công nghệ sản xuất gạo_nhom 3.docx

7/28/2019 cng ngh sn xut go_nhom 3.docx

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BCNG THNG

TRNG I HC CNG NGHIP THC PHM TP.HCMKHOA CNG NGH THC PHM

B MN: CNG NGH CH BIN LNG THC

TI:

CNG NGH SN XUT GOGVHD: NGUYN TH NGC HI

Nhm 3_Lp 01DHTP3_Th3_Tit 10-12_Phng F202

SVTH MSSV

1. PHNG TH THO DUY 2005100219

2. TRN TH CM HNG 2005100176

3. NG TH DIM 2005100323

4. PHAN TH THO TRINH 2005100303

Tp. H Ch Minh, thng 6/2013


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CNG NGH SN XUT GO

GVHD: NGUYN TH NGC HI 2

MC LCLI MU ............................................................................................................ 3

CHNG 1: TNG QUAN V LA GO ......................................................... 4

1.1. Tnh hnh sn xut la go trn th gii v trong nc ................................ 4

1.1.1. Tnh hnh trn th gii ............................................................................ 4

1.1.2. Tnh hnh trong nc .............................................................................. 4

1.2. Gii thiu v ht thc: .................................................................................. 6

1.2.1. Cu to .................................................................................................... 6

1.2.2. Phn loi cc sn phm t thc .............................................................. 81.2.3. Thnh phn ha hc ................................................................................ 8

1.3. Gi tr ca la go ......................................................................................... 9

1.3.1. Gi trdinh dng .................................................................................. 9

1.3.2. Gi tr s dng ......................................................................................10

CHNG 2: QUY TRNH CNG NGH SN XUT GO...........................12

2.1. Lm sch .....................................................................................................12

2.2. Xay thc ......................................................................................................16

2.3. Phn loi hn hp xay ................................................................................19

2.3. Xt trng .....................................................................................................24

2.4. Xoa bng go ..............................................................................................28

2.5. Phn loi v kim tra thnh phm ..............................................................29

2.6. ng gi .....................................................................................................30

KT LUN ..............................................................................................................32PH LC .................................................................................................................33

TI LIU THAM KHO .......................................................................................36


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CNG NGH SN XUT GO


LI M ULng thc gi vai tr rt quan trng trong i sng ca con ngi v trong

chn nui gia sc. V mt trong nhng ngun lng thc chnh khng th khng

kn l la go. ng vy, go l ngun thc phm cung cp nhiu cht dinh

dng v cng c trng nhiu ni trn th gii. Xa nay Vit Nam c xem

l t nc gn lin vi nn nng nghip la nc. Mc d hin nay ngnh cng

nghip cng ang ngy cng pht trin nhng la go li l mt trong nhng mt

hng c kim ngch xut khu cao nht. Cng ngy nng dn cng ci tin hn

to ra sn lng la nhiu hn v c cht lng hn.

Nh ta bit, go l sn phm t cy la v nm trong mt qu trnh sn

xut nng nghip, thng bao gm nhng khu chnh: lm t, chn thc ging,

gieo ht, m m, cy, chm bn, gt v cui cng l khu xay xt. Tt c nhng

cng on trn th cng on no cng mang nhng kh khn nht nh. Trong ni

dung bi bo co ny nhm xin trnh by r hn vcng on xay xt la trong cc

nh my xay xt la go. V quy trnh xay xt la go bao gm rt nhiu cngon, chng nh hng rt nhiu n cht lng go thnh phm.

Vi ti: Cng ngh sn xut go, nhm mong mun ngi c s hiu

r hn v vic ch bin ra ht go bao gm nhng cng on no, thc hin nh

th no. Trong nhng cng on th c nhng yu t no nh hng n nng

sut cng nh cht lng ca ht go thng phm. Ngoi ra bi bo co cn gii

thiu v mt s my mc thit b dng trong ch bin, cu to, nguyn l hot ng

cng nh hnh nh v my.

Do s hiu bit cn hn hp nn cn nhiu thiu st, rt mong s gp chn

thnh t c v cc bn nhm sa cha, rt kinh nghim cho nhng bi bo co

tip theo.


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CNG NGH SN XUT GO


Xin chn thnh cm n!

CHNG 1: TNG QUAN V LA GO

1.1. Tnh hnh sn xut la go trn th gii v trong nc1.1.1. Tnh hnh trn thgii

Theo s liu ca FAO la c trng 112 nc trn th gii vi tng din

tch gieo trng trn 148 triu ha.

Din tch trng la trn th gii phn bkhng u. Gn 90% tng din tch

tp trung chu , 4,6% chu Phi v 4,7% chu M.

Cn c vo s liu c tnh mi nht, thng mi go th gii nm 2011 c

th vn duy tr mc 31,4 triu tn. Chu sn xut khong 92% tng sn lng

la go th gii, chu M(4,7%), chu Phi (2,7%), chu c v i dng sn xut

khong 0,2% tng sn lng la go ca th gii.

Mi nc chu : Banglet, Myanma, Vit Nam, Trung Quc, n ,

Innxia, CHDCND Triu Tin, Thi Lan, Philippin v Nht Bn sn xut

khong 90% sn lng la go ca chu v khong 88,6% sn lng go ca th

gii.

Ring hai nc n v Trung Quc sn xut 67% tng sn lng la go

ca chu v khong 57% tng sn lng ca th gii.

Nhng nc dn u vnng sut la chu l CHDCND Triu Tin: 75

t/ha, Hn Quc: 62 t/ha, Nht Bn: 59-62 t/ha, Trung Quc: 57-58 t/ha

1.1.2. Tnh hnh trongncnc ta 3 vng trng la ln:ng bng sng Hng, ng bng ven bin

min Trung, ng bng Sng Cu Long.


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Theo Hip hi Lng thc Vit Nam, xut khu go qu 1/2011 ca Vit

Nam t 1,850 triu tn, tr gi 774 triu USD. Tuy nhin, xut khu c xu hng

gim mnh trong thng 3 so vi cng k nm 2010. Nguyn nhn khin cho xut

khu go Vit Nam st gim trong thi gian ny ch yu xut pht t s st gimca th trng Philippines. B Nng nghip v Pht trin nng thn Vit Nam d

bo, khi lng go xut khu ca nm 2011 c tnh t mc 7,1-7,4 triu tn,

tng ln so vi mc d bo cui nm 2010 (d kin 5,5 -6,1 triu tn). Cn t chc

FAO th d bo lng go xut khu ca Vit Nam cng gim 6% xung cn 6,5

triu tn.

1.2. Gii thiu v ht thc:

1.2.1. Cu to1.2.1.1. V

V ht thc gm nhng thnh phn sau:

- V tru: l b phn gi cho phi v ni nh khi btc ng c cng nh ha hc

t bn ngoi. Thnh phn ca v ch yu l cellulose v hemicellulose, lignin,

khng c cht dinh dng nn trong qu trnh ch bin cng tch v trit th gitrdinh dng ca go cng cao. c bit trong v tru c t lsilic tng i cao,

v vy thng gy mi mn cc thit b vn chuyn, ch bin.

- V qu: v qu thuc ht go lt nhng d dng b bc ra trong qu trnh xt

trng go. V qu c cu to t nhiu lp t bo, lp ngoi cng gm cc t bo c

kch thc ln sp xp theo chiu dc ht. Lp gia gm cc tbo tng tnh

lp ngoi nhng sp xp theo chiu ngang ca ht. i vi ht chn th lp tbo gia trng rng, cn ht xanh. Lp t bo trong cng, gm cc t bo hnh ng,

sp xp theo chiu dc ht. Trong cng 1 ht, chiu di c lp v qu khng ging

nhau. phi lp t bo mng nht.


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- V ht: bn trong v qu l v ht. V ht gm mt lp mng t bo c cha

nhiu cht bo v protein nhng t tinh bt.

1.2.1.2. Lp aleuron

Lp aleuron: ngn cch gia lp v ht v ni nh l lp aleuron. Trong t boaleuron c cha cht khong,, vitamin nhm b v cc git cht bo.

Chiu dy lp aleuron ph thuc vo loi, ging ht v iu kin canh tc.

1.2.1.3. Ni nh

L thnh phn ch yu ca ht , l ni d tr cht dinh dng ca ht. thnh

phn ch yu ca ni nh l tinh bt v protein, ngoi ra cn mt lng nh cht

bo, khong v vitamin.

Cc t bo tinh bt ngoi cng c dng thon di v c sp xp nm ngang,

i xng qua tim ht, v ththng lm tng khnng rng nt ca ht trong qu

trnh ch bin.

Cng i su vo tm ht, hnh dng t bo chuyn dn t thon di thnh hnh

lc gic, v th li ht go c bn vng hn.

1.2.1.4. Phi

Phi l phn pht trin thnh cy non khi ht ny mm, v th trong phi

cha nhiu cht dinh dng d tiu ha.

Cht dinh dng trong phi gm : protein 35%, cc gluxit ha tan 25%, cht

bo 15%. phi cn tp trung lng ln vitamin v enzyme ca ht.

1.2.1.5. Ht go

Ht go chnh l phn nhn ht pha bn trong

v tru.c c ht go tiu chun phn phi

cho ngi tiu dng th sau khi bc v, ht go cn

c bc cm, xoa bng go, loi nhng ht khng

t tiu chun.


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1.2.2. Phn loi cc sn phm tthcBng. Cc sn phm tthc

Thut ng nh ngha

1. Thc (la) L ht cn nguyn vn v tru bao bc ht go lt2. Tru L lp v cng bn ngoi ht thc bao bc ht go lt

3. Go lt (go lc) L ht thc tch b hon ton v tru

4. Go thm Go c hng thm c trng

5. Thc rt di Chiu di >7,5 mm theo chiu di ht go lt

6. Thc di Chiu di t6,61 n 7,5 mm theo chiu di ht go lt

7. Thc trung bnh Chiu di t5,51 n 6,6 mm theo chiu di ht go lt

8. Thc ngn Chiu di t


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CNG NGH SN XUT GO


Go lt 13,9 74,46 7,88 2,02 0,57 1,18 1,18

Go 13,8 77,35 7,35 0,52 0,54 0,54 0,54

Cm 11,0 43,47 14,91 8,07 14,58 11,23 11,0

Tru 11,0 36,10 2,75 0,98 56,72 19,61 -

1.3. Gi tr ca la go

1.3.1. Gi trdinh dngLa go gi vai tr thit yu trong tnh trng dinh dng v sc khe ca

nhng ngi n cm go hng ngy.

Sau khi xay ch, go trng ch cn cht tinh bt v mt i cc cht dinh

dng v vi lng trong go lt thit yu cho sc khe ca con ngi nh protein,

cht bo, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin v -tocopherol.

Go l thc n giu dinh dng. So vi la m, go c thnh phn tinh bt

v protein hi thp hn, nhng nng lng to ra cao hn do cha nhiu cht bo

hn.

Trong ht go, hm lng dinh dng tp trung cc lp ngoi v gim dnvo trung tm.

Phn bn trong ni nh ch cha ch yu l cht ng bt.

Cm hay lp v ngoi ca ht go chim khong 10% trng lng kh l

thnh phn rt b dng ca la, cha nhiu protin, cht bo, cht khong v

vitamin c bit l cc vitamin nhm B.

Tm gm c mm ht la btch ra khi xay ch, cng l thnh phn rt b

dng, cha nhiu protein, cht bo, ng, cht khong v vitamin.


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CNG NGH SN XUT GO


1.3.2. Gi trsdng

- Go: dng ch bin nhiu loi bnh, lm mi trng nui cy vi khun,

men, cm m, Go cn dng ct ru, cn, Bia sn xut t la go c

mu trong, hng thm.

- Tm: sn xut tinh bt, ru cn, axeton, phn mn, v thuc cha bnh.

- Cm: Dng sn xut thc n cho gia sc non v v bo, lm thc n gia sc

tng hp. Trong cng nghdc, sn xut vitamin B1 cha bnh ph n, du cm

c cht lng cao, dng cha bnh, ch to sn cao cp, lm m phm, ch x

phng, .


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CNG NGH SN XUT GO


- Tru: sn xut nm men lm thc n gia sc, sn xut vt liu ng lt hng;

dng n chung, lm phn bn c SiO2 cao, lm cht t.

- Rm r: vi thnh phn ch yu l xenluloza c th sn xut giy, ct tng xy

dng, gia dng (m, giy dp ). Cng c thdng rm r sn xut thc n

gia sc, trn vi cy hu, sn xut nm rm, n chung, cht t,


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CNG NGH SN XUT GO


CHNG 2: QUY TRNH CNG NGH SN XUT GO

2.1. Lm sch2.1.1. Mc ch

- Tng nng sut v ci thin bn nhnguyn liu c lm sch.

- Ddng iu khin thit b nhsng nht hn v thnh phn nguyn liu

lng thc a vo s ch.

- m bo cht lng sn phm sau s ch lm sch.

Thc

Lm sch

Xay

Phn loi

Xt trng

nh bng

Phn loi

Bao gi

Sn phm


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CNG NGH SN XUT GO


2.1.2. Yu cu

Lng tp cht


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CNG NGH SN XUT GO


Mt sng trn c l vi ng knh nhm gi tp cht ln nm li trn mt

sng.Mt sng di c l nhhn nhm cho ct, bi, ht c v cc tp cht nh

lt qua.

Sng kp m

AMng cp liu; BCa ra tp cht ln

CCa ra ht chnh; DCa ra tp cht nh

* Nguyn l hot ng:

Sng lm vic da vo s khc nhau v b dy v chiu rng ca ht tch

tp cht c kch thc ln hn ht, cc bi bn ra khi khi ht.

Thc c cung cp vo u cao ca my (A) v i qua sng th nht (1) c

lng knh ln v ch gia li nhng tp cht ln.Do sng dao ng cc phn t nm trn sng l nhng tp cht ln. Cc tp

cht ny c dn ra ca sn phm trn sng (B).

Sng th ( 2) c lng knh b hn nn ch gi li ht thc, cn tt c

nhng tp cht b s ri xung tm y v ra ngoi theo ca (D).


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CNG NGH SN XUT GO


Ht thc c sng th 2 gi li s thu hi qua ca (C).

* u im:

Sng c cu to n gin, diu chnh.

*Nhc im:Do sng hnn mi trng xung quanh b nhim nng.

Sng th 2 d b nghn li v l nh nn hiu qu lm sch gim ng k, nht l

ht c, cc tp cht c cng kch thc nh ht thc khng c tch ra.

2.1.4.2. Sng (my phn ly sn)

* Cu to:

My phn ly gm mt sng hnh ch nht, c l hnh ch nht, t nghing.L sng khng phng, mt sng c g, dng gi sn nm li.

Sng phn ly sn* Nguyn l hot ng:

Sng chuyn ng ln xung nhmt c cu hnh bnh hnh, nhn chuyn

ng tc cu lch tm. Mt qut y c t pha di sng nhm to thnh

lung gi y cc phn t nm trn mt sng.


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CNG NGH SN XUT GO


Hn hp ht c a vo sng v tr gia sng.

Nhchuyn ng i ln ca sng, cc ht sn b c chuyn ln trn trn

nh sng.

Nhng ht thc no chuyn ng ln theo vi sn sc mt qut gi lpdi sng thi i.

Sn c gom vo v tr v x vo ng x khi dng tay nng np ln.

Do phi ch bin nhiu ging thc khc nhau nn nghing ca sng phi

thay i. iu chnh nghing ca sng bng cch thay i chiu di cnh ab, t

thay i v tr ca hnh bnh hnh slm thay i nghing ca sng.

2.2. Xay thcL khu c bn trong dy chuyn sn xut cc nh my ch bin go, tinh bt

go.

2.2.1. Mc ch

Bc lp v tru ca thc thu go lt.

2.2.2. Yu cu

-m bo bc v ht vi t l cao nht, ng thi phi gic t l ht nguyn

cao nht.

-V go xay khng bbong, gy kh khn cho qu trnh phn chia thc-go xay.

2.2.3. Phng php thc hin

Cc my bc vthng lm vic theo nguyn l tc ng lc c hc vo vt liu.Cu to ht thc c hai mnh v tru bao bc. Gia v tru v go nhn c mt

khong trng. hai u ht thc th khong trng kh ln. Do khi ht thc b

tc dng ca cc lc ko, nn, p th v tru d dng tut ra.


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CNG NGH SN XUT GO


2.2.4. Cc thit b xay

Cc kiu my xay c dng ph bin nh my xay a kiu a di quay v my

xay i trc cao su.

2.2.4.1. My xay i trc cao su

* Cu to

My xay qu l cao su gm c 2 trc c bng gang, trn b mt ph 1 lp

cao su, t trn cng mt ng thng. Mt qu cnh v qu kia c thiu

chnh vtr t c khe hmong mun gia 2 qu l.

Cc qu l nhn truyn ng c hc, quay theo chiu ngc nhau v qu l

iu chnh thng c vn tc thp hn qu l cnh khong 25%. C 2 qul u

c cng ng knh v cng mt b rng.

* Nguyn tc hot ng

i trc cao su quay ngc chiu nhau vi nhng vn tc khc nhau gy

nn cc lc ko v nn lm cho ht b tut v.


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CNG NGH SN XUT GO


Qu l cnh quay quay nhanh hn v cng cng mn nhanh hn qu l

iu chnh. Do c thi ch cho nhau nn cc qul c mi mn ngang nhau.

Trc quay nhanh t trn cc trc cnh, trc quay chm t trn cc

trc di ng.Khi iu chnh kch thc ca khe xay th tm ca trc dch chuyn chm.

c c kt qu xay ti u, ht phi c phn phi u trn ton b b

rng ca qu l. Tuy nhin thng th b phn phn phi ht hot ng thiu chnh

xc v do b mt qu l smn khng u v nh hng xu ti hiu sut v

nng sut. B mt qul c phc hi bng cch ly bt i mt phn cao su, do

tui th ca cm cc qu l cng gim i ng k.

Hiu qu ca my ph thuc vo nhit , m cao ca khng kh, cu

trc v tru v c bit l do ging la ht ngn hay di.

Kh nng xay ca kiu my xay ny cao hn kiu my xay a thng

thng, bi vy y lng go lc nguyn v hiu sut xay u cao hn. Tuy

nhin khng c ngha l sn lng go nguyn ca nh my xay scao hn do v

dc ca ht thc khng b qu l cao su ph hng, ht b rn nt vn xut hin cng

vi ht go lc nguyn, nhng ch qua ln xt trng th nht cc ht ny s b v.

2.2.5. Cc yu tnh hng n hiu sut xay

2.2.5.1.thit lp ch xay hp l cn quan tm cc tnh cht sau ca thc

Cc tnh cht c lCng loi thc, ht c t l rn nt ln sc bn nh.

Ht trng trong c bn hn trng c.

Cht v ng nht ca khi ht


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CNG NGH SN XUT GO


Khi ht c cht ln v ng nht cao sc chi ph nng lng ring

nhhn

m ca ht v s khc nhau vm ca v v nhnHiu sut xay gim nhanh khi tng hoc gim m qu gii hn cho

php.V ht kh s gin v d tch ra khi nhn. Nhn c m cao sdai hn,

khnng chng li s vnt tt hn.

2.2.5.2. Tnh nng ca my vkhnng vn hnh my

-Tc ca cc b phn lm vic ca my v khong cch gia chng

-Su n v lin tc ca qu trnh tip liu.

-Tnh trng ca tt c cc chi tit trong my.

-iu chnh, thay th, sa cha my v cc chi tit kp thi.

-Ht bi v ng, lm sch ng ng v cc thit b tch bi.

-Thng xuyn kim tra qu trnh lm vic ca my xay.

2.3. Phn loi hn hp xayTrong thc t sn xut qua trnh bc v ht thng khng c thc hin mt cch

hon ho, do hn hp sau khi bc v gm 5 thnh phn sau:

Tru: v ht

Tm: Nhng ht go lt b vnt trong qu trnh xay.

Cm: Phn ni nh v v qu b nghin nh

Thc: Nhng ht cha c bc v tru

Go lt: Nhng ht c bc v tru


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CNG NGH SN XUT GO


V vy cn phi phn chia hn hp sau khi xay tch ring tng cu tc

thun nht cao ng thi to iu kin thun li cho qu trnh ch bin tip theo.

Qu trnh phn chia c thc hin nh sau:

2.3.1. Tch tru

Sau khi ra my xay, v tru b tut ra khi ht thc. V tru c dung trng nh,

ri km, nu trong hn hp thcgo lt th s kh khn cho qu trnh phn

chia thcgo lt. Vn tc cn bng ca v tru khong 1,52,6 m/s, cn tc

cn bng ca thc l 9,510 m/s, ca go lt l 1012 m/s. Do , phng php

tch tru c hiu qu nht l phng php dng sc gi.

Qu trnh tch tru c thc hin trn cc thit bnh sau:

Hnh 2.3.1.Cc b phn phn chia v tru

a) Phn ly bng qut; b) Phn ly hn hp bng qut v sang

1- Phu cp liu; 2- Qut; 3, 4,5- Vt xon; 6- Sng lto; 7- Sng lnh; 8-

van l; 9- Tm dn hng; 10- ng iu chnh; 11- Ca ra nhn; 12- Ca

ra ht lng.


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CNG NGH SN XUT GO


Trn hnh 2.3.1a l s phn ly v tru v ht lng theo chu trnh kn. Hn

hp c cp vo phu, sau trt trn tm nghing v ri xung to thnh mt

mng ht. Mt lung gi mnh c to nn bi qut ht lp trong my, i qua

mng ht v phn ly tru ra khi hn hp. Do kt cu ca v my phn ly c dnggn ging nh mt xicln nn nhvn tc dng kh v nh hng ca lc ly tm

m tru c lng ng xung y thng hnh chV v c a ra ngoi nhvt

xon cn khng kh khng mang theo vc quay vng tr li thnh mt chu

trnh khp kn. Cc ht lng v hn hp v vi nhn ri vo cc ngn ring v

c a ra ngoi nhvt xon.

Trn hnh 2.3.1b l s b phn phn ly phi hp qut v sng nhm thuhi ht vv phn cm bbong ra trong qu trnh xay thc trc khi qua b phn

ht tru. Phn sang gm hai tm c l khc nhau, tm l nhdng phn ly cm

v bi, tm lto hn dng phn ly ht v.

Sau khi phn ly cm v tm, hn hp thc, go lt v tru c cung cp

sang b phn phn ly bng qut. Dng hn hp c phn phi thnh mt lp

mng trn ton b chiu rng ca my ht nh mt ng iu chnh v tm dn

hng. Khng kh c ht qua khi ht s cun v tru v cc ht lng i vo

qut ht. Tru theo ng dn ra ngoi, cn ht lng v go lt c thu hi qua cc

ca ring.

Tru sau khi tch ra, thng c thu hi bng phng lng hoc xyclon.


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CNG NGH SN XUT GO


2.3.2. Tch ht non v ht gy

Khi ht sau khi bc v thno cng c ht b gy nt. Ht chin thng

khng u nhau do trong khi ht c ln nhng ht non, ht ny thng vnt

hoc khng tch c v. S c mt ca nhng ht ny trong go lt a i xt s

lm nh hng ti hiu sut xt, tng t l bt trong cm gy kh khan cho vic p

du cm, v vy nn tch chng ra. Ht non, tm, cm xay c tch ra bng cc

loi sang c s hiu khc nhau.

2.3.3. Phn chia hn hp thcgo lt

2.3.3.1. Mc ch:

Phn chia hn hp thcgo lt l tch thc ra khi hn hp, thu go lt a i

xt v thc a v xay li.

2.3.3.2. Yu cu:

Trong go lt khng ln qu 0,1% thc v 0,03% tru

Trong thc hi lu khng qu 10% go lt.

S thu hi tru bng xyclon

a-Kh b- Kh ht


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2.3.3.3. Phng php:

- Da vo s khc nhau v tnh cht b mt v kch thc gia thc v go lt

phn ly ht thc ra khi ht go lt.

- Nhng ht c kch thc ln, t trong nh, mt ngoi x x,.. s ni ln trn.

Nhng ht nhhn, mt ngoi nhn hn,..s chm xung di

2.3.3.4. Thit bphn chia

Cc thit b thng dng l sng khay, my phn loi Pakis, my phn loi kiu

Bespalov

Sng khay:- Cu to

Gm tm kim loi nhn lng c t cc hc lm xen k. Kch thc v hnh dng

ca cc hc c thit k sao cho khi sng chuyn ng, hc s tc dng lc ln

khi ht trn mt sng. Sng c t nghing theo hai chiu sao cho c mt gc

cao nht v mt gc thp nht.


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- Nguyn l lm vic

Hn hp thc go c a vo gc cao nht. Nhvo chuyn ng ca sng,

thc b phn lp v ni ln trn b mt lp ht. Do c cc hc nn khi sng chuyn

ng lp go sc a ln pha cao ca sng v ly ra mt gc sng. Lp thc

nm trn b mt lp go strt xung v s di chuyn xung gc thp nht..

2.3. Xt trng2.3.1. Mc ch

Tch lp v qu, v ht v mt phn lp aleuron v phi ca go lt nhm lm

tng khnng tiu ha v tnh cht s dng ca go.

Tng khnng xm nhp ca nc vo ni nh nn s gim thi gian nu.

Tng gi trthng phm ca sn phm.

Trnh c oxi ha cht bo do lipid cm v phi gy ra.

2.3.2. Yu cu


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Mc bc cm thng thng vo khong 5,56,5 %, mc xt kthng ly i 7

8 % cm.

2.3.3. Phng php

Phng php ha sinh: Vn dng tnh c hiu ca enzyme phn hy cc lp v

ht. Tuy nhin phng php ny chc s dng trong phng th nghim.

Phng php c hc: Nhtc ng ma st ca ht go vi trc xt v thnh bu

xt, ma st ca cc ht go vi nhau, cc lp v ht v phn ln cc lp alueron

c tch ra phi tch theo.

2.3.4. My xt go

Cc loi my xt go: my xt trng trc ng, my xt trng trc ngang, my xt

trng dng lung kh thi c bn.

Xt go bng my xt cn trc ng- Cu to


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My gm 1 xy lanh bng gang hnh cn c lp chng mn.

Cn c lp cnh trn mt trc ng c th quay thun hoc quay ngc

chiu kim ng h. Xung quanh b phn cn c bt cnh mt sng dy thp c

cc cmt li ty thuc vo loi ging thc c xt.

Khong cch trung bnh gia v bao ngoi b phn cn v sng vo khong

10mm.Sng dy thp schia thnh cc on cch u nhau bng cc ming hm

cao su. Nhng ming hm ny rng 3050mm ty theo cmy. Slng ming

cao su hm cn c vo ng knh b phn cn.

B phn cn quay lm trng go c thiu chnh thng ng nn khe h

gia lp chng mn ca cn v sang dy thp c thiu chnh c. Vic iu

chnh ny cn c vo ging la, tnh trng ht, phng php ch bin, v mnca lp bao chu mn. Cc ming hm cao su trong khung sng dy thp c th

iu chnh c bng v lng quay tay nn gin. Khe hgia cc ming cao su

vi b mt cn khong 2- 3mm.

- Nguyn l hot ng:


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Ht c a vo my t pha trn, vo khong trng gia rto v li

xt.Trc rto quay lm lp ht tip xc vi b mt nhm b mi mn. Khi ht i

qua khe hgia thanh cao su v b mt trc, s mi mn din ra tch cc hn do

ht chu lc n hi ca thanh cao su p mnh v pha mt nhm.Ngoi ra schuyn ng ca c khi ht lm tng s cxt cng lm lp v la b mn nhanh

chng

2.3.5. Cc yu tnh hng n hiu sut xt go

2.3.5.1. Tnh cht ca ht go lt

- Loi v ging: ty vo loi v ging thc m go lt c trng trong ( bn c

hc) khc nhau, chiu dy lp v qu, ht khc nhau i hi thi gian v cng

gia cng khc nhau.

- m: nu m cao, mi lin kt gia v v ni nh km bn, dxt, nhng

bn thn ht cng km bn, d gy, nt cm d b vn cc lm nh hng n s

lm vic bnh thng ca thit b. m thp, kh nt, i hi thi gian xt lu

hn v cng xt cng ln hn.

- T l rn nt: nh hng trc tip n h s xt go nguyn theo mi tng quan

t l thun. Ngha l t l rn nt cng cao s dn n h s xt nguyn cng nh

v ngc li.

- ng nht: go lt c ng nht cao v cht cho php ddng iu chnh

ch lm vic ca thit b nng cao h s xt.

2.3.5.2. c im ca thit b

- Hnh dng cu to ca thit b

- Tnh cht vt liu lm thit b.


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- ln v cch to lc ma st.

- Thi gian ht nm trong my.

- Khnng thot cm.

2.3.5.3. Qun l kthut vch lm vic ca thit b

- Vn tc b mt lm vic ca thit b

- Khong cch gia b mt lm vic ti ry cm, dao xt

- Trng thi b mt trc xt

- Lu lng vo v ra ca nguyn liu

2.4. Xoa bng go2.4.1. Mc ch

- Lm tng gi trthng phm ca ht go do tc dng lm nhn b mt ht go

xt.

- Loi b cc mnh cm bm trn b mt ht go lm cho go c th bo qun

c lu m cht lng t b gim.

2.4.2. Yu cu

- T l cm trong go khng cn qu 0.1%.

- T l tm khng c tng qu 0.5% so vi t l tm trc khi vo xoa.

2.4.3. Phng php

Di mt p lc nh cc ht go c xoay quanh nhau lm cc phn t cm cn

li c ly i v go trnn bng hn hay trong hn.


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2.4.4. My nh bng

* Cu to

* Nguyn tc hot ng

Nguyn liu c a vo thng cp liu, ng thi di tc dng ca lung

khng kh, nc c lm ti phun vo trc rng tip xc vi b mt ht go.

Lp cm tip xc vi nc sphn ly qua li vo khoang. B mt ht go c

to m, khi ma st s nhn bng hn.

2.5. Phn loi v kim tra thnh phmPhn loi v kim tra sn phm l khu cui cng trong dy chuyn cng

ngh ca nh my xay.


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Mc ch l tch tm, cm ra khi hn hp sau xoa bng, thu hi go

nguyn v cc sn phm khc.

Qu trnh phn loi ny kh phc tp v trong hn hp c nhiu cu t.

Thng dng sng bng hoc ry tng. Nhng cu t trn sng 3,43,8 mm l

go nguyn, trn sng 2mm l tm ln, trn sng 1,2 mm l tm nh, lt sng

1,2 mm l cm.

2.6. ng gi2.6.1. Mc ch

-Ngn cch sn phm vi mi trng bn ngoi, gip ht go khng b nhim bn.

- To cho sn phm c sa dng v mu m, cnh tranh v kiu dng ca cc nh

sn xut.

2.6.2. Yu cu

- Bao b phi sch s, kn.

- Trn bao b c ghi r thng tin y v sn phm (loi go, nh sn xut, hn sdng ).


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Mt sdng bao b ng gi


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KT LUNTrong nhng nm va qua, khi lng go xut khu ca Vit Nam lin tc

tng ln. Hin nay, go Vit Nam c mt trn 80 quc gia trn th gii, xut

khu go thu v mt lng ngoi t ln cho t nc, gp phn thc hin thnh

cng s nghip cng nghip hahin i ha t nc. Khnng nng cao sn

lng xut khu, cnh tranh v cht lng v gi c ca ga Vit Nam ngy cng

c trin vng theo chiu hng c li.

Thnh tu t c ca sn xut v xut khu go l rt ln nhng bn cnh

cn nhiu kh khn cn gii quyt nh: cng ngh sau thu hoch cn lc hu,

thtrng cha thc sn nh, gi go xut khu cn thp so vi gi quc t, cht

lng go cha cao, cc chnh sch qun l cn nhiu bt cp. Chnh v th, xy

dng mt h thng dy chuyn xay xt go l mt trong nhng yu t cn thit gp

phn nng cao nng sut v cht lng ht gothnh phm.


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PH LCQuy trnh sn xut go an ton ca VNF1

Lm sch nguyn liu

Bc v v sng lc go


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Xt trng

Lc sn v tch thc

nh bng go trng


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36/36

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TI LIU THAM KHO1. Bi c Hi, K thut ch bin lng thc tp 1, NXB Khoa hc v k

thut, 2006.

2. http://baigiang.violet.vn/present/show?entry_id=38030203. http://thuvien.hcmute.edu.vn/xem-tai-lieu/giao-trinh-cong-nghe-bao-quan-

va-che-bien-luong-thuc.51097.html

4. http://thuvienso.cntp.edu.vn/xem-tai-lieu/giao-trinh-may-che-bien-thuc-pham.72266.html
http://baigiang.violet.vn/present/show?entry_id=3803020http://baigiang.violet.vn/present/show?entry_id=3803020http://thuvien.hcmute.edu.vn/xem-tai-lieu/giao-trinh-cong-nghe-bao-quan-va-che-bien-luong-thuc.51097.htmlhttp://thuvien.hcmute.edu.vn/xem-tai-lieu/giao-trinh-cong-nghe-bao-quan-va-che-bien-luong-thuc.51097.htmlhttp://thuvien.hcmute.edu.vn/xem-tai-lieu/giao-trinh-cong-nghe-bao-quan-va-che-bien-luong-thuc.51097.htmlhttp://thuvien.hcmute.edu.vn/xem-tai-lieu/giao-trinh-cong-nghe-bao-quan-va-che-bien-luong-thuc.51097.htmlhttp://thuvien.hcmute.edu.vn/xem-tai-lieu/giao-trinh-cong-nghe-bao-quan-va-che-bien-luong-thuc.51097.htmlhttp://thuvienso.cntp.edu.vn/xem-tai-lieu/giao-trinh-may-che-bien-thuc-pham.72266.htmlhttp://thuvienso.cntp.edu.vn/xem-tai-lieu/giao-trinh-may-che-bien-thuc-pham.72266.htmlhttp://thuvienso.cntp.edu.vn/xem-tai-lieu/giao-trinh-may-che-bien-thuc-pham.72266.htmlhttp://thuvienso.cntp.edu.vn/xem-tai-lieu/giao-trinh-may-che-bien-thuc-pham.72266.htmlhttp://thuvienso.cntp.edu.vn/xem-tai-lieu/giao-trinh-may-che-bien-thuc-pham.72266.htmlhttp://thuvienso.cntp.edu.vn/xem-tai-lieu/giao-trinh-may-che-bien-thuc-pham.72266.htmlhttp://thuvien.hcmute.edu.vn/xem-tai-lieu/giao-trinh-cong-nghe-bao-quan-va-che-bien-luong-thuc.51097.htmlhttp://thuvien.hcmute.edu.vn/xem-tai-lieu/giao-trinh-cong-nghe-bao-quan-va-che-bien-luong-thuc.51097.htmlhttp://baigiang.violet.vn/present/show?entry_id=3803020

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