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九州大学学術情報リポジトリKyushu University Institutional Repository
日中間の学生における精神的健康への計画行動理論の予測力
橋本, 公雄九州大学健康科学センター
胡, 嘉明中国貴州大学外国語学院
藤永, 博和歌山大学経済学部
Refer, LutzBaylor University
他
https://doi.org/10.15017/10779
出版情報:健康科学. 30, pp.27-37, 2008-04-15. 九州大学健康科学センターバージョン:権利関係:
1) ���������� Institute of Health Science, Kyushu University 11, Kasuga, Japan
�* �������������� �816-8580� ���������� 6-1� Tel/Fax 092-583-7850
� *Correspondence to: Institute of Health Science, Kyushu University, 6-1, Kasuga-koen, Kasuga, 816-8580, Japan
E-mail address: [email protected]
2) ������������ The Foreign Language Department of Guizhou University, 550025China
� E-mail address: [email protected]
3) !"��#$�%� Faculty of Economics, Wakayama University, Wakayama, Wakayama, 640-8510, Japan
4) Baylor University, Waco, Texas, 76798, USA
��� ��
���������� ����
����������
���� 1)
, �� �� 2)
, � � 3)
, Rafer Lutz4)
Predictive Ability of the Theory of Planned Behavior for Mental Health
Outcomes
in Japanese vs. Chinese Students
Kimio HASHIMOTO1)
, Kamei KO2)
, Hiroshi FUJINAGA3)
and Rafer
LUTZ4)
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate potential differences between Japanese and Chinese students utilizing
constructs derived from the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) as correlates of mental health outcomes. One hundred
ninety nine Japanese and 198 Chinese male and female students participated in this study. Participants completed a
questionnaire including Godin's leisure time exercise scale, TPB constructs (behavior, behavioral intention, attitude,
subjective norm and perceived behavioral control) and the Mental Health Pattern (MHP: Hashimoto, 1992). Results of
correlation analysis indicated that there were significant relationships among the TPB constructs for all students, yet the
magnitude of these relationships was generally greater for Chinese students in comparison to Japanese students. Of
particular interest, the correlation between subjective norm and behavioral intention were higher for Chinese students
compared to Japanese students. Results of Gender (2) × Nationality (2) ANOVA indicated that Chinese students and
male students exhibited greater perceived behavioral control and intention to exercise than Japanese student and female
students, but there was no difference between Japanese and Chinese students considering self-reported exercise behavior.
Correspondence between behavioral intention and exercise behavior in the questionnaire is discussed. On the MHP,
Japanese students indicated lower stress and QOL than Chinese students. In addition, there were no positive correlations
between exercise and mental health in Chinese students. Thus, other moderating factors affecting the positive
relationship between exercise and mental health in Chinese students are suggested. This study revealed that there are
cross-cultural differences between Japanese and Chinese students concerning TPB-derived constructs and their relation
to mental health outcomes.
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TRA 3 TPB T+�Tl£�E¦¼�&«¬R�
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33R�ê�0= 30.3% (R=.55, p<.01) 3K*�&
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ï , �X3h���ï , ��T��33��tLï ,
��T��33h���ïT Effect Size �\Ab ,
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Subjective
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Perceived
Behavioral
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Behavioral
Intention
Behavior
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Fig. 1. The theories of Reasoned Action and Planned Behavior
Attitude
toward
Behavior
28
Subjective
Norm
Perceived
Behavioral
Control
Behavioral
Intention
Behavior
TRA
TPB
Attitude
toward
Behavior
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=EF fe��=<��* , �89�H�=KQ ,
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TPB =#�$ s89�^7Q�_]8 , -
_3����7��F �7�b�b>=_ f
e���`c� Table 1 =�QU�
(1) ���� (B)
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k2G��k2G��7�b�b>��>U`c , �
��� aq#��3kF=10.388, P<.01G!d>U
kTable 1, Fig.2G��)! , ��]g� �+ U� ,
;!?bb�b>��>U���`c , 4cg�e! ,
e��9$�C�����H���"� , � 3
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����������� ���
M SD M SD M SD M SD
� ����� 27.4 22.51 27.7 26.55 33.2 26.32 18.4 16.55 ����� �����
� ���������������� 8.2 3.11 6.8 3.53 8.8 3.26 8.2 3.32 ����� �����
������ 45.7 9.18 45.8 9.56 47.2 11.55 44.9 10.66
������������� 6.2 2.60 5.7 2.40 8.5 3.03 8.6 2.64 �����
������� ��������������� 7.2 2.15 6.0 2.29 8.5 2.32 7.9 2.24 ����� �����
��� �
!"�����!#���� !"�����
� ���$����
����������
Table 1. Mean and standard deviations for TPB's and MHP's variables between Japanese and Chinese students and
������ results of ANOVA
�%&' �%�(��%�)( �%*&Variables
!#����
30
���������� ��������������
(2) ���� (BI)
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����8�� fig.3�3
(3) 9���:;<= (AB)
9���:;<=���� , �2� ��2�
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0#10("���WXY#,2��� Table 1,
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R�STJK�� , )�&'#,K\]��
JK�3
2) ^_6`a=
/1b�^_6`acdef�ghi� Fig.7,
Fig.8 �8�3/1�4$)F� 1j\] I�B
CD , $%�&'#)�&'�kl , mnCnC
10
20
30
40
50
male female
Japan
China
Fig. 2. Godin's exercise behavior score
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
male female
Japan
China
Fig. 6. Perceived behavioral control
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
male female
Japan
China
Fig. 5. Subjective norm
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
male female
Japan
China
Fig. 4. Attitude toward Behavior
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
male female
Japan
China
Fig. 3. Behavioral intention
31
� � � �� � � 30 �
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, f:��C*e���C=�P , MNOMj
kSCLG��� , C���kQOLG"R>U�
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����������� ��� ����������
M SD M SD M SD M SD
������� 9.2 2.78 9.4 3.05 11.1 3.00 10.6 2.63 �����
�������������������� 10.2 2.99 9.3 2.60 10.7 2.99 9.8 2.65 ����� �����
������������������� 9.0 2.98 7.6 2.39 10.7 3.06 9.7 2.93 ����� �����
������������������� 9.1 2.70 8.3 2.65 10.6 3.18 9.8 2.80 ����� �����
����� 9.7 3.36 9.7 3.15 10.4 3.69 9.3 3.13 �����
!��"#������ ������� 9.6 3.19 9.1 2.82 11.6 2.72 10.9 2.52 ����� ����$
19.4 5.06 18.6 4.96 21.8 5.61 20.4 4.83 ����� ����$
18.0 5.11 15.9 4.52 21.3 5.82 19.4 5.13 ����� �����
19.3 6.02 18.8 5.41 22.0 5.75 20.2 4.86 ����� �����
56.7 14.27 53.3 12.87 65.1 15.81 60.1 12.90 ����� �����
����!����������� 11.1 3.20 12.1 3.19 13.3 2.74 13.5 2.80 ����� �����
����%��������� 11.7 3.34 13.0 3.04 14.4 3.22 14.9 2.61 ����� �����
22.8 6.07 25.2 5.66 27.8 5.39 28.4 4.76 ����� ����$����&'()������������
QOL
���� ������������������
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���� ��������������
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,%����
Variables
Phisio.
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Table 2. Mean and standard deviations for TPB's and MHP's variables between Japanese and Chinese students and results of ANOVA
�-12
,�3����
Psycho.
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8����
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2. TPB ��������������!"
f:�e���C=-| TPB =#�$ s
89� , ��1��01lm�r4kMHPG!,
i MNOMj�C���j�*Eb>�`
c , -_3^7Q�_]8 � Table 3, Table 4 =�
QU�
TPB �89�+ � , f:��C!* , ��kBG
*��3�kBIG��g= .40kp<.01G��3,*
E�+$ , 4 89kBI, AB, SN, PBCG��*E!*
�"��Q��QU�TU , ��=$¨1���©
dF���BC�kPBCG��*Ek r=.19, p<.01G
"�Q!d � , �3!d>U���3�kBIG
*��=KF �jkABªr=.40, p<.01G, /01�
�kSNªr=.21, p<.01G, ���BC�kPBCªr=.41,
p<.01G��<�3,*E��Q , ��3�kBIG
*��=KF �jkABG����BC�kPBCG
��*E�*K1=�R>Uk« 1G�
;e , e���C!* , ��kBG*��3�kBIG
44.2
52.2
5.8
17.9
41.7
9.0
8.3
20.9
Chaina (female)
Japana (female)
Vivid type Dull type Resisting type Exhausted type
n=67
n=120
���2
=27.417, p<.01
Fig. 8. Percentage of mental health pattern in Japanese and Chainese female
26.9
31.1
7.7
27.3
53.8
12.1
11.5
29.5
Chaina (male)
Japana (male)
Vivid type Dull type Resisting type Exhausted type
n=132
n=78
�2
=47.543, p<.01
Fig. 7. Percentage of mental health pattern in Japanese and Chainese male
32
���������� ��������������
��g= .35kp<.01G� , �df:��C�f¬��
3,*E�+$U�TU , ��kBG=$¨���
�+ PBC ��g="�3,*Ek r=.26, p<.01G�
+$U���3�kBIG*��=KF �jkABª
r=.59, p<.01G , /01��kSNª r=.46, p<.01G , �
��BC�kPBCª r=.44, p<.01G��<�3,
e�j�*E��QU�)� 389=EQ�*kTable
3, Table 4G�]"f:��C=�P��Q��Q
U�
��1��01lm�r4!,i MN
OMjkSCLG* , f:��C!*����kBG, �
�3�kBIG , ��=KF �jkABG , ���B
C�kPBCG�%�*E��Q , MNOMj���
�B TPB �s89��)���QUkTable 3G�
C���jkQOLG*�= , ����kBG, ��3
�kBIG , ��=KF �jkABG , ���BC�
(PBC)�g�*E��Q , C���j�����B
)$� TPB 89���)���QU�;e , e�
��C!* , SCL � TPB �89g=�3,*E*�
�TB+$] , C���jkQOLG���3�kBIG
�+�3,g�*E��QUkTable 4G�
Variables BI AB SN PBC SCL QOL
�������� .40** .27** .07 .19** -.24** .30** 27.5 23.88
����������� �� ��� .40** .21** .41** -.20** .16* 7.7 3.31
� � ��� .22** .36** -.29** .26* 45.7 9.28
����� ������� .13 .03 -.10 6.0 2.54
��������������������� �� -.23** .13* 6.8 2.26
� ������������ ���������� -39** 55.6 13.88
!������ 23.6 6.02
*p<.05, **p<.01
M SD
Table 3.�Descriptive statistics and intercorrelations among TPB's and MHP's constructs for Japanese students�n=199�
Variables BI AB SN PBC SCL QOL M
�������� .35** .30** .33** .26** .02 .13 24.2 22.12
����������� �� ��� .59** .47** .44** -.06 .21** 8.4 3.30
� � ��� .62** .54** .01 .12 45.8 11.05
����� ������� .50** .03 .01 8.5 2.79
��������������������� �� .01 .09 8.1 2.28
� ������������ ���������� -.12 62.1 14.29
!������ 28.2 5.01
*p<.05, **p<.01
SD
Table 4.�Descriptive statistics and intercorrelations among TPB's and MHP's constructs for Chinese students�n=198�
3. �����#$�%& TPB �'()*�+,-
��1��01lm�r4=_>�,i
=f:�e���C�MNOMjkSCLG�C�
��jkQOLG=KF TPB �%&'(�6,u�
��F U� , �~&b>�#��rvQU�`c
� Table 5 =�QU�MNOMj=EQ�* , f:�
�C* TPB � 5 <�89! 13.6%�h�Q , ���
���j=�3,%��iu�+$U�TU , 10%
�3�]!*d � , ���BC�="%��iu
�+$U�)$*MNOMj�i=���
���� , ����=KF �j , ���BC��
VWX"#=EYQ�� )��3�F �)=
KQ , e���C!* , MNOMj=KF TPB �
%&'(��iu*+$,R>U�;e , C��
�j=EQ�* , f:��C!* TPB � 5 <�89
! 15.1%�h�Q , ������j=�3,g� ,
�Q�/01��=�3,%��iu�+$U�
)$*C���j=������������=
KF �j�VWX"#=EYQ�� � , /01
��*>jX"#=EYQ�� )��3�F �
)=KQ , e���C!* , C���j=��3
���3=g� , �Q� 10%�]!*d �/01
��=%��iu�J�$ , f:��C�*),
�iu��QU�
33
Variables BI AB SN PBC SCL QOL
�������� .40** .27** .07 .19** -.24** .30** 27.5 23.88
����������� �� ��� .40** .21** .41** -.20** .16* 7.7 3.31
� � ��� .22** .36** -.29** .26* 45.7 9.28
����� ������� .13 .03 -.10 6.0 2.54
��������������������� �� -.23** .13* 6.8 2.26
� ������������ ���������� -39** 55.6 13.88
!������ 23.6 6.02
*p<.05, **p<.01
M SD
Table 3.�Descriptive statistics and intercorrelations among TPB's and MHP's constructs for Japanese students�n=199�
Variables BI AB SN PBC SCL QOL M
�������� .35** .30** .33** .26** .02 .13 24.2 22.12
����������� �� ��� .59** .47** .44** -.06 .21** 8.4 3.30
� � ��� .62** .54** .01 .12 45.8 11.05
����� ������� .50** .03 .01 8.5 2.79
��������������������� �� .01 .09 8.1 2.28
� ������������ ���������� -.12 62.1 14.29
!������ 28.2 5.01
*p<.05, **p<.01
SD
Table 4.�Descriptive statistics and intercorrelations among TPB's and MHP's constructs for Chinese students�n=198�
� � � �� � � 30 �
Japan China Japan China
n=199 n=198 n=199 n=198
Behavior -.156 ** .029 .252 ** .091
Behavioral Intention -.017 -.120 -.002 .213 *
Attitude -.214 ** .031 .219 ** .054
Subjective Norm -.107 .050 -.162 * -.171 �
Perceived Behavioral Control -.133 � .015 .023 .031
R .369 .099 .388 .255
R2
.136 .001 .151 .065
F-value 6.085 ** .378 6.856 ** 2.667 *
** p<.01, * p<.05, ��p<.10
Table 5. Regression analysis of TPB's constracts on mental health for Japanese and Chinese students
SCL QOL
variables
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�,^ , ��IJ=-| �� '�TFTF(
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�KL�QUM���=-| ��g�*E
kBiddle3)ª r=.82�{5$ 4�ª r=.90G=�P�K�
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