Environment, Behaviour and Society

A Brief Look at the Field &Current Research at Sydney

Gary T Moore

gtmoore@arch.usyd.edu.auhttp://www.arch.usyd.edu.au/web/research/ebr.html

Abstract / Summary

• 本文论述了环境、行为与社会研究领域的基本理论与方法， 并且试图将悉尼大学在此领域内不同研究分支进行整体的介绍。 悉尼大学环境、行为与社会研究组成员的研究课题涉及范围广泛， 运用的理论与方法各不相同——这是本组的优势——但是，小组成员的研究工作存在着内在的知性的联系。 本文首先以城市政策与设计领域的研究为背景，介绍了环境、行为与社会学科发展的历史， 然后分析了本领域的基本研究理论与方法。 在提出此理论与方法的框架的基础上， 本文转而探讨了悉尼大学环境、行为与社会研究组的研究现状， 目的不仅是为了进一步地说明此框架， 而且也为了说明本研究组不同研究课题之间内在的联系。 本文的结论之一是，悉尼大学环境、行为与社会研究组的大部分研究的理论基础是相互作用与构成理论， 以及在最近开始涉猎的的社会资本理论。本文的结论之二是： 在研究中（尽管研究方法可以不尽相同）， 但是最好能结合定量分析、定性分析、经验主义方法这三方面，以便使研究得出的发现与解释具有更高的可靠性。

Background and Context

What is EBS?

environment-behaviour studies – or, as we prefer to call it –

environment, behaviour & society

environment-behaviour studies – or, as we prefer to call it –

environment, behaviour & society

environment, behaviour & society• serious attention to behavioural, social &

cultural factors in architecture & urban planning

• serious attention to the role of the physical environment in behavioural & social sciences

• objective – to contribute to improving the quality of life through design and planning

• absolutely fundament in education – from 1st year throughout – not a clip-on

• has been seen as a narrow field, eg, only environmental psychology or only behavioural factors in design

• really a much broader field – encompassing all the social and political sciences in relation to the entire designed and built environment

• includes culture, social groups, values, images, meaning, symbolism in design, planning and environmental policy, etc.

major theoretical foundations

• the nature of theory

• alternative theoretical orientations

• the scope of EBS theories

• the form of EBS theories

• different theoretical approaches? or a few integrating threads?

reciprocal interactions among

places, people, culture & time

the cyclic research & design process

major theories of environment,

behaviour & society

dominant research methods• the paradigm of empirical research• EBS is explicitly empirical • 3 phases of research:

– research design– information collection methods & – analysis

• diversity? or combinations and triangulation of research methodology?

The paradigm of empirical research

quantitative approaches

qualitative approaches

theories interactional- constructivism

transactionalism phenomenology

research design quasi-experiment survey research

naturalistic-participatory interpretive

research methods observations interviews etc

ethnographies participant

data analysis parametric non-parametric

in-depth structural

trustworthiness reliability validity

confirmability transferability

applications policy formulation design guidance

action research

Current Research Interestsat the University of Sydney

children, youth and environments

children, youth and environments

Housing mobility

Detachment from the neighbourhood

Loss of social network

Loss of peer support

Increased stress

Pressure of making new friendships

Lack of motivation for making new friendships

Social isolation

Deterioration of health

Absenteeism

Financial Stress on the family

Strained family relationship

Change of school Detachment from the teachers

Loss of peer group

Break in the continuity of study

Adjust to the new environment

Decreased academic performance

children, youth and environments

children, youth and environments

experience, perception & cognition

experience, perception & cognition

Person

Environment

Person-in-Environment Transaction

Action Evaluative experience

Affective experience

Cognitive experience

experience, perception & cognition

experience, perception & cognition

social & cultural factors in architecture & urban planning

environmental comfort, satisfaction & productivity

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R2 = 0.859

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environment, behaviour & social issues in the Asia-Pacific

improved methods for EBS research

improved methods for EBS research

Kate Bishop, Katina Dimoulias, Jenny Ernawati, Asif Khan, Gina Kuo, Nadia Lalak, Richard Lamb, David

Leifer, Lu Duanfang, Rohan Lulham, Zena O'Connor, Louise O'Donnell, Terry Purcell, David Rowe, Anna

Rubbo, Jose Sevilla, Michael Steven, Takemi Sugiyama, Tan Ying, Ross Thorne, Judith van der

Linden, Jutta Wittig, Xu Leilei

http://www.arch.usyd.edu.au/web/research/ebr.html

with thanks to

conclusions & discussion

• now your thoughts – eg, what are your thoughts on how to integrate EBS perspectives in your work?

Here's a picture of a public toilet in Switzerland.

It’s made entirely out of one-way glass. No one can see you in there, but …

… would you use it?!?!!!!!