E.Dominy.JUDO

8/7/2019 E.Dominy.JUDO

1/100


2/100

JJudo is ,a fighting sport calling 'for courage andend urance, but it also teaches both mental andpbvsical control a nd ba la nce,Divided into a series of sixteen graded less..ens.this b010k is d e'.s ign,ed as a bas-ic introduction to Judo.Each s ta qe is ca refu llv a nd clea rlv explained with thea id of iIIustratlons. as this beg ~nner ~staken throuphthe various m oves ..holds and fad Is..'The resu It is ainvaluable' book for the be'ginnsf, practisinq either onhis own or at his club,Eric Dominy is a founder me mber of the London.Juoo Society and Karate Ka i, a B la ck B e l l : t Holder(4th Dan) and a 'British lnternational.

UN~TED ,KIN,'G:DOM 40pAU S1 fRAUA $,'.,26 ,~NEW ZEALAND, $1.2'5CAINADA $1.60tl.l'ie'commended iti)u~no~lob~igatDry


3/100

TEACH YOURSELF BOOY~

]VD -

Judo, is a . figb ti:ng sport, ca .U ing for courage and endurance.but it also teaches both mental and physical con ro~ andbalance. Div lded into' s]xteen graded lesso ns, this bock .sdesigned as a basic introduction L O judo. The various move-menb holds and fa Is are explained step by step, ith thehe~p' olf iUus,tratjons l and. each lesson ends with a . List of themain points covered, together with a summary of some ofthe finer pomts and more nnportant principles. short his-ory of the sport and the Me of judo contests are alsoincluded. The beginner will find that it is possible ,0 progressfrom this book atone, though he i s , r-ecommended to join areputable club if one exists, in his Mea.


4/100

Erie DomiayLondon Judo Society and Karate K.a i

Black Belt Holder (4lh Dan, British Judo Associatien)and Brilish Int1emationai

ST.PAUL~SHeUSE WAllWlCK LANE LO'NOON EC4P ' 4A1


5/100

Firs t prlllted 1954TI,lrteen"/l illlpressi(Jll 1915

Al li ri ght s, r eserved . '0 part of this publleatien may b e repro-duc.edat transmiued in any form or b y a 'f m~aru electronicor mechanical. ~nclLJdjngp otocopy, reconfing, or any in-formation storage a d retrieva sys~em;w'~thOiIJt permissionin writing f10m the publisher.-

'CHAtrrEl. oe.t~ Aaour JUDO III!!II ]11[.. LESSON 1 -

_ .. . IIiiJ , 2 0I . LESSION 2 - - 3I V . LESSON 3 . . .- 0v . LESSON 4 - _ , - ~ 5 .$VI. . LESSON 5 - ! ! ! ! I I . . - 61VI LESSON 6 _ - - - iIio 68i. 82VIII~ LESSO'N 7 - - . .IX' ,. LESSON 8 - _ - 99X~, LE'SWN 9 . . - - 1 0 8-XII LESS,ON 10 !IIi - - 120< ! ! I IXlI~. LESSON 11 . . - - 130. . -

XIII" LESSON 12 . . - - 14- ijIIioXiV. LESSON 1 3 . . iii! 147., -XV~ LES!O:N 1 4 ' i I i i ! I I iII!I! I! I! ! ! , 1 6 4I I 1 I I . .XVI , LESSON 15 . . . II! ! ! I II! I! . . 1 7 4 '..XVII. LESSON 16 - - - 181. . . . . .

ApPENI),IX @i 87. . . -. INDEX . . - 194-

~ '" 0 34'0 0563 1MaJ,e dnd Printed in Greal Sri/uln fo r Th Encof ish

Universities Press LId, LfJ,, ,dQn Jby 1"1"~el~WtU90n & Viney Ltdl, Aylesbury, Bucks


6/100

AUTHOR'S NO -EIwish to take this opportunity of than ing PeterJohnson (Ist Kyu) for the many hours he spentillustratimg thil8 b ook ..To his great ability with the penand brush he bas brought a knowledge of judo worthyof a far higher grade, Most of the illustrations a remade from photographs of G..w~CHEW (4th Dan),M .. SIMPSON (1st Kyu)" C. CRoss ( J st D ian) andF ..INORAM (lst Kyu) but some are from action photo ...graphs taken in International land other contests ..S incere thank s a re a lso due to the Editor in C h i . e : fof' the, Teach Y O ' U A e l f Books, Mr. Leonard Cutts,who"a s well la s sponsorinl tb e book , has offered ISO manyhdpflJl sqggeS;r . iO-DI~ Without his impUeit faith in autho,rand utist T eacA Y tJu rse /f Judo would nat bav como to " " ' " ' =JD ._ ._ t J i . # l o g .Fina lly I wish to impress upon tbe reader that hardpractice IIDd thought are, necessary to ensure PfO,lIeS!and the final attainment o t every j l l ldoka~sl ultimateam'bition~that coveted Black Belt. which - r hope thateachiDg pven, belle will help bim to a tta iD .

EIUCDOWNYLorndon Judo So'c.i lly,~2,;St..OS'wald'& Place,Kenn in gto n Lane, L ondo.n, S.E ..1t.I I


7/100

C HA PTER IABOUT 'DO

. . o r many ~y,~ars I strongl, beli~ved that pe,rs'ollalJnst.ruct.l.olJ] )0Judo was essential, until one evening wile.nrsc tisin g a t a . very famou . club I wa.s sked to loo.ka r wo begi ners -bo h,ad 'orne down from 1 heorth of - n lao Ii They h d been earning from a booknd bad receiv d no p rsonal tuition whatsoever,Bxpeetin a wa sted evening, I 'reluctantly agreed and ,havin been introduced, Itook them, one at a time,to the mat, " nly to be amazed a .t th progress theyd m dew S T " ult, , a wa rded them b oth the Y ellow1 of the 5th . yu grade,A bout this time a club was formed in the Midlandsamon st complete . ovices who had as instructors two, - n . vho h d ttended week's vocational school,-t ich 1ha _ been present, Today this club is veryo rerful, ha ving several lack B'cl ts . amongst itsm 'hers . .hesc s to rl e are told as evidence tha judo ca n b e1 . .. 'ght i a lways advis b le 0 join a reputa b le1 0 e I S ;O yo r neighbourhood, but it is- r ainly possible to rog ess from the book alone.A friend iin whom to practise is very much to be~ ~nd attend Inc at any demon5j'~raUonselts in ou r area il l be 0 great hel ith - B~ k Bel ts during the in ter-- show; the a lway illing 0 hlp.

'Wha t Is ludorThe origin of judo is Iost in th e past W_ , a re told

-y v a ri ou s a u th or it ie s that it originated in China,Indi and Japa t but here is 1 .10 doubt tbai, whereve .I t _ 'ay " ave started, it developed in Japan. It is s id thatin the da .ys of Japanese chivalry it was+ customary inw arfa re to re fuse ,Iny advan tage over your opponent,Should. one knlghtbe disarmed, h is adve rsa ry immediatelycast away - his, swo rd and m et r u m in unarmed combat .This Jed to training in unarmed combat and slowly acrude and violent but most effective form of jujitsudeveloped. Professional soldiers o pen ed sch oo ls whereyo 'unS Japanese knights were ta ugh t how to handletheir bows, swords and daggers and also jujitsu ..Untillate in the 19th century t he rt : we re m any schools orjujitsu in Ja pan, each W itb it s owD ma ste r te ac hin g hisf a ' V ' o u r i t 1 e " and s p e e i a l i s t tricks.. JuJi~su i n that period'was co .ming: into bad repute; experts having a habit ofeausmg trouble in the bazaars and , tr ying out their skillo n in no cen t memb ers o f the pub lic, in the resulting riots.At this. time Dr. Jigoro Kana became Interested,He studied under many of the old masters and finallydevi le ,d a s:ystem of his o~wn,.namin.,ghis art, judo-thegentle uti l ' f l l 1 88 2, he founded the now world famousKODOIC.WAN ISchooI of Judo in 'Tokio, where judo inits present form was taught. For the first time th e moredanerous and uncontrollable mov es su ch as b lows w ereb a rr ed " a .lth ou gh they a re stiD taught to higher grades,ud thusj~do oo'uJ.dbe pracdsed as a sport.II


8/100

1 2 JUDOJudo~is 6 . tin .l. sp ort in which ha d knocks arb oth given lind reee:1ved .. Don't~b~ deceived by statewmeats Ithat strength IS DO,~ used In Jud~it is . Stren!Hband endurance are required-s-the pemt 10 rcmem,ber"~,that th e strength must b e directed into the exactdirection of your opponent's movement, In this formof fighting grea t use is made of the c:lothing and in aUclub s the traditiona l costum es w hich a re shown in theWus.trations ,a re u sed ~Although commo ru y ca lled the art of se)f~detence.this title is misleading as judo is also an aggressiv~sport .. The lock s. b olds and throw s taught in this booka re, ~ a~ee~ b ~ed o~ self...~erence b ut w ith the slightmcdification wh~ch a ll p upils soon learn can b e used .,equally effectivlely in attack ..n sh ort th ere fo re , wh at you a re a bout tO I learn is a hardfighting sp ort in wh ic h e v'e rymoveme nt has i ts ~ lu ' nterO ljmovementwhicbin turn againean be,couD.te.redand so ODtJudo was introduced into Britain in 1912 and the ~r ound a~ion ~~ toD 'e o f European judo was laid byG~ K01ZUIDJ m 1 91 8 w hen he founded the first amateurc ub in Eu o pe, th e B ud okw al,Although s ome very fine judoka, a 'S we call those whopr~lct~seEjudo, were produced, jude struggled' along in

B r i t a i n In a " $ ,0 1 a 11impecunious way until t he second GreatWa r ) when gener al in te re st wa s a rous ed by th e teaching of~ed combat in the Forces, In 1946, London Judo

SOCIety was fou died and for the first time Britain had-a s.eco'nd ~ajcr club, NOWadays London Judo Society~s magnmceJ1 lt p remis es aU.dhas produced. un?c:r." ' -'_ '~hew, g:eneraJly recognIsed a s one of t he l ea d ingt~sh 1ns rue .... .of th _ ~.' .ors~ m,any Black Belts), IDcluding threet e youn 1 l ( 1 S 1 ever "D Europe.

J Lea rn ado?Most people wb 1ke ,_ o ta .. up Judo do so for one of two

AOOT J DO 1 3easons: either they wish to able to d fe,nd them .selv es, o r' th.ey are attracted by the glamo ur which I rorsome reason, attends our sport. T hey are no t a t first,J .interested in judo from our point of view; ha t of asport. A fter a few wee s they eit er give up, af er findingthat they cannot learn to be "masters" in a our e ofea sy lessons, or they see tbe real possibilities of a sportw:hich has an innnit,e number of moves each with itscounter move"Judo is a really fine all ro nd e xe rc is e, d ev elo pi na we 1 p ropo rt io ne d, suppl e body ..I t t ea c he s S. fcontra,and both mental and physi,eal relaxation and balance ..Ability to coneentra e is increa sed and judo calls fa

CouTI,I,e and endurance for, a lth ough w e ge t very rew in ..juries" it is afiglttins sport" Above all. itdevelops pa ti ence,per se ve ra n ee a nd con si de ra ti on for other people. Thusthe ex po nen t o f j ud o dev e1 9P s a philosophy of hi s own.How to Leam rro'm ' tTeac.h Y O J . U S e l f Judo"Read. right through the book trying to 6t the move-meats described to the illustratlons but no studyingany in div id ua l th row ' 'or movement "0 partieutar. This

will give you a go od gener al i de a .oCjudo. .Next, commencefrom ieSS()D1 andIeam how 'to fall, On no account pa ssover the "breakfalls, ". if you are work ing a lone . 'If youdo" . you will be a menace to yo rs elf a nd rh e membersof any etub you may visit, Your a tte nu on is d ra wnto the faUs aga in and _pin as you work through th eles"SQ'DSin order that they may become more proficicota s the throw s you lea ra increa se in violence. If you b aveapartner you wiD soon learn to pa y sufficient attentioa"to "breakfalls," as you will be well and .truly shaken upif yau fail to do solB,uie prineiples a re stressed throughout, a poi~tmissed in so maDY books, &eb l 'e550U covers the mamp oin ts a nd then, when th ese a re f am ilia r empha sise s th e


9/100

,'UDO , I t . our J .0ch throw or. may is escribed '0 the assumptionthat you have such. a partner with wliom to practise. Ifnot, you will have to try to visualise the moves of 'a nimaginary opponen ansi check your poshlons a dmovements tro,m a mirrQl--a fa r ore d.i.fficlli - roposition, .A pair of cords ot'" better still, expander spnngsattached tOI firm ..Iupporlsat chest l,evelwin b e of grea t.help. Do not attach them to a w indow ca tch ; my club

win dows a re all witho,ut c atch es a s a resul of.this, Tiea lOlop at the end of ea ch cord and, holding a Icop orthe handle of the spring in each balJ.d, take up a f ir m .tenslon, As ') 'IOU turn" p u n en the 100p or-handles in tb eway d es crib ed in tb ,e le sso n o nw 'hic h y ou a re work in gjust as if it w ere a n opponent. 'This gives you the feel oflight opposition (Fig~ I). Sp rings a re better than cordsbecause they are live y and should they pun you of [balance as yon stretch them with your movement, youknox that your throw ,wo uld h a ve fa ile d o r you wouldl J ' 8 v e b een c ounte re d by your imaginary opponent.This, form of practise is advisable even if you ha.v.e apaitner and. it ls a . common sight at L ~ l I l d o n Jud~ S O C l e l _ Yto see 'high grade Black Belts, wor~g .hard WIth theIrju do , b e lts tied to, I regret to say, a wiDdow catch..Difficulties Which May ArlseRemember that some tbJow.s or holds may 1l0~ .s~tyou. -A ta ll mall trying a shoulder thro-w OD a muchshorter opponent 'will almost ~tainIy .beu?sucoessfu~but he.should not b e . discouraged ..Despite this he shouldstudy 'and practise, the ' th ,o,w..The da y w in come when heeithet bas to teach i .t to a pupil or may wish to use ODeor the many variations which ri~1suit him, In such aease, the basic movements wi] be the same and the:leader ' N i H regret having neglected the origi n~~throws.Siome points of technique are extremely difficult to

,. mportant Points" iD a summ I' a t the end ot thed 'crip[ioo~ where you wiUfind some of the finer po,inband me re .important priDeipies listed ~ Remember thatifyou find you . require t~ usestrength a~d Iorce to maleyour movement -successful your move is incQ,rrect and- i ll be. a failure, If Ulis, applies to you , . j,t will pay toecommenee at the beginning ' o , r _ t h i s throw or hold.Of course if you p ra ctise with a 'partner" he mustco ..operateby placing bimself in, position for th e pard ..eul a r movemen to be practised,I

., 1!Ii. I!IJ

R _ , . _ I.


10/100

lin u . you . nge d ey and .ltt IS sufficiently loose tobe cool and allow fuU freedom of movement. Above a nno form of normal . very1aay clothes bas been found8 011 enough to stand the great st ain involved.Do . O tt think ha t it is impossibl to earn j 0 if youare 11 able to obtain n outfit" 00 bal l shorts and . nold ja ck et w ithpock et:s and bu ons taken off W I n do,although thejacket will probab~y Q10t last lang. A pyjam,a,cord will d.o as a b elt and no s oe s ate Q'uired as jud0e xp on en ts a lw a ys prae ise in 'bare feet, a " this avoidsinJ nes and in any case is a beafthy foot exercise.The ja ck et ha s 'to be f as tened somehow, but a s hutto sare dangerous a belt ~sused" A .buck~e is liable to cause.injury and is t b . e r e f o ' r e ou t of the question, so the. beltis m ade long enough to tie ill a k not. Ie.goes~rolun~~h eb ody tw ice in order tb a t it may hold te Jac~7t l~ posmoamo e se cuf,sly . Also the colour of the belt in dic a e s t egrade a nd sk in of the wearer. It will be.~no ticed th~a . t~ecolours of the grades p r o l T ' e s s , S'Q tha t in prom ouon IIIgrade it is a lways possible to dye ,o ur belt to the nextcolour without difficultyu,Tbe G'rdes In JudeIn judo, those . who pra ctise. a re divided _into grl~~according to th elr sk ill and experlen ce " These a re tn-dieated by the colour of the bel t thley w~r ..Tbere~re .six KYO grades and ten DAN grades. The word K~~ &ra ea ns p up il a nd DAN ~MDS de~ Of master ather likea school w'here ,the pupils are.Krtr s and the masters, amDAN'S~ You will. find therefore that when you sta.:tyo u will wear ,2 red b elt which i nd ic a te s DO gra de b ut rsrequired to held the jacket toget~er: Tben ~jhen you ge tgr ded to 6th Kvu you ~ be O~~laJJy entitled to wearwbi 6.. You progress through 5th K~Yenow, 4thKyu-O'ranp, 3rd K~Green" 2nd KYU-Bluet and1 st Kw..,_BroWD beltholder~You can 1 0 0 1 < on a ll these

16tJDOd ' ~be" d . ,derstand. ". D wi th t a - , 0.peci I y pr-epared illustration. eadem ar fo _adyj'sed to tum baclE; every' three IesSODB, and reyjsethe moves already studied. You w iU be amazed how muchyou a ppea r to ha ve:missed a .d each tim e yo u I readles,soD you will discover Dew points which will h Ip ~u.The main thin, is to avoid becoming discou~Discoura.gement a 1 f e c t s all judoka at some t U B e 0another!! mainly because judo is a .dif6cu'lt art Itrequires such a sma ll amount of error II '-, timing ord lre eticn to , c aus e fa ilU lie that often 0011 co:s,ide rab l aexperience and though t w i J l show you th e cause of yourfailure. Always remember that judo is d i f f i C U l t , and- thaonly hard and ' l O D e 'pmcti'te, w i D b.ring suecea . Ifit weree a : s Y t it would Dot be wonh l e a . r D i D g .

I t . . DT 7

Ju -0 CloddDgAs you w iD see from the dia grams, th e clo th iD ,1 ,yom,- .. d oil ~'fIl: . . ,......I '. '. f 'O ': o 'b , It:....l o r J U I 0ISp e e u u a r to e u r IS'P'Q'Ib _ . t 'consrsll o. & & i t 00.l r 'o w , e r s J "e a eh i n L gj u s t be low the k n e e and a loose Jaeke~i e s le eves o , r whicb reach just below the elbow~It is,

fas,ened with a 'belt which is 100g ' enough to go round th e.ody lViite and. is tied . in f r O D t with. a iDOlThis eu tfi.t ml 'Y ' ,Stem s t r a l i e e a t ' m , s t glance but there-ue several reasons fo r i 'lsl adoptio& Judo is b ased on thllid~ tha t if ,you are, attacked your opponent is - m o , s t~Unlikely to b e Daked~he is certa in to ;b e elothed j.somea~ o r anoth er. The re fo re th e, Japanese used the C o s t u m ,ewhich was usual to t h em J } th,eir n a t i v e costumej j When in lSH8. G. Koizumi fonned the first orgaDisedJudo club ill Great Britain-probably in . Europe heaw DO rea son t.o westernise th e Q u tfit and, in Iaet, D,D .tter one ias b e e n . devised. The trouser legs and.J~(:ket &1~ pr o ect the knees an4 elbows from un -P eas;mt mat bUDlS- the!e a re :ao pacl::ets o r buttoD8 to


11/100

IU 0,"~ as P ' pil . d es a nd t ! t n from Ist ",~ y'ou finally- . r u ! ' I I . D 1 e your d T ~ the .hlghly covel d B la ck ' B elt of1$[ DAN', th e u ltim a te ambition 10f ' a n those whol practisejudo,AU D an, de , up to and includi '. S ~ - AN wear aelac belt. From 6th to 9th 'a n inclus~vea red -D'h i t e s riped ]t"9 w o r n , but only one E u r o p e .a n. IPaddy OiNeiJ1b a s re ac he d 1 6 t h Dan so far and he d id , soafter many y e a - n pra ctice in T ok io . T en th D a n is indicated.y red belt which" it has been said. is lik ely to causeoofusion a s beginners wear t S1\me col.our. As however,in the whole history of judo, the , tot a l number of 10thDans award.ed has b een three, no confusion appearsposs ib le for 'Very many yean.l v l a n y club s g iv e their beginners white belts and O lDeir promotion to th e 6th Kyu. they retain the samecolour .. T his ha s the dis-adv. m ~,ge o r the instructor no teing able to pick ou t the complete beginne and . of thebeginner himself having no material badge of hi s fir,stprom otion for w hich he has worked ,50 hard.oests an Practisen a n clubs, contests and practices commence andfinish with the ceremonia l b ow, which ta k es the pla ce ofshaking hands in boxing and wrestling or the salutation h th e r o n in fencing! T his b ow Is, of course, traditional:iv i g your hand to. a judo expert would - o b vio us ly- a sk ing for _ oub le, In contests, leach name is canedin turn and the contestant walks on to the mat and sitsdo.wn -in his com er Q 1n hi s heels, his k nees. o~ the mat.I opponen ta kes up a sim ila r posture in the oppositer hen his name is cal] d. They then b ow to-ea c~r ,placi ' their hands on the rna s just in front 0'h ir nees ~nd lowering their beads sufficiently to show. - top of the head to their opponent Having bowed

9s " nts 011 t. 1C tr 0 ' ma I, k

an Clempt to tak . their holds on their opponent'sjacket, A,s soon a s a hoJd is taken, t e tim ek J in acontest) sta ts his w a ch, Tbe nd 0 C est is indicatedb b so ndina r on '. or c 1 1 0 ,j im ' ' th~on es a nts ret ninz 0 t i__,co rs and rep' n hibow, he forma l bow, how veri is being "COn'in som e clu bs,Should either wish to break ,off he contest foreas,on-usoaUy tightening his belt or a djusti ..jacket-he shoul b rea k clea r of is pponent, r qu _ihis opponent to let him do so if 'I, ~saryJ ~n op onto one knee, His opponent should im rnedia ely adopthe sa me position and t he t imekeeper wi ll s top his w a _ ch.,The contest is renewed w hen the contestant who re uiredthe pause regains is ,eet The urn ire will 0 ly allo: Ithis b rea k for a gcn ine r a son a d w ill watch or attempo use t hi s rule to ge t out of difficulties or obtai a rest,Points are won in jud o c on te st's in three ways. .(a) A clean thro~tbrowing one's o P P O Q 1 e n t on to hisback,(b ) F orcing him to submi to a . s tr an le or rm I ID e (c ) Holding him on his back for 3~ sec~nds . . .More detailed explanations are Ien In the. pp.rop ...r ia te lessons a nd . in th e ru le s fo r j udo con te st s o page 187.


12/100

LESSON 1 0 _ ' 21ro ' s a a rtner, 'b \v ay to f co - eetly an .h arm ...lessly ust be learned thorough y. A t the moment, Iw ill n ot c on fuse you , with the mor com plica ted m ethodsof fallin used by x rt s for th me e vi ole _ throw s;b ut will dea l " 0 necessary fo e actua l '0' Staugh ear y in this boo, A : s , a ldi ion methods ' menecessary, the breakfs l ls will . Iained,You must have noticed a t some tim e or a noth ~ that if

} " O t I L I b owl a round object, such ..as a ball, along th e ound,it rol ls smfu :> thly and no dama ze is dons" F ore,if~tis a soft b a ll, su ch as a ten s all, even - b - p ~= 1DOt damage it.. Now ~ agine the same thing pp ningto a squa re ob ject, a b rick for instance. It ounces a longth e g ro un d all the time knocking lumps out of itself andshould it hit a bump it MIl probably be completelysha ttere d. N ow comps e your o. body with rese 'V\"Oexamples, the ball a -d the brick. The average perso ~psand falls, sprawling, Wltharms and le gs f lu ng ' ou t a dbody s't.i.ffwith surprise-usua lly he gets hurt, A judoexponent falls like th e haUl he rel~xes his ~dy 0 makeit soft and pliable, and I ns tin eti f e' y curls his bod up 0take .the fall, wber er possib e.! a harmless T 11

Take y,our tim e ov er these b reak f a lls . .The a in 0 ~ectmust b e to build up a con 6 denee which cannot b e de s oyedby a moment'e carelessness or over-enthusiasm, Con..f id en ce once lo st takes quite a .. e to regain and causesb oth men and pb SIca] sti.ffness w ic results in f 1 erunneces sa ry knocks and bruises,Breaking Your FaD Bac aids

Squa t down on " our h ee ls , tu ck your chin ~to yourchest d roll b a ck ds (Fig..2)"If~on roll right overtit does ot matter) b t is not necessary. At this stage,you should under 0 circumstances. thro.. yourselfback jus roll slowly and S 00 s : The nnportaDOe,of keeping your head well tucked in cannot be em-

' -- -- .- .- t Not,'Th roughou t this b oo k, th e word oplponent'" has been

U' ed -o. describe the person on whom you practise thea rious holds? lock s a nd throws, This m ust not giv e the. . pression tha t a ll a re working against hjm a n th e~ e+co operation is essentiale Breakfal ls

_ ' is essentia l tha t De fo re you p ra etis e I~' throw youshould be taught th e fan applicable~to it, especiaDy ifyou. a re a , p artner .. Before you commence to practise hDldsa d th rows, sp en d S minutes on breakfalls, Ify 1 0 u maketbis an invariable habit there "8 DO reason. why you shouldnot spend years a judo W ithoutreeeiving an it i u r Y . Someof the falls ha ve b een om itt ed f rom this Jesson.as tbey a reC i a , erous to _ com plete be ~ . er J but later on,theY willcause "1'0 _0 difficulty ~hen practice has made y,oUsll~ple and fa milia r w ith b asic judo movements ,All falls must b e taken with the body eurled up andmpletel relax . The arm, or arms, IS u sed. a s shoea, s r~ a d ~ . take about. 90 per cent. of the ilnpa~the mstrue en s in th is le sso n are fono le d . .earefullyand pract ised tho roughly there is no reason w hy C allim ashould cause any d i f f i C 1 J l t y . Experienced. judo men derive"fl r more - p easure from taking a " t e n exoouted a nd._.. lacular 0 _an 'In_king- a successful breakfall,an. t~ey do ro makiDg t ..oW:J althou ..O'U mayfi ~bIs.ha d o_ lieve a ' first.

15 Illite obvious that, b efore you ca n "pra ctise tho20


13/100

12 JUDO.phasised i 00 .I, ue~ asfaUu~e to do so W i ll r -sult in s ev ere hea d ac b esand after a h ea vy fa ll iayour head ,hitting 'he:600[' or mats with UD...p le as an t fo rc e.It is fo r th is rea so n th at

RI'~2 . allju(lo.ra~sare t ak en withthe b ody com pletely rela xed a nd curled up" in o rd er top re ve nt d ama ge to th e head, n eCk a nd Qitremi t ies o f theIi!spine,Practise this movement , unt il it is smooth a - u d r e l l X e d ; tso that yOlu can DO W proceed with the next part of theb re ak f all, L ie on YOQr b a ck w i.thyour head off the groundmd ell tucked tnto your chest and your knees -alse wellra wn up Al ow your arms to lie on the ground, at anangJ .e of about 45 degrees from your body, so that theu nd ers id e o f th e arms and palm of the bands a re 'in CODI! !tact 'With tb e m a ts; keeping your: fin gers to geth er, N owbeat the m a - 'w ith the inside of 'th e, a rms .a nd. the pa lm s of theands (Fig~,3)~This, is the part o rthe arm which is normallyagainst your body. if Y'OD stand-th hero han.ging limply,~lms of the hands ag a in s t y pu 'r,des, As yo u beat th e ma ts , thea rm s m ust m ainta in this - 4 Sdegree angle to your body~Keep y aW " a-ODS absolutely .F f 3Ielax~, fingers t-ogether. and bea t from th e sboulder ..agme tb~t you a re a ttemp tin g to Dick your . handsoff your ~sts. On no account should the a rm be bent,~r ~ : P tsU If a s this~ lesuit io a pa in fu ll y sk inned ortW ed e~bow",Q,DCe yo u have the "feel" of the move-

LISSO 0 B 23- ea t, do ~ot e afraid to ! beat hard, especially if youhave a phab~e surface on .which to practise, propermats or a thick carpet f or in sta nc e,A loa d example of this b ea ting mov m nt w ithre la x ed a rms is piece of b b er hoseplpe, A . s 0 courseyou know, it is limp and lla _1 t b _t if you old it in .yo~ h~andand slash it down a cr os s the gro n It looks,a s It h i t s . t th e groun.d, to, be as rigid a s an iron ba r , Thisis exae1ly how you should we your a rm , relaxed but

s tr et ch ed out to its full extent, contr-olled from one end,the shoulder.Bea t ' 'W i t h your a rm s dow nw ards towards yo ur feet~ eep in g th e 4 5 deg re es a ngle . Do Dot bea t sideways,The result, if-you keep th e c orre ct a ng ie , w ill b e the same' but the former is a fa r ea sier m ovem ent for a beginnerto master.Now yon ca n a ttem pt to com bine these tw o m ove.:ments b ut first th e re asons for them should b e explained.The arm acts a s a sboo:k a b so rbe r be tween the body andth e f loor" I t s hould b e at a fr ac tio a ora second-w hen youw atch a n ex pert it will a ppe a r s lmu lta n eous=b e fo re y ou rbody re ach es tb e g ro un d aDd t-. a b so rb s a .good ninetyper cent of the sb10ckll If, a f te r p ra c tis e; you still take aconsiderablejar, it is obv ious tha t th e th eo ry b a s n ot b eenfuUyunoorstpodand you should, oneemore , work t h roughthe Instructionspaylng part icular attention tothedlagrams,Once more sq ua .~ d.own OD your-heels a s in . F ig . . 2 onpage 22 and, keeping, yo nr h ea d w e l.tu ek ed mj;.roU b a ck ,at the same time bringing your IIJ'mS down in front ofyOQ and beating the mats a t an angle. of 4S degrees to "your body. I\ s previous ly expla ined, YOUl a rms shouldstrike a fraction. of a s ec -ond b ef or e your body. Men'you a re tho.ro ughly b a pp y about th is and ca n TOn backquite rapidlywith.Qu~ jarring: your.~body, . especlally yourspline a nd n ec k, straighten your knees a little a nd ro ll b a ckfrom a h.igher. position until you ca n throw y ou rs elf b a c k -


14/100

\

IUDO'a rds, w hen you are standingupright, Fipre ' shows afall b ein g w ell t a k en . .Fo r yearown good you should on no

.' 1 account hUlI)' yOU! propessand become tc itious '0'early.e Bre atraD S id ew ays

..~~.'~6) If yo u are happy about th~f ie , ; . . backward breakfall, you canco dnue with the sidewa ys 'b rea k fa ll.. T he theory isvery s imi la r , the body being kept curled Up" head tuckedin , and the mat beaten 'With the a rm , oDly 'this time yo'utie 00 your s ide (Fig . S)~Attempt it on the, right s j, de fu s .You shou ld no te that your body must D ot be C t i l l y on theside but ha tr ~way b e tween th e Side and b ack . 'For con-venience, 1sh all refer to this positio n a s beine OD ,your"side, tt Lie on yourright side a llowinsour left arm to lieloose y across YOUlfody----you 'Will se ehat actually hap-pe n s to that left arm.later on. Bring yournees up and tuck ino head so that yobody is in a 'curled AI- 5up" position and beat the mat, still at an angle o r 4$de~ from your body, ~ itb the richt arm, This is 110yo .will b r ea k your fa ll w h en thro n on yo - right side.If yo u ha ve a . ood ..de a of position a d movement,r an sf er to 'Y O left "side," Now the right arm is loosely-- ess YDur body and you are beatiuo th e mats with,our left arm. 1;3 - u. '" &

, SON 0 - 25Nex -~t ake up the sideways breakfal l position o ODe"side," $IY the right for example, and then roll yourbody over to your left "side" and beat with the left arm"A llow the momentum of your 0 1 1 to b ring yo r gbta rm in0 position, across your . dy As your ef t arm"bo -ees" off the m let it c om e a cro ss your body a ndroll o ver to your r i g l . 1 t side beating with the right a .N owroU b a ,c k jo the left side a nd so on. This rolling movementMIl giy, yeu th e "feel" of the b reak faU p osltle _ ' and

assist yo u t o . c om e in to it automatically a s you ~ , veto do, if you a re to avoid unpleasan bumps.. t IS also agood exere ls e and will' egin to m ak e your body oft a dpli3ble~,a very necessa ry c ondi tio n f or good judo. Controlyour roU from side to side from your hips . .As-supple hips. a re essen ti a l 't o good and e ff ec tiv e j udo, this is a breakfaUa nd g en era l exercise w hich ca nn ot D e practised too often . .Now you can become a l it tl e more amb itio .. S e t atdown on your lieels once mer le and all to your side. Ifyou ,roll to th e right belt the m ats 'With the right arm, ifyou roll to the, left bea Vli th your left arm~this ' V i 1 1 giveyou' a very good idea o r th e se nsa ~o n o f faning an ISte st o f th e e lfe ctiv cn eS s of yODI breakfall,'I r yo u have-lot to this stage and ca n faD Wlthoul anyundue ja r, yon can proceed to the next step, Stand .p-right, Cee'ttogether" bend YOll[ knees sliJhdy, a dopting alo ose , re la xe d p ositio n, Now begin to move your righ, e a across YOnI body from riptto lef t; '_Dotfonrard, keeping yourroot along the ground an the waya s it mov es to )"our l ef t. Soon youwill re ac h th e p oin t where yo u "illlose your balance. When that timea rrives - ow yourse . to fall toyour right, breaking that fa U v i iyour rigbt arm,. Repeat this trans- ~~.remog a n the movements to th e Iq. ,


15/100

LESSON 0 B 27It is 0 Y thro gh ays ado tin a correct p srethat the necessa s te o r bala Ice is ob ined and!co ntin ua lly rn ai n tained,Stand upright on he mat, keepin your fe t a.p. rt~about e width. 0' you shoulders is deal-th cneesshould . bent slightly and the b le bodyrelaxed so that -its weight S umps on '0 theabdomen (Fig, 7)..10 , this 'way, you will dthat a straight line could be drawn upthrougb your toes, knees and a bd om e n ..Thisis the position you must endeavo r tore a in however rm c you mOJle abo t, Ano. time when movlr g should. t e feet bebrought fO D close together, never closer.than a boR t 1 8 inches, whether moving side-ways, backwards or forward.You should watch your oppone t a thelevel o his, eyes or chest, do no t ook ownathis feet which would c urv e y ou r body too,much , . l ea ve you open to y O W " " opponent'sthrows and reduce the effectS o C your ownef[ortS~ A iIf yo _ h av e to mov e to .th e l ef t, g li .de yourlefi fo o asfa r' a s you can w i t t i comfort in th,at d ir ec ti on , k eepi ng :y ou r w eig ht e ve nly b a la nc ed and then bring the right footup to within ab out 18 inches of ' it" Practise this slowlyI'talclng several steps on e way and then in th e reversedirection until yo u can move abou t rapidly in ei herdirection without ..ny loss of ba.1lnce~Do no becomediscouraged Ifyou ca nnot "ma s er" this in a few minutes-a s it. ta k e s th ,e ;ju do exper t years o .f constant practice tomove freely (lIn th e m a ts with rhythm whilst maintain~ngexcellent balance .. Really bard practice at just movingabout the mat will be amply repaid eeause your judo, bothdefensive and offensive, willimprove out QfaU knowledge.T he foot over which you have the main ~ of your1.-2

2 6 JUDOopposite side and graduallf increasing be -0, nee of thefa~ as fO ~ become more and more confid nt and pro-ii~mentuntil you, c~o take a ~ II such as that shown inFIg. 6 . N ate the ;n,ght a rm ra ised for the' b re ak ! a ll,

BALANCE. Ba i I~ llceis an essential. ~rt of everyday.l ife ; ithout it,moveme~t! jof . any d es crip tio n wou ld be impossible, II utbecause It IS to some exteDt ,o r allier I ns ti nc ti ve , . .and doesDot ha ve to be ~cqu.ir~ people tend to take it v;ery muchf or g ra n te d until the ume com es w hen ~ they w ish to learnt~ sk ate, or in heir y ou th fu l d ay s a tempt to ride abn~ycl~ for the first time. H O W / le v e r e v ,e _ D t h e se occasionso nly In cu r a . moment4 lrY dif ficu lty which is 8 00 ,0 over . .come. .In ,skating or' cyc ling . .tb~ actions, as yo u are usingS k ate s~O ! a cycle, a re artificial and as you are unused toem It IS only to be expec ed that they will have to be~~tered. But ~. judo, the judo exponent being on foot.th,e a V l e r a ~ s ; e b eg in ne r a ss umes that, b eca use he ca n walk

0, .~ n Wltbout difficulty. h e s ho uld find it easy to movea J:to utthe a ts ..To achieve success it is essential to ridon eself o f this - ,~ ea ; 't he art of b alancing: oneself nowa ssumes ,ne ,! . and greater proportions, fo r not only arey~ u now: gOllJg to h~ ve , to balance O'D. one. foot but yo uwill hav~ !o t~ whilst doing so and above aU to c on tro la un"Nilling opponent at the sa me. time. _p._

""ao....,...._eThe pos it io n you adopt o n th e mat is v it a ll y impo rt antto your success inJ~udo Rem ~ " L . _ r tbl _ b .,. f ' . .. ..1 '1 1 1 . ' "' d'., . . 'W1,I,lJUV I C aslS 0 GUl JU .0lSummed. up as foUows:--~"However well you areak the- 'bal roppcne ~ , a d h. _ . ' I _ .. aJjce" 0 yourcentro U ()we~ much you have bun under

OWIl ~~~... asted ityo u are unable to retain your


16/100

28 JUDOweig ,t should move first" 1 0 ether word,s ~ not ma.ke aconscious e ffort to move. your foot 0' leg but move yourhip first, the leg o f co urse ~ust rol !ow~ ._ n judo move-ments commence from the hips, It lS a fatal mistake tooffer your opponent a ' ' ' l o o s e ? ' ' foot or leJ._Walk ing forwa rd is s,omewhat sim .U a. G lide the rightl eg forwar-d controlling tb!t mov,em~nt from the b ip andkeeping yo ur weIg ht o ver the b lp , Wh.M your right foot isfirmly OD th .e m a ts, b ring ; your left leg tcrw 'a rd in thes ame ma nn er" Take ca re Do t to bring your left leg toonear to your right a s, it 'passes and keep the feet, about1 8 in ch es, o r t h e ' width of' your s houl de rs , a p a rt.These movements must be p rae ti s edha rd and then youc an a ttemp t tbe d iagona l movemen ts to the front a . D ( i "what is ev en mere dJf6.cwt, m,oring baekwards,'When mov ing a bou t in a contest, or friendly pra ctice,t ' ere is one golden rule yo u should always observe,

"Ne"qr Cross Your F e e . t i t 1 ' 'flow to Hold.'Your OppnDent in JudoIn judo there is no compulsory hold that must be t akenon yo~ oppoaent's jacket such as you see in th e v a rio usforms of wr-est6.ng. Years of pra ctice a nd contest havle, shown tha t th e best grip is to hold your opponent's leftla p el w it h y.ourrightban,d at aboutth e lev el o f your own ch est a nd withyour left hand grip your epponent'ssl~ve, just below his right elbow(F~P" 8,).As stated previOU$'1y, this is not acotppulsory hold, b U t naturally astandard grip is n ec es sa ry f or thepurpose o~ te achin g and .many yea rsof Judo have proved. this to b e the'most e f t ' e c u v , e ' for a right-handed

f~l8; person, For I . h . iS reason, th e re fore ,

:SSON ON 29+a ll t .rows ught her i1 . corm e c fr o this stand rdbold although as you pro ress there is 0 objectio toyour varying this to suit your own personal idea s a ndf a vo u r- ite th O'WS~Al l throws wHl be taught right-handed, which su its h ishold, here i s, however, no obiec lo n to th . hand cldsbeing n v er se d although his suits left landed th ows.There is a very good rea son fo r this hold. If youexper iment y ou w illf ind that th e grip with. your left handbelow the elbow funy co ntro ls h is rig ilta m andthere-fore bas the power to b rea k up his attacks before th y

ClD d ey lo p In to th rows, a lso when you make your O\Yna tta ck this position gives you the maximum possibleleverage whilst re ta in in g th at c on tro l o ve r your opponent,Tb'B- hold lOf'the right .hand OD th e la pel is used to driveyour opponent round in th e direction o r your at tackingmovement and again this is the position of the greatestleverage.. You will appreciate the Im portance of theh old la ter 00'11

Bo". ti D Break Yo Opponent's Balanoe to Left and RightT his is without doubt the most difficult part of judoand it wilt take you m any ?tears of practice to becomeproficient, To a tta in a b s olu te p er fe ction is impossible inany' section of judo" aU t f i , a . t one can hope to do is (0b ecom e a s effici'f'nt a s, pos sib le , However this must notdiscourage you as you 'will soon learn a U that is ~entialto 'm ak!e selfaderenc'B aga ins t an opponent who IS UQ-p ra c tis ed in judo most effective should the necess ity ar ise.Sim ila rly a few weeks t ra i ning will teach you enough ~togive yO'll considerable fu n a .nd exercise from th e pointo r Vi'BW of jude as a sport ~No doub t at some time or other you have moved aheavy box o~ piece of fum~ture and .hav~ foun~ t~at_tolift it b odily is imposslble, The solutton IS to tilt It for-ward or away from you and then 00 to one corner"


17/100

JUDO3 :0.rom here it ca n be . rol led 0 to nether c e. a rid so n u ntil ~itis i he required la ce, .T he hum an body is ,very sim ila r to your box in that itstands on a . a,at b ase w ith four corners. These corners atet e heels, a nd toes of the feet. If then you treat a , oppo~nent 1 the sa me manner a s the boi J} you . wit 1 break hi sbalance. I other words" to break his ba lance youmanceuvre him so that h is ; we igh t is transferred towstoes or heels, or even better, to th e toes or heel of one.foot. A t this stage t h e main andmosl d iffic ult p art ofthe throw ha s b een com pleted .Ama n"s b ala nce ca n be disturbed i n anyone 0 I e i g 1 1 tposs ib le d i rec tions ; d i r o o t l y to h i s , front o r rear, I . e f t orr ig ht , l ef t or righ.t (lear comers OlI' lefl or right f ront corners .T o b rea k his b ala nce in amy o f th ese d ire ctio ns requiresd . i .f fe r c m t treatment b u t t h i s w i l l be better studied w h e nind iVIdual throws are considered,In judo, aU throw s a re m ade in a o irc u1 a r mov emen t.When yo u and you r oppoaea t a re holding ea cb o the r in anormal grip~botb your bodies should be curved slighllyforw ard a s ifa h ge.b a ll 'Were between yQU (F"g. 8 ) withyour bodie s cur ved round it..In a ,' your movements thatcircle muat b e . kept there, This also can be examined inmore detail as' deal with the throws 'individually~Taking 'u.p th e p os iti on shown. in Fig ~ B r a n d keepingthe w hole b ady in one solid unit move YOourleft hip~ckwards lowering your D'ody by bending your knees~lightl~ a t the sa me t im e t ' Yo 'I opponent should b e pulledl~ a CIrcu la r movement to hi s ri,ght front .eomer up ons t~he must not be pulled down. Now he. is offbaJ:tnce and open to almost any throw tohis right frQnt .It IS a usefu l. rp ~o keep your elbows eU up a nd out " om your I des In order t obtain a wider circular?vement a s sh e ni tb e iU st atioe, bu.t on no a ccountral_~ y~ur ,shoulders: 1!tis is vitally important for it isthe b a si c movemen t m J udo_ T ran sf er all the movements

L2S0N 0 3to e 0 er side a nd t y a ain unti t - result-is SDCCes t 1and smooth, No e that a smoot mo ent is far morenecessa ry tha n results at this stage and Cor some een-siderabi,o tim e yet . .A s you tower. your IpSand withdrawyour hip, theleft 0 eiyou are breakingyour oppcnent's balance tohis right front corner, liFthim with an u 'pward . move-ment of your wrists. Theforearm shou d fern in i n .the same position b ut thewris,ts, .pulse side upward, .. !'..L ld I:'rt ' I U - b t - l ( : . '


18/100

32 JUDOment a nd thus recover himself. All that s requ-ired. is tollriflg h is weight up on his toes or ~eels a s ~uired!If y01U imagine your opponent facIng. you ~W1th,a I1D8drawn, upwards through the centre of his body (FIg. 10)a nd a no th er drawn through his ,shouldersparal~el to thegr,ound yo u w ill see th at there a .e two 90 degree aDg eswhere they c ross 'Wheneve r yo'U attempt to break hisbalance you must lift him s o that the angle formedby the horizontal- line and the f iDe drawn through hisbody is Increased S,D that it is; however sJjghtly~ greaterthan a rig tangle (9 0 ldegrees)..This will b ring b ls wci&btto h is to es and make th e f in a l breaking of his ba lancecomparatively ltD,.Breakimg Your OppfJD8IIt~ Ba la lice to His FroDf 'The bas ic principles are th e same when you w ish tobreak your opponent1is b alance to hi s front Again take'u p the bas ic positioln and use the: norma l hold S'-bOWD inF ig. 8 : on page 28 . B end your k nees and ank les untillO ur knees are well over or in front o f you 'r toes; thisena bles you to lean your body well.bacbvard withou.t losing your b a la n ce ..

At the same time keep that ima:pnaryba l l between YOllby k eeping the .sa merelative 'positions .. T his is done bylift-ing him up with an upward and for-ward. movement of the wrist as you .lean back You will find that hecomes forward on his toes ready foryour throw (Fig~ 1 t) and ,Y,QQ will 'beamazed how far back you can leanfl...n V lithout Iosing your balance.

-eaking Y o ponent"s nee direct to His Rearm T ~ b n:ak,- ' ~ 1 J ~opponent~sb a ~ a.n ce~ th is direction youus Watt until h e throws his Wtlght baek Q -Cor e~amplo,

LBSSON 0 'B, 33~s ri- t eel, No ~ turn yo~r left ~and~holding hisright sleeve=-dowr In o he sid o r ISbody a nd slighdy to h is T ea rt this keepshim back on h is h ee l and prevents hi s L~"""'"recovering or stepping away from yo i,With your right hand, keep conta t wihis body against his chest or shoulde Icurving your arm. forward a nd down,forcing him down by turning yourright wrist downward (Fig, 12).It is essential that y,our right h a _ ddoes Dot s~p oyer his shoulder, this f l . . Iis especially easy to do if his jacket is loose, You mustk eep! conta ct on. his body, At the same time a s youthrust down wi.th your left hand a n d. c ur ve your righta;nt, curve your body forwa rd and step pa s his rightfoot with your ef t so tbat yo _r Ieft foot is a few nehesbehind his right N,ow he should be forced back 00his heels, his ' body doubled back to his rear, open toany type, ot throw in that dirlCtion~ All these detailsa r e shown in FiS. J2~

OJ

..


19/100

LESSON 2Jodo IThmw~enelal PrinciplesIn judo one should never use force, bl~t"' always giveway 'to stren,Iili-tb.is is thetrue ..the~. of Judo &D,d ' there son for its D am~ '~Th e G entle Art ..'"Imagine for a moment t~at. ' lsom~ne p~shes y~1J~Yournatural reaction is to' pu sh b ack and In this ease 'lthc;r y O l ureach a tiring deadlock or else the stronger man wins.T r y th is a nd see wha t b a pp en s, Perhapsall U : d s is obviousso try again" this time allowing your opponent to pushyou,b tinstead o f pushing back a s b efore. draw back yourleft hip and shoulder pull iu ,S h im. in th e same directiona s , he i s pushi ng . You will find that th e la ck . of oppositionmakes him lo se h is 'b a la nc e and lrith y,our pulJlto assist.himhe w i l l . fa n 'put Y011,. 'Repeat thls several times untllit b eeom es a sm ooth a nd effectiv e movement, Try again

OD th e other s,Ide-to' +your fight a nd w hen you ate finallysa ti sf ied , once more take up the basic position bOldingyour partner's jacket as in Fig. 8 on pa'ge ' 2 8 1 .Allow your opponent to attempt to pull you forward toyour front, Once mOI~ th e instinct is to, resist by pullingback ?ut don't waste. energy in this way-IDs tead go inthe direction in which he is alr,eady pulling you~,anda s YOll.. do SQ~ b reak his b alance to hi s r -e a r a s y 1 0 u havealready ~practised (Pigi 12)"and le t his ow n efforts, bringabout hi s dawDral t

e~have on~y co sidered twQ ~undamental ae.tions-the If.ccl pull forward and the direct push to the rear,bUs these, illustr te the whole heary 0 1 1 1 which judo isd-g,Ye. Wl to strength-and allow )low: OpponBDtto throw h J m s e l f l p ,34

L SON TW 35'fhis sums up . eor:y of ju _. ch i SI statedrather crudely, that you help you.r opponent to co ti I b .. - 1 : _ _ . n nneLD t e uua;;UoD.1D which be is pushing or pulling butrather .more r a ; : n , d 1 y than he wishes . . As a result be 'willlose cont~ol of his balance nd if you move yo bodyout of his vay, usually by means of a movement 0

fOUl hips, I~d. leave yo~ foot, Ie o r ' hip for h im tofall over." be will throw himselfflAs progr,Cls;, is made and more advanced techniques

~e a~em~ted ~tmay be found diffieul to decide ~actlym !lhichdirection your opponen t's e Jf ort is being applied.This problem can only be solved b y experience andconstant practice, This is a vital point to remember intbe 2'ft of throwing as, it is essential to make y~ur oppo-nent COIIltmUe. in th e d ire ction in w.hich he is alreadytravelling' and applyin.g force. W hether or not you takeyour opponent in the COITIect direction is the diE~reneebetween success a nd failur-e in I.throw, .A t : fi rs t it willeause yeu considerable discouragement because one thro'Ww ill succeed a nd a 'dozen ,apparently identical efforts willf a n " G ra du ally th e p ro po rtio n o f su cc ess es will Increase-.only because more and m ore you ,dow your opponentto throw him self.. 'U ntQ this ju dgment d ev elops you willikLd that you are 'using strength, first to stop the move-r he d dI /' h~ Dent 0 t - '. opponent III secoe y to ge t EmmOVlDIin the direction yo u desire, 'This obv ieus ly r equ ir es tw oac tions) , both requirin-: e ffo rt, when a D that is neeessaryis, o n e smoo th effo rtle ss a ctio n.,A s v ario us th rows a re ta ug ht, every effort w m b e :madeto show by means of the text and by d ia gr am s le xa ctlywhen l e a c h throw should be used and in . which"directiom ...It is esaentlal when t h row ing your partner or opponentto assist his fall otherwise injuries may occur inpractice,especially in the early days. Assume that you are aboutto make a throw to hi s right~ Drawing Ankle Throwf or e xamp le . A .s he begins to faD you . must letau of h is


20/100

JUDOjacket \VIth ylour light andso that he c n . breakfall,Hold on with your left hand&DId lift him up ~lighHy sothat he win fall on h is backwithout. 00much force. Asyo u support him with. yourleft ha nd b end your. knees,k ee pin g y ou r a bd om en w ellforward, (f ig ._ 13) . This willenable you to rna ~ntain yobalance and prevent your

IO~~~~'__"" J~'" falling on him. possibly cabfll" I] sing i nj ury ..A lso in th e caseof your not obtaining a c le an throw, you will6ndY lourse.If

in a stroD I position to continue with a Hold Down,Strangle Hold or A rm Lock, but I will go into thesepossibil it ies 1ater OD.e D raW in g Aaklo 11mlwIIInearly liD schools and . clubs th is tb row istbe firstto .taught and this is for man), re aso ns. F irst becausethe b ody movement is the basic. one required throllghoutjndo, requiring suppleness, timi:ng 8104 synchronisedelort of the whole h o d y . E Secondly it d emonstra te s th e~ o r ~ v m g ' w'ay and allowing Y.OiU[ opponent to tbr'ow? l m s elf. Lastly ~he t echnique is, compara t iv le ly simple-m ! he or.y -m a k in g it a good and effectiv e throw for.-ginners.~o S~p]if~ a U t he throw s descri.b ~ I thillk it best todivldethem Into pads as r o l l ow s : . . . . . . . , _(a ) Breaking an opponent's balance.(6 ) The & ttin moveme t fo r ' toe throw. an.(c ) T he a ctu al t~rowi~gaction.FInally there will be(d J A sum,mary o f th e ent ir e tb row~ T his w ill empbasisl5

ISO T 0, 31tha~ urues ite~ (0) (6 ) an (c a re com bined to onesD_lQodl and unIted movement the result must en d ,infailure and, even WOIse it will leave you 'open toa counter throw ,

Stand inthe fundi-enta lposition ..th e ormal hold onyour o pp on en t's ja c -ket. N ow step dla-gonally b a C k ~your right foot towartis your right backcomer (FJ!II 14) atthelame time drawingJOur opponent alongwith you r han~your

FJfE 14 l ef t h and pulling' himlalOng in exactly th e samearc a s that described by his right8tDL Your right a.rm also comes ro v . n d in the same a rc. Here

..... Ii I',"BpD1IIIagmeyouareCla.spmga huge b aD to your b ody with) 'I ou r a rms round it. As J01ls tep b a ck with yOlurrigbt footturD it as fa r to your leftas p~oss ib l eand takif t lJ yourweigbt with~iitkeep you r bal--DPlOI'Wm .t.., -t ' ! I I ' N ' Io i , t kn ( p . - 'Ii.W"'.....r tJ'iB: D~,JIi. . ea ....-lg.IS). Now tum to your ' lefton the baU of JOu r rilhtfoo,t bringing your left hlpweD ro u nd aDd lowering itsB.,btly. Ob viou sly th e 1m..:ther round y'01. l have turned Ff,. 15YOUE rid\t fa ot in th e previous movemel1t the Iurtherto thoJeft you will b e ab le to withdraw your left hip. Now ill,OU[ imagina.t1on k eep tho sam e hold OD that ball aDd


21/100

J DO.bring it round w ith yo\l. Tb~s you see h,a ~ while yourbody moves :1 8 a comp~~t unit te the~l e f t _ the, ,ar~s stayin th.e s ame te l a t iv e pIQSlt~,o,Do ' . n l y coming round becausethey a re a tta ched to your body"You will find t 'a t a s you step, b ack , your opponentust rise on to his toe s m o s in g his b ala nce to, his r i g h tfron. corner" H e ea n only r,eBam it by stepping forw,lrdw ith h is right f oo t . . T o p re ve nt Uns the sole 0 . your leftfoot should! b e pla ced a ga in st 'the front of iUs figJlt shin,a s low down a s possible" Al that i s r equ ired is a slightcontact which is maintained a 's y o u turn to y o u _ r leftby 'th e eircu a r pull of y ' o l u r arms, You r o pp on en t w" [tall ta l the mats a t YOUI le ft sid e, In th is m ovement ),'OU[rigll,t le a s ho uld , b e k ept b ent b ut 'the le ft le g straigh~tBssential Points z n t he Df,Q~vingAnkle T h , : r J W

(a ) Step b ack w ith your 'right foot to your rigbt backcorner, turning the foot a s fa r a s pOIsi'bl,c to your left.(b) Pull to your left in a circular movemcnt-do no tptill dOWR~ Obtain the pull by withdrawin,g your l e f t : . hipa nd not from you r a rms ..L ift h im s lightly w ith ymu t w ris ts,(e l P la ce the sole of your left foot lightly agmns ,t you ropponents ,right shin-just u 'sin,g s u f f i l c i , e ' D , t p re ssure toprevent him s,tepping, forward; Do DOt. use a'DJ pressurea s it is Impossible to 'withdraw you r I ~e fth ip if 10'11 a reforciog forward with th e leg.(d) Turn to y o u r left by mo .z , g your hlp ' b a e k - - - - ] o ' w e rth e .hip a s you turn by b ending your r ig ht k n ee .(e ) Rememb er th at a U these movements mus t comb ,iuein to One cont inuous smoothaetion.....-t'hey a re, not a . serieso separa te movements. Do no t b e nD sT ed b y the factthat they must b e described one. a .f t a n oth er .rea fa:E.Kh time you intend to p ra db le it ls essential that)'OU d evo te a few minutes to you r breakfalls, Comlm.eJl,~

LESSON TWO 39as soon as possible, DOW if you are reading this in asuHabJe place, and at once do twelve breakfalls to yourl ,e ft , twe lve tJ Q your right, a nd the s ame Dumber ofbackward falls, Become ,3 . little mo e ambitious andbcgi, to throw' yourself instead l O r just allowing yourselfto ro ll, .',e ve r forget=a fe w d oze n b re ak fa lls b efo re ea chpractice.Holding Down-General PriodpleaInjudo contests, there a re th re e re co gn is ed m eth od s o fobtaining a point The first is b y means of a c le a n th row ,th e second by means of a "Hold DOWDjU th e th ird byro,r,cing your opponent to submit with which I will deallater", Ifyo u are ab le 'to bold your opponent down on hisback so thet you a re i n . full control of one of h is lim b sand, can hold hi'm in ha t position fo r thirty seco dswithout him b eing a b e 1 .0 disturb you r hola, yo u g a i n . apoiD'~ in a contest, T he theory is th at, if you ca n holdhim ,da wn 'for h;alf a m in ute, Y ' O I U ca n do, S O l indefinitelY,and in lany' case he will u sua lly g iv e yo u openings forlocks or strangles a sh e stru ggle s.Theoretically, a hold consists of nothing more thancontrolling your opponent's body with the weight ofyour IIl)'WU,.. You mast be relaxed a nd , th e o nly effo rtnecessary i s . to tra nsfer YOiurbaJ,aoce from point topoint as he a ttemp ts to escape , Thus" however strenuouslyhe 'may struggle, you ca a hold h im powerless withpractically no-'etIo,rt~An important point to note is that,if correctly ,a.pplied a nd m ainta ined, these holds a reunb rea k ab le, b ut often it is possible to blutTthe personholding you down in to a n e rr or, In th at ca se" not only; isesea ~ -possible b ut () ,f ten ),ou can. reverse t he posi ti on .

The Scarf HoJd . ..DoWDIn d ea lin g with this hold a s wi'tb the. o th er mov es to'b e deserib~ later OB, I a m goinB t,o a ssum e that your,


22/100

40 1UDOoplponent . is ~Jr-eady'on his b ack and is prepared to allowy,ou. to apply it ,to bim..Later I will d emons tra te h ow tog ain th is p ositio n, in contest work or pra ctice b ut a tpraent it ~s e ss en ti a l t ha t you become fa.miliar with~th oJeneral Iife el" o f th e p ositio n.S it on the m a t close to y ou r o pp on en t's right sid~bly h is ribs, placing yourdgbt a rm under his neckwith your b aud on the ma t by your knee ( : P i , I t ;1,6). R ecline on your right'h ip b r ing ing ilp your right

knee close to his right ea r"''''\r-~~__, and placing your tight leg,from the knee, as .fa rfo:nv ard a s. p ossib le , 'T he ,left legis ." : h r u s . t back as'fa r as yo u poss.ibly ea n

F ir ' . 1 1 6 w ith c om fo lt--t'h e le g a ga io .belag thrown b ack from the knee. Now you a re lY in gin the form o f a tripod the , three le'g' ot w . h i c h a rc yourt w o . r~ and your rig ht h ip ,. Relax your body againsttha t of y~ur opponent, keeping you r w e i _ g h t on your hip,;d ho ld in ! h is right a rm ' \vitb yo,Ul own le ft a rm justlow ~ e lbow , d raw ing his a rm Ulfder yo 'ur own arm-pit,_and holdiD,~ it f irmly be tween your own a~, t h i J hand ab dom en, It is essen tia l to retain colntral of this a rmunder all circmnstaUices--as soon as he is ab le to free,

t,or d is tu rbyo 'Ut ' even balance, he w,iU es~pe witb.outdiJfieulty and inany case JOu r hold is o f f i c . i a l 1 y regarded- , b roken.._ P ra ctis e s lip 'p .ing~in to 'th is bold until you 'becomecompletely f a 'n il lia r with it, then aUow your' op'ponento struggle f ree himse lf . "Partner" is a better word th' D .41 ,pponentU a t this stage ,0. should b understood~~gb ,out wh~n metblods of practising are, described,

t If 'P ,ogress I S , to . be made .. th e full co-operation o rth Up' . 1 1 ' 1 1 1 ill 'L ..... .._ __ [8. w uog required, However, to continue,

SHON TWO 41'e~p y,our body ~mp eteIy. relaxed~this is not as easy'as,It sounds-until an effort is made 0 break the holciWhen 'this occurs, you must drop your weight whereverit may b e required to counter the ~attempt. Should )rOutopponent attempt to mov e rou d ID order to hook yourleft , leg~1the 'r ea r one- -- -wi th one of _ is legs, you mustm ove round -tow ards his hea d, a ]wa 'ys keeping yourright, knee in, the v icin ity o f his right ear and your fe,pwen a pa rt, a nd you'r bodies in the s ame r el at ive positionsas that :S.bOWD in the ill_ stratioe (Fig, ] 1 6 ) . .Remember that your body i s supported by .hat tripod=-the throe legs being' your right hip and your feet,Jbe m ore the legs of the"trlpod a re spread apart , tbefirmer th e balance and the more secure th e position.However, you must mot spr -ead your, iegs' further 'apartthan is com forta ble, a s to do this m ak es r ela xa tion andconsequently rapid action impossible, Simi1~Iy, t be nea te rth e legs com e to gether, (b e more un sta ble b ecom e-s yo urpO-s it ion.The ob ject of y , o u : c opponent when being held willalwrays be 16 make you bring your , leg~ too closeI I ! ! I ., t , o g e t b e r iI __ _Further details of the, hold will be described, tel- a swiD a fe w method s o f esca pin g from it, A r i D aull Leg : Locks-Gm.era l PrindpIes]fyou watchan e xp ert o n g ro un dwork in , action Y O r l J .will! come to the conclusion that judo has dozens, ofdifferent types of a rm leeks 1,0 b e studied; this conclusioni s pa r ti cu l a rly unders tandable if th e e xper t h a ppen s tobe practisin, on YOII yo":,,s,ell Fom:mateIy for thebeginner this, is not altogether true and there a re onlya few basic types of lock and these can be, d ev elo ped b yanyo'ne s uf fi ci en t y in te re ste d so that ~they may beapplied from almost anypositilon, especIally agamst an

opponcn t inferior in sk ill,!! ~ ... _ , , '" . .The situation with leg locks 18 very different In BntaUl


23/100

D _:__'J a re fo r id ' because of tb.- ~a rticul~ ~. ra illof th . k nee an the ankle tOI I D J U JY . . InJun8S to t eJ oin ts m a y ta k e a c on sid er ab le t ime ~~eal. and a . (bnna~edee can pennanently bar thevlctDD from all active~"'r'1-.,,~1 After all, judo is a sport and. we ~o Dot 'Wan t to ,. - u s e inj tLry to our opponents on the mat a nd for thisea so n ew ry e. oM :tis made to ban crude and danlerousholds and leeks. Similarly locks OD the vnist are out-l a e d .Unfortu n& te ly , Je g lo ck s a re aDowed in lDany Con-" en ta l countries and are. in any case" together with~s t locks I, :ost efrective m self~efeDre~- Ipropose,therefore, to mclud them m la ter lessons with a note

, "t they a r e for b idden by our. British judo ru le s wh ic h- - S : ow n a t the end of this book.. .-esc locks. are usually. divided into the (oUowinS_ O UP S,1 de - din - 0: thepartieularpart of the body_hic, Is b eia -. ,atta.eked:~

Arm uc],&.(Q ) The .E1bow~b) The Shoulder.c) The Wrist.(d) P ressu re on the'muscles 0 th e arm.

, t tacks on the elbow are ~y fa x the most popular,.followed bJ a tta ck s on the shoulder ..The fourth method.t of applying pressure to, or crusbingl" the muscles

Q t ~ ~ WlOOmmon an - very difficult to applyeffecti .~eIy._The ann locks are ap.plied. apinst an opponenteither,( V V hen your opponent . ' sa , is benb en -_ a is strai IAtta,c Ing a ~traight ann is fairly easy and a lock can. ways be app c d . . provided you have attained the skill,

Leg-1Acla.(a) The Knee.(b) The ABide.( I e ) Pressure OD the musclesorthel~

4311 he ver your' Dp 0 nt straight ann PIIn a n , a ttempt to pus yo u way. . you m.eet marexperienced opposin~ ) 'you. \ V i l 1 find a straight a rm iseldora offe.red so tha t . othe form of a tack ha 0 beevelo ..Remembe .t t Is Q 1 ss 'b e in a boo',of. this size to sho asic t .f l' . grea 1O.1-=-__of experience and study a requl ~d fc e yo _ acqth e sk ill .neeessa ry to tak e advantage of th e countlesso pportu nitie s which. a ns e in contests. -

It is . ",. that. all locks be eleased immediaD g D o r submission is ,gi en andthat ev a plied _"'I~.I.II. ..Jwlthout jerks and violence, If this e is not ob .~- ..p a i D f u J . if not serious a ccidents a re lik ely' to occur,SulImissionAS SOON AS A L, CK APPLIED GAINST YOUCOMJ4ENCES TO TAKE EFFEcr YOU ' STSUBMIT ..Many of the leek s and holds can be extre elydangero1lS a nd aU will cause pa in fu l in ju ri es .if taken.too -far IOU can also submit if you are being helddown and feel that you are ,a.ble to break . . L " -and that the sacrifice of energy required in a b -eto free )!IO uneU "is not . orth w b i l e . There is n o ~ a d v a . n t a _ ., Z eto be gained . i n exhausliog yourself ~~l~IY : n _practisebu-t it is up to y ou . tO I make your own decwo~ m c:ontests-Injudo, th e sign o f submiss ion is to tap twice ~th yOUIhand or foot Ion YOlm opponen s b ody, on the ma t oron your own body. 1ft as occasionally happens. r ou ~unable to sicnal in this ?tl1Y, yot1sh~u1d .shout. T H El\{AIN OBJECT IS TO MAKE YOUR SUBWSSIONCLEAR. TO YOUR OPPO.NENT WITH~UT DELA! ;&. it IS=alw~y~possible to ~ certain wh~Jf,opponent IS submitting or strugglin to ~ t

it is e ss en tia l w h en applying a lock to m~_ .thop re ss ure slowly a nd steadilY a nd w atch for a subxmWOD.


24/100

J'DOAt a D times It is tier to re lea se th ,a lock Wld~r them i s - fa k o D i m p r e s s i O I D t h a t ' Y o u r oppOD,ent b a s sipan,ed,his surrender tha n to cootinue and cause an injury~ Incontests, sbould yo u meet an QPponent ~bo is s,tubbornBDd. ~Iuses to s,u bmJt, it is the duty of th e um pire toorder you to release th e h o'ld B u , d immed ia tely aw ardyou I,p D i a e inocder to avoid ia jury6 -n e Straipt AIID Loa:Throw your opppnent with a~Drawing AnIde Tht~I~IOthat he f a U s It . rour left side and,.~ you were ta ugh tIIIthe lesson Dlltbis tllrow on pasa 36. reta1niq the hoI"

FlL 17on ~s rl~~ sleeve wi~ your left 'hand and holding hisann up smugbt~. that h is ~Ih~~oultler is l i fted slightlyoft"the sr~un~(~JB.13).T h i s " ! l l ' " must. ~ retained untilt'!e lock u eomple ted ..Now ~g your right foot"against=::~t~elow h is arm-Pl~and s it doWll slowly and~ ,Y ~nst your own nght heel, A s 'you do sobting your left foot round hill bead until ". ...c I 8 c e'Y o U . [ o ,, :u . ts t re t cb . ed ,, " "left J , e , g a e r o ' ~e 1..~,- I ~ L ~ Y O U " ( F C 8 ! " P , _ " : 'Y A '," ~ , ,~ .wI U u : J o a t " Ig. ]7)., oua nu.your opponent should now be 1 ' I i . . , . th '" ~-" .. .. .o f a , ette r 'T' exr~t t .. . .. _. " . ymg In --. .e I.! 'rmtowards his. h . '-r.~'~~.your c : ' l Y D bod" must be Inclined

don. ead (Flg.18~.This 1!~1es you to draw IU s- UtOSl your right gt'(d& U JOur body is at

ESSO T. 45right angl 3 , to his" his am win be dra wn dow n b '1,- wlth "b e w eenyour egs WI . possi , ly painful Consequences to yo J fK " ]. " urse.eepmg us a rm drawn out.. to its full extent, puH ittow ards you and across your ( ' 1 g b I ro in sq ue ezing his

'1Pl1e.r,arm ha rd b etW een yo ur th ig hs to prevent ifr ,l?'eing treed. AU tha t is then required is sufficient pressurefrom your right hand to hold his arm down and fin,allythe lock is applied by l if ti ng ) "our h ip s f rom the ground,Your opponent should b e forced to submit immediately.At all times when applying this lock , and also mosto th ers, tP 8 thumb of your opponent's ha nd m ust be kep tu pw ards in order tha t the luck is applied against theelbow joint .. In other words pressure against the thumb'i s a ce rta in indication that you are i"pplying t he p re ssur eco rre ctly _galnst the elb ow .. S hould be be able to bend.his a rm with your pressure Y 9 U will obtain n o resu ltsfo r your efforts"Do not pull hisarm down-puU it finn1y towards youand apply the pressure to his elbow 'b y IilUng your hips,K eep finn pressure on his upper a rm with YO'Uf thighs ..Th i, s makes I t- im possib le for him to ro ll o ut of y ou r J oo k,_You must sit as close to your opponent's body aspossib le . f this is not diane he will b e able to b ra ce h ise1 b o'w a ga i n sf you rthigb . Relax the lock ImmediatelyOil s u b m . is s i o D . ! I


25/100

C HA PT ER IVLESSON 3

eMoating Hip Tbro .~ f' .1.. t ul ..s.; l b ' . Ii, "....I,~ TThis IS one 0, we mos pop' a r tmows ' j uco. . ,0. pl ia~Dce , f a ce your opponent il l t 'he normal way but atthe moment do not hold hi s jacket. Step forward withyour right foot placiDg it in fro " t of the ! " i g b " ! toot o fyou r opponen t bit D not transfer your balance to thatright foot Althou,gb yo u w ill h av e to take your left footo ff t he ' p -ound and therefore, p la ce 'yo ur weight OD , yourri~ t, yo u 'm ust k eep your b ala nce over your left b ipNow, , 5 0 0 keeping your balance over your 'left hip) tumQ the, ball of your rizht foot and bring your left foot

riiA c'_,.119

.~de,olu" r igh t, k e ep ing your' feet. about a foot apart.au should .now have ,our back directlY' towards youroppon~t W l t b . your feet just in front O l! and withins (Fig. 19). "Jry this as any t im e s , ~ is required to make th~movement mooth and. perfectly bala:nced~ On DO accouo

4ti :

ON H. B 47barry-- hen s atis fi i. ca n do it met ntly, practiseit a D w dozen times. mer ,Once more face hiw and this time take hlsjacket in theDonna! hold. Again step in with you right foot, turningit to , 0 left a s you do so-1his enables your bod toma e e t - withou losing yo r a co. A t' sa etime " ~bim! with a ri t ovement, '0 begin to tumto tbe left and a s you do so ~relea s your opponent'slapel with yOW' right hand and a .llow your a rm to slide

round his b ody ..Also, as you. urn, pull him to his rightin .a circular movement with your left hand, . tpun him .OWII~ pun. him round your body; . willlift him up tOI his: right f ron t corne r ,eady fo r yo throw,It is essential that your opponent's balance be brokento, h is fron t, his righ t front. In order to ensure th is) yomust Iow er y10ur hips~ a s yo ~ move yo r right foot ill,using your wrists to m ove your opponent on to his toes . .Mak t i certain that as you withdraw your left hip, t ..your body to your leff, your right hand and a rmpush in exacfly th e 'same direction as the pull exertedby yom left arm, This applies eyen when yon ha ve yourrigbt a rm r-ou nd , yo ~- 'opponent J1s body.This time when you have eom-~pleted your tum. you should oncemore ha ve your b l a ck to your oppon ...ent, 'your feet just inside h is a nd yourright a rm . round! his body holding ,him a s clo se ' to yo o~ body asp ossib le" You r k ne es should be w e Ubent, not orily to a ss is t y ou r bal...ance, but also to drop your hipsbelow his=-an essential point. Atthis stage lean an ,your weight o ve r ....~~w_ ....~.,to your left. This causes your oppo- Fi&. ,_~ ..Dent to come right up on his toes so that you can throw

him at wijl (Fig. 20). All that is necessary to complete


26/100

48 JUDOthe tbrow is to draw back your. ef t hip and he will faUto the mats in froot of youEsre } ll ia l Po i,Us , i n . tAe' Floating H lp Th row

(a ) S t e p l inwi h your ri.lht Coot-t~~ knee well bent-but Do t transferring your balance to It and . . the sametim,e lifting with YOle wrists, Just s lid e th e leg in fromthe hip'~ do 'Dot move the, hip ' it se lf in as , wen. Tum yourrig bt fo at as far to your lett a s possib le.(D ) As you begin to turn to your I,eft on the b ait ofyour rigll Ieot, aUow your i~bt arm to slide round hisbody ..You must DOt a ttempt to force it intlo~p olitio n a sto do 5 :0 will destroy th e smoo thne ss of the m,ovementand, 'by thus fOlrmiog a gap between h is 'blody and yours.will make th e intended tbrow a failure,

(c).When the. turn, is completed your feet should b eJust. tn front o f those of y:our oppoaeat and slightlyinside them.(d) Hold yo'ur opponent close. to your body withy ,o , u r r i i { h t a m t . . . . . . . . - c l o s e contact m u s t be m a i n ta i n ed .Note .thl~ it is dangerous to your wrist and fingerso hold big belt, a .tho~gb this is yery c ommonly d on e.(e ) From this, p osition transfer a ll your w eight a nd b al- rance over your lefl blp ino rder to ,d.esttoy his balueefin._aUy..(J) Throw him by witbdrawina your left hip to yourleft~D DOt attempt to lift y ou r o pp on em ill this throw.

Note"III practice. or contests, it is ' U s u a l i l y 'better' ,and eertalnly~ves ~ll ex tr a movlc .menti f, instead of' moving in your.. foot as the p relim in ary mov emea r o f the throw,f:~~ove Y0 l l : ' Jeft hip .back a 01l~ pa~!lin.gyour leftb.. aek behind yo.ur right and placing it- on the matsIe, but some D10e iaches away from. ,YUUI right,

L SON T BE 9Thi~ is 0 T y . possible if you ~ave fro your h i p rem embering that if you move he hlp the leg. Dl ,USt follow, buttbe reverse does not app~y.The 'Fignre 4' Loek 0 the Bent'This is the basic lock used when yo r opponent's armis bent ,a t th e elbow and t akes i.s name from the positionof the a rms when it is applied, It can be a ppU ed frommany positions, 'but at this stage only the standard lock

will b e described. You will b e able to discover some ofthe v aria tions b y c:a reful experim en on your 0 n,~ ~The opportumty occurs when yo opponent lies ODhis back on the matsand you ,1[iC able to lieacross hi s ch est (F ig , 2 1).Your bod.y must b eco!mpletely relaxed with ~ ,...---your hips on the mats,It is essential that yourepponent's body be keptu nd er' y ou r c on tr ol, a sif ' you fail to do thishe will probably be _able to throw you ofr RI~IIar at least escape, 'Take h is left wrist with your lefthand and push his arm so that it ties. f l a t o~ the matbent a t tbe elbow at an angle either s,ightly greater orsmaller than a rigb t a ngle" I consider slightly less, asillustrat,ed in Fig. 21, is better but there is often nochoice in contests, Bring yo urright arm. under his leftshoulder and, grasp you r own left wrist, Kee p y ou r w eig ht a C T ' O S S his c h e s t to control his bodyand lift your right arm forcing his shoulder upwards,The rest of his ann must be kept Oat on the mat. Do notlift up his e(bow~oncentra'te on his shoulder. aTo aD . experienced ma n it will oft-en b e suffiCIent to


27/100

S O JUDO" ... ..4' I the lock th a sU:~~tcloc~~se turn ~ofyo~ rl,ht-P.pY d ,'t'.ot'earm the lift obtained by this turu beingwnst an J lI. , '~Thi neth .d . ~cnough to obtain a s,.ubmlsslODr .1me, 0 requiresa great deal of pta .ctlC~-. .. . . . ..T h i s : is an extremely dift icult lock . t o ' lea rn a nd may b ebetter left unti l you have done more JU~o sh~uld.y~u fiD~ourself unsuccessful. D o not be dl~slcouIaged ..if his- !pp lies to you as it is common even III clubs WIth first

1 ~ ~class pers on a _tUlt10D~E s s en t la lP o i'n IS in th e 'Fig,ure 4' A rm L oc k(a ) Control your O P P O D ' c ' n t ' , s b o O d y by relaxing yourown. .(6 ) Bring your ri.g h~a ~ n~~er h is sh ou ld er' and. obta.in.the lock by lifting h is shoulder (lot elb ow ~.. (c ) Control hi s a rm se tha t the angle at ,hIS elbowIs either grea ter or less tha n a right angle,

G d ) In pra ctice a pply the lock gently and s,teadilyandII! ee l ' " 1 b ~ ..,r e e -a s e It I m m _ late y o n SU 'm J s s w n .In p rae tice make S11fe that ylom opponent's right handis free to ,a llow' h im to submit,J do Tbrow~Geuer.1l Princi'ples-2So fa r I have described an ankle t M , o W and (l hlpth row" Both these a re u sua lly made against an opponentwho is te,nding to push against yOI' lJ and th e ma ximumeffect is o~btaiDedby taking hlm in the direction of hi so 'e~ortl H attacked or p,articularly in judo contestsyou will mee t th e m an who keeps you a t a d is ta nc e w ilhstrai~ht s~arms. This ~auses great difficulty and will.~em,a[n~ difficulty to you fo r a very lo ng time , S tiff ne ssIS ~pet1aUy c~mmon ~~ strong, heavy begin -ers whosee ,ef"concern IS 10 ,l.Voidbeiog thrown, This i:s La des..tr ct ve a~d Dot a . pl'ogr.essive habit and's hus verybad , dela)'mg tcir o w n progress considerably.As a ma tter of fact it is impossible to make a throW

5 1from this defensive position because to do so you haveto have yo ur apponent at least fairly close to yo .Obviously you cannot do this if you yourself are ho~dinghim well away from you in this form of de fen ce .. E venif you. do relax your a rms to attac is only gives aw arning w hich results in counter. It is th eusto Injudo fo[, the instructor t~ use on h 0s pupil only bethrows, locks 0,[ holds which have already been taughtAs a result he is often in the position of no t being -b leto throw his pupil if this form of defence is adoptedDo no t Ie this deceive you ecause 'you re often op nto s ome very severe throws which 0 your sake yourinstructor will not use, The time will comic when yourp ro gre ss ce ase s a n,d you are o~ertakea i~ skill a~d gradeby much lighter and smaller Judoka WIth possibly lessthan your experience. These judoka now reap thebenefit of heir lack of size and strength which has"or,ood them 10 adopt skiD from the first, If you are s~aU)le t th is enecarage you as you will b e ~dere~ted timea fter tim e in the ea rly stages by less staful but merepowerful opponents" . _How is the problem of th is type of opponent to besolved? The first st,ep to be taken is to make ~the twobodies, your own and, that of your op~onen~~~Into o~esolid uni.t~ This is achieved b 1 y keeping hIS arms Inp ositio n .in c lo se c on ta ct with yo~ b o dy , u su ally ~byanupward or inward ' tum of your lYI1Sts,. ?W step diai?n-ally backwards with your right foot a s 10 th e ~DrawingAnkle Throw (Fig, 14, on page 3!)t keepIng. y ? U C. - _ ! l i t U th - t i m - - oQ and turnmgweight and balance over I~a .e . ~J ." .- . 'it as far to your left a s pos sib l e, . A s , yO~' do SO~.if you

maintain contact, your oppo?ent" wl l~ r is e" Din hi~ to~sto his right ront corner, At this POIot, if_~eIS held 10 thisoli balance position. he is easy to _thro,,: (FIg ..9 o n p ag e 31). ., JIi th d f ..,'I:... turbins ~ = s balance toAn alternative mea I 0 ua I, . u~ J . L L .hi .,- . II< t b- " ," ,1 . . . Wlth you r lefE foot,I nght front comer ss 0 S'k'eP' ilINA - .J-3


28/100

~ JUDOtakIng it b e hind JOur ~ght and placing it outs de and tothe l e f t o r his J 'eft foot I ,D tha t your lett to es P o.in t in th esame direction .a s those of , y o u r oppceent .. Y ouw ill seew h e r e you r f e e ' ! shouid b e if you look . a t F ~g . 2 2 w h j c hI llus tr a tes the Body Drop Throw" this being a throwrequiring this m ethod of brea~,g your Oppo'DebeSb ala nce, O nce more k eep your w , e l S h t and b a a nce everyour left hip as you move your len , l e g and k eep the hiptra v,e.lIing in a circular movement to your left. 'Yourarms must also move in this circular m o v e , m e l l t- - -. .. n o tdownwards, 1 this position, no w eigh't whatsoevershou~ d b e Of t your right foot once yOUl left fo 'o t h asbeen rep la ce d o n l b . e . mats,n,Q Bo dy Drop 'ThrowA very useful throw, the Bo~yDrop owes its popul~o the fa ct th at with oo1y ,sligh,t mod lfic atio n -it ca n be.ed .against an opponent who Is travellinl in any

dD'eCtiO'D except b ack wards. A lso it combines veryefieetively with s ev era l o th er th rows and can b e. used as acounter, Prcbab y it s greatest value is its effectivenessaga inst opponen ts holding you strongly a t a rm s" lengtb ,~.defence which makes the Use of throws: l ' C q u i r i . n g closec on ta ct v ery d iffic ult,. if not impos sib le '.

LIS,IO TOR SThe opportunity 0 attempt this b row a rises wben1 0 ur o pp .~ nen t. ho~ds. y o u . . with s ti ff ' a rms and SL~PSforw,ard Wi th his nght foot. -As he does so , draw h i mCOf\Vard with your 1eft arm, causing him to ove rs _.desllBhtlyaDd th us p la c e h is .weigh too fa r fonv~d over hisright fool. At the same tim e. ~ you draw ~m !orw~ d,'b ring your left foot round b eb ind yo ] crossing 1t behindyour ,right f .o ot a nd p la cin g it b eside a nd outside his ~eftfoot (Fill 22 sh ow s th e movements lo r you r feet) , lowering

your h ip b y b en~n8 your le~tk nee ~ yo u do SO~Y ~u mustalso lift l b i m With yO I 1 J ~ r 'Wr ISts, . . Bring your leF t hip aekwith. your leg. a t the same nm e turning your b~y com-plete~y to the left and transferring ~your weight andb ala nce '8 b 1o lu td y to your left leg. Shift your nght footsUIJttly' if necessary so that it co ntacts h is righ:t shin n,ghtly (Fig. 23), thusp re ven tin g h im a dv ,a n~ g any rurth~rte reta in his b ala nce, A s you tu rn y~ull1us,t ta k e yo ur opponent with y'Otl byaeireular movemen t o f you r a rms , DoDot ' pull him. doWD~ take him ro-:mdyour boay , th e a c tua l t hr owing acneabeiQ,g the dropping or lowe~inlo_~y~urlen h i p a s you tu rn . C o ntin ue t t u 1 I i D guntU he actually fall 5 1 to the mats, J' "_I ii 1 . .L. t y o ' u brin "g y'our nl~2lt IS essenti 31 , u~a,: ,.'" " ~ _ ,_ ."' "" "" t's left,left hip and leg well back ,an~otltslde_y~~r_ o~Qn~~, i', ",;.L. ." - y " o ' 'u r oWD ody will be mroot as you tum or o,:ue~f:. ' .th e way and.prevent hIM .fall ing.C'... ",.. 1 P ' , 4, t i I '~- B ~ n ..J 'tJl D "ron T n ' r o w.&:1Sen.IItl "fJlnts lIZ rit!" 1 I . ! '1 U j , " r: .., .

( " ). "D", " ", l - r : , . foot b , ae.k un t l . ~ l it, is o,utslde--~n d~. .D,nngyour .c L 1~" " !, . au do so bringbes de-y-- ,our opponent s left foot. As Y.. .'. k hi,." ."' . -,.". ith "' t Lower your hip. Brea syour I'eft hlp b~~ WI. I~",,~.,.. "wa rd tum of 'yourbalance fo rw a rd lly mea ns of a sJ.igbt upwristsc


29/100

5 lDDO(b ) As y o ' 1 , l move you r :left hip b a ck b ring ~ rOUndwith yo u by m ea ns of a c~cub u;p~U and pushing mo:~e.m ent of the arms~pul1 WI~ the lefthaQ,d and .pus~ witht he r ight. The p l U s b must ~lrectly follow the ?lre~ti,?n oftbepull, it must Do t push him b ack wa rd . ~a gm ~ hat yo .ire a ttem pting to punch yo u OPPO~CDt~1J.tha 11gb I hooka im ed a t his ja w b ut k eep conta ct Wlth h is body b y m ea nso f your hold on h is j ac ke t a n th e t~mei(c) . Y ou .m u st b end th\e,left k . ? e 8 ,m o lde r to low~r yourleft" bip,. t h ! s placing y { n l f hips b elow those of y o u r .opponent, Tha is to say your bips must be loweredbelow YOUI_ opponent's point of balance.(d ) You r rig ht foot must cont~t_ your ~pp?Dent'l ril~t'I,m firm ly a nd firm co nta ct mu s t, b e maintained here Ino rd er t,o prevent him stepping over 'Your foot and leg andthus esca ping th e th row" Y ou should press back with t h e "back o f your leg a t the achilles, - teadon,(e ) Finally throw him~to the mats by continuing theturning movement to the left w ith yo ur left b i p a

LE'SON 4Strangle ail Cho~e Locks-Ge nlblclples 1

A s , in the case of ann lock s if you wa tc h ajudo Dpert inaction yo u will s ee wha t appears to b e a coun tless num berof submissions obtained by means of tta ck s on th neckand throat In a ctu al p ra ctice, th ere a e on1y two basiclocks and all the others are variations of them, t is onlyt hese .v a r ja tions whicb enablethe lo cks to be a ppl ie d fr omwha.t looks like any position.The more simple of the two is merely an ordinarychoke caused b y p ressu re o n th e front o f th e throat ..This isvery le a sy in theory but not popular a~oDgst experien~judo m en b eea use it is no't only crude b ut "also very d i f f i . . .cult to a pp ly a ga inst a nyon e except a novice, ,T h e second lock ca lls fOI: more s cie nc e and sto ps ~ '.flow 'o f blood to the brain by pressure OD the ea renarteries a t th e side of tho neck. As in th e cas e of a rm locks,these stntngle holds, caD be extremely da ngerous a nd th esisPat~of su bm issio n must be instantly a~knowledged byreleasing the g rip , Ap .p lie d correctly, thIS type of l~kwill r e n 1 d e r a v ic tim+uncDDSCious in about~ve seconds andca n do s-ow ithout the infliction of any pllD.The NBll:ed Striulg]eAs the nam e im plies ~ l~k ca n b e a.pp1ied~~~Baked opponent as no use ISm~de o r the J a cke t. The l,~

if! ,,'L': leek ts wb en you find yOUl'Seaocca~uonto attempt u.uS ,oc 1 . ,. .. .. , . ourheeling behind y o u r oppon~l:. Immediatel~.Pi::';'ustleft arm rou~,dhis Deck ~4 gnp YOUfbO: ~p~ bybdowthe elbow, Ycur left elbow s0$5


30/100

u5 (b) As you move your" eft hip hack brin I?m r O U n dwith you by means of a c~rclllarp~111 a nd push ing , m l q v ,e ~mcnt of tbe arms-pull Wll~l the left hand. Ind"pus~ witbthe right. The push must ~Irectry follow the ..~[,CCijl?'n o tthe pull it m ' s t not usl hi' b a . ckw.-ard. Im-. in that y o uJ 11 1 .1 , a re a ttcmpun to punch you 0 ponent 'Vlul a fit t hookarmed at his j ; R W but keep con tac t with his body by mean'sof YOUT b old on ,his ja ck et a ll the ~me.(c).Y ou m ust b end theleft knee-In order to lower yourleff hip, thus placing your hips below t lose of your.opponent That is to s y yo _ hips must be loweredbelow your. opponent's point of balance.(d ) Your ri,ght f oo t mus t contact your opponent's l.iglltshin firmly and firm conta ct m ust. be maintained bere iaorder to prevent h im s tepp ing over YOUI foot and leg andus escaping the t h row . .You should press bac with th o'back o f your leg at the achil es -tendon,(e ) Fina lly throw him to the mats by continuing th eturning movement to the left with y our left h ip .

L SSON 4Strangle and C'lio__e Lotks-General Prin~iples-ASIin the. ease of arm lock s ifyolll w , a . te n I.judo expert I n

action yo u wiJl see wha t a pp ea rs to be a coun tl es s numberof submissions, obtained b 1 y mea ns of a t tacks on th e neck,RD,d throat, In ac ual pr e ti ee , t he re re only two basiclocks and at the othe s a re variatiens of them, It ls oo lythese va r is tiens w ' l t t i , c b_ ena ble 1 the locks to b e a pp lied fromwha t look s lik e a . D Y position.The more simple of the two, is mere.ly an ordinaryehokeCILusc,d b, y pressure OD the front o f th e th re at, This isvery easy in theory but DOlt popular ,amoDgst e lper ieD~- _.iudo men b eca use it is not only c ru de b u t ~a ls o very dim-cult tO I ,apply aga.in;st anyooe except '~ novice, _The second lock calls f o r more s c r e n c e and stops tJ:teow 'of blood to t - tJ brain by pressure OD e carotidArteries at the side of the neck ; A s i th case of arm locks,these strangle ho ld s ca n be extremely dangerous and th .s il1 la l .o f submission must b e insta ntly ~k now ledged b yreleasing the g r i P 4 h Applied, correctly, tblstype of JockwiU rende r . v ic tim ilconscious "0 . bout five seconds andea do so withou" infliction of any pain.The Naked. StraDgleA th Ii th i )~k ca n '1 . . . . . a pp li ed ag a in st as e name Imp es s ioc . ~- .~.'_ h ~d 1naked opponent a s no use is made of the jacke t . Tel ~occ asLioD to a t temp t this lock is when ~ou fin yoursekne li.ng behind your opponen.t. ImmedJatel~ :~ac. y ~ ; :

left. a rm round his neck and gnp YOUI ' o~ ~ t : : J bybelow the elbow. Your left dbow show P' 5


31/100

56 lUDO,our opponenfs left shoul.de r with,Your right handprasiQg aga inst the b aek o.f'hls. bead . ~Ig. 24 s~ouldmaketbis POSWOD, ,which s o 'W ] d sra (her complica ted, quiteclear). Apply t, e lock byusins your a rms lie a pa ir ofs c i s s o r s , PuU b ack wi~ y o u rl e : f t ~ . and push~th e' t lo p

O f h is held forward "with~yourr ight hand. Ifth e ! b ck isapp,6ed o o t t e C t l y with, thsharp inside of the left fere-ann-that, par t ext e D d i n g ;a b ou t th re e in ch es a b ov e t'heR g .. 1 14 wrist j o i n t - - - - a n almost iD.~stantaneous submissioa will b e obtaiJled~

t s se~ t iQ l,Polnt l I n t . h e YOked Str~,le Ho l d(Ia) Your opponent's balance must b e : broken to hisrea r: P la ce yo~ leCta .rm round hi s D o o l e and pull h im~c~rds. Tbir ca n becarried ou t more ea sily b y pusbingh im lD ~ smal l o ! th e ~a.ck with your free righ t h an d,When h i s , posture ' i i i i l : ! i b ro k - :. I.... "L~-..... III ",'ft.! ..., Ii !to .. .~_ .: ~Wi ~ ,~,~ . .. ~ xeep - U J J m m wet pOS\ltl.ODwhi ls t you ~Iace YQur nght hand behind his hea d and~::. your nght elbow "with you r left hand to apply th e(b) U se the sh arp 'bon,ey~'ed r " 1 f i : -" aga inst his throat d - .. .ge.o your .e t forea.m1push fo rwa rd ~ than . puU~ , .b ac~With y IQ . \ ~ .Ieft a rm and- W1 y o u r D D 1 J , . .t b a TId i I ! l I i " . t "L,:i"Ii h~..Athu.s yOW' a -".. ". 0:' . u-'.agams, ~ eaU.~n us a t,c acting lik e .~ r ..!t. _~ hclose on m s neck . . . a pa r 0 ,sassors whiC. . 'nld A. . 8'1'1. rD I . ' L a C . nom an J.-tri~, p' ." ~ .tU ue sltlou

.1 S is another method of' .','.. an Opponent"who atte c- . a.P~tytngao arm loc~ agaJll.st8.IDl . ' lhc lock is used : I l ts to pu~h JO~ away WIth a stLff'hen you SIt astride yo- opponent

LB au 5 1with )'ourweig~t rest~~g O .D you~heels asshownin ig.28on page 62" Thl~positron lS vry co~mon injudo ground-" , : o r k , . No doubt ..f~om. here ),Oll : v i J I attempt. to strangle,~ loto sub~Sl.on and he m defence may pushag a lo st_ you r face.. chest or shoulders, At onee. ashis wrist vef!_ ~!~ an 'puU bi.s arm out stra igh ~exacUy the direct ion in winch be L S-pu5bing~As you. stra ighten his arm,sUde your foot forw,ard until theleg is th rus t 'straight out besidehi s body and push his a rm downa cross your k nee or thigh (Fig, 25)~The exact P O - S i t i o B depends onyou r Q 'WD persona l com fort, b ea ring ~ ~.in JlliI;Id that you must m allota 'in R,.15y~.ba1aDce. The thumb of his ba d must be keptupP ermost a s usua l, the pressure being appl led againsh is thumb to ensure that it is b rought to bea r agains t hi se lbow jo in t c or re ctly .Essen~ IQ lPo,ints in flpplyin,g Q Straight km Lock 1 1 ' 0 1 1 1 th e

As,tride Position(a) G ra sp the wrist o r the a rm w ith which you ar .being pushed and" pullb is a rm straight keeping it 50. Attile s ame time yo u must(b) Slide your leg rorwa rd and pull his arm downacross ilt. Use your right l eg to a tt ack h is left arm and yourleft. to attack his fightLater you will find that you will be able to b luff a no pp on en t in to pushing yol.1 away in tbi~ manner byvarious means such as attemptin, to obtaiD a straoglehold. .The Skoulde ThrowThis is a spectacular and rather dangerouS t h roww h 1 e h requires care, especWb' a t f irst. before y01l have


32/100


33/100

t is sia l t h t t l' , J ,I, 0 ao pra .~t lce" .d ' ' the 'xact direc~ion in which you' opp -,s co n t 1n Uc Ln ' . .. I ru OJ. I [ a rm is pO lnlJ,ng and usmng,D e n ls ng 1 ' ~. . r. . d d ' ',",) S ilk _~.ping 'OIJ 0 ,y U e l.orw~r.r1, mam,,(. tI e pi n h i ri 1 '1 a II U 'h you h ,,' bac wardi~~~ ,~ "sh ul B driv I, oft 1 tat ith, ut

t .pth b 'in' required on your part ,ush your IpSany S I reno ' - . 'Ii c m l ll o hinl l -do n o t 11ft1 1 1 m up , .. ..() Fin ly justOick him orT ~ou h~psby p~ lhng your1 f t ,~ b ack , - ','1 then tIm 0 he In S III fron ofyou~(f J Tak e ca r ' to check hin a b,t fans w . i b ~,our owbody upright and hips th rust forward .. ~hu; will ensurth t nduly h d k nock s or f a U s a re a void ed ,

- - . CroYo have already pra ctised tile N ak d Stra .g1 how tostrangle your op ponent w ithout tile us of his jack, t, The

Normal era's D I d . ak advant - r t clotl i n , ~The op or un l y _tis w en yo 0 ,0 nt .. ISack 0, tb mats wi b ou astri d .m. Slid y r ihtha nd, pa lm upw ards,~ under his righ colla r a s d p dowa s tnlssible NO'W b ing your left b and also palm upwardacross and nder his eli collar 11 alsQ a deep youble, .'.,our fingers shoul a e iasi e his coli r, b c .1lof I,.e ands against his skin and 0' thumbs :u. jacket (see Fig. 21)~ ,. e sharp"cutting edge" lo f th e inside ofyour wrists-s-the same side a syo r thumb~m'ust be app iedto his eek a s deep possible(Fig 2 8 ) . i Next press your wristsinw'ards so as to obtaia firmbut not undue pressu e again stthe si; e of his neck. Finally,sUd.. your ' ands towards y.ou fi ' 17maint,'ning the press re aga inst b ls neck const n' y.Any relaxation of this p ressu re w ill ill a lmost II casesmean that you will fail to 0btain su cc~sf u J . resul ts ,cs;pcciU yaga inst h rdened exponen o! J U ~ O i Or aSOD this ressure must be rnaintame s -yous C ,0 r hands forward is hat th i ic "on", 0 S ~muscles n orma lly p rl? lceting th e c_ aro tid . art t hl~hca rry he Dow of b lood te th e b ra in , It IS these arte,rIesWhich yo u are DOW about to at

Documents

E.Dominy.JUDO