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Mahab GhodssPresents

Ghezel Owzan-SefidRudBasin

Integrated Water Resource Planning

Mahab Ghodss Consulting Engineering

添付資料2-1 既存流域管理調査概要資料Ghezel Owzan-Sefid Rud Watershed

Basin Potentials

• Land Mass: 60000 Km2

• Different climates

• Water Mass: Average Basin Precipitation (390 mm)-23 BCM

• Growing Industries

• Growing Population ( 4 million – 1996 Census)

• Agricultural Area: 2.2 Million Ha

• Other natural resources

• Stakeholders – 8 Provinces

• Multitude of Projects (176) : (Operating, Under Construction, Study Phase )

Satellite Photo map

Study Area : 64000 Km2Satellite Photo map

Primary Goals and PrioritiesAs Stated in Contract

• Goals:1. Review and update of water resource potentials and consumptions 2. Water resource planning/allocation programme for existing and future demands 3. Evaluation of projects significance based on resources and consumptions4. Project selection proposal

• Water Potentials Evaluation( present / future)

1. Surface Water 2. Groundwater

• Demands Evaluation( present / future)

1. Municipal / Industrial 2. Agricultural 3. Minimum Required Environmental Flows

• Horizon: 30 year

• Water Use Priorities1. Basin water rights users 2. Basin municipal / industrial3. Gilan irrigational demands (irrigational efficiency improvement)4. Basin environmental demands

• Water Supply Priorities 1. Present operating system and existing dam structures2. Dams under construction3. Dams under investigation

Technical Studies

1. Metrology and Climatology ( finalized)

2. Surface water hydrology (currently under investigation)

3. Groundwater hydrogeology (finalized)

4. Municipal and industrial water supply needs (finalized)

5. Environmental studies ( finalized)

6. Soil Studies (finalized)

7. Agricultural Studies (finalized)

8. Irrigation-Drainage Investigation (finalized)

9. Water Resource Planning (initialized)

10. GIS database (continues)

Provincial Map / Study Area Boundary / Main Rivers

GhezelGhezel OwzanOwzan: 680 Km: 680 Km

Reservoir

Sefid

Rud

450 1030

Ghezel Owzan

Ghezel O

wzan

Shah Rud

1500 3290

2200

4170

Shah Shah RudRud : 230 Km: 230 Km SefidSefid RudRud: 130 Km: 130 Km

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Provincial Study Area (Km2)% share of land mass

100.063858Total Area Km2

1.81130Tehran8

3.11995Hamedan7

6.23942Ardebil6

6.64227Ghazvin5

14.39161Gilan4

17.811373East Azerbaijan3

21.513701Kurdestan2

28.718330Zanjan1

%AreaProvince#

Provincial Area (Ascending)

Ghazvin7%

Tehran2%Ardebil

6%

Hamedan3%

Gilan14%

East Azarbayjan

18%

Kurdestan21%

Zanjan 29%

Executive InstitutionsProject Number, and Progress State

1764315010181333751477Study Area

110001Tehran8

222000Hamedan7

2525102112Ardebil6

111000Ghazvin5

343462620E. Azerbaijan4

454560336Kurdistan3

661014Gilan2

624315010181911134Zanjan1

ProvinceNo.

Stu

dy

Des

ign

Co

nst.

Op

er.

Stu

dy

Des

ign

Co

nst.

Op

er.

Prov. Total

A.J Total

Agricultural Jihad

W.A Total

Prov. Water Authorities

Number of projects in the Provincial Executive Branches

Projects’ Phases

95 Operational 53%

24Construction

Phase14%

5 Design phase 3%

52 underinvestigation

30%

Cities Map

Study Area population Growth

82973351415

75762841410

69094811405

62896811400

57239831395

52038531390

47273271385

42962941380

39028001375

PopulationYear

Population growth chart

0

2,000,000

4,000,000

6,000,000

8,000,000

10,000,000

13

75

13

80

13

85

13

90

13

95

14

00

14

05

14

10

14

15

Iranian -Year

Popu

lati

on

Provincial Population Share(1996 Census )

E. Azaerbayjan9% Ardebil

3%

Tehran+ Ghazvin

2%

Hamedan1%

Zanjan18%

Kurdistan10%

Gilan57%

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Population Growth in Study Area Provincial Estimates (1996 & 2036)

0500,000

1,000,0001,500,0002,000,0002,500,0003,000,0003,500,0004,000,0004,500,000

Population

Teh

ran

Gha

zvin

Ham

edan

Ard

ebil

E.

Aze

rbai

jan

Kur

dist

an

Zan

jan

Gila

n

2036 1996

Municipal & Rural Domestic Demands(MCM/Year)

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

Mun

icip

al &

Ru

ral

Do

mes

tic D

ema

nds

(MC

M)

Ha

me

dan

Teh

ran

+G

haz

vin

Ard

ebil

E.

Aze

rba

ijan

Ku

rdis

tan

Za

nja

n

Gila

n

Year 2006

Year 2036

280

564

Total

Provincial Domestic & Rural Demands

564 MCM/Year - 2036

Hamedan7.11%

Tehran+ Ghazvin

8.92%

Ardebil18.23% E. Azerbaijan

47.48%

Kurdistan63.211%

Zanjan104.819%

Gilan314.956%

Provincial Irrigated AreaTotal (460,000 ha )

Tehran; 2016; 0%

Ghazvin; 16275; 4%

Zanjan; 112925; 25%

Gilan; 182340; 39%

Kurdestan; 60545; 13%

Hamedan; 4897; 1%

E. Azarbayjan; 64525; 14%

Ardebil; 17240; 4%

Provincial Agricultural Area Including: Irrigated, Rain-fed, Fallow, Farms, Orchards+ Intensity

Total(2.18 million ha)

Ghazvin, 36512, 2%

Tehran, 2769, 0%

Gilan, 250327, 11% Zanjan,

588438, 27%

Ardebil, 81615, 4%

E. Azarbayjan, 461305, 21%

Hamedan, 77109, 4%

Kurdestan, 691215, 31%

Located Dam Projects

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System Configuration (176 Dams)

Dams Significance

• 176 Small to large dam projects

(Operational+ Under construction+ Design or Study Phase)

(Total storage capacity: 5620 MCM) – Data shortage 46 dams

• 38 Dams with storage data 5 MCM

(Total Capacity 5500 MCM – Accounts for 98% of total capacity)

• 92 Dams with storage data < 5 MCMTotal Capacity 120 MCM - Accounts for 2% - Insignificant –Seasonal rivers

System Configuration for 38 dams 5 MCM

Provinces Storage Capacity Share

% share of total capacity ( 5500 MCM )

(Operational, Under Construction, Design or Study Phase)

E. Azerbaijan20%

Tehran6%

Hamedan0%

Ghazvin0%

Ardebil2%

Zanjan27%

Gilan35%

Kurdistan10%

System configuration map 38 Dams, 24 Hydrometric Stations, 56 River Reaches

Location Mapclimatologic / meteorological station

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Hypsometric Map Used in Meteorology, Climatology, Hydrology

Plains / Mountains

Mountains Plains

Land Use Map

Irrigated farming / OrchardsDry farming Range

Gilan Irrigation Network

Irrigated Area 182,000 ha Agricultural 250,000 ha Rain-fed 62,000 ha

Surface Water Network Map Basin River Network

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Location MapHydrometric Stations

Selected River Reaches

Sarjam=146

P_dokh.=1616

Ostor=2737

Gh.goni=1025

Bayanlo=504

Salam.abad=247

Gilvan=3286

Loshan=1035

Rodbar=4168

Astane=3733

Galinak=416

Aidogh.=159

Gh_Miane.=499

Mahneshan=1282

Annual River Flows Annual River Flows at hydrometric stations (MCM/Year)at hydrometric stations (MCM/Year)Groundwater Map

Wells Springs Qanat

Number of Groundwater Sources

28105

968

30531

Wells

Springs

Qanats

Total Resource Points: 59,600

Groundwater Study Areas Sub-basins(total Area = 66300 Km2 )

13 Lahijan, Chaboksar (Watershed between Haraz and Sefidrood)

1401 3536

12 Foomanat (Talesh watershed, Anzali wetland) 1202 3593

11 Manjil 1311 2260

10 Taleghan, Alamoot 1310 4864

9 Divandareh, Bijar 1309 5385

8 Ghorveh, Dehgalan 1308 6978

7 Gol Tapeh, Zarinabad 1307 5124

6 Sajas 1306 2497

5 Man neshan, Angooran 1305 6772

4 Zanjan 1304 4626

3 Miane 1303 9226

2 Tarom, Khalkhal 1302 8604

1 Astane, Koochesfahan 1301 2835

No. Sub-basins Sub-basin CodeArea surface area (Km2)

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Thank for your attention

Mahab Ghodss Consulting Engineering

添付資料 3-1

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添付資料 3-1 水資源配分法 Water allocation law To: Provincial Regional Water Companies, Khuzestan Water and Electricity Organization, Zanjan water authorities. Subject: Water allocation law Hereby the water allocation law is notified to be enforced in line with the implementation of the Fair Water Distribution Act and the policies of the Energy Ministry in order to organize the planning of water allocation, improve water resources, create a rational balance between water supply and demand, define a proper framework to respond to new demands by prioritizing the type of consumption, using potentials of water resources, and transferring water from basins with consideration of social and environmental factors and quality and quantity of water resources. We hope with the full implementation of this plan a proper mechanism for the establishment of a national water accountancy system will be created. All the directors of the regional water companies and Khuzestan Water and Electricity Organization are required to make efforts to fully implement this water allocation law. A copy to: - Deputy Director for water affairs. - Deputy Director for planning and supervisory affairs. - Deputy Director for water and wastewater affairs. - Deputy Director for legal and parliamentary affairs. - Investigation office. ----------------------------------------------------------

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Water Allocation Law: Chapter I: Definitions and concepts Article 1: Legal documentation This water allocation law has been issued based on Articles 21 and 29 of the Fair Water Distribution Act and Article 1 of Energy Ministry establishment law in line with the implementation of the Fourth National Development Plan. Article 2: Objectives Organizing the process of water allocation in order to implement the Fair Water Distribution Act, create a balance between water supply and demands, achieve an integrated water resources management plan by adopting proper approaches, improving decision-making process, and establishing a national water accountancy system. Article 3: Implementation area All watershed basins of the country and also all rivers flowing to the country. Article 4: Definitions Words and statements used in this document are as follows: 4-1- Company: Regional water companies or similar units to be established later. 4-2- Water allocation: The amount of water determined by the Ministry of Energy to be allocated to different consumptions. The Ministry of Energy determines the amount of water allocation in each study area, watershed basins, and rivers flowing to the country with the consideration of water resources potential and the users’ water rights. The Ministry of Energy also authorizes the companies to issue usage permits for users to use the allocated water. 4-3- Allocator: Ministry of Energy which will take measures through the Water Resources Management Organization (hereafter referred to as the Organization) 4-4- Company’s information bank: An information bank to be established for keeping records, documents, and usage permits issued by each company. 4-5- Organization’s information bank: An information bank to be established in the Organization only for the whole county’s water allocation plans to keep records, documents, and usage permits of the country’s water allocation in a computer network. 4-6- Commission: A water allocation commission in the Organization. 4-7- Company’s water resources management committee: A committee to be established in the company to coordinate policies and plans of this water allocation law.

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4-8- Usage permit commissions: These commissions have been established in the companies based on the Fair Water Distribution Act to deal with usage permit affairs. 4-9- Water allocation permission: A permission which is given to the company with the approval of the commission in order to issue usage permits for different consumptions. 4-10- Usage permit for water usage: A document issued by the company based on the regulations of water allocation permission for a specific period of time. Article 5: Water allocation will be for the following consumptions: - Drinking and sanitary usage - Industry - Agriculture - Environment protection - Farming - Fishery - Hydropower - Services - Other Article 6: Water allocation resources include all general water resources mentioned in the Fair Water Distribution Act. Chapter II: Water allocation structure and responsibilities Article 7: The following measures will be taken in order to institutionalize the process of investigation of water resources potential and facilities:

- Establishment of a water allocation commission in the organization. - Establishment of water resources management committees in the companies.

Article 8: Responsibilities and members of the commission: 8-1- Responsibilities: - Formulation of natural water allocation policies. - Determination of the amount of water that should be allocated from surface and groundwater resources for different consumptions in watersheds and study areas throughout the country, considering priorities and quality and transfer limitations. - Making decisions about regulated water resources at dams and water resources development projects and determining the amount of water that should be allocated to different consumptions. - Making decisions about the transfer of water between basins. - Addressing the companies’ requests. - Making decisions on how to collect data and statistics and establish information banks in the Organization and the companies. - Reviewing previous allocations in order to confirm or reform them based on evaluation reports.

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- Making decisions on revising allocations in droughts and water rationing seasons based on Article 29 of the Fair Water Distribution Act. - Making decisions on the management of civil and industrial wastewater and agricultural returned water. 8-2- Members of the commission which will be chaired by the director of the

Organization:

- Deputy Director for Planning - Deputy Director for Usage and Protection Affairs - Deputy Director for Research and Basic Studies on Water Resources - One water resources expert that will be chosen by the Chairman of the

commission - Director of the Design and Planning Office

Notice: The directors of the related companies or their representatives will be invited to attend the commission meetings whenever necessity arises. 8-3- Commission Secretariat: The commission secretariat is located in the Organization’s design and planning office and the commission’s secretary will also serve as the secretariat’s managing director. 8-4- Responsibilities of the commission secretariat:

- Formulating the schedule of the commission’s activities, doing coordination and connection between the commission and the company committees and pursuing the decisions by the commission.

- Preparing approved water allocation permissions to be notified to the companies.

- Preparing needed documents and reports. - Designing and establishing information bank for water allocation,

resources, and consumption. - Receiving the proposals of the company committees about the amount of

the allocated water from surface and groundwater resources in watersheds and study areas throughout the country (especially the demands included in the Article 12 of the chapter second of Fair Water Allocation Act) considering the priorities and quality limitations.

Notice: For the implementation of the above responsibilities the existing facilities of the committees will be used and if necessary, new facilities will be created inside or outside the Organization. Article 9: Responsibilities and members of the company committees: 9-1- Responsibilities:

- Implementation of the commission’s policies. - Giving proposals to the Organization about the amount of allocated

water from surface and groundwater resources in watersheds and study areas under the authority of the related company.

- Examining and making decisions about the requests that the company has received based on allocation limitations.

- Supervising the collection of data and statistics and establishing the company’s information bank.

- Investigating and confirming water resources and consumption reports in the areas under the authority of the company.

- Supervising the usage of allocated water and preparing reports to send to the commission.

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9-2- Members of company’s water resources management committee:

- Director of the company (committee chairman) - Deputy Director for basic water resources studies. - Deputy Director for usage. - Deputy Director or director of planning and management improvement

bureau. - One water resources management expert in the region chosen by committee

chairman. 9-3- The Company committee’s secretariat will be located in the planning and management improvement bureau and the director of the company’s planning and management improvement bureau will also serve as the secretariat’s director. 9-4- The responsibilities of the Company committee’s secretariat: - Creating coordination between the Organization’s commission and the usage permit commissions. - Preparing and filing the minutes of meetings and the decisions made in the company committee. - Preparing the schedule of the activities and meetings in the company committee. - Pursuing the committee’s decisions and preparing the needed documents and reports. Article 10: The members of the commission and the members of the company committees will be elected by the director of the Water Resources Management Organization. Article 11: Information Banks Water Allocation Information Banks will be established in the Organization and the companies in order to prepare the ground for long-term planning and keeping the records and characteristics of the allocated water. 11-1- The information banks are established in the Organization and the companies and they will be connected to each other through a computer network. 11-2- The commission secretariat is responsible to establish and run the water allocation information bank in the Organization as the central information bank and the committee secretariat is responsible to establish such banks in the companies. 11-3- All companies are required to prepare, store, and process the needed information and send them to the Organization based on the regulations of the information banks. Chapter III: Structure and operation of water allocation Article 12: The commission will take the following measures based on the committees’ proposals and the existing documents, considering the water resources development policies and strategies. A) The commission should determine (and notify the companies) the amount of groundwater that should be allocated to each study area under the authority of each regional water company for a specific period of time, considering the free and forbidden areas and different consumptions (Especially the demands included in the Article 12 of the Fair Water Allocation Act). Any change in the amount of allocated water will be done after proper examination of groundwater resources.

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Notice: In the areas that are jointly under the authority of two or more companies, the commission will determine the share of each company. B) In the watershed areas that are located under the authority of more than one company, the commission will determine each company’s share of the surplus surface water for specific period of time by taking the following factors into consideration: - Regulated water resources at water resources development projects which have been explained in Article 19. - Water resources from inter-basin transfer C) The companies will be informed of their water allocation share in the joint rivers and water resources on the borders based on the protocols and agreements signed by Iranian government and neighboring countries, considering Part B (above). D) After receiving proposals from the company committees and determining the amount of allocated water, the commission will carry out the allocation of surface water in the rivers whose watershed is totally under the authority of one company. Notice: The companies’ request to change the allocation from one consumption to another will be examined concurrently with the determination of the amount of allocated water. Article 13: The companies are required to examine the request based on their legal authorities and current regulations in order to issue usage permits, considering the following items: -Implementation regulations for improving water consumption in agricultural sector. - Drinking, industrial, and other demands in the long run based on approved standards. - Future water demands and development in different regions. - Regulations for water subscription (usage). - Regulations of Iran’s Protection and Usage of Aquatic Resources Law. - Article 63 of the regulating the government’s financial laws (Granting new water rights). - Making sure that the returned water has not polluted the water resources. - observing environmental considerations to protect water ecosystems. Article 14: From the date when this water allocation law is notified, the requesters’ files will not be sent to the Organization for investigation any more, therefore, the order for the implementation of Article 12 of the chapter two of the Fair Water Allocation Act numbered 2235/204/505 (May 13, 1985) and Article 4 to 51 of the order to implement water subscription (usage) plan numbered 75370/3652/10 (September 1, 1996) will be nullified. Article 15: While supervising the performance of the companies, the Planning Bureau of the Organization will prepare a report on the companies’ activities in regards with the observation of water allocation limitations and terms of this document (water allocation law) every six months and will submit it to the commission. The commission will decide whether it should promote or reform the authorities of the companies based on their performance.

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Article 16: The companies are required to store all the information about usage permits in defined formats in their own information banks and also send them to the Organization’s information bank. Article 17: the companies are required to match the usage permits with the level of allocated water and supervise their implementation in order to control water allocation. Article 18: The companies can issue usage permits only within the specified water allocation level, considering the following factors: A) The issuance of usage permits for real and legal entities is dependent on the existence of sufficient water allocation. B) After issuing a usage permit, the annul usage volume should be matched with the type of consumption specified in the usage permit. Any change in the type of consumption, violation of the usage permit terms, or not using the allocated water are subject to legal investigation. C) The company committee will investigate and decide about (1) the water which has not been used by the holder of the usage permit, (2) surplus water, and (3) the water whose usage permit has been legally revoked. Article 19: In regard with the fact that the implementation of water development projects may cause a change in he amount of water in downstream, the companies are required to: A) Prepare a familiarity report of the projects in their initial stages and send it to the commission to get the preliminary approval to start implementation. B) Take into consideration the possible influences of the projects on water rights and downstream structures. C) Send a report on the water resources planning of the projects to the Organization to get approval after they are approved by the company committee. (The report should be sent to the Organization after phase one of the studies, which would show the present situation of water allocation and propose water allocation plans for future consumption, is completed). D) Match the present situation of the operational projects with the objectives of the project and send a report to inform the commission. E) Inform the commission of the final objectives and allocated resources of the under construction projects which have not got the approval of the commission yet. Notice: The investigation of regulated water resources of the projects included in the above article and decision-making on allocation for different consumptions will be done with the presence of the Deputy Director for Design and Development in the Organization. Article 20: The responsibility of implementing this water allocation law is on the shoulders of the Organization at national level ant the companies at provincial level. Article 21: This water allocation law has been issued in 3 chapters, 21 Articles, and 5 Notices and should be implemented immediately from the date of issue. Habibollah Bitaraf Energy Minister

添付資料 3-2

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添付資料 3-2 水資源投資促進法

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添付資料 3-3

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添付資料 3-3 WRMC設置法

Iran water Resources Management Specialized Mother

Company's Articles of Association By virtue of the Article no 4 of the IR of Iran’s Third Economic,

Social and Cultural Development Plan Law ratified in 2000, the Cabinet approved the Articles of Association of Iran Water Resources Management Specialized Mother Company in a meeting on February 26, 2003 on the basis of the proposal no. 69442/20/100 dated February 26, 2003 submitted by the Ministry of Energy as follows: " The Articles of Association of Iran Water Resources Management Specialized Mother Company" Chapter 1-Generalities and Capital

Article 1-The company’s name is "Iran Water Resources Management Company" herein is referred to as the company.

Article 2-The objective of establishing the company is to arrange the activities under the charge of the Water Affairs of the Ministry of Energy, including the organization, direction and technical, engineering, legal, financial and administrative supports of the subsidiary companies to recognize, study, develop, conserve and operate water resources and installations efficiently, and exploit hydropower energy and operate the related systems.

Articles 3-The company’s headquarters is in Tehran, and the company is authorized to establish branches and representatives approved by General Assembly observing the rules and regulations to perform the duties included in the Articles of Association.

Article 4-The company is a legal and independent entity and is managed as a joint stock (private) company. The company and all its subsidiaries are financially independent, and they are managed in accordance with their own articles of associations and commercial principles, employment, financial and transaction by-laws.

Article 5-The company’s activities duration is unlimited. Article 6-The company’s capital amounts to ten million Rials (IRR 10,000,000) divided into 100 name stocks each stock amounts to 100,000 Rials. All the stocks belong to the government. Note – Changes in the capital will be proposed by an extraordinary general assembly observing the related rules and regulations.

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Chapter 2-Operation and Duties Article 7-The subject of the company’s operation includes the

management of the company’s stocks and capitals in subsidiaries and taking action regarding the detection, studies, development, conservation and efficient operation of water resources, water installation and structures (except for the areas related to water distribution and urban and rural sewage disposal systems and wastewater treatment) and hydropower potentials as well as supervision management and investment within the framework of the related obligations and regulations, and the policies of the Ministry of Energy performed by subsidiaries and or as occasion arises done by the company confirmed by the general assembly. They come as follows: 1- To act as an agency of the Ministry of Energy to enforce the Law of Fair Distribution of Water and other rules and regulations related to water, including the management and control of water resources operation and basic researches and water resources quantity and quality conservation. 2- To examine and compile required proposals in respect of strategies policies, long and medium term plans of water sector to be submitted to the Ministry of Energy. 3- To enforce the plans and approvals of the Ministry of Energy. 4- To collect, prepare, provide and analyze basic information required to detect and study water resources quality and quantity. 5- To direct and supervise the recognition, study and implementation of the projects of water supply and transfer, irrigation and drainage networks, dam stability and safety, river and bank engineering, flood control, artificial recharge and hydropower energy generation as well as to direct and supervise the operation of the related installations and structures. Note: Hydropower energy generation is undertaken by the subsidiaries observing operation instructions and supervised by National Dispatching Protection Center of National Power Grid. 6- To provide and compile the instructions and techniques of the efficient consumption of water resources to be submitted to the Ministry of Energy for approval. 7- To take required measures for the supervision of water resources consumption techniques in various sectors consuming water as the representative of the Ministry of Energy and to promulgate consumption management culture for optimized consumption and reduction of unnecessary consumption. 8- To provide technical and specialized instructions, codes, criteria and standards required for the construction, maintenance and operation of water installations and structures and to submit them to the Ministry

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of Energy for approval. 9- To take measures for the development of researches, technology, and know- how and information transfer in respect of water and hydropower energy and finance and support these measures. 10- To take measures for training human resources and other actions promoting the management and productivity of operating water installations and structures and hydropower systems. 11- To support the development of training and researches on water sector and training courses to promote the experts required by water sector. 12- To establish membership in domestic and international scientific and technical associations and institutes within the framework of the related laws and regulations. 13- Cooperation with domestic and foreign organizations and scientific information exchanges to perform the company’s duties. 14- To compile and suggest water tariffs for the customers of the subsidiaries to the Ministry of Energy and coordination with the related organizations to confirm and supervise the enforcement of tariffs in the subsidiaries. 15- To conclude the related contracts for wholesale transactions of water and hydropower energy via the subsidiaries. 16- The management, development and providing of financial resources to invest in the installations supplying and transferring water and hydropower energy in accordance with the approved plans and efficient consumption of these resources through facilities and financial resources circulation among the company and subsidiaries. 17- To establish financial and executive management strategies and required techniques for being assured of implementing the projects and other activities duly and correctly. 18- To arrange and receive loans and financial facilities from domestic and foreign resources, issue bonds, establish domestic partnership and prepaid subscriptions and other methods of financing as well as to guarantee the subsidiaries to receive loan and facilities observing the regulations and instructions approved by the general assembly. 19- To plan and take measure for providing financial resources, encouraging public participation and private sector and absorbing capitals on the basis of the related rules and regulations to develop the capacities for the implementation of water projects and the operation of the related installations. 20- To take action and support private sector participation in the researches, construction, operation and maintenance of water and hydropower projects and the related installations on the basis of the

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related standards and regulations. 21- To coordinate and regulate technical financial and administrative relations among the subsidiaries as well as the company as well as the subsidiaries and the subsidiaries. 22- The appraisal of the subsidiaries’ annual operation regarding technical, financial and administrative management and human resources. 23- The establishment of new relevant companies and partnership with other related companies observing the related regulations. 24- To perform any operation related to the company’s objectives. Chapter 3 – The Pillars of the Company

Article 8 – The pillars of the company come as follows: 1-General Assembly 2-Board of Directors and Managing Director. 3-Inspector and Auditor. A- General Assembly

Article 9: General Assembly is composed of the following members: 1-Minister of Energy – Chairman 2-Minister of Finance and Economic Affairs 3-Head of Management and Planning Organization 4-Minister of Agricultural Jihad 5-Minister of Industries and Mines.

Article 10- The Company’s General Assemblies Include: 1-Ordinary General Assembly 2-Extraordinary General Assembly

Article 11-Ordinary general assembly is held at least twice a year to examine and make decision on financial statements, combined financial statements, study and approve the company’s budget and deal with other issues included in the agenda.

Article 12-Ordinary general assembly is officially held when a majority of members are present. Extraordinary general assembly is held officially when at least 4 members are present. Resolutions are valid by three votes (pros) in the ordinary general assembly and by four votes (pros) in extraordinary general assembly. The chairman of ordinary or extraordinary general assembly calls for a session informing its date, place and agenda. Enclosed an invitation to the session the agenda and the records related to the issues of the agenda are submitted ten days before the session to the members.

Article 13- Ordinary general assembly duties are as follows: 1- To examine and approve the company’s policy and operation programs. 2- Election of the company’s chairman and board of directors members

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for two years proposed by Minister of Energy. 3- Election of the company’s inspector and auditor. 4- To consider and decide on the company’s annual operation reports, financial statements, combined financial statements and budget. 5- To decide on savings and dividends observing the related rules and regulations.1

6- To fix the board of directors’ salary and fringe benefits and the inspector’s and auditor’s fees and to select a newspaper with a wide circulation. 7- Approval of receiving loans and credits from domestic and foreign sources observing the related regulations. 8- To consider and approve the company’s master organization chart, and decide on the required posts and manpower employment programs of the company. 9- Suggestions on the company’s financial, transaction and employment bylaws to the cabinet for approval.2

10- To decide on the establishment of new companies or enter into partnership with other companies in accordance with the related rules and regulations. 11- To decide on the board of director’s proposal for the settlement of disputes referred to arbitration observing the 139th

principle of the Islamic Republic of Iran constitution. 12- Approval and notification of principles for the board of directors’ appointment and manpower organization charts of the subsidiaries. 13- To approve and notify the principles of investment for the subsidiaries. 14- To consider and decide on transferring the company’s transferable stocks to the subsidiaries. 15- To approve the principles fixing the fees for agency affairs. 16- Decision on other issues observing the regulations of the articles of association included in the ordinary general assembly’s agenda.

Article 14-Extraordinary general assembly’s duties are as follows: (1) and (2) - on the strength of the Cabinet’s approval No 30002 D/12716 dated 19, June, 2004 the text has been amended.

1- Decision on increasing or decreasing capital, within the framework of law, suggested to the Cabinet for approval. 2- To consider and decide on the amendment and reform of the articles of the company’s articles of association, within the framework of regulations, suggested to the Cabinet for approval. 3- To consider and decide on the company’s liquidation, within the framework of regulations, suggested to the Cabinet for approval.

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B- Board of Directors and Managing Director Article 15-The company’s board of directors are composed of three or

five members appointed from qualified persons relevant to the activities of the company for two years approved by ordinary general assembly. The board of directors after the expiration period are reinstated in their positions up to the time of the appointment of a new board of directors. The board of directors are authorized to be appointed for the next periods. They appoint one of the members among themselves as a vice chairman. Note 1-The board of directors’ chairman is considered as the Deputy Minister of Energy. Note 2-Every member of the board of directors is employed as fulltime staff member of the company or subsidiaries. The board of directors entrust this member with the task of directing part of the company’s or several subsidiaries’ operations.

Article 16-Ordinary general assembly is authorized to select two substitute members to act as the members of the board of directors when one or two members may die or resign or can not continue their jobs. Therefore, the substitute members are replaced if confirmed by the chairman of general assembly.

Article 17-The board of directors’ sessions are considered official when the majority of the members participate, and decisions are made on the basis of the majority of votes.

Article 18-The board of directors’ sessions are held regularly at least once a month and the chairman sends the agenda to the members one week before the session to be held. Note 1-The chairman chairs the sessions. In his absence, his deputy supersedes. Note 2-In case of necessities, extraordinary sessions are held with a written request made by two members of the board of directors.

Article 19- The board of directors have a book in which minutes and opponents’ comments will be registered and signed by the members participated in the session. The chairman is responsible for the notification and follow – up action of the board of directors’ approvals.

Article 20-The members of the board of directors of the company and subsidiaries are not authorized to hold positions (obligatory or nonobligatory) in other specialized mother companies and their subsidiaries. They receive their salaries and fringe benefits from one of the companies in which they perform the board of directors’ duties.

Article 21-The board of directors has full authority to take any action and transactions related to the subject of the company’s operation that are not clearly within the competence of general assemblies. The board of directors has the following authorities: 1- To propose the policy and confirm the company’s management

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operation programs and submit them to ordinary general assembly for approval. 2- To consider and confirm the company’s budget, annual operation report and financial statements and combined financial statements submitted to general assembly for approval. 3- Confirmation of financial, transaction and employment bylaws to be submitted to ordinary general assembly.3

4- To examine and suggest changes or amendment to the articles of association or the company or the subsidiaries liquidation within the framework of regulations to the general assembly of the Specialized Mother Company. 5- Proposal for making changes in the company’s capital to the general assembly. 6- Internal bylaws consideration and confirmation to manage the company. 7- To consider and suggest the establishment of specialized working groups relevant to the duties. 8- To suggest the acquisition of bank loans or credits from banks and credit institutions to the general assembly. 9- Proposal for a compromise on disputes and referring to arbitration and arbitrator assignment and reclamation to the general assembly observing the related regulations. 10- Considering and making decisions on the issues brought up in the board of directors by chairman and managing director, unless they are included in the duties of other competent authorities. 11- To appoint subsidiaries’ board of directors members. 12- To appoint inspectors and auditors for subsidiaries in accordance with the related rules and regulations. 13- To control and make decision on the subsidiaries’ financial statements and annual budget. 14- To appoint representatives with full powers participating in the subsidiaries’ general assemblies. 3 –On the strength of the cabinet’s approval no 30002 D/12716 dated June 19,2004, the text has been amended

Note - The company’s board of directors act simultaneously on behalf of the Specialized Mother Company for the stocks of the company in the subsidiaries’ general assemblies. 15- To audit the operations, transactions and activities of the company and subsidiaries. This audit must never result in creating any problem in the operation of the company and subsidiaries. 16- To consider and make decision on all types of partnership and investment by the subsidiaries within the framework of the general assembly’s approvals. 17- To compile investment principles for the subsidiaries and suggest

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them to the general assembly. 18- The compilation of programs for human resources promotion to train and promote managers in the subsidiaries while observing the related rules and regulations. 19- To arrange transferable companies for sale while observing the related rules and regulations. 20- To approve the subsidiaries’ policies and strategies within the framework of general assemblies’ approvals and the Ministry of Energy policies. 21- To consider and approve the master organization chart and manpower employment programs of the subsidiaries within the framework of the general assembly approvals. 22- To approve the company’s detailed organization within the framework of the company’s master organization chart and general assembly’s approvals.

Article 22- The board of directors are obliged to submit one copy of the company’s and subsidiaries’ financial statements, combined financial statements and the board of directors’ report to be considered and made comment by the company’s inspector and auditor within the fixed period. Note: The indispensable principles and standards of accounting are the bases to prepare and present the company’s financial statements.

Article 23-The board of directors, assuming full responsibility for the consequences, are authorized to vest part of their authorities in the managing director.

Article 24- The managing director has the highest executive position of the company and is selected for two years among the members of the board of directors or out of them by the board of directors and is appointed by the Energy Minister’s order. The managing director is responsible to manage the company within the framework of rules and regulations and the articles of association. The managing director, assuming full responsibility for the consequences, is authorized to vest part of his duties and authorities in one of the company’s personnel.

Article 25- In case of the expiry of the managing director’s management his measures are effective and valid until a new managing director is assigned.

Article 26- The managing director’s duties come as follows: 1- To enforce the general assemblies’ and board of directors’ approvals. 2- To provide and arrange the company’s and subsidiaries’ annual budget, financial and combined financial statements and submit them to the board of directors. 3- To provide and arrange the company’s operation program and submit it to the board of directors.

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4- To manage the company’s technical, financial, administrative and employment affairs. 5- To propose the company’s financial, transaction and employment bylaws to the board of directors. 6- To propose the company’s detailed organization chart to the board of directors within the framework of the general assembly approvals. 7- To arrange the contracts related to the clauses (1) and (3) of the Article (7) of the articles of association and submit them to the board of directors for approval. 8- The supervision of good performance of the company’s articles of association and bylaws and the measures taken to manage the company properly within the framework of the related rules and regulations. 9- To act as an agency on behalf of the company to deal with domestic or foreign judicial authorities and real and legal entities and to have the right of appointing an attorney who is authorized to give power of attorney to third person as an attorney. 10- To perform all the employment affairs within the scope of the organization chart, budget and the general assembly’s approvals. 11- To make decision and take measure in respect of the company’s affairs and operations except for the general assembly’s and board of directors’ duties.

Article 27- The company’s all cheques, financial documents, contracts and undertaken documents must be signed by the managing director and/or her or his representative and one of the members of the board of directors or the board of directors’ elected representative. Office correspondences are signed by the managing director of her or his representative. All the cheques must be signed by the controller or her or his representative in addition to the above mentioned persons’ signatures. C- Legal Inspector and Independent Auditor

Article 28- The company has a legal inspector and independent auditor that are elected for one year confirmed by the general assembly in accordance with the related rules and regulations. Note (1) The measures taken by the inspector and auditor as their duties must not prevent the company’s routine operations. Note: (2)When the general assembly have selected an inspector or auditor on the basis of the law of using specialized and professional services given by certified public accountants approved in 1993, they can select an alternate inspector or auditor on the basis of the same law. Therefore, if the original inspector or auditor can not perform his or her duties confirmed by the chairman of the general assembly, this alternate

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inspector or auditor will fulfill his or her duties4

Chapter 4-Financial Statements

Article 29-The company’s fiscal year begins on the 1st day of 1st month (March 20) of every solar year and ends at the end of the last month (March 19) of the same solar year.

Article 30-The company’s financial statements must be submitted to the inspector at a legal specified time. Chapter 5-Other Regulations.

Article 31-The company and the subsidiaries, from the viewpoint of policies, plans and development measures and operation, are subject to the Ministry of Energy rules and regulations.

Article 32-The company is obliged to provide the bylaws included in the articles of association within a period of six months and to enforce them after being approved by the Cabinet5. Previous regulations are effective and valid until the bylaws to be approved.

Article 33- Subsidiary is a company whose stocks belong to the company (Iran Water Resource Management Company). If more than 50% of stocks belongs to the company then it is entitled a subsidiary. The titles of the subsidiaries are enclosed. By virtue of Guardian Council’s letters No.82/30/2768 dated 12, April 2003 and No. 82/30/2739 dated 7, April, 2003, this council confirmed the articles of association. 3

Mohammad Reza Aref, First Vice President (4) and (5)- on the strength of the Cabinet’s approval no.30002 D/12716 dated June 19, 2004, the text has been amended

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Iran Water Resources Management Company's Perspective. (Obtained form the general policies of the Islamic Republic of Iran on "Water Resources" approved on January 13, 2001 by the Supreme Leaders Office.) The establishment of water resources management integrated system considering supply and demand management in water cycle with in the framework of land use planning for the country's basins taking in to account water economic security political social and environmental value in its desirable exploitation supply conservation and consumption to attain the country's sustainable development.

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添付資料 3-4 Environment Protection Law of Iran

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添付資料 4-1 DOE/UNDP EIA Guideline

Environmental Impact Assessment

Capacity building and institutional strengthening in Iran

This is an Environmental site about the project IRA/97/ 0 17/A/O L/99 by UNDP (United Nations

Development Program) and the Department of the Environment in Iran.

ANNEX TO THE MINUTES OF THE MEETING OF 23RD DEC 1997

ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION HIGH COUNCIL

BY-LAWS (GUIDELINE) OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS ASSESSMENT

In order to implement the decision of Environment Protection High Council made on 23rd

march1994, the guideline for preparing report on environmental impact assessment (EIA) should

be as follows:

Article 1- The implementing bodies of plans and projects, inserted in article 2, should prepare

the report on EIA according to this guideline, as well as the report on project feasibility and site

selection studies.

Article 2- Plans and projects, falling under this guideline, are as follows:

a. Petrochemical factories at any size.

b. Refineries at any size.

c. Power plant station with the capacity of 100 mw and more.

d. Steel industries under the following two sectors:

1) Firms producing raw material for steel mills with the annual capacity of

300,000 t., and more.

2) Rolling and forming plants with the annual capacity of 100,000 t., and

more.

e. Dams and other water structures in the following three sectors:

1) Dams with the height of 15 m., and more or having side structures of

more than 40 ha or lake with the area of 400 ha and more.

Note :1- Inactive tail (for maintaining polluted substances) at any size, are subject to EIA.

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2) Man-made lakes with the area of 400 ha, and more.

Note 2- The size of the lakes for fish farming with the area of 400 ha and less should be decided

in coordination with the Ministry of Jihade Sazandegi and Department of Environment (DOE).

3) Irrigation and drainage plans and projects with the area of 25000 ha,

and more.

f. Industrial estates (of any type) with the area of 100 ha, and more.

g. Airports with the runway length of 2000 m, and more.

Article 3- Above types of projects (regardless of their dimensions) coming within the impact

able limits of the plans and projects ,inserted in article 2, are subject to the EIA.

Article 4- Above types of projects (regardless of their dimensions) coming within the impacted

limits of projects or inside the special biotic regions, are subject to the EIA.

Note 1- list of special biotic regions together with their situation and the impactable distance,

approved by the official authorities, are published regularly by DOE.

Note 2- list, situation and impactable and impacted distance of the existing 7 types of projects

in country (according to the definition of article 2) are prepared, and published by DOE.

Article 5- The implementing bodies of the plans and projects which are subject to the EIA,

should submit a preliminary report to DOE, and DOE after studying it announces the important

and key points (at most within a month)that are to be considered by the implementing bodies

during the assessment.

Note - All the environmental by-laws and regulations which are approved by the official

authorities and should be observed during the EIA, are prepared by DOE.

Article 6- The implementing bodies of projects, falling under this pattern, should prepare the

report on the EIA with regard to the announced points by DOE and the related by-laws.

The reports should be prepared by experts, scientific centers and specialized firms whose

competence is confirmed by related authorities.

Note - Until the establishment of the appropriate firms and centers falling within this guideline,

the Plan and Budget Organization in coordination with the DOE is responsible for publishing the

preliminary list.

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Article 7- The EIA is prepared for two situations by main activities:

1) Construction period

2) Operation period

Producers of the assessment suggest the necessary measures for reducing the negative

environmental impact as well as the expenses.

Article 8- At the end of the report, the recommendation of the producers of the EIA is stated in

one of the following three ways:

a. Implementation of the plan or project is not recommended.

b. Implementation of the plan or project is possible provided that the

necessary measures for reducing the environmental impact are taken.

c. Implementation of the plan or project is possible needless to take any

important measure.

Article 9- DOE announces its viewpoint within 3 months (at most) regarding the announced

criteria.

Note 1- In order to coordinate affairs related to the EIA of plans and projects, a scientific

committee, consisting of experts and academicians, under the supervision of head of DOE is

formed. The committee is responsible for the scientific side of the assessment and consists of

the following members:

Head of DOE as the chairperson of the committee.

Five experts and academicians who are appointed by the head of DOE.

Representative of Plan and Budget Organization.

Representative of Forests and Pastures Organization.

Representative of Iran standard and Industrial Research Institute.

Representative of the ministry or organization pertaining to the proposed plan or project.

Note 2- If the implementation or operation of development plan(s) or project(s), regarding the

results of the EIA, contradicts the laws and regulations of the environment protection, D.O.E will

inform the related ministry or Institute of the case, so that a solution could be found and the

project would be reviewed.

In the case of disagreement, The Iranian President’s decision will be put into effect.

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Article 10- The dimensions to be studied for the environmental impacts, in the case of all 7

types of projects, after studying the existing environmental situation, are as follows:

a. Environmental impacts on physical environment.

1) Impacts on land: morphology and qualitative.

2) Impacts on water: water quality and quantity.

3) Impacts on land, air and sound: air and rainfall changes, air quality.

4) Secondary impacts on soil, water and air.

b. Environmental impacts on natural environment:

1) Impacts on the plant species.

2) Impacts on the animal species.

3) Impacts on habitats, landscapes and birds’ migration route.

c. Impacts on social and cultural environment:

1) Impacts on the people’s health and environment.

2) Impacts on social environment: employment, housing, education.

.3) Impacts on cultural environment: people’s religious and cultural

beliefs, cultural heritage.

d. Environmental impacts on the development plans:

1) Impacts on the other agricultural, industrial and service development

plans in the region.

2) Impacts on the regional spatial plan.

3) Impacts on the regional lands use.

This guideline, consisting of 10 Articles and 8 notes, was ratified by the High council of

Environment protection on 23rd Dec. 1997.

Implementing Mechanism and Guidelines

By laws(guideline)of Environmental Impacts Assessment

According to the by- laws (guideline) of EIA, ratified in 10 articles and 8 notes by the High

Council of Environment Protection on 23rd Dec.1997, the implementing body of projects , falling

under the Article 2 of this by-laws, are obliged to prepare report on EIA.

In order to achieve the objectives of the by-laws and systematically implement its content as

well as to facilitate and expedite the process of studying and reviewing the assessment reports,

the office for environmental assessment of DOE , on the basis of terms of reference, specified

in the ,guideline has articulated an essential and harmonized framework for preparing report on

preliminary assessment (Article 5) and EIS (Article 6) as well as for the phases of reviwing and

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assessing the reports (from receiving the request for studying to announcing the final (result).

The framework is as follows:

The first step to achieve this objective is to clarify legal procedures of the way of sending the

reports in the organiization. To this end, attached chart (No.1) was prepared on the basis of the

contents inserted in the by - laws of EIS.

The next step to articulate the implemention mechnism of the said by- laws is to present a

framework and guideline for the preparation of “summary of plan“ and “summary of preliminary

assessment”. The list of content of each of these reports can be used from tables 1 and 2.

Furthermore, some guidelines have been inserted in order to enrich the reports and also to

prevent the waste of time and energy.

Next step of the office is to articulate and suggest a directory for the preparation of EIS.

This report is prepared after preliminary review of the “summary of preliminary report “ and , if

necessary , completion of the information and inclusion of the reviewing group’s suggestions.

Special mechnisms and guidelines for each of the 7 types of projects inserted in Article 2 of the

by- laws are going to be prepared by forming specialized committees ( consisting of experts,

specialists and academicians) in the office of environmental assessment. Furthermore, The

primary and final reviews of the assessment reports are also performed by the committees.

Questionaries and checklists are being prepared to make sure of observing the artticles

inserted in the by-laws as well as harmonized assessment of the reports.

Another measure taken by the office of environmental assessment is to specify and state the

procedure of reviewing the reports,the relevant criteria and standards and its implementing

processes so that the directorates general of D.O.E in provinces as well as producers of the final

reports are in the process of reviewing.

Guidelines and proposals for the preparation of “Preliminary Assessment Report”

In order to make the report more comprehensive and expedite the process of reviewing, the

observations of the following cases are recommended:

1) In each “preliminary assessment report “main information should be inserted on the

first page and before the non- technical summary. The information consists of the name of

organization or ministry in question, name and the specifications of the representative of

project implementing body for keeping the connection, name of advisor and producer of

the report, type of report and date of its production.

2) Using the maps, pictures, charts and tables to present the figures and information and

to state the results is an effective way for reviewers and decision makers to get familiar

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with the project.

3) The content of the report should be clear and easy to understand. Using the vague

expressions, difficult words and complex analyses in the report would make the process of

the review difficult.

4) Use very specialized information should be prevented. These types of figures can be put,

if necessary, in the annexes together with their references.

5) Reports should be prepared scientifically, logically, and without any bias so that the

decision makers have the opportunity of independent analysis.

6) The arrangement of chapters and sections in the report should be in accordance with the

cases inserted in the guide for preparation of “preliminary assessment report” (table 2).

7) To complete the information and to be sure of their authencity, the opportunity of

visiting project sites, if necessary, should be provided.

8) Presenting the real and accurate information, studying the actual effects and drawing

logical conclusion by the report producers would make the task of recommendation easier

and more reliable and prevents the waste of time and energy for data control.

9) Before the “preliminary assessment” begins, it would be much better to collect and study

all the environmental laws, regulations, by- laws, standards and criteria related to the

project.

10) Non- technical outline in the preliminary report should be able to answer the following

questions:

• What is the type and objective of project?

• What are the needs and necessities for project implementation?

• What processes and operations does the proposed project have?

• Where is the project implemented?

• What processes does the project consist of? When does each one begin? And how

long does it take?

• How is the general situation of environment in the region?

• What are effects of the implementation of project?

• What types of measures are taken to reduce the negative impacts of project?

Table1- A guide to the preparation of” summary of plan” form (report) (12 pages at

most)

1) Name of company.

2) Name of proprietor.

3) Name of project.

4) Name and address of project implementing body.

5) Purpose of project and the necessity of its implementation.

6) Type and general specifications of project.

7) Implementing phases of project and their timetables (preparation, construction…).

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8) Project activities (production line and secondary activities).

9) Type and amount of resources and raw materials consumed their place of provision,

production capacity and the type and amount of main and secondary products.

10) Proposed place for the project implementation, location choices and the reasons of

selecting the proposed place or places.

11) Infrastructural needs (roads, public services, housing…) and the existing resources.

12) An estimate of the needed manpower.

13) List of the negative and positive impacts of project implementation.

14) List of all types of important pollutants and wastes (air pollutants, industrial wastes,

sewage and rubbish and radiation…produced through processes and operations).

15) List of preventive, controlling and reducing measures for each environmental impact.

Note: It is recommended that items 13, 14 and 15 be summarized, if possible, in one page.

Table 2-A guide to the preparation of “Summary Preliminary Assessment Report” for a project

The preliminary assessment report of a project includes the following cases and should be in 50

pages (at most):

1. non-technical summary includes : type and specifications of a project; existing choices, an

outline of the existing environmental situation; main project impacts on environment;

preventive, reducing and controlling programs for the negative impacts, and drawing the

conclusion of environmental assessment(3 pages at most).

2. Description of the proposed plan or project (10 pages at most).

2.1. Title of the plan.

2.2. Objectives, needs, and necessities of the plan.

2.3. Position of the project regarding the general policies and programs in country.

2.4. Environmental laws, regulations and standards related to the project.

2.5. Situation of the project proposed place (on the map, and referring to the distance from all

existing uses in the region).

2.6. Technical and land alternatives for the project.

2.7. General phasing of the project (preparation, construction, implementation and

operation…) and future development plans.

2.8. Anticipated processes and operations in the project (production, services……) and

production diagram.

2.9. Side facilities and future projects (construction of roads, buildings and public services….).

2.10. Plan specifications in each alternatives and phases include :

2.10.1. Production capacities.

2.10.2. General estimate of investment ( Rials and foreign exchange value )

2.10.3. An estimate of the type and amount of raw materials, their place of provision and

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way of transfer.

2.10.4. An estimate of the type and amount of resources (water, energy, fuel….) and their

cases of consumption, place of provision and way of transfer.

2.10.5. An estimate of manpower and place of provision.

2.10.6. An estimate of the type and amount of main and secondary products.

3. The preparation phase and infrastructural measures leading to the environmental change

and destruction include : excavation, removal of plant coverage, construction of inactive pool,

drainage change, digging and explosion, change of surface water route, construction of roads,

public and service facilities…….( 2 pages at most )

4. Main pollutants and wastes produced through processes and operations in each of the

alternatives and plan phases include: air pollutants, industrial wastes, wastes and garbage,

sounds, vibrations, radiation … (5 pages at most).

4.1. Weather and climate (descending, temperature and evaporation in 5-15 year duration) air

pollution and their main resources.

4.2. Sound and vibration (sound level), sound pollution and their main resources.

4.3. natural environment ( land and water habitats including list of plant and animal

populations as well as rare and valuable species, four types of environmental zones ).

4.4. social, economic and cultural environment ( population and characteristics and its

development, employment, housing, education, health, cultural and religious beliefs,

cultural heritage )

4.5. Development plans and land use (agricultural, industrial and services development plans

in the region, land use of the region and country spatial plan.

4.5.1. Anticipation of the negative and positive impacts of the plan on each of the

proposed alternatives and phases (10 pages at most).

4.5.2. Impact on physical environment (earth, geological characteristics, water climate).

4.5.3. Impact on social, economic and cultural environment (population, employment,

housing, education, and health, cultural and religious beliefs, cultural heritage and

….).

4.5.4. Impact on the other development plans and land uses in the region.

5. dangers , accidents and plan risks in each of the proposed alternatives and phases including :

possibility of explosion, leakage, impacts of natural disasters and unexpected events ( 2 pages

at most )

6. description of existing situation of the region’s environment in the following fields, before the

plan implementation for each of the proposed alternatives ( together with map and preferably

in the form of tables and charts ) ( 12 pages at most ) :

6.1. Definition of the study limit and showing on the map.

6.2. Physical environment.

6.2.1. Pedology (type and capabilities of work, slope, and erosion and…….) earth

pollutants and their main resources.

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6.2.2. Geology (topology, earthquake susceptibility, land slide and displacement…).

6.2.3. Water resources (situation, quality and quantity of surface and underground

waters, situation of drainage in the region and flood and drought regimes) water

pollutions and their main resources, current consumption of water resources.

7. Preventive, mitigation and controlling methods for each of the negative environmental

impacts related to the plan activities (6 pages at most).

7.1. Proposing the specific methods of reducing impacts on physical, natural, social, economic

and cultural environments.

7.2. Presenting the general program of environmental management for measuring and

monitoring the environmental impacts and inspection and supervision on the good

implementation of proposed measures related to the control and reduction.

7.3. Resources and references used in the preparation of the summary assessment report,

offices, organization, real and legal persons.

8. Name, qualifications, responsibilities and assessment experiences of each of the advisors and

producers of the preliminary assessment report.

9. Annexes.

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添付資料 4-1 DOE EIA Manual

The diagram of the review procedure of the environmental evaluation reports

Table 2

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The list of the directions for the evaluation studies of the environmental outcomes

directions of the evaluation studies of the environmental

outcomes 1 Petrochemical plants 2 Industrial towns 3 Forestry plans 4 Highways 5 Railway 6 Thermal power plants 7 Airports 8 Dams 9 Large industrial slaughterhouses

10 Steel industries 11 Refineries 12 Irrigation and drainage projects 13 Agriculture and industries 14 Places for urban garbage burial 15 Urban garbage burning places

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Directions and suggestions for preparing the brief evaluation report

Below are some suggestions for making the report more comprehensive and accelerating its review

process:

1- In each brief evaluation report, the main information should be placed on the first page and

before the non-technical abstract. This information includes name, subject of the plan, name of the

executive (the employer or investor of the plan, name of the ministry or organization in charge,

name and particulars of the executive for keeping the contact, name of the consultant and those

responsible for preparing the report, the type of the report and the date of preparation).

2- Using map, picture, diagram and table to show statistics, information and results is an effective

way to help raters and decision makers know the project and comprehend the subjects.

3- The subjects of the reports should be simple, clear and frank. Using vague constructs, difficult

expressions, and complicated analyses in the report will make the examination process difficult.

4- Very professional information should not be offered. Such statistics and information, when

needed, should be mentioned in the indices with their references.

5- The report should be scientific, logical, and free from showing partial and bised views so that the

readers have the opportunity to analyze the subjects independently and without any bias.

6- The order of sections and chapters of the report should be in accordance with the items

mentioned the directions for preparing the brief evaluation report (table 2).

7- To complete the information and make sure the information is precise and accurate, there must

be the opportunity to examine and visit some regional and local options in the project place, if

needed.

8- Providing real and precise information, examining real effects, drawing a logical conclusion by

the person who is going to prepare the report, in addition to make mutual trust, make the evaluation

process easier and more reliable and prevent wasting of the time and energy for controlling

information.

9- Before brief evaluation, all laws, regulations, by-laws, criteria and standards, which are related

to the proposed plan, are better to be gathered and the agreement of the plan with them is better to

be examined.

0- Non-technical abstract in brief report should answer these questions:

- Type of plan and the goal of its implementation.

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- What are the needs and necessities of the plan implementation?

- What are the processes and operations of the proposed plan?

- Where is the plan going to be implemented?

- What are the general conditions of the region’s environment and its sensitivities?

- What are the most important environmental aspects of the plan?

- What are the importance and range of the most important environmental aspects of the plan?

- What factors will be influenced by the plan implementation.

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Directions for preparing the summary of the plan

(Less than 12 pages)

1- Name of the company.

2- Name of the employer.

3- Name of the project.

4- Name and the address of the executive.

5- The goal of the implementation of the plan and its necessity.

6- Type and general characteristics of the project.

7- Executive phases of the project and their timing (preparation, manufacturing, etc.)

8- Activities of the Project (production line, secondary activities)

9- Type and amount of resources and materials and their sources of finance, production

capacity, and type and amount of primary and secondary products.

10- The proposed location for the implementation of the project, locational options and the

reasons to choose the proposed location or locations.

11- Fundamental needs (way, general services, location, etc.) and existing facilities.

12- Preparing required human resources.

13- General conditions of the region’s environment and its sensitivities.

14- Providing the plan of the location of implementation, relative to the nearest fourfold

districts of the organization of environment conservation.

15- The list of the varieties of the important pollutants and wastes (air pollutants, industrial

and hygienic drains, wastes, garbage, noises and rays and other things which are produced

by processes and operations.

16- List of positive (beneficent) outcomes and negative (undesirable) effects of the plan

implementation.

17- Importance and range of the most important environmental aspect of the plan.

18- List of actions for prevention, control and reduction of each environmental effect.

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Directions for preparing the brief evaluation report of the plan

Brief evaluation report of the plan should include the following items in less than 50 pages:

1- non-technical abstract, including type and characteristics of the project, existing options, a

summary of the current environmental conditions, important effects of the plan on the environment

and plans for prevention, reduction and controlling of the undesirable effects, and conclusion from

environmental evaluation (less than 3 pages).

2- Explaining the proposed plan or project (less than 10 pages).

2-1- The plan title.

2-2- Objectives, needs and necessities of the plan.

2-3- The position of the plan in relation to major plans and policies of the country.

2-4- Environmental laws, regulations, and standards related to the plan.

2-5- Proposed location of the plan (on the map with referring to all distances from all existing

efficiencies of the region).

2-6- Technical and locational options of the plan.

2-7- Determining the general phases of the plan (preparation, manufacturing, implementation and

putting into operation, etc.) and future development plans.

2-8- Explaining elaborately the activities of the plan based on the phase of occurrence and

operation.

2-9- Production line diagram, and explaining the processes for industrial and mineral (productive)

units.

2-10- Peripheral constructions and succeeding projects (construction of ways, buildings, general

services, etc.).

2-11- Characteristics of the plan in each phase and option of the plan including:

2-11-1- Providing production capacity, (with regard to industrial, mineral, constructional and

productive plans such as power plants) or offering the level in which the services are provided for

construction and services plans (construction of ways, airports, gas pipelines, etc.).

2-11-2- Estimating financial and foreign exchange investments.

2-11-3- Estimating the type and amount of the materials, the source of finance for them, and the

method of transference.

2-11-4- Estimating the type and amount of resources (water, energy, fuel, etc.) and substance that

are going to be consumed, their location and the method of transferring them.

2-11-5- Estimating the human resources and the way of preparing them.

2-11-6- Estimating the amount of primary and secondary products (for productive plans).

3- [It has not been scanned properly] ….. drainage, excavation, explosion, changing the path of

superficial waters, sources of loans, constructing roads, general and service establishments, etc.,

(less than 2 pages).

4- pollutants and wastes by processes and operations in each option and phase of the plan

including air pollutants, industrial and hygienic drains, wastes, garbage, noises and rays, etc., (less

than 5 pages).

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5- Dangers, disasters, lack of safety related to the plan in each proposed phase and option including

explosion probability, subsidence, the results of occurrence of the natural disasters and unexpected

events (in less than 2 pages).

6- Explaining the current environmental conditions of the region:

In the following field, before the implementation of the plan for each proposed option (with maps,

preferably in form of tables and diagrams less than 12 pages).

6-1- Definition of the study scope and demonstrating on the map

6-2- Physical environment including:

6-2-1- Pedology (type and capabilities, gradient, erosion, etc.,) soil pollution and its major sources.

6-2-2- Geology (such as topography, seismology, etc.,).

6-2-3- Water resources (location, quality and quantity of superficial and subterranean waters, the

state of drainage and the region’s torrential and droughty periods), water pollutions and their

important sources, current consumption of water.

6-2-4- Climate and region (regional state of the compass card, snowfall and rainfall, temperature,

and evaporation within a period of 5 to 10 years), air pollutions and their important sources.

6-2-5- Sound, vibration, sound pollution, and their important sources.

6-3- Natural environment (marine and land habitats, with mentioning the list of plant, animal and

valuable and rare species societies, fourfold environmental districts).

6-4- Social, economic and cultural environment (population and its characteristics and alterations,

employment, facilities, education, health, cultural and religious beliefs, cultural heritage).

6-5- Briefly introducing all development plans of the study scope that are ratified or in process of

execution (agricultural, industrial and services development plans, with demonstrating them

relative to the implementation site….)

7- Predicting the positive and negative effects and outcomes of the plan for each proposed phase

(less than 10 pages) as follows:

7-1- Effect on physical environment (topography, soil, geological characteristics, water, climate

and region).

7-2- Effect on natural environment (plant and animal societies, marine and land habitats).

7-3- Effect on social, economic and cultural environment (population, employment, house,

education, health, cultural and religious beliefs, and cultural heritage).

7-4- Effect on efficiencies of the lands and other development plans of study scope.

8- Analyzing the effects on efficiencies and environmental outcomes of the plan and making

inference.

9- Environmental management and supervision of the plan:

9-1- Providing prevention, reduction and control methods for each negative environmental effect

related to the activities of the plan (less than 6 pages).

9-2- Providing the plan of environmental management for measuring and supervising

environmental effects and inspecting the way the proposed control and reduction actions are carried

out.

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10- Resources and references that are used in preparing the brief evaluation report, organizations,

governmental organizations, actual and legal persons.

11- Name, particulars, responsibility, and evaluation experiences of each consultant and those who

are preparing the brief evaluation report.

12- Indices.

Instructions for investigating evaluation reports

Description

Article 1- goals:

1- Carrying out the article 105 of the third country’s Development Plan Act.

2- Investigating the evaluation reports submitted to the organization of environment conservation

and deciding about them.

3- Supervising how well the plans that their environmental evaluation has been done and have been

approved by the organization, are being carried out, and making sure that the activities are in

accordance with the approved managerial plans.

Article 2- investigation committee:

investigation committee for evaluating environmental reports is made of the following people:

1- Deputy of human environment (the head of the committee)

2- Director General of the environmental evaluation office (the secretary of the committee)

3- Expert from the environmental evaluation office.

4- Deputy of natural environment and biologic diversity department.

5- Expert from university.

6- One person from NGOs who is selected by the committee.

7- Director General of the organization of environment conservation of the province or his

representative with full powers.

8- The representative of the management and planning organization (according to the article 105 of

the third Development Plan Act).

9- The representative of the employer (just in some sessions for providing some explanations).

The secretariat of the evaluation committee will be at environmental evaluation office.

Article 3- procedure of the evaluation committee:

The formation of the committee should happen in a time that makes it possible to decide about the

submitted reports in determined time.

1- Providing a summary of the project or plan by the secretary of the committee.

2- Providing a summary of the location, acceptability of the plan or project in that province by

Director General of the organization of environment conservation of the province.

3- Mentioning the weakness and strength points of the report and expert suggestion of the

evaluation office relating how to deal with the report of environmental effects of the plan or project.

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1

添付資料 4-2 WRMC EIA Guideline

Guidelines for environmental assessment of

the river engineering projects

1- Identification stage

2- Explanatory stage

3- Descriptive stage

Booklet number 227

Department of management and planning Ministry of energy Technical assistance department Iranian water resources Bureau of technical assistance and management agency standards making Bureau of water engineering standards

添付資料 4-2

2

Islamic Republic of Iran

Guidelines for environmental assessment of the river engineering projects

1- Identification stage 2- Explanatory stage 3- Descriptive stage

Booklet number 227

Department of management and planning

Technical assistance department Bureau of technical assistance

and standards making

Ministry of energy Iranian water resources

management agency Bureau of water engineering

standards

Published by Department of management and planning 47.00.80 1380

添付資料 4-2

3

Index sheet

Department of management and planning. Bureau of technical assistance and standards

making

Guidelines for environmental assessment of the river engineering projects/

Technical assistance department, Bureau of technical assistance and standards making;

Ministry

of energy, Iranian water resources management agency, Bureau of water engineering

standards. – Tehran: Department of management and planning, support center,

publication center, 1380.

3j. (single volume). – (Department of management and planning. Bureau of

technical assistance and standards making; Issue number 227) (Published by

Department of

management and planning; 47.00.80)

ISBN 964-425-286-1

Elated to guideline No 1665/54-4416/105 dated 18.4.1380

Booklet

- Contents: 1. Identification stage. – 2. Explanatory stage. – 3. Descriptive stage

1. River engineering – standards. 2. Environment – assessment of results.

3.Environment – Iran – laws and regulations. A. Iranian water resources management

agency, Bureau of water engineering standards. B. Department of management and

planning. Publication center. C. title. D. index.

H. 227 24S/368 TA

ISBN 964-425-286-1 Guidelines for environmental assessment of the river engineering projects: 1- Identification stage. 2- Explanatory stage. 3- Descriptive stage Developer: Bureau of technical assistance and standards making

Publisher: Department of management and planning, support center, publication center

First Edition: 1000 copies, 1380

Price: 23000 Rials

Lithography: Ghasemloo

Bookbinding: Zohal Chap Institution

All rights reserved.

添付資料 4-2

4

Iran Presidency

Department of management and planning

Head of management office

In the name of God

Number: 1665/54-4416/105 Circular letter to executive organizations, consultants and contractors

Date: 18.4.1380

Topic: Guidelines for environmental assessment of river engineering projects (Identification, Explanatory and Descriptive stage)

By virtue of the provisions of the executive standards of the construction plans article 23 of the law of program and funding as a part of the technical and executive system of the construction plan of the country (act No. 24525/T 14898H enacted at 4.4.1375 by the Board of Ministers), the booklet No. 227 prepared by the office of technical issues and standards making of this organization is published under the title of guidelines for environmental assessment of the river engineering projects (identification, explanatory and Descriptive stage) . Executive organizations, consulting engineers, contractors and other agencies can make use of this booklet as a guide. If they can use better methods and guidelines, they won’t need to follow procedures mentioned in the present booklet. The above mentioned agencies should send a copy of the alternative methods to the office of technical issues and standards making.

Mohammad Reza Aref

Vice-president of the country and president of the

organization

添付資料 4-2

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In the name of God

Preface It is very important to follow the regulations, criteria and standards in the

stages of the study, execution, operation and storing the construction plans in terms of the technical and economic justifications of the plans, the quality of designing and storage and operational costs. The new technical and executive system of construction plans of the country (passedBy the Board of Ministers dated 23.3.1375) highly emphasizes the application of criteria, standards and technical regulations in the process of preparation and execution of the plan and also underscores the costs of storage and final costs of the projects.

Considering the abovementioned points and also taking climate conditions and limitations of water resources into account, the water section of the ministry of energy (plan of the standards making of the water engineering) in cooperation with technical section of Iran department of management and planning (office of technical issues and standards making) have set out to prepare the water engineering standards of the country and this based on article 23 of the law of program and funding. Water engineering standards have been prepared having the following points in mind: - using the expertise and experiences of the experts in both general and technical sections - Using the valid international sources and standards - Making use of the experiences of the executive organizations, institutions, foundations, industrial units and study and designing groups - avoiding repetitive works and wasting the financial and nonfinancial resources of the country - following the rules and principles made be the Iran organization of standards and industrial research and other organizations involved in standards making.

Thanks to the work of the experts in making this standard, we hope that the executives and managers of the water section will use this standard to make progress and move towards independence of the country in this field. We also hope that the suggestions made by the experts in the field will help us to further develop this standard.

Deputy of technical issues Summer 1380

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Water engineering

standard

A – 216

Standard

Guidelines for environmental assessment of the river engineering projects (Identification stage)

Water engineering standard No. A-216-1379 Mehr 137

添付資料 4-2

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Committee members Developer: Mr. Parviz Samar expert PhD in Environmental

Engineering (water and sewage)

The present standard has been reviewed and verified by the committee of “investigation of the environmental effects of water plans” hold in the bureau of water engineering of Iran. Mr. Mojtaba Ardestani Assistant professor at

Tehran University

PhD in Civil engineering (Water resources)

Mr. Ali Akbar Pir Azizi Member of the board of scholars at University of science and technology

PhD in Geography (Environment)

Mr. Mohammad Hassan Chiti

Iran’s company of the development of water resources and energy

MA in water constructions

Mr. Behrooz Dehzad Professor at Shahid Beheshti University

PhD in Ecology

Mrs. Mina Zamani Designer of the water engineering standards of the country

BA in Chemical Engineering

Mr. Mohammad Mohammadi

Ministry of Energy MA in Environmental sciences

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Contents

Topic page

Introduction.....................................................................................................................1

Considerations made in the present standard..............................................................1

1- Collecting the laws, regulations and terms related to environmental

Issues.........................................................................................................................3

1-1 Terms and phrases ..............................................................................................3

1-1-1 Laws ...........................................................................................................3

1-1-2 Regulations.................................................................................................4

1-1-3 Standards ...................................................................................................4

1-1-4 World summit (convention)..........................................................................4

1-1-5 Treaty (Protocol) .........................................................................................4

1-2 Laws, regulations and terms related to environmental issues of the

Country ................................................................................................................4

1-3 International commitments ...................................................................................4

2- Investigating the details of the plans and options........................................................5

2-1 List of the constructions and water engineering projects ......................................5

2-2 Terms related to constructions and water engineering projects ............................6

2-2-1Groin............................................................................................................6

2-2-2 revetment....................................................................................................6

2-2-3 levee ...........................................................................................................6

2-2-4 Walls...........................................................................................................7

2-2-5 Rims ...........................................................................................................7

2-2-6 Sluices ........................................................................................................7

2-2-7 Bed stabilizers.............................................................................................7

2-2-8 Sediment control measures.........................................................................7

2-2-9 Floodways...................................................................................................7

2-2-10 Shortcut channels .....................................................................................8

2-2-11 Navigation channel....................................................................................8

2-2-12 Dredging ...................................................................................................8

2-2-13 Clearing and snagging ..............................................................................8

2-2-14 Removing sands and gravels from the river ..............................................8

A

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Contents

Topic page

2-3 General information for the constructions and water engineering projects

at identification stage............................................................................................8

2-3-1 Basic information ........................................................................................9

2-3-2 Constructive features ..................................................................................9

2-4 Operation .............................................................................................................9

3- Collecting information and identifying the organizational features ..................10

3-1 Collecting information and current resources ...............................................10

3-2 Identifying the organizations and agencies involved in the project................10

3-2-1 Governmental institutions and agencies....................................................10

3-2-2 Nongovernmental institutions and agencies ..............................................11

3-2-3 Collecting institutional information.............................................................11

3-2-4 Exchanging institutional information ..........................................................12

4- Analyzing the present situation.................................................................................13

4-1 Physical and chemical environment ...................................................................13

4-1-1 Meteorology ..............................................................................................14

4-1-2 Hydrology..................................................................................................14

4-1-3 Hydraulic of the river .................................................................................15

4-1-4 Erosion and sediment ...............................................................................15

4-1-5 Water quality .............................................................................................15

4-1-6 Underground waters..................................................................................15

4-1-7 Risk of flood ..............................................................................................16

4-1-8 Geology ....................................................................................................16

4-1-9 River morphology......................................................................................16

4-1-10 Seismology .............................................................................................16

4-1-11 Soil science ............................................................................................17

B

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Contents

Topic page

4-2 Overall identification of the ecologic indicators ...................................................17

4-2-1 Ecology of the water ...................................................................................18

4-2-1-1 Plant community of the river (flora) ....................................................18

4-2-1-1-1 Periphytons.....................................................................................19

4-2-1-1-2 macrophytons (macrophytes)..........................................................20

4-2-1-2 Animal community of the river (fauna)................................................21

4-2-1-2-1 fish..................................................................................................22

4-2-2 Ecology of the land .....................................................................................23

4-2-2-1 Plant community (flora) ......................................................................24

4-2-2-1-1 Farm lands......................................................................................24

4-2-2-1-2 Lowland forests and highland forests..............................................24

4-2-2-1-3 Trees, shrubs and herbaceous plants of the open lands.................24

4-2-2-1-4 Species subject to extinction...........................................................24

4-2-2-2 Animal community (fauna) .................................................................24

4-3 Socio-economical environment ..........................................................................25

4-3-1 Site of the project........................................................................................26

4-3-1-1 Area of the project..............................................................................26

4-3-1-2 Site of the project ...............................................................................26

4-3-1-3 Time period of the project ..................................................................26

4-3-2 Usage of the lands......................................................................................26

4-3-3 Characteristics of the population.................................................................27

4-3-4 Socio-economic aspect of the region ..........................................................27

4-3-5 Cultural and political features......................................................................28

4-3-6 Vulnerable regions......................................................................................28

C

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Contents

Topic page

4-3-7 unexpected events....................................................................................28

4-3-8 public health and diseases related to water...............................................28

5- Prediction of environmental effects...........................................................................29

5-1 Basic considerations ..........................................................................................29

5-2 Sanitary consequences ......................................................................................30

5-2-1 direct consequences on workforce............................................................30

5-2-2 Sanitary consequences on aboriginal peoples ..........................................31

5-2-3 consequences on health services of the region.........................................31

5-3 Urgencies and accidents ..............................................................................31

5-4 Steps taken in the study of the environmental effects at identification

stage ...........................................................................................................32

6- General recommendations of environmental management.......................................33

6-1 Public participation and nongovernmental agencies...........................................33

6-2 Selection of the site and scope of the studies.....................................................33

6-3 The method of environmental management and assessment.............................34

7- Preparing the environmental assessment report at identification stage.....................35

7-1 The method of publishing the environmental report............................................35

7-1-1 Design of the report...................................................................................35

7-1-1-1 Initial pages............................................................................................36

7-1-1-2 Summery of the report ...........................................................................36

7-1-1-3 Introduction............................................................................................37

7-1-1-4 Environmental laws and regulations.......................................................37

7-1-1-5 Characteristics of the project..................................................................37

7-1-1-6 Description of the environmental situation..............................................37

7-1-1-7 Effects on the environment ....................................................................37

D

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Contents

Topic page

7-1-1-8 Overall assessment and results .........................................................37

7-1-1-8-1 The inevitable effects on the environment.......................................38

7-1-1-8-2 The irrevocable and irreplaceable effects on resources ..................38

7-1-1-9 List of sources....................................................................................38

7-1-1-10 Appendices......................................................................................39

7-1-2 Particular considerations in planning the report ..........................................39

7-2 Administrative work in planning the environmental assessment at reviewing and

verification stage ................................................................................................40

7-2-1 Identification stage......................................................................................41

7-2-2 Explanatory stage .......................................................................................43

7-2-3 Descriptive stage ........................................................................................44

7-2-4 Exploitation stage .......................................................................................45

7-3 guidelines for the coordinated action between the studies of the environmental

assessment and the execution of the project or projects ...................................48

Appendices...............................................................................................................53

Appendix 1 – Laws and regulations related to environment .........................................55

8- Sources ....................................................................................................................59

E

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Introduction As parts of its services, the bureau of the water engineering standards has set out to prepare the standards for the environmental studies of the water engineering projects. This standard has been planned in three stages of identification, explanation and Description in accordance with most of the construction plans including the plans for river engineering. Studies of the environmental assessment of the river engineering project or projects can be considered as part of such studies at identification stage. In case, the studies reveal adverse effects of such plans, the studies will be suspended at this stage and all the plan or plans will be abandoned. If no adverse effects are found at the end of this stage, the plans will be abandoned. In cases in which the current studies will extend to the explanatory stage, there might be a need for further investigations. In any case, these studies like any other identification studies are done with regard to the environmental limitations based on present information and little outdoor studies in order to verify or reject further studies in this regard. As a reference book, the present standard includes the methods, guidelines, regulations and criteria necessary for the study of the environmental assessment of the river engineering projects at identification stage. Part of this standard is devoted to the method of preparing the environmental report of the river engineering projects. The challenges present in environmental studies in the country such as lack of expertise, lack of information, sampling and analysis of samples and finally the costs of the studies are fully considered and the experiences and standards in other countries are used as much as possible. We hope that this attempt will be useful for ensuring the sustainable development and promotion of the quality of the public life in Iran.

Considerations made in the present standard This standard is made in order to be used in studies of the environmental assessment of the river engineering project or projects at identification stage. In order to facilitate the application of the current standard, the user’s attention is directed towards the following points: 1- The environmental assessment methods of the river engineering plans are divided into two separate parts:

Environmental assessment of the particular projects

Environmental assessment of the regional projects The environmental assessment of the particular projects is limited only to the environmental effects of a particular project, whereas the environmental assessment of the regional projects deals with the environmental assessment of multiple studies done in a region and are closely related to each other. The scope of the studies of environmental assessment of the regional projects is very vast and in some cases may exceed the predetermined boundaries of the country. The environmental assessment of the particular projects and environmental assessment of the regional projects have many aspects in common; however attention is also paid to the particular considerations related to the above mentioned assessments. 2- Studies of the river engineering plans, as any other construction plans, include three stages of identification, explanation and Description. There is a separate standard for Studies of environmental assessment at each of these stages. The present standard is exclusively made for the studies of environmental assessment at identification stage; however the measures taken in the environmental studies or application stage which are necessary for the environmental studies at explanatory stage are also explained.

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3- The method of investigation in the present standard is organized in terms of the priority of different parts in the application of the plans, whereas the order of the same parts differs in the “environmental assessment report”. In other words, the order of parts in environmental assessment report is not the same as the parts in environmental assessment studies. 4- 5- Environmental assessment report and the process of its review and verification may change based on the decision made by organizations involved. All amendments will be taken into consideration in the final draft of this standard and the particular environmental assessment groups shall contact those organizations. 6- Parts of the present standard requires the environmental assessment groups or consulting engineers to offer recommendations in order to promote the practice of governmental agencies concerning environmental assessments. We hope that such recommendations will provide favorable grounds for environmental assessment groups or consulting engineers to come to a common agreement and may lead to the establishment of environmental regulations in governmental agencies. 1- Collecting the laws, regulations and terms related to environmental issues Studies of the environmental assessment of the river engineering project or projects are generally done because of the necessities of the environmental laws and regulations. Studies of the environmental assessment of the river engineering project or projects are being conducted in their broadest possible range in order to keep face with the sustainable development in the national scope and also to protect the environment from international point of view. Considering the limitations at the identification stage of the Studies of the environmental assessment of the river engineering project or projects, it is important to note the following points:

Plan or plans are evaluated based on national laws.

International laws and regulation related to environment are also taken into account.

It is not necessary to investigate the international laws and regulations at this stage. They will be dealt with fully at explanatory stage where those regulations will be evaluated and proper recommendations will be made.

Regulations determining the likelihood or unlikelihood of further studies will be especially taken into consideration. Based on the abovementioned points, the environmental assessment groups need to direct their attention to all the laws and regulations which should somehow be observed in the completion of the studies. These investigations should be conducted in the following cases:

Laws, regulations, privacies, suggestions, recommendations and other considerations related to the environmental issues resulting from the river engineering projects.

The present standard tried to deal with all the necessary factors involved in doing the studies of the environmental assessment of the river engineering project or projects at identification stage. It is obviously not possible to apply all the parts of the present standard due to the limitations in the extent of the projects and particular environmental conditions of the site, hence only particular parts are applied to the present studies.

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The international laws and regulations concerning the river engineering projects at borderlines. The summary of these investigations should be mentioned at the preface of the environmental report at identification stage and the important points should be noted at appendices of the reports. The following part includes guidelines for conducting these investigations: 1-1 Terms and phrases Different terms and phrases might be encountered while dealing with environmental laws and regulations. These key terms which are mentioned in the following parts need to be considered individually: 1-1-1 Laws Rules and regulations passed by the parliament which are considered the most important and valid laws in the country fall into this category.

1-1-2 Regulations A set of rules and executive methods which is made based on legal and biding procedures and may include technical standards as well. 1-1-3 standards Standards refer to those technical characteristics or available documents which are based on missing parts of knowledge, art or experience and are made by all the beneficiaries based on implied agreement and verified by responsible organizations in order to promote the efficiency of the society. 1-1-4 World summit (convention) a multilateral agreement in which policies, goals of the plans and commitments of the governments are indicated is called world summit and may include one or more treaties. 1-1-5 Treaty (Protocol) A multilateral agreement concluded among multiple countries regarding a particular subject in order to achieve certain goals is called a treaty. 1-2 Laws, regulations and terms related to environmental issues of the country In order to investigate the environmental laws and regulations of the country, it is necessary to refer to the latest edition of the collection of environmental laws and regulations prepared and published by the judicial office of the organization of the protection of the environment. The summary if part of this collection is attached to the present standard as Appendix 1. 1-3 International commitments International commitments related to the protection of the environment approved by Iranian government and it includes the international conventions and treaties most of which are attached to the present standard as Appendix 1.

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2 Investigating the details of the plans and options As part of the studies of the environmental assessment of the river engineering project or projects, it is necessary to conduct a concise review of all the activities and processes involved in the river engineering project or projects using the reports and information offered by the consulting engineers and other responsible sources. This information will act as the basis for evaluation of the effects of the activities on the environment of the plan site. The required information for studies at this part can be found in the collection compiled by the river engineering committee of the office of water engineering standard of the ministry of energy under the title of “constructions and practices in river engineering” and also from the range, dimension and program of the committee of the river engineering (leaflet No. 95-N). Part of the required information is mentioned below. 1-2 List of the constructions and water engineering projects The constructions and river engineering measures taken in the country are based on the aforementioned standard and are as follows:

Groin

Revetment

Levee

Walls (retaining wall, flood wall, etc.)

Rims (guide bank, approach bank, etc.)

dams (high dam and low dam, slope dam, adjusting dam, dam and dike, check dam, debris dam, etc.)

Bed stabilizers (sill, drop structure, apron, etc.)

Sediment controller (sediment diverter, vane, vortex tube, debris dam, etc.)

Floodways

Shortcut Canals

Navigation channel

Dredging

clearing and snagging

Removing sands and gravels from the river 2-2 Terms related to constructions and water engineering projects Key terms related to constructions of river engineering are presented below in orde to help and guide the environmental assessment studying group to identify the activities and classifying the river engineering project or projects. 2-2-1 Groin It is a kind of construction made on the rivers to protect the banks from erosion, carried sediments by the flow of water, directing water flow toward one point or increasing the depth of the water from the river bank towards inside relative to the direction of the water flow. Groins are made of stones, sans and soil, wooden, concrete or metal stanchions, and also gabions. Groins are generally divided into twp parts of permeable (open) and impermeable (close). 2-2-2 revetment

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Protective revetments are constructions which are build in one direction in vicinity of the river bank and are used to protect the banks from erosion. They are also used to protect the slopes of embankments, levees, groins, etc. there are different types of revetments such as stone, gabion, concrete, asphalt, fencing and sack ones. Plant shields can also be put in this category. 2-2-3 levee It’s a small ridge constructed at short intervals which parallels the course of a river to act as artificial banks to prevent flooding of the adjoining countryside when a river floods over its banks. 2-2-4 Walls It’s a kind of construction used to contain flood or erosion which is constructed along the bank using hard and durable materials such as concrete, stone, wood, etc., where there is not enough space to use other constructions or there are other impediments. Flood walls constructed in urban areas or retaining walls (protective) constructed to protect the edges from destruction are examples of this type of construction. 2-2-5 Rims It’s a kind of embankment or protective structure built on both sides of a dam, dike, bridge, etc. used to contain and direct water in a specific direction. 2-2-6 Dams These are kind of constructions built across the river for diverting water, raising the water level, dividing the flow, temporary storing, containing the sediment, etc. Diverting dams, debris dams, high dams, low dams, etc. are examples of this type of construction. 2-2-7 Bed stabilizers These are constructions built on parts of the river to protect the bed from erosion. these constructions are sometimes used to save energy . Different types of stabilizers are sill, drop structure, apron, etc. 2-2-8 Sediment controller These are constructions built on the direction of rivers or at the entry of canals to contain or decrease the incoming sediments into the canals. 2-2-9 Floodways It refers to a river channel and parts of a flood plain and also a diverting channel through which the flood passes. 2-2-10 Shortcut channels Shortcut channels are built as artificial constructions in order to amend the direction of river flow. Shortcuts are made to cut the direction of a river flow and create a shorter and more straight channel and as a result removes the previous twists and curves.

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2-2-11 Navigation channel It refers to a channel or river in which sailing is possible. 2-2-12 Dredging Dredging refers to the act of removing the sediments from the bed or edges of the river and moving them out of the river or another part of the river so that they might not return to the main channel. This operation is done using machineries such as power shovel, and other scooping devices in order to deepen harbors and waterways and provide the conditions for navigation. 2-2-13 Clearing and snagging It refers to the act of clearing the snags (such as sediments, trashes, stones, etc.) and removing the trees or plants grown on the bed of a river. 2-2-14 Removing sands and gravels from the river It refers to the act of removing river stuff (sands, gravels, etc.) from the bed and edges of the river and using them as the materials for constructing roads, concrete, etc. 2-3 General information for the constructions and water engineering projects at identification stage General information required for the studies of the environmental assessment of the river engineering project or projects including both particular projects and regional projects gathered by the river engineering committee of the office of water engineering standard of the ministry of energy under the title of “constructions and practices in river engineering” are explained in part “2-3” of the guidelines for environmental assessment of the river engineering projects (Explanatory stage) of standard No. A-211. Therefore the required information in studies of the identification of plan or plans can be obtained from the above mentioned part and use them in investigation of plans and options. Not all information offered in this part might be applicable to our studies and this information should be used in accordance with each specific project or projects undertaken.

2-3-1 Basic information Basic information refers to all the information used in planning the constructions or the practice of river engineering (mentioned in art 2-2, Terms related to constructions and water engineering projects). Part of this information might be applicable to environmental assessment at identification stage. The following information needs to collected:

Map of the possible site of the project or projects at proper scale so that it includes the possible site of constructions in which the operations are undertaken.

General plan of constructions and other river engineering practices

Map of the roads leading to site of the project, map of the possible workshop and map of the possible resources

The summary of investigations of meteorology, hydrology and spate

The summary of investigations of hydraulics, erosion and sediment, morphology, and geology in designated parts

The summary of investigations of river water quality

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2-3-2 Constructive features The constructive features of constructions or practices of the river engineering project or projects need to be briefly investigated. The important points with regard to each construction or practice are explained in parts of “2-3-2-1 to 2-3-2-9” of the guidelines for environmental assessment of the river engineering projects (Explanatory stage). These guidelines are prepared by river engineering committee of the office of water engineering standard of the ministry of energy under the title of “constructions and practices in river engineering”. 2-4 Operation A brief summary of the operation in designated constructions or practices of river engineering project or projects needs to be prepared. This summary should be prepared using the guidelines provided by river engineering committee (constructions and practices in river engineering) of the ministry of energy and should include the following:

Land preparation: land size and its location, amount of excavation and earthwork

The materials: type of material, approximate amount of materials, storing materials and the source of extraction

Constructive operation: amount of construction using concrete, metal, etc.

Time period of the operation

Ways of ejecting the waste materials produced by the operation

Sources: source, level and depth of the location

Required machineries: type, volume, number

Workshop facilities: workforce residence, service facilities, sanitary facilities

Manpower: approximate estimate of manpower and experts at operation stage of the plan or plans

3- Collecting information and identifying the organizational features This part explains the method of collecting information and organizational feature of the river engineering projects. The guidelines provided in this section not only helps us in gathering the information but also reveals the major challenges that should be dealt with in river engineering project or projects. 3-1 Collecting information and current resources The studies of the environmental assessment of the river engineering projects are generally conducted in a short period of time based on present data and using little amount of research. Therefore it is very important to collect information and identify the present resources. This information is applicable in the following areas:

Determining the areas of the study

Determining the scope of studies

Assessment of the environmental effects

Office work and verification of the plan Considering the abovementioned points, it is necessary to first identify the organizations involved, the steps that should be taken, and the stages of verification of the studies. Then measures should be taken to collect required information.

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3-2 Identifying the organizations and agencies involved in the project The identification of the organizations and agencies involved in the process of the studies should be carried out until all the organizations related to the plan are recognized. The process of identification is important due to the following reasons:

Collecting information in order to do studies of environmental assessment

Identifying the amount of effect on organizations or agencies mentioned in plan or plans The participating institutions and agencies are divided into two groups of governmental and nongovernmental institutions. The method of dealing with these institutions is mentioned below. 3-2-1 Governmental institutions and agencies As mentioned before, it is necessary to determine the governmental institutions involved in river engineering project or projects and also organizations which are used as the source of information for the identification purposes. These organizations which are related to the practices of river engineering are as follows:

The ministry of energy

The ministry of agriculture

The ministry of housing and urban development

The ministry of health and medical education

The ministry of justice

The ministry of road and transportation

The ministry of construction

The ministry of interior

Department of environment

Division of water engineering in Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps and Mosazafan Foundation

Provincial disaster task force 3-2-2 Nongovernmental institutions and agencies Some nongovernmental institutions and agencies might be a good source of obtaining information for environmental assessment project or projects. Considering the nature and scope of the river engineering project or projects, the following nongovernmental institutions might be a good help:

Environmental associations

Environmental colleges and other fields related to environment

Industrial syndicates

Consulting Engineers Company or contractors of water and sewage projects

Any nongovernmental institutions working in this area 3-2-3 Collecting institutional information It is possible to obtain information from different sections by calling their environmental control units or contacting environmental experts or persons in charge of environmental issues in these organizations.

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The selected environmental studies group will contact these units or experts to do environmental assessment studies. The contact with thee organizations and sections will be made after the supervisor is selected. There might also be a need to form bilateral or multilateral meetings with these sections. It is also necessary to exchange views with these organizations and sections before publishing the final report on environmental assessment studies.

3-2-4 Exchanging institutional information The environmental assessment studies of the river engineering project or projects are the result of exchanging views between the environmental assessment group and the involved section. It is necessary to note the following points in this regard:

Identifying the major issues related to the plan or plans and including those issues in the assessment studies

Exchanging views with experts in the field and analyzing issues in order to determine the scope of studies

Locating the necessary data in document centers or libraries, software and informatics

Using institutional facilities in managing the environmental assessment studies in terms of providing manpower, sampling and laboratory facilities, transportation and residence, exchanging experts and funding

Identifying the role of institutions and organizations in environmental assessment studies and verification of plan or plans

4 Analyzing the present situation At the environmental assessment stage of the river engineering project or projects it is first necessary to identify the present environmental situation of the area affected by each particular project or regional projects. The study at this stage goes as far as the environmental effects are clearly identified. The present environmental situation includes the physical, chemical, biological and socio-economical environmental factors. The scope of the investigation of the aforementioned environmental factors relates to the place or area of the river engineering project or projects which are determined based on suggestions made by the expert group. If the pans only apply to a limited section of the river, the scope of investigation will also be limited to the information obtained from that limited area; however if the plans include a large area along the river, the scope of investigation will be further expanded and may include other areas as well. In such cases, the environmental factors involved in all sections should be investigated and evaluated. The investigations for identifying the present environmental situations related to the river engineering project or projects at identification stage are classified as below:

Physical and chemical environmental

Identification of ecologic indicator

Socio-economic environmental The abovementioned investigations include the environmental factors in environmental assessment at identification stage and also the indicators that should examined. The investigations are generally based on the present data, however if there is lack of data in this regard, they might be a need for a very limited sampling and experiments. What is clear at this stage is that environmental assessment studies are very limited in range due to the nature of such studies. 4-1 Physical and chemical environment The investigation of physical and chemical environment includes the following factors:

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Meteorology

Hydrology

River hydraulics

Erosion and sediment

River water quality

Underground water

flooding

Geology

River morphology

Seismology

Soil science It is necessary to identify the indicators that might affect the practice and application of the river engineering project or projects on the abovementioned factors. Investigation of the above aforementioned factors is possible through the collection of information for the application of plans by consulting engineers or other sources. These factors are classified as follows: 4-1-1 Meteorology In this part the following information should be briefly investigated:

The average monthly and yearly temperature, the maximum monthly and yearly temperature

Amount of evaporation and its calculation

The average monthly and yearly rain in the region

Rain distribution during the months and seasons

The ratio of snow to the whole downfall in the whole year in the region

Analysis of wind and humidity

Depicting a picture of the climate of the region 4-1-2 Hydrology

The average monthly and yearly discharge in the region

Amounts of discharge for returning periods of 2, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100 years in the plan site

Brief investigation of the present situation concerning the river water sources

4-1-3 Hydraulic of the river

The approximate dimension of the site of the project

Initial estimate of the flow (plan discharge dominant discharge and basic discharge) in site of the project or projects

Estimate of hydraulic indicators (roughness coefficient, average speed and maximum speed relative to the above discharge and depth of the site)

Initial investigation of the area of floodway resulting from the discharge flow of the plan or plans

Initial investigation of tidal rivers

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4-1-4 Erosion and sediment

Initial estimate of the average monthly and yearly density of the river sediment in site of the project or projects

Initial estimate of the amount of load at the bed and its ratio to the total yearly sediment in site of the project or projects

Brief investigation of the types of erosion in site of the project or projects

Brief investigation of removing of river materials in the area of the project or projects 4-1-5 Water quality

Brief investigation of temperature in site of the project or projects

The estimate of oxygen saturation in site of the project or projects

Brief investigation of the physical characteristics of the river water including dolor, smell, darkness, floating particles in site of the project or projects

Brief investigation of the chemical characteristics of the river water including: pH, the soluble elements, electrical conduction, solidity, heavy metals, chlorinated hydrocarbons, mineral phosphate and nitrogen in site of the project or projects

Brief investigation of the biological characteristics of the water including BOD, coliform, E. Coli in site of the project or projects 4-1-6 Underground water

Investigation of the level of water and its alterations, and investigation of the direction of underground water and its alterations in site of the project or projects

Brief investigation of the physical and chemical quality of the underground water including temperature, pH, electrical conduction, the soluble elements, heavy metals, chlorinated hydrocarbons in site of the project or projects

Brief investigation of the biological characteristics of the underground water including, coliform, E. Coli 4-1-7 Risk of flood

Brief investigation of the factors involved in flood making

Determining the approximate location of flooding points in site of the project or projects 4-1-8 Geology

Brief investigation of the geological and meteorological processes affecting the river

Brief investigation of the morphology of the region including surface components and surface form and condition

Initial estimate of the sources and materials required for undertaking the project 4-1-9 River morphology

kin and shape of the river along its direction in relation to the topography of the watershed, linear slope of the valley, processes of erosion and sediment, the features of the plan, seismology, Flood hydrograph and regime of flow in different parts of the river

Consistent and inconsistent meanders of the river in site of the project or projects

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Brief investigation of the alterations in slope of the materials at river bed

Brief investigation of the meandering and braided or arterial conditions, meeting or departing points of the river branches and making shortcuts in the direction under examination caused by the natural happenings or made by human intervention in the past

the effects of removing the river materials on its morphology

Initial report on the condition of the river bed and its type 4-1-10 Seismology

Brief investigation of the number of earthquakes in the past

The active clefts in the region 4-1-11 Soil science

Brief investigation of the physical (texture and structure) and chemical (pH, cation exchange capacity) characteristics of the soil in the region of the plan

The main orders and sub-orders of the soil based on their new classification in site of the project or projects

Brief investigation of the lands near the river in relation to their physiography, types and erosion in site of the project or projects

Initial estimate of the presence of toxicants including insecticides, heavy metals in the soil and its harmful effect on plants in the region

Brief investigation of the fertilizing compounds in faming lands near the river in the location of the project 4-2 Overall identification the ecologic indicators It is necessary to identify the ecologic limitations of location of the project or projects at the identification stage of the environmental assessment of the river engineering project or projects. The type of studies at explanatory stage should also be clarified at this stage. The results of this part will also be used in calculating the approximate estimate and making decision about the plan or plans concerning the costs of reducing the environmental effects on the region. The ecological system of the region in which the river flows is a combination of water and land ecology. What is important about these ecological systems is that the ecological factors including animal and plant community depend on the hydraulics of the river, physical and chemical factors and finally the socio-economic factors in the region. The bilateral effect of the land ecology and water ecology should be especially taken into account. Because of the time limitations and the nature of studies at identification stage, the following points should be considered in relation to the ecological systems of the river engineering project or projects:

Brief investigation of the species from the economic point of view

identifying the endangered species

Brief investigation of the species needed for the other species to live longer

Brief investigation of the species important for the strength of the structure and function of the ecological system (species with more than 50 percent living population)

Investigation of the major settlements The following parts deal with the ecological factors influenced by the river engineering project or projects. The indicators required at the identification stage of the environmental assessment are also mentioned.

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4-2-1 Ecology of the water In order to investigate the ecology of the river water, it is necessary to identify the plant community (flora) and animal community (fauna) of the river with regards to the above mentioned points. The following points need to be considered:

Identifying the sensitivities of the ecological factors in regard to the physical, chemical and hydraulic parameters of the river

Determining the scope of the studies required at explanatory stage

Identifying the possible limitations in river engineering project or projects in water ecology

The initial estimate of the limitations with regards to the capacity and extent of the plan or plans for further decision makings Certain environmental factors are important at this stage. They are explained below. 4-2-1-1 Plant community (flora) of the river The plant community (flora) of the river needs to be briefly investigated. This investigation includes the type of communities, geographical distributions, the important species forming these communities and finally population density. The quantitative and qualitative assessment of these communities should be based on the present statistics and information. In case there is not enough data, such assessment will be done through direct studies or limited laboratory experiments. The main plant community used in the environmental assessment studies of the river consists of the following elements:

Periphytons

Macrophytons

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It is well known that phytoplankton also form a major part of the plant community of the river, but they are not included in river engineering project or projects at assessment stage since they require a lot of time and heavy costs. These kinds of studies are done in short term and almost briefly. Therefore these studies are limited to periphytons and macrophytons. A brief investigation of the “periphytons” and “macrophytons” is explained below in order to guide the environmental assessment group. 4-2-1-1-1 Periphytons Environmental assessment of the river engineering projects (explanatory stage), number A-211 gives a thorough account of periphytons and their role in environmental studies. As mentioned before, periphytons are very sensitive to the physical and chemical contamination and as a result they are seen as a distinguishing factor in qualitative assessment of water. The excessive growth of periphytons in contaminated rivers will damage the view of the water, alterations in the alkaline and oxygen solution and change in the smell and taste of the water. Their excessive growth may also cause them to detach from the main land and accumulate in different parts along the river and form sludge. Due to these factors periphytons gain importance as a good indicator in any kind of short-term environmental studies including environmental assessment studies. The brief investigation of the quantitative and qualitative features of periphytons in assessment studies is carried out in the following ways:

Collecting information and research data

Outdoor observations and investigations along the river

Sampling and laboratory examination A - Collecting information and research data Unfortunately there is little information about the biological features of the rivers in Iran due to lack of environmental studies. However, there might have been some university research projects in this regard and the information obtained might help us learn something about periphytons as well. B - Outdoor observations and investigations along the river Periphytons are good for outdoor studies because they can often be seen in rivers of low depth as green, brownish green or brown layers in the bed of the river and can be removed with a pointed object. As mentioned above, the excessive growth of periphytons and their accumulation along the river is a sign of contamination of that part of the river and from the environmental point of view it is a sign that the river is under pressure. It is well known that outdoor examination will not only lead to observational investigation and brief investigation but also will be used to justify further studies in the explanatory stage when no other information is available. C - Sampling and laboratory examination In addition to the lack of information and research data with regard to periphytons, in some rivers it might not be possible to observe periphytons because the meanders are too deep. In this case there is a need for sampling and laboratory examination. One time sampling from different parts of the meander is enough in such cases.

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The quantitative and qualitative assessment of this type needs to be done following the guidelines for environmental assessment of the river engineering projects (explanatory stage) part (3-2-1-1-2 periphytons) number A-211. The qualitative study of periphytons includes the following: identification of algae, fungi and rotifers. Generally algae form the major type of species in the river. The quantitative study of periphytons shows the number of organisms in the unit of bed surface which is an indicator of contamination and the pressure on the river from the environmental point of view. 4-2-1-1-2 Macrophytons (macrophytes) A through description of Macrophytons, their place in environmental studies and their quantitative and qualitative assessment is offered in guidelines for environmental assessment of the river engineering projects (explanatory stage) part (3-2-1-1-3 Macrophytons) number A-211. Large macrophytons are especially important in this regard and fall into three categories of emergent vegetation, floating vegetation and submerged vegetation. These plants are seen along the river near the middle meanders. Certain physical and chemical factors such as darkness and agro-chemicals have a large effect on the quantity and quality of macrophytons. Due to this characteristic of macrophytons, they are used as an indicator in any kind of short-term environmental studies including environmental assessment studies. The quantitative and qualitative investigation of macrophytons in assessment studies is explained in the following parts: A – Qualitative assessment This kind of assessment is based on observations from the area of the river engineering project or projects along the river current and it is fully explained in guidelines for environmental assessment of the river engineering projects (explanatory stage) in part (3-2-1-1-3-A qualitative sampling) number A-211. As mentioned before, macrophytes are divided into three categories of dense, moderate and scarce. The dense growth of macrophytes is an indication of the presence of stimulating elements in river water and justifies more research projects to be conducted. The number and types of macrophytes varies in different seasons. Therefore it is more helpful to do sampling in the season in which there is maximum growth. To know about the best season, one can do a brief investigation. B – Quantitative assessment The quantitative assessment of the macrophytes includes identification of the types, biological mass and growth rate. Such investigation is not possible in environmental assessment studies at identification stage since it needs examination at laboratory settings. Quantitative assessment of macrophytes in such studies provides the environmental assessment studies group with usable information. This investigation is explained in guidelines for environmental assessment of the river engineering projects (explanatory stage) in part (3-2-1-1-3-B quantitative sampling) number A-211. 4-2-1-2 Animal community of the river (fauna) Investigating the animal community of the river is also part of the environmental assessment studies of the river engineering project or projects. This investigation includes identifying the types of communities, geographical distribution, the major species comprising them and the density of different types. The Quantitative and qualitative assessments of these communities are generally based on the present information and facts. In case there is not enough information, there needs to be a brief investigation.

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The animal community of the river includes zooplanktons, macroinvertebrates and fish. Due to the limitations of the scope and range of environmental assessment studies and especially due to the time limit, we cannot examine zooplanktons and macroinvertebrates in these studies. Therefore the studies at this stage are limited only to fish. It should also be noted that most of the water species in the country are fish. The quantitative and quantitative investigation of fish is explained below in order to guide the environmental assessment studies. 4-2-1-2-1 Fish Fish belong to the community of nektons and are fully described in guidelines for environmental assessment of the river engineering projects part (3-2-1-2-3 fish) number A-211. in order to establish a link between the environmental condition of the river and features of the species, it I necessary to study these species, their distribution and growth rate. Such complete analysis of thee features requires information about the history of these species, especially information about their spawning, migrations, alterations in temperature and river current. The quantitative and quantitative investigation of fish environmental assessment studies is possible through the following methods:

Collecting information and research data

Sampling and laboratory examination A - Collecting information and research data Due to the lack of research with regard to the biological features of the rivers in the country, biological research might include the features of nektons and fish. This kind of information may be the basis for a brief examination of fish in the site of the river engineering projects at identification stage. It might also be used as a justification for further studies at explanatory stage. Making outdoor observations and inquiring the hunters may also provide us with more information in this regard. B - Sampling and laboratory examination Due to the importance of fish in food chain of the river, it is necessary to identify the main types of fish specially the following ones:

Species valuable from the commercial point of view

Species used solely for business and entertainment

Species subject to extinction If observations and information gatherings do not lead to identification of the above mentioned types, there will be a need for sampling and laboratory examination. This method is explained in guidelines for environmental assessment of the river engineering projects part (3-2-1-2-3 fish, parts A, B, and C) number A-211. It is well known that due to lack of time, one or two sampling would be enough at this stage. The timing of sampling should also be selected with regard to local information. 4-2-2 Ecology of the land Some animals or plants might be affected by the application of the above-mentioned projects in the area of the river engineering projects. Therefore different kinds of plants and animals need to be identified at identification stage of the environmental assessment studies as follows:

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Studies of the ecology of the land should be done in areas near the river in which the animals are dependant on the river. Of course, other major species should not be overlooked.

The effects of ecological factors on physical, chemical and hydraulic parameters should be identified.

The scope of further studies at explanatory stage should be determined.

The possible constraints on the application of the river engineering project or projects in the ecology of the land should be determined.

The identified limitations with regard to the scope of the project or projects should be examined in order to decide about the need for further studies. Certain environmental factors are involved in this part of identification studies which are explained below: 4-2-2-1 Plant community (flora) The plant community near the area of the project or projects needs to be briefly investigated due to the erosion, floods, and river swamps near the place animals live, the effect of green lands and forests on the river, and finally the migration pattern of the animal species. The important factors in such investigation are explained below: 4-2-2-1-1 Farm lands The scope of the farms lands and cultivation patterns, in the lands near the river should be determined. The effect of floods on the quality of soil and application of lands needs to be briefly assessed. 4-2-2-1-2 Lowland forests and highland forests There is a need to determine the extent of the farm lands and the dominant species in the low and high lands of the forests. The risk of flood in the low lands should be specifically identified. 4-2-2-1-3 Trees, shrubs and herbaceous plants of the open lands A brief investigation of the dominant types of trees, shrubs and herbaceous plants in the open lands with their percentage of distribution in the site of the project or projects should also be done. 4-2-2-1-4 Species subject to extinction The types of plants near the site of the river engineering project or projects and those which are identified as subject to extinction by Iran environmental organization should be determined. 4-2-2-2 Animal community (fauna) The animal community living near the river should be briefly investigated due to the effect of the river engineering project or projects, preserving the diversity of species, preserving the migration pattern, and protecting the species subject to extinction. The major factors in such a study are as follows:

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Herbivorous mammals

Canorous mammals

Amphibians

Reptiles

Upland game birds

Predatory birds The dominant species should be identified through studies and investigations in the site of the project or projects. The quantitative assessment of the abovementioned types is explained in the guidelines for environmental assessment of the river engineering projects (explanatory stage) part (3-2-2-2-1 to 3-2-2-2-6) standard number A-211. It should be noted that the brief investigation in this part should be done with taking the considerations made in part “4-2-2, the ecology of the land” into account and the following points should be kept in mind:

Preserving the diversity of animals

Protecting the species subject to extinction

Preserving the migration pattern of wild life

Protecting the lands where animals live 4-3 Socio-economical environment In environmental assessment studies of the river engineering project or projects, there should be a brief examination of the socio-economic situation of the site of the project or projects. The investigations should be done in areas covered by the project or projects. The factors which need to be investigated are explained in the following parts: 4-3-1 Site of the project The site of the project is the area in which the socio-economic factors are directly influenced by the application of the project or projects and is divided into two parts of the area of the project and the site of the project. 4-3-1-1 Area of the project The area of the project includes a certain radius from the possible site of the project or projects. The radius should be determined with regard to the characteristics of the project, its type and extent and also socio-economic factors. The area should be displayed on a map with a proper scale according to the specifications approved by the geographical institute of the country. All the major population centers, surface features, roads, topography condition and land areas should be displayed on the map. 4-3-1-2 Site of the project Te site of the project includes the meander or meanders of the river in which the project or projects will most probably be conducted. The area of the site of the project depends on the type and extent of the project or projects. The possible site of the project or projects should be displayed on a map with a proper scale according to the specifications approved by the geographical institute of the country. The residential, industrial, and agricultural areas, roads, railways, gas, water and sewage pipes, power cables and telephone lines should be displayed on the map. 4-3-1-3 Time period of the project The period of the project is the time needed to reach the operational stage of the project or projects. In other words, the period of the project and the age of the project are the same.

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4-3-2 Usage of the lands Land use types should be determined and displayed separately on the map of the project with the same scale. Collecting information for this purpose is possible through the geographical institute of the county, the Ministry of Agriculture, the ministry of Housing and Urban Development, Ministry of Industry and also local investigations. The following points need to be taken into account to determine the land usage in the site of the project:

Residential lands including population centers

Agricultural lands including the major agricultural industries

Forests and grasslands

Industrial lands including industrial facilities

The major commercial lands especially the buildings which belong to the army 4-3-3 Characteristics of the population The population centers are briefly investigated to determine which part of the population will be affected by the execution of the project. The following points need to be taken into account:

An estimation of the permanent and provisional population with regard to guidelines for environmental assessment of the river engineering projects (explanatory stage) part (3-3-3-1-1 and 3-3-3-1-2) standard number A-211

Population distribution

Approximate prediction of the population

A brief study of immigration

Population structure (aborigine, tribal, sectarian, minorities) 4-3-4 Socio-economic aspect of the region The socio-economic aspect of the region needs to be briefly investigated.

Settlement patters with regard to the percentage of urban population, the percentage of rural population, the value of residential lands, and the value of nonresidential lands

educational status in the site of the project or projects and mentioning the approximate number of the primary schools, junior high schools and senior high schools

The environmental characteristics including the percentage of people using the water distribution and swage system, the system of collecting and ejecting waste materials, industrial swage and air pollution in the site of the project

Employment status including the percentage of employment in agricultural and industrial services, the percentage of unemployment in the site of the project 4-3-5 Cultural and political features A brief investigation of the cultural and political status of the site of the project needs to be done and the following points need to be taken into account:

the political situation of the site of the project with regard to the provincial divisions

General literacy and public knowledge

Sports facilities with regard to water sports, sailing and boating

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Cultural facilities such as libraries, theaters,, cinemas, and mosques

Nongovernmental organizations such as charitable institutions, syndicates, and especial communities 4-3-6 Vulnerable regions All the vulnerable regions in the site of the project or projects should be identified and displayed on a map with proper scale. These regions include the following:

Natural preserved lands

Historical preserved lands

Cultural monuments A through description of the abovementioned areas is offered in guidelines for environmental assessment of the river engineering projects (explanatory stage) part (6-3-3, vulnerable regions) standard number A-211. 4-3-7 Unexpected events There needs to be a brief examination of the unexpected events which have had direct or indirect effects on the socio-economic situation of the site of the river engineering project or projects. These vents include floods, earthquakes, and storms. 4-3-8 public health and diseases related to water There needs to be a brief investigation of the sanitary status pf the site of the river engineering project or projects at identification stage of the environmental assessment studies. This includes local diseases, preventions and dealing with the carriers of diseases in the site of the project. Guidelines for environmental assessment of the river engineering projects (explanatory stage) part (6-3-3, vulnerable regions) standard number A-211 offers suggestions, recommendations and information in this regard.

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5- Prediction of environmental effects River engineering project or projects include various activities at execution and exploitation stage. Due to the nature of such activities, physical, chemical, biological, and socio-economic factors might affect the site or the area of the project or projects. The environmental assessment studies of the river engineering project or projects require that these effects be predicted using the present information and the following guidelines:

The project or projects should be studied and the activities that should be done identified. The type of materials, resources, manpower, and machineries required for executing the project or projects should be determined. The time and location where activities should be undertaken should also be determined. The comments made by the consulting engineers of the project or projects or the information offered in part 2 “characteristics of the project” in present standard will highly applicable at this stage of the project.

Physical, chemical, biological, and socio-economic situation of the site of the project should be studied following the recommendations made in pat 4 “identifying the present situation” in present standard. As mentioned before, these studies are generally based on the present information and analysis of whatever data available and the environmental factors should be particularly taken into account.

after determining the activities and identification of the environmental factors, the environmental effects on the site or area of the project should be predicted. At this stage it should be determined whether the information collected is enough or whether there is a need for further studies at explanatory stage in order to reach a more precise conclusion. The results of the identification of the environmental effects at this stage of the studies can be used for the following purposes:

Determining the environmental constraints for further studies

Deciding whether environmental studies should be followed at explanatory stage It should be noted that most of the river engineering projects require that environmental studies be done and the methods of mitigating the environmental effects be identified at explanatory stage and these studies should not be rejected just because of the predicted environmental constraints. The methods of identifying the environmental effects at identification stage are explained below: 5-1 Basic considerations Some considerations and reflections should be made to determine the environmental effects of the river engineering project or projects. These considerations are as follows:

Distinguishing particular plans and determining the environmental effects on the regional projects

separating the environmental effects at application and exploitation stage

Identification of environmental factors

Qualitative and quantitative assessment of the environmental effects

Positive or negative effects

Direct and indirect effects

Cumulative effects

Inevitable effects

Irrevocable and irreplaceable effects

Total effects

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Points that need special attention are clearly explained in guidelines for environmental assessment of the river engineering projects (explanatory stage) part 4-1 to 4-6, standard number A-211. 5-2 Sanitary consequences Sanitary consequences need to be highly considered in environmental assessment studies of the river engineering project or projects. So the following sanitary effects need to be identified at the site or area of the project.

Direct consequences on workforce

Sanitary consequences on aboriginal peoples

Consequences on health services of the region These effects are explained below. 5-2-1 Direct consequences on workforce In case certain aboriginal diseases are known to be the characteristic of the locations or sites of the river engineering project or projects, care should be taken in employing workers required to carry out the projects and the methods of dealing with these diseases should be identified. This is especially important in eradicating some of the disease because in some cases sick people should not have contact with others. As a result following disease should be briefly investigated in environmental assessment studies of the river engineering project or projects:

Malaria

Trachoma

Schistosomiasis (organ malfunction)

Distomatosis (disease of sheep and cattle) 5-2-2 Sanitary consequences on aboriginal peoples A brief investigation of the direct sanitary effects of the application and exploitation of the river engineering project or projects on the people living near the site of the project is an important part of the environmental assessment studies. The following points need to be taken into account in these studies:

Consequences of infectious disease

Damage to health condition

Outbreak of new diseases

Return of diseases

Spread of diseases

Spread of the disease by those affected These points are especially important in deciding about whether to continue the studies at explanatory stage. 5-2-3 Consequences on health services of the region It is necessary to do a brief study of the pressure resulting from the application of the river engineering projects on the health condition of the site or area of the project at identification stage of the environmental assessment studies. The following points need to be taken into account:

The need for health centers in the region

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The need for a protective, searching, and application program in the region

providing facilities to overcome diseases 5-3 Urgencies and accidents There is a need to do a brief investigation on the effects of the project or projects on natural incidents in any environmental assessment studies of the river engineering project or projects. These incidents generally include flood, earthquakes and storms. In addition, the abovementioned investigation should include the following:

Intensity, duration, and continuity

Probability According to the studies in part 4 of the present standard, the effect of these events on the physical, chemical, biological and socio-economic environment needs to be identified and the effect of project or projects on these events should be determined. 5-4 Steps taken in the study of the environmental effects at identification stage This part of studies explains the way to do the investigations mentioned I previous parts in order to reach satisfactory results. The studies should be done in the following order:

A brief investigation of the present physical and chemical environment in the site of the project using the information gathered so far and based on the method explained in part 1-3 “physical and chemical environment” of the present standard with an emphasis on the parameters and indicators influenced by the application of the project

A brief investigation of the biological environment using the information gathered so far and based on the method explained in part 4-2 “Overall identification of the ecologic indicators” of the present standard with an emphasis on the parameters and indicators influenced by the application of the project

A brief investigation of the socio-economic environment using the information gathered so far and based on the method explained in part 4-3 “socio-economic environment” of the present standard with an emphasis on application of lands, unexpected events and public health

A brief investigation of the characteristics of the project or projects using the information gathered so far and based on the method explained in part 2 “Investigating the characteristics of the project or projects” of the present standard.

Determining the effects of the projects at application stage on the physical, chemical, biological and socio-economical environment

Determining the total effects following the guidelines in part 5-1 “basic considerations” in the present standard

Determining whether there is any direct, irrevocable or irreplaceable effect on the environment

Making a list of the constraints of the environmental studies when there is no direct, irrevocable or irreplaceable effect on the environment

Determining the scope of further studies at explanatory stage based on the findings of the identification studies with regard to various aspects of the environment 6- General recommendations of environmental management

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This part of the environmental studies of the river engineering project or projects, offers general recommendations with regard to management of studies and other considerations in this regard. The recommendations are as follows:

Public participation and nongovernmental agencies

Determining the scope of the studies

Selection of the site and scope of the studies

The method of environmental management and assessment 6-1 Public participation and nongovernmental agencies One of the important principles of the developmental plans is to take peoples’ needs into account and applying their views and suggestions in different parts of the study. River engineering project or projects are not an exception and it is necessary to identify those who benefit from the project and those who ice a loss. It should be noted that nongovernmental institutions are actually part of people in the form of an organization. This investigation is very important to determine the scope f the studies and is possible through the following methods:

A thorough investigation of all the information obtained in part 4-3, socio- economic environment in the present standard specially “sociology”, “Socio- economic aspect of the region” and “cultural and political features”

A brief investigation of the major groups involved in the project or projects concerning the information obtained and outdoor observations

Identifying the pro-environment associations, charitable organizations, companies involved in water projects, and religious groups as part of the nongovernmental organizations in the site of the project using the information obtained or through public enquiry This identification serves to predict the problems that might arise with regard to common people and plays an important role in deciding whether the studies should be followed in the explanatory stage. 6-2 Selection of the site and scope of the studies As mentioned in part (4-3-1, site of the project) of the present standard, it is necessary to determine the scope of the environmental assessment studies. This should particularly determine those people who are affected by the river engineering projects. The information obtained from people is very important for the following purposes:

Determining the exact scope and range of the environmental assessment studies

Determining the scope of the studies with regard to people’s needs and demands

Making alterations in the studies and applying the changes arising from determining the scope of the studies 6-3 The method of environmental management and assessment From the general point of view, environmental management forms part of the management system of the river engineering project or projects. The main responsibilities of the environmental management are as follows:

Providing the services and facilities required to embark on the identification studies

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supervising the studies according to the national and regional environmental standards, regulations and guidelines

Monitoring the duration and costs of the studies and applying changes where necessary

Issuing the environmental assessment report at identification stage and helping the decision making body to decide whether the studies should be stopped or followed at explanatory stage

Coordinating the project management The process of management is explained in parts 8-3-1 to 8-3-4 of the Guidelines for environmental assessment of the river engineering projects (explanatory stage), standard number A-211. The aforementioned method of management can be used a guide for managing the studies at identification stage and the following points should be kept in mind:

Identification studies are usually done based on the present information and outdoor investigations and it is necessary to take these points into account when designating the responsibilities of the research group and providing facilities.

In most of the river engineering projects, it is possible to continue studies at explanatory stage. Therefore the processes and operations undertaken at identification stage can also be used in explanatory stage.

The management at this stage should work in coordination with the overall management to prevent any delay in the application of the projects.

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7- Preparing the environmental assessment report at identification stage Comparing the environmental assessment reports of the river engineering project or projects in the last decades reveals a lot of differences and variations in the form and content of these kinds of reports. Lack of a consistent writing style, lack of a systematic description and explanation of the environmental features, sporadic and inconsistent use of the audiovisual resources, inconsistencies and lack of coherence in the reports, lack of standard referencing and many other similar problems, makes it necessary to prepare a set of instructions which could serve a guide for preparing the environmental assessment reports of the river engineering project or projects”. The environmental assessment reports of the river engineering project or projects are finally prepared to be used by employers. Since the report could have a major impact on the decision making process by the employers, it I necessary to take some considerations into account. The environmental assessment reports of the river engineering project or projects are done in three stages of identification, explanation and description. The method of preparing the environmental assessment reports of the river engineering projects at identification stage is as follows: 7-1 The method of publishing the environmental report The form of the environmental assessment reports of the river engineering project or projects including both the particular and regional projects should be based on the writing standards and common international styles of writing. These standards have been developed and used in developed countries for many years and can be best used to report achievements and the results of the studies. It should be noted that conducting environmental assessment studies in developing countries is very time-consuming and costly due to the lack of information and undesirable administrative structure. Therefore, special care should be taken in preparing the report because any kind of mistakes, confusions or irregularities will frustrate all the efforts. The outline of the environmental assessment reports of the river engineering project or projects and the overall consideration in writing style are explained below. 7-1-1 Design of the report The environmental report should be designed exactly based on the following method and under the following topics. Since each section might include different subsections, the designer of the report is free to choose the subsections. This report is initially prepared by the consulting engineers as a draft and the final report will be published after the required studies are done. In any case, the overall outline of the report will be the same. The different parts of the report are as follows: 7-1-1-1 Initial pages The initial pages of the report shown by Abjad Alphabet (sometimes also called a consonantary) and are as follows:

A page printed exactly similar to the cover page of the report on which “Islamic Republic of Iran” and “Ministry of Energy” or any other organizations involved in the design of the report are mentioned. The whole title of the report comes in the middle of the page and below it the following statement is mentioned: “The environmental assessment report at identification stage”. Name of the consulting engineers or the name of all the people involved in preparing the report is mentioned at the bottom of the page followed by the date of the report. This page has no numbers of any kinds.

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The next page includes the letter of the report which explains why the report is prepared. The letter is signed by the developer of the report. This page has no numbers of any kinds too.

Table of contents includes introduction, summery, different parts of the study according to the main topics, appendices and attachments, and finally the references. All the pages should be numbered with Abjad Alphabet (sometimes also called a consonantary).

List of tables and diagrams includes all the tables and diagrams in the order they are presented in the report along with the topic and page number. The number of tables and diagrams is usually of the same order as the corresponding section because alterations in the tables and diagrams make it easy to change the numbers which are out in order. All the pages should be numbered with Abjad Alphabet (sometimes also called a consonantary).

List of figures and pictures includes all the figures and pictures in the order they are presented in the report along with the topic and page number. The number of figures and pictures is usually of the same order as the corresponding section. All the pages should be numbered with Abjad Alphabet (sometimes also called a consonantary).

List of maps in case any map is presented and it includes all the maps along with the topic and page numbers. Generally figures are used instead of maps. All the pages should be numbered with Abjad Alphabet (sometimes also called a consonantary). 7-1-1-2 Summery of the report The summery of the report is a one or two page piece of writing which gives a brief account of the findings and overall results of the study which can be used by the decision making body or other authorities. This part should be brief, succinct and clear. This part forms the first pages of the main body of the report and is numbered as page 1. 7-1-1-3 Introduction Introduction part includes a brief overview of the project, operational stages, purposes, definitions, the level of information and the overall method used. 7-1-1-4 Environmental laws and regulations This part includes the laws, regulations and instructions related to the content and goals of this project which have been collected based on the part 1 of the present standard. This part shows the legal responsibilities in preparing the environmental assessment report. It should be noted that a thorough description of te laws and regulations should be attached to the report. 7-1-1-5 Characteristics of the project This part explains the options explained in part 3 of the present standards. 7-1-1-6 Description of the environmental situation The description of the physical, chemical, biological and socio-economical environment based on the methods explained in part 4 of the present standard is offered here. This part should jut deal with the important factors and confusing points should be avoided. It is

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well known that in the regional projects the extent of the environmental investigations needs further studies. 7-1-1-7 Effects on the environment At this part of the studies the guidelines and recommendations made in part 5 of the p[resent standard are used to determine the environmental effects of the project and provide a favorable ground for deciding whether the studies should be continued or stopped at this stage. 7-1-1-8 Overall assessment and results At this part of the studies all the information and findings obtained at identification stage should be taken into account and clear results should be reached. The results should be conclusive so that the decision makers could easily decide whether to accept or eject the plan or continue the studies at explanatory stage. The overall results should be offered in the following sections: 7-1-1-8-1 The inevitable effects on the environment The inevitable environmental effects should be predicted with regard to the effects on the physical environment and biological environment at operational and exploitation stage of the particular and regional projects. A - Effects on physical environment This part deals with the major inevitable effects on the physical environment. The effects should be determined with regard to the following areas:

Soil

Water

Weather B - Effects on biological environment The major inevitable effects on the physical environment should be determined under the following topics.

Inevitable effects on the ecology of the land

Inevitable effects on the ecology of the water 7-1-1-8-2 The irrevocable and irreplaceable effects on resources The resources influenced by the river engineering project or projects should be identified and the irrevocable and irreplaceable effects on resources should be determined. The assessment of the effects should be done under the following topics:

Ecological resources

Materials

Climate

Earth

Social resources

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7-1-1-9 List of sources This list should include all the references used in the studies including the books, scientific journals, reports, research articles, bulletins, and exchange of views with experts through interviews, telephone conversions, correspondence or the internet. 7-1-1-10 Appendices Appendices are presented in different parts according to their contents. The appendices include the following:

Summary or the list of laws and regulations

Figures and tables

Mathematical models

List of plant and animal species

Tables showing the criteria for pollution

List of the developers of the report It should be noted that the attachments should include information which can be a basis for discussion and reaching conclusions in the main body of the report. 7-1-2 Particular considerations in planning the report In order to raise the quality and flexibility of the environmental assessment report, the following twelve considerations and recommendations should always be kept in mind:

The strange and unusual words should not be used since they may confuse the readers.

The report should be succinct and clear.

Proper figures and diagrams should be used and long paragraphs be avoided.

Unclear and confusing words should never be used.

Attempts should be made to use the precise operational methods at each stage.

Absence of information should not usually be mentioned and the final analysis should be made on condition the information is obtained.

The information obtained should be used both for rejecting and approving the plans and judgments should be made by the readers and authorities.

there should be no quoting without mentioning the exact references and other people’s contents should be used with permission.

Attempts should be made to present the materials in a coherent manner so that all the parts of the report will be consistent.

The style of writing should be the same in all parts of the report and technical suggestions should be made based on the facts as much as possible. Of course, it should be noted that different parts of the report might be prepared by different experts, so different styles in writing and reaching conclusions might be inevitable.

Visual aids including maps, pictures, tables and diagrams should be used.

The method of presenting the sources and references (such as: books, dissertations, articles, interviews with experts, etc) should be according to the standard patterns of technical texts.

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7-2 Administrative work in planning the environmental assessment at reviewing and verification stage Administrative work in planning the environmental reports are explained below in order to guide the consultants, employers, monitoring organizations, institutions involved in environmental issues and finally the authorities in charge of reviewing and approving river engineering project or projects. It should be noted that the contents of this part serves only as a guide and is presented here in order to guide, manage resources, and increase the efficiency of such plans and also as a criteria for reviewing and approving the projects. Since the procedures of investigation, preparation, review and verification of the environmental assessment reports of the river engineering project or projects includes all the stages in the report, these procedures and processes are explained in each of the following stages:

Studies at identification stage

Studies at explanatory stage

Studies at descriptive stage

preparing operational plan at descriptive stage

Environmental stages The main functions at each stage are presented both separately and as a whole. Therefore, each of the organizations, institutions, and consultants or other real or legal persons who embark on preparing an environmental assessment report for each of the river engineering project or projects should follow the stages in diagram (1) entitled “procedures of studying and preparing environmental assessment report of the river engineering projects” before, during and after the start of the studies and during operational stages. In order to increase the chance of accomplishing these guidelines, the following points and considerations should be considered as the main assumptions in preparing and reviewing the reports:

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Based on the responsibilities shared between the Ministry of Energy and other organizations involved at the present, the big water projects are organized by the Ministry of Energy and water organizations and the small water projects and plans (such as small dams, floodways, canals, etc) are organized by the Ministry of Agriculture because they are closely related to the agricultural development projects. In some rare cases the nongovernmental organizations and the private sector might also carry out such projects. In any case, the reports made by any of these organizations should be reviewed by experts in the environmental division of the Ministry of Energy to make sure they are in accordance with the standards made by this ministry. Therefore successful accomplishment of the mentioned objectives and application of the guidelines is dependant upon the reinforcement of the environmental division of the Ministry of Energy. The final authority responsible for reviewing, investigating and approving the reports and projects is the environmental assessment office of the environmental organization. Directing and undertaking the environmental assessment projects (studies and management) is the responsibility of the employer and it is usually done with reference to one of the consulting engineers. The final report will be used by employers (the ministries or the subsidiary companies). To monitor the operations and to make sure the actual operation is the same as those predicted by the plans, choosing the final executer of the project is a very important part of the whole process. Based on the assumptions made above, the procedures for assessing and reviewing the reports in various stages of the operations are as follows: 7-2-1 Identification stage The employer or the organizer of the project should embark on doing the environmental assessment studies and preparing the assessment report at identification stage at the beginning of the project or after the first draft is offered by the organizations involved. These studies should be done by the environmental division of the organizations involved or the consulting engineers. This report is presented by the employer (and after it is approve by the experts’ committee), it will be sent to the environmental division of the Ministry of Energy for reviewing. This organization should do required investigations by its experts and judge about the applicability of the plan within 15 days after the registration of the environmental report in assessment office (by the employer). The criteria for accepting the plan at this stage is the compatibility pf the report and its contents with the guidelines for the environmental assessment studies at identification stage. If the report does not comply with the present standards, it will be sent to the consulting organization. Otherwise it will be approved by the environmental division of the Ministry of Energy and finally will be sent to the environmental protection organization for making the final decision. At this stage the report will be reviewed by the experts in the environmental assessment bureau of the environmental protection organization. The major criteria for reviewing the report are generally as follows:

Conformity between the outline and contents of the report and the present standard and the amount of investigations made

Clarity and precision in the investigations and lack of ambiguity in recommended suggestions and solutions

The nature and consequences of the project on the environmental situation of the region

Presence or absence of critical effects or irreversible consequences on the environment (decided by the experts)

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The amount of applicability and productivity of the costs and suggestions in order to mitigate the negative effects on the environment

Using the quantitative data and avoiding total reliance on qualitative data If there is not agreement between the outline and contents of the report and the present standards, the report will be sent to the employer or consultant for further revisions and alterations. In case the environmental assessment bureau of the environmental protection organization reaches to the conclusion that the project has critical and irreversible effects on the environment, or is otherwise not practical or not economical, the plan will be totally rejected and the studies will be stopped. If the environmental assessment bureau of the environmental protection organization decides that the report is in accordance with the environmental considerations and there is no potential serious effect on the environment, the report will be approved by this bureau and there won’t be any need for further environmental assessment studies at explanatory stage and the license will be issued. If the report is complete in the outline and its content but the consulting organizers cannot decide about the suitability of the plan, or if the plan has consequences that require further investigations, environmental assessment bureau of the environmental protection organization will send the report to the employers or consultants for further studies at explanatory stage. 7-2-2 Explanatory stage At this stage, the consultant or the employer starts the studies based on the guidelines for the environmental assessment of the river engineering project or projects at explanatory stage (the present standard) and will send the report to the environmental division of the Ministry of Energy for initial review and analysis. This organization should do required investigations by its experts and judge about the applicability of the plan within 20 days after the environmental report is registered in assessment office. The criterion for reviewing at this stage is the compatibility of the report and its contents with the guidelines for the environmental assessment studies at explanatory stage (present instructions). If the report does not comply with the present standards, it will be sent to the consulting organization. In this case it will be approved by the environmental division of the Ministry of Energy and finally will be sent to the environmental protection organization for making the final decision. The explanatory report will be reviewed by the experts in the environmental assessment bureau of the environmental protection organization to assess whether it is in compliance with the present standards or not. The major criteria for reviewing the report are generally as follows:

Conformity between the outline and contents of the report and the present standard and the amount of investigations made

Clarity and precision in the investigations and lack of ambiguity in recommended suggestions and solutions

The degree of precision in categorizing, analyzing the different parts of the plan from the environmental point of view

The amount of public participation and assessing the suggestions made by the people or communities who benefit or incur a loss by the project

The amount of applicability of the project or projects concerning suggestions made in order to mitigate the negative effects on the environment

Offering guidelines and recommendation for mitigating the environmental effects

Using the quantitative data and avoiding total reliance on qualitative data

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The precise assessment of the presence or absence of critical effects or irreversible consequences on the environment

Overall recognition of the nature of the effects on the environment in its broadest view Environmental assessment bureau of the environmental protection organization should inform the employer about its decision 30 days after it receives the report If the changes are applied but there is no justification for the project or projects from the environmental point of view, the report will be rejected by the environmental protection organization and the studies will be halted at any stage. Otherwise the plan or the project will be accepted from the environmental point of view and the environmental license will be issued. 7-2-3 Descriptive stage After the explanatory report is approved and environmental protection organization will inform the employer or the consultant of the project to continue studies according to the instructions for descriptive stage and the results will be sent to environmental division of the Ministry of Energy for further investigations. The report will be reviewed within 20 days and if incompatibilities are found, the result will be sent to the employer or the consultant for further review. Otherwise the report will be approved by the Ministry of Energy and will be sent to the environmental protection organization for further investigations. After the descriptive report is registered in the environmental assessment bureau of the environmental protection organization, it will be reviewed by the experts and its compliance with the present standards and criteria will be assessed. The main criteria used in reviewing the report are as follows:

Application of the correct rules and regulation in descriptive report concerning the environmental issues

Determining the general and technical specifications concerning the environmental effects

Efficient executive methods to mitigate the environmental effects

a complete program for dealing with environmental effects

Offering guidelines and recommendation for mitigating the environmental effects The management programs and environmental instructions, and public participation according to the present instructions The environmental assessment bureau of the environmental protection organization should inform the employer about its final decision within 30 days. After the final confirmation of the report at descriptive stage of the project or projects by the environmental assessment bureau of the environmental protection organization and making possible investigations by the consulting developers of the project, the environmental license will be issued and the project can be followed at operational stages. At operational stages of the project the employer is able to prepare the documents and hire the contractors. To ensure the employer acts in accordance with the legal commitments and follows the environmental recommendations at different stages of the project, the employer submits a written commitment to the environmental protection organization. This might be in the form of an official document (legal) in which the penalties for refusing to fulfill the obligations are mentioned. The environmental protection organization should embark on issuing the licenses needed to launch the operational stage of the environmental projects. After the operational stage of the project is initialized, in addition to monitoring the engineering and technical activities of the employer by the Ministry of Energy, the

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assessment and monitoring group of the environmental protection organization will also monitor the environmental measures mentioned in the part of environmental management of the descriptive report and will make amendments when necessary. The employer or the contractor should accept the suggestion made by the assessment group and make amendments and alterations in the time periods set by the environmental protection organization. After the operational stages complete and the project is finished by the contractor, the employer should prepare the final report of the project. This report shows the degree of compatibility and agreement between the environmental measures taken by the contractor and the predictions made in the initial report. 7-2-4 Exploitation stage At the same time the exploitation stage begins, the environmental operations are also carried out based on principles of management and with regard to the descriptive report. Other environmental effects not mentioned in the assessment reports might also be identified at this stage. Individual reports should be prepared for these kinds of effects in which the solutions to the problems are mentioned. This is done by the employer or those in charge of the management of the project. The examinations and investigations by the monitoring and auditing group of the environmental assessment bureau of the environmental protection organization will be continued unless the monitoring group decides that such investigations are no longer required. Finally the organization officially declares that the project is fully in compliance with the environmental conditions of the region and has no major effect on the environmental factors and the final report will be sent to the environmental division of the Ministry of Energy for final making final decisions. If the employer or the contractor or the management fails to observe the environmental considerations after the investigations are ended and the damaging effects are seen in the environment or identified by the monitoring group of the environmental assessment bureau of the environmental protection organization, the organization in charge of the project will be obliged to repair the damages according to the environmental regulations.

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添付資料 4-3

1

添付資料 4-3 環境庁 SEA ガイドライン

United Nations Department of Department of the

the Environment Environment

Development Programme

GOVERNMENT OF THE ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN UNITED NATIONS DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT STERATEGY AND STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL

ASSESSMENT (SEA): ENABLING ACTIVITIES AND CAPACITY BUILDING

Brief description:

To build on the achievements of a joint Government and UNDP project that established environmental impact

assessment (EIA) guidelines and procedures for Iran (Environmental Impact Assessment Enabling Activities

and Capacity Building, IRA/97/017), UNDP was formally requested by DoE to assist in devising a similar

system to systematically employ the Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) as a means to assess the

environmental consequences of policies, plans and programmes (PPPs). Both DoE and MPO raised this

request during the Tripartite Review meeting held early 2002 to review the outcomes of the EIA project. The

request met the concurrence of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs with the provision that any such system should

take into consideration the interactions between environmental, social and economic issues.

The need for SEA stems from the fact that while the already established EIA system provides for addressing

the environmental (and social) aspects of individual projects, it is not ideally suited for addressing

development policy choices at the macro-economic, sector of area-wide level. SEA, as an internationally

accepted approach, is introduced to address these limitations. Based on the experience gained in other

countries, such an approach is believed to enhance the environmental sustainability of development policies

and programmes in line with the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and the plan of implementation set

forth by the World Summit on Sustainable Development (WSSD). Project outputs should contribute to and

promote the ongoing Government activities regarding the Sustainable Development Strategy. Likewise, this

project will possibly contribute to the Multi- provincial Area- based Development activities being negotiated

between UNDP and the Government of the Islamic Republic of Iran.

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CONTEXT

A1. Background

Iran is a vast country with diverse climatic and environmental conditions, hence a habitat for a rich diversity

of terrestrial and marine species. Many Iranian ecosystems are found to be of international importance and

declared as biosphere reserves. Tremendous potential exists in Iran for eco-tourism because of the diversity

and, in many cases, uniqueness of its ecosystems. However, during the past decades, great pressure has been

put on environmental resources due to unsustainable development patterns.

In spite of the continued efforts being made by various actors, Iran is facing serious environmental challenges

like air pollution in urban areas, the pollution of scarce water resources, degradation of natural vegetation, soil

erosion and the loss of animal biodiversity. Recurrent droughts and devastating flash floods occurred in the

past decade are believed to have partly been triggered or exacerbated by the poor management of

environmental resources.

Three subsequent Five-year Development Plans called for the employment of environmentally friendly

approaches when implementing development programmes. The need for incorporation of environmental

concerns into policies, plans and programmes (PPPs) is increasingly spelled out by government,

non-governmental entities and the public. The recent boom in the number and activities of environmental

NGOs is a clear evidence of the above need.

To build on the achievements of a joint Government and UNDP project that established environmental impact

assessment (EIA) guidelines and procedures (Environmental Impact Assessment Enabling Activities and

Capacity Building, IRA/97/017), UNDP was formally requested by the Government of the Islamic Republic

of Iran to provide assistance in putting in place similar instruments for Strategic Environmental Assessment

(SEA). This request was put forward both by the Department of Environment (DoE) and the Management and

Planning Organization (MPO) during the Tripartite Review meeting held in 2002 to review the outcomes of

the EIA project.

The need for SEA stems from the fact that while the EIA may ensure, to some extent, the environmental

friendliness of activities at the level of individual projects, a more holistic approach is required to take into

consideration the environmental opportunities and limitations of PPPs. Based on the experience gained in

other countries, such an approach is believed to enhance the environmental sustainability of development

policies and programmes before they are translated into sector or area-wide programmes.

In the global context, the Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) has become an increasingly adopted

management tool to incorporate environmental concerns in PPPs. SEA aims to ensure that environmental

issues are addressed at an early stage in the process of PPPs formulation.

Furthermore, while EIA aims at the impacts of a development project on the surrounding environment, SEA,

in some instances, has been used to assess the limitations that environmental conditions impose on

development programmes and plans. In this respect, SEA process could be seen as complementary to the

existing EIA system.

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The launch of the Millennium Goals (MDGs) in 2000, reinforced through subsequent confirmation of their

relevance by the World Summit on Sustainable Development (WSSD), has put the work towards their

fulfillment on the agenda for governments and international organizations. Having this in mind, the present

project will need to become part and parcel of a larger programming strategy towards achieving the

MDGs. The project will contribute to and strengthen the ongoing efforts to develop the national sustainable

development strategy. As required by the WSSD Plan of Implementation, countries need to have these

strategies engineered by 2005. While focusing on the technical and legislative aspects of SEA, the project will

also become linked to the work of the National Committee on Sustainable Development (NCSD) and provides

for further strengthening of NCSD. This will ensure the integration of environmental, social and economic

aspects of development. As such the project has a strong linkage with other initiatives related to the

MDGs. This project should be seen as part of a broad scheme of assistance vis-à-vis sustainable development.

More specifically, this project in conjunction with another pipeline intervention titled” Mainstreaming

Environmental Concerns in Economic Decision Making”, provides the technical and legal capacity for

improving the environmental aspects of development decisions.

A2. Problems to be addressed

This UNDP intervention is envisaged to address, to the extent it could, the lack of full integration of

environmental concerns into policymaking and planning practices in line of the MDGs as the overarching

development goals and targets. Once concluded, the project will contribute to ensuring the consideration of

environmental concerns in decision-making and planning processes in such a way that the nexuses between

environment and poverty are addressed.

A3. Previous Experiences

There is little experience and knowledge about SEA within the country. No actual SEA has so far been

carried out in Iran, nor its application has become a legal obligation. However, strong desire exists within

the national environmental and planning arena to start practicing SEA.

In a broader context, UNDP’s cooperation with the Government on EIA is deemed a successful precedent to

the present proposal. As spelled out by the Deputy Head of the Department of Environment in his meeting of

07 May 2003 with UNDP and MPO, the joint UNDP and Government initiative on EIA has culminated in

more widespread knowledge on EIA among relevant groups, systematic management of EIA-related data

and information, clear guidelines on how to carry out EIAs, and significant compliance with EIA rules and

regulations by project proponents.

A4. Development Objective

The overall objective of this project is to contribute to incorporate environmental concerns into policies, plans

and programmes (PPPs) for the benefit of the poor.

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The project is therefore related to the following UNDP Goal, Sub-goal and Strategic Area of Support:

GOAL: Environment

SUB-GOAL: Sustainable environmental management and energy development to improve the livelihoods

and security of the poor

STRATEGIC AREA OF SUPPORT: National policy, legal and regulatory framework for environmentally

sustainable development

INTENDED OUTCOME: A comprehensive approach to environmentally sustainable development

integrated in national development planning and linked to poverty reduction

A5. Regulatory Framework

Article 50 of the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran states: “ It shall be considered a public duty in the

Islamic Republic to protect the natural environment in which the present as well as future generations shall

have a developing social life. Therefore, economic activities or otherwise which cause pollution or an

irreversible damage to environment shall be prohibited.”

As approved by the Environment High Council, major development projects are obliged to prepare EIA

reports at the very stage of planning before any physical activities are commenced. These development

projects include: petrochemical plants, refineries, power plants, steel mills, large dams and irrigation networks,

industrial estates, airports, highways, railroads, large industrial slaughterhouses, oil and gas pipelines,

reforestation plans, municipal solid waste landfills, composting plants, agro-industrial complexes, ecotourism

plans, tailing dams, etc.

Clause 82 of the Law of Second Five-year Development Plan (1994-1998) puts obligation on all major

development projects to conduct EIAs parallel with the feasibility studies. Likewise, the Clause 105 of the

Law of the Third Five-year Development Plan (1999-2003) calls for assessing the environmental

consequences of large scale production and/or service plans and programmes and preparing environmental

assessment repots at the stage of site selection, in compliance with the rules and regulations to be set forth by

the Environment High Council. The Clause states that it shall be required for the individuals in charge of

implementing such projects to fully observe and comply with the final outcomes and provisions of such

environmental evaluations. The responsibility of supervision and control over appropriate implementation of

this Clause rests with MPO.

Under the Office of the President, the Department of Environment is held responsible for the protection of the

national environment. The Vice President of the I.R. of Iran and Head of DoE acts as the Secretary of the

Environment High Council and also chairs the National Committee for Sustainable Development; the latter

being a national forum for governmental departments and NGOs.

Environmental rules and regulations are either passed through the Parliament as national laws or enacted by

the Cabinet of Ministers or the Environment High Council in form of legally binding decrees when a

framework law already exists to support such a decree.

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In the Department of Environment, The Director General for the Environmental Impacts Assessment under

the Deputy Head of the Department for Human Environment Affairs is responsible for receiving and

reviewing EIA reports. It is anticipated that the same Deputy would handle SEA system as well.

B. STRATEGY FOR USE OF UNDP RESOURCES

B1. Relevance to UNDP Mandate

The UNDP corporate mandate puts focus on some “Practice Areas” including, inter alia, “Energy and

Environment”. In pursuit of achieving its overarching goal to alleviate poverty and materialize sustainable

development, UNDP attaches great importance to safeguarding environment and environmental resources for

the benefit of the poor. It also undertakes for provision of policy advice to decision-making systems. As such,

the mainstreaming of environmental considerations in national decision-making processes is highly relevant

to UNDP’s mandate and mission.

Paragraph 40 of the Second Country Cooperation Framework of UNDP in the Islamic Republic of Iran

(2000-2004) calls for cooperation in the field of environment to expand institutional capacity for better

development planning and enhanced economic efficiency for more sustainable economic growth as well as

better efficiency and sustainability in the utilization and conservation of resource bases.

B2. Relevance to international Treaties, Decisions and Declarations

Environmental issues have long been in the forefront of international cooperation agendas. Several global

environmental treaties call for national regulatory frameworks that ensure the incorporation of environmental

concerns into decision-making processes.

In 1992, the Earth Summit Held in Brazil adopted Agenda 21 as the international plan of action to achieve

sustainable development. The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) adopted in 2000, set forth some

measurable targets to be met at the global level by 2015. The goal 7 of MDGs and its corresponding targets

concern environmental issues. Taking account of environmental issues at the PPP level is deemed a

prerequisite for achieving the MDGs.

More recently, the World Summit on Sustainable Development (WSSD), held in Johannesburg in mid 2002,

reinforced the need for bringing environmental consciousness to the forefront of decision and policy making

processes.

B3. Aspects of the Problem to be addressed through UNDP Intervention

This UNDP intervention will focus on the following:

・ Capacity building through provision of financial and technical support as well as facilitating access by

stakeholders to knowledge and experience on SEA for regulation setting and training purposes;

・ Helping creation of a national regulatory framework for practicing SEAs;

・ Creating an enabling environment to put in place clearly defined, participatory processes for conducting

SEAs;

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・ Building technical capacity within government, private sector and non-governmental players to conduct

SEA studies and review SEA reports;

・ Creating enabling environment for cooperation among different parties within and outside of the

Government towards achieving MDGs and ensuring sustainable development.

B4. How UNDP Resources Assist Achieving the Solution to the Problem

The allocated UNDP resources, in conjunction with the cost-sharing contribution by the government

counterpart, will be utilized on the provision of international and national consultancy services needed to

produce intended outputs, as well as the creation of an administrative structure to facilitate and monitor the

activities. It is anticipated that through successful implementation of this project, will be in place a

legally-binding SEA system encompassing legal procedures as well as technical guidelines. As designed, the

project provides also for increased knowledge and capacity both within and outside of the Government system

on how to carry out SEAs.

B5. Outcomes of the Capacity Assessment

DoE is responsible for the activities related to the protection of the environment in Iran. It is directly affiliated

to the Office of the President of the Islamic Republic of Iran; the Head of DoE being a Vice President. The

Head is also a full-fledged member of the Cabinet.

As shown in Figure 1, two Deputy Heads of DoE are responsible for natural and human environment issues,

respectively. The responsibility for supervising the environmental impact assessments fall within the mandate

of the Deputy Head for the Human Environment who is assisted by four Bureaus each headed by a Director

General and staffed by professional and support personnel. Moreover, the project office that was created under

a previous UNDP intervention (EIA Enabling Activities, IRA/97/017) has still been kept operational by DoE

and will be dedicated to SEA project once the latter project starts implementation.

The DoE has been a major recipient of UNDP assistance during the past decade. These projects cover a

variety of domains including ozone protection and climate change, biodiversity, environmental policy systems,

etc.

The following table summarizes the capacity of DoE to implement the present intervention:

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Table 1. Summary of capacity assessment within DoE

Capacity item Fully exists Partially exists, to be strengthened Does not exist at all

Legal mandate X

Administrative structure X

Past experience on UNDP NEX X

Participatory mechanisms X

Office space X

Utilities X

Communication base X

Equipment X

Professional staff X

Support staff X

Figure 1. Organizational Chart of DoE