixtyofquota/וק..יthe0,requesttheRamallahandHebronforsetwaspermits

setwaspermits(ifty01quotaפDistricts;thirty-0,quotaפTulkarm;andNablusfor

Bethlehemforsetwaspermitsfivepermitstwenty-fiveofquota8District;

ofquota8andDistrict;חוחטןfo[setwasDistrict.lericho,01setwastwentyס(

Government0יCoordinatortheforSpokespersonDror.Shlomo,ן399.ו0ותFebruary2ס,ןletter,29ח]פ.8'Tselem10Territories,OccupiedtheחןOperations

Militaryofthedepartmentlawinternationalthe0,Kitta.orit.1מlrom1998.lanuary]8oflette[,30חופ.officeProsecutor's

Government,סCoordinatorthe,0יSpokespersonDror.Shlomofrom]998,February]2ofletter.31חופ.OperationsחןTerritories,Occupiedtheס1ז5"ו"וח.'"

Ramallah997[חןDecember7חסRokayaAbuNaiib1סtestimonyhergaveShahalaAbu,45.32_

ofassistancethesoughtshe1997,lune[תtheofDefencethehrCenterHaMoked:10return0זpermit8obtain0זIndividual

.authoritiestherequestedHaMokedGazaסזauthoritiesThepermit.theherissue

15aforementioned"Thethat,respondedsecurityforIs[aelenteringf[omprecluded

beenhadAhmadSheikhMs.reasons."

andcourt,militaryתופtried,992,[תarrestedhalf8andtwoforimprisonment0זsentenced

soldier.8stab10attemptingforyearsת]lerusalem[תdetainedwasshe996,ןOctober

Israelחןstayingfordaysseveralforheldandillegally.

authorities,thecontactedagainHaMokedhadAhmadSheikhMs.thatemphasizingת10

Followingyear.8overfor50תinfantherseenpermit,thereceivedshelette[,thisתמ8ח300

herrejoinedandGazaentered1997י]טןfamily.

,31K~amarsneh,AfimadKnntedAfimad,villave,Ya'a6edofresidentsin~leא)אשן

Districtil

YouthPalestinianthe81clerkפbeenhave[twoaboutforRamallah,חןMinistry,Sportand

andsociologystudied[years.half88חמmy[חUniversity.Zeit3]81ןsciencepoliticalGazathefromstudent8know0יgot[studies,

8andyear8fortouchחןbeenhavewestrip.dictatesCustommarried.get10wantandhalf,

become0זstripGazathe0זgo[that[then8חמwife-10-be,)[חwithacquainted

respected0,delegation8withtheregomustpermissionfamily'sherrequest10persons

~narry.wethat

Youth0,Ministrythethrough1997,,ח]וו]קthe10requestfirst8submitted[sport,and10permit8forRamallahחןDCOPalestinian

afte[week8About0828.0ןחזcrossinformedIsraelistherequest,thesubmittingrequest)[חthatverballyDCOPalestinianthe[reasons_securityforrejectedbeenhadbut]997,"חןחטןrequestanothersubmitted

givewouldtheyRamallahחוDCOPalestinianstrip.Gazathe0זreturn10permit8me

[andchildrentwo)[1997ת,October22()חhad1permitthewithRamallahחןarrived

submitted[later,weeksTwoGaza.חןreceived8forrequest8זוח]ו"קGaza,10return10חט8

husband's)[תofphotocopy8attachedweek8Aboutapplication.the0ןcardidentity

RamallahחןDCOPa(estinianthelater,beenhadrequest)[תthatmeinformed

To8%".righttheזסחwas[becausedeniedthirty-overbe10haveyoupermit,8obtain

that.thanyounger8]ח[andfive,

85Ramallah,חןlivewifehisandbrotherMyneedsSheseventy.-5ןwhomother,)חוdoes

withGaza0ןhertake0זwant[assistance.my[Todayher.ofcaretakecan[that50"חוforpermit8forrequestanothersubmittedtheחןGaza.סןgo0זmothermyandmyselfmywithRamallah,חןwaitingam1meantime,

husband.)[חwithoutandchildrentwo

24,Ahmad,SneikhMu~nmmadTaherHananGara,שresidentcnita,onewithmarriea

handledcase8describesfollowing(Theמ(theofDefenceTheforCenterHaMoked:

.Individualן

Ahmad,SheikhHanan,ן99לFebruary19()חcannp,refugeeQalandiatheחןl~veswho

'AbdMuhammadmarrledDistrict,Ramallah0,resident8Sha'ir,Abulbrahim81-Oarim

,live10wentandGazaחןthere.homeh~sחל)0[Decemberל,born.waschildtheir199ח]

fatherAhmad'sSheikh.541996ן,Maypermit,8[eceivingAftersurgery.underwent

HerQalandia.חןhimvisit0זwentshemonths5~ןthenwaswhoson,andhusband

Gaza.חןremainedOld,father'sherafter]996,Septemberחן

AhmadSheikhMs.improved,hadconditionandhusbandher,0[eturn10wantedח50חןfo[requestsseveralsubmittedSheGazaפ

Gaza,enterandIsraelthroughpass10permitthem.of8]וre)ectedauthoritiesthebut

office,Khamarsheh'sMr11995פlanuary130תRokayaAbuNai~b10testimonyhisgaveKhamarshehMr33_Ramallah.חו

detainedbeenhave1ח]prisonsIsraeliת]ת"]988_November230חtimefirstthetimes,

administrativeחןheldwas[timesthe0,Fiveof101]פ"fo[imprisonedwas[detention.was"תווזlastTheyears.hal~8andfouraboutwhen1994,Septemberand;993lulybetween

fo[metried1ת,םת;תcourtmilitarythemembershipforandweaponפofpossession

0,LiberationthelhrFrontDemocratictheחןPalestinel.

life8buildסזwantandthirty-.onenowןוחפfamilywithmyselfforחמwork[children.8חן8

withpeacetheofbecauseexiststhatminist[ythatsign85זןןsituation,thisaccept[,[Is[ael.

10aimandleaf.new8overturnedhave1thatdocan't[31טfamily.andfuturemybuild

permit.8megivedon'ttheybecause

sannetheforrejectedwasזןlaterweekפaboutreason_

requested[1997,Novemberofendthe4יassistanttheas082"enter10permissionסז

ofheadThesportandYouthforMinistertheIsraelisthenotifiedRamallahחןministrythethe(romtravel1סwantedministerthethat

85listedwasnamemy8חמGaza,1038,חWesttheaccompanyingpersonsthe0,one

secu[itythat[esponded[sraelisTheminister.thewithtravelingfrommeprecludedreasons

minister.

10goingofpossibilitythecheckingnowןח]פthenandEgypt,10therefrom8חמlordan.

would[TerminalRafahthethroughGaza,01חway.samethe38חיwestthe1סreturn

theconvincethatwouldthem,visit0זwantpermit?8megive0ן[s[aelis

45,Matoli,M~hammadMa~madDia611-0,resident)4114"4,א!4שwithmarried

,RamallahBirehס!5!א(ע6Gaza.0,[esidentפFatma,married[1973,,חsistersthreeandbrothersthree"85wifeMy

arethemof[[גstrip.Gazathe[חlivingsistermy1984,Sincechildren.withmarriedGaza'sחןhusbandherwithlivedhas'Aisha

Myson.0"תhasSheneighborhoodSabratwohasQalqilya,חןIiveswhoSabi,brother

bothRania;andSamiadaughters,marriedchildren.theirIvithGazaחןlivedaughters

Beforeזןpermit8obtain10necessarywasז0[Gaza,andBankwestthebetween"עסתץorthreestriptheחןrelatives)[תvisitwould

haveweaslong85forButyear.8timeshurdolonger01חנ)חpermit,פobtain0יhad

Gazaחןrelatives)[תvisited[timelastThethis.]993.March70חwas

ח]ל,requested[199ק"וותו55ןסתסtravel1סזStatesUnitedפreceived1States.Unitedthe

[returned.andweeks,threetherestayedvisa,viareturnedandAirport,3"-חGurionviaflew

anycreatedNobodyairport.sametheme]1שdon'ttheyButway.thealongproblems

strip.0828the0זgo[holiday,SukkothlewishtheDuring

Palestinianthethroughpermit8requesteddid[st[ip.GazatheenterסןRamallah[חDCO

1997,November16(חלanswer_8חreceiveח0יsa~nethe0זrequestanothersubmitted1answer.חפreceiveח0זdidagainandDCO,

anothersubmitted1November,23(חל0,photocopy10ן1פattached8חמrequest,

prove10'Aisha,sister)[0ח,cardidentitytheNovember,2חל)לGaza.חןsister8have[that

officialsפDCOthe1חןinformedRamallahשח]request,)[חdeniedhadIsraelisthethat

theforreasontheof"חוinformingwithoutre~usal.

58,Batran,M~hammadAhmadHashemofresidentchildren,!א,!4אשmarried

T~lkarml'

ofthreestrip,Gazathe[חbrothershave[sisterstwohavealso[married.arewhom

theandchildrenwithmarried15one-thereandbrothersfivehaswi~eMysingle.]5other

wemarried.them0,8]]Gaza,[חsisterstwoofthem811cousins,anduncleshavealsoחןgo0זwant[andwifemyBothst[ip.0828the

familyaretherewhenst[ip0828the0ז,webutoccasionsח'because)81זן5[

permit.8obtain0זimpossible

diedMarwanbrothermy1996,August2ח()לdeaththefaxedGazaחןfamilyMyGaza.חן

10certificateח]",took[andזןזDCOthe0חןtheenter10permit8requested[Tulkarm.~uneral.brother'smyחןparttake1סstrip0828receiveח0יdid[anddeniedwasrequestMysistermy1996.December2(חלpermit.the

applied[Againdied.RawdaסDCOthe1ח)deaththe0,copyפattachingTulkarm,

8received[laterdaysTwelvecertificatethereceived[days.סעוזforgoסזpermit

hadperiodtwo-daytheafterday08חpermit10dayoneonlywithleftwas[50started,

timesome5ק"חמmorning,theחןtheretravel[Butday.sannethereturnandfamily,mywith

returningbeforedaysfourtherestayedן0Tulkarm.

anddied,eathermy]997,February2](חלdeaththewithDCOthe10went[againonce

fromrne0זsentbeenhadthatce[tificateGaza.enter10permit8requestedandGala,toldDCOthe81officialstheweeks,twoFor

days,fifteenAfteranswer,0ח~asthere"[חhadrequestmythat(וחtoldDCOTulkarmthe

denied.beenhaveandupgivenhave[then,Sinceיסח

they1,becauserequests."[סוחanysubmittedfather,mybury0פזווח]"קזmegiveזסחdidtheywhichforbetherecouldreasonwhatthem1"11simply[11permit?פmegivewould

andGazaחןsistersandbrothersmy]55ןחוthat

Tulkarm.997[חוNovember200חRokayaAbuNailb10given58שtestimonYThe3.ל]1-~ireh[1997חNovember270חRokayaAbuNajib1סgivenwastestimonyThe36.

the10traveled8-ןKhajairehMr.March,9()ת

strip.Gazaחכ)ל],thedaytheMarchזותח"ק

,CheckpointErez81arrivedheexpiredז8

00)10וח..3תן10return10orderה,home5חן

IsraelithereachedheWhenBank.Westthe

permitthetooktheresoldierthecheckpoint,

HeCaza.'-,חdie8חמback"Gohim,told8תמ

labalyatheתןdaughtershis0ןretu[nedin[ormed50תhis8חמcamp,refugee

takenbeenhadpermitthethatHaMoked

return.ת0יcouldhethatandfather.hisfrom

authoritiesthecontactedHaMokedתןחפ

hadpermitthewhyunderstand0ןattempt

The8-ןKhajaireh.Mr.fromtakenbeen

hadpermitthethatwasreceivedיוresponse

fromprecluded,5hebecausetakenbeen

Toreasons.securityfo[Israelentering

10apply10hadhehome,returnhisarrange

severalA(ter0.82חןפDCOPalestinianthe

HaMoked,bycallstelephonemoreחןwhichזן

hadזווח]"קthethatemphasizedandrepeated

the8]-Khajaireh,Mr.0ןreturnedbeסן

thethatHaMokedinformedauthorities

hethatandarranged.beenhadmatter

thewhereCheckpoint,Erezסזgoshould

arrivedheWhenwaiting.bewouldpermit

abouthrwaithimmadesoldiersthethere,

sincethatnoti(iedwashethenandhour,8ת

heandexpired,hadpe[mitthelate,wasזן

daynextthebackco~ne10had

wasHaMokedMarch.]6day.(ollowingThe

beenמפהpermitone-dayפthatnoti~ied

shouldhethat8ן-8חמKhajajreh,Mr.0זissued

take10CheckpointErez10goזן.wentHeז0

thewhereday,58]"תthe0חcheckpointthe

10returnedthenheandwaiting,waspermithome.his

mnrried,73,8!-K~njajreh,Banat'4!!satid

DistrictHe~ron,6ם!-4"אHir~et01resident

byhandledcase8describesfollowing(The

the0,DefenceTheforCenterHaMoked:Individual.l

marriedaredaughtersfive-פוKhajaireh'sMr

labalyathe[חfamiliestheirwithliveand81-Mr.Strip.Gazatheקוחפ).תןrefugee

arrestedwasKhajajrehחול,bytried198פ

sentencedandcoll[timilitaryןtwo0חמ8פ

(orreleasedwasHeImprisonmentyears'half

prisonhiscompletingbeforereasonshealth

hisandhe]997,November201כחsentence.

ente[,0permit"forrequest8submittedwife

receivedhedayfollowingThestripCazathe

beenhadrequest5,הthatresponseנ

wife5;הreasons_securityforrejectedpermit8received

,01CenterHaMoked:]997,December16(חל

thecontactedIndividualtheofDefencetheMr.thatrequestedandauthoritiesIsraeliפ1-

theenter0זpermitפgrantedbeKhaiaireh

received,1Whenstrip.Gazaחresponse,0ח0

followedHaMoked]998February18קטן51

.requestח()לHaMokedFebruary,2עפ5.

bewould8-ןKhajairehMr.thatinformed

week,onefo[stripCazatheente[סזallowed

was-פוKhajajrehMr]998,March9-ןלf[om

equested]זgo0זDCOthe0חןHebronח80

Hepermit.therecelve0081)2לח.ק.סזMarch

thebuttime.designatedthe81therearrived

thehaveזסחdidtheythathimtoldof~icials

HaMokedafter(צוחלhim.,01pe[mit

thewasofficethewithspokepersonnelKhaiajreh.Mr.10providedpermitפ[-

17

EconomyPalestinianthe10Damage

GazathereachingfromBankwestthefromtransportedaregoodsmostThereforest[ip.

trucks.Israelibystrip0828thefromand0זthe10goodsthebringGazafromTrucksandunloaded,areeoodsthecheckpoint,arechecksecuritycomprehensive8aftertakewhichtrucks,[sraeliontoloadedthen

ThisBank.Westthe0זorIsrael10themoppositetheחוwaysannetheworkssystem

arestripGazathereachinggoodsdirection:theזהtrucksIsraelifromunloaded

Palestinianontoloadedandcheckpointbecausecostlyvery]3procedureThistrucks.fo[pay10havegoodsthe0,ownersthethefor85well85loadingandunloading

maycheckpointthe81waitThetrucks.Israeliarnongdependingdays,evenorhourslast

soldiers0,numbertheתסthingsotherthe81timeparticularthat1פstationed

spoiloftengoodstheofSomecheckpoint.marketed.]8becannotandwait,theduring

closures.70781duringclosed]5crossin~Theתוcommitcannotmerchantssituation,thisז0

theirloseandtime,0חo[dersfillingexample,for,799ןAugustחוt[LISt.customers'

the0תclosure1078]8imposedIsraelattack810חresponse[חTerritoriesOccupiedtrucksofnumberthe0חFigureslerusalem.[ח

stripGazathebetweengoodstransportingeffecttheindicateclearlyBankWesttheandallowedIsrael1997,lulyחוclosure10181the0)

transport10stripGazathef[omtrucks63לgoodsזtrucks413andBankWestthe0ז0the1סBankWestthefromgoodstransport

IsraelAugust,חןcomparison,חוstrip.Gaza10stripGazathefromtrucks7910(חוallowed

decrease(פBankWestthe10goodst[ansportfromtrucks199andpercent)seventy50]"0ת,

OccupiedtheחסimposedclosureThethedamagesseverely1993sinceTerritories

damagethe0,Mosteconomy.PalestinianOccupiedtheofresidentsfromresults

enteringfromprohibitedbeingTerritories,abilitytheirlimitswhichIsraelסwork1חן

However,therebusinessconductandIsraeltheandStripGalathebetweenseverancethe

theforlosses0ןleads815038חוwestpreiudicesandecono~nyPalestinianן51

development.

beenhavetiescommercialyears,theOvertheandBankWestthebetweendeveloped

stripGazathefrom~oodsmanystrip;0828soldbeenhaveח]Bank.Westtheחמ8וי)"

movementfreeחסprohibitionTheversa.alteredsignificantlyareastwothebetweenWesttheandstripGazathebetweentrade

prohibition,the0זpriorexample,ForBankproducedgoodstheofpercent~iftysorneחן

WesttheחןmarketedwerestripGazathepercentelevenonly199,0ל,endthe!413.פחו

werestripGazatheחןproducedgoodstheofthirdtheחןandBank,westthe][ןmarketed

the0,percenttwoonly]996,ofquarterWestthe10wentstrip082"the~romexports

ח,38ן7

clear.aredecreasethisforreasonsThethebetweengoodsofmovementCurrently,

primarily5ןBankWestthe8חמst[ipGazaCheckpoint.Karnithroughconducted

theחסimposedclosuretheofBecauseareGazafromtrucksTerritories,occupiedstripGazatheexit10allowedneveralmost

0,numberlimited8allowsIsraelAlthough8withIsrael0ק"51וחזGazatheexit0זtrucksthereach10חdoesescortthisesco[t-security

truckspreventsalsoclosureTheBank.West

United,799ןWinter-SpringReport,Quarterly5,ן,וקGazaandBankWest1""חוConditiensSocia(andECO~Oti(37.]997.April[Gaza,Territories.occupiedthe,חCoordinatorSpecialthe,סOfliceNations,

10supposed5ןwhichAuthority,Airportsthe10500חtransferredbe10intended,5CrossingKarni3.לtrans~erHowever.crossing.fo[timetheshortenיresponsibility0עbecausepostponed(58יbreakthe0ח,

IsraelbetweennegoriationstheחמHa'arelz.SeePNA.the8יlanuaryו.998

surprisinghardly]5]1importers,cheapbynewforlook0זfo[cedbeingaretheythat

Palestinianfo[struggletheAsmarkets.achieve10fightthecontinues,unityground,losing5ןcohesioneconomic

41Gaza.losing5ןBankwesttheand

threewithmarried37,'Amer,K~alilManer,GazaYanis,Khan0,residentchildrenאק24!5makesthatfactory80,ownersthe0,oneam[

otherandholderspictureandscrewsmetalsinceexistsfactoryThethat.likeproducts

ofthepercentseventy1סsixty]993.WeBank.westtheתןmarketed5ןproductiontheofsorneandIsrael,תןmaterialrawthebuy~specially.importwematerialsraשעוhaveפ

Qalqilya,Hebron,Nablus,,תshops0,chainBank.Westtheחןlocationsotherand,תונ]"ןcardmagnetic8had[8"0,year8about1]1מח

enabledwhich[s[ael,enter1סpermit8andtheobtained[Bank.Westtheenter1ח]"ס

andTradeofMinistrythethroughpermitregularlytravelwould[Gaza.חןhere[ndustry

yearפAboutbusiness.0ח,38חWestthe10the0זwent[expired.cardmagnetic)0"8ות,

thegave[Checkpoint.ErezזפDCOIs[aelihadwhichcard,magneticmyclerkmilitary

,8requestedandexpiredן"ח,oneחןן51paper0,pieceפrnegaveclerkThe"(פוקwhich0]1room,computerDCO'sthefrom

"negative."writtenwastravelsthattruckפontogoodsmyload[Now

זmerchandisetheThereCrossing.Karni0ן5yellowwithtruckIsraeli8ז0תtransferred

when-Sometimesplateslicenseן[5ץ8ם[ווWestthefromtrucksandclosure0ן5חthere

thetransferwe-crossingthereach(ת381חפTheBank.westthefromtruckס1פgoods

foryearthis7008,א[5לso~nepaidcompanyweagoyear(/goods.thetransport10trucks

unrestrictedwerethere,[.000,ל]מןפק5["1

Gazathe0זgoodstransportחו38סזwestthepercent).]Pfiftysomeofdecrease)8strip

,restrictionstheofbecauseF~rthermoreחסtheandstrip0828thebetweenmovement

withmeet0זunablearemerchantsBank,Westcustomersnewseekorcustome[stheirח]

makingfromprecludedaretheycases,?[חפתextremely]5whichcontacts,personal

business.8managingחןimportantdecreasesubstantialtheforreasonAnother

WesttheandstripGazathebetweentrade,חlegalandpoliticalunstablethe,538חו

,ichwhi,Territories,IpiedOCCL1~theחןsituationThefuturetheaboutuncertainty0זleads

enableח0זdoinvestorsfacingriskshighnew,ties,inancial1,0,ishment,establiexisting0,expansionandinvestments,

investments.theandח8חוWorldtheof[eportthe[חInstitute,ResearchPolicyEconomicPalestine

impedingforgivenarefacto[sseveraleconomy,Palestinianthe0,development

theofseveranceterritorialthethemannongmovementFreeBank.westtheandst[ipGaza

includingTerritories,OccupiedthewithintheandBankWestthebetweenmovement

theof085תשreporttheחןlisted5ןstrip,Gazaandstabilityfornecessarychangesvital

economy.Palestiniantheofdevelopmentס4conditioneconomicthesurveyinga(tlclEחג

thewithtradedthatcompanies38חוWest0,restrictionsimposedIsraelbeforestrip082פ

states:movementחסtransportationelevatedhugely10Due

newdifficulties,logisticalcosts~diminishingandlegislation,restrictive

Bankwest](ח8חcredibility,marketabandon0ןforcedbeingarecompanies

market....GazanthefacingobstaclesoflabyrinththisGiven

wishingcompaniesBankWestזsell0ז0sharemarkettheir0,uptaketheandGaza,

CoordinatorSpecialthe0,o(ficeUN'Sthebye'Tselem11998ס,lanua[y26חסprovided.wereligures?he39.Territories.Occupiedtheחו

TheAdversit~?underDeveloprnent[nstitute,Researchו(י]ק0Economicקפן"15[חופחtheand,תפמWo[ldThe4.סEconoa~Pa(estinianח,,OctoberTransilion,1997.30קק..3[-0[.8[ .[Ramallah,Association,EconomistArab4ק","115ח"Gaza,"-~LosingPu(se,Eco~omicןטח"-May.996[קק.ל.-3

.testimonyThe42י,given58סRokayaAbuNajib1ח997December290[ח]Khanץטח[5_

58,Rida,46עM~stafaS~leimanHassanofresidentchildren,twent"-.onewithmarried

,GazaDistrict,YunisKhanKhaza'aןאק4ו5

living8made[Gaza,enteredPNAtheBeforedealingfromת]produceח]Bank.westtheו

f[omproducebuyWOUId[truck.Volvo8havefarmersח]ontothemloadstrip,0828theח](,sellandtruckז]ח]mostlyBank,Westtheח]

Idna[חplaceפhad[Hebron.8תמNablusgo-would1whereDistrict,Hebronvillage,

me10comewouldgreengrocerstheandז0aboutmakewould[produce.mybuyפaboutday8dinarslordanianhundred)או5

-familylargemysupported[whichfrom,(00לchildrentwenty-"סחandwives0,חו(ןי

permit8demand1סbeganIsraelisthe199,חולWestthe8חמst[ipGazathebetweenpassסז0,MinistryPalestinianthe10went1Bank.8submittedandcity,GazaחןAgriculture,

50truckmywithenter0זpermit8forrequestwork.mycontinuecould[thatןbackwentס1

maybeAgriculture0,MinistryPalestinianthebeenhadrequest)[ן,חask10timestwenty

wasthere58,מtheytimeeachandapproved,upgaveטח1ווןcontinuedThispermit.0ו[י51חחסgoingstopped1andpermit.8obtainingן0

happening5ן,פwhatoutfind0זministrytherequest.)וחwith

[equest,anothersubmitted[]997.Mayחוdiddespairtheandwork,10have1because

living.8makingofproblemmysolve10תthemakingAfterworse.becomingwaswhich

lsraelenter1סpermitפreceived[request,travel[thatconditiontheחסtruck,)[תwith

[thatwasproblemTheescort.Israeli8חwithIsraelithebecausepermit,thisuseזסחcouldoperatesonlyescortתן,doesandIsraelת10

reachפ0.82

permitTheIsraelenter10permit8have1Now1truckthecover10חdoesand,יחןforonly5ן

laborer85פworkneedח0זdo8חנelderly,תופthebetweennnove10פיוחו]"קneed1Israel,ח

load(חפ[that50Bank,Westthe8חמstripWestthe10travelandtruck)חוontoproduce

Now,living.8makeand1ןsell0זBanktruckincome,0,lackthe0,because

Bank,Westthe1סstripthefrommovement0,tenthפaboutbewouldcoststransportthe

that.

Westthe[חwarehouse8open1סwantWewewayThatbusinessourforBankמ]טס)

andexpeditiouslymoregoodsthesupplyWe)0_ןחק"1,זו0חourwithbettercompete

seen,neverhave[whomcustomershaveחמ8meetingpersonalפlikenothing5ןtheretheandmanufacturerthebetween

For.Insactions.tralthearrange10istributorןנthedeliveringdriverthe5יןןnowexample,

thefromcheckthetakeswhogoodsarecheckstheinstances,mostחוmerchants.

can't[there,תופח0ז[Becausepostdated.knowandconditioncustomer'stheevaluate

1whetherחmerchantthepressure)8ז0whenorpayment.0,timetheshorten]ח]פ

that.likethings8חמsale,thelose0ןlikely0,thousandsforbusinessConducting

shekelsסחcourierandtelephoneby(1חמ8drive[sןleadsandinef~icient,5סlosses1חן

comparisonסזwhatזןlikebewouldן,]theasdirectlybusinesstheconducted

owner.

weighingeachcartons.חןscre~sthepackweopentheyCrossing,,81,וחוkilograms.sevensee10contentstheoutspillמחפcartoneach

carton.therepackthenandinside,]5whatabout)0575Thisא[per300-4005הוקות"חז.5]

andunloadסזcrossingthe81workerspaycostthepayalsoחמ8וgoods,thereloadthen

loadingandUnloadingcheck.securitythe0,]aboutcostschecksecuritytheafteא[2005

shipment.eachfor

these8]1save0זpossiblebewould]181directlygoodstheloadcould1,ןexpenses

sendandtruckפontoYunisKhanחוplantthedi[ectly]1סזasfarAsBankWesttheת]'ן

astrucktheescortIsraelis"1"[הזconcerned,Bank,Westtheentersט[ר1,וזןGazaexitsזו

harmingwithoutsecu[ityensurewouldwhich0,sensethefo[payסזhave1doWhy."[ת

10,5want18]יwhenreceive,Is[aelissecuritymanufacturerother8(חlikeproduct)[תsell

Israeliendangersthis0,Noneworld?the[חwhatsoever.security

.RokayaAbuNaiib10givenwastestimonYThe43ת997Deccmber300[פRida'sAbuMr.1ה0[ת"~

toldתו"ApriI6sincethat.997[]ש58being85computerIsraelithe[תregistered

[reasons.securityforentry)I~[omprecludedhappened,hadNothingsurprised.verywas

Howme.aboutchangedhadnothingandbeingasclassifiedbesuddenly1could

[then,Since[easons?securityforrefusedrequestsnewanysubmittedת0יhave

fordifficultveryזןmakespermit8having10אrun[businessThe."8תויווmake1ת]"ס

fifty-twoOf1078]8families,~oursupportswhoemployees,twenty-5%ןhaveWepersons,

Beingworkshop.thefromliving8makealsomakesBankWestthe10go10unableזן

businessmyexpand0ןmeforimpossiblethe]1פAlso,shops.newwithdealand

managedbewouldmattersfinancialחן8the10getcould[,ןmannero[derlymore

Westthe10goodsthesend1NowBank.Westanotherorboutiquethis[ויחטwaitandBankthe"וחsendandfavor8(תוdo0זwantswould[about,move10freewere[[[money,the10Gazaחןplant)[חfromgoodswithgo

thereceiveandgoodsthesellBank,westmoneyחסam1becauseNow,spot.theח10

theBank,westthe0זtravel10allowedandoperationsbusiness)[חofvolume

percent.fiftybydroppedhasrevenues

45,Sam~r,aI-Mo'ati464יAfimad544'464אmarriedשא8א,4ש,ofresidentchildrenא,84

,GazaDistrict,YunisK~an5041)4אק4י,5

producethebuy[vegetables.andfruitssell[BankWesttheזןחןsell8חמstripGazatheחן

Dahariya,Hebron,חןmostlySEll[Israel.8חמmagnetic8had[Qalqilya.andBethlehem,

WesttheandIsraelenter0זpermit8מחפcard.validwascardmagneticMyBankווזחט20validwasק"[זווחlast)8חו]996[מ1.November

expired,permitmyWhen1996.March201]טחז0,MinistryPalestinianthe10went[

daystwentyAbout.זןrenew10Agriculturethroughresponsenegative8received1late[,clerkAgriculture0,MinistryPalestinianthe

burdenadditional8חarecostsmaintenancewouldwhobuttruck,thesellסןtried[me.for

withanythingdoסזablebeingwithout,זןbuyזן?,assituationthewithNowזןןhave[,5ח0

living.8make0זway

43,8-Dalsefi,M~hammadKhaled'Omar

ofresidentc~lldren,seventeen4!,שmarriedן464יע4עא),Gazaןאק544

[]976.sincebusinesssewingפownedhave[andclotheswomen'ssupplyandmakethe0,member8am[dresses.wedding

theו]ןAssociationOwne[sWorkshopSewingofChamberlocalthe0,8חמst[ipGaza

.part70011Commerceחןfai[stradeseveralחן[goodsthedisplayed[whereworld,Arabthe

.percentseventysomesell[make,0ת](thirtyaboutandBank,Westtheחןproduction

could1]976,ו]ןstrip.Gazatheחןpercentbetweenwell,83carmyחןandfreely,move

[srael.insideandBankWesttheandstripthematerials,ra~)[חoftwo-thirdsalmostbuy[suppliers.Israelifromcloth,theespecially

ח()March21,1997צת]permitזcross0ןח01permitThatexpired.BankWesttheand[srael082"fromcarmyחןtravel10"[חallowedhad8wasThereBank.Westthe0זandIs[ael0ז101997April1fromclosureיו'April.997[חל)

andTradeקפן"5זוחופחtheסזwent[April,27therenew0ןrequestedandMinistryIndustry

[out.1]]10וform8megaveTheypermit.1completed,חdid[spot.the0חeceive10]פ

anothersubmitted[request.)[10חresponseafterThenlater.week8aboutrequest

thirdפsubmitted[passed,weekanother,receivedalso1butrequestחresponse0ן0

requestthis

Palestinianthe0,headdeputythe10wentןhethatrequestedandGaza,,חDCOcivilian

after8זווח]"קreceivedח0זhad[whycheckreceivingwithoutandrequeststhreefiling

Is[aelis,thewithchecked,חexplanationanvwaswhichresponse,theof"[תinformed8חמ

heconcerned;was1asiar85startlingvery

labalyaן997חוDecember280חRokayaAbuס1א8ןולgivenwastestimonyThe44,Sohila.eani997[חןDecember290חRokayaAbuNaiib1סgivenwastestimonyThe4.ל

usdroppedandCheckpointErezofareaחוold)חוtookTheyPNAthe0,territorythe

11.replaceזסחdidandcardmagnetic

have1precluded.81וחthatsurprised81וחtheor[sraelisthebydetainedbeennever

beeneverhasfamilymyof"חמ8ח0חPNA,whensurprised8]1חreasonthisForarrested

0,becauseprecludedam1thatsaytheynothing.know1whichaboutreasons,security

1andBank,Westthe0זgetcan'tןNowandtelephonebybusinessmyconductanotherthoughק"[05ורhandleswhoחו(

withouthome8151ןזsee,canyouAsaffairs.affairs.myrnanagecan't[anddo~10anything

0,lossessufferedhave;thatestimate1approximatelyאasmonthper20,00051פ

Westthe0ןget0זunablebeingofresultproperlybusinessעתוmanage10~ank

toldHeIsraelenter1סpermitshandleswho1respo~se,Israelithe0יaccordingthatשחו

1999December31ווזרוטentryprecludedwasreasons,securityfor

Erez0זwent11997,November20()חmagneticIsraelimyrenew10Checkpoint

whoare,friendsmywhomeaskedTheycardotherandpray,1whether8]",relativesmywhether,(תוaskedalsoTheyQuestionssuch

ו,came1סaboutknow1פ01dangerפplotז0aboutanybodyinformwould1Israel,harmזו.

,Yes,said'-ןthenoti~ywouIdקפן(5זוחו8ח".askingfinishedtheyWhenAuthorityתו"

rne,toldofficialmilltaryIsraelithequestions,aboutforoutsidewaited1outside""Waitת8

bus8broughttheythenandhalf.8andhourhadwhoothersthe81יandme.tookthattheoutsidecards,magneticrefusedbeen

Students

wasSamariaandIudeaחוstudents0828חmilitarythe0,orderthe10pursuantstoppedhavingofdertheregion,theחוcommander

8followingreasonssecurityforissuedbeenFebruary-MarchחןIsraelחןattacks0,wave

studentsthe0,issuetheFurthermore,1996.MinisterDefenseperiodically"reviewed5ן

810responsehisחןRabin,Yitzhakof1996luly2לofinterpellationparliamentary,nowt0,"As1"81,statedBashara,Azmi,4זןן5

allow1סreasons,securityforimpossible,study1סGazaofresidentsarewhostudents

andludeaחוinstitutionseducationalחוSamaria."

pressthe1998,lanuaryofbeginningthe/זיagreedIsraelthatreportedןpermitsgrant0ז0

יופstudywhostrip0828thefromstudentsחוreports,the0ןAccordingBank.Westthestudents0זpermitsissuealsowouldIsrael

allowpermit,withoutBankWesttheחוstayingthe,0,stripGazathe1סreturn10them

returnסזthemallowand-18-ן'1מFitr),holiday47afterwards.Bankwesttheסז

hasIsraelpromises,thesedespiteHowever,theחוstudents.the0זpermitsissuedyet1חס

authoritiestheFebruary,0,beginningandstudentshundredone0ח,וchecked

4"them0,eighty-one1סonlypermitsissuednineteenothertheIsrael,0ןAccording

reasons_security,01reiectedwerestudents

arestudents0828חthatcontentionIsrael's

fo[38חןwestthereachingfromprohibitedNewspaperpuzzling.5ןreasons'-"security

mostthataware5ן[s[aelthatindicatereportswithoutBankWesttheחןlocatedarethemofdocanIsraelthatזטלcase,8(חןחpermit

phenomenon.thisprevent10nothing

anduniversitiestwohasstripGazaTheschools.vocational-trainingseveralח"705students0,numbersmallפhaveinstitutions

Forcourses.0,numberlimited8offerandmanyreason,thisפחelectstudents)382ן0OtherBank.Westtheחוuniversities81study

decisionחוות8ןוח"פrelevantalso"[פfactorsfavored885suchstudy,10whereחס

orst~ldy,ofcoursesuitablen)ore8inst[uctor,Suchlocation.anotherחוlive10desirethe

throughoutstudentsaffectconsiderationswhere0חdecision8makingwhenworldthe

study.0ן

cur[entthe0,semestersecondtheחוwerestudentsGazan900someyear,academic

Many4"universities.BankWestחוregisteredWesttheחוuniversitiesthereachedthem0,

necessarytheobtainedhavingwithout38,חIsrael.frompermit

leastזפcould-students1996,March0זPriorstripCazatheexit08זוח]ו"קזobtainformally,forprocedureThe_ח8חוwesttheחוstayandandafduous,andlongwas8זותו]"קobtaining8obtainingחוorfailure,חוresultedusually

begun.hadclassesa~termonthspermitIsraelinsideattacksthe~ollowingHowever.February-Marchduring,1996חוwhichחו1ע-

Central-זה"תockilled,werepersonseightissuedBiran,ן81חGeneralMajorCommand,

חפthatorderיlocatedstudentsGazan81חןtheir0זreturnstudiestheir,0וBankwestthe

refusedhasIs[aelthen,SinceGaza.חןhomesGaza.fromstudents10permitstravelissueסז

10appliesandsweeping,,5prohibitionThethe0זassistantIsraeli,Haimstudents.811B'Tselemwroteminister.defenseחס1

Asthat,1996November"ןstudyknown.5מ(

~'Tselem.10ligurestheprovidedProiectActionRights"חפוחטzeit311The46.GovernmentofCoordinatorthe~orSpokespersonDror.Shlomo1995.lanuary1Ma'ariv,~a'aretz,47.

December300חtelephonebyB'Tselem10statementssimila[madeTerritories,OccupiedtheחןActivitiesן799.

SpokespersolDror,Shlomo1995.,40",84/98פו(ה.Release55"]קvroiectActionRightsמטתו8חZeit3מ.4ןוCoordinatorthelorס,ActivitiesGovernmentח,in~ormationsimila[providedTerritories,Occupiedtheח,

1995.February12,סletterhis

semestersupnmertheduringstudiedס1theחוthenandmissed,had[whatcomplete

lacademic~followingthe0,semesterfi[st]996.February0ל199זOctoberyear,

[and']-]נ-פFitr,was]11996February20()חwithholidaythecelebrate10Gaza1סtraveledח](.CheckpointErez81arrived[familyזפ4:00hadwhichcard,magneticmythemgave[יח.ק

Theyear.פabout,0)invalidbeenalreadycheckpointfirstthe81soldierז"]חי".passז,

requestedsoldierthecheckpoint,secondthewaspermitmythathimtold[andpermit,my

Hewait.andasidestep10metoldHeGaza.חןme.humiliatedand,"חוbeatme,searched

hours,twosomeAfterק8["5זוחופחת8150[1soldiers)Ithetheythenandarrived,persons

me,[eleasedwent11996.February230תholiday,theAfterandoffice,liaisoncivilianPalestinianthe0ז8had[thatmetoldtheyזווחץ"קtravel10ן01996,February26Monday,(חלBank.westthe

Ashkelon.andlerusalemחןattacksweretherethe0זwent[February,27Monday,()ח

could[whenand110י85ןDCOPalestinianeturn]זtoldTheyNablus.0ח]"werethereח0

werepermitsthe8]]thatandcrossings,havewouldpermitsnewthatandcanceled,butpermit,new8forapplied1issued.be10

started[rejected.wasrequestmyסז85workפthe1סwent[could,[wheneveranddriver,theytimeEach.זווחו"קmyaboutask0זDCO

885worked[permits.0חweretheremetoldsecondthelostand1996,וזחט]10צ]טןdriver

studies.0,semesterBankwestthe0ןgoסזdecidedultimately[Rafah1סtraveled[1996,luly18(חלEgypt.viame]"1ח0זwouldIsraelisthebutCrossing.,doespassportmythatsayingthroughח10day,followingThecomputer.the0חappear

toldtheyוח"wasthereפstrikeזport,the8חמ8thirdthe0חOnlycross,me1"ח0יןwouldthey

)81]0reached[crossing[חsucceed1diddayחand1996,luly210חflew[luly220סן

gavethey/.ח]יוחות8חairportthe,ןAmman.lo[danianthe0זgo0ןhad[thatletterפme

Service,securityGeneralחו.did[Ammanזסח,delaywouldtheyafraidwas[because,0וח".

studentsthe0חprohibitionsweepingThestudentsManyconsequences,numeroushas

However,studies.their0זget0זmanagetheחוstaytheirconsidersIsraelbecause

Westתוcontinuouslylivetheyillegal,38חוFurthermore,caught.beי,[1וtheythatfea[

eachשת]וזtraveltheyזfamiliestheirvisit0חוtheythatriskthetaketheystrip,Gazatheו],ן]

Manystudies.their10return10ablebeח0זstudiestheircomplete10unablearestudents

classesmanytoomissedhavetheybecauseexaminations.thetake10entitledח0זareand

thereach10nnanagewhostudentsThoseareexamsthedatethemissoftenuniversity.forstudyconditions,suchUndergivenפ

Years.manytakesoftendegreebachelor's

0,rightbasic85ןeducation810חrightTheIsrael",סחתפחsweepingחןפperson,every

ofhundreds10rightthisdeniesunjustifiablystudents8]1ofrightstheofDenialstudents.

eachharmsonlyזסחst[ipGazathe1]ןresidingthehindersalsobutindividually,themofentirethe0,advancementanddevelopment

society.Palestinian

23,Wadi,Ahmad4-.Ranman'A6dAhmadstrip,Gazncamp,reheee4"!868ןofresident

Universit",4-44י4א4ןstadenteducationא68!א945

חן,1994ןstudy10registeredיNaiah8פ-October.ז0פ"51חןwereClassesUniversity.

andחן,request8submitted[Septemberז0exit0זpermitפfo[GazaחןDCOcivilianthe

.came[timeEachGazaסwhetherask1ח](toldclerkstheapproved,beenhadrequest

ח]"month8Over[equest.new8submit10ן%-.5,didbut[equestsfivesubmitted[periodזסח

permit_פreceive

striptheleft[]99,לApriI0,endthe41fromgolngbusח0פawaystowed1illegally.thereachedandBank,westthe0זst[ipthe

theaftermonthstwoar[ivedוunive[sitybegan[begun.hadsemestersecondח](the1טתזוstudied8ו99ל,תמMayחוstudies

also[199.לluneחןsemester,theofend

Nablus.University.-פNaiah996[זפDecember14חסRokayaAbu"10מוופgivenwastestimonyThe49.

lost[andreiectedwererequests)[תof8]]butsemester.firstthe0חout

]onlypermitexittherecelvedח1200,endthealreadywas[ל,199זטמזDecember

secondthehronly0828left[semester.the1996,Februaryח0לbeganwhichsemester,then.sinceuniversitythe8זbeenhave[andDecember120]1received[permitTheל99[

andmonths,fourforwasז,impossible*asז0[permittheextend0ןorpermitnew8obtain

have[Gaza,leavingSincereceived.hadזסחZeit8]ז8ןremain1and8,ז8ןוreturned

permit.8without

]withoutaboutmoveחsincecard,identity8ן,thatseeandmecatchtheyח](addressן5חן

andimmediately"[תarrest1]ועוtheyGaza,meretu[nזtheyWhen0828.0ז0ק5ח]",]ז"]]fo[gotandBankWestthe[[om8]ח[thatthem

cardidentitymyפhome.1ח]thereway,thatן5areTherebe.me["י]וע,יtheythatchanceפareweandZeit,Bir81studyingGazansother

gottenhavewesituationsametheפ]]חןaretherewhentime,10timeFrom.10זןusedtheythatworryweproblems,otherorattacks

arrestandZeitBir0זcomeי]ןעוIsraelislItheus.

thereGaza,חןhome)וחf[omawaywas[Whilewanted1thate~entsfamilyOflotswereז0bothexample,Forcouldn't.but[[וparttake

[andmarried,gotsistermyandbrother)[חonlycould[weddings;theirסזgocouldn't

mymissreally[phone.bythemcongratulatehaven't[whomsiblings,fo~lrandparents

themwithspeakonly10828-left15")ת""5ןתSometimesweek.-8oncephone,byח](

PNAwithsomething"וחsendsmotherRamallah.10gowhoofficials

[andmuch,veryGaza10backgo0זwant[open[[ן,ןorpermits"[חgive,]1]עtheyhope

ar[angedon'tthey,[passage.safetheז,,]complete[ו1וו]טzeitBirיפremainסזintend

theyGaza,1סgoן,ןthataf[aid8]ח[studies.myzeit.8,,10return10permit8"[חgivewon't

0,middlethe082810חןwentstudentsManyfinish8תמreturn1תסcouldandstudiestheir

studies.their

[luly270חandlordan,[חdaysfivestayed[fromandBridge,Allenbytheסזtraveled

Nablus.10there

wanted[university,thereached[Whenס1theybutsemester,su~nmertheforregister

saidןthatandearlier,month8begunhad1ן1also[50time~.that8יstart01ןsense0חmade

worked[meantime,the[חsemesterthatlostNablus.,חfactorycream,(81ח8ש

חל),ironed[1996,September20Saturdayצחוyearacademicthe,0]preparedandclothesMyday.nextthestartסזsupposedwasthatf[omstudentswerewhom0,8]יroommates,

offeredTheyapartment.theןח1סca~neGaza,whythemasked[ironing.thewithmehelp0ז

Theyi[on?mehelp10wantedsuddenlythey[television.theoffturnedandanswer10חdid

televisiontheof(turnedtheywhythemaskedputTheysongs.niceweretherewheniustחסthethat"[חtoldthenandKoran,theoftape8

studiedwhostudentstheofone0,motherthatsaldtheyday,nextThedied.haduswithandmother,myfactחןwasdiedwhoonethe50onlystoryanothermetoldhadtheythat

preparedemotlonallybewould[thatס1mother.)[תaboutnewsthereceive

]diedhadmothermythatreaIizedthenחס16informedbeenhad1thatandSeptember,

myused[September.2]0זןחוצ0חaboutofhouse885Nablusחןapartmentrented

fo[familymy10return]ו0זcould;.[את,חוטסחhave[andDecember,now5ז]ןfuneral.theחthesincefamilymyseenyet10ת]יז"ח](returncan1whenknow10חdo;died.mother

housethe0זbackgocanןhoworthem,10me.forwaitingbe10ן,[1[חmother)[חwhere

20,4!-Arja,4!-oadr'A6d4!-Qarim'A6d

civiltnird-."earstrip,GazaRnfafi,41residentUniversit~soZeitBir4!studenteneineerine

acceptedwas1סtheforuniversitythe1ל/199beganwhichYear,academic]996ח80

obtain1סtried[time,that/111995.Septemberuniversity,the0ןgo1סGazaexit10permit8

University.Zeit8]997[81ןOctober7חסHamedAbuFuad10givenwastestimonyThe.0ל

[studies.mycompletingafte[months)0טיhowknowזסחdo[home[eturn10unableתופdo.10whatandwork,סןwherelife,)סןתפ]קחו

,21Knata~,464Ahmad8-4ו4'סוMadehGazacamp,ref~veeYunisKhanofresident

ofcelle~ethe4!studentmathematicsstrip,Ramallah51Sciences,

ןacceptedwasיSciencesofCollegethe8ח]startingYearacademictheforRamallahחו

therestudy10beganonly[1994.September[didthenonlybecause]994December,[וthe4זstrip.Gazatheexitסזpermitפreceive

For0828.0זreturned[year.firstthe0מח"יonlypermitthereceived[year,secondtheח0

the-,996February[ח]ל.99November24[-yearacademicsecondthe0,middle

Aftervacationholidaytheforhomereturnedofbecauseclosureנwasthereholiday,the

permit.new8getcouldn't[andattacks,theyear,thirdtheForן3receivedזווחו"קר[110

have[thensinceand,699ןDecemberhere.remained

beganyearacademicfourthTheח30[attackslastthe0,Because]997.September

forrequestפsubmit1חסdid[closure-the8חמpermit3סזtravelזthe0ןOnlyBank.~estח20

beenhadclosuretheafter]997,OctoberPalestinianthe81requestsfile[did[elaxed,

0,officeheadthe3זand"חטץKhanחןDCOGaza.חןDCOthe

then.Sinceןtimessevenbackgonehaveז0andgranted,beenhadrequestsmy,נ5ין

toldtheytimeeachיתוthereן5הו51סחmyOctober,חס]לtime,lastTheanswer.

check,1סGaza[חDCOthe10wentmothertheythathertoldcharge[חpersonthe8חנ

hadיסחreceivedyetחעresponse8ס1יתוtheחסlistedam[thathertold""request.0,policytheמחפstudent,8ascomputer

clearן5זסחstudentsor~Israel

4missil3יandhome1[5זפ[meantime,the[ח1thatworrled)חפ[studies.myoflotsחסoutןהשandyearacademicwholethisloseהש]ח10

degree.mvget0ןablebe

Sha'tiofresident24,Zeidat,Mu~ammad6usinessstrip,Gazacamp,reh~ee

Zeit1"14!graduateadministrationUniversifווע

~romstudentsotherseveraIwithTogetheradministralionbusinessmyfinished[Gaza,

DCOtheThroughagomonthsfourstudiesח]10returnסזrequest8submitted[Ramallah

,havebutGazaחsuccess(ulbeenyet10ח]wasZeitBir10"(1רחפtimelastThe."חוח]טז"ו

1996.December,ח

years.fourtake0זsupposedweresludiesThebutזןtookת]"study10began[years.sevenזפ

universitytheחסWhen]991.November5ןbecausebutstudy,סןwantedreally[began,

yourofmuchloseyousituation,the[סalwaysareYoudesireandmotivation

theaboutfamily,youraboutthinkingarethingsthese[[.,you[self.aboutsituation,

eflectdetrimentalפhad3חמfrustrating,very

חסרח"andחסתו(gradesןthatrecallחן[199.wewhere0זdayeverycomewouldIDFthe

you,ןevenand,[[81פstudycouldn'tWelived.prepare,andStUdycouldזןhavewouldפ

mybeganרחוז"ןtheSinceeffect.detrimentalEachcourse.whole8(inishedrlever[studies,

monthפhere,monthפlosewould1"רחוז,permit.8forwaitingwhilethereח]ל,99[-994[

ha[f8andYear8forZeitBir3יremained[home.goingwithout

we,1991[חbeginning,the[חthatremember1Thenpermits.obtain0זhaveeven10חdid

aftercard;magnetic3request10begantheypermitsthencolors,va[iousחןpermits1"81,

g[antdidn'ttheyultimatelyandstay,10permitsי3.[[8

חן996,March[arrestedtheyת]"andצר]פחוGaza.f[omstudentsotherחמbackussent8ס1

thatstudiesmy~inish10supposedwas1Gaza.the0ןreturnסן~nanagedidntזטלןyear,

universityזחט,]making]996,Decemberעתו[then,Sincelo[dan.מחנEgyptviathereNay

wo[ry1dayEvery20,1.חןוומremainedhaverne.arrestסזcorne.11,עtheythat

]]fo[eignersarewethatfeeחןourה0וח"[8חמ_worldtheרוןanyplaceסזtravelסזeasier5ז]ן

example,ForRamallahסזgetזןן5סזthan

University.Zeit1]997[זפלOctober80חHamedAbuFuad1סgivenwastestimonyThe.[ללgivenwastestimonyThe.2סRokayaAbuNaiib1ח0מ]1997octoberחןKhanץטחוrefugee5ותק3(

OrganizationsRightsHumanofWorkthe5אשחששששח

וויתטל,requestevery199סן]thatGazaenteן8had8150[מתפapproved,wassubmittedand1996תןIsrae(.enter1סpermitזח"חפהו]"ק

,equeststhreesubmitted[1997]סןgoס1submitted[[ejectedwasthemofEach0828_

[1997.October,חrequeststheseoflastthethethroughthemof81]submittedק8["5זוחופחDCOtheandRamallah.חןDCOcivilianrequestthethat"וחוזeach"תוtoldof~icials

theexplainingwithoutrelected,beenhadwhyreasonז0ת]".חוtraveled1]997.luneסז

(lew1Octoberof"מחthe8זandlordan,50Airport.Ben-~Guflon~romabroadזןת5[""5

theythatGaza1סonly5ן1ןthat"סזתוpeculiartravel."1"[חיdon't

anothersubmitted1ago,week8Aboutyet1חסhave[butGaza,enter1סrequest

receivedפ,Thereresponseן5סחreasonס1thebetweenfreelytravelingfrom"תוprevent

BankWestחמ8נ28"(חןcount[ymyמחפhomeland.

Gasa,efresident45,Dahman,M~hammadCenterthe0,office~ranchGazathe0,director

RiehtsWorkersandDemocrac"for

byhandledcase8describes(ollowing(ThetheofDefenceTheforCenterHaMoked:

Individual.)

theofdirectorthe5ןDahmanMuhammadandDemocracyforCentertheofoffice0328areheadquarterswhoseRights,Workersחן

theofchair35servesalsoHeRamallah.generalandtradefororganizationgeneral

885servesandGaza,,חworkersservicememberוסofdirectorsofboardtheחז"Group,MonitoringRightsחפת]טהPalestinianmember3andlerusalem,חןareofficeswhose

"Peoples'theof""(זיות]וחסadvisorytheoflerusalem.חןpublishediournal,Rights"

.severaIa[[estedbeenhasDahmanMrזוות"5.military3bytriedarrested,washe]972,חן

betweenmovement~reeחסprohibitionThealsostripGazatheandBankwestthe

Palestinianofworktheallectsnegativelytheof5"סוחworkers.rightsהטחר3ח

and~ankWestthebothחןworkorganizations",themenable10andst[ip,03281ס1

coordinateח"branchestheirofwork1חמ8theirtraining,-ןחserviceandaCtlVltlESחפוק

areas.twothesebetweenmovemuststa~f

ofworkTheחפוחטחorganizationsrightsן5rights,חפתוטךthemonitorסןnecessary

AmongTerritories.Occupiedtheחוsituationareo[ganizationstheseofactivities1חי

violations,seriousaboutwarningattemptingsituation.thedocumentingס1

rights,humanofareatheחןpolicy"עס]קרחןindividuals.1סassistanceproviding3חמmovementחסrestrictiontheThere~ore,

only10חworkersrightshumanחסimposedfree1סrightindividualsthepreiudicespersonsthoseי]פharmsalso,1movement;

thebydefendedarerightswhoseorganizations.

47,4!-Bar~huti,HasianShi~liHassan,0,Centerthe9,directovRamallah,0,resident

Rivhts"WorkersandDemocrac"

DemocracyforCentertheofdirectortheןרחפמחפofficeheadou[Rights.Workersן5ח,GazatheחןbranchפhaveWQandRamallah,.CentertheofobiectiveThestripן5ס1ןח15,ן1principlesdemocraticחןaspublictheפ

theofconsciousnessincrease0מחפןwholeincreasingסזinterestspecialpayWesubject

rights.theiraboutworkersofawareness1""theחסlecturesמחפcoursesprovideWe

fromlecturersseveraIhavewe3חמsubiect,Westtheחהמ,.ofpartAsתו?,travel1tasksפ

both0323,מחפ~ankWestthebetween1ןסthe,סsomegivepersonally1because

thesuperviseסזhave1because3חלlecturesbranchGazatheofactivityן,,ס)"_

RokayaAbuNaiib10givenwastestimonyTheחס1997December10חוהפ]ופת]פא

daytheaftermonthonepermitthereceivedgo.1חסdid[30place.take0זwasmeetingthe

conferencerightshuman81997,October[חrequested[Gaza.חןheldbeingwas

AmnestyTheGaza.1סtravel0זpermissionandbehalfmyחסintervenedIsraelחןbranchחworkersAmnestyotherthree0,behalf0ו]ן

noneandhelp.10חdidזןbutBank,WesttheWestthefromworkersrightshumanofthe

permit.8receivedBank

theprotest[activist,rightshuman8AsEnlightenedmovement.my0ח[estrictions

rightshumanofworktherespectcountriesiobtheirperform0יthemenableandworkers

restrictions.without

efresident35,Aqrn,MuhammadAaBassemtheofemplo~eestrip,Gaza,ןש14644ע!,םRiehts,H~manforCenterPalestinianא,

יי0814

forCenterPalestinianattheresearcherפam[workMycity.Gazaן5חןwhichRights,Human

becauseBank,westtheסזgo[thatrequiresthere.activitiesconductalsowe

8had[,799ןNovemberofendtheוויחטmeenabledwhichcard,magneticסזobtainפ

Bank.Westtheand[srael0ןחזcross1זוח]ץ"קסErez0זwalked[]997,December29()חcard.magneticmyrenew0זCheckpoint

industrialthefromoperatesbustransport4cardsmagneticthewhereofficethe1סarea

authorizationwithpersons)()וחrenewed.arethe0חgetfo[cessecurityPalestinianfrombody-was[0]1,gettingafte[andBeforebus,searchedןט5זpassengers,otherthelikeי,

ca[didentity)[תthemshowed[office,thepermit8r~egavetheyandcard,magnetic8חמ

that8חמsite,theזפbeing)[תexplainsthatDCO.theזפaredocumentsmythatconfirms

andsearchbodyanotherconductedTheycall0זthemforwaited[andcheck,security

nne_

10go0ח]"זcalledtheycanne,turnmyWhenHehim.1סwent[officer.complaintsthe

Heimprisonment0זsentencedandcourt-washe]988,[ח]ל.98Mayחוreleasedwas

monthsslxfordetainedadministrativelyח]andrried,arrested,agalnwashe]989,August

]993luly[חreleasedwas"הimprisoned.forshortenedwassentenceprisonhiswhen

alsowasDahmanMr.reasons.healthbyactivities,rightshumanhisfo[detained,

PNAthehasDahmanMr.1993,[ח[eleasedbeingSince

permitsseve[alreceivedסtheexit1פ2פ0enter0זpermitפreceivedhe]993,[חstrip.

twopastthe[חtreatment.medicalforIsraelleave0זpermitsseveralreceivedheyears,

Rafahthroughabroadt[avel0זstripGazatheןח".his0,requesteverythis,Despite)]055ס1

reiected.beenhasBankWestthe0זtravel

theforCenterHaMoked:1997,lune[תappealedIndividualtheofDe~enceח1150[

behalfסןgeneralattorneytheofofficetheחו50Israelenter0זpermitפrequestedandם28פ

and88חוWesttheסזgocouldhethatwasrequestThework.hisforlerusalem

November[חreasons"."securityforrejected8submittedagalnonceHaMoked,799ן

gene[alattorneytheיסof~icethe10[equestenter1סpermit8grantedbeDahmanMrthat

westtheחוparticipatecouldhethat5038ח]Arabthebygivencourset[aining8

ThisRamallah.[חCenter,Developmentwithouttimethisrejected,8150wasrequest

reasons.anygiving

resident,314-844ז(וzonifM~hammadWidaAmnest"ofemplo~eeHe~ron,of

ןש,מ4!""4וי44!

Amnestyofactivitiescoordinate[resrequiliobMy.י8הImallח]פקInternational[

theandBankWestthebothחוwork[thatAmnesty'sintensi~y(חפ[that50stripGaza

Territories.Occupiedthe[חactivity

ח]submitted[]997,Februaryחפקק[ו(פ1וסח8couldןthat50Gazaenter0זpermitפfo[

[work.myסזrelatedmeeting8חוparticipate

lerusalem.ן799חו~ecember]70חRokayaAbuNaiib10givenwastestimonyThe4לGaza[ן799חDecember30חסRokayaAbuNaiib10givenwastestimonyThe.לל

rightshumanarethereח]?YouGazaל7[[[ת0זsaid,heend,theזגcard."magnetic8receive

committeethe10תסוח]קסmyforward[['["OK,

yourrevoking0חappealthed~scuss1]]]עthattwoabout[10ת]"חbackComecard.magnetic

identitymybackrnegavesoldierTheweeks."

twoחןback"Comeme,סזsaidandcardthen."beforebackcoeedon'tmonths;

[,[askedHedetails.personalaboutmeasked[past.the[חarrestedbeenhad[]18חמpray,

twenty-twoforheldwas[been.had[thatsaidmeaskedHestone-throwing.formonths

himtold[1.סbelonged[organizationwhichpoliticalany0זbelongdon't1that

told[work.[whererneaskedHeorganization.forCenterPalestinianthe8זwork[thathim

"What.said,andlaughedHeRights.Human

enter10Palestiniansforeasier15יוthatfactwestthebetweeneove0זthanwork10Israel

thisstrengthensstrip0828theand88חיט3קו([0ת_3

orWhetherזסחintention,Israel's15thisחסח-haspassagesafethe0,implementationפ

Thesignificance.socialandpoliticaltheandst[ipGazathebetweenseverance

0,developmentprecludes88,תWestpoliticalandeconomic,social,communal,

Asareas_twothe0,residentsofthelifeפPalestiniantwocreatesnecessarily11result,them.betweentiesweakwithsocieties,

8]5passagesafetheofImplementation0,freedomthe0,terms[חstandard[ח]ט(חוח]ח

Occupiedtheofresidents0,movement.de~inedAsTerritoriesח]agreements,theט5"

8obtainingחסdepends"48558קtheofIsrael'sconsideringEvenIsrael.frompermit

thiscitizens,ifs0,securitytheensure0יrightofrightsfundamentalthevlolatesrestriction

TerritoriesOccupiedthe0,residentsן0maintainsB'Tselemmovement.offreedom

areastwothesebetweenpassagethethatareasthethatgiven,Irestricted,טחbe[מshoul

territorialsingle8consideredbeshouldזוחט,However,Accords.0510theחןagreedas

mustIsraelstage,this881"1י,holdsB'Tselem

זarrangementsthosewithcomplyleast8יןimplement.0ןundertook

andgovernmentIsraelitheurgesB'Tselem

assolutionagreed-upon8חreach10PNAtheimplementationregardingpossibleas500ת

enable[[ן,ןwhichpassage,sa~etheoftheandstripGazathebetweenmovementstrive10sidestwotheurges8150]1Bank.west

unrestrictedenable[[ן,ןthatsolutlon8forareas,twothebetweenmovement

Conclusions

undertookIsraelAccords,0510thesigning[חthebetweenpassagesafe8implementסז

hasIs[aelBank.WesttheandstripGazaundertaking,thisdisregardedcontinuously

Accords,0510theonly10חviolatingtherebypersons.0,ofthousandsrightsthe8150but

WestthethatdeclarationAccords'0510Thesingle.8constitutestripGazatheandBank

demographicח0פbased13"זוחטterritorialfamily,anddependencemutual0,reality

twothebetweentiessocialandeconomic,areas,

movement0ח[estrictionssweepingTheOccupiedthe0,residentsח0י]פimposed

eneasure8consideredbecannotTerritoriesrestrictionsThedangers.securityprevent10

entirethe0חarbitrarilyimposedareandTerritories,Occupiedthe0,population

have0זprovenpersonsthose0חonlyיסחacts.violentחןinvolvedpersonallybeenforonly1ן5חסmeasurethisTherefore,

rneasure,punitive8also5זןןsecurity;punishment,collectiveconstituting

law.internationalunderprohibited

needssecurityIsrael'sbetweenbalanceTheOccupiedtheofresidents0,righttheandestablishedwasmovementfree0זTerritories

peacethesigning[חAgreements.0510the[חtheconsider0זagreesIsraelagreements,

territorialone88חוWestthe8חמstripם28פpassagesafe8implement0זand.זוחט

whi.areas,twothesebetweenם]וmailחז8ןח]ח41508werethatIngementsrraI8IritysecuIthe

thatsuspicionst[ongtheraisespolicy[s[ael's

theandst[ipGazathesever0זintends1ןseparatetwocreatingthereby.ח8חוWest

ThePNA.theofcontroltheunder[egions

30

ofCoordinatortheofOfficetheofResponsetheandSamaria.Judea,מוActivitiesGovernment

Strip*0828

ISRAEL0זSTATEDefenseofMinistry

Defense0,MinistryActivitiesGovernmentofCoordinatortheofOffice

stripGazatheandSamaria,Judea,חו03-6975351/02Tel:

03-6976306Fax:1998March11

B'Tselem,Dear

PassageSafethe0תReportB'Tselem'sRe:

agreementTheupon.agreedwaspassagesafeoftheprincipletheAgreement,Interimtheמוtwothebydiscussedbewouldimplementedbewould11which1חmannerthethatprovided

ofprinciplestheandcompletedarediscussionstheastimesuch111טתparties.passage.safetheimplement10impossible1511signed,implementation

throughacting,15DefenseofMinistrythepassage,safetheofimplementation10Unrelatedthead~anceandlmprove10Territories,the1תActi~itiesGovernment0,Coordinatorthe

Gen.Territories,theמוActivitiesGovernmentofCoordinatorThethere.situatloneconomicsoughtbe)0importance,crucialofbe10advancementeconomicconsldersOhr,Ya'akov

15activityThisnegotiations.politicaltheלוןmadebeingprogress10connectionanyWlthoutbutproblems,ofthesomesolvewouldwhichpassage,safeoftheinsteaddonebeing10ח

theofimplementationaftercontinuealso11י,ןactivityThisactivity.independentתבasratherpassage.safe

TewitoriestheמוActivitiesGovernmentofCoordinatorthethatactivitythe15followingTheJudea,חןPalestiniansoflifeofqualityandeconomythelmprove)0order111performs

Gaza:andSamaria

authorizedCoordinatorTheSamaria.andJudeaandGazabetweenoftrucksPassage.(עwasthatrouteAnotherHebron.fromand10routetruckPalestinianבofoperation

thebecausestagethis1בoperatedbeen10חhasRamallah,10Gazafromestablished,routethisusetruckshundredסתוחSome.1ןoperate10want10מdoesAuthorityPalestinian

yearly.

passingtrucksofnumbertheמןincreasethebyindicated5ןimprovementeconomicThe.8the1997,1חpassed.,96211Ofaverageחו,1996וובpoints.crossingoftheeachthrough

15,175.wasnumberaverage

ofexportsexample,Formatters.expol~totherחןIncreasesignificantבalsowasThere.](exportedwerevegetablesoftons15001996,1מmultiplied.haveGazafromvegetables

5'750]00.byTranslated

Gaza.fromמו,3200reachedexportsvegetable1997מexportsStrawberry10.5מן1996800wereת10.5מ1200reachedhadexportsstrawberry1997,1תbeenhasThere10.5מב

otherandfurniture,shoes,clothing,assuchsectors,exportotherthe11תובIncrease.products.

.)Onlyrecently.apparentbeenalsohaspassageofmattertheimprove10desireOur1בAllenbytheבוץJordan)0Gazafromfruitscitrusmove,0beganweago,weeksofcouple

ourbetweennegotiationsfollowingexecutedwasimprovementThisBridge.thoseandrepresentativesourbetweenandrepresentativesJordanianandrepresentatives

PA.theof

fromandGaza)0SamariaandJudeafromcross)0Palestinians600of1בי10בallowsIsrael1:.visitation.offamilypurposetheforSamariaandJudea10Gaza

)0wantingresidentsGazaforpassage0,possibilitythePalestinianstheofferedIsrael.עpassagethisthatsuggestedwestage,firsttheחוBridge.AllenbytheבוץJordan10travel

arrangement.thisofimplementationenabledyet10תhasPATheaccompanied.be

)[.work10Palestiniansthousandfiftyofentrythe1151partialthis10add10possible1511ח])0IsraelenterwhoPalestiniansofthousandsanddealers,thousandtwelvedaily,Israelalso1511activities.othervarlousforandmeetings,fortreatment,medicalrecelvestudy,

Israel.throughpass10allowedtaxisPa[estiniantheinclude10possible

Unfortunately,unification.familyforfamilies1200OfquotaannualחבestablishedIsrael.אusprovide10refusedPAthebecauseyearthisprocessthisimplement10beganonlywe

15PAthebecauseGaza1תnormalascontinuesprocessThefamilies.theofnamesthewithnarnes.theprovidingתןcooperating

permanentofprovislontheandinvestorsofmovementthe1תinvolvedalsoareWe.1Territories.theחוbusinesspeoplebyinvestmentencourage10orderתןpermits,

תג,livingfacilitate10activitywide-scaleoursummationמן15GazaandSamariaandJudeaמ10the011negotiationstheforwait10חshouldwethatthinkwebutpassage,safethereplace10done

socio-improve10orderחןconclude10subjects,other011negotiationslikepassage,safeGaza.andSamaria,Judea,0,residentstheandusbetweenrelationseconomic

ofarrangementlands,PA0חareasindustrialOfsubjecttheofadvancementthatus10clear1511investments0,encouragementbusinesspeople,IsraeliandPalestinianbetweenmeetingsתנcreate10importantarerelationssoclalandeconomicofnurturingandPA,theחוareasindustrial

improve11ל,וpassagesafethethatus10clear511ןPalestinians.theandIsraelforfuturebetter8be.וונ,עimprovementthissigilificanthow315טus10clear)0ו)15מthoughsituatlon,this

there5,paragraphווןoutpointweAsclosure.theofthat5ןreporttheחןraisedissueAnother.4bydictatedmovements0מrestrictionsaretherebutunderstood,previouslyasclosure0ן5ח

10subject51]1]areofIsraelresidentsthatherenotedbeshouldאsituation.securitythe1andJerusalem,מוsulclde-attackstwowitnessedvveyear,pasttheחוacts.ofterroristthreats

10intentiontheirandcellsterrorlstofexposuretheandthreatsHamasaccount01וחtakewelessened.yet10חhasthreatthisattacks,furtherexecute

orIsraelenteringfromprecludedbeingPalestinians0מpresentsB'TselemtestimoniesThe.5

8thatmoment8forexpect)0מdidWethemselves.forspeakcountrythethroughpassingB'Tselem's0זstatewouldreasonssecurityforIsrael0)ותentryprecludedwaswhoperson

12~00allowsIsraelthatfactTheorganizations.terroristמןactivityhisaboutresearchers

dailyIsraelenter10Palestiniansotherofthousandsandworkers50,000thanmoredealers,

ratherbutIsrael,enteringfrompersonsinnocentprevent10intend10חdoes11thatindicates

ofsecuritytheprejudice10privilegethisofadvantagetake111ליfearwewhomthoseonlystate.theofresidents

doWe.6מconditioneconomicthechange)0ablebe)0profess)0חוwithinSamariaandJudeaב

good.fromfar15TerritoriestheמןsituationthethatawareareWetime.ofperiodshort

achieve10seeksTerritoriestheחוActivitiesGovernmentofCoordinatortheHowever,

tomorrowthathopeWerisk.securityofdegreecertain8takingwhilcimprovementconstantyesterday.thanbetter15whichtodaythanbetterbeל,ן1ו

sake:precision'sforpointsfewבstudents,forAs.7

andJudea!מstudyingGazafromstudents1500somecurrentlyarethereestimateWe24.permit.בwithoutthereremainwhoSamaria

As.8בdowhostudents100)0permitsgrant10agreedIsraelstep,firstמconstitute10ב

werestudentsTwenty-twonames.131submittedfar50hasPATheproblem.securityח10

were101andchecked,being51]11arestudentsEightreasons.securityforapproved

promisedbeenhasPAThepermits.theirtakenhavestudentsforty-fourdate,Toapproved.

securitythepassedandpermitבwithoutSamariaandJudea!תstayedwhostudentsthat

Israel.enteringfromprecludedbeingaslistedbe10מalso1]~ליcheck

Israel.throughstudentsofpassagepreclude)0tendencygeneralבhave10תdoWe.)7

arrange,05ןobjectiveourinstitutions.educationalIsraeliמןstudystudentsofHundredsinterest.securityIsrael'sensuringwhilestudentsofpassage

!5Israelprocess,politicaltheחוdifficultiesandconstraintssecurityDespitesummation:מו

ofresidents0,conditionsoclo-ecoomictheImprov]]lgofprocessgradualבimplementing

orresident0110offeelingsubjectiveבabouttalking!101areWeGaza.andSamaria,Judea,

forPAthe10IsraelfrommoneyoftransferThedata.economicprovenaboutratherbutanother,

oftransferTheincreased.significantlyhavetaxesotherandfees,crossingdeductions,tax

moneyחןthanless10amounted1995אmillion.8051ח1997,1ן)thanmore10roseא18051

less10comparisonחוmillion,800us$thanmorereachedalso1997ווןrevenuesPAmillion.

PalestiniantheתנimprovementindicatefiguresThese1996.formillion700us$thantrend.thisstrengthen10act10continueshallweandeconomy,

Sincerely,

5/

DrorShlomo

ofCoordinatortheforSpokesperson

TerritoriestheחוActivitiesGovernment