Earth In Space

Earth In SpaceEarth In Space

EQ: How does the Earth’s EQ: How does the Earth’s rotation and revolution affect rotation and revolution affect

our lives?our lives?

AstronomyAstronomyThe study of the moon, The study of the moon,

stars and other objects stars and other objects

in spacein space

EQ: How does the Earth’s EQ: How does the Earth’s rotation and revolution affect our rotation and revolution affect our

lives?lives?

Axis & RotationAxis & Rotation

AxisAxis: The : The imaginary line that imaginary line that passes through passes through Earth’s center and Earth’s center and the North and the North and South polesSouth poles

RotationRotation: Earth : Earth spinning on its axisspinning on its axis

EQ: How does the EQ: How does the Earth’s rotation and Earth’s rotation and revolution affect our revolution affect our

lives?lives?

PolarisPolaris

Also known as the Also known as the North Star. North Star. The The north pole north pole points toward points toward the North Starthe North Star



On the equator, the earth On the equator, the earth rotates at a rate of _____ rotates at a rate of _____ kilometers per hour.kilometers per hour.

1,600 kilometers per hour 1,600 kilometers per hour


lives?lives?

As Earth rotates As Earth rotates eastward, the sun eastward, the sun appears to move appears to move westward across westward across the sky.the sky.

EQ: How does the Earth’s EQ: How does the Earth’s rotation and revolution rotation and revolution

affect our lives?affect our lives?

CheckpointCheckpoint: Why do the sun : Why do the sun and moon seem to move and moon seem to move each day?each day?

The sun and moon seem to move The sun and moon seem to move each day mainly because Earth is each day mainly because Earth is rotating on its axisrotating on its axis



What causes day & night?What causes day & night?

The Earth completes one The Earth completes one rotationrotation on its axis during a 24 hour periodon its axis during a 24 hour period

As Earth rotates eastward, a As Earth rotates eastward, a location moves through sunrise location moves through sunrise (shadow), day (sunlight), sunset (shadow), day (sunlight), sunset (shadow), and night (darkness)(shadow), and night (darkness)



Revolution Revolution

RevolutionRevolution:The :The movement of one movement of one object around object around another objectanother object

One complete One complete revolution around revolution around the sun is called a the sun is called a yearyear

http://www.classzone.com/books/earth_science/terc/content/visualizations/es0408/es0408page01.cfm?chapter_no=04

EQ: How does the EQ: How does the Earth’s rotation Earth’s rotation and revolution and revolution


OrbitOrbitEarth’s path as it Earth’s path as it

revolves around revolves around the sunthe sunNot quite a circle, Not quite a circle,

it is a slightly it is a slightly flattened circle or flattened circle or oval in shapeoval in shape

EQ: How does the Earth’s rotation and EQ: How does the Earth’s rotation and revolution affect our lives?revolution affect our lives?

What is one full rotation called?What is one full rotation called? What is one complete revolution What is one complete revolution called?called?

One full rotation One full rotation is called a dayis called a day

One complete One complete revolution is revolution is called a yearcalled a year

Sharpen Sharpen YourYour SkillsSkills: : Earth moves at a Earth moves at a speed of about 30 km/sec as it travels speed of about 30 km/sec as it travels around the sun. What distance, in around the sun. What distance, in kilometers does Earth travel in a minute? kilometers does Earth travel in a minute?

An hour? A year?An hour? A year? 1 minute(60 sec.)

1 hour(60 min.)

1 Day(24 hours)

1 Year(365 days)



1 hour(60 min.)

1 Day(24 hours)

1 Year(365 days)

1,800 km/min



1 hour(60 min.)

1 Day(24 hours)

1 Year(365 days)

1,800 km/min 108,000 km/hr



1 hour(60 min.)

1 Day(24 hours)

1 Year(365 days)

1,800 km/min 108,000 km/hr 2,592,000 km/day



1 hour(60 min.)

1 Day(24 hours)

1 Year(365 days)

1,800 km/min 108,000 km/hr 2,592,000 km/day

946,728,000 km/year

Leap yearLeap yearEarth’s orbit around Earth’s orbit around

the sun is 365 ¼ daysthe sun is 365 ¼ daysAfter 4 years, our After 4 years, our

calendar is about 1 calendar is about 1 day ahead of Earth’s day ahead of Earth’s orbit orbit

To line up our To line up our calendar with Earth, calendar with Earth, an extra day is added an extra day is added (February 29(February 29thth))

¼ + ¼ + ¼ + ¼ = 1 ¼ + ¼ + ¼ + ¼ = 1 dayday


lives?lives?

Seasons on EarthSeasons on Earth

Why is it colder near the poles?Why is it colder near the poles?

It is colder near It is colder near the poles because the poles because the sunlight hits the sunlight hits Earth at an angle Earth at an angle and the sun’s rays and the sun’s rays are spread out are spread out over a larger areaover a larger area

EQ: How does the Earth’s rotation EQ: How does the Earth’s rotation and revolution affect our lives?and revolution affect our lives?

LatitudeLatitude

A measurement of distance from A measurement of distance from the equator the equator

Expressed in degrees north and Expressed in degrees north and southsouth


Why do we have such warm Why do we have such warm temperatures in the northern temperatures in the northern hemisphere during the season of hemisphere during the season of

summer?summer? The Northern The Northern

hemisphere is tilted hemisphere is tilted toward the suntoward the sun

Therefore, the Therefore, the Northern Hemisphere Northern Hemisphere gets a larger amount gets a larger amount of direct sunlight of direct sunlight causing longer days causing longer days and warmer and warmer temperaturestemperatures



Why do we have fewer hours of Why do we have fewer hours of daylight during the winter in the daylight during the winter in the northern hemisphere?northern hemisphere?

The Northern The Northern hemisphere is tilted hemisphere is tilted away from the sunaway from the sun

Therefore, the Therefore, the Northern Hemisphere Northern Hemisphere gets a smaller gets a smaller amount of direct amount of direct sunlight causing sunlight causing shorter days and shorter days and cooler temperatures cooler temperatures

EQ: How does the Earth’s rotation and revolution affect our lives?EQ: How does the Earth’s rotation and revolution affect our lives?

Solstice Solstice

Two days each year when the noon sun Two days each year when the noon sun is overhead at either 23.5ºsouth or 23.5 is overhead at either 23.5ºsouth or 23.5 º northº north


When do the summer and When do the summer and winter solstices occur?winter solstices occur?

Summer – Around June 21Summer – Around June 21

Winter – Around December 21Winter – Around December 21


EquinoxEquinox

The two days of The two days of the year on which the year on which neither hemisphere neither hemisphere is tilted toward or is tilted toward or away from the sunaway from the sun

Means “equal Means “equal night” because day night” because day and night are and night are almost equalalmost equal


lives?lives?

Vernal EquinoxVernal Equinox

The day of the year that marks the The day of the year that marks the beginning of spring in the Northern beginning of spring in the Northern HemisphereHemisphere


Autumnal EquinoxAutumnal Equinox

The day of the year that marks the The day of the year that marks the beginning of fall in the Northern beginning of fall in the Northern HemisphereHemisphere


Why are the days and nights Why are the days and nights during the seasons spring and during the seasons spring and fall more even or equal in fall more even or equal in

length?length? The direct The direct

sunlight is more sunlight is more evenly distributed evenly distributed over the northern over the northern and southern and southern hemisphereshemispheres

The most direct The most direct sunlight during sunlight during these seasons is these seasons is on the equatoron the equatorEQ: How does the Earth’s rotation EQ: How does the Earth’s rotation

and revolution affect our lives?and revolution affect our lives?

What causes the cycle of the What causes the cycle of the seasons on Earth?seasons on Earth?

Earth has seasons because its axis is Earth has seasons because its axis is tilted as it moves around the suntilted as it moves around the sun

Depending on how much Depending on how much directdirect sunlight that our location receives at sunlight that our location receives at a particular time causes seasonsa particular time causes seasons




Class Work and HomeworkClass Work and Homework

Fill In Fill In What did I LearnWhat did I LearnConfusedConfusedSaySay

EQ: How does the Earth’s EQ: How does the Earth’s rotation and revolution rotation and revolution


Read pages J 14 – J 21Read pages J 14 – J 21Answer questions 1-5 on J 21, plus the following:Answer questions 1-5 on J 21, plus the following:1. Why are the days and nights during the seasons 1. Why are the days and nights during the seasons spring and fall more even or equal in length? spring and fall more even or equal in length? 2. When do the summer and winter solstices occur?2. When do the summer and winter solstices occur?3. Why do the sun and moon seem to move each 3. Why do the sun and moon seem to move each day?day?

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Earth In Space