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Copyright (C) Mitsubishi Research Institute, Inc.
Development of Safety Research Roadmap for
Plant Life Cycle Management of LWR
IAEA 4th PLiM
Lyon, France
October 23, 2017
Mitsubishi Research Institute, Inc.
Masayuki Takizawa
The University of Tokyo
Seiichi Koshizuka
Mitsubishi Research Institute, Inc.
Presentation Contents
1Copyright (C) Mitsubishi Research Institute, Inc.
� Introduction
� Roadmap Development Scheme
� Roadmap Examples
� Present Works under the Roadmap and Future Issues
Mitsubishi Research Institute, Inc.
Background
Unit1 Unit2 Unit3 Unit4
Fukushima Dai-ichi NPS Accident 2011
©GeoEye
3Copyright (C) Mitsubishi Research Institute, Inc.
Mitsubishi Research Institute, Inc.
4Copyright (C) Mitsubishi Research Institute, Inc.
Restructure of Nuclear Regulation System in Japan
Special Inspections to Extend Operational Period
Background
Mitsubishi Research Institute, Inc.
Decrease Trend of Nuclear Power Plants Installed Capacity
Insta
lled
Cap
acit
y (
MW
)
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
Calendar Year
40 year operation limit
60-year operation limit
43 Plants
43 Plants
43 + 3 New Plants (60-year)
43 + 3 New Plants
(60-year)
5Copyright (C) Mitsubishi Research Institute, Inc.
Background
Mitsubishi Research Institute, Inc.
Increase of Decommissioning
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
BWR : 22 units
PWR : 20 units
Decommissioning BWR
1F-1
1F-2 1F-3 1F-51F-4
1F-6
1F : Fukushima-DaiichiGCR ATR
Hamaoka-1
Hamaoka-2
Tsuruga-1
Mihama-1
Mihama-2
Shimane-1
Genkai-1 Ikata-1
Start of Commercial Operation
Ele
ctr
ical O
utp
ut
(MW
e)
Decommissioning PWR
6Copyright (C) Mitsubishi Research Institute, Inc.
Background
Mitsubishi Research Institute, Inc.
Suggestion by METI Panel of intellectuals in 2014
� Weak Points on Safety Research Activities in Japan� Shrink of fundamental safety research activities after 1990 because of maturity of
light water nuclear reactor’s technology
� Shrink of research activities for severe accident (SA) countermeasure after 2000
because of disvalue on SA
� Shortage of cooperation between regulatory body and utilities / venders for safety
research activities
� There have been little of effective cooperative research theme conducted by regulatory
body and utilities / venders
� “Nuclear Safety Research Roadmap” should be reconstructed� Participation of many stakeholders
� Clarification of division of roles among stakeholders
� To avoid duplication of activities and waste of resource expense
� To enhance communication between regulatory body and utilities / venders with the roadmap
7Copyright (C) Mitsubishi Research Institute, Inc.
Background
Mitsubishi Research Institute, Inc.
Roadmap Construction Scheme
8Copyright (C) Mitsubishi Research Institute, Inc.
Mitsubishi Research Institute, Inc.
Stakeholders Relation for the Roadmap Development
Advisory Committee for Natural
Resources and Energy
AESJ’s Special Committee on
Nuclear Safety Research Roadmap
WG on Voluntary Improvement of Safety,
Technology and Human Resource
IndustriesThe Federation of Electric Power Companies of Japan
Plant Manufacturers
AcademiaUniversities, JAEA
Government as observerAgency for Natural Resource and Energy in METI
Nuclear
Regulation
Authority
(NRA)
Science Council
of Japan
Architectural
Institute of Japan
Japan Association for
Earthquake
Engineering
IAEA
OECD/NEA
Organization in
Other countries
Nuclear Standards
Committee of JEA
The Public
Safety Technology and
Human Resource Roadmap
International Community
Nuclear Energy Subcommittee
METI
AESJ : Atomic Energy Society of Japan
Original Plan of
the Roadmap
Request to draft
the Roadmap
Basic Energy Plan in Japan
Positioning of Nuclear Power in Energy Policy
9Copyright (C) Mitsubishi Research Institute, Inc.
Mitsubishi Research Institute, Inc.
10Copyright (C) Mitsubishi Research Institute, Inc.
Eight Categories set up in the Roadmap
1. Utilization of Risk Information for existing LWRs
2. Reduction of Risk of Existing LWRs
Developing Design, Aging Management and Maintenance
3. Measures to prevent on-site damage from expanding in the event of an
accident
4. Measures to minimize off-site damage in the event of an accident
5. Safe decommissioning of existing reactors
6. Nuclear non-proliferation and nuclear security
7. Development of Innovative Technologies applicable to LWR, which are
beyond conventional ideas
8. Maintenance and development of Human Resources required for safe
and continuous use of LWRs
Mitsubishi Research Institute, Inc.
11Copyright (C) Mitsubishi Research Institute, Inc.
Composition of Eight Categories in the Roadmap
As a result of the above
De
fen
se in
De
pth
1. Utilization of Risk Information for existing light water reactors, etc.
Safety Measures for the Existing Reactors from Design to Decommissioning
2. Reduction of Risk of existing light water
reactors3. Measures to prevent on-site
damage from expanding in
the event of an accident
4. Measures to minimize off-
site damage in the event of
an accident 5.
Sa
fe d
eco
mm
issi
on
ing
of
ex
isti
ng
re
act
ors
6.
Nu
cle
ar
no
n-
pro
life
rati
on
an
d
nu
cle
ar
secu
rity
7. Development of Innovative Technologies applicable to light water
reactors, which are beyond conventional ideas
Continuous contribution
8. Maintenance and development of Human Resources required for
safe and continuous use of light water reactors
Design -> Construction -> Operation -> Aging Management
Mitsubishi Research Institute, Inc.
12Copyright (C) Mitsubishi Research Institute, Inc.
AESJ’s Special Committee Sub-GroupsS
ub
-Co
mm
itte
e
Maintenance and
Plant Life Management
Review countermeasures against facility ageing based
on operational experiences and plant maintenance as
well as the challenges related to safe operation.
Safety Improvement
through Design
Review the challenges related to safety improvement
through design activities for fuels, materials, thermal
hydraulics, etc.
Accident
ManagementReview the challenges related to accident management.
Earthquake Resistance
and External Events
Review the challenges related to long-term durability of
buildings and structures with taking into account
external events such as earthquakes tsunamis and
external events.
Decommissioning (*)Review the challenges related to the processes of safe
decommissioning of the existing reactors and handling
of large wastes, etc.
Nuclear SecurityReview the challenges related to nuclear non-
proliferation and nuclear security as nuclear energy is
widely used in international community.
* Technology Development related to Decommissioning of
TEPCO’s Fukushima Daiichi NPS is not included in this Roadmap.
Mitsubishi Research Institute, Inc.
13Copyright (C) Mitsubishi Research Institute, Inc.
Objective and Five Pillars to Find Issues
Mitsubishi Research Institute, Inc.
14Copyright (C) Mitsubishi Research Institute, Inc.
Milestones to Complete Long-term Objectives
Stage 2(Medium term)
Stage 3(Long Term)
Stage 1(Short term)
2050
1. Innovative Technology to Reduce Risks of Nuclear Power Plant System
associated with Radiation Exposure and Release of Radioactivity
2. Innovative Technology to Reduce the Volume and Toxicity of Radioactive
Waste
3. Global Sharing Latest Knowledge and Technology on Nuclear Safety
2030
2020
1. Nuclear Power as Stable Energy Source with Cost Competitiveness through
Continuous and Risk Reduction of and Trust from the People
2. Advanced Plant Design Technology and Management for Further Safety
Improvement
3. Establishment of International Framework to Cooperation to Share Human
Resources and Technology
1. Voluntary Efforts of Operators with Prime Responsibility to Nuclear Safety
and Dialogue with all the Stakeholders
2. Effective Decision Making to Reduce Risk by both Regulator and Operators
3. Systematic and Harmonized Approach for Disaster Prevention in Japan
where Natural Disasters may induce Large Contribution of Risk
4. Sharing Lessons Learnt from the Fukushima Accident in addition to
contribute Technology Transfer and Knowledgebase for Nuclear Safety
Mitsubishi Research Institute, Inc.
15Copyright (C) Mitsubishi Research Institute, Inc.
Index for Prioritizing Safety Issues in the Roadmap
(A)Substantial (Short-term viewpoint) Prioritizing Index
(B)Fundamental (Long-term viewpoint) Prioritizing Index
2. Comprehensive Risk Reduction
1. Prevention of Fukushima-Accident Reoccurrence
1. Development of Common Basis
3. Cultivation of Human Resources
3. Cost-benefit Performance
2. Breakthrough for World-wide Nuclear Safety
Mitsubishi Research Institute, Inc.
16Copyright (C) Mitsubishi Research Institute, Inc.
Example of Prioritized Safety Issues (Research Theme)
1. 2. 3. 1. 2. 3.
S102_a07 Cultivation of Safety Culture ○ 3.7 2.9 1.50 1.00 1.17 1.67 0.42 0.83
S102_a09 Development of organization management for the utilization of risk information ○ 3.7 2.6 1.33 1.17 1.17 1.50 0.33 0.75
S102_a12 Formulation of Integrated Risk Informed Disigion Making Systems and Human Resources ○ 4.3 3.6 1.67 1.33 1.25 1.67 0.58 1.33
S103_b06 Gaining a Consensus for Determining Radioactive Waste Disposal Places ○ 3.3 2.8 1.08 0.92 1.25 1.75 0.42 0.67
S103M102L101_b01 Execution of Stake holder Communication with Risk Infromation ○ 3.7 3.3 1.67 0.83 1.17 1.67 0.58 1.08
M103L101_a04 Establishment of Risk Governance for Major Natural Disasters ◎ 4.5 3.7 1.83 1.58 1.08 1.50 0.92 1.25
S104M101L102_b02-1Enhancement of Relation among Sakeholders (including local community) for Accident Prevention and
Evacuation ○ 4.0 3.0 1.75 1.08 1.17 1.58 0.42 1.00
L104_d41 Innovative Material Development for long term operation (Over 60 years) ○ 2.4 4.2 0.45 0.91 1.00 1.55 1.09 1.55
S106_c03 Study on Quick Grasp Method of Effects of Outer Non-Earthquake-and-Tsunami Events ◎ 4.3 3.9 1.58 1.50 1.25 1.75 1.08 1.08
S107_c08 Development of Condition Monitoring Systems and Framework for Low-frequency Outer Events △ 2.8 2.8 1.42 0.75 0.67 1.25 0.83 0.75
M107_d48 Reuse of the Reactor Building and Site after Decommissioning △ 2.2 2.5 0.42 0.42 1.33 1.33 0.42 0.75
S109M104L103_d27 Development of Computer Security Technology ○ 3.5 3.7 0.64 1.45 1.36 1.64 0.91 1.18
S109M104L103_d28 Development of Nucler Security Systems ○ 3.5 3.5 0.64 1.55 1.36 1.36 0.91 1.18
S111_d13 Improvement of Risk Evaluation Methods and Application to SA Countermeasures ◎ 4.8 3.9 1.92 1.42 1.42 1.67 1.08 1.17
S111_d29 Development of Operation and Maintenance Control with utilizing Risk Infromation ◎ 4.8 3.8 1.42 1.67 1.75 1.75 0.83 1.25
S111_d32 Development of Condition Monitoring ◎ 4.3 4.0 1.18 1.55 1.55 1.64 0.73 1.64
S111_d39 Development of Inspection and Repair Technique ○ 3.0 3.7 0.55 1.09 1.36 1.45 0.73 1.55
S111M106L103_d01 Development of Framework of Learning and Applying the Latest Knowledge of 1F Accident ◎ 4.9 3.0 2.00 1.58 1.33 1.75 0.58 0.67
S111M107_d17-1 Development of the Evaluation Technique of Core and RCS Design with Hydrodynamic Calculation ○ 3.6 3.7 0.91 1.45 1.27 1.64 0.73 1.36
S111M107_d18-1 Development of Nuclear Fuel Safety Reliability with Advanced Technology ○ 3.4 3.7 1.09 1.09 1.18 1.36 1.00 1.36
S111M107_d36 Development of Evaluation Methods and Systems for Aging Manageent ◎ 3.1 4.4 0.55 1.18 1.36 1.91 1.09 1.36
S111M107L103_d42 Improvement of SSC's Reliability and those Functions ◎ 4.7 3.9 1.75 1.58 1.33 1.50 1.00 1.42
S111M107L104_d10 Establishment of Worldwide Standard Design with Considering and Enhancing Resilience Concept ◎ 4.2 4.7 1.67 1.50 1.00 1.58 1.33 1.75
S112M107_d08 Development of Safety Calculation & Evaluation Code Systems ◎ 4.4 4.3 1.67 1.33 1.42 1.83 0.83 1.67
S113_d44 Development of Decommissionging Technique for High Level Radio Activated Components ○ 3.3 3.7 0.67 1.42 1.25 1.50 0.92 1.25
(B)Prioritized Ranking Score
ID Safety Countermeasure Issues' Title(A) (B)Total
(A)
Mitsubishi Research Institute, Inc.
Roadmap Examples
17Copyright (C) Mitsubishi Research Institute, Inc.
Mitsubishi Research Institute, Inc.
18Copyright (C) Mitsubishi Research Institute, Inc.
Composition of Each Category in the Roadmap
As a result of the above
De
fen
se in
De
pth
1. Utilization of Risk Information for existing light water reactors, etc.
Safety Measures for the Existing Reactors from Design to Decommissioning
2. Reduction of Risk of existing light water
reactors3. Measures to prevent on-site
damage from expanding in
the event of an accident
4. Measures to minimize off-
site damage in the event of
an accident 5.
Sa
fe d
eco
mm
issi
on
ing
of
ex
isti
ng
re
act
ors
6.
Nu
cle
ar
no
n-
pro
life
rati
on
an
d
nu
cle
ar
secu
rity
7. Development of Innovative Technologies applicable to light water
reactors, which are beyond conventional ideas
Continuous contribution
8. Maintenance and development of Human Resources required for
safe and continuous use of light water reactors
Design -> Construction -> Operation -> Aging Management
Mitsubishi Research Institute, Inc.
19Copyright (C) Mitsubishi Research Institute, Inc.
Example of the Roadmap for Nuclear Safety Design, Aging Management and Maintenance
Mitsubishi Research Institute, Inc.
20Copyright (C) Mitsubishi Research Institute, Inc.
Composition of Each Category in the Roadmap
As a result of the above
De
fen
se in
De
pth
1. Utilization of Risk Information for existing light water reactors, etc.
Safety Measures for the Existing Reactors from Design to Decommissioning
2. Reduction of Risk of existing light water
reactors3. Measures to prevent on-site
damage from expanding in
the event of an accident
4. Measures to minimize off-
site damage in the event of
an accident 5.
Sa
fe d
eco
mm
issi
on
ing
of
ex
isti
ng
re
act
ors
6.
Nu
cle
ar
no
n-
pro
life
rati
on
an
d
nu
cle
ar
secu
rity
7. Development of Innovative Technologies applicable to light water
reactors, which are beyond conventional ideas
Continuous contribution
8. Maintenance and development of Human Resources required for
safe and continuous use of light water reactors
Design -> Construction -> Operation -> Aging Management
Mitsubishi Research Institute, Inc.
21Copyright (C) Mitsubishi Research Institute, Inc.
Example of the Roadmap for Nuclear Safety Accident Management and Disaster Prevention
Mitsubishi Research Institute, Inc.
22Copyright (C) Mitsubishi Research Institute, Inc.
Composition of Each Category in the Roadmap
As a result of the above
De
fen
se in
De
pth
1. Utilization of Risk Information for existing light water reactors, etc.
Safety Measures for the Existing Reactors from Design to Decommissioning
2. Reduction of Risk of existing light water
reactors3. Measures to prevent on-site
damage from expanding in
the event of an accident
4. Measures to minimize off-
site damage in the event of
an accident 5.
Sa
fe d
eco
mm
issi
on
ing
of
ex
isti
ng
re
act
ors
6.
Nu
cle
ar
no
n-
pro
life
rati
on
an
d
nu
cle
ar
secu
rity
7. Development of Innovative Technologies applicable to light water
reactors, which are beyond conventional ideas
Continuous contribution
8. Maintenance and development of Human Resources required for
safe and continuous use of light water reactors
Design -> Construction -> Operation -> Aging Management
Mitsubishi Research Institute, Inc.
23Copyright (C) Mitsubishi Research Institute, Inc.
Example of the Roadmap for Nuclear Safety Decommissioning
Mitsubishi Research Institute, Inc.
Present Works under the Roadmap
and Future Issues
24Copyright (C) Mitsubishi Research Institute, Inc.
Mitsubishi Research Institute, Inc.
25Copyright (C) Mitsubishi Research Institute, Inc.
Presentations by Japan List of 4th PLiM
Title Session
Life Cycle Management, including Lessons Learned from the Fukushima Daiichi Accident Prenary
Japanese Codes and Standards to Support Long Term Operation of Nuclear Power Plant 1-3
Activities for Long Term Operation – Special Inspection and Technical Evaluation of Ageing Degradation 1-4
Soundness Assessment Method for Concrete Structures Based on Date Obtained from Decommissioning HAMOKA NPP 1-5
A Research Activity using Decommissioning HAMAOKA Unit-1 1-5
UK ABWR -New NPP design for UK 1-6
Extension of Operating Period of NPPs Taking into Account Cost Efficiency and Activities for Long Term Operation 2-1
Implementation of IGALL in Japanese NPPs 3-1
JANSI Guidelines for Inspection and Evaluation of Reactor Vessel Internals 3-5
Status of The Master Curve Fracture Toughness Evaluation Method using Miniature C(T) Specimens. 3-5
Post-Japanese NRA Research Project on Soundness Evaluation Criteria for Radiation-Induced Concrete Degradation 3-9
Replacement of Pressurizer Safe End Weld 4-1
Establishment of Systematic Design Control/ Configuration Management Processes for Safe Operation of TEPCO NPPs 4-2
New Structural Engineering Approach to Enhance Resilience against BDBE 4-2
Development of Safety Research Roadmap for Plant Life Cycle Management of LWR. 4-2
Knowledge Transfer for Long Term Operation 5-1
Human resource Development Activities at the University of Tokyo towards a Proactive Nuclear Regulatory 5-1
Studies on Ageing Mechanism of Structural Materials using Ion Accelerator Facilities P1
Physical Properties of Concrete Obtained from the Reactor Building of Decommissioning Hamaoka NPP P2
Summary of Japanese NRA Research Project on Soundness Evaluation Procedures for Radiation Induced Concrete Degradation P2
Evaluation of the Neutron Irradiation Embrittlement of RPV Steels: Development of Embrittlement Trend Curve and Investigation of Through-wall Attenuation P2
Current Status of the Revision of the Embrittlement Trend Curve in Japan P2
Special Inspection for License Renewal of Nuclear Power Plants -Introduction of NDE Techniques- P3
Guidelines for Maintenance and Management of Structures in Nuclear Facilities in Japan P3
Human Resources Development Focusing on the Nuclear System Safety in Reginal Cooperation with NPP Location Area P4
To be said as Activities under the Roadmap
Mitsubishi Research Institute, Inc.
26Copyright (C) Mitsubishi Research Institute, Inc.
Cross Cutting Issues should be focused on
As a result of the above
De
fen
se in
De
pth
1. Utilization of Risk Information for existing light water reactors, etc.
Safety Measures for the Existing Reactors from Design to Decommissioning
2. Reduction of Risk of existing light water
reactors3. Measures to prevent on-site
damage from expanding in
the event of an accident
4. Measures to minimize off-
site damage in the event of
an accident 5.
Sa
fe d
eco
mm
issi
on
ing
of
ex
isti
ng
re
act
ors
6.
Nu
cle
ar
no
n-
pro
life
rati
on
an
d
nu
cle
ar
secu
rity
7. Development of Innovative Technologies applicable to light water
reactors, which are beyond conventional ideas
Continuous contribution
8. Maintenance and development of Human Resources required for
safe and continuous use of light water reactors
Design -> Construction -> Operation -> Aging Management
Mitsubishi Research Institute, Inc.
Improving the Functions of the Roadmap
� To Involve Regulatory Side more and more in Japan� Opportunities of communication between utilities and regulatory body
should be increased.
� Appropriate cooperative research theme between them should be enhanced.
� To Coordinate International Cooperation Research Activities� The roadmap should be opened and shared internationally.
� Nuclear safety must be kept by sharing knowledge lesson learned worldwide.
� To Open Real Information and Issues Transparently� The research activities should be explained to the public with plain
explanation why the activities are needed or why the activities are now prioritized.
� Sincere efforts for the nuclear safety could be accepted by public with improving process of the roadmap.
Mitsubishi Research Institute, Inc.
Summary
� The roadmap for improving nuclear safety and cultivating
human resources has been developed in Japan after 1F
accident.
� Eight categories (seven safety issues plus human resource
issue) are set up in the roadmap.
� Over one hundred safety issues (technical, organizational and
social related) have been clarified and described into the
roadmap with prioritizing index.
� Cross cutting issues between different categories should be
focused on in order to avoid omitting importance safety issues.
� The direction of improving the nuclear safety roadmap has
been clarified to utilize nuclear power sustainably.
Mitsubishi Research Institute, Inc.
29Copyright (C) Mitsubishi Research Institute, Inc.
Thank you for your Attention!