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Energy Engineering Education
and Smart Grid Test-Bed
Jian Sun
[email protected]; (518) 276-8297
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
Electrical, Computer and Systems Eng. Department
Troy, NY
NSF-Sponsored Workshop on
Electrical Energy Education & Research
December 13-16, 2009, Doha, Qatar
2December 14, 2009
EPE at RPI
• Electric Power Engineering was a Separate
Department at RPI
– Established in 1962
– Offered One-Year MS Program without Thesis
– Undergraduate Student Body was Small
• So was the Number of PhD Students
• Merged into ECSE Department around 2000
– Education for Working Professionals Concentrated
at RPI-Hartford
3December 14, 2009
E. Gross, “Development of the Professional Electric Power Engineering Program at Rensselaer –
The Salient Features,” in IEEE Transactions on Education, vol. E-21, no. 3, pp. 159-161, Aug. 1978.
5December 14, 2009
Core Undergraduate Courses
Semiconductor
Power
ElectronicsElectromechanics
Power
Engineering
Fundamentals
EPE Laboratory
Major in EPE
6December 14, 2009
New Energy Systems Curriculum
Intro to Electric
Energy Systems
• EE Major with Concentration in Energy Systems
• Lab Activities in Each Course
• Modular Curriculum Allows Focus on Different Subjects
Power
Electronics
Electromechanical
Energy Conversion
Power System
Op. & Control
Cyber-Physical
Integrated SystemsRenewable
Energy
Electricity
Policy(Economics
Department)
Required for All
EE Students
7December 14, 2009
Focus on Fundamentals
• For Example, in Power Electronics
– Steady-State Circuit Analysis Based on Inductor Voltage-Second and Capacitor Amp-Second Balance
– PWM Spectral Analysis Using Double Fourier Series
11
1 11
0 θωθωcos2
πsin
2
π
π
4θωcos
2
πsin
2
π
π
4
tntmnmMm
Jm
tmmMm
Jm
cc
m n
ncc
m
• Renewable Energy?
10December 14, 2009
Test-Bed Design
• Grid Simulator
– Variable Voltages and Frequency (Weak Grid)
– Programmable Harmonic Contents
– Controllable Impedance and Other Dynamic Characteristics
– Transient and Fault Conditions
• Sources, Loads, Energy Storage Devices
– Solar, Fuel Cell and Wind – Different Time Scales
– Constant-Power and Other Actively Controlled Loads
– Battery Bank, Hybrid Vehicles (to be Added)
11December 14, 2009
Grid Simulator
• Single or Three-Phase
– 70 kW Three-Phase Operation
– 40 kW Single-Phase Operation
• Two Back-to-Back Voltage-Source Converters
– Input Stage Uses a Generative Drive with Line Filter
– Output Formed by Three PWM Inverters in Parallel
• Internal Development Focus on Control
12December 14, 2009
Solar and Fuel Cell Simulation
• Sampling Period < 0.1 ms
– ADC 2 μs
– Computation 50 μs
– DAC 30 μs
13December 14, 2009
Wind Power Simulator
Variable
Speed
Drive
PM
Motor
PM
GenPWM
Rectifier
Grid-
Parallel
Inverter
Commercial Motor Drives with
Custom-Made Control Software
14December 14, 2009
Programmable Loads
• AC and DC Inputs
• Resistive, Inductive, Capacitive
• Constant Current
• Constant Instantaneous Power (DC)
– As Load for Rectifiers
• Constant Average Power
• Control Bandwidth Limitations
20 50 100 200 500 1000
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
20 50 100 200 500 1000
200
150
100
50
0
50
Amplitude Phase
15December 14, 2009
Use of the Test-Bed
• Research
– Renewable Energy Grid Integration
– Distribution System Voltage Stability and Control
– Impedance Matching, Harmonic Resonance
– Energy Storage and System Energy Management
• Education and Outreach
– Renewable Energy (Undergraduate & Graduate)
– Advanced Power Electronics (Graduate)
– System Demonstration, Industry Collaboration
• Future Expansion – RTDS, PMU, Smart Meters