BUKU TAHUNAN PERANGKAAN MALAYSIA 2012 1 (a) …malaysiaeconomy.net/download/bkkp/2012/05_CARTA.pdf · Perumahan, air, elektrik, gas & bahan api Housing, water, electricity, gas &

BUKU TAHUNAN PERANGKAAN MALAYSIA 2012STATISTICS YEARBOOK MALAYSIA 2012

xxiii

Kadar Pengangguran Unemployment Rate (%)

Bilangan Orang Number of Persons (Juta / Million)

Bilangan BekerjaNumber of Employed

Bilangan Menganggur Number Unemployed

Kadar PengangguranUnemployment Rate

3.2% 3.3%3.7%

3.3% 3.1% 3.0%

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

JUMLAH TENAGA BURUH, BILANGAN BEKERJA DAN KADAR PENGANGGURANTOTAL LABOUR FORCE, NUMBER EMPLOYED AND UNEMPLOYMENT RATE

1 (a)

GUNA TENAGA MENGIKUT INDUSTRI, 2012EMPLOYMENT BY INDUSTRY, 2012

1 (b)

Bekalan elektrik, Gas,Wap, Pendingin udara

dan AirElectricity, Gas, Steam,

Air conditioning and Water supply

1.1 %

PerkhidmatanServices57.5%

PembuatanManufacturing

17.5%

Perlombongan dan Pengkuarian

Mining and Quarrying0.6%

Pertanian, Perhutanandan Perikanan

Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries

12.6%

Pembinaan Construction

9.1 %

Lain-lain Others1.5%

Jumlah Guna Tenaga Total Employment

12,723.2 Ribu / Thousand

• Pada tahun 2012, jumlah tenaga buruh mencatatkan peningkatan sebanyak 3.6% berbanding dengan tahun 2011. In 2012, the total labour force registered an increase of 3.6% as compared to 2011.

• Sektor Perkidmatan mengatasi industri lain dengan 7.3 juta (57.5%) daripada jumlah guna tenaga. Daripada 13 sub-sektor, perdagangan borong dan runcit, pembaikan kenderaan bermotor dan motosikal adalah penyumbang tertinggi iaitu 16.6%. The services sector was ahead of other sectors with 7.3 million (57.5%) from the total of work force. Out of the 13 services sub- sectors, wholesale and retail trade , repair of motor vehicles and motocycles was the highest contributor with 16.6%.

INDEKS HARGA PENGGUNA (IHP)CONSUMER PRICE INDEX (CPI)

( 2010 = 100 )

2 (a)

94

96

98

100

102

104

106

9092949698

100102104106108110

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Jumlah IndeksTotal Index

-10

-8

-6

-4

-2

0

2

4

6

2009/2008 2010/2009 2011/2010 2012/2011

IHP - PERUBAHAN PERATUS TAHUNANCPI - ANNUAL PERCENTAGE CHANGE

2 (b)

Makanan & Minuman Bukan Alkohol Food & Non-Alcoholic Beverages

Perumahan, air, elektrik, gas & bahan api Housing, water, electricity, gas & fuels

Komunikasi Communication

Kesihatan Health

Pendidikan Education

Jumlah Total

Pengangkutan Transport

% PerubahanChange

Indeks Index

• Indeks Harga Pengguna (IHP) bagi tahun 2012 meningkat sebanyak 1.6 peratus kepada 104.9 dibandingkan dengan 103.2 pada tempoh yang sama tahun lepas. The Consumer Price Index (CPI) for the period January to December 2012 increased by 1.6 per cent to 104.9 compared with that of 103.2 in the same period last year.

• Pada tahun 2012, kumpulan utama makanan & minuman bukan alkohol dan restoran & hotel mencatatkan peningkatan tertinggi iaitu masing-masing sebanyak 2.7% dan 2.9%. In the year 2012, the main group of food & non-alcoholic beverages and restaurants & hotel was recorded the highest increases by 2.7% and 2.9% respectively.


xxiv


xxv

EksportExports

ImportImports

Imbangan PerdaganganBalance of Trade

IMBANGAN PERDAGANGANBALANCE OF TRADE

3 (b)RM Bilion / Billion

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

+ 12.9%-17.7%+ 40.1%

-22.8%

-6.7%

• Pada tahun 2012, jumlah eksport dan import masing-masing mencatatkan peningkatan sebanyak 0.7% dan 5.8% berbanding dengan tahun 2011. In 2012, the total export and import registered an increase of 0.7% and 5.8% respectively as compared to 2011.

• Dalam tahun 2012, lebihan dagangan Malaysia mencatatkan penurunan sebanyak 22.8% berbanding dengan tahun 2011. In 2012, Malaysia trade surplus recorded a decrease of 22.8% as compared to 2011.

EksportExports

ImportImports

EKSPORT DAN IMPORTEXPORTS AND IMPORTS

3 (a)

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

663.0

552.5

638.8

697.9

702.6

519.8

434.7

528.8

573.6

606.7

RM Bilion / Billion

EKSPORT MENGIKUT SEKSYEN BARANGANEXPORTS BY COMMODITY SECTIONS

3 (c)

Jentera dan kelengkapan pengangkutan Machinery and transport equipment

1

Bahan api galian, pelincir, dll. Mineral fuels, lubricants, etc.

2

Minyak dan lemak binatang dan sayur-sayuran Animal and vegetable oils and fats

3

Barang keluaran kilang Manufactured goods

4

Pelbagai barang keluaran kilang Miscellaneous manufactured articles

5

Bahan kimia Chemicals

6

Bahan mentah, tidak boleh dimakan Crude materials, inedible

7

Makanan Food

8

Pelbagai urus niaga dan barangan Miscellaneous transactions and commodities

9

Minuman dan tembakau Beverages and tobacco

10

(Seksyen Barang / Commodity Section )

RM Bilion / Billion

• Pada tahun 2012, jumlah eksport barang mengikut seksyen mencatatkan peningkatan sebanyak 0.7% berbanding dengan tahun 2011. In 2012, the total export of commodities by section registered an increase of 0.7% as compared to 2011.

• Pertumbuhan dalam eksport disumbangkan oleh kenaiikan eksport daripada seksyen pelbagai urus niaga & barangan, seksyen minuman & tembakau, seksyen bahan api galian & pelincir dan seksyen barang keluaran kilang dimana masing-masing mencatatkan peningkatan sebanyak 36.4%, 18.8%, 14.0%, dan 6.2% berbanding dengan tahun 2011. The growth in exports was contributed by higher exports of miscellaneous transactions & commodities section, beverages & tobacco section, mineral fuels, lubricants section and manufactured goods section, which is increased by 36.4%, 18.8%, 14.0% dan 6.2% respectively as compared to 2011.

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

269.8

125.8

73.1

65.4

64.7

46.2

25.0

20.6

4.2 3.1

266.7

143.4

63.4

63.6 68.7

46.1

20.6

20.7

5.7 3.7

2011 : RM 697, 862 Juta / Million

2012 : RM 702, 641 Juta / Million


xxvi


xxvii

IMPORT MENGIKUT SEKSYEN BARANGANIMPORTS BY COMMODITY SECTIONS

3 (d)

RM Bilion / Billion

Jentera dan kelengkapan pengangkutan Machinery and transport equipment

1

Bahan api galian, pelincir, dll. Mineral fuels, lubricants, etc.

2

Barang keluaran kilang Manufactured goods

3

Bahan kimia Chemicals

4

Pelbagai barang keluaran kilang Miscellaneous manufactured articles

5

Makanan Food

6

Bahan mentah, tidak boleh dimakan Crude materials, inedible

7

Pelbagai urus niaga dan barangan Miscellaneous transactions and commodities

8

Minyak dan lemak binatang dan sayur-sayuran Animal and vegetable oils and fats

9

Minuman dan tembakau Beverages and tobacco

10

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

255.3

67.6 75

.0

53.9

36.0

34.5

24.8

11.9

11.5

3.1

266.5

86.0

75.2

54.5

37.4

36.1

24.9

12.5

9.7 3.8

2011 : RM 573, 626 Juta / Million

2012 : RM 606, 677 Juta / Million

(Seksyen Barangan / Commodity Section )

• Pada tahun 2012, nilai import barang mengikut seksyen mencatatkan peningkatan sebanyak 5.8% berbanding dengan tahun 2011. In 2012, the import value of commodities by section registered an increase of 5.8% as compared to 2011.

• Pada tahun 2012, seksyen bahan api galian & pelincir merupakan penyumbang utama kepada kenaikan import iaitu meningkat sebanyak 18.4 juta atau 27.2% berbanding dengan tahun lepas. Ini diikuti dengan seksyen minuman & tembakau yang menyumbang kenaikan sebanyak 0.7 juta atau 22.1% . In 2012, mineral fuels, lubricants section was the main contributor to the higher imports which recorded an increase of 18.4 million or 27.2% as compared to last year. This is followed by beverages & tobacco section which contributed an increase of 0.7 million or 22.1%.


xxviii

RM 607,364Juta

Million

20.5%

13.6%

13.2%

12.6%

11.8%

10.8%

8.9%

5.0%2.4%

1.2%

Ke

To

RM 702,187.9 Juta

Million

JUMLAH EKSPORTTOTAL EXPORTS

ARAH HALA PERDAGANGAN MENGIKUT NEGARA, 2012DIRECTION OF TRADE BY COUNTRY, 2012

3 (e)

OCEANIA

Negara-negara lain Other Countries

Negara ASEAN lain Other ASEAN Countries

Afrika Africa

Kesatuan Eropah European Union

Amerika America

Singapura Singapore

Negara Asia Lain Other Asia Countries

China

JepunJapan

17.6%

15.1%

13.3%

11.8%

10.8%

10.3%

6.0%

5.1%3.6% 3.5% 2.9%

DariFrom

JUMLAH IMPORT TOTAL IMPORT

OCEANIA

Negara-negara lain Other Countries

Negara ASEAN lain Other ASEAN Countries

Indonesia

Kesatuan Eropah European Union

Amerika America

Singapura Singapore

China

Thailand

Negara Asia Lain Other Asia Countries

JepunJapan


xxix

RM Bilion / Billion

-100

-50

0

50

100

150

200

250

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

4 (a) HASIL DAN PERBELANJAAN KERAJAAN PERSEKUTUAN, 2007- 2012FEDERAL GOVERNMENT REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE, 2007 - 2012

Hasil RevenuePerbelanjaan Mengurus Operating Expenditure

Perbelanjaan Pembangunan BersihNet Development ExpenditureDefisit / Lebihan KeseluruhanOverall Deficit / Surplus

Lebihan / Defisit SemasaCurrent Surplus / Defisit

3.5%

35.1%

53.4%

8.0%

4.7%

49.8%

32.0%

13.5%

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

7.5%

2.9%

60.9%

27.4%

8.8%

2.3%

60.7%

27.2%

9.8%

3.6%

49.5%

39.4%8.0%

35.1%

53.4%

3.5%

13.5%

32.0%

49.8%

4.7%

PERBELANJAAN PEMBANGUNAN KERAJAAN PERSEKUTUAN, 2008 - 2012 FEDERAL GOVERNMENT DEVELOPMENT EXPENDITURE, 2008 - 2012

4 (b)

Keselamatan SecurityPerkhidmatan Sosial Social Services

Pentadbiran AmGeneral Administration

Perkhidmatan Ekonomi Economic Services

Sumber : Kementerian Kewangan, MalaysiaSource : Ministry of Finance, Malaysia

RM Bilion / Billion

Dolar A. S. ( seunit ) U. S. Dollar ( per unit )Paun Sterling ( seunit ) Pound Sterling ( per unit )

Yen Jepun ( 100 unit ) Japanese Yen ( 100 units )Euro ( seunit ) Euro ( per unit )

Dolar Singapura ( seunit ) Singapore Dollar ( per unit )

KADAR PERTUKARAN RINGGIT MALAYSIA (PURATA)EXCHANGE RATES OF RINGGIT MALAYSIA (AVERAGE)

5 (a)

Ringgit Malaysia

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Yen Jepun Japanese Yen

Dolar A.S U.S. Dollar

Dolar Singapura Singapore Dollar

Euro Euro

Paun Sterling Pound Sterling

KADAR PERTUKARAN - PERUBAHAN PERATUS TAHUNANEXCHANGE RATES - ANNUAL PERCENTAGE CHANGE

5 (b)

-15

-10

-5

0

5

10

15

20

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

% PerubahanChange


xxx


xxxi

6.3%

2.8%

0.4%

4.6% 4.9%

3.9%

6.3%

4.8%

-1.5%

7.4%

5.1%5.6%

(200)

(100)

-

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

-2%

-1%

0%

1%

2%

3%

4%

5%

6%

7%

8%

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011e 2012p

Kadar PertumbuhanGrowth Rates RM Bilion / Billion

Pendapatan Negara Kasar (PNK) Gross National Income (GNI)

Keluaran Dalam Negeri Kasar (KDNK) Gross Domestic Product (GDP)

Kadar Pertumbuhan PNK (%)GNI Growth Rate (%)

Kadar Pertumbuhan KDNK (%)GDP Growth Rate (%)

PENDAPATAN NEGARA KASAR (PNK), KELUARAN DALAM NEGERI KASAR (KDNK) DAN KADAR PERTUMBUHAN PADA HARGA MALAR 2005GROSS NATIONAL INCOME (GNI ), GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT (GDP) AND

GROWTH RATES AT CONSTANT 2005 PRICES

6 (a)

KELUARAN DALAM NEGERI KASAR (KDNK) MENGIKUT JENIS AKTIVITI EKONOMI, 2012 GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT(GDP) BY KIND OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITY AT CURRENT PRICES, 2012

6 (b)

Pertanian Agriculture

10.1%Perlombongan

dan Pengkuarian Mining and Quarrying

10.4%Pembuatan

Manufacturing24.2%

PembinaanConstruction

3.9%

Perkhidmatan Services50.4%

Duti import Import duties

1.1%

Jumlah KDNK Total GDP

941,237 Juta / Million

• Ekonomi Malaysia mencatatkan pertumbuhan sebanyak 5.6 % pada 2012 dimana pertumbuhan tertinggi direkodkan oleh sektor Perkhidmatan dan Pembuatan iaitu masing masing menyumbang sebanyak 50.4% dan 24.2%. The Malaysia’s economy registered 5.6 % growth in 2012, whereby the highest growth was recorded by Services and Manufacturing sectors that is contributed 50.4% and 24.2% respectively.

• Pada tahun 2012, KDNK pada harga semasa mencatatkan nilai RM941.2 billion manakala PNK per kapita merekodkan RM30,856 berbanding dengan tahun sebelumnya masing masing merekodkan RM884.5 billion dan RM29,783. In 2012, GDP in current terms posted a value of RM941.2 billion while the GNI per capita recorded RM30,856 as compared to last year at RM884.5 billion and RM29,783 respectively .

102,190131,414

110,727

87,183102,426

57,348

-39,140

672

-51 -111

-133

159-17,754

-119,082

-80,173

-19,946

23,265

-23,037

45,296

18,250

-13,831

2,628

-94,682

-3,873

-150,000

-100,000

-50,000

0

50,000

100,000

150,000

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012Akaun Kewangan Financial Account

Akaun Modal Capital Account

Akaun Semasa Current Account

Aset Rizab Reserve Assets

RM Juta / Million

7 (a) IMBANGAN PEMBAYARANBALANCE OF PAYMENT

KEDUDUKAN PELABURAN LANGSUNG ASING (FDI) MENGIKUT SEKTOR, 2012FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT (FDI) POSITION BY SECTOR, 2012

7 (b)

19.4%

16.2%51.9%

12.5%

Pertanian,Perhutanan dan

Perikanan Agriculture, Forestry and

Fisheries 2.6%

Perlombongan dan Pengkuarian

Mining and Quarrying

6.5%

PembuatanManufacturing

47.5%

PembinaanConstruction

0.4%

AktivtiPerkhidmatan

Services Activities43.1%

Perdagangan Borong dan Runcit Wholesale and Retail

Maklumat dan Komunikasi Information and Communication

Aktiviti Kewangan dan Insurans/Takaful Financial and Insurance/Takaful Activities

Perkhidmatan LainOther services

Jumlah FDI Total FDI

363,940 Juta (Bersih)Million (Net)


xxxii

Documents

BUKU TAHUNAN PERANGKAAN MALAYSIA 2012 1 (a) …malaysiaeconomy.net/download/bkkp/2012/05_CARTA.pdf · Perumahan, air, elektrik, gas & bahan api Housing, water, electricity, gas &