CNG HO X HI CH NGHA VIT NAM

TRNG I HC S PHM K THUT TP. HCM

KHOA C KH CH TO MY c lp - T do Hnh phc B MN CNG NGH CH TO MY

NHIM V N TT NGHIPinh Hong Tn MSSV: 10103131Hunh Ph Nguyn MSSV: 10903005No Th Hong MSSV: 10903025Lp:101031C - 109030A - 109030CKha: 2010-2015Ngnh o to: C kh Ch to myH: Chnh quyTn ti:Nghin cu, thit k v tnh ton m hnh sn xut khn lnh, dit khun bng cng ngh Plasma lnh.1) Cc s liu, ti liu ban u: M hnh thit b c kch thc 2100x500x1100 mm; Tin hnh cc th nghim kh khun; M hnh to ra mi trng Plasma nhit thp 30-70C v p sut bng p sut phng.2) Ni dung chnh ca n: Tng quan v lnh vc nghin cu, kt qu nghin cu trong v ngoi nc, mc ch v nhim v ti; C s l thuyt: mi trng hnh thnh Plasma nhit thp mi trng p sut thng, nguyn l dit khun ca mi trng Plasma; Tnh ton, thit k v tm ra m hnh ti u cho thit b; ch to m hnh vi kch thc 2100x500x1100 mm; Kim tra v tm ra cc thng s ti u ca thit b - in p, tn s; Kt lun v kin ngh: nhng u v khuyt im ca m hnh; kh nng ng dng ca m hnh vo thc t.3) Ngy giao n: 10/09/20144) Ngy np n: 17/01/2015TRNG B MNGING VIN HNG DN

(K, ghi r h tn) (K, ghi r h tn)

c php bo v .(GVHD k, ghi r h tn)LI CAM KT

Tn ti: Nghin cu, thit k v ch to m hnh sn xut khn lnh dit khun bng cng ngh Plasma lnhGing vin hng dn: Th.S Thi Vn PhcH v tn sinh vin: inh Hong Tn.MSSV: 10103131Lp: 101031Ca ch sinh vin: B Ra Vng TuS in thoi lin lc: 01662588488Email: tandinh8@gmail.comNgy np kho lun tt nghip (ATN): 17/01/2015Li cam kt: Ti xin cam oan kho lun tt nghip (ATN) ny l cng trnh do chnh ti nghin cu v thc hin. Ti khng sao chp t bt k mt bi vit no c cng b m khng trch dn ngun gc. Nu c bt k mt s vi phm no, ti xin chu hon ton trch nhim.

Tp. H Ch Minh, Ngy 16 thng 01 nm 2015 (K, ghi r h tn)

inh Hong Tn 1

LI CAM KT

Tn ti: Nghin cu, thit k v ch to m hnh sn xut khn lnh dit khun bng cng ngh Plasma lnhGing vin hng dn: Th.S Thi Vn PhcH v tn sinh vin: Hunh Ph NguynMSSV: 10903005Lp: 109030Aa ch sinh vin: DaklakS in thoi lin lc: 01647588074Email: phunguyencmg@gmail.comNgy np kho lun tt nghip (ATN): 17/01/2015Li cam kt: Ti xin cam oan kho lun tt nghip (ATN) ny l cng trnh do chnh ti nghin cu v thc hin. Ti khng sao chp t bt k mt bi vit no c cng b m khng trch dn ngun gc. Nu c bt k mt s vi phm no, ti xin chu hon ton trch nhim.

Tp. H Ch Minh, Ngy 16 Thng 01 Nm 2015 (K, ghi r h tn)

Hunh Ph NguynLI CAM KT

Tn ti: Nghin cu, thit k v ch to m hnh sn xut khn lnh dit khun bng cng ngh Plasma lnhGing vin hng dn: Th.S Thi Vn PhcH v tn sinh vin: No Th HongMSSV: 10903025Lp: 10930Ca ch sinh vin: Ninh Thun.S in thoi lin lc: 01636526697Email: hoangnaospkt10@gmail.comNgy np kho lun tt nghip (ATN): 17/01/2015Li cam kt: Ti xin cam oan kho lun tt nghip (ATN) ny l cng trnh do chnh ti nghin cu v thc hin. Ti khng sao chp t bt k mt bi vit no c cng b m khng trch dn ngun gc. Nu c bt k mt s vi phm no, ti xin chu hon ton trch nhim.

Tp. H Ch Minh, Ngy 16 thng 01 nm 2015 (K, ghi r h tn)

No Th HongLI CM N

n tt nghip i vi sinh vin nm cui l rt quan trng, nhm tng hp li nhng kin thc v chuyn ngnh c kh ch to my v cc mn hc khc m chng em c hc sut 4 nm ging ng i hc, cng nh nhng kinh nghim t thc t. n tt nghip ny gip chng em i t l thuyt vo thc t nghin cu v ch to m hnh thc t. Qua chng em cng c vng hn v kin thc chuyn ngnh v k nng lm vic thc t cng nh lm vc nhm sao cho hiu qu hn, l mt k nng rt cn thit cho k s sau khi ra trng.Li cm n chn thnh v su sc nht u tin xin gi n gia nh v s ng vin khng mt mi v s k cn, gip , to mi iu kin chng em hon thnh kha hc ca mnh mt cch tt nht. Trc tin chng em xin chn thnh gi n ton th qu thy c trong Khoa C Kh Ch to my truyn t nhng kin thc v kinh nghim qu bu trong sut nhng nm thng trn ging ng i hc li cm n chn thnh nht.Chng em xin by t lng bit n chn thnh n ThS. Thi Vn Phc ngi hng dn, ch bo tn tnh v to mi iu kin thun li chng em hon thnh tt n. Bn cnh chng em cng mun gi li cm n n cc thy c gio trong Khoa C kh Ch To my, trng i hc S phm K thut TP. HCM; c bit xin gi li cm n n thy Thi Vn Phc, thy Trn Ngc m, thy Phan Minh Thanh, thy Dng ng Danh, thy Phm Huy Tun cho chng em nhng li khuyn hu ch v to iu kin tt nht cho chng em thc hin ti ny.Mc d rt c gng, nhng trong mt khong thi gian cho php, cng nh hn ch v mt kin thc ca bn thn, n ny khng th trnh khi nhiu thiu st. Chnh v vy, chng em rt mong nhn c s gp ca cc thy gio, c gio cng nh ca bn b v nhng ngi c quan tm n lnh vc m n ny c trnh by.Cui cng knh chc qu thy, c trong khoa C kh Ch to my li chc sc khe, hnh phc, cng tc tt.Chng em xin chn thnh cm n!Nhm sinh vin thc hin: inh Hong Tn, Hunh Ph Nguyn, No Th Hong.

TM TT N ti NGHIN CU, TNH TON V THIT K M HNH SN XUT KHN LNH DIT KHUN BNG CNG NGH PLASMA LNHCng ngh Plasma c lu i nhng hu ht c dng trong phng th nghim vi p sut thp.V vic ng dng cng ngh Plasma kh khun khn lnh th cha c tt chc, trung tm no nghin cu thit k v ch to.Nghin cu c thc hin gm bn giai on l: Giai on 1 Nghin cu l thuyt v cng ngh Plasma, ng lc hc plasma, nghin cu kh nng dit khun bng cng ngh Plasma v ng dng vo dit khun khn lnh.

Giai on 2 a ra nhiu phng n thit k ch to m hnh x l thc nghim, phn tch u nhc im ca tng phng n, v cui cng chn phng n ti u da trn tiu ch hiu sut x l, tit kim nng lng v bo v mi trng.

Giai on 3 Tin hnh th nghim vi cc iu kin khc nhau: cng sut tiu hao (dng in, in p, tn s), kch thc hnh dng bung Plasma.

Giai on 4 Phn tch nh gi kt qu th nghim v kt lun.

MC LC

LI CAM KT2LI CM N5TM TT N6MC LC7DANH MC HNH NH10CHNG 1: GII THIU121.Tnh cp thit ca ti122.Mc tiu nghin cu143.i tng nghin cu v phm vi nghin cu143.1i tng nghin cu143.2Phm vi nghin cu144.Phng php nghin cu144.1C s phng php lun144.2Cc phng php nghin cu c th14CHNG 2: TNG QUAN NGHIN CU TI161.Tng quan v quy trnh, my mc sn xut khn lnh hin nay16S nguyn l xp vi:172.Phn tch nhc im quy trnh sn xut khn lnh hin nay.183.Gii thiu s lc v Plasma v nguyn l dit khun bng cng ngh Plasma lnh.183.1Gii thiu v Plasma183.2Quy trnh sn xut khn lnh dit khun bng cng ngh Plasma lnh203.3Yu cu k thut203.4Kh nng dit khun ca Plasma203.5Kh nng x l b mt ca Plasma:214.Cc nghin cu lin quan n ti214.1Vi khng dt Rayon nguyn liu sn xut khn t214.2Nc gi m cho khn lnh23CHNG 3: PHNG HNG V GII PHP CNG NGH241.Nhng yu cu c bn ca ti242.Phng n v gii php thc hin242.1Phng n chn m hnh252.2Phng n thc hin thit b m hnh273.Phng n s dng vt liu in cc trong:284.Phng n nh v thanh in cc:305.La chn phng n316.H thng kt cu m hnh316.1M hnh thc nghim316.2Thuyt minh m hnh thc nghim31CHNG 4: THIT K V TNH TON H THNG SN XUT KHN LNH DIT KHUN BNG CNG NGH PLASMA321.Thit k h thng sn xut khn lnh dit khun bng cng ngh Plasma321.1Bung dit khun b mt phi vi bng Plasma321.2C cu xp khn331.3 C cu thm nc v p nc341.4 C cu ct vi361.5 C cu xp i vi371.6 Bng chuyn381.7 B truyn xch391.8 C cu ng gi401.9B hn mp gia411.10Khung my431.11B gia nhit v ct t hai u432.Tnh ton h thng m hnh sn xut khn lnh dit khun bng cng ngh Plasma cho ng c u tin44CHNG 5: CH TO V THC NGHIM471.Vi khun T cu vng (Staphylococcus aureus)471.1Gii thiu v vi khun T cu vng (Staphylococcus aureus)471.2Tc hi gy ra ca vi khun T cu vng (Staphylococcus aureus)482. Th nghim v kh nng dit khun vi bng cng ngh Plasma lnh492.1 Chun b th nghim492.2 Dng c th nghim492.3. Trnh t th nghim50Bng thng s x l ca cc mu vi th nghim:502.4. Tin hnh th nghim512.5. Kt qu th nghim522.6. nh gi hiu sut kh trng ca Plasma lnh ln khn t ph khun532.7. Kt lun55KT LUN V KIN NGH56TI LIU THAM KHO57

DANH MC HNH NH

Hnh 1: Quy trnh sn xut khn lnh hin nay12Hnh 2: Phi bao b13Hnh 3: Phi vi13Hnh 4: Quy trnh sn xut khn lnh hin nay16Hnh 5: Tia Plasma (a - Plasma t nhin; b - Plasma nhn to)18Hnh 6: S chuyn bin vt cht theo nhit 19Hnh 7: Quy trnh sn sut khn lnh, dit khun bng cng ngh Plasma20Hnh 8: Gc oxy ha bc cao OH- ph v cu to ca t bo vi khun21Hnh 9: Cc cc bn tia plasma21Hnh 10: M hnh dng ng25Hnh 11: M hnh dng tm26Hnh 12: Bung plasma phng n 127Hnh 13: M hnh phng n 227Hnh 14: Thanh in cc ng 8 di 530mm28Hnh 15: Thanh in cc inox 8 di 530mm28Hnh 16: Thanh in cc vnfram29Hnh 17: Thanh in cc nhm29Hnh 18: nh v in cc bn trong ng30Hnh 19: nh v in cc bn ngoi30Hnh 20: S m hnh31Hnh 21: Bung x l plasma32Hnh 22: C cu xp khn33Hnh 23: C cu thm nc v p nc34Hnh 24: C cu ct vi36Hnh 25: C cu xp i37Hnh 26: Bng chuyn38Hnh 27: B truyn xch39Hnh 28: C cu ng gi40Hnh 29: B hn mp gia41Hnh 30: B gia nhit v ct t hai u43Hnh 31: Nguyn l o lc45Hnh 32: Vi khun t cu vng47Hnh 33: Vi khun t cu vng47Hnh 34: Bn th nghim, Hnh 35: Thng bo qun49Hnh 36: Tin hnh th nghim51Hnh 37: My x l b mt ang lm vic51Hnh 38: Chng m, Hnh 39: Chng dng52

CHNG 1: GII THIU1. Tnh cp thit ca tiV kch thc nh gn, d dng vn chuyn, bo qun, gi thnh r (450/ci) v rt thun tin cho vic s dng nn khn lnh ngy cng c s dng rt ph bin, c bit l cc nh hng, khch sn, bn tu xe cc thnh ph. Tuy nhin theo tm hiu ca nhm, qu trnh sn xut khn lnh n cha nhiu nguy c gy nh hng n sc khe ngi tiu dng v gy nhim mi trng. C th, theo Hnh 1 - quy trnh sn xut khn lnh hin nay phi vi c ly t cun 1 (phi vi c nhp khu hon ton t Trung Quc cha qua x l), sau s c xp lm 4 phn qua c cu xp vi, tip theo s c thm t vo dung dch (cht bo qun v hng liu), sau s c gp i v ng gi thnh sn phm.

Hnh 1: Quy trnh sn xut khn lnh hin nayVi quy trnh trn, phi vi s khng c x l tit trng m c a thng vo qu trnh sn xut v ng gi. Chnh v l quy trnh sn xut khn lnh hin nay cn tn ti mt s nhc im sau: Vi khn lnh cha qua dit khun nn vn cn cha cc vi khun, nm mc gy bnh c ng gi a vo s dng. S dng nhiu ha cht bo qun v to mi thm gy nhim mi trng v c bit l gy kch ng da ngi s dng.

Hnh 2: Phi bao b

Hnh 3: Phi vi bo qun trong thi gian lu di, vi s c a vo dung dch (cc loi ha cht bo qun + hng liu) vi nng nht nh. Cc loi ha cht v hng liu ny c pha trn vi ngun gc v xut x t Trung Quc. Trc nhng vn nh trn, vic nghin cu v thit k m hnh x l khn lnh bng cng ngh mi lm sch vi, khng gy nhim, tit kim nng lng v khng s dng ha cht ang tr thnh mt vn cp thit. Ngy nay, cng ngh Plasma lnh ang c ng dng rng ri trong lnh vc ty khun nh tit trng dng c y t, x l nc thi, x l nc ung... So vi nhng cng ngh truyn thng th cng ngh Plasma ch s dng in nng to ra cc cht oxy ha bc cao dng dit khun. Do , vic s dng cng ngh Plasma lnh em li nhiu hiu qu nh tit kim nng lng, khng s dng ha cht, khng gy nhim mi trng. Do vy ng dng cng ngh Plasma lnh vo quy trnh sn xut khn lnh nhm thay th vic s dng ha cht bo qun tr thnh vn cp thit Vi phng hng gii php trn nhm chng ti nghin cu, thit k, tnh ton m hnh x l khn lnh v th nghim kh nng dit khun trn khn lnh bng cng ngh Plasma vi kch thc 2100x500x1100 (mm).2. Mc tiu nghin cu Nghin cu, thit k v tnh ton mt my sn xut khn lnh vi nng sut 120 ci/pht. nh gi cc yu t nh hng n qu trnh x l Plasma. 3. i tng nghin cu v phm vi nghin cu3.1 i tng nghin cu ti s nghin cu, thit k v tnh ton mt m hnh sn xut khn lnh. Nghin cu v th nghim kh nng dit khun ca Plasma lnh trn khn lnh.3.2 Phm vi nghin cu ti tp trung nghin cu, tnh ton v thit k mysn xut khn lnh bng cng ngh Plasma nhit thp trong mi trng p sut thng vi nng sut 120 ci/pht. 4. Phng php nghin cu4.1 C s phng php lun Phng php phn tch ti liu: Tham kho t gio trnh thit k my v ti liu v Plasma v c s h tr t Gio vin hng dn Th.S Thi Vn Phc iu tra thc t: Quan st, nghin cu cc my sn xut khn lnh ang c thnh ph H Ch Minh. Thc hin cc th nghim v kh nng dit khun bng cng ngh Plasma lnh trn khn lnh.4.2 Cc phng php nghin cu c th Phng php tng hp t cc ngun thng tin, tin hnh x l, xut phng n, nguyn l hot ng, thit b ph tr, thc hin thit k m hnh. Tin hnh lm th nghim v phn tch kt qu th nghim. Thit k tnh ton my hon chnh. Tham kho ti liu v thit k my x l nc thi bng cng ngh Plasma

Kt cu ca n tt nghip bao gm 6 chng:Chng 1: Gii thiuChng 2: Tng quan nghin cu tiChng 3: Phng hng v cc gii phpChng 4: xut cng ngh, tnh ton, thit kChng 5: Kt lun v kin ngh

CHNG 2: TNG QUAN NGHIN CU TI1. Tng quan v quy trnh, my mc sn xut khn lnh hin nay

Hnh 4: Quy trnh sn xut khn lnh hin nayTheo quy trnh sn xut khn lnh hin nay, phi vi c kch thc chiu rng ban u l 24cm s c ly t cun 1 a ti c cu xp vi gp thnh 4 phn bng nhau thng qua cc c cu rulo lm cng vi, lc ny chiu rng mng vi s l 6cm. Tip theo phi vi s tip tc c a ti cng on thm t thng qua mt cp rulo X, rulo X c nhim v l ko vi ln theo phng thng ng. Sau khi phi vi c ko ln, vi s b thm t khi nc t vi x xung, tip tc vi t s b cp rulo p nc ko i.Vi tip tc c cp rulo Y ko i, rulo Y c tc dng ko vi, chuyn ng vi t phng ngang thnh phng thng ng chun b a vo hp ct vi. Ti y hai dao ct c b tr trn hai trc quay, c sau 1 vng quay th hai dao ct s tip xc nhau v ct t ming vi.Ti thi im vi ang b ct t th u di ca vi c cp rulo Z ( va lm cng phi vi va a phi vi xung c cu gp i thng qua cc si dy cao su mc trn cc cp rulo Z v H ) ng vai tr l bnh ai mang dy ai b bng ti cun ly a xung c cu xp i khn.C cu xp i khn l mt ming thp c gn trn con trt v trt trn thanh trt gn c nh vi thn my, chuyn ng nh c cu trc khuu lch tm.Vi sau khi xp i c b truyn xch ti ti c cu ng gi, lc ny bao b cng ang c ko ti c cu ng gi nh dng sao cho bao b bc ly vi v ng gi.Tip theo, bn thnh phm c a vo c cu gia nhit hn mp gia, c cu gia nhit bao gm hai bnh xe trc c tc dng gip mp bao b st vo vi nhau, hai bnh xe sau gia nhit lm cho hai m bao b dnh vo vi nhau.Lc ny thnh phm c hn mp gia v c a ti c cu chi qut bng chuyn p khng kh trong bao b ra ngoi chun b a vo c cu ct v hn nhit hai u.Bn thnh phm c a vo hp ct v hn nhit hai u, dao v cc on vn gia nhit c tch hp trn cng mt trc quay, trc cn li b tr i xng. Khi trc quay c mt vng th dao s ct t bn thnh phm ng thi vn gia nhit s hn mp 2 u bn thnh phm.Bn thnh phm c chi qut a ra khi hp gia nhit v hn mp gia. Thnh phm c sn xut xong. S nguyn l xp vi:Phi vi ban uVi khi mi a ra t cun vi, c x l Plasma v c cc rulo

Vi xp lm 4Vi ang c c cu xp vi nh hnh

Vi sau khi xp lm 4Vi khi c rulo X ko ln sau khi i qua c cu xp vi

Vi ang xp iVi c c cu xp i y vo trung im to thnh np gp nm ngang

Vi xp iVi sau khi xp i v chun b a vo ng gi

2. Phn tch nhc im quy trnh sn xut khn lnh hin nay. Gy ra ting n. Dng ha cht bo qun v hng liu. Nng sut thp. ti ca nhm s khc phc c cc nhc im: Gim ting n sinh ra t nhng b phn c va p khi lm vic, hn ch cht bo qun bng s dng dit khun b mt bng cng ngh Plasma, tng nng sut ln 120 ci/pht.3. Gii thiu s lc v Plasma v nguyn l dit khun bng cng ngh Plasma lnh.3.1 Gii thiu v Plasma

Hnh 5: Tia Plasma (a - Plasma t nhin; b - Plasma nhn to) Plasmal trng thi th t ca vt cht (cc trng thi khc lrn,lng,kh) trong cc cht b ion ha mnh. i b phnphn t hay nguyn t ch cn liht nhn, cc electron chuyn ng tng i t do gia cc ht nhn. Plasma khng ph bin trn Tri t tuy nhin trn 99%vt chttrongv trtn ti di dng plasma, v th trong bn trng thi vt cht, plasma c xem nh trng thi u tin trong v tr.

Hnh 6: S chuyn bin vt cht theo nhit Nu s ion ha c xy ra bi vic nhnnng lngt cc dng vt cht bn ngoi nh t ccbc x in tth Plasma cn gi l Plasma lnh. Th d nh i vi hin tng phng in trong cht kh, cc electron bn t catod ra lm ion ha mt s phn t trung ha. Cc electron mi b tch ra chuyn ng nhanh trong in trng v tip tc lm ion ha cc phn t khc. Do hin tng ion ha mang tnh dy chuyn ny, s ng cc phn t trong cht kh b ion ha v cht kh chuyn sang trng thi plasma. Trong thnh phn cu to loi plasma ny c cc ion dng, ion m, electron v cc phn t trung ha.Nu s ion ha xy ra do va chm nhit gia cc phn t hay nguyn t nhit cao th Plasma cn gi lPlasma nng. Khi nhit tng dn, cc electron b tch ra khi nguyn t v nu nhit kh ln, ton b cc nguyn t b ion ha. nhit rt cao, cc nguyn t b ion ha tt , ch cn cc ht nhn v cc electron tch ri khi cc ht nhn.

Nh vo cc c tnh c bit ca Plasma (nng lng ng lc hc ca chm ht electron, cc tia UV c to ra, cc ht mang in tch) nhit thp c ng dng trong vic x l nc thi, x l b mt...Trong ng dng Plasma x l b mt, Plasma c to ra di dng cc ion phn t c phun trc tip ln b mt nha, nhng electron cc dng s c phng vo mng nha to mt lp nhn ni cc vt mc s c lp ph ln to ra s lin kt tt gia lp mc in v mng nha. Ngoi ra, cng ngh Plasma nhit thp cn c s dng kh trng cc dng c nha khoa, cng nh cc dng c y t khc.

3.2 Quy trnh sn xut khn lnh dit khun bng cng ngh Plasma lnh

Hnh 7: Quy trnh sn sut khn lnh, dit khun bng cng ngh Plasma 3.3 Yu cu k thut M hnh phi to ra c plasma nhit thp iu kin p sut thng x l khn lnh; Cch ly vng x l vi mi trng bn ngoi t hiu qu cao nht; m bo cch in an ton cho ngi thao tc v d dng iu khin.3.4 Kh nng dit khun ca PlasmaPlasma bao gm cc ht mang in tch m, in tch dng v cc gc t do, chnh cc gc t do ny vi nng lng hot ha cao s tng tc vi mng t bo, acid nucleic v enzym ca vi khun lm cho vi khun b tiu dit. Cui qu trnh cc gc t do kt hp vi nhau to thnh Oxy v nc khng gy c cho mi trng v ngi s dng.Plasma bao gm cc ht mang in tch nh electrons, ions, cc ht kch thch vi ng nng lng, tia UV v c bit l cc gc oxy ha bc cao nh HO*, O*, H*, H2O2, O3 - y chnh l nhng tc nhn dit khun mnh m nht. Cc tc nhn ny d dng ph v mng t bo hay cu trc DNA ca vi khun, virus, nm mc, lm chng b tiu dit hoc b tn thng m khng phc hi li c. Hnh 8: Gc oxy ha bc cao OH- ph v cu to ca t bo vi khun

3.5 Kh nng x l b mt ca Plasma:

Hnh 9: Cc cc bn tia plasmaNh s phng in gia 2 cc mang in tch to ra cc cht oxi ha bc cao lm ph v lin kt ca vi khun, qua s dit khun hoc ngn s hot ng ca vi khun.4. Cc nghin cu lin quan n ti4.1 Vi khng dt Rayon nguyn liu sn xut khn tVi khng dtdng cun sn xut bi dy chuyn sn xut cng ngh cao kh t100mm 3050mm. Phc v hot ng sn xut khn t,khn lnh v cc loi khc.Sn phm sn xut t nguyn liu cht lng cao:Rayon, Polyester, bt g, loi si mnh to kt dnh cht ch cao. Sn phm c bit n va dng mu m, bn cao, c tnh chn sng v hp th tt, mm mi, d s dng

Tnh nng:mm, t lng ,d s dng, htnc v bn cao, d x l v ch dng mt ln.ng dng:C th s dng lm khn t, khny t hay ngnh du lchDi y l mt s sn phm c mt trong dch v cung cpkhn lnh gi r trong nc hin nay: Khn lnh loi chm bi:Chm bi 01 (70g) - mng v dy: thng dnh qun n ln.Chm bi 02 (75g) - dy: thng dnh cho qun cafe ln, nh hng ln.Chm bi 03 (90g) - loi dy: thng dnh cho bida, nh hng ln.

Khn lnh loi li:Li 01 (50g) - mng v dy: thng dnh cho qun n nh.Li 02 (55g) - dy: thng dnh cho qun cafe nh, nh hng nh.Li 03 (60g) - dy: thng dnh cho nh hng nh.

4.2 Nc gi m cho khn lnh Nc tinh khit RO: + Quy trnh sn xut nc RO + Tm quan trng ca vic s dng nc RO trong khn lnh

Ngy nay, cc c s sn xut khn lnh ti Vit Nam u s dng nc RO thm t vi, nguyn nhn l nu s dng nc my, nc cha qua x l, nc thng thng s lm vi b mc sau khi ng gi trong mt thi gian ngn.

CHNG 3: PHNG HNG V GII PHP CNG NGH1. Nhng yu cu c bn ca ti Xut pht t mi trng lm vic v iu kin s dng m hnh cn c nhng yu cu c bn sau: Hai thanh in cc phi t thng tt nht, dng in phng Plasma phi u, khng c tp trung dng in ch yu ti 1 v tr. B mt khn phi phng, lc cng m bo. Tc chy vi phi m bo Plasma phng ra x l tt b mt dit khun Nng sut x l t 0.4 m/pht, cc b mt trc t bng tt khng try st mng khn. M hnh m bo chy lin tc, khng c dng khi ang x l vi Thao tc d dng,vn hnh n gin; An ton khi s dng: khng xy ra hin tng phng in. Thng s thit k ca h thng: + Tc x l l 0.4 m/pht.+ Hot ng 8/24.+ in p u vo: 220V + in p u ra: 0 10KV+ Tn s: 10 45 KHz+ Cng dng in: 0 2A2. Phng n v gii php thc hinChn phng n thit k l phn rt quan trng trong qu trnh thit k. Chn phng n thit k l qu trnh tm hiu, tnh ton kinh t, phn tch cc phng n tm ra phng n ti u nht, tha mn cc yu cu kinh t, k thut v c hiu qu cao nht.Khi tin hnh thc hin th phi ch ti cc vn sau: + Cc cht kh xc tc ( N2, H2.)+ Mi trng lm vic (p sut, nhit kh quyn)Plasma mun xy ra cng cn phi c iu kin c th ca n (in p, tn s, khong cch gia 2 in cc) trong qu trnh thit k th phi tnh n s phng in ca cc in cc khng xy ra s c khi vn hnh lu ngy.Tin hnh chn ng knh lm vic ca ng thch anh ri t xc nh ra phng n nng, gi ng hp l, khng cho cc tc ng bn ngoi nh hng n ng thch anh (d v).2.1 Phng n chn m hnhPhng n 1

Hnh 10: M hnh dng ngNguyn l hot ng:B mt vi cn x l i qua gia 2 in cc v ln trn ng in cc m, khi gia 2 in cc s phng ra cc ht mang in tch di tn s cao v in p ln sau s bn pha trn b mt phi vi.u im:+ in cc phng ra u+ Tit kim nng lng khi x l+ Gi thnh r+ D lp t v sa cha Nhc im: + Din tch x l nh, nn x l lu

Phng n 2

Hnh 11: M hnh dng tmNguyn l hot ng: B mt vi cn x l c t gia 2 tm in cc c din tch ln v tm cch in. Khi c cung cp nng lng t ngun pht, gia hai tm in cc ny s to ra Plasma.Cc cht oxy ha bt cao, cc ht in tch mang ng nng ln bn ph ln lp b mt phi vi.u im:+ X l c b mt rng;+ Tit kim thi gian x l;Nhc im:+ Cn cng sut ngun pht ra ln;+ Kh ch to, gi thnh cao.+ Bin lun chn phng nT hai phng n trn vi b mt x l m hnh ny l vi, khi vi chy qua m hnh x l phng n th nht th s tit kim nng lng v b mt vi s b try xc do va p ln b mt in cc, cn phng n th hai khi vi chy qua b phn x l th s t ln con ln (in cc m), con ln ny va x l b mt, va ln to phng lm cho b mt vi khng b try xc, vi nhng c im trn th ta nn chn m hnh thit b theo phng n th hai l hp l nht.

2.2 Phng n thc hin thit b m hnhPhng n 1 (S dng in cc dng ngn hn cc m)

Hnh 12: Bung plasma phng n 1Nguyn l hot ngNgun pht plasma ly in t dng xoay chiu, bin i v cung cp nng lng n 2 in cc, nh nng lng cao s ion ha cc phn t kh trong vng xy ra plasma v to ra plasma x l b mt mng vi chy qua. Nhn xt: + u im: in cc dng ngn khng xy ra hin tng r r in nn khng cn phi s dng thm vt liu cch in.+ Nhc im: Nng lng tiu hao nhiu (do phng in d 2 u)Phng n 2 (s dng in cc dng di hn cc m)

Hnh 13: M hnh phng n 2Nguyn l hot ngNgun pht plasma ly in t dng xoay chiu, bin i v cung cp nng lng n 2 in cc, nh nng lng cao s ion ha cc phn t kh trong vng xy ra plasma v to ra plasma x l b mt vi chy qua.

Nhn xt: + u im: Nng lng cung cp x l trn b mt;Khng xy ra hin tng phng in 2 u. + Nhc im: Thit k thm 1 vt liu cch in ngn cch gia cc dng v kt cu m hnh.3. Phng n s dng vt liu in cc trong: Vt liu lm in cc dng y ta chn gia 2 loi l ng (Cu) v thp khng r (SUS 304).Phng n 1: in cc l mt thanh ng di 8

Hnh 14: Thanh in cc ng 8 di 530mm+ u im: Dn in cao, chu nhit tt; ng mm nn gia cng d dng.+ Nhc im: Do ng mm nn thng khng cao, xy ra hin tng phng in khng u.Phng n 2: in cc l mt thanh inox di 8

Hnh 15: Thanh in cc inox 8 di 530mm

+ u im: Chu nhit tt; cng inox cao nn thanh inox lun t thng tt. + Nhc im: Dn in khng tt bng cc kim loi khc;Gia cng cn phi c dng c tt.

Phng n 3: in cc l mt thanh vnfram.

Hnh 16: Thanh in cc vnfram+ u im: cng v chu nhit cao; Phng in tt+ Nhc im: Kch c chiu di thanh ngn; c cu ny th kh ni vi dng in.

Phng n 4: in cc l mt thanh nhm

Hnh 17: Thanh in cc nhm+ u im: R tin, d gia cng;Phng in tng i tt.

+ Nhc im: Nhm mm nn thng thp;D b oxi ha.4. Phng n nh v thanh in cc: Phng n 1: nh v in cc trong ng thch anh

Hnh 18: nh v in cc bn trong ng+ u im S dng c cu nh v trong ng n gin; Chi ph cho c cu nh v thp; Trnh c hin tng r r in ln kt cu my.+ Nhc im Kh m bo song song gia 2 in cc (ph thuc vo tay ngi iu chnh); Dng in ngun khi a vo cc dng phc tp hn.

Phng n 2: nh v in cc v ng thch anh theo ming nha c gia cng.

Hnh 19: nh v in cc bn ngoi+ u im : m bo song song gia 2 in cc; Dng in ngun khi a vo cc dng gin.+ Nhc im: Xy ra hin tng r r in; yu cu gia cng c cu nh v chnh xc.5. La chn phng n Da vo nhng iu kin lm vic, v kinh t, nhng u khuyt im trong qu trnh lm vic, ta chn phng n 2 l s dng thanh in cc dng di hn in cc m. La chn loi vt liu: T 2 loi vt liu trn u c u v khuyt im, nhng yu cu trong m hnh x l nha l 2 tia in cc phi phng in u, thng gia 2 in cc cao nn ta chn phng n 2 l s dng vt liu lm in cc dng l thanh inox 8 di 530mm. La chn c cu nh v cho in cc dng: T 2 c cu nh v trn u c kh phng in u ln b mt mng nha. Nhng vi s la chn u tin ca khch hng v chnh xc n gin nht th ta nn chn phng n nh v th 2.6. H thng kt cu m hnh6.1 M hnh thc nghim

Hnh 20: S m hnh 6.2 Thuyt minh m hnh thc nghim

Phi vi sau khi i t cun vi, s i qua Rulo (in cc m), lc thanh inox (in cc dng) s bn cc tia plasma ln b mt phi vi, vi khun s b ph hy hoc b c ch khng hot ng c.

CHNG 4: THIT K V TNH TON H THNG SN XUT KHN LNH DIT KHUN BNG CNG NGH PLASMA1. Thit k h thng sn xut khn lnh dit khun bng cng ngh Plasma1.1 Bung dit khun b mt phi vi bng Plasma

Hnh 21: Bung x l plasma1.1.1 Yu cu k thut m bo song song gia hai in cc Ngn s phng in gia hai u in cc Hn ch kh ozon thot ra ngoi B mt trc rulo gia cng cp chnh xc IT71.1.2 Chn vt liu Nhm: ng rulo Thch anh: ng mang in cc dng Inox: Trc mang in cc dng Thp CT3: Cc thanh ch L Mica: Bung Plasma1.1.3 Nguyn l hot ng Dng in 220v qua cc gim p 15v i vo mch Plasma, sau dng in i qua cc tng p, lc ny dng in i vo 2 in cc c in p v tn s cao sinh ra tia Plasma. Vi i t cun vi c ko qua bung x l Plasma. Ti y phi vi s i qua 2 in cc, in cc dng l trc inox, in cc m l trc rulo, tia Plasma c phng tri u t in cc dng ln in cc m, lc sinh ra ozon, tia UV, nhm OH s dit khun hoc c ch vi khun. 1.1.4 Phng n gia cng Thanh ch L: Hn 2 ming thp, khoan 2 l chnh v 2 l ph bt bulong ng rulo: Gia cng p lc tm nhm thnh ng nhm, tin tinh b mt tr v 2 mt u, khot l cha ln Bung Plasma: Ct cc tm mica v dn vi nhau bng silicon1.1.5 Bo tr bo dng Tra du nht vo ln nh k Lau sch b mt trc rulo sau khi sn xut1.2 C cu xp khn

Hnh 22: C cu xp khn1.2.1 Yu cu k thut bng ca cc thanh nh hnh vi phi t yu cu, gia cng cp chnh xc IT7, hn ch ma st gia vi v cc thanh khng song song gia 2 l trn c 2 thanh trt C kh nng iu chnh khong cch gia 2 thanh trt1.2.2 Chn vt liu Cc thanh nh hnh vi: Thp tm CT3 Thanh trt, Trc trt: Thp C451.2.3 Nguyn l hot ng Vi sau khi c x l dit khun Plasma s c cc rulo dn hng ko ra lm cng vi sau c a vo c cu xp vi C cu xp vi gm 2 thanh trt di trt trn trc trt gn vi thn my, mi thanh trt ln lt mang 2, 3 thanh nh hnh vi. Vi trc khi c Rulo pha trn cao ko ln s i qua cc khe rnh c hnh ch M do cc thanh nh hnh vi xen nhau to thnh, ng thi s lm vi c xp lm 4 phn.1.2.4 Phng n gia cng Thanh trt: Hn, Phay mt u, Khot doa 2 l trt Trc trt: Tin mt u, tin tr, khoan l taro ren Cc thanh nh hnh vi: Hn Oxy-acetilen1.2.5 Bo tr bo dng Tra du nht vo phn chi tit c trt Lau sch bi bn sau khi sn xut1.3 C cu thm nc v p nc

Hnh 23: C cu thm nc v p nc

1.3.1 Yu cu k thut khng song song gia cc trc cha rulo nhm b mt rulo Trc khng b r khi lm vic1.3.2 Chn vt liu Bc trc, Trc mang rulo: Thp C45 Chu nc: Thp CT3 Rulo: Nha1.3.3 Nguyn l hot ng Vi sau khi xp s c cp Rulo bn phi ko ln, y l cp rulo ch ng c tc dng chnh ko vi t lc vi cn trong phi. Vi nc x dung dch (nc, hng liu, cht bo qun) chy xung vi lm t vi, lng nc d c chu hng li a xung thng khuy to thnh mt chu trnh khp kn. Lng nc ch cn lm m vi nn cp rulo bn tri s ko vi sang bn tri ng thi p nc d ang cha trong vi.1.3.4 Phng n gia cng Chu nc: Dp tm, Hn gi cc tm thp li vi nhau Trc rulo v Rulo: Tin, ln nhm b mt rulo Bc trc: Tin, Phay, Khoan khot doa1.3.5 Bo tr bo dng Tra du nht vo ln trong bc trc nh k

1.4 C cu ct vi

Hnh 24: C cu ct vi1.4.1 Yu cu k thut n hi ca 2 l xo phi bng nhau khng song song gia 4 trc ni khung ct vi h ca con trt v rnh trt bng ca b mt trt cng ca dao thp gi ct vi khng song song ca 2 trc cha dao1.4.2 Chn vt liu Trc ni khung, trc cha dao, trc ni khung, tm trt: Thp C45 Dao ct: Thp gi L xo: Thp l xo1.4.3 Nguyn l hot ng Vi c a vo vng ct nh rulo pha trn ko vi t c cu p nc i ra, phng chy vi t nm ngang chuyn sang thng ng. Trc cha dao c truyn ng bi b truyn bnh rng n khp ngoi pha sau my, 2 trc cha dao mang dao thp gi, mt trc mang dao ct, mt trc mang dao tht, rng buc sao cho c sau 1 vng quay th 2 dao chm nhau v ct t vi. dao khng b mn va p khi ct, trc dao tht c gn trn tm thp c nh nm pha bn phi khung ct vi, trc dao ct c gn trn tm thp di trt nm pha bn tri c n hi nh l xo. Khi ct, 2 dao va p vo nhau v trc dao ct s chuyn ng sang tri gip gim mn dao.1.4.4 Phng n gia cng: Khung ct vi: Phay mt u, phay mt bn, khoan l, taro ren Trc ni khung: Tin mt u v mt trc, taro ren ngoi, khoan l, taro ren Tm trt: Phay mt u, Khoan khot doa l cha ln, khoan l, taro ren Trc cha dao: Tin mt u, tin tr ngoi, phay mt u, khoan, taro ren1.4.5 Bo tr bo dng Tra du nht vo rnh trt, bnh rng, ln nh k gim ma st Thay dao khi dao b mn do va p khi ct vi V sinh dao v rnh trt sch s trc v sau khi sn xut1.5 C cu xp i vi

Hnh 25: C cu xp i1.5.1 Yu cu k thut Tm y phi nm ngang m bo vung gc vi vi khi chun b xp bng ca trc trt v l trt cao, gia cng cp chnh xc IT7 Bc trc v trc dn ng phi vung gc vi thnh my khng song song gia 2 l trn thanh truyn1.5.2 Chn vt liu Tm y: Thp CT3 Trc trt, Con trt, Thanh truyn, Trc quay, Bc trc: Thp C451.5.3 Nguyn l hot ng Vi sau khi b ct t c bng chuyn a xung chun b xp lm 2. C cu xp i vi s bin chuyn ng quay thanh chuyn ng tnh tin thng qua trc quay nh lch tm v thanh truyn, thanh truyn truyn ng cho con trt trt trn trc trt lm cho tm y chuyn ng tnh tin kh hi. Tm y mi khi tnh tin ra xa ht hnh trnh s chm v trung im ming vi lm ming vi gp i li1.5.4 Phng n gia cng Tm y: Dp tm Con trt: Phay mt u, Khoan khot doa l trt Trc trt: Tin tr Thanh truyn: Phay mt u, Khoan khot doa 2 l chnh Bc trc: Tin, Phay, Khoan khot doa l cha ln1.5.5 Bo tr bo dng Tra du nht vo trc trt, ln nh k1.6 Bng chuyn

Hnh 26: Bng chuyn1.6.1 Yu cu k thut khng song song gia cc trc mang bnh ai cng ca dy ai cao su Trc khng b r khi lm vic bng ca rnh mang ai trn bnh ai1.6.2 Chn vt liu Bnh ai: Nhm Dy ai: Cao su Bc trc, Trc bnh ai: Thp C451.6.3 Nguyn l hot ng B truyn ai c tc dng dn hng t sau khi ct n lc chun b a vo c cu ng gi Vi c cc ai cao su ca 2 b truyn ai p vo nhau v a i1.6.4 Phng n gia cng Bc trc: Tin, Phay, Khoan khot doa l cha ln Trc cha bnh ai: Tin Bnh ai: Tin mt u, tin rnh, tin tr ngoi1.6.5 Bo tr bo dng Kim tra cng ca dy ai1.7 B truyn xch

Hnh 27: B truyn xch1.7.1 Yu cu k thut 2 a xch phi nm trn cng 1 mt phng khng song song gia 2 trc a xch S dng xch ng con ln bng ca cc thanh trn mng trt1.7.2 Chn vt liu Mng trt: Thp CT3 Cc b phn xch, a xch l chi tit tiu chun Trc cha a xch: Thp C45 Bc trc: Thp C451.7.3 Nguyn l hot ng B truyn xch c tc dng truyn ti vi v xc nh khong cch gia cc ming vi chun b ng gi. Xch mang cc ngnh c b tr cch u nhau, khi quay cc ngnh s y vi trt trn mng trt a vo c cu ng gi.1.7.4 Phng n gia cng Mng trt: Hn gi Bc trc: Phay mt u, Tin tr, Khoan khot doa Trc mang a xch: Tin tr ngoi, tin mt u1.7.5 Bo tr bo dng Kim tra cng xch Tra nht vo xch nh k1.8 C cu ng gi

Hnh 28: C cu ng gi1.8.1 Yu cu k thut bng ca cc thanh thp tip xc vi bao b Khc phc c ting n do ma st gia bao b v c cu ng gi1.8.2 Chn vt liu Thp tm CT31.8.3 Nguyn l hot ng Bao b c ko ln t phi bao b nm pha di i qua c cu ng gi, c cu gip cho bao b c nh hnh sao cho bc ly ming vi ang t b truyn xch chy vo.1.8.4 Phng n gia cng Dp tm cc ming thp sau hn gi ghp chng li 1.8.5 Bo tr bo dng V sinh c cu ng gi sch s trc v sau khi sn xut1.9 B hn mp gia

Hnh 29: B hn mp gia

1.9.1 Yu cu k thut Tinh chnh c nhit theo yu cu mong mun khng song song gia cc trc mang a quay nhm ca b mt xung quanh ca a quay, ch tip xc vi m bao b Cc a xch nm trn mt mt phng1.9.2 Chn vt liu Khung: Thp C45 Bc trc: Thp C45 Trc: Thp C45 a: Nhm Vng gia nhit: ng Bnh rng: Chi tit tiu chun1.9.3 Nguyn l hot ng Khn lnh sau khi ng gi th phi i qua c cu hn mp gia lm cho mp gia dnh li vi nhau s dng nhit chuyn t nng lng in B hn nhit mp gia gm c 3 thnh phn:+ B phn truyn ng: Nm pha di, truyn ng bnh rng cn v bnh rng n khp + B phn gia nhit: Nm gia, 2 trc trc cun dy ng truyn in vo trc bng c cu chi gp, 2 trc sau khng gia nhit+ B phn lm vic: Nm pha trn, 2 a sau khng gia nhit dng gip 2 m bao b st li vi nhau, 2 a trc gia nhit dng hn 2 mp dnh li vi nhau1.9.4 Phng n gia cng Bc trc: Phay mt u, Tin tr, Khoan khot doa Trc gia nhit: Tin tr ngoi, tin mt u a gia nhit: Tin tr, tin mt u, phay rnh, Khoan khot Khung: Hn gi 1.9.5 Bo tr bo dng: Tra du nht vo b truyn bnh rng nh k1.10 Khung my1.10.1 Yu cu k thut cng vng ca ton khung my, trng tm my thp khng vung gc, khng song song ca cc thanh thp ng1.10.2 Chn vt liu Thp ng vung inox 201 kch thc 40x40 1.10.3 Phng n gia cng Ct t bng my ca Hn in h quang tay1.11 B gia nhit v ct t hai u

Hnh 30: B gia nhit v ct t hai u1.11.1 Yu cu k thut Tinh chnh c nhit theo yu cu khng song song gia 2 trc mang dao khng vung gc gia trc mang dao v thnh my1.11.2 Chn vt liu Khung: Thp C45 Trc mang dao: Thp C45 Tm : Thp C451.11.3 Nguyn l hot ng Khn lnh sau khi hn mp gia s c c cu bng chuyn chi qut p dp thot ht kh tn ng. Khn lnh c a vo hp ct t v hn nhit 2 u. Nguyn l ct t khn lnh ging vi nguyn l ct vi nu. Nguyn l hn 2 u ging vi nguyn l hn nhit mp gia C 2 dao ct c b tr trn di, khi quay c 1 vng th dao s ct t khn lnh ng thi vng gia nhit trn u dao cng s lm cho khn lnh c hn 2 u.1.11.4 Phng n gia cng Khung: Phay mt u, hn in h quang tay, Khoan khot l, taro ren Trc cha dao: Tin mt u, tin tr ngoi, khoan, taro ren Tm : Phay mt u, Khoan khot doa l1.11.5 Bo tr bo dng Tra du nht vo ln nh k.2. Tnh ton h thng m hnh sn xut khn lnh dit khun bng cng ngh Plasma cho ng c u tinSn lng t ra 120 ci/pht, vy 1s ct c 2 ci, s ct c 1 ciChiu di ca 1 ci khn lnh l 20cm = 0,2m

Ta c: Trong : l lc vng (N) l vn tc lm vic ( l cng sut cn (kW)

tnh lc vng ta s tnh bng phng php thc nghim dng cn treo cm tay S minh ha:

Hnh 31: Nguyn l o lcTin hnh o: Ta dng mc cn treo mc vo u ming vi, ko t t cho n khi cun vi chuyn ng v gi vn tc ko khng i, sau nhn vo kim ng h c ch s trn mt cn, l gi tr lc vng ta cn tm.Kt qu o: Ta c: Ta c moment qun tnh tnh theo cng thc hnh xuyn

Trong : l bn knh trc cha vi l bn knh cun vi m l khi lng cun vi v trc cha vi Vy moment qun tnh

Ta c: Ta c Tra bng P1.3 Sch Tnh ton thit k h thng dn ng c kh Tp 1:Ta chn ng c cng sut , kiu ng c 4AA63A4Y3, S vng quay lm vic: Trong : l s rng ca bnh ch ng l bc xchTa chn

Hp gim tc gn theo ng c c h s gim tc l:

CHNG 5: CH TO V THC NGHIM1. Vi khun T cu vng (Staphylococcus aureus)

Hnh 32: Vi khun t cu vng1.1 Gii thiu v vi khun T cu vng (Staphylococcus aureus) Staphylococcus aureus hay T cu vng l mt loi t cu khun gram dng k kh ty nghi v l nguyn nhn thng thng nht gy ra nhim khun trong cc loi t cu. T cu vng l loi vi khun gy nhiu bnh nht v c kh nng khng li nhiu loi khng sinh. S gy bnh ca t cu rt a dng, trong cn quan tm n mt s bnh m t cu gy ra hay gp trong ma h. Hnh 33: Vi khun t cu vng

1.2 Tc hi gy ra ca vi khun T cu vng (Staphylococcus aureus) Bnh nhim khun da v nim mc do t cu l mt bnh thng xy ra vo ma nng nng, nht l cc bnh mn nht, chc u, l lot da. Bnh da c khi to nn cc p-xe to bng ht ng, qu to, u ngn tay nm ngay di da gy au n, st, sng n sung huyt lm c mt vng da. Vi tr s sinh v tr nh, nu b nhim t cu c th gy nn vim da s sinh hoc hi chng bong da tr nh. Bnh c th hin l ngay sau khi c st v da l xut hin hin tng bong lp biu b, ng thi hnh thnh bng nc trn mt din tch da kh rng. Vim da cng c th to thnh cc p-xe nh nh u inh ghim vng da u do vim tc cc chn lng v tuyn m hi, tuyn b. Nhiu trng hp vim to thnh nht (p-xe) da u b v ra do nhiu nguyn nhn khc nhau lm xut tit cc cht huyt tng km theo vi khun t cu ly lan sang vng da khc v gy bnh, c bit l vng da c nhiu lng nh u (tr em v ngi trng thnh), nch. T cu cng gy nn mn u inh (inh ru) l mt bnh nhim khun cp tnh c th nguy him n tnh mng ngi bnh v c nguy c cao gy nhim khun huyt. T cu gy bnh cc c quan su trong c th nh p-xe c honh, p-xe cc c i, bp chn, p-xe phi. Nhng bnh do t cu gy nn da v nim mc c th l ngoi sinh (mi trng bn ngoi xm nhp vo c th v gy bnh) nhng cng c th l do ni sinh (vi khun t cu c ngay trn c th, khi gp iu kin thun li th chng tr nn gy bnh, bi v c ti 20 - 30% ngi lnh mang vi khun ny da v nim mc ng h hp trn). Ma h nng nng, nu thiu nc sinh hot km theo v sinh c nhn khng tt th bnh do t cu cng d pht trin v c khi gy thnh dch mang tnh cht gia nh. Trong bnh vin, vi khun t cu cng c th gy nn cc bnh nhim khun (nhim khun bnh vin) nh nhim khun vt m, nhim khun bng, nhim khun ng h hp (vim hng, vim phi), nhim trng tit niu (nhim khun tit niu thng do t cu hoi sinh), nng nht v nguy him nht l nhim khun huyt v sc nhim khun. T cu cng c th gy nn cc bnh nng nh vim ty xng (gp trong trng hp ng inh ni ty do gy xng), vim tnh mch xoang hang, vim ni tm mc hoc gy vim mng no m. Vo ma h, nu v sinh an ton thc phm khng tt th rt d ng c thc phm, trong ng c do vi khun t cu l thng gp, bi v t cu vng c ngoi c t rt mnh, thm vo , ngoi c t ca t cu vng khc vi cc ngoi c t ca cc vi khun khc l khi nhit 100o C trong vng 15 pht cha b ph hy. Do vy, nu n phi thc phm c t cu vng hoc c t ca chng th nguy c ng c thc phm rt c th xy ra. Ng c thc phm do t cu vng rt d gy ra thnh dch. S d vi khun t cu c kh nng gy nhiu bnh v d xy ra vo ma h l do t cu c nhiu loi ni c t v c bit nht l vi khun t cu sn sinh ra men khng li khng sinh penicillin. chn on vi khun t cu, cn phi nui cy xc nh vi khun, c bit lm khng sinh gip bc s iu tr chn khng sinh thch hp.2. Th nghim v kh nng dit khun vi bng cng ngh Plasma lnh 2.1 Chun b th nghim Mu vi tiu bn c ct ra t phi vi kch thc 5x5 cm c cy vi khun T cu vng (Staphylococcus aureus) nui cy trong ng nghim cha dung dch mi trng nui dng vi khun. 2.2 Dng c th nghim My x l b mt vt liu bng cng ngh Plasma lnh; n cn; Thng (bo qun cc ng nghim cha vi khun); Nhp gp; Bnh xt cn st trng;

Hnh 34: Bn th nghim Hnh 35: Thng bo qun

2.3. Trnh t th nghim Khi ng my tnh, m chng trnh iu khin ng c servo M my x l b mt ln cho phng plasma trong hp x l, kh O3 sinh ra gp phn dit vi khun cn trong hp x l eo bo h nh gang tay, khu trang chun b a tiu bn vi cha vi khun vo x l Cc tiu bn vi trong ng nghim c bo qun trong thng , dng nhp gp ly ra, tri u tiu bn vi trn b mt tm thy tinh (ng thi l in cc). Lu tiu bn vi c tri phng gip cho plasma c phng u trn ton b b mt vi iu chnh cc thng s ca my x l khn lnh nh: in p, tc , cng dng in a tm thy tinh vo my, tin hnh bt my x l Sau khi x l xong, ly tm thy tinh ra, a tiu bn vi vo trong ng nghim sau cho ng nghim vo thng bo qun Mi khi thao tc vi my x l b mt nh ng ca sau khi m hp x l kh O3 khng b thot ra ngoi Bng thng s x l ca cc mu vi th nghim:Tn muin pCng dng inTc x l

S1110V1A0,8 m/ph

S2110V1A1 m/ph

S3110V1A1,2 m/ph

S4110V1A1,4 m/ph

S5110V1A1,6 m/ph

S6110V1A1,8 m/ph

S7110V1A2 m/ph

S8110V1A2,2 m/ph

S9110V1A2,4 m/ph

S10110V0,5A1 m/ph

S11110V1,2A1 m/ph

S12110V1,5A1 m/ph

2.4. Tin hnh th nghim

Hnh 34: Tin hnh th nghim

Hnh 35: My x l b mt ang lm vic

2.5. Kt qu th nghim Hnh 36: Chng m Hnh 37: Chng dng

Chng m (khng x l)Chng m (X l nh S1)Chng m (X l nh S10)

S1S2S3

S4S5S6

S7S8S9

S10S11S12

2.6. nh gi hiu sut kh trng ca Plasma lnh ln khn t ph khunTh 4, ngy 14/01/2015 Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25213

HHiu sut d on (%)Dilution factorHiu sut thc t (%)

101102

coloniesCFU/mlcoloniesCFU/ml

Chng dng0+44441030

Chng m (khng x l)-00X

Chng m (x l nh S1)-00X

Chng m (x l nh S10)-00X

S1110V, 1A, 0.8m/ph>9511102X99.77

S2110V, 1A, 1m/ph>9577102X98.41

S3110V, 1A, 1.2 m/ph>901414102X96.82

S4110V, 1A, 1.4 m/ph>9055102X98.86

S5110V, 1A, 1.6 m/ph>903232102X92.73

S6110V, 1A, 1.8 m/ph>855959102X86.59

S7110V, 1A, 2 m/ph>8588102X98.18

S8110V, 1A, 2.2m/ph>852121102X95.23

S9110V, 1 A, 2.4 m/ph>8099102X97.95

S10110V, 0.5 A, 1 m/ph>801212102X97.27

S11110V, 1.2A, 1 m/ph>8588102X98.18

S12110V, 1.5 A, 1m/ph>9000102X100.00

Ch thch Chng dng: mu c ph khun nhng khng c x l plasma Chng m: mu khng c ph khun (X) : khng th nghim (-) : Khng c s pht trin ca khun (+) : Khng th m c v qu nhiu

2.7. Kt lun

Kt qu ca S6 khng ng tin cy v sai st trong qu trnh lm c th lm mu nhim vi khun bn ngoi, do lng khun ca mu S6 nhiu hn ca nhng mu cn li. Kt qu ca S1 v S12 l chp nhn c v ng tin cy, ta chn cc thng s x l nh sau: in p 110V, cng dng in 1A nu tc x l 0,8 m/ph hoc cng dng in 1,5A nu tc x l 1 m/ph.

KT LUN V KIN NGHKt lunDa trn nhng kt qu nghin cu trong n c mt s kt lun nh sau: Khi iu chnh cc thng s in p, cng dng, tc x l plasma c th nng cao c hiu qu kh khun. M hnh trn c th d dng thay i c cu x l cc loi vi c chiu di, b rng khc nhau. M hnh thit b s dng ngun in p 220V v cng dng in 1,75A. M hnh hot ng vi nng sut va phi, gim gy ra ting n v khng gy nhim mi trng, sn phm khng c hi cho sc khe ngi tiu dngKin nghVi nhng kho st thc hin trong trong lun vn vic nghin cu v cng ngh plasma lnh trong x l nc thi c pht trin c mt s xut sau: M hnh hin ang nghin cu Pht trin v hon thin ti ng dng, phc v cho cc c s sn xut khn lnh ngoi thc t; My sau khi ch to c lp t ph hp trn cc dy chuyn ngoi th trng M rng m hnh a vo tit trng b mt trong thc phm.

Nghin cu m hnh plasma mi: Nghin cu ch to m hnh plasma mi gim khng gian, khi lng ca my vi vt liu ph bin, gi thnh thp Nghin cu vi m hnh mi tng cao hiu sut dit khun vi mc nng lng thp hn Tng cng sut b ngun ln hng kW gim kch thc bung plasma.

TI LIU THAM KHO [1] Nguyn Trng Hip.Thit k chi tit my.Nh xut bn gio dc.[2] Ninh c Tn. S tay dung sai lp ghp. Nh xut bn gio dc.[3] Nguyn Thanh Nam. Gio trnh Phng php thit k k thut. NXB i hc Quc gia Tp HCM[4] Nguyn c Lc. S tay cng ngh Ch to my tp 1;2 NXB KHKT, H Ni 2007.[5] Trn Hu Qu. V k thut c kh tp mt. NXB Gio dc. 2006 [6] Nghim Hng. Kim loi hc v nhit luyn.Trng i hc S phm K thut thnh ph HCM. [7] PGS.TS Hong Trng B.Vt liu phi kim loi. Nh xut bn Khoa hc K thut. 2007[8] Trnh Cht-L Vn Uyn. Tnh ton thit k h dn ng c kh T1. Nh xut bn gio dc Vit Nam.[9] Nguyn Hng Qun-Nguyn Danh Sn. K thut nng chuyn- My vn chuyn T2. Nh xut bn H Quc Gia HCM.

Ngun khc[10] Khi nim v Plasma, link http: //vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasma[11] Ngun: https://www.facebook.com/winatoanphat

TRNG I HC S PHM K THUT TP. HCMCNG HO X HI CH NGHA VIT NAMc lp - T do Hnh phc

KHOA C KH CH TO MYB MN CNG NGH CH TO MY

NHN XT CA GING VIN HNG DNH v tn sinh vin: INH HONG TNMSSV: 10103131 HUNH PH NGUYN MSSV: 10903005 NO TH HONGMSSV: 10903025Tn ti: Nghin cu, thit k v tnh ton m hnh sn xut khn lnh,dit khun bng cng ngh Plasma lnhNgnh o to: C KH CH TO MY Ngi nhn xt: Th.S THI VN PHCC quan cng tc: KIN NHN XT1) Kt cu, cch thc trnh by ATN: 2) Ni dung n: 3) Kt qu t c: .4) Hn ch: 5) Cu hi: ...6) nh gi: c php bo vim: . GING VIN HNG DNKhng c php BV (K, ghi r h tn)

TRNG I HC S PHM K THUT TP. HCMCNG HO X HI CH NGHA VIT NAMc lp - T do Hnh phc

KHOA C KH CH TO MYB MN CNG NGHCH TO MY

NHN XT CA GING VIN PHN BINH v tn sinh vin: INH HONG TNMSSV: 10103131 HUNH PH NGUYNMSSV: 1090305 NO TH HONGMSSV: 10903025Tn ti: Nghin cu, thit k v tnh ton m hnh sn xut khn lnh,dit khun bng cng ngh Plasma lnhNgnh o to: C KH CH TO MY Ngi nhn xt: TS. PHM HUY TUNC quan cng tc: KIN NHN XT1) Kt cu, cch thc trnh by ATN: 2) Ni dung n: 3) Kt qu t c: .4) Hn ch: 5) Cu hi: ...6) nh gi: c php bo vim: . GING VIN PHN BINKhng c php BV (K, ghi r h tn)