B GIO DC V O TOTRNG I HC CNG NGH TP. HCM

KHOA K TON TI CHNH NGN HNG

_______________________________________ N NGHIP V NGN HNG 1

TI:

PHN TCH TNH HNH HOT NG TH TI NGN HNG TMCP XUT NHP KHU VIT NAMEXIMBANK CHI NHNH TP. H CH MINH T NM 2011 2013.Ngnh:

TI CHNHChuyn ngnh: TI CHNH DOANH NGHIPGing vin hng dn: ThS. Chu Vn ThngSinh vin thc hin :

Lp: 12DTDN07

1. Bi L Thanh Chu

1211191670

2. Nguyn Khnh Nguyn1211191601

3. Phm Th Thy Nhi

1211191688

4. L Th Kiu Tin

1211191703

5. Nguyn Th Lan Uyn1211191713

CHNG 1. GII THIU KHI QUT NGN HNG

TMCP XUT NHP KHU VIT NAM EXIMBANK

1.1. Thng tin chung v Eximbank

Eximbankc thnh lp vo ngy 24/05/1989 theo quyt nh s 140/CT ca Ch Tch Hi ng B Trng vi tn gi u tin l Ngn hng Xut Nhp Khu Vit Nam(Vietnam Export Import Bank), l mt trong nhng Ngn hng thng mi c phn u tin ca Vit Nam.

Ngn hng chnh thc i vo hot ng ngy 17/01/1990 v nhn c Giy php hot ng s 11/NH-GP k ngy 06/04/1992 ca Thng c Ngn Hng Nh Nc Vit Nam cho php Ngn hng hot ng trong 50 nm vi s vn iu l ng k l 50 t ng (tng ng 12,5 triu la M ti thi im thnh lp ngn hng). Tn mi l Ngn hng TMCP Xut Nhp Khu Vit Nam (Vietnam Export Import Commercial Joint - Stock Bank), gi tt l Vietnam Eximbank.

1.2. Tnh hnh hot ng kinh doanh ca Eximbank

Cc hot ng kinh doanh ca Eximbank bao gm cc lnh vc ch yu:

- Huy ng vn ngn, trung v di hn theo cc hnh thc gi tit kim, tin gi thanh ton, chng ch tin gi

- Tip nhn vn y thc u t

- Nhn vn t cc t chc tn dng trong v ngoi nc

- Cho vay ngn, trung v di hn

- Chit khu thng phiu, cng tri v giy t c gi

- Dch v thanh ton v pht hnh th ni a, th quc t Visa, MasterCard, VisaDebit

- Dch v ngn qu

- Dch v ti chnh trn gi dnh cho du hc sinh

- Dch v t vn ti chnh

- Mua bn tri phiu doanh nghip

- Cc dch v ngn hng khc,

1.3. T chc b my qun l ca Eximbank

1.3.1. C cu t chc b my qun lS 1: C cu t chc ca Eximbank chi nhnh H Ch Minh

Hin ti, Eximbank chi nhnh H Ch Minh bao gm cc phng ban: Phng Tn Dng C Nhn, Phng Tn Dng Doanh Nghip, Phng K Ton Tng Hp, Phng Kinh Doanh Th, Phng Ngn Qu, Phng Khch Hng C Nhn, Phng Khch Hng Doanh Nghip, Phng Thanh Ton Xut Khu, Phng Thanh Ton Nhp Khu, Phng Hnh Chnh Nhn S.

1.3.2. Chc nng, nhim v tng b phnGim c: Quyt nh tt c cc vn lin quan n hot ng u t kinh doanh ca ngn hng, quyt nh nhng thay i di hn p ng i hi pht trin ca Chi nhnh v th trng ti khu vc kinh doanh.

Ph Gim c: H tr Gim c trong vic iu hnh hat ng kinh doanh, truyn t v nh hng k hach kinh doanh ca ngn hng cho ph hp vi k hach, qun l v pht trin mng li khch hng cng nh cc li th cnh tranh ca ngn hng, m bo tnh chnh xc v y trong cc bo co hat ng cho Ban TngGim c, xy dng v duy tr nhng mi quan h i ngai thch hp nhm tng v th cho ngn hng trn th trng

Phng tn dng c nhn v doanh nghip: c chc nng t chc qun l, trin khai cc hot ng cho vay v cho vay u t.

Phng k ton tng hp: gim st hot ng sn xut kinh doanh theo ng cc chun mc v Lut k ton hin hnh nhm phn nh kp thi, chnh xc, y cc hot ng kinh doanh ca ngn hng

Phng ngn qu: c trch nhim thu tin t cc chi nhnh thuc h thng, iu chuyn tin gia cc chi nhnh trong ngy, kim tra, i chiu chng t lin quan n thu chi tin mt.

Phng kinh doanh th: c chc nng pht hnh, kch hot th cho khch hng. T vn v gii p thc mc ca khch hng trc tip hoc qua in thoi.

Phng khch hng c nhn/doanh nghip: chu trch nhim x l cc yu cu ca khch hng/doanh nghip v ti khon tin gi, thc hin tt c cc giao dch nhn tin gi v rt tin bng ni ngoi t ca khch hng/doanh nghip, thc hin cc giao dch thu i v mua bn ngoi t, cc giao dch thanh ton chuyn tin,

Phng thanh ton xut/nhp khu: kim sot cc thng bo kim tra chng t nhp khu, xut khu, thng bo nh thu, thng bo th tn dng. T vn khch hng xut khu lp b chng t ph hp, x l cc khiu ni, cc vn pht sinh lin quan n nghip v.

Phng hnh chnh nhn s: theo di tnh hnh c s vt cht, thc hin cng tc hnh chnh, qun l cng vn, qun l nhn s theo cc ni quy, quy ch, lp k hoch v duy tr v pht trin ngun nhn lc.

1.4. nh hng pht trin ca Eximbank

1.4.1. Tm nhn pht trin

Eximbank tn dng cc c hi th trng duy tr tc tng trng hp l, bn vng, cng c nn tng, nng tm v th v xy dng Eximbank tr thnh ngn hng TMCP hin i, l ni cc c ng, nh u t, khch hng v cc i tc lun yn tm v hiu qu u t v an ton ng vn, l ngn hng cung cp a dng cc sn phm, dch v ti chnh ngn hng cht lng cao, l mt thng hiu c uy tn trong lnh vc ti chnh ngn hng v c nhiu ng gp cho cng ng v x hi.

1.4.2. Mc tiu pht trin

- N lc phn u tr thnh mt trong ba ngn hng TMCP hng u ti Vit Nam.

- Tip tc pht huy th mnh l mt ngn hng c nn tng khch hng l cc doanh nghip xut khu khp c nc, ng thi y mnh pht trin h thng ngn hng bn l, c bit l phc v cho khch hng c nhn.

- y mnh p dng cc chun mc quc t vo trong hot ng ca ngn hng.

CHNG 2. PHN TCH TNH HNH HOT NG TH TI NGN HNG TMCP XUT NHP KHU VIT NAM EXIMBANK

2.1 Tng quan v th thanh ton ca Eximbank

2.1.1 Khi nim th thanh ton

Th thanh ton l phng tin thanh ton khng dng tin mt, do ngn hng hoc cc cng ty ln pht hnh th cp cho khch hng s dng thanh ton tin hng ho dch vhoc rt tin mt cc my rt tin t ng hay ti cc ngn hng i l trong phm vi s d ca mnh ti khon tin gi hoc hn mc tn dng c cp theo hp ng k kt gia ngn hng pht hnh th v ch th.2.1.2 c im th thanh ton

- Th khng qui nh thi hn xut trnh v ch th c quyn s dng n nhiu ln cho n khi no s dng ht s tin trn ti khon.- Th thanh ton l loi th ch danh, khng th chuyn nhng bng th tc k hu nh sc.- Th thanh ton lm bng nha theo mu ring ca tng t chc pht hnh.

-Tnh tin ch: th c coi l cng c thanh ton u vit nht trong s cc cng c thanh ton phi thng mi.

- Tnh an ton v nhanh chng: thng qua h thng chuyn tin in t EFTS v h thng thanh ton b tr lin ngn hng CHIPS- Tnh linh hot: th thanh ton pht hnh rt a dng, nhiu chng loi khc nhau thch hp vi mi i tng trong x hi.2.1.3 Phn loi th thanh ton

2.1.3.1 Theo phm vi s dng th: Th tn dng ni a: l th c gii hn s dng trong phm vi mt quc gia do vy ng tin giao dch phi l ng bn t nc . i vi loi th ny c nhc im l vic s dng ch gii hn trong phm vi mt quc gia v vy vic kinh doanh s khng hiu qu nu c s chp nhn th t.

Th tn dng quc t: l th s dng cc loi ngoi t mnh thanh ton, c chp nhn trong phm vi ton cu. i vi loi Th ny c h tr, qun l trn ton th gii bi cc t chc ti chnh ln nh MasterCard, Visa hot ng thng nht, ng b. Th quc t rt c a chung v tnh an ton, tin li ca n.

2.1.3.2 Theo ch th pht hnh th: Th do ngn hng pht hnh: L loi th do ngn hng pht hnh gip cho khch hng s dng linh ng ti khon ca mnh ti ngn hng hoc s dng s tin do ngn hng cp tn dng. y l loi th c s dng rng ri nht hin nay, khng ch trong phm vi mt quc gia m cn trn phm vi ton cu. V d nh : Visa, MasterCard, JCB.

Th do cc t chc phi ngn hng pht hnh: c th l cc loi th du lch, gii tr ca cc tp on kinh doanh ln hoc cng c th l th do cc cng ty xng du, cc ca hiu ln pht hnh, v d : Th DinnerClub, Amex.

2.1.3.3 Theo cng ngh sn xut:

Th khc ch ni (Embossed card): l loi th m trn b mt c khc ni cc thng tin cn thit.

Th bng t (Magnetic stripe): c sn xut da trn k thut nhng thng tin ca th v ch th c m ha trn bng t mt sau ca th. Th ny c s dng ph bin trong vng hai mi nm tr li y nhng c th b li dng ly cp tin do c mt s nhc im nh: thng tin ghi trong th hp v mang tnh c nh khng th p dng k thut m ha an ton, c th c c d dng bng thit b gn vi my tnh.

Th thng minh (Smart card): y l th h mi nht ca th, n c thit lp da trn k thut vi x l tin hc, gn vo th mt chip in t c cu trc ging nh mt my tnh hon ho. Th c tnh an ton v bo mt rt cao. Tuy nhin, th ny c lm t cng ngh mi, c nhiu u im nn gi thnh cn cao, h thng my mc chp nhn th cng t nn s dng cn cha ph bin nh th t.

2.1.3.4 Theo tnh cht thanh ton th:

Th tn dng (Credit Card): y l loi th c s dng ph bin nht, theo ch th c s dng mt hn mc tn dng quy nh khng tr li (nu ch th hon tr s tin s dng ng thi hn) mua hng ho, dch v ti nhng c s, ca hng kinh doanh, khch sn chp nhn loi th ny.

Th ghi n (Debit Card): y l loi th c lin quan trc tip vi ti khon tin gi ca ch th. Khi mua hng ho, dch v, gi tr giao dch s c khu tr ngay lp tc vo ti khon ca ch th thng qua cc thit b in t t ti ni tip nhn th.

Th rt tin mt t ng (Cash Card): L loi th ghi n cho php ch th s dng th rt tin mt t ti khon ca ch th ti cc my rt tin t ng (ATM) hoc ti ngn hng v s dng cc dch v khc m my ATM cung ng.

2.1.4 Vai tr v li ch ca th thanh ton

Vai tr ca th:i vi nn kinh t: Thanh ton bng th gip loi b mt khi lng tin mt rt ln l ra phi lu chuyn trc tip trong lu thng thanh ton cc khon mua hng, tr tin dch v trong c ch th trng ang ngy cng si ng, pht trin tt c cc nc, loi hnh thanh ton ny cng khng i hi nhiu th tc giy t. Do s tit kim c mt khi lng ng k v chi ph in n, chi ph bo qun, vn chuynVi hnh thc thanh ton hin i, nhanh chng, an ton, hiu qu ny s thc y nn kinh t pht trin, gip nh nc qun l nn kinh t c v vi m v v m. Vic p dng cng ngh hin i ca vic pht hnh v thanh ton th quc t s to iu kin cho vic hi nhp nn kinh t Vit Nam vi nn kinh t th gii.

i vi ton x hi: Th l mt trong nhng cng c hu hiu gp phn thc hin bin php kch cu ca nh nc. Thm vo , chp nhn thanh ton th gp phn to mi trung thu ht khch du lch v cc nh u t, ci thin mi trng vn minh thng mi v vn minh thanh ton, nng cao hiu bit ca dn c v cc ng dng cng ngh tin hc trong phc v i sng. Hn na thanh ton th to iu kin cho s ho nhp ca quc gia vo cng ng quc t v nng cao h s an ton x hi trong lnh vc tin t.

Li ch ca th.

i vi ch th:Tin li: Ch th c th s dng th thanh ton tin hng ho, dch v, rt tin mt hoc tip nhn mt s dch v ngn hng ta cc c s chp nhn thanh ton th, my ATM, cc ngn hng thanh ton th trong v ngoi nc. Khi dng th thanh ton, ch th c th chi tiu trc, tr tin sau (i vi th tn dng), hoc c th thc hin dch v mua bn hng ho ti nhAn ton: Cc loi th thanh ton lm bng cng ngh cao, ch th c cung cp m s c nhn nn m bo b mt tuyt i, cc khon tin c chuyn trc tip vo ti khon cho nn trnh mt mt hoc trm cp.Linh hot: Khi s dng th tn dng c th gip khch hng iu chnh cc khon chi tiu mt cch hp l trong mt khong thi gian nht nh vi hn mc tn dng, to nhiu iu kin thun li trong tiu dng, sinh hot cng nh sn xut.i vi c s chp nhn th:Cung ng dch v c chp nhn thanh ton th s gip bn c nhiu hng hn, do tng doanh s, gim chi ph bn hng, tng li nhun. ng thi chp nhn thanh ton bng th gp phn lm cho ni bn hng tr nn vn minh, hin i, to cm gic thoi mi cho khch hng khi n giao dch, thu ht c nhiu khch hng n vi ca hng. Cc khon tin bn hng c chuyn trc tip vo ti khon ngn hng do an ton v thun tin hn trong qun l ti chnh k ton.i vi ngn hng:- Ngn hng pht hnh th (NHPHT): Thc hin tham gia thanh ton th, ngn hng c th a dng ho cc dch v ca mnh, thu ht c nhng khch hng mi lm quen vi dch v th v cc dch v khc do ngn hng cung cp, va gi c nhng khch hng c. Mt khc thng qua hot ng pht hnh, thanh ton th ngn hng c th thu ht mt ngun vn ln b sung vo ngun vn ngn hn t hot ng thu ph v li do vic pht hnh th mang li. Cng thng qua , uy tn v danh ting ca ngn hng c nng ln nh vic cung cp cc dch v y (full service).- Ngn hng thanh ton th (NHTTT): Ngn hng thu ht c nhi khch hng n vi ngn hng mnh, s dng cc sn phm do ngn hng cung cp. T lm tng doanh thu, tng li nhun thng qua hot ng thu ph chit khu i l t hot ng thanh ton i l. Qua cng lm tng uy tn ca ngn hng trong nn kinh t.2.2. Phn tch tnh hnh hot ng th ti ngn hng Eximbank

2.2.1. Phn tch nghip v pht hnh th

2.2.1.1. Cc ch th tham gia

Hot ng kinh doanh th din ra theo mt chu trnh khp kn, bao gm nhiu ch th tham gia. C th khi qut chung li nh sau:

Ngn hng pht hnh NHPH

Ngn hng thanh ton NHTT

Ch th

C s chp nhn th, im n tin mt CSCNT

Ngn hng i l NHL

T chc th quc t - TCTQT

Mt ngn hng thanh ton c th ng thi l ngn hng pht hnh. Khi ch th chi tiu ti mt c s chp nhn th ca mt NHTT ng thi l NHPH, cc ch th tham gia quy trnh thanh ton ch gm ch th, CSCNT v NH

Ngn hng pht hnhTrong vic pht hnh th thanh ton quc t th Ngn hng pht hnh phi l thnh vin chnh thc ca cc T chc th quc t. vic s dng th mang li hiu qu kinh t cao, ngn hng pht hnh phi l ngn hng c uy tn trong nc v quc t.

Ngn hng pht hnh cng c th l ngn hng thanh ton.

Ngn hng thanh tonNgn hng thanh ton l thnh vin chnh thc hoc lin kt ca t chc th quc t, hoc nhng ngn hng c ngn hng pht hnh y quyn lm trung gian thanh ton gia ch th v ngn hng pht hnh. Ngn hng thanh ton c trch nhim tr tin cho cc CSCNT cung cp hng ha, dch v cho ch th, hoc im ng tin mt trc khi ch th thanh ton li cho ngn hng pht hnh.

Ngn hng thanh ton cng cung cp v c trch nhim i vi nhng my mc, thit b chuyn dng v ha n thanh ton cho cc CSCNT.

C s chp nhn thCSCNT l n v cung ng hng ha, dch v chp nhn thanh ton bng th. CSCNT phi k hp ng chp nhn thanh ton th vi ngn hng thanh ton v phi c ti khon ti . Nu iu kin, CSCNT s c cung cp cc my mc, thit b, ha n phc v thanh ton th.

Mt s iu kin tr thnh CSCNT: L cc t chc, cng ty, c nhn c kinh doanh hng ha hoc cung cp dch v hp php, c a im kinh doanh v hot ng kinh doanh thun li, cam kt tun th mi quy nh, lut l ca T chc th quc t v ngn hng, khng nm trong danh sch cc CSCNT c ri ro cao hoc c vn v nng lc ti chnh, kh nng tr n, trch nhim thanh ton

Ngn hng i lL t chc trung gian c y quyn ca Ngn hng thanh ton chp nhn thanh ton th hoc xy dng mng li CSCNT. Ngn hng i l ng vai tr nh mt CSCNT.

Ch thL ngi c ngn hng pht hnh cho php s dng th, c hp ng k kt y . Ch th l ngi duy nht c quyn s dng th thanh ton tin hng ha, dch v ti CSCNT hoc rt tin mt ti ngn hng i l hoc my ATM.

T chc th Quc tL hip hi cc t chc ti chnh, tn dng tham gia pht hnh v thanh ton th quc t gm: T chc th Visa, t chc th Mastercard, cng ty th American Express, cng ty th JCB

Mi lin h gia cc ch th ca th c th hin qua m hnh v chu trnh ca mt giao dch thanh ton hng ha dch v hay rt tin mt. Bt u t ch th n CSCNT hay ngn hng i l, qua ngn hng v t chc th quc t cho n khi ch th thanh ton cho NHPH v nhng khon chi tiu ca mnh. Chu trnh ny c tnh khp kn v thng nht, cc ch th c mi lin h cht ch vi nhau, qua hnh thnh nn mt mng li thanh ton th rng khp trn ton th gii v khch hng c th c phc v bt c ni u m h cn. iu ny cng c th hin bi quy m mang tnh ton cu ca h thng thanh ton th Visa, MasterCard2.2.1.2. Quy trnh pht hnh th.

2.2.1.2.1. Hot ng pht hnh.

Khi pht hnh th, ngn hng pht hnh phi tin hnh nhiu hot ng khc nhau c lin quan nh:

T chc cc hot ng tip th, tuyn truyn cho ngi s dng th.

Thm nh v xt duyt n xin pht hnh th.

Quyt nh cp hn mc tn dng cho ch th.

Thit k mu v t in th trng theo mu quy nh.

Pht hnh th mi v pht hnh li th ht hn.

M ha th, cp m s c nhn cho ch th.

X l, cp php thanh ton th theo ng quy nh ca t chc th quc t.

Cung cp cc dich v tr gip khch hng.

Thanh ton cc giao dch s dng th ca ch th vi cc ngn hng thanh ton thng qua t chc th quc t.

X l cc tra sot, khiu kin ca khch hng.

T chc thu n v theo di vic tr n ca khch hng.

Theo di v xy dng h thng qun k ri ro.

2.2.1.2.2. i tng pht hnh v phm vi s dng th

i tng pht hnh:

Thng thng th tn dng c pht hnh cho cc i tng c nhn l ngi bn x hoc ngi nc ngoi c y t cch, quyn v ngha v cng dn ( thng l t 18 tui tr ln), sng v lm vic hp php ti quc gia pht hnh th, c cc t chc ni c nhn cng tc ng ra yu cu NHTM cho c nhn s dng th vi trch nhim thanh ton ca chnh t chc ( i vi th cng ty); nu l th c nhn th c nhn phi c thu nhp n nh hoc phi c tin k qu , chng t c gi dng th chp , cm c ti ngn hng theo ch tn dng th.

C nhn, t chc c yu cu s dng th phi hon tt b h s gm: Giy yu cu s dng th cho c nhn hoc cng ty, hp ng s dng th, bn sao chng minh th hoc h chiu, xc nhn ca c quan v thu nhp v thi gian cng tc, cc giy t v th chp v bo lnh khc.

Phm vi s dng

Ch th c th s dng th cho mc ch sau:

Thanh ton hng ha, dich v ti CSCNT trong v ngoi nc

Rt tin mt ti cc quy, phng giao dch, cc im ng tin mt ca ngn hng pht hnh, ngn hng thanh ton, ngn hng i l thanh ton, my rt tin t ng ATM

Ngoi ra ch th cn c th thc hin mt s giao dch khc nh: Kim tra hn mc tn dng cn li ca th v cc thng tin khc c lin quan n ti khon, thanh ton chuyn khon

2.2.1.2.3. Cc bc pht hnh th.

Quy trnh pht hnh th gm cc bc sau:

Bc 1: Khch hng np h s yu cu pht hnh th

Bc 2: Ngn hng pht hnh kim tra h s theo quy nh

Trong mt khong thi gian nht nh ( thng khng qu 5 ngy lm vic) k t ngy nhn c h s y , ngn hng pht hnh co trch nhim thm nh b h s v ra quyt nh chp nhn hoc t chi pht hnh th.

i vi nhng h s c chp thun, ngn hng pht hnh xc nh cc yu t sau:

+ Hng pht hnh: th vng hay th chun

+ Hn mc tn dng

+ Thi hn th

+ Phn loi cc ch th xc nh hn mc tiu dng ca mi ch th

Bc 3: Cp th cho khch hng:

Sau khi xc nh cc yu t, b phn qun l th lp h s khch hng qun l. H s gm:

Tn ch th

a ch ni v lm vic

S CMND, s h chiu

S th, loi th

Ngy hiu lc

S ti khon ch nh thanh ton sao k, ngi thanh ton sao k

Ti sn th chp ( nu c)

Sau ngn hng tin hnh m ha th v in th, xc nh m s c nhn (PIN) ca ch th v gi cho ch th.

Ch th nhn th v k vo hp ng s dng th v bng ch k m sau ca th.

2.2.1.2.4. Ngha v v quyn hn cc bn.

Khi hp ng cung cp th tn dng gia ngn hng v ch th - trong quy nh r quyn hn v trch nhim ca mi bn c k kt th mt th tn dng c pht hnh v s dng. Vic pht hnh v s dng th tha mn nhu cu, li ch ca c ch th v ngn hng pht hnh. V vy mi bn u phi thc hin tt ngha v v trch nhim ca mnh.

Ngn hng pht hnh

Khi giao th ngn hng pht hnh phi hng dn r rng v cch s dng th tt nht, cc thng s, cc thng tin cn thit v th.

Ngn hng phi lp v qun l h s ca khch hng. n ngy sao k hng thng, ngn hng phi i chiu s liu cc giao dch pht sinh trong k vi cc ti khon th ca ch th, yu cu ch th thanh ton n.

Trong trng hp ngn hng pht hnh pht hin ti khon ca ch th b li dng hay s th ca khch hng c lin quan n th gi mo, ngn hng s yu cu khch hng tr li th v lp h s pht hnh th khc cho khch hng. Ngn hng c th yu cu khch hng ngng s dng th khi pht hin ra s vi phm ca ch th v ch tn dng th, gian ln trong s dng th c th gy tn tht cho ti sn vn ca ngn hng.

Ch th

Trong qu trnh s dng th, th c th b mt cp hay tht lc. Khi ch th phi kp thi thng bo ngay cho ngn hng pht hnh th bng vn bn kp thi khoa th v a ln danh sch th cm lu hnh ( Danh sch Bulletin).

Ch th cng c th yu cu pht hnh li th v mt s l do no nh nghu ng b lm gi, l s PIN m bo an ton trong qu trnh s dng th.

Thi hn hiu lc ca th ch trong mt s nm nht nh ty tng loi th. Khi ht hn thanh ton th, trong vng 10 ngy k t khi nhn c thng bo ca ngn hng, ch th c trch nhim tr li cho ngn hng c tip tc s dng th hay khng, nu khng, ngn hng s mc nhin coi l khng s dng na.

Ch th c trch nhim thanh ton s d n cui k vo ngy o hn, t nht cng phi thanh ton s tin ti thiu theo quy nh, thng l 20% s d n ( bao gm d k trc v tng s pht sinh trong k).

Ch th cng phi tun th tuyt i cc quy nh, hng dn v khuyn cao ca ngn hng vic s dng th t hiu qu cao nht, an ton, b mt, trnh ri ro.2.2.2 Tnh hnh pht hnh th

Nhng nm gn y, cc t chc pht hnh th tp trung vo cng tc qung b tip th sn phm th. Nh , cng vi vic nhu cu s dng th ngy cng tng trong tng lp dn c, s lng th pht hnh tng trng t bin so vi cc nm trc. Tnh n cui nm 2014, trn th trng c 50 t chc pht hnh th vi s lng trn 77,3 triu th c pht hnh, tng khong 16,8% so vi nm 2013. Khng nm ngoi xu hng trn, hot ng pht hnh th ca ngn hng EximBank cng gia tng nhanh trong 3 nm 2012, 2013 v 2014.

Bng 2.1: Tnh hnh pht hnh th ti EximBank t nm 2012 n nm 2014Tiu chNm 2012Nm 2013Nm 2014T l chnh lch 2012/2013T l chnh lch 2012/2014

Th tn dng quc t779015.78117.148102,6%133%

Th ghi n quc t26.07832.50436.75424,6%40,9%

Th ghi n ni a V-top91.629150.858175.11264,3%91,5%

Tng cng125.497199.143229.01458,7%82,5%

(Ngun: Bo co ca phng kinh doanh th EximBank)

Nhn chung, hot ng pht hnh th trong 3 nm gia tng nhanh, c th nm 2013 tng 58,7% so vi nm 2012 v nm 2014 tng n 82,5% so vi nm 2012. iu ny chng t vic s dng th ang ngy cng ph bin trong i sng .

Trong th t trng th ghi n ni a V-top vn chim t trng cao nht vi 75,8% s lng th pht hnh (150.858 th) nm 2013 v 76,5% s lng th pht hnh (175.112 th) nm 2014, k n l th ghi n quc t vi t trng 25,9% ( 32.504 th) c pht hnh nm 2013 v 16% nm 2014 (36.754 th). Trong khi th tn dng quc t d s lng th pht hnh trong nm 2013 v 2014 tng ng k so vi nm 2012 (tng 102,6% v 133%) nhng t trng vn cn thp, ch chim ln lt 7,9 % v 7,5% s lng th pht hnh trong nm 2013 v 2014.

S d c s gia tng l do ngn hng m rng s lng cc im chp nhn th, gia tng s tin tng trong vic s dng th EximBank ca khch hng i km vi cc hot ng hu mi tri n khch hng. Bn cnh nhu cu i hc, cng tc v du lch nc ngoi ca ngi dn cao, trnh dn tr v i sng vt cht c ci thin r rt cng l nguyn nhn khin cho s lng th EximBank tng ln

2.2.3 Doanh s s dng th

Bng 2.2: Doanh s s dng th Eximbank t nm 2012 n nm 2014(VT: T ng)

Ch tiuNm 2012Nm 2013Nm 2014

Doanh sDoanh sChnh lch 2011/2012Doanh sChnh lch 2011/2013

Th quc t1.1901.2162.1%1.56931%

Th ni a6.1557.76426,1%9.25250,3%

Tng cng7.3458.98022.3%10.82247.3%

(Ngun: Phng qun l th ca EximBank)

D trong giai on 2012 2014 tnh hnh kinh t ni chung vn ang trong thi k kh khn, c bit l h thng ngn hng tri qua nhiu bin ng nhng qua bng s liu v doanh s th c khch hng s dng trong giao dch ta thy trong thi k ny doanh s s dng th ca ngn hng Eximbank vn c xu hng tng (nm 2013 l 22.3% v nm 2014 l 47.3% so vi nm 2012)

Trong , th phn th ni a chim t trng cao nn doanh s s dng cng tng cao hn so vi th phn th quc t. Doanh s th ni a t 7.764 t ng (tng 26.1%) nm 2012 v t 9252 t ng (tng 50,3%) so vi nm 2012. Ring, doanh s s dng th quc t nm 2013 tng nh mc 2,1%, do vn cn chu nh hng ca bin ng tnh hnh kinh t trn th gii nm 2012 nhng sang nm 2014 li tng trng tr li mc 23% so vi nm 2012.

Biu 2.1: Th phn doanh s s dng th ca Eximbank trn th trng ngn hng

(Ngun: Bo co Hip hi th)

Doanh s s dng th ca Ngn hng Eximbank thuc loi tng i cao trong th phn th, chim 1,8%. iu ny chng t thng hiu th ca Ngn hng Eximbank c khch hng tin tng s dng v c tim nng pht trin hn na trong tng lai.2.2.4 Hot ng thanh ton th

Bng 2.3: Mng li im chp nhn th ca EximBank t nm 2012 n nm 2014Ch tiuNm 2012Nm 2013Nm 20142013 so vi 20122014 so vi 2012

Tng/gim%Tng/gim%

S lng my ATM2602602600000

S lng POS4.1024.9285.82082620.1%1.71841.9%

S lng VCNT2.3622.6722.93431013.1%57224.2%

(Ngun: Bo co tnh hnh hot ng ca EximBank)

Nhn vo bng ta thy khng c thm s lng my ATM no c lp t trong 3 nm m thay vo s lng VCNT v my POS tng ln qua mi nm. S lng my POS tng thm 826 ci (t l 20,1%) nm 2013 v 1.718 ci (t l 41,9%) nm 2014.Tng t, s lng VCNT cng tng 310 im nm 2013 v 572 im nm 2014. Thay v vic m rng h thng ATM rt tn km, ngn hng y mnh m rng h thng POS chp nhn thanh ton bng th, c th ATM v th tn dng. Khi ngn hng m bo cho h thng my POS vn hnh tt, ngi dn d dng rt th qut vo my POS thanh ton ti khp mi ni th vic thanh ton giao dch bng th tr nn v cng thun tin.

Bng 2.4: Doanh s thanh ton th ca EximBank t nm 2012 n nm 2014(VT: t ng)

Ch tiuNm 2012Nm 2013Nm 2014

Doanh sDoanh sChnh lch 2012/2013Doanh sChnh lch 2012/2014

Th quc t1.0791.19710,9%1.63951,9%

Th ni a5.846791135,3%9.28658,8%

Tng cng6.9259.10831,5%10.92557,8%

(Ngun: bo co t phng kinh doanh th EximBank)

Kinh t-x hi nc ta nm 2012 b nh hng bi s bt n ca kinh t th gii do khng hong ti chnh v khng hong n cng Chu u cha c gii quyt. iu ny cng gy tc ng n doanh s thanh ton th ca ngn hng c th l doanh s th t thp nht trong 3 nm ch t 6.925 t ng.Nhng nhn chung, doanh s thanh ton th gia tng trong 3 nm (tng 31.5% nm 2013 v 57,8% nm 2014 so vi nm 2012). iu ny chng t c s thay i thi quen trong s dng tin mt ca ngi dn. y l mt yu t kh quan ngn hng y mnh hot ng kinh doanh th.

2.2.5 Phn tch ri ro trong hot ng kinh doanh th

Nh trnh by trn, hot ng kinh doanh th ang pht trin nhanh trong nhu cu i sng hin nay i km vi n l nhng ri ro c th pht sinh gy ra nhiu tn tht ln. iu ny lm cho cc ngn hng kinh doanh th phi quan tm v trin khai cc bin php qun l ri ro hiu qu.

Khng ch ring EximBank m cc ngn hng thng mi khc Vit Nam cng phi i ph vi nhng ri ro c cp sau y.2.2.5.1 Ri ro th gi mo

Th gi lun l vn au u nht ca cc ngn hng kinh doanh th hin nay. Tnh hnh s dng th gi mo ang rt ph bin v ngy cng tr nn tinh vi. Bng vic tn cng vo c s d liu ca cc cng ty bn hng qua mng hay to cc trang web gi ca cc nh cng cp dch v thanh ton qua mng thm ch l cc website ca ngn hng pht hnh th c c thng tin ca ch th. T , chng tin hnh in th gi v s dng s PIN m khch hng cng cp li dng chi tiu.

Trong thc t ch th b nh cp thng tin d liu ch yu ri vo cc th thanh ton quc t nh MasterCard, Visach t xy ra vi th thanh ton ni a do thu chi thp. Do , nhiu khch hng dng th tn dng quc t do cc NHTM Vit Nam pht hnh chi tiu ti nc ngoi v b nh cp thng tin v b mt cp tin. iu ny gy ra nhiu kh khn cng nh thit hi v uy tn ca cc ngn hng. m bo an ton v gim thiu ri ro th gi, ngn hng EximBank l mt trong cc ngn hng i u trong vic chuyn i sang th Chip p ng chun EMV (do Europay, MasterCard v Visa a ra). y l mt cng ngh bo mt th c xem l hin i nht, mt gii php nng cao s pht trin ca thung mi n t, mang nhiu tnh nng vt tri hn so vi th t.

2.2.5.2 Ri ro thng tin th b mt cp

Vic ly cp d liu trn th lm th gi rt a dng di nhiu hnh thc, mt trong nhng cch ph bin khc l gn camera trn cc my rt tin nhn trm s PIN v sau nh cp th.

Ti phm trm thng tin th cng gia tng v mc phm ti ngy cng nghim trng. Do vn an ninh th, bo mt thng tin th phi c cc ch th tham gia hot ng kinh doanh th c bit quan tm.

Ngn hng EximBank cng a ra nhng cnh bo v vic mo danh ngn hng la o trong thi gian qua trn website ca mnh nhm cnh gic cho khch hng. C th, chng tip cn qua cc knh nh in thoi, email:

Thng bo trng gii thng c gi tr v yu cu ch th cung cp thng tin th xc nhn thng tin ngi nhn gii.

Gi danh ngn hng gi email hoc in thoi trc tip n khch hng v thng bo th tn dng tm thi b kha do nghi ng l thng tin v yu cu ch th cung cp hoc cp nht thng tin c nhn h tr m kha th.

Gi ng link website gi mo c giao din ging website ngn hng la khch hng ng nhp thng tin ti khon thanh ton trc tuyn, cung cp thng tin th tn dng, thng tin c nhn nhy cm khc

T ngn hng a ra nhng khuyn ngh gip khch hng bo v thng tin c nhn ca mnh nhm hn ch ri ro thng tin b mt cp.

2.2.5.3 Ri ro th mt cp, tht lcCc NHPH th thng rt cn trng, thng thng cc ngn hng thng yu cu ch th trc tip n nhn th ti quy giao dch ti ngn hng nn ri ro th b nh cp him khi xy ra. Tuy nhin cc trng hp ch th lm mt th, l m PIN hoc b tht lc th tm thi thng xuyn xy ra, cc ch th thng khiu ni ngn hng v vic mt tin trong ti khon. Vic tranh chp v mt tin trong ti khon gia khch hng v ngn hng ngy cng gia tng. C hai bn u c nhng lp lun cho mnh l ng. Nhng d ng hay sai th bn no cng chu thit hi ln khng ch v vt cht.

Vn l m PIN v tht lc th tm thi, ch yu l th ATM, xy ra ph bin v cc ch th thng nh ngi khc rt tin h. Vic ny c ngn hng khuyn co v khi c xy ra mt mt, ngn hng s kim tra bo co t h thng giao dch lm c s chng minh. Sau cng khai gii quyt ngi dng bit v phng trnh sau ny. Vic lm ny nhm gim nguy c cho khch hng, va bo v uy tn cho ngn hng.

2.2.5.4 Ri ro tc nghip

Ri ro ny pht sinh trong vic x l giao dch, thc hin quy trnh nghip v hng ngy ca nhn vin ngn hng. Khi m khi lng giao dch ngy cng tng cao th cc trng hp ri ro do li tc nghip ca nhn vin ngn hng xy ra kh ph bin. Nhng s c v nghip v pht sinh trn tt c cc khu ca dch v th nh tip nhn, x l thng tin khch hng, ci t chng trnh, hch ton, thu n sao k, tip qu, tra sot, bi hon, Trong s nhng ri ro v nghip v, mt s c khc phc sm, thu hi c tin, khng gy tn tht v vt cht nhng nhn chung a s u gy tn tht, nh hng rt ln n uy tn v nim tin ca khch hng i vi ngn hng.

2.2.5.5 Ri ro o c ngh nghip ca nhn vin ngn hng

iu m cc ngn hng lo ngi khng ch nhng ri ro bn ngoi nh th gi mo, trm thng tin thm cn nhng ri ro n t bn trong h thng ngn hng. Ri ro t o c ca mt s nhn vin ngn hng l v cng nguy him.

Nm 2006, ngn hng EximBank c trng hp nhn vin la o m th tn dng gy xn xao d lun. Khi cn l cn b ngn hng EximBank chi nhnh H Ni, Nguyn L Vit tip th, lm th tn dng hng lot cho gn 60 bc s ca Vin Qun y 103, nhng khng giao cho khch m m trn. Tn Vit v v rt tin tiu xi li khon n hn 5 t ng cho cc bc s ca Vin 103. y l hnh ng sai tri gy tn tht nng n n uy tn ca EximBank. Ngn hng phi xem xt li vic qun l ri ro ca chnh mnh, rt kinh nghim v khng khng xy ra trng hp no tng t trong sut nhng nm gn y.

2.2.5.6 Ri ro v k thut, cng ngh:

Vit Nam, my ATM ng my khng s dng c do nghn mch, hng mc k thut cng din ra thng xuyn. c bit l vic mt in khin giao dch gp trc trc hoc s c v ng truyn gy ra tnh trng cha rt c tin b khu tr hay rt ri li c cng thm tin

Vi s lng th giao dch ngy cng gia tng nh hin nay th ri ro v k thut cng ngh l iu cn c quan tm v ch trng hn ht. V hu ht nhng vic x l nghip v cng nh lu tr d liu u l thuc vo h thng trang thit bi t ng cho nn nu c bt k s c g v ng truyn, thit b vin thng cng u gy ra thit hi v cng nghim trng.

EximBank v ang c gng trang b nhng cng ngh hin i cng nh lch trnh bo tr, bo dng hp l gim thiu ti a ri ro c th xy ra gy nh hng n qu trnh phc v khch hng.

2.2.5.7 Ri ro v tn dng

Ri ro tn dng l khi ch th s dng th, ch yu l tn dng tn chp, khng thanh ton hoc mt kh nng thanh ton dn n vic ngn hng khng th i c n. Ri ro ny xy ra khi ch th s dng th nhng li gp phi tai nn bt ng, ph sn hay mt vic lm, khng c thu nhp hon tr n ngn hng.

Tuy vic chi tiu bng th c xu hng tng mnh, tim nng pht trin ln nhng vic pht hnh th tn dng quc t em li gnh nng ri ro ln cho ngn hng. V vy, cc ngn hng rt cn trng khi pht hnh th tn dng, pht hnh ch yu da trn c s th chp, cm c nn thit hi i vi NHPH th trong thi gian qua tng i thp.

2.2.5.8 Ri ro v VCNT

m rng i l nhiu NHTT tr nn d di trong khu xt duyt, khng thm nh k cng cc n v kinh doanh mun tr thnh VCNT, iu ny cha ng ri ro rt ln.

Trong nhng nm va qua, xut hin mt s i tng lp cc VCNT s dng th gi nhm rt tin. Cng c trng hp, nhn vin thu tin ca VCNT thng ng vi ti phm ci thit b ly cp d liu th sao chp d liu th ca khch hng tr tin.Ngay c khi loi tr nguy c gian ln ca cc VCNT, cc ngn hng cng cha tht s an tm bi cc VCNT vn cn l m v nghip v cng nh cc tiu chun bo v thng tin th

Ngn hng EximBank vn ang tip tc nng cao hiu bit cho cc im bn hng v vic bo mt thng tin ch th v kim sot k cng vic cho php cc VCNT mi hot ng.

2.2.6 Cc yu t nh hng n hot ng kinh doanh th

2.2.6.1 Cc nhn t ch quan

Yu t ngun nhn lcHot ng kinh doanh th hin ti Eximbank theo m hnh: Phng Qun l th Hi s ban hnh quy ch, quy trnh pht hnh thanh ton th, mu biu, hng dn nghip v cho cc chi nhnh trong h thng; ng thi v thc hin cc chng trnh khuyn mi v ph bin n ton h thng. Hin ti nhn s ti Phng Qun l th Hi s l 48 nhn s ph trch chung cho ton h thng. Ti cc chi nhnh ch c S giao dch 1 l c nhn vin chuyn cho hot ng kinh doanh th, cn ti cc Chi nhnh khc hu nh khng c nhn vin kinh doanh, ch c nhn vin ph trch nhp liu h s th, k ton th. Cc Gim c ti cc chi nhnh khng mn m v ch tiu th nn vic pht trin th ch yu ti S giao dch 1 ca Eximbank.Kh nng sn sng ca h thng VCNT ca ngn hng

Th l mt sn phm gn lin vi cng ngh k thut hin i. Vic la chn h thng cng ngh ca tng ngn hng phi ph hp vi nh hng chin lc pht trin ca ngn hng

Trong iu kin chi ph u t thit t cho mt my ATM kh ln th chi ph lp t my POS t tn km hn, do cc ngn hng Vit Nam hin nay ang thc hin chnh sch lp t my POS min ph cho cc VCNT. Thc t ngn hng no kh nng mang li s sn sng cho ngi s dng (s lng, a im t my, mc bao ph th trng) th ngn hng s chim u th trn th trng. Tng s lng n v chp nhn th ca Eximbank tnh n cui nm 2013 l 2.672 n v, tng s my POS c lp t l 4.928 my, ATM l 260 my

Chnh sch Marketing ca n v pht hnh th

Hot ng marketing trong kinh doanh th thanh ton c vai tr quan trng i hi cc ngn hng phi c chin lc pht trin i vi sn phm ny. Thng qua cc hot ng marketing nh : nghin cu, phn tch th trng, thit k v khuch trng sn phm mi, cc ngn hng c th tim kim khch hng, gip h tip cn v quyt nh la chn phng thc thanh ton th, trn c s pht trin cc sn phm th ca ngn hng mt cch hiu qu nht

Hot ng marketing v dch v th ca Eximbank vn cn hn ch, hu nh cha c ch trng. Tuy nhin ngn hng cng trin khai nhiu sn phm, tin ch v cc chng trnh chm sc khch hnh vi u i ln nhm thu ht khch hng.

Tin ch ca thVi c trng l loi cng ngh mi, tin ch ni bc m ngi s dng th c c l s tin li v linh hot nht l khi i du lch hay cng tc nc ngoi. iu ny c ngha l khi d nh ra nc ngoi, thay v phi chun b trc mt lng ngoi t hay sc du lch, ch th c th mang theo th thanh ton thanh ton cho mi nhu cu chi tiu ca mnh.

Ngoi ra cc ngn hng Vit Nam hin nay cn cung cp cc dch v gia tng nh thanh ton tin hng ha, thanh ton tin in, nc, bo him, chi lng cho php ngi s dng thun tin hn trong vic s dng khi c nhu cu lin quan pht sinh.

Tuy nhin, nhn chung th tin ch th ca Eximbank khng cao, ch c nhng chc nng c bn l thanh ton hng ha dch v, rt tin mt.

Ph dch v th

L cc khon chi ph pht sinh khi Ch th phi b ra khi thc hin pht hnh hoc giao dch th, theo biu ph dch v s dng th c T chc pht hnh th (Ngn hng) qui nh theo tng thi im c th, v d: ph pht hnh th, ph thng nin, ph rt tin mt, ph ti chnh,

Ph dch v th tn dng ca Eximbank hin ti tng i thp so vi cc ngn hng khc v c tnh cnh tranh cao.2.2.6.2 Cc nhn t khch quan

Yu t kinh t

S pht trin ca lnh vc kinh doanh th cng nh cc lnh vc kinh t ph thuc ch yu vo nn kinh t. Nn kinh t pht trin n nh th i sng ngi dn s c ci thin, thu nhp gia tng. Khi thu nhp cao, nhu cu mua sm, du dch,gii tr ca con ngi cng tng theo v th thanh ton s p ng nhu cu ny ca h.

Mt khc, trong iu kin Vit Nam, vic pht trin kinh t khng ng u gia cc tnh, thnh ph, dng tin tiu dng ch yu l thanh ton nh l gy nn nhng kh khn nht nh trong vic trin khai h thng thanh ton thng qua th tn dng, nht l thi quen thanh ton tin mt n su vo li sng suy ngh ngi dn Vit Nam.

Yu t Chnh tr - lut php

Tnh hnh chnh tr nc ta rt n nh, Vit Nam l nc c coi l c nn chnh tr n nh nht trong khu vc. Vit Nam cng t chc thnh cng hi ngh APEC, l ch tch Hi ng Bo an Lin Hip Quc iu cho thy v th ca Vit Nam trn chnh trng quc t c xem trng.

Th trng th l mt th trng kh mi m ti Vit Nam, tuy nhin, y l th trng cnh tranh kh quyt lit bi cc ngn hng u nhn thc vai tr quan trng ca vic nm gi th phn th trong hin ti i vi s thnh cng ca kinh doanh trong tng lai.

Cng ging nh bt k lnh vc kinh doanh no khc, lnh vc kinh doanh th cng c mt hnh lang php l iu chnh hot ng do Nh nc ban hnh. Hn na hot ng kinh doanh th quc t cn lin quan n ch th ca nhiu quc gia, do php lut iu chnh hot ng ny cn c minh bch v y . Mt khc, Nh nc cng cn c nhng chnh sch, quy nh vic bo v an ton ca ngi tham gia.Thm vo l cc quy nh, nhng rng buc gia cc bn lin quan n nhng sai st, vi phm v tnh hoc c gy nn ri ro cho chnh bn thn ngi ch th hoc cc ch th khc, k c nhng quy nh lin quan n nhng tng lp dn c khng phi l ch th cng c th gy nn tn tht, ri ro cho ngn hng nh lm hng cc trang thit b giao dch t ng t ti ni cng cng. l nn tng cho vic pht trin th trong tng lai, c nh th mi gip lnh vc kinh doanh therphast trin bn vng.. H tng cng ngh

Mt trong nhng yu t quyt nh thnh cng ca vic kinh doanh th l h tng cng ngh ca t nc ni chung v cng ngh ca n v cp th ni ring. Nhng ci tin v cng ngh tc ng mnh m ti hot ng kinh doanh ca ngn hng, n mang n nhng thay i k diu ca nghip v kinh doanh ngn hng nh chuyn tin nhanh, my gi rt tin t ng ATM, card in t, phone-banking, mobile-banking, internet banking (ngn hng internet).

Vic la chn giao dch v m th i vi ngn hng no cn ty thuc rt ln vo k thut m ngn hng s dng nhm tha mn nhu cu v mong mun ca khch hng..

Hin nay, mt vn m cc ngn hng tham gia dch v th ti th trng Vit Nam gp phi l h thng chp nhn th (ATM v POS) cn cha ln khuyn khch cc tng lp dn c s dng th trn din rng. Ngoi ra, nhiu ngn hng ca chng ta vi quy m kinh doanh khng ln nn gp rt kh khn trong vic u t ng b h tng cng ngh, cc gii php phn mm trin khai h thng kinh doanh th.

Thi quen s dng tin mt ca cng chng

Nn kinh t Vit Nam ang chuyn t sn xut hng ho nh, bao cp, tp trung sang nn kinh t th trng, vic thanh ton trong dn c vi nhau ph bin vn l bng tin mt. Thu nhp ca dn c ni chung cn mc thp, nhng sn phm tho mn nhu cu thit yu ca dn c vn ch yu c mua sm ch t do cng vi thi quen s dng tin mt, n gin, thun tin bao i nay khng d nhanh chng thay i. trn th gii ti cc nc cng nghip pht trin, ngi ta mt gn na th k cng chng c th lm quen vi th thanh ton v cc tin ch do th mang li. Ring vi Vit Nam, y thc s l mt thch thc ln m cc ngn hng phi i mt khi trin khai dch v th thanh ton ti th trng trong nc.

i th cnh tranh

Do th trng th l mt th trng rt tm nng, m c bit l th trng th tn dng nn hin nay c nhiu Ngn hng tham gia th trng ny vi tm lc mnh, kinh nghim qun l, h tng cng ngh, h thng th c u t ln, nh: VCB, ACB, Sacombank, Ngoi ra, vic tham gia th trng th ca cc Ngn hng c 100% vn nc ngoi (HSBC) t Eximbank ni ring v cc Ngn hng trong nc ni chung trc mt thch thc ln.

TP. H Ch Minh, 2015

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