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Conditional SentencesType I, II & III

By :

 Arnold Panjaitan

Dessy NataliaM. Nuim

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Conditional Sentences

Structure :

 A conditional sentence is composed of 2 parts :

If-clause + Main Clause

Example :

If it rains tomorrow, we will not come.

If-clause Main Clause

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Conditional Sentences Type 1

Probability : It is PossibleThere is possibilityPerhaps

Fact : Probability + Main Clause (In Present Tense) 

Use : Talk about a present or future probable case.

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Conditional Sentences Type 1

Habitual

Tense :If-clause ~ Present TenseMain Clause ~ Present Tense

Example :

If Arnold feels hungry, He goes to Zam Zam Resto.

Present Tense Present Tense

Fact : It is possible Arnold goes to Zam Zam Resto 

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Conditional Sentences Type 1

Future Conditional

Tense : If-clause ~ Present TenseMain Clause ~ Future Tense

Example :

If it rains tomorrow, Nuim won’t go to school.

Present Tense Future Tense

Fact : There is possibility Nuim doesn’t go to school 

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Conditional Sentences Type 1

Command Form

Tense : If-clause ~ Present TenseMain Clause ~ Command Form

Example :

If you go to Indomaret, buy a bottle of Star Beer. 

Present Tense Command Form

Fact : It is possible for you to buy a bottle of Star Beer. 

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Exercise One

1. If you ___________________ (not come),

 You ________________ (miss ) the show.

do not come

will miss

2. John __________________ (buy)a car if he

 _____________ (get)a job.

will buy

gets

3. Mary ________________(get) a toothache if 

she_________________ (eat) too many sweets.

will get

eats

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Conditional Sentences Type 2

Type 2

Use : Talk about a present or future improbable

case. (A case that is unlikely to happen)Tense : If-clause ~ Past Tense

Main Clause ~ would/could/might + an infinitive(Past Future)

Fact : Contrary to the Sentences (In Present Tense) (+)V2   don’t/doesn’t + V 1(-)didn’t + V1    V 1 (s,es)(+)were is,am,are + not

(-)weren’t  is/am/are

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Conditional Sentences Type 2

Type 2

Example :

If Dessy were a bird, she would fly across the harbour.

Past Tense Past Future

Fact : Dessy isn’t a bird, so she can’t fly 

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Conditional Sentences Type 3

Type 3

Fact : Contrary to the Sentences (In Past Tense) 

(+)Had + V3  didn’t + V 1(-)Hadn’t + V3    V 2(+)Had Been Was/Were+ not

(-)Hadn’t Been   Was/Were

Use : Talk about a past, impossible caseTense : If-clause ~ Past Perfect Tense

Main Clause ~ Would + Past Future PerfectForm

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Conditional Sentences

Type 3

Example :

If Nuim had had enough money, he would have gone toManchester yesterday.

Past Perfect Tense Past Future Perfect Form

Fact : Nuim didn’t have enough money, so he didn’t go to

Manchester

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Conditional Sentences

 Variations:

Type 1 :

If you see John, ask him to come and see me.Should you see John, ask him to come and see me.

SHOULD may replaceIF in type 1 inversion

Type 2 :

If I were an aeroplane, I could fly in the sky.

Were I an aeroplane, I could fly in the sky.

can replace with COULDor MIGHT or WOULD

WERE may replace IF in an inversion

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Conditional Sentences

Type 3 :

If I had come home earlier, I would not havemissed the programme.

Had I come home earlier, I would not have missedthe programme.

HAD may replace IF in aninversion

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Exercise Two

1. If I ________________ (be) four years old, I

 ________________ (learn) to play the piano.

were

would learn

2. If I ________________ (not fail) in the

examination, my mother_______________ (buy)

me a new computer.

had not failed

would have bought

3. We ________________________ (finish) if we

 ________________ (have) better preparation.

would have finished

had had

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Quick Quiz

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