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Erich C. DierdorffDept. of
ManagementCollege of Commerce
Enhancing the Enhancing the Learning Learning Environment:Environment:To I-Click or Not to I-Click?
I-Clickers in the I-Clickers in the ClassroomClassroom• Numerous uses for the technology:
– Record-keepingRecord-keeping (e.g., attendance)– PollingPolling (e.g., opinions, preferences,
etc.)– DrillingDrilling (e.g., memory retention)– LinkingLinking (e.g., application examples)– TestingTesting (e.g., graded quizzes, exams,
etc.)““Administrative purposes”Administrative purposes”““Developmental Developmental purposes”purposes”
Learning Enhancement: Learning Enhancement: OutcomesOutcomesWhat learning outcomes do we
intend to shape?• Affective
– Attitudes & beliefs (e.g., self-efficacy, satisfaction, etc.)
• Behavioral– Skills & actions (e.g., communication,
leadership, etc.)
• Cognitive– Knowledge (e.g., facts, theories, principles,
etc.)
Learning Enhancement: Learning Enhancement: MethodsMethodsWhat teaching methods do we
currently use?• Case studies• Role plays• Simulations• Self-directed learning• Lectures…
– “old school” format (e.g., sans PowerPoint)– “new school” format (e.g., PowerPoint,
other audio/visual techniques, etc.)
Some Weaknesses of Some Weaknesses of LecturingLecturing• Information flow is primarily one-way
– Are they engaged? Motivated to learn?
• Lower levels of learner-centric feedback– Am I (student) retaining or understanding
the material?
• Ambiguity in the “receipt” of sent messages– Are they actually “getting it”?
• “Knowing-Doing Gap”– Can they apply what they’ve learned?
Technology to the Technology to the Rescue?Rescue?• Enhancing motivation & engagement
– Polling & DrillingPolling & Drilling
• Enhancing “confirmation of receipt”– DrillingDrilling
• Enhancing learner-centric feedback– Drilling & LinkingDrilling & Linking
• Enhancing transfer or concept application– LinkingLinking
Polling: ExamplesPolling: Examples• In an economic sense, HR practices
are primarily costs.costs.• The best interviews are those
uniquely tailoreduniquely tailored to each interviewee.
• Which has the strongerstronger relationship?A) aspirin reduced risk of heart
attackB) intelligence job performance
A=strongly A=strongly disagreedisagree
B=disagreeB=disagree
C=neutralC=neutral
D=agreeD=agree
E=strongly agreeE=strongly agree
Drilling: ExamplesDrilling: Examples(A) True or (B) False?(A) True or (B) False?• CRA 1964’s protected classes are
race, religion, color, sex, & age.• A “skill” is a behavioral capability
acquired through learning• Adverse impact is an intentional
form of discrimination.• Profits qualify as a “business
necessity” defense for adverse impact.
Linking: An ExampleLinking: An Example
• Chicago has recently developed a new crisis contingency plan which includes HAZMAT training (e.g., chemical spills) for 3-5 members of each firehouse & police district. Transfer of training is crucial. The budget for this initiative (from state & federal sources) is substantial.
What training method would you recommend & why?
A = Lecture B = Simulation C = Case study D = A = Lecture B = Simulation C = Case study D = Role Play Role Play E = OtherE = Other
To i-Click or Not to i-To i-Click or Not to i-Click?Click?Essential questions to ask…• For what purpose?
– Developmental, Administrative, or both?
• What is my predominant method?– Lecture, case study, etc.?
• How embedded will the technology be?– Pre, post, or in situ?
• Am I willing to restructure the course?– Content-driven or clicker-driven?
Student Reactions Student Reactions (N=94)(N=94)
EffectiveneEffectivenessss
EnjoyedEnjoyed
BeneficialBeneficial
FutureFuture
