히브리어

모음및음절체계

모음체계

(1) The Simple Vowels

- The simple vowels: changeable.

- It readily becomes longer or shorter whenever the position of the

accent shifts (chapter 4).

(1) The Simple Vowels

Qal Imperfect (=Yiqtol) VerbQal Perfect (=Qatal) Verb

BBH 13.5 BBH 15.3

Metheg

(2) The Vowel Letters

Letter Symbol Class Name Sound Quantity Comments

יI Hireq-Yod EE in seek long unchangeable

I Tsere-Yod EY in hey long unchangeable

I Seghol-Yod E in set short unchangeable

וU Holem-Waw O in hole long unchangeable

U Shureq OO in mood long unchangeable

ה

A Qamets-Hey A in father long only at end of word

I Tsere-Hey EY in hey long only at end of word

I Seghol-Hey E in set short only at end of word

U Holem-Hey O in hole long only at end of word

- Vowel letters are not consonant (For example, the ה has no H sound if it is used as a vowel letter).

- Some vowel letters are unchangeable. Other vowel letters are not like the changeable

vowels either. They tend to appear only in specific conditions, such as in certain suffixes,

in specific kinds of words, or at the end of certain words.

(2) The ה Vowel Letters

y

y

y

y

- The ה vowel letters are not like the changeable vowels They tend to

appear only in specific conditions, such as in certain suffixes, in

specific kinds of words, or at the end of certain words.

E.g.,

A class

I class

I class

U class

Quantity

long

long

short

long

(2) The ו Vowel Letters

oo as in mood

U class

U class

- These are unchangeable vowels.

- Cf. These vowels, however, can be written defectively.

Full writing Defective writing

Pratico-van Pelt, BBH, 2.8.2; 2.10

Quantity

long

long

(2) The י Vowel Letters

I class

I class

I class

Quantity

long

long

short

ee in seek

ey in hey

e in set

- These are also unchangeable vowels.

- Cf. These vowels, however, can be written defectively.

Full writing Defective writing

Pratico-van Pelt, BBH, 2.10

Long

Short

Reduced

a e i o u

(3) Vowels Summary ChartA Class I Class U Class

Simple

vowels

Simple

vowels(changeable)

(unchangeable)

(unchangeable)

(unchangeable)

(changeable)

Simple

vowels(changeable)

y yy

y

음절체계

(1) Open, closed syllable

(CVC) (CV)

(4) Syllable 나누기

אדניPretonicTone Distant

ים מצר PretonicTone

(2) Tone, Pretonic, Distant syllable

원리 1: An open, pretonicis generally long.

원리 2: Closed, unaccented syllables are always short.

* An open, distant syllable generally reduces to Shewa or to a composite Shewa.

(4) Syllable 나누기

원리 1: An open, pretonicis generally long.

원리 2: Closed, unaccented syllables are always short.