By:Ishan Dev Gupta

Roll No. 16

TELANGANA

HISTORY OF THE REGION…

‡ Satvahana dynasty – Repelled foreign empires, preserved Indian culture

‡ Golden age during Kakatiya dynasty‡ Came under Muslim rule in 14th century followed by

Bahmanis, Qutb Shahis, and the Mughals‡ Muslim Asafjahi dynasty established a separate state

Hyderabad – largest and most populous princely state under British Rule

‡ Never under direct British rule (other parts Rayalaseema and Coastal Andhra were)

ORIGIN OF TELANGANA REBELLION…

• Peasant revolt supported by communists in the princely state of Hyderabad from 1946-1951 against local feudal landlords for bonded labour

• Well known leaders at the forefront like Ravi Narayan Reddy, Nalla Narasimhulu, Sateesh Arjula, Anabheri Prabhakar Rao, Puchalapalli Sundaraiah, and others

• Ended after central government sent in army

POST INDEPENDENCE ERA…• Nizam of Hyderabad wanted independent state• Rebellion started against Nizam’s rule and his army known as Razakars• State of Hyderabad annexed on 17 September 1948 in an operation

called Operation Polo carried out by the Indian Army• M. K. Vellodi appointed as the first CM of Hyderabad state on 26

January 1950– Carried out administration with the help of bureaucrats from Madras state

• During 1952, Burgula Ramakrishna Rao appointed as the CM of Hyderabad state in 1st democratic elections

• Violent agitations by some Telanganites against bureaucrats from Madras

• Telugu speaking areas carved out of Madras state on the fast unto death by Potti Sri Ramulu to create Andhra state in 1953 with Kurnool as its capital

MERGER OF TELANGANA AND ANDHRA

• States Reorganisation Commission (SRC) not in favour of merger• Important leaders appreciated that unification of Telangana with

Andhra should be based on a voluntary and willing association of the people

• CM of Hyderabad state supported Congress party’s decision to merge Telangana and Andhra despite opposition in Telangana

• Feb 20, 1956: agreement b/w Telangana and Andhra leaders to merge Telangana and Andhra promising to safeguard Telangana’s interests

• Gentlemen’s Agreement: November 01, 1956 - unified Andhra Pradesh established

• Agreement provided assurance to Telangana w.r.t. power sharing, administrative domicile rules and expenses distribution

SEPARATE TELANGANA STATE MOVEMENT

After formation of Andhra, dissatisfaction among Telanganites continued

TIMELINE:Dec 1968: Rally organized by OU students against

discrimination in govt. jobs against Telangana people

1973: Govt. of India diluted protections in Gentlemen’s Agreement by initiating the Six Point Formula due to Jai Andhra agitation

1969: Various political parties formed for separate statehood of Telangana region

1990’s: BJP promised separate Telangana state if comes to power

TIMELINE CONTINUED….2001: Telangana Rashtra Samithi (TRS) formed led by

Kalvakuntla Chandrashekar Rao with object of creating separate Telangana state with Hyderabad as its capital

2004: TRS joined the coalition govt. with Congress, making separate Telangana state a part of Common Minimum Programme of the coalition govt.

Sep 2006: TRS withdrew support from the coalition due to unfulfillment of Telangana promise

July 2008: Devender Goud & E. Peddi Reddy formed a new party called Nava Telangana Praja Party (NTPP) with Telangana as its main goal

Oct 09, 2008: TDP (Telugu Desam Party) announced support for creation of separate Telangana

TIMELINE CONTINUED….2009: Praja Rajyam Party (PRP) founded by Chiranjeevi

merged with NTPP with Telangana statehood as its main agenda

Nov 2009: A fast unto death by TRS president K. C. Rao demanding a Telangana Bill in Parliament Arrested Students, employees & various organizations joined protest Student organizations planned massive rally at state assembly Govt. deployed police troops throughout Telangana

Dec 09, 2009: P. Chidambaram announced – Govt. would start process of forming separate Telangana state KCR ended his 11-day fast

TIMELINE CONTINUED….Dec 23, 2009: Govt. of India announced – no action to be taken

on Telangana until a consensus reached by all parties Rallies, hunger strikes and suicides continued throughout Telangan Telangana Joint Action Committee (JAC) threatened resignations of all legislators on Jan 28 2010

Feb 03, 2010: 5 member Srikrishna Committee on Telangana formed to look into the issue with a deadline of Dec 31 2010

SHRIKRISHNA COMMITTEE REPORT

On Jan 06, 2011 Home Ministry made the Committee’s report publicRecommendations:

Keep the state united Advised constitutional and statutory measures for socio-

economic development and political empowerment of Telangana region through the creation of a statutorily-empowered Telangana Regional Council

Telangana leaders supported creation of a separate state as the best option

March 23, 2011 – Secret Report revealed

REPERCUSSIONS OF THE REPORT• Feb 17, 2011: Non Cooperation movement started (lasted for

16 days; 300,000 govt. employees involved; Rs. 8 billion/day lost)

• March 10, 2011: Million march organised by JAC

Position of state legislature as on 5th July, 2011i. 100 out of 118 Telangana MLAs in the state, 12 out of 15 Telangana

ministers, 13 out of 17 Telangana MPs in Lok Sabha, 1 Rajya Sabha MP, 20 MLCs resigned

ii. Resigned included 44 out of 53 ruling Congress party MLAs from Telangana, 9 out of 12 ruling Congress party MPs in Lok Sabha from Telangana.

iii. Except 18 MLAs; MIM (7), Congress (9) (including two ministers, Deputy Speaker and Deputy CM), CPM(1), Lok Satta(1); the rest of the Telangana MLAs have resigned

RELEVANCE OF ETHICS

∞ Govt. is at fault for not providing proper justice to the people of Telangana

∞ It is ethically wrong on the part of people of Telangana not to share their resources with other regions

∞ It is not morally justified to destroy public property and cause loss of revenue in the name of agitation

∞ The demand for Hyderabad as capital has affected the commercial growth of this city

∞ Tourism industry is disrupted e.g. no. of visitors to Tirupathi have reduced

Thank You…