K thut vin thng Telecommunications TechnologyGing vin: Trng Thu Hng

Sch tham khon n n n n

Phm Minh Vit, Thi Hng Nh, H thng vin thng, Nh xut bn KHKT 2003 Roger Freeman, Telecom System Engineering, Wiley-Interscience 2003 Nguyn Vit Knh, Thng tin s, nh xut bn gio dc, 2008 Vi ba s, tp 1, nh xut bn thng tin v truyn thng, 2010 Thi Hng Nh, H thng thng tin v tinh, nh xut bn bu in, 2008

Chng 1:

Tng quan h thng vin thngn n n n

Lch s vin thng Gii thiu h thng vin thng Ngun h thng tng t v s Cc kin thc c bnq q q q q

M ho v gii m iu ch v gii iu ch Ngu nhin ho Mt m ho v gii mt m M ng truyn

Lch sn n

n n n n n n

3500BC: bt u, s dng Abstract Signs 490 BC: lch s vin thng bt u, s dng ngi a tin (chy 40 km). Chy Marathon: 9-490 BC trn nh gn b bin Aegean, gn th trn Marathon. 360 BC: Water telegraphs 150 BC: mng li truyn tin bng khi trn 3000 dm ca quc La m 1794: C. Chappe (France) pht trin optical telegraph 1809: Samuel T. von Smmering, Germany pht trin Electric telegraph 1840: Samuel F. B. Morse (USA) xy dng Morse code 1844: chuyn mch in t t ng vit thng tin truyn i Samuel F.B. Morse gi telegraph u tin t Baltimore ti Washington, DC: "What hath God wrought?"

Lch sn n n n n n n n n n

1850: Telegraphy vt bin gii-cp bin Anh-Php 1853: Telegraph wires used in both directions simultaneously 1861: Philipp Reis pht minh in thoi 1876: Alexander Graham Bell (USA) c pht minh in thoi 1886: M: card c l cha d liu 1892: in thoi s dng quay s, tng i T t ng u tin 1894: truyn tn hiu khng dy di 2 dm bi Marconi 1899: Gim c Vn phng pht minh M: Tt c ci g c th u c pht minh 1902: thng tin radio ton th gii trn tu thy (Morse code) 1906: k nguyn in t bt u: chnh lu, triode, ki

Lch sn n n

n n n n n n n

1917: my pht AM 1919: b nh 2 vi 2 triodes 1922: Cc trm pht sng qung b c thng mi ha (Nga, Php, Anh, M) 1927: Tivi in t 1928: iu ch FM 1931: truyn hnh nh truyn hnh u tin dng in t 1935: cp ng trc nhiu li cho thng tin 1939: my tnh s 1949: Board mch in 1951: Howard H. Aiken pht trin my tnh in t

Lch sn n n n n n n n n n n

1954: Radio, ghi m stereo, radio 76m Anh 1958: Internet 1964: H iu hnh 1965: My tnh mini thit b s PDP-8 1970: Cp quang 1976: Siu my tnh - Cray-1 1979: Japanese Matsushita Inc. - Liquid Crystal TV 1980: Videotext, Cable TV, Video Conferencing, CD 1983: My tnh c nhn, a mm 1985: nh v bng v tinh 1991: WWW

S thay i ca h thng thng tin1950's: x l batch vi cun giy v ba c l 1960's: u cui online s dng kt ni ni tip khng ng b vi my tnh tc thp v h thng truyn thi gian thc 1970's: s thay th h thng cc file ri rc bng h thng database. 1980's: trao i d liu gia cc my tnh cc nhn, my tnh mini v cc my tnh ch =>LAN. 1990s: thit b u cui khng thng minh nhng ch cho client/server computing. 2000s: ?

n n

n

n

n

n

Vin thng l gn

n

Vin thng l truyn i xa d liu : ting ni, nh, video v d liu T in:q q

Vin: t xa Tele means distance Vin thng: thng tin t xa

n

Hin nay, vin thng thng c thc hin vi cc thit b in t: Radio, Telegraph, in thoi, truyn hnh.

H thng vin thng

Ngun

X l tn hiu

My pht

My thu

X l tn hiu

ch

Mi trng truyn

S khi h thng vin thng

4 phn: pht, thu, d liu v mi trng truyn

H thng vin thngPht Ngun d liu Loi d liu: audio, video, data Ngun: microphone, camera, computer Thu Loi d liu: audio, video, data ch: loa, TV, computer Chuyn i D/A Demultiplex Gii iu ch Gii ngu nhin ha Gii m Khuch i Thu vi ba, v tinh Quang

X l d Chuyn i A/D liu Multiplex iu ch Ngu nhin ha M ha Khuch i Pht Thu Pht vi ba, v tinh Quang

H thng vin thngn

Mi trng truyn:q

Khng kh, nc, dy dn, cp hoc phi hp cc loi trn Dy dn: cp quang, cp ng trc, cp xon Khng dy:n

n

Phng thc truyn trn mi trng:q q

Dng sng in tq q q

Truyn sng: t, tri, nhn thng Tnh cht sng: tn s, cng sut H thng ng dng: HF, AM, FM, tivi, di ng, vi ba, v tinh. Khi Trng nh sng

n

Dng cc phng php khcq q q

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Cc thc th trung gian tham gia truyn thng tin, to thnh ng ni gia ngun v ch to ra mt mng vin thng q V d: mng ad hoc

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3. Kin trc mng vin thngPhn tch thnh: mng li (core network) v mng truy cp ( access network)

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Mng li/trc

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Khuynh hng l mng IP cho php kt ni nhiu cng ngh mng truy cp khac nhau Mc tiu: truyn cc gi thng tin tht nhanh (hng trm Gb/s tr ln) tng thc hin:q q

ct gi thng tin thnh cc gi nh Thc hin nh tuyn mc thp hn IP. V d nhn (label) trong MPLS, hoc Ethernet, hoc VCI/VPI Cht lng dch v (QoS) nh DiffServ, Intserv

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Mng li trong tng lai s dng MPLS

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Cc kin thc c bn trang b cho mn hcn n n n n

M ho v gii m M ng truyn iu ch v gii iu ch Ngu nhin ho Mt m ho v gii mt m

M ho v gii mn

n

nh ngha: q Qu trnh thc hin vic bin i tin tc sang mt dng khc vi mt qui tc nht nh gi i q Gii m (decoding) l qu trnh ngc li Mc ch: chuyn dng tn hiu thch hpq q

q q

Lm nh kch thc d liu. VD: m Huffman S dng trong trng hp dng thng tin bnh thng khng thch hp. VD: m ASCII pht hin v sa li. VD: m Hamming, Turbo S dng truyn i xa. VD: m ng dy

iu ch v gii iu chn

iu ch bng gc:q

PCM, PCM vi sai, delta, PTM, PWM, PPM AM (2 bin, 2 bin c nn, 1 bin), FM, PM PSK, BPSK, DPSK, FSK QPSK, MPSK, QAM OFDM

n

iu ch tng t:q

n

iu ch s:q q q

Ngu nhin hon

nh ngha: o ch cc tn hiu q q q

M ho Gim thiu trng hp bit lin tip ging nhau Chng fading Thut ton RSA hoc m Diffie-Hellman Thng tin quang Thng tin radio

n

V d:q

n

ng dng:q q

Mt m ho v gii mt mn

nh ngha:q

Bin i thng tin khng th c c nu khng bit m M i xng: thu v pht c chung 1 cha kho c t trc v gi b mt; bn gi s dung kho ny m ho cn bn thu dung gii m. V d DES hoc AES Khng i xng: c 2 cha kho, 1 cha cng khai cho php ngi gi bt k m ho v 1 cha ring ca ngi dng gii m. V d RSA. ATM, mobile, bn hng trc tuyn, bo v quyn tc gi, qun s

n

Loi:q

q

n

ng dng:q

M ng truynn n

nh ngha:q

Loi m thch hp truyn trn ng truyn Ph hp knh truyn, cho php ng b, c cu trc pht hin v sa li, di thng nh Thch hp vi tng loi ng truyn n cc, lng cc, Manchester AMI, 4B5B, 8B6B, 8B10B, HDB3, RZ, NRZ, NRZI, Manchester, Trellis

Yu cu:q q

n n

Loi:q

V d:q