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33

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Nations

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35

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37

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47

.

1980 1990

1980

4

4

1. (behaviorism)

2. (cognitive con-

structivism)

3. (social con-

structivism)

4. (critical theory)

.

(information processing theory)

20 1970

1980

(programmed instruction)

48

(frames)

(feedback)

(teaching machine) BF Skinner

Skinner

1.

2.

3.

1970

1)

2)

3)

4)

5)

1972 2 - 3

1975

Word Gallery

(integrated

learning systems = ILS)

(Maddux & Willis. 1993)

1.

2.

3.

4

(ILS)

49

(software and hardware)

(Shore & Johnson. 1992)

1.

2.

3.

1.

2.

3.

4.

3

.

1980

(constructivism)

(linear instruction) 1980

(nonlinear instruction)

The

Jasper Woodbury Series

(simulation

of real situation)

Jerome Bruner, Jean Piaget

Lev Vygotsky 2

(cognitive construc-

tivism)

(epistemology) Piaget

(assimulation)

(accommodation)

Seymour

Papert (1993)

(clean

teaching)

(dirty teaching)

50

(clean

learning)

(dirty learning)

(wholistic and integrative)

Pepert

(steps)

Copley (1992)

(didactic)

8 (Jonassen. 1994)

1.

2.

3.

(Knowledge

Reproduction)

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

8

51

.

Lev

Vygotsky Piaget

Piaget

(discovery learning)

Lev Vygotsky

Piaget

Vygotsky

Vygotsky

Jasper Woodbury

programs

(Zone of prox imal

development)

3

Vygotsky

(situated

learning)

Seely, Brown Collins Duguid (1989)

(cognitive

apprenticeship)

(coaching)

3.

52

4.

.

1923

Frankfurt School

Harkheimer

Traditional and Critical Theory 1937

School of critical theory

(radical social theory)

.

4

53

2

Piaget

Lev Vygotsky

4

(inert learning)

(situated learning)

(problembased

learning) (anchored

instruction) (cognitive

apprenticeship)

(inert learning)

(coaching) (monitoring)

55

( ) ( )

“

”

(Message)

(Signs)

(Cognitive)

(Affective)

(Psychomotor)

(Media)

(Design)

1.

2. (Perception Principles)

3. (Memory Principles)

4.

5.

6. (Concept

learning Principles)

7.

(Attitude change Principles)

1.

?

.

(Instructional Message Design)

56

(Stimuli)

(Condition)

(Novelty )

(Response) (Results)

(Reinforcement)

(Pavlov)

(Condition)

( )

(Formative)

(Sum-

mative)

2.

“ ”

83%

(1)

(Berelson

and Steiner, 1964)

(2)

(3)

(Hochberg,1966)

.

(Perception is more relative

rather than absolute)

57

( )

(Normal exposure)

(Over exposure)

(Under exposure)

( )

(

)

. (Per-

ception is very selection)

(Dynamic)

(Static)

Selective exposure

( )

. (Percep-

tion is organized)

( )

(Need)

.

(Perception is influenced by set)

1

58

A

4 1

6 3

Fleming, malcolm and Levie

W.Howard (1978) Instructional Message

Design.

Educational Technology Publication,

Englewood Cliffes,New Jersey. USA.

Berelson, B.and Steiner, A (1964)

Human Behavior: An Inventory of Scientific

Findings. New York, Harcourt, Brace, and

world,Inc.

Hochberg, J.E.(1966) Perception .

Englewood cliffs,New Jersey:Prentice-Hall,

Inc

67

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71

.

3

1. (age of

instructional design)

2. (age of mes

sage design)

3. (age of

environmental design)

(task analysis)

(structional

formats)

(cognitive constructivism)

.

Wittrock (1974a, 1974b)

(generative learning)

Cognitive

72

(learning through

the person)

.

4

1. (motivational

processes)

2. (learning processes)

3. (knowledge

creation processes)

4. (Process

of generation)

4

2 1)

2)

4

4

Luria (1973)

3

1

73

2

(understandship and compre

hension) (cognitive theory)

3

2

(generative activities)

(organization relationships)

2

(intergrative relation-

ships)

.

Wittrock (1991, 1992)

(schema theory)

(information processing)

(constructivism)

74

(Skinner. 1990)

(connec-

tionism) (Witrock. 1992)

(schema theory

(Rummelhart. 1981)

(information

processing theory) (Bell - Gredler. 1986)

(constructivism)

(Jonassen. 1990)

.

75

.

4

(passive)

1. (motivation

processes)

2

(attribution)

-

-

-

-

-

-

2.

76

-

-

-

-

-

3.

(Wittrock.1990,

1991)

-

-

-

4.

(organizational

relationship)

(organizers)

77

.

(active)

! !

(preconception)

79

4

14 1

2550 13

5

2474

2

.

2

2

( )

2

2

2

2

2

2

2

“

?”

80

“

?”

“

“ ”

“

2 2

”

2

2 2535

2

2536

. (

)

. (

“

”

2 18

2531

100

“

”

“ .

”

.

“ ”

.

“ ”

( 2 )

1.

2.

81

3.

2

.

- -

2543

.

“ .

”

104 24

2550 .

.

“

”

( )

83

(information society)

Schwier (2001)

McLcllan (1998)

(Virtual Learning Community)

. . *

84

Soren (2006)

2

1. (e-Learn ing

Communities)

2

1.1

(e-Training Communities)

1

(Web Conference)

(Computer based Training)

1.2

(Online Conference Communities)

(live

web conferencing) (streaming video)

(narrated PowerPoint

presentat ion)

(facilitated discussions)

2.

(Blended Learning Communities)

2

2.1

2.2

Bellah (1985)

4

1.

(Virtual Learning of Relationship)

85

2.

(Virtual Learning Communities of

Place)

Marathon

(real

time)

Marathon

3.

(Virtual Learning Communities of Mind)

2

(Sharing)

(Idea)

4.

(Virtual Learning Communities of

Memory)

86

Soren (2006)

1.

1.1

1.2

1.3

2.

2.1

(Online)

(Off line)

3

(discussion board) 1

2.2

2.3 (Buddy)

3.

3.1

87

(Social Interaction)

3

- Audio Conferencing

(Synchronous Tools) - Web Conferencing

- Video Conferencing

- Chat

- Instant Messaging

- White Boarding

- Discussion Boards

(Asynchronous Tools) - Calendar

- Website Links

- Group Announcements

- Messaging/E-mail

- Surveys&Polls

- Decision Support Tools

- Interactive CBTs

(Content Integration) - Streaming Audio & Video

- Narrated Slideshows

- Web books

- Resource Library

(Document Management) - Document Collaboration

- Version Tracking & Control

- Permission Based Access

88

1. (Organization)

1.1

1.2

(face to face)

(Time Zone)

(Boettcher, 1999)

1.3

(Boettcher, 1999; McLellan, 1998)

2. (Intent)

Schwier

“ ”

(Sense of ownership)

(Cooperative Learning)

(Taget Gold)

3. (Structure)

89

6-12

Schwier(2001)

2

1. (Facilitator)

2. (Participant)

1. (Facilitator)

1.1

1.2

1.3 e-mail

2. (Participant)

2.1

2.2

1.

(Usage rate)

2.

(Participant rate)

3.

(User good back)

90

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

(Knowledge sharing)

6.

(knowledge management)

Bellah, R.N. 1985. Habits of the Heart :Individualism and commitment inAmerican life. New York: Harper Collins.

Boettcher, S., Duggan, H., & White, N. 1999.What is a virtual learning communityand why would you ever need one?.Online Available: www.fullcire.com/community/communitywhatwhy.htm

J. Preece. 2000. Online communities:Designing usabi l i ty , support ingsociability. Chichester, UK: John Wiley& Sons.

McLellan, H. 1998. The internet at a virtuallearning community. Journal of Computingin Higher Education. 9(2): 92-112.

Schwier, R.A. 2001. Catalyst, emphases, andelements of virtual learning communities:Implications for research and practice. Inpress: The Quarterly Review of DistanceEducation.

Soren Kaplan. 2006. Strategies forCollaborative Learning: Building e-Learningand Blended Learning Communities.(online) Available: http://www.icohere.com/Collaborative Learning.htm.

91

. (Khan Badrul)

.

(Khan, 2001, 2004, 2005, 2007)

Managing e-learning Strategies:

design, delivery, implementation and

evaluation . . 2005

(Open, Flexible, and

Distributed Learning Environment)

Program Evaluation

in E-Learning . .

2007

(Khan, 2004)

3

(People-Process-

Product Continuum P3 Model

2 3 P3

P “ ” )

3

(Khan, 2005)

.

College of Internet Distance Education,

Assumption University of Thailand

http://thaimlearning.blogspot.com

http://thaielearning.multiply.com

92

8

(2002) (Khan, 2007)

(Khan, 2004)

3 (P3

model) (the E-

Learning Framework)

(a Comprehensive

Approach to Program Evaluation in Open

and Distributed Learning) (CAPEODL

“KA-POO-DUL” model

)

3

1)

(the E-Learning Framework)

2) 3 (P3 model) 3)

1. (the E-

Learning Framework)

1

8

8

1. (Pedagogical)

1

(the E-Learning Framework): http://tojde.anadolu.edu.tr/tojde4/drbadrul.htm

93

2. (Technological)

3.

(Interface Design)

4. (Evaluation)

5. (Management)

6.

(Resource Support)

7. (Ethical)

8. (Institutional)

8

9

2. 3 (P3 model)

3

2 3

(eLearning P3 model)

: http://badrulkhan.com/p3.htm

94

3

2

1) 2)

2

3.

3

95

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

3 :http://asianvu.com/bk/elearning_evaluation_article.pdf

96

1

1

1.

?

2.

?

3.

?

4.

?

5.

( ) ?

6.

?

7.

?

8.

?

7 1

(The

George Washington University Graduate Students) .

6

8

97

“

”

1)

(the E-Learning Framework) 2)

3 (P3 model) 3)

Khan, B. H. (2001). Dimensions of E-Learning. Retrieved June 8, 2008, from http://

tojde.anadolu.edu.tr/tojde4/drbadrul.htm

Khan, B. H. (2004). People, process and product continuum in e-learning: The e-learning

P3 model. Educational Technology., 44(5), 33-40.

Khan, B. H. (2005). Managing e-learning Strategies: design, delivery, implementation and

evaluation. USA: Information Science Publising.

Khan, B. H. (2007). Program Evaluation in E-Learning. Retrieved June 8, 2008, from http:/

/asianvu.com/bk/elearning_evaluation_article.pdf

107

.

(ergonomics)

”

2

Ergos Nomos

Natural law

(human factors engineering)

.

16

1950 12

1949

Human

Research Group

108

(Murrell , 1980 , Edholm and

Murrell , 1973)

16

1950

Ergonomics

2 ergon Work

nomos natural law

Ergonomics

Seminara (1979)

Wojiech

Listrzebowski

1857 Ergonomics

Human factors

human factors engineering

Ergonomics

1

1915

The Health of Munition Workers Committee

Industrial Fatigue Research Board

1929 Industrial

Health Research Board

2

12

1949

3 1.

2.

3

109

.

1940 1950

Council of Educational Facility Plannes

International National Council on

Schoolhouse Construction

1921

1950

“

”

(Gardner , 1971)

2 Educational Facility Planner

1940

Building Performance Research Unit

Architectural

Research Laboratory

1970 , 1980 1990

Human factor

engineering ergonomics environmental design

architectural research applied ergonomics

The Human

Factors Society The Human

Factors and Ergonomics society

Environmental design Research Association

The Human Factors and

Ergonomics society

Chapanis (1965)

5 (1)

(2) (artificial

situation) (3) (4)

(5)

3

James MacConnell

Education Speci-

fications School of Education

Dr. Gene Faris Dr.

John moldstad

110

Improving the Learning Environment

.

1.

Woodson (1987) Woodson and Conover

(1973) Bennett (1977) Van cott and Kinkade

(1972) Grandjean (1978) David J.

Oborne (1987)

2.

3.

4.

111

5.

6.

11 16

(CCSE, 1938)

7.

1)

(Year-

ges , 1978 ; Doelle , 1972)

2)

(Doelle ,

1972. Packard , 1988)

8.

-

30 - 50 -

100 - 150 -

(Kaufman , 1981)

- 30 - 50%

- 30 - 50%

- 20%

- 40 - 60%

- 70 - 90%

9.

(Burch, 1993)

(Kwallek & Lewis ,1990)

112

G.F. MCVey (1971)

1)

(visual field)

2)

10.

Aliciem (1989)

11.

(Display

systems)

(Meister et

al ., 1969)

1)

2)

3)

4)

5)

6)

7)

8)

9)

10)

12.

Woodson

(1981)

1)

113

2)

3)

4)

5)

6)

.

Federick Knirk (1992)

“

”

(Mc Vey, 1979)

1) (area)

2)

3)

?

4)

5)

?

6)

7)

8)

?

9)

10)

11)

114

1. Auleciems, A. (1989). Thermal comfort. In N.M.Ruck. ed. Building design and human Performance. New York: Van Nostrand.

2. Bensnett, C. (1977). Spaces for people. Englewood Cliffs, N.J. Prentice Hall.3. Burch, L. (1993). Architects and educators : The total is greater than parts. Educational Facility Planners.

CEFPT, 32 No.3, 5 - 6.4. CCSE. (1938). Report of the Consultative Committee on Secondary Education. London : CCSE. HMSO.5. Chapanis, A. (1965). Research techniques in human engineering. Baltimore, MD : John Hopkins.6. Doelle, Leslie L. (1972). Environmental acoustcs. New York : McGraw-Hill.7. Edholm, O.G., and Murrell, L.F.H. (1973). The Ergonomics Society : A History 1949 - 1970. London :

Ergonomics Research Society.8. Gardner, D.E. (1971). Guide for planning educational facilities. Columbus, OH : Council of Educational

Facility Planness.9. Grandyean, E. (1987). Ergonomics in computerized offices. London : Taylor & Francis.10. Kaufman, J.E. ed. (1981). 1981 lighting handbook vols 1, 2. New York : Illuminating Engineering Society.11. Knirk F.G. (1992, September). Facility requirements for integrated learning systems. Educational Technology.

33(9) : 26 - 32.12. Kwallek, N. and Lewis, C.M. (1990). Effect of environmental colour on males and females. Applied Ergonomics.

21(12) : 275 - 78.13. McYey, G.F. (1971). Sensory factors in the classroom learning environment. Washington, D.C. : NEA.14. Murrell, K.F.H. (1990). Occupational Psychology Through autobiography : Hywell Munell, Journal of

Occupational Psychology. 53 : 281 - 90.15. Oborne, D.J. (1987). Ergonomics at Work. John Wiley & Sons.16. Packard, R. ed. (1988). Ramsey and Sleeper architectural graphic standards. New York : Wiley.17. Semunard, J.L. (1979). A survey of ergonomics in Poland. Ergonomics. 22 : 479 - 505.18. Van Cott, D. and Kinkade, R. (1972). Human engineering guide to equipment design. New York : McGraw-Hill.19. Woodson, W.E. (1987). Human factors design handbook. New York : McGraw-Hill.20. Woodson, W.E. and Conover, D. (1973). Human engineering guide for equipment designers Berkeley. CA

: University of California Press.21. Yerges, L. (1978). Sound, noise and vibration control. New York : Van Nostrand.

12)

13)

14)

15)

115

85/85

4 / 2548

16 8

8

1)

2) 4

20

0.20 – 0.80

0.20

.81 3)

87.82/89.00

t-test

.05

Abstract

This current research aimed to

develop Computer Assisted Instruction (CAI)

on interval to match effective criteria at 85/

85 and compare achievement of students

who used CAI and studied with a traditional

method. The sampling group of this research

was derived from short course students at

Thonburi Polytechnic who were studying at

the fourth batch in 2005. The total sample

size for this study consisted of 16 students.

The students were organized into

experimental and control groups with each

having 8 participants. The instruments used

A COMPARISON OF LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT BETWEEN

COMPUTER ASSISTED INSTRUCTION AND TRADITIONAL

INSTRUCTION ON INTERVAL FOR SHORT COURSE STUDENTS

116

in the experimental stage included 1) CAI

on Interval 2) a 4-choice achievement test

included 20-item that prescribed with

difficulty levels ranging from 0.20 to 0.80,

discriminating power ranging over 0.20 and

reliability was 0.81, and 3) a CAI usability

appraisal.

The results of the study were

following. The CAI of this current study was

developed to reach the effective criteria at

87.82/89.00 which was higher than the

established requirement. Data were analyzed

through a t-test. The students who used

CAI were gather higher achievement rather

than students who studies in traditional

method significant statistically at 0.05 levels. (

. 2539 : 4

. 2537 : 1

- 2)

(

. 2536 : 7)

117

150

30 120

1 4

( . 2543 : 2)

(

. 2541 : 15)

–

4 ” ”

(Computer Assisted Instruction: CAI)

5

(

. 2547 : 2)

( . 2547 : 68)

118

-

( .

2540 : 3)

( . 2547 : 3)

( . 2543:2)

1.

85/85

2.

2 2548 39

2

3/2548

2 18

125 5

3

3

( 3/2548 )

5

( 125 )

15

( 3/2548 )

119

4/2548 2 16

8

8

(Research and

Development) 3

1.

2.

2.1

4

50

50

(p)

(r)

0.20 – 0.80

0.20 20

.80

2.2

Borg, Gall

and Morrish (Borg, Gall and Morrish

. 2547 : 45)

11

1

2

3

4

5 1

6 1

7 2

8 2

9 3

10 3

11

Borg

85/85

2.3

2

2.3.1

120

4

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

2.3.2

3

(1)

(2)

(3)

4.50 - 5.00

3.50 - 4.49

2.50 - 3.49

1.50 - 2.49

1.00 - 1.49

3.50

3.

2

1.

3

15

85/85

X E1 X E2

15 50.93 87.82 17.80 89.00

58

50.93

87.82

20

17.80

121

89.00

87.82/

89.00 85/85

2.

4/2548

2

t - test

85/

85

4 / 2548 16

8 8

1)

2)

4

20

0.20 – 0.80 0.20

.81 3)

87.82/89.00

t-test

.05

N X SD t sig

8 20 17.25 1.28

8 20 15.75 1.04 3.240* .014

.05

122

1.

1.1

1.2

1.3

2.

2.1 (Fonts)

UPC

Adobe

Photoshop 7 (.jpg)

Macromedia Authorware Professional Version

6.5

2.2

Sound

Forge 7.0

2.3 (Animation)

2.4

Macromedia Authorware

Macromedia Flash

3.

3.1

123

3.2

3.3

3.4

. (2543).

6 .

.

. (2543).

.

.

. (2547). “Let’s go 2 “

1.

.

. ( 2547). “ ( 1)” , 1(10) :

68 - 70.

. (2539).

.

.

. (2547). “ ” , 11(1) :

45 - 50.

. (2540).

.

.

. (2541). . ( 1). :

, . ( 2537).

. ,18 - 20.

125

4

85/85

0.60

i4i

i1i 2549i

2

85.83 / 86.67 0.72

4

A Development of Computer Assisted Instruction on “The Universal

and Space” in Science for Prathomsuksa 4 Students.

Abstract

The objectives of this research were to

develop computer assisted instruction on

universal and space, to evaluate the efficiency

according to the set of 85/85 criterion

standard and to find the effectiveness index

to the set of at least 0.60. The samples

group is Prathomsuksa 4 from Phettanom

School during the first semester of academic

year 2006. This is an experimental research.

The contents of the lesson consisted of new

words and exercises on universal and space.

The samples group was divided into 2

groups. The first group was to find the

efficiency and the second was to find the

effectiveness index.

The results of this research were as

follows : The efficiency of computer assisted

instruction on universal and space was 85.83

/ 86.67 and the effectiveness index of

computer assisted instruction was 0.72

according to the criterion.

126

(Inquiry)

(Investigation)

( . 2544 :

1)

( . 2542 : 66)

4

, ,

( . 2549)

(Computer Assisted

Instruction) CAI

“

...” ( . 2543:89)

127

CAI

(Multimedia)

(Text) (Image)

(Animation) (Digital video)

(Sound)

(Interactive)

(Feedback)

(

. 2546 : 11-12)

( Individualization )

1.

4

85/85

2.

128

1.

4

1 2549

5 190

2

(1)

4 1 2549

2

1

4/3 40 3

1 3

,

, 1

1

2 7

3 ,

2 , 2 7

2

3 30

3

85/85

(2)

4 1

2549

1 4/1 30

2.

4

4 6 2

2544

3.

(1)

4

(2)

4

(Research and

Development)

3

1.

2544

2.

2.1

129

4

50

0.20 - 0.80

0.20

0.60

2.2

Borg, Gall and

Morrish (Borg, Gall and Morrish

. 2547 : 45)

85/85

2.3

2

2.3.1

3

(1)

(2)

(3)

2.3.2

(

) 5

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

4.51 - 5.00

3.51 - 4.50

2.51 - 3.50

1.51 - 2.50

1.00 - 1.50

3.50

3.

2

130

1.

1.1

3

4.22

3.81

2

1.2

1 3

3

E1/E2

85.83/86.67

2.

0.72

4

85/85

0.6

1.

1.1

1.2

(Head Set)

1.3

Intranet

Internet

2.

131

3.

3.1

,

,

. (2544). .

: .

. (2543). . - ( 2). :

.

. (2546). “ ”. , 1(22) : 11-12.

. (2549).

4. : .

. (2547). “ ”. , 11(1) :

45 - 50.

. ( - 2542). “

1

”. , 27(106) : 66

3.2

, ,

133

2

A Development of Multimedia Computer Assisted Instruction on Politics

and Ruling of Ayutthaya Kingdom for Mattayomsuksa 2 Students

2

85 / 85

2 2550

73

2

85.66 / 86.22

0.60

.01

Abstract

This is a development and

experimental research. The objectives of this

research were to develop a multimedia lesson

on politics and ruling of Ayutthaya Kingdom

for Mathayomsuksa 2, to find the Efficiency

of lesson as the criterion standard set at

85/85 , and to find the Effectiveness Index

and to compare learning achievement

between Pre-test and Post-test .

The samples were 73 Matthayom-

suksa 2 students at Thungsong school during

the first semaster of academic year 2007.

The multimedia lesson consisted of contents,

134

pictures, sound and exercises. The

achievement tests were given to the samples

to f ind the eff ic iency and learning

achievement.

The results of the research were as

follows : The Efficiency of a multimedia lesson

on politics and ruling of Ayutthaya Kingdom

was 85.66 / 86.22 ,the Effectiveness Index

of computer assisted instruction Multimedia

was 0.60 according to the criterion and the

post-test learning achievement was higher

than pre-test significantly at the 0.01 level .

( )

(

)

(

.2541 : 123)

( . 2532 : 11)

2

2544

135

/

1.

2

85/85

2.

2

0.60

3.

1.

2 1

2550

13 650

4 73

1.)

2

1 2550

3

1

2.)

2

1 2550

10

3.)

2

1 2550

30

4.)

2 1 2550

30

2.

1.)

2

2.)

2.1

2

2.2

136

3.

3

3

1

2

3

4.

1

2550

/

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

2

73

4

3

10

30

30

6.

/

E1/E2

85.83/86.22 85/

85

E.I 0.60

0.60

137

t-test

0.01

2

2

2

85.83/86.22

0.60

0.01

1.

2.

3.

.)

. (2531 , - ). .

.15(78) : 16-19.

. (2537). . : .

. ( 2549).

. http://www.thapra.lib.su.ac.th

139

1

85/85

0.60

1

2 2548

2

85.40/86.00

0.61

1

A Development of Computer Assisted Instruction on WordSpelling in

Thai Language

Abstract

The objectives of this research were

to develop computer assisted instruction

on word spelling in Thai language, to evaluate

the efficiency according to the set of 85/85

cri ter ion standard and to f ind the

effectiveness index to the set of at least

0.60 .

The samples group in Prathomsuksa

1 from Udomsuksa school during the second

semester of academic year 2005.

This is an experimental research. The

contents of the lesson consisted of new

words and exercises. The samples group

was divided into 2 groups. The first group

was to find the efficiency and the second

was to find the effectiveness index.

The results of this research were as

follows : The efficiency of computer assisted

instruction on word spelling in Thai language

was 85.40/86.00 and the effectiveness index

of computer assisted instruction was 0.61

according to the criterion.

140

( . 2548 : 54)

29 2542 (

. 2547 : 52)

. .

2544

3 ( 1)

(

. 2546 : 139)

(Hardware)

(Software)

141

(Supplements)

(

. 2547 : 68 )

(Compu-

ter assisted instruction program)

CAI

(Multimedia)

(Text)

(Image) (Animation)

(Digital video) (Sound)

(Interactive)

(Feedback)

( . 2546 :

11-12)

(Child centered)

142

1.

1

85/85

2.

1

2 2548

7 315

1.

1 2

2548

2

1 43

3

1 3

1

2 10

2

3 30

2.

1 1

30

(Research and

Development) 3

1.

2544

2.

2.1

3

20

0.20 - 0.80

0.20

2.2

Borg, Gall and Morrish

(Borg, Gall and Morrish

. 2547 : 45)

85/85

2.3

2

143

2.3.1

4

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

2.3.2

3

(1)

(2)

(3)

4.51 - 5.00

3.51 - 4.50

2.51 - 3.50

1.51 - 2.50

1.00 - 1.50

3.50

3.

2

1.

1.1

3

4.61

4.01

2

1.2

1 3

3

E1/E2

85.40/86.00

2.

144

85.60

0.61

1

85/85

0.6

1.

1.1

1.2

2.

2.1

2.2

3.

3.1

3.2

. (2546). “ ”. , 1(22) : 11-12.

. ( 2547). “ ”. , 1(10) : 69-70.

. (2547). “ ”. , 11(1) : 45-46.

. ( 2547). “ ( ) ”. , 1(9) : 52-53.

. ( 2548). “ ”. , 2(13) : 54.

. (2546). “ ”., 10(1) : 139.

145

(2550).

. . (

). :

:

. ,

. .

1)

1 85/85 2)

0.60

1)

1 1

2)

3

A DEVELOPMENT OF AN e-BOOK ON BUDDHIST HOLY DAYS

( .1)

1 2550

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Abstract

Phramaha Amarin Khienchainat.

(2007). A Development of e-Book on

Buddhist holy days. Master thesis, M.Ed,

(Educational Technology and commu

nications)

Graduate school Chandrakasem

Rajabhat University. Advisory Committee:

Assistant Professor Dr.Boonlert

Glangjai and Assistant Professor Dr.Pitr

Thongchan.

The objectives of this study were

to develop an e-Book on Buddhist holy

days for Mathayomsuksa 1 students to

meet the efficiencly standard of 85/85

and to find out the effectiveness index

146

at 0.60 up level.

The instruments used in this study

were 1) an e-Book on buddhist holy days

created by the researcher and 2) a test

to find out the effectiveness index of this

e-Book.

The samples were 30 randomly

sampling students of mathayomesuksa 1

at Wat Ladpraw school, studying in the

first semester of the academic year 2007

The results of this study showed

that the efficiency of the e-Book was

85.00/88.66 and the effectiveness index

was at 0.60 level.

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Abstract

This article presents game learning

in the space of the existing instruction and

situation. The current issues of challenger

computerized, learning from games,

educational game, relationship between

games and simulations and research games.

The influence of computer games make sure

the main participations in the g- learning

process parents, educator, students and

games designers and developers are also

reconsidering.

Keyword : g - learning, game, simulations

à¡Á¡ÒÃàÃÕ¹Ì٠: ÊÔ觷ŒÒ·Ò·Õè¤ÇþÔ̈ ÒóÒ(g - Learning: Challenger to Reconsidering on Games)

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170

(Computer games)

(Digital age)

(e-World) 2548

248,000,000

340,000,000,000 ($US

10,000,000,000), (R.E.Clark, 2007)

(Serious games) 2547

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(ESA, 2006)

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1 -

2

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(Built in)

(Play) (Entertainment)

(happy to learn) (Fun)

(Work)

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(Support)

Serious game

Xbox

Play Station2 – Bogost2007, R.E. Clark 2007)

Clark (2007)

(g-Learning)

(series)

(competencies)

172

(edutainment)

(Enjoy)

-

(joy)

(vistual world)

(e-world) 21

( )

(Duffy,

McDonald and Mizell. 2005).

1. (action games)

-

Blaster Series

( ) Davidson, Jump 2 -3

173

Start Series Vivendi

shoot-em-

up

SimCity,

Mamis, Biology Explorer, River deep

2. (adventure games)

Carmen

Sandiego Series Broaderbund, Magic School

Bus series Scholastic

(mystery)

3.

(Strategy/simulation games)

4. (Puzzles

& Classic Game)

Scrabble,

Hasbro Interaction Zillions of Games, Zillions

Development Corp.

174

(Tobias and Fletcher, 2007)

1. (entertain-

ment)

(reality)

2. (story-

lines)

(scenerios)

(task)

3. (Completion)

4. (interaction)

5.

(games)

(simulation)

:

(mind)

(games-based techno-

logy)

(tools)

(aggressive

content)

(pro-social content)

(maximize motivation)

175

(games view replace direct

instruction)

(play)

(scenarios)

(receptacle)

(formal & informal)

176

(build in) (play)

(edutainment) (work)

(fun)

(happy to learn)

(designers&developers)

.(2549).

. .

Aderson, C.A., & Bushman, B.J. (2001).

Effects of violent video games on

aggressive behavior, aggressive

cognit ional aggressive affect ,

physiological arousal, and prosocial

behavior: A meta-analytic review

of the scient i f ic l i terature.

Psychological Science, 12, 353-359.

Becker, K, & Parker, J. R. (2006). Digital

games as simulatons. The 2006

SCS International Conference on

Modeling and Simulation-

methodology, Tools, Software

Applications-Calgry.

Clark, R.E. (2007,May-June). Learning from

serious games? Arguments, evidence,

and research suggestions. Educa-

tional Technology, 47(3) , 56-59.

Duffy,J.D. McDonald,J.B. and Mizell, A.P.

( 2005).Teaching and Learning

with Technology. 2nd ed.USA : Pearson

Education,Inc.

O’Neil, H.F., wainess,R., & baker, E.L. (2005).

Classification of learning outcomes

: Evidence form the computer

games literature. The Curriculum

Journal,16, 455-474

.

177

Second Life . (2003) . Publ ished

by Linden Lab: Game Site: http://

wwwsecondlife.com

Tobias, S, & Flectcher, J.D. (2007, Sept-Oct.).

What research has to say about

designing computer games for

learning. Educational Technology,

47(5) , 20-29.

195

Second Life (secondlife.com)

Second Life

Second Life

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...

196

Linden Lab Second Life

Real Network

Second Life Cyberpunk Snow Crash

Second Life ?

Second Life (SL) 3

"Avatar"

Second Life

Second Life

197

copy

2. Second Life Second Life Linden Dollars

(L$) US Dollars ($USD)

Second Life Second Life

L$ L$200-300 $1 USD (

)

Second Life 3

Second Life Open source

, ,

(Second Life 18

)

Second Life 10

Second Life

Second Life

3 Second Life

1. Second Life

Second Life

Second Life

Second Life

198

Basic Account Second Life

Second Life

(Morgan, 2008) Second Life

2551 http://slurls.blogspot.com/2008/03/top-ten-

education-site-in-second-life.html

Browser Second

Life

1. IVORY TOWER LIBRARY OF PRIMITIVES

Second Life textures

http://slurl.com/secondlife/Livingtree/135/105/25

199

200

2. TUI UNIVERSITY

201

3. New Citizens Plaza (NCI) Second Life

202

4. ACADEMY FOR SECOND LEARNING (ASL)

203

5. INFO ISLAND

Second Life

6. CITTADELLA UNIVERSITY

Second Life

Second Life

script Second Life

204

7. INTERNATIONAL SPACE FLIGHT MUSEUM

NASA

205

8. New Media Consortium (NMC)

Second Life

206

9. ROCKCLIFFE UNIVERSITY

Second Life

207

10. National Oceanographic & Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)

(Aimee Weber)

Morgan. (2008, March 3). Top ten Education site in Second Life. Retrieved

July 16, 2008, from http://slurls.blogspot.com/2008/03/top-ten-education-site-in-second-life.html

208

Thailand Cyber University

TCU (http://www.thaicyberu.go.th/)

2548

E-

Learning TCU

online

/

online

online

(Inter-University Network : UniNet)

/

TCU /

1.

e-Learning

2.

Learning Object

Share Learning

Resource

3.

e-Courseware

Online Course Self-pace Course,

Collaborative Course Supplement

Course

4. Virtual Library e-

Library , e-Book, e-Journal, e-Thesis

5.

Learning Resources

6.

Online Course

(Content Management System : CMS)

(Learning Management System : LMS)

7.

(Student Management System

: SMS)

8. Facilities soft-

...

Thailand Cyber University (TCU)(TCU)(TCU)(TCU)(TCU)

209

ware

/ Learning Object

e-Courseware

9. Network Infrastruc-

ture

TCU

TCU

E-Learning

1. 2.

3.

4. E-Learning

5.

E-Learning

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(Formal Education)

(Non Formal Education)

(In-Formal Education)

TCU

. TCU eLearning

Hi-ed. 1 6.

15 - 15 2548.

http://lms.thaicyberu.go.th/OfficialTCU/main/

main2.asp

(Learning Management

Systems: LMS)

online (Content Management

Systems: CMS)

(Student

Management Systems: SMS)

TCU

210

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