Competitivite: le rapport de l'Institut Montaigne

7/31/2019 Competitivite: le rapport de l'Institut Montaigne

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_ M X X B_ V J M _ Y ? 8 =?

[nk egyimagvm{ ykrugik fk am ybigma ibjxvgvgugv


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AGnyvgv{v Jbnvmglnk kyv {n amobrmvbgrk fgfky * vdgnc vmnc *ir egn ?888 xmr Iam{fk Oomr kv fgrgl xmr Am{rknv Oglbrlnk.

Ga kyv fxb{ru{ fk vb{vk mvvmidk xmrvgymnk kv yky egnmnikjknvy!ktia{ygukjknv xrguy! ybnv vry fgukrygegy! m{i{nk ibnvrgo{vgbnnktifmnv ? + fk ybn o{flkv mnn{ka. Kn vb{vk gnfxknfmnik!ga r{ngv fky idkey fknvrkxrgyk! fky dm{vy ebnivgbnnmgrky!fky {ngukrygvmgrky kv fky rkxryknvmnvy fk am ybigv igugakgyy{y fky dbrgpbny kv fky ktxrgkniky aky xa{y umrgy.Ga ibniknvrk yky vrmum{t y{r vrbgy mtky fk rkidkridk 0

Ibdygbn ybigmakJbogagv ybigmak! gnvlrmvgbn fky jgnbrgvy! algvgjgv fky agvky

Jbfkrngymvgbn fk amivgbn x{oag}{k_ebrjk fk avmv! f{imvgbn! ywyvjk fk ymnv

Yvrmvlgk ibnbjg}{k kv k{rbxknnkIbjxvgvgugv! yxigmagymvgbn gnf{yvrgkaak! rl{amvgbn...

Lrik yky ktxkrvy myybigy $idkridk{ry! xrmvgigkny' kv ykylrb{xky fk vrmumga! aGnyvgv{v Jbnvmglnk amobrk fky xrbxbygvgbnyibnirvky fk abnl vkrjk y{r aky lrmnfy kn`k{t m{t}{kay nby ybigvyybnv ibnerbnvky. Ga ibnvrgo{k mgnyg m{t uba{vgbny fk am ibnyigknikybigmak. Yky rkibjjmnfmvgbny ry{avknv f{nk jvdbfk fmnmawykkv fk rkidkridk rglb{rk{yk kv irgvg}{k. Kaaky ybnv kny{gvk xrbj{kymivgukjknv m{xry fky figfk{ry x{oagiy.

vrmukry yky x{oagimvgbny kv yky ibnerkniky! aGnyvgv{v Jbnvmglnkyb{dmgvk `b{kr xakgnkjknv ybn rak fmivk{r f{ fomv fjbirmvg}{k.

AGnyvgv{v Jbnvmglnk ymyy{rk fk am umagfgv yigknvgeg}{k

kv fk am }{magv fgvbrgmak fky vrmum{t }{ga x{oagk! jmgy

aky bxgngbny kv aky `{lkjknvy }{g w ybnv ebrj{ay ybnv

ktia{ygukjknv ik{t fk ak{ry m{vk{ry. Gay nk ym{rmgknv vrk

gjx{vy ng aGnyvgv{v! ng! m ebrvgbrg! yky brlmnky fgrkivk{ry.


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Ga nkyv fygr xa{y nmv{rka}{k ak fygr fk ibnnmgyymnik


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[nk yimagvm{ ykrugik fk am ybigma ibjxvgvgugv

J M _ Y ? 8 = ?


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Aky xraukjknvy boaglmvbgrky rkxryknvknv {n jbnvmnv }{g mxxrbidkaky 788 jgaagmrfy fk{rby! jbnvmnv }{g vb{idk }{bvgfgknnkjknv amugk fky Ermnmgy! }{gay ibnybjjknv! xmrlnknv! irknv fk akjxabg!xbyyfknv {n ablkjknv! b{ vrmumgaaknv. Aky ykrugiky x{oagiy fbnv gay

onegigknv kn ybnv am ibnvrkxmrvgk fgrkivk.

Muki am imjxmlnk xrygfknvgkaak! aky xrbxbygvgbny egyimaky e{yknv fmnyfk j{avgxaky fgrkivgbny. Ikrvmgnky ubnv fmny ak obn ykny! jmgy am xa{xmrvfknvrk kaaky ybnv ebrj{aky fk jmngrk fybrfbnnk! ymny ibdrknikfknykjoak! kv ymny }{m{i{nk nknugymlk rkaakjknv fk vrmnyebrjkram ablg}{k yb{y*`miknvk nbvrk ywyvjk fk xraukjknvy boaglmvbgrky.

AGnyvgv{v Jbnvmglnk x{oagk m{`b{rfd{g ym ibnvrgo{vgbn m{ fomvegyima. vmoag xmr {n lrb{xk fk vrmumga r{ngyymnv fky xkrybnnmagvyfk yknygogagvy xbagvg}{ky kv fdbrgpbny fgukry! ik rmxxbrv meegrjk {nxmrvg xrgy ryba{ 0 ika{g f{nk rkebnvk labomak fk nbvrk ywyvjk egyimafmny {n ykny xa{y emubrmoak am ibjxvgvgugv kv am xrbf{ivgbn!vb{v kn rknebrmnv a}{gv knvrk ibnvrgo{moaky kv kn ymniv{mrgymnvaky rkyyb{riky! fk jmngrk nk xmy knvrmukr amivgbn x{oag}{k. Fmny

{n yb{ig fmiikxvmogagv fk am rebrjk kv fk rmagyjk egnmnigkr! ikyxrbxbygvgbny ybnv ebrj{aky rkikvvky x{oag}{ky ibnyvmnvky. Ak y{`kvfky fxknyky x{oag}{ky nkyv xmy vrmgv gig. Aky }{kyvgbny yb{akukyxmr am nikyygv fk rf{grk aky fxknyky fgnvkruknvgbn ykrbnvxryknvky fmny {nk ibnvrgo{vgbn {avrgk{rk.

Nbvrk ywyvjk fk xraukjknvy boaglmvbgrky kyv fkukn{ vkaakjknvibjxaktk }{ga kyv xbyygoak fmjagbrkr am ebgy aky vrbgy bo`kivgey fk

X_EMIK


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[ N K E G Y I M A G V M [ Y K _ U G I K F K A M Y B I G M A I B J X V G V G U G V

ibjxvgvgugv! f}{gv kv fk rknfkjknv fk agjxv. Xa{ygk{ry mtkyybnv fukabxxy 0 agjxbygvgbn fky xrbegvy rmagyy xa{vv }{k fkyemivk{ry fk xrbf{ivgbn $vrmumga kv imxgvma'! fky rknvky xa{vv }{k fkymivgey xrbf{ivgey! am y{xxrkyygbn fky jky{rky egyimaky agjgvmnv amxrblrkyygugv fk agjxbygvgbn fky rkukn{y b{ nmwmnv xmy emgv am xrk{ukfk ak{r keegimigv ibnbjg}{k $vm{t rf{gvy fk VUM nbvmjjknv'! b{knibrk am rbrgknvmvgbn fk am egyimagv fk axmrlnk ukry am fvknvgbnabnl{k fmivgey.

Ik rmxxbrv yb{aglnk knegn }{k am urgvmoak rebrjk fky xraukjknvyboaglmvbgrky fbgv vrk labomak 0 xrbxbykr fk jbfgegkr am jmrlk agjxvy{r ak rkukn{ b{ am VUM nk xk{v mubgr! ibjxvk vkn{ fk agjxbrvmnikfky jmyyky egnmnigrky kn k{! }{{n gjxmiv jmrlgnma y{r aibnbjgkermnmgyk.

M{ vbvma! ikyv {n idbi egyima xbygvge fk ?!4 xbgnvy fk XGO kn emuk{rfk am ybigma*ibjxvgvgugv ! ikyv**fgrk kn emuk{r fk akjxabg kvfk agnukyvgyykjknv! }{g kyv xrbxby fmny ik rmxxbrv. Ga ymlgv a f{njbnvmnv rmagyvk! am xbrvk f{nk urgvmoak mjogvgbn fk idmnlkjknv!jmgy f{nk mjxak{r `mjmgy mvvkgnvk xmr m{i{nk rebrjk jknk ikyugnlv fkrngrky mnnky.

Iam{fk Oomr

Xrygfknv fk aGnyvgv{v Jbnvmglnk


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=

GNV_BF[IVGBN .............................................................................. 9

G * AM YV_[IV[_K FKY X_AUKJKNVY BOAGLMVBG_KYNKYV XA[Y IBJXMVGOAK MUKI AK IBNVKTVKIBNBJG][K E_MNMGY........................................................... ;

=.=. Fky xraukjknvy boaglmvbgrky kn dm{yyk ibnyvmnvk................. ;=.?. Ak firbidmlk ibnbjg}{k fk am Ermnik

kv ak rak fk am yimagv........................................................ =8

=.9. Am yvr{iv{rk fky xraukjknvy boaglmvbgrky ermnmgy

femubrgyk am xrbf{ivgbn...................................................... =6

GG * X_BXBYGVGBNY XB[_ [NK NB[UKAAK FBNNK EGYIMAK ......... =7?.=. [nk yimagv xa{y ibjxvgvguk.............................................. =7

?.?. [nk yimagv xa{y `{yvk ....................................................... 6

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Competitivite: le rapport de l'Institut Montaigne