し夕・

SEMESTER-I

PHYSICS-CI MATHEMAT萱C▲L PHYSICS-1

く丈螺料馬・.て継も銃ツーQ丸,やヽ融- αL

Theory - 40 classes (1 h「 duration)

The emphasis of cour§e is on application is §Olving problems of interest to physicists.

The students are to be examined entirely on the basis ofproblems, Seen and unseen.

UNIT-I

αIc!llus :

Calculus of functions of more than one variable partial derivatives, eXaCt and inexacl

differentials, Integrating factor, With simple illustration. Constrained maximization

using Lagrange’s multipliers. (4 lectures)

O励ogo/′7a/ cw′|′雄"ear COO′窃nales :

Ofthogonal curvilinear coordinates, Derivation of Gradient∴Divergence, Curl and

Laplacian in Cartesian, SPherical and cylindrical coordinate systems.　(7 lectures)

UNIT-II

7匂c10r αlc●Ilus 〇・

R∞aPitulation of vectors properties of vectors under Rotations, Scalar product and its

invariance under rotations. Vector product scalar triple product and their

interpretatjons in tems ofArea and volume respectively scalar and vector frolds.

(5 lectures)

履c′or D娩タで所on :

Di「ectional Deri¥′atives and Normal derivative, Gradient of scalar field and its

Geometrica=nterpretalion, Divergence and curl of a vector field. Del and Laplacian

OPeratOr, VeCtOr Identities.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(5 lectures)

UNIT-事事I

DiI・aC De/la凡(nC/ioI?伽d座prapeIties :

Definltion of Dirac Delta function. Representation as limit of a Gaussian function and

Rectangular function, PrOPerties of Di「ac delta function.　　　　　　(3 1ectures)

Vector Integration : 1

Ordillar)′ 1ntegrals of vectors, Notion of infinitesima1 1ine, Surface and `′Olumc

elementS, Line i11tegral ofvector field, flux of ‘′eCtOr field.　　　　　(6 leclures)

UN量T-萱ヽ′

施c′oI・肋egI・a tioIト〃

Multiple Integrals, Jacobian, Surface and volulne integrals of vector fields, Gauss

diverge-1Ce theorem, Green’s and stokes theorems and their applications (no rigorous

PrOO応)　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　( 1 0 1ectures)

* Long Questions from each Unit (12x4) = 48 marks

* Short Questions fi・Om Unit - II (3x4) = 12 marks

SEMESTER-I

PHYSICS-C- II MECHAN賞CS

Credits : Theory O4, Practicals - 02

Theory : 40 classes (1hr duration)

UNIT-I

RolaIion砂州amics :

Centre of Mass and Laboratory Frames, Angular Momentum of a particle and system

of particles, Torque, Principle of conservation of Angular Momentum, Rotation about

a fixed Axis, Moment of Inertia, Calculation of Moment of inertia for rectangular,

cylindrical and spherical bodies, kinetic energy of rotation’mOtion invoIving both

translation and rotation.　　　　　　　　　　　( 1 0 lectures)

UNIT-II

EIaslici少:

Relation between elastic constants Twisting torque on a cylinder or wire. (3 lectures)

GI峨l所alio〃 :

Law of Gravitation, Gravitational potential energy, Inertial and Gravitational mass

petential and field due to spherical shell and solid sphere.　　(3 1ectures)

Satellite in circular orbit and applications, Geosynchronous ordits, Weightlessness, bar

and katers pendulum.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(3 lectures)

UNIT-III

αnlI・aI Fかceんlolion :

Motion of a particle under Central Force Field, Two body problem and its reduction

to one body problem and its solution. The energy equation and energy diagram,

kepler‘s laws.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(3 1ectures)

αciIlations :

SHM, Simple Harmonic Oscillation, di鯖江ential equation of SHM, and its solution.

Kinetic Energy potential energy, tOtal energy and their time average values, Lissdyous

figures, Damped Oscillation, Forced Oscillation, Transient and Steady states,

Resonance, Sharpness of Resonan∞, Power dissipation and quality Factor (5 lectures)

日章lidんクo(ioI7.・

Kinematics of moving fluids, POisseuille,s eqn for flow of liquid through cap紺ary

Tubc

(2 lectures)

UNIT-IV

Nbn -h er/ia /動steI7上

Non Inertial frames and fictitious forces, Unifomly Rotating Frame, Laws of Physics

in rotating coordinate systems, Centrifugal force, COriolis force. (3 1ectures)

をecia/ 77!eOry C!rRe/aIil′巧y :

Michelson Morley Experiment and its outcome. Postulates of special Theory of

Relativity, Lorentz Transfomations, Simultaneity and order of evelltS, Lorentz

COntraCtion, Time Dilation Relativistic Transfomation of velocity, Frequency and

wave numbcr, relativistic addition of velocities variation of mass energy equivalence,

Relativistic Doppler Effect, Transfomation of Energy and Momentum, Energy

Momentum four `′eCtOr,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(8 lectures)

* LongQuestion from each unit (12x4) = 48 marks

* Short Question from UniトII (3x4) = 12 marks

通ニ

SEMESTER-I

PHYSICS_C- II MECHANICS

Credits : Theory O4, Practicals - 02

Thcory : 40 classe§ (1hr duration)

UNIT-重

RolaIion pynamics :

Centre of Mass and Laboratory Frames, Angular Momentum of a particle and §yStem

of particles, Torque, Principle of ∞nServation of Angular Momentum, Rotation aboul

a fixed Axis, Moment of Inertia, Calculation of Momen[ of inertia for rectangular,

cylindrical and spherical bodies, kinetic energy of rotation’mOtion invoIving both

translation and rotation.　　　　　　　　　　　( 1 0 l∞tureS)

UNIT-II

EIasllci少:

Relation between elastic constants Twisting torque on a cylinder or wire. (3 lectures)

Gral,iIalion :

Law of Gravitation, Gravitational potential energy, Inertial and Gravitational mass

potential and field due to spherical §hell and §Olid sphere.　　(3 lectures)

Sate11ite in circular orbit and applications, G∞SynChronous orbits, Weightlessness, bar

and katers pendulum.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(3 lectures)

UNIT_III

CenIra/ FbI℃e Mb/ion :

Motion of a particle under Central Force Field, Two body problem and its reduction

to one body problem and its solution. The energy equation and energy diagram,

kepler’s laws.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(3 1ectures)

αciIlaiion∫ :

SHM, Simple Hamonic Oscillation, differential equation of SHM, and its solution"

Kinetic Energy potential energy, tOtal energy and their time average values, Lissaious

figures, Damped Oscillation, Forced Oscillation, Transient and Steady states,

Resonance, Sharpness of Resonance, Power dissipation and quality Factor (5 lectures)

FIuid初blioI).・

Kinematics of moving fluids, POISSeui11e,s∴eqn for flo“′ Of liquid t厄ough capi=a「)′

Tube

(2 lectu「es)

UNIT-IV

Non -九er/ia /劫steI7仁

Non Inertial frames and fictitious forces, Unifemly Rotating Frame, Laws of Physics

in rotating coordinale systems, Centrifugal force, COriolis force. (3 iectures)

をecia/ 77!eOIy qrRe/aIil′砂:

Michelson Morley Experiment and its outcome. Postulates of special Theory of

Relativity, Lorentz Transfomations, Simultaneity and orde「 of evelltS, Lorentz

COntraCtion, Time Dilation Relativistic Transfomation of velocity, Frequency and

wave numbcr, relativistic addition of velocities variation of mass encrgy equivalence,

Relativistic Doppler Effect, Transfomation of Energy and Momentum, Energy

Momentum four `′eCtOr.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(8 lectures)

* LollgQuestion from each unit (12x4) = 48 marks

* Short Question from Unit|l (3x4) = 12 marks

Jニ

SEMESTER- 11 CORE-IPHYSICS LAB C -1(LABI

PHY HONS PRACTICAL P-I

20 classes (2hr duration) Fu= Mark - 25

The aim of this lab is not ju§t tO teaCh computer programming and numerical

Analysis but to emphasize it§ role in soIving problems in physics.

◆　Highlights the use ofcomputational Methods to soIve physical problems.

+　The course wi= consi§t Oflectures (both theo「y and practical) in the lab.

+　Evaluation done not on programming but on the basis of fomulating the

PrObIem.

+　Aim at teaching students to ∞nStruCt the computational problem to be soIved.

◆　Students can use any one operating system Linux or Microsoft windows.

Topics �DescriptionwithApplications

IntroductionandOverview �Computerarchitectureandorganisation,memOryandinput/

OutPutdevices

Basicsofscientific �Binaryanddecimalarithmetic,floatingpointnumbers,

COmPuting �algorithmssequence,Selectionandrepetitionsingleand

double　precision　arithmetic,underflow　and　overflow

emphasizetheimportanceofmakingequationsintemsof

dimensionlessvariables,IterativeMethods.

EFTOrSandErrorAnalysis �Tnmcalion　and　round　offerrors　Absoluteand　Relative

errorsfloatingpointcomputations

Revieu.ofCandC++ �Introductiontoprogrammingconstantsvariablesanddata

lP「。g「ammingfundamentals ( �typesoperatorsandExpressions,I/Ostatementsscanfand

PIintf;CinandCout.ManipuIatorsfordatafomatinき.

COntrOIstatements(decision　makillg　andlooping

i ! l ! �statements)if　statement,ifelse　statement,Nestedif

StruCture　EIseifstatement,Temary　operator,Go　to

Statement,Switchstatement,unCOnditionalandConditional

1ooplng,Whileloop,DoWhileloop,FORIoop,Breakand

ContinuestatementsNestedloops),Arrays(1Dand2D)

andsthngs,uSerdefinedfunctions,StruCtureSandunions,

Ideaofclassesandobjects.

申請 」_臆___ �SumandAverageofalistofnumberslargestofagivenlist ofnumbersanditsIocationinthelist,SOrtingofnumbers

inascending,descendingorder,Binarysearch

lRandomnumbergeneration 」___「_置____-_ �AreaofCircle,areaOfsquareVolumeofsphere,Valeof7r

SEMESTER- 1I CORE-II

MECHANICS LAB

PHY I10NS PRACTICAL P-IIICORE-2 AND

GENERIC ELECTIVE・ PRACTICAL -P二重

20 classes (2hr duration) Fu11 Mark - 25

1. To study the random error in observations.

2. To detemine the height ofa building using sextant.

3. To study thc Motion ofspring and calculate

a) Spring conslant b) g c) Modulus ofrigidity

4. To detemine Moment ofinertia ofa fly wheeL

ふ矛ursional pendulum (Calculation of elastic constants).

6. To detemine coe綿cient of viscsisty ofof water by capillary flow method.

ユ　To detemine elastic constants ofa wire by searles“s method.

j・ T咋temine the value ofg using bar pendulum.

尊重e detemine the value ofg using kater’s pendulum.

tP. To′detemine Modulus ofrigidity by static method

持丁o detemine Young’s modulus of wood by n-Cthod ofbending.

四国

1

圏

SEMESTER-I

GENERIC ELECTIVE PAPER-I /PHYSICSI

MECHANICS

Thcory 40 clas§eS Thcory O4, Practica1 02 (1hr duration)

UNIT-I

IセcIo鳩:

Vector Algebra, Scalar & Vector products Derivatives of a vector with respect to a

parameter.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(2 lectures)

RoIaIio駒I勅blion :

Angular Velocity and Angular momen血皿, tOrque, ∞nSerVation of angular

momentum.

MI ofrectangulaT body, solid sphere & cylinder　　　　　　　(3 lectures)

近時瞥qrMolio〃.’

Frames of reference Newton’s laws of motion, Dynamics of a system of practicles

CCntre Of mass.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(4 lectures)

Momen柄朋a〃d励eI秒,.・

Couservation of momentum, WOrk and energy, couservation of energy, mOtion of

rockets.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(2 1ectures)

UNIT-II

O′窃nary d娩reI証a/ eq機atio〃 :

1st order homogenous di能rmtial equation, 2nd order homogenous d礁nential

equation with constant coe飾cients.　　　　　　　　　　　(2 lectures)

Gγa高でaIion :

Newton’s law ofGravitation, mOtion ofa particle in a cem同l foree field (motion i§ in

a plane angular momentum in conse「ved, areal velocity is constant), Kepler’s laws

(Statement Only, Satellite in circular orbit & application, gcoSynChronous ordits, bar &katers pendulum.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(7 1ectures)

UNIT-書II

CなciIla lion了:

Simple ham-Onic motion DiiferentiaI equation of SHM & its∴SOlution, Liss年)OuS

figures, tOtal enel.gy & tllei「 time a¥′erageS, damped oscillations. (6 1ectures)

i±)eC.ia1 777eOry QrRelalil′io,..

Constancy of speed oflighl (MicheIson - Morley expり, POStulates of special theory

Of relativity, length ∞ntraCtion, time dilation, relativistic addition of velocities,

Variation ofmass w皿velocity.　　　　　　　　　　　　　( 4 1ectures)

UNIT-IV

Elaslic砂

Hooke’s law, StreSS Strain Diagram, Elastic moduli, Relation between elastie

constants, POisson’s ratio, eXPreSSion for peission’s ratio in tems of elastic constants-

WOrk done is strctching & work done in twisting a wire, twisting couple on a cylinder,

detemination of righidity modulu§ by static torsion, tOrSional pendulun Bending

moment, 1ight cantilever.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　( 1 0 1ectures)

* Long questions from each group (12x4) = 48 marks

* Short ques[ions from UniトII (3x4) = 12marks

SEMESTER-IIPHYSICS-C III : ELECTRICITY AND MAGNET萱SM

Credits : Thero!γ-04, Practicals - 02

Theory 40 classe§ ( 1hr duration)

UNIT-I

Ekclricjie〃 andpo/enlia/ :

Electric field’Electric field lines, E!ectric flux Gauss law w軸application to charge

dis巾bution ’with spherical・ Cylindrical and planar symmetry. (3 lectures)

Conservative nature of Electro§tatic field・ Electrostatic potential, Laplace & pois§On

equations The uniqueness theorem’Potential and Electric field of a dipole, Force and

Torque on a dipole.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(3 1ectures)

Electostatic Energy of system of charges’Electrostatic Energy of a charged sphere,

COnductor§ in an electrostatic field, Surface charge and force on a conductor.

Capacitance of a §yStem Of charged conductors, Paral-el plate capacitor, CaPaCitance

Of an isolated conductor’method of images and its application to (l) plane infinite

Sheet (2) sphere"　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(4 lectures)

UNIT_II

M寄gneIic F芯材:

Magnetic force between current elements and definition ofmagnetic field B. Biot

Savarts law and its simple applications. Straight wire and circular loop current loop as

a magnetic dipole and its dipole moment(Analogy with electric dipole), Ampere・s

Circuita! law and its applications to (1) Solenoid (2) Toroid. Properties of B. curl and

divergence vector potential・ Magnetic Force on (1 ) Point charge (2) current carrying

Wire (3) between curTent elements. Torque or a curren=oop in a unifom magnetic

field・ Ballistic Galvanometer・ Torque on a current loop. Current and charge sensitivity

electromagnetic damping’logarithmic damping CDR.

(12 Lectures)

UNIT- III

Die/ec[ric praper/ies QrMaI/er.・

Electric field in matter・ POlarizatiol一・ POlarizatioi- Charges, Electrical susceptibjlity and

Dielectric constant’CaPaCitor (parallel plate, SPhericaI. cylindrical) fi11ed u′itll

diclectric’displacemcnt vector B・ Relation between E, P a′まd D. gauss Ia“′ in

djeiec[rics.　　　　　(4 lectures)

Magn e/ic p′・apeI・lies q/Mal[e′∴・

Magnetization vector (M )’Magnetic Intensity ( H ) Magnetic susceptib諏y

and pemeability’relation between B’H,M , ferromagnetism, BH curve and

hysteresis.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(4 lectures)

αec′〔0〃岬gne毎克duc′ion :

Faraday,s law’lenz,s law self Inductance and Mutual Inductance, Reciprocity

Theorem・ Energy stored in Magnetic field.　　　　　　(2 1ectures)

疹//

UNIT- IV

EIec′ricaI ciIでαi鵬:

AC ci「cuits, Kirc皿offs laws for AC circuits・ COmPlex Reactance and Impedance.

series LCR circuit, (1) Resonance (2) Power Dissipation (3) Quality FacIor and (4)

Band width, Para11el LCR circuit.　　　　　　　　　(4 lecture§)

NとでM,Ork lheorems :

Ideal constant voltage and constant current sources・ netWOrk theorems : Thevenin

theo「em, Norton theorem, SupeIPOSition theorem, Rec中OCity thcorem, Maximum

power Transfer theorem’aPPlication to DC circuits　　　　(4 1ectures)

* 4 long question from each Group - 4x1 2=48 mark

* 4 short question from Group - II - 3x4=12 mark

し少’

国璽星

SEMESTER-IIPHYSICS - C - IV WAVES AND OPTICS

’credits ‥ Theory -04, Practical - 02

Thcory : 40 classes (l hr duration)

UNIT_I

Geo朋eI庇alのIics :

Femat’s principle, reflection and refraction at plane interface, matrix fomulation of

Geometrical optic§, Idea of dispersion, aPPlicalion to thick lens Ramsden and

Huygen’s eyepiece.　　　　　　　　　　　　　(4 lectures)

押匂ve MoIion :

Plane and spherical waves’longitndinal and t「ansvense waves, Plane progressive

(Travel‖ng) waves, Wave equations, Particle and wave ve!ocities di陥rentia!

equation’PreSSure Of a longitudinal wa、′e’energy tranSPOrt言ntensity of wave, Water

露点藍持謹言Ha。m。ni。。§。il,。,i。n　(41ectures)Graphical and Analytical methods, Liss雀ious figures (1‥1 and l:2) and their uses,

SuPerPOSition of N hamonic waves　　　　　　　　　　(2 lectures)

UNIT-II

脇veのIic仁

Electromagnetic Nature of light Definition and properties of wave front, Huygens

Principle’T帥POral and Spatial coherence　　　　　　　(3 1ectures)

肋e佃ce :

Division of amplitude and wavefront young・s doubleslit experiment, lloyd・s mirror

and Fresnel,s biprism, Phase change on reflection, StOke・s treatment, Interference in

thi§創ms, Parallel and wedge shaped films. fringes of equa=nclination (Haidinger

fiinges) fiinges of equa=hickness (fizeau fringes). Newton・s rings : Measurement of

WaVelength and refractive Index・　　　　　　　　　　(8 Iectures)

UNIT-III

方, IeI昨romeIeI∴・

Michelson Interf訂ometer

(l) Idea offom offiinges (No theory)

(2) Detemination of wavelength

(3) Wavelength difference

(4) Refractive Index

(5) Visibility of f轟nges

Fabry perot interferometer(5 1ectu「es)

D妨c′ion :

Comparison between fresnel and Fraunhofer diffraction, Rayleigh・§ Certeria resoIving

POWer Oftelescope’reSOIving power of grating.　　　　　　　(4 lectures)

UNIT-暮¥/

凡au励Q佃r D与伊ac′ion.・

Single slit・ Ci「cuIar aperture・ doub-e s-it・ multiple s】its・ diffraction g「atlng. (3 Icctures)

凡esne/ Dと伊ac/;oI仁

Fresnel Assumptions・ FresneI Half period zones for p-ane wave, Explanation of

Rec冊near propagation of light. Theory of zone plate’fresnel`s integra一, fresnel

diffroction pattem ofstraight edge・ a S-it and a wire.　　(7 -ecture§)

* 4 l。ng qu。S,i。nS from 。。。h g輩㌔x12=48 m狼

総軽輩(3 mark each)

* 4 short questions frori:X3=12 ma「k

圏

SEMESTER- III CORE-I堕

p諾諜鵜暮萱20 cIa§SeS (2hr duration)

Full Mark - 25

1. Use ofM踊meter for measuring

(a) resistance b) AC and DC voltages c) DC current d) Checking electrical Fu§eS.

・互Comparison ofemfof two ce-ls by potentiometer.

3. To study the characteristjcs ofseries RC circuiし

し41屯fud end correction ofmeter Bridge.

L才で三晶ration of meter Bridge.

し6了五一detemine an unknown Low Resistance using Potentiometer.

し2番ねemine an unknown Low Resistance using carey Foster’s Bridge.

L8r布compare capacitances using De Sauty Bridge.

9. To verify Thevenin and Norton theorems.

1 0. To verify the superposition and Maximum Power T,anSf訂Th。。,em.

仕To detemine self Inductance ofa coil by Anderson,s Bridge.

1 2. To study response curve ofseries LCR circuit and detemine its

a) Resonant Frequency b) Impedance at Resonance

C) Quality Factor Q and d) Band Width,

13. Measu「ement of cl-arge and c皿ent SenS証i'y and CDR of Ballistic

gal va11Ometer.

14. To detemine self Il丁dしIC.tallCe Of・a cojl by Rayleigl一・s Metlrod.

1 5. To detemjne tl-e MしItu種l Induc↑ance orT“′O COils by Absolute Method.

圏

SEMESTBR- II/ CORE-Iy

PHYSICS LAB C -IV(LAB)PHY HONS PRACTICAL P=工y

20 classes (2hr duration)　　　　　　　　　　　　　Full Mark - 25

l. Familiarisation with schuster・s Focusing; detemination of Angle of Pri§m.

2. To detemine the refractive lndex ofmaterial of a prism using sodium source.

3. To detemine the disper§ive power and Cauchy,s ∞nStant Ofthe material of a

Pn§m uSlng neCeSSary SOurCe.

4. To detemine wavelength ofsodium li由lt uSing fresenel Biprism.

5. To deteremine wavelength of §Odium light u§ing Newton’s Rings.

6. To detemine Wavelength ofNa §OurCe uSing plane diffraction grating.

7. To detemine dispersive power and resoIving power of plane d冊ac[ion

grating.

8. To detemine refractive Index ofa liquid using Travelling Microscope.

9. To detemine refractive Index of a liquid using liquid lens method.

10. To investigate the Motion ofcoupled oscillators.

1 1. To detemine the frequency of an electric tuning frook by meldes experiment

and verify A2- T law

_ヱ胎生空費　・・ 〇・

S王M亡S丁珊一冊

Physics - C-V MATHEMATiCAしPHYSICS - =

UNI丁-I

Fou「ier se「ies: Periodic Functio=S, Orthogonality of Sine and Cosine Functions・

Di「ichIet Conditions 〈Statement onIy), Expansion of periodic Functions in a ,

se「ies of Sine and Cosine f…Ctions and determination of Fourier coefficients,

Complex Rep「esentation of Fourier Series. Expa=Sion of functions with

千　言嵩霊誓書:嵩霊諜器嵩器嵩∩Infinite Series,丁e「m by Term differentiatlOn and lntegr∂tio「1 Of Fou「ie「 Series′

一　　Parseval Identitv (10しectu「es)

UNi「●一-=

「robe南us MctIIOd and Special Fun⊂tions:

SinguIar points of second orderしinea「 Differe=tiaI Equations ∂nd their

impo「tance, Frobenius Method and its ∂PPlication to diffe「entiai Equations・

しegendre & Hermite diffe「entiaI equations′ Properties of Legendre and

'lermite PolγnOmiais, Rod「igues Fb「m=ia′ Generati-1g Function′ Orthogonaiitv′

rl SimpIe recしirrenCe relations Expartsion of a functio= in ∂ Se「ies o廿ege=dr∂

PoIvno--1iaIs

UN「「-=I

SI型進駐坦⊆迫l I ntegra看s

Beta and Gamma function and reIation between them. Expression of lntegraIs

in t。.mS 。f Gamm∂ functions error fun料on (P「obab冊y Integ「aI)

【4しectures] ‘

・ ,　　I

詳e‘son’s -nte「feromete「

富　#嵩誌豊㌣needed)(4)　　Ref「active index and

(与)　visibiIjty of fringes

趣迫型　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(2 Iectures)

Diffractien: Fraunhofe「 diffraction′ Si=gle s-it′ Double sIit′ Mu'tiple slits and

Diffraction grating・ Fresnel Diffraction′ Half period zo=eS′ Zo=e PIate, Fresnel

diffraction pattern ofa straight edge′ a SIit and a wire usi=g ha-f perjod zone

AnaIYSis.

(7 Iectures)PoIarisation: Transverse Nature of light waves・ P'ane po-a「ised -ight, P「Oduction

and Analysis′ Circula「 and e購ptic Polarisation.

(3 Iectures〉

r¥　　Question pattern :

1. OneしOng Questions with a'ter=ate Choice from eac…it car画g 12 marks each

._.;▲し　　(　　　　　　.○　　　　　○.　　　-　_　臆　　臆

With Question No. 1み3 & 4

2. Two short Answer Type Questio=S/ Numerica-s from each unjt in Question No. 5

from which student has to answer any four bits ca「ryi=g 3 marks each

3X4=宣2ma「ks

宣2X 4 =48調a「ks

哩唾1.

2.

3.

4.

与.

FamiIiarisatio= With Schuster’s focussing - Determination ofAng-e of prism.

To determine the refractive l=dex of the Material ofa prism usjng sodium

To determine the wavelength of sodium Iight using Newton′s Rings.

To determi=e WaVeIe=gth of sodjum -jght using p-ane d柵action g「ating

To determine the va-ue of Cauchy・s constants.

_　　Theorv of E「ror

Systematic a=d Random Errors′ Propag∂tion of er「o「s′ Norma=aw of errors′

standard and probabIe erro「.　　　　　　　　　　　[4しectures】

SpeciaI Function

Associatedしegend「e poIynomiaIs and Spherica川armonics. [2しectures]

PartiaI DifferentiaI equatiQ哩

SoIution to partial diffe「ential equations′ uSing separation of variabIes・

l糾lace′s equation in p「oblems of rectangul∂r・ Cylindricai and sphe「icaI

-　symmetry conducting a=d dieIectric sphe「e in an exte「naI uniform eIectric

field. wave equation and its soIution for vib「ationaI modes of ∂ StretChed

string.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　llOしectures]「、

Question Pattern :

r’　1. Oneし0ng Questions with aIternate choice from each Unit car「ying 12 ma「ks

each with Question No. 1,2,3 & 4　　　　　　　　12 X4=48 marks

2. Two sho「t Answe「 Type Questions/ NumericaIs from each unit in Question No.

5 from which student has to answer anY four bits ca「「γing 3 ma「ks each

3X4=1乙ma「ks

PHYSICES C -Vl

_　　UNI丁-1

5emester I=

THERMAしPHYSICS

Introduction to Thermodynamics.

ー　　RecapituIation of zeroth and Firstしaw of The「modynamics.

/ ∴ Second Iaw of the「modynamics, Reversible and lrreversibIe process with

examples, COnVerSion ofwork into he∂t & heat into work. Heat engines,

C∂「nOt’s cycIe carnot engine and efficiency, Refrige「ator and co efficient of

perform∂nCe, KeIvin Pl∂nCk ∂nd cIausius st∂tementS Of 2nd Iaw of

thermodynamics ∂nd their equivaience ,Camot′s theorem ,AppIications of 2I、d

Iaw ofthermodynamics, the「modynamics scale of temp and its equivalence to

Perfect Gas sc∂Ie.

(7しectures)

虹虹咄二

Co'一(にPt Ol ent「opY′しIausius lheore町cIausius inequa航y, en‘「opy oi pe「fect

gas.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(3しectures)

Uhit=

ENTROPY -= Second Iaw of thermodynamics in te「m of entropy, Principie of

increase of entropy, entrOPV Changes in 「eve「sible and i「reve「sibIe processes

With exampIes′ temPe「atu「e - entrOPy di∂gramS for carnets′ cycle third I∂W Of

thermodynamics, unattainab冊y of absoiute zero.　　(4しectures)

一　　The「modvnamic potentials:

‾　Extensive and intensive the「modynamic va「i∂bIes the「modyn∂mic potentials,

一　E=th∂Ipy′ inte「naI ene「gy ′HeImhoItz free ene「gy′ gibbs free energy, their

definitions properties and application, Surface fiIms ∂nd variation of su「face

tension with temperatu「e, magnetic work,CO冊ng due to adi∂batic

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dJ`川anetisation, fi「st and secolld (JlJe甲Ilaゝe l同一ゝ一(I()I- Wl川だxn甲)ll一㌦

Clausius cIapeYrOm equation. Ehrenfest equation

(6 lectures)

Unit冊　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　-

MaxweiI′s thermodvnamic ReIation

Derivation and ∂PPIications of Maxwe=’s reI∂tion (1) clausius clapeyron

equation (2) ∨∂Iue ofCp- Cv(3) Tds equation (4) 」ouIe Keivin coefficient fo「

ide∂I and vande「WaaI gases (与) ene「gy equation (6) change oftemperatu「e

during adiabatic process.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(6 」ectu「es)

Kinetic Theorv ofgases - 1

Distribution of veIocities, Maxwe= Boltzm∂nn iaw of dist「ibution of veIocities in

an ldeaI gas and its experimental verification stem’s expe「iment, mean and

most probable speed, deg「ees of freedom, Iow of equipartition of ene「gy (No

PrOOf〉, SPeCific heats of gases.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(4しectures)

UNI丁-1V:

KINETIC THEORY OF GASSES-Ii

MoIecuiar Co=ision: Mean free path, CoIIision P「obab冊y, Estjmates of Mean free

r p∂th, T「ansport Phenomenon in ideal Gases. (1) Viscosity (2) ThermaI conductivity

(3) Di「fusion Brownian motion and its significance.　　　　　　(4しectures)

ReaI Ga§eS:

Beh∂Viour of Re∂I Gases, Deviations f「om the ideaI Gas Equation, the Viri∂i Equation,

And「ew’s Expe「iment on Co2 Gas.C「itic∂l constants, COntinuity o川quid ∂nd Gaseous

State. Vapour and gas, BoyIe Temperatu「e, Vander Waals Equatio= Of state for ReaI

Gases, VaIues of criticaI constants,しaw of co「「esponding states, COmPa「ison with

Expe「inlental cu「ves, PV diag「am, 」ouIe’s Experiment, F「ee Adiabatic Expansion of a

Pe「fect Gas, 」ouIe Thomson porousJ}恒g Experiment, 」ouIe Thomson effect fo「 Real

and Vande「 WaaI Gases, Temper∂ture Of Inve「sion, 」ouIe Thomson cooIing.

(6しectures)

1. Oneしong Questjons with aiternatechoicefrom each Unit carrying 12 marks

each with Question No・ 1′2・3 & 4　　　　　　　　　12 X4 =48 marks

2. Two short Answer Type Questions/ Numericals f「om each unit in Questi。n N。.

5 from which student has to answer a=γ four bits car「ying 3 marks each

3X4=12marks

PHYSiCS C -V=

DIGITAしSYSTEMS AND APPLICATIONS

虫垂塩「ated circ旦迫Qualitative Treatment only). Active & passive components.

Disc「ete components′ Wafer ′Chip ・Advantages and drawbacks of ICs, SCale of

Integration′ SSI′ MSi′しSI and VしSl(Basic Idea ∂nd Definitio= OnIy) ,C-assification of ICs,

ExampIes of Iinear and Digita=Cs

(うしectureり

旦蘭tai Ci「聖上壁

Difference between Analog and Digita- ci「cuits′ Bina「y Numbers, Decimal to

r BinaryandtoDecimalconversion BCD′O⊂ta一& Hexadecima- Number,AND, ORand

NOT Gates (Re∂Iisatio…Sing Diodes and T「ansistor), NAND and NOR Gates as

UniversaI Gates′ XOR and XNOR Gates and app-ication as parity checke「s.

r

(与しectu「es)

′　凹型出

塁QPIean AI鮎b旦: De Morgan′s theorems・ Boo-ean Iaws′ Simp-ific∂tion ofしogic

Circuit =Sing BooIean aigeb「a・ f…damentaI products, Idea of min te「ms and max

-　Te「ms・ COnVerSion oftruth tabIe into Eq=ivaIent logic ci「cuit by(1) sum of product

method and (2) Karnaugh Map.

(5 iectures)

旦旦ta ProcessinE Circu唾

‾　BasicldeaofMuItipIexe「sDeMultiplexers・ Decoders′ Encode「s. (4-ectures)

!興せ土吐

Introduction to CRO

BIock diagram of CRO′ Eiectron Gun ・DefIection System a=d time Base. Deflection

Sensitivity′ AppIicatio= Of CRO (1) Study of Waveforms (2) Measu「ement of Voltage.

Current , F「equencγ and Phase Difference.

(3しectures)

Bin∂「y ∂ddition・ Binary Subtractjon using 2′s comp-emented・ haIf and fu-1 Adders,

HaIf & fu= subt「actors, 4 bit Binary Adde「/ Subtractor

(5しectures)

哩IC 555, Block Diagram and AppIications Astable and monostabIe

multivibrator.

(3しectures)

UNIT-iV

垣E±Oduction to computer or舶nizatip鱒

In叫/0‘時t devices・ Data storage (ide∂ Of RAM 8mOM) rompule「 memory.

Me一一一O-y O噂冊ra‘ion & add「essing′ memOry lntchacing′ Memory Map.

(6しectures)

塾迫-Re垣些: Seriai in Se「ial out・ Seria- in pa「訓e- o=t Pa「訓e' in seriaI out,

Par訓eI in pa「訓eI out s航Registers (on-y up to 4 bits)　　(2しectures)

C型畦旦」4 bits): Ring cou=ter・ AsYnChronous counters, decade counte「.

/ ∴ Synch「0nOuS COunter.　　　　　　　　　(4 Iectures)

1. 0neし0ng Questions with alternate choice f「om each Unit carrying 12 marks

each with Question No. 1・2・3 & 4　　　　　　12 X4 =48 marks

2. Two sho「t Answe「Type Questions/ Numericals f「om each unit in Question No.

5 from which student has to answer anyfou「 bits c∂rryi=g3 marks each

3X4=12ma「ks

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SEMESTER一冊

GENERIC EしECTIVE (GE)

PHYSICS

WAVES AND OPTICS

旦喧: Surface Tension′ Synclastic a=d anticIastic su「face, Excess of pressu「e,

application to sphe「ical and cyIind「icaI drops and bubbles- Va「iation of su「face

Tension with Temperatu「e′ 」aegar′s Method′ Viscosity′ Rate of fIow of 'jquid in a

r　器霊書誌禁書嵩諾器霊_露盤Of viscosity of a

r lectures)　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(6

r a享rPOSition of pe「pendicuia「J]a「monIc oscⅢat垣些G「aphicaI and Ana時cal

「　Methods・しissajousfigures (1:1and l:2)and thei「uses.

「　塑重出 (2 Iectures)

r Sound: Sjmple Harmonic motion′ Forced Vibrations and Resonance. Fourier’s

一　書岩盤嵩一書)0嵩a霊,S器品霊fe豊隷書r∴ buiId廟8Sr Reverberation and time ol ・eVerberation, Abso「ption coefficient,

Sabi=e′s FormuIa′ meaSurement Of Reverberation time′ Acoustics aspects of halis

二　wav。M。,i。n-G。n。,。,:　　　　　　　　(6 Iectu「es)

Transverse waves on a string・ Trave冊ng and sta=ding waves on ∂ String.

「　normal modes of a st「ing′ G「oup VeIocity, Phase ve-ocity’PIane waves, and

SPhe「icaI waves, WaVe lntensity.

(2Iectures)′　些Ve OPtics昌Iect「omagneti・ nature Of Iight Definition and properties of w。,こ

front′ Huygens principIe.

〆　　t垣it-冊: Interference:

(2 iectures】

Interference・ Division of Amplitude and Division of Wave front, Young ・s

doubie sIitexpe「iment′しioyd′s mi「ror and Fresnel・s Biprism′ Phase change on

refIection′ StOke′s treatment′ Interfe「e=Ce in th両一ms・ Paral'e- and wedge shaped

fiIms ′ fri=geS Of EquaI incli=ation (Haidinger fringes ), f「inges of EquaI thickness

(fizeau fringes) Newton’s Rings, Measurement of waveiength and Refractive Index

(10 lectures)

MicheIson’s lnterferomete「

(1).　1dea of fo「m of f「inges (No theory needed )

(2)　　Determination of wavelength

(3)　　WaveIength d附erence

(4)　　Refractive index and

(5)　　VIsibiIity of師nges

(2 iectu「es)

Unit-IV

Diff「action: Fraunhofer d肝raction, SingIe s冊, DoubIe s航, Mu博pIe sIits and

Diffraction grating, F「esnel Diffraction, Half period zones, Zone pIate, Fresnei

d肺「action patte「n of a straight edge. a siit and a wire using half period zone

AnaiYSis.

「　　　　　　　(7 lectures) “ユニ

Poia「i§ation: Transverse Nature of iight waves.串ne poIa「ised iight, PrOduction

and AnaIysis, CircuIa「 and eI〃iptic Poiarisation.

(3 lectures) _

Question Pattem :

1. OneしOng Questions with alte「nate choice from each Unit carrying 12 marks each

With Question No. 1,2.3 & 4　　　　　　　　　　　　　　12 X4=48 marks

2. Two short Answe「 TγPe Question§/ NumericaIs f「om each unit in Question No. 5

f「om which student has to answe「 anγ fou子bits ca「rying 3 marks each

事X4=宣2mさrks

GE IJ¥B: WavesAnd ODtics

1. Fam楠ri§ation with Schuster′s focussinq - Determination ofAngie of prism∴三

2. Todete「minethe 「efractive Indexofthe!MateriaI ofa prism usingsodium　一

Iight.

3. To dete「mine the waveiength ofsodium恒ht using Newton′s Rings.　.言

4. To dete「mine waveIength ofsodium Iight using piane描什action g「ating

5.　To determine the vaIue ofCauchy’s constants.

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PHYSICSしAB- CVI 」AB

「uII Ma「k-2与

l_is( Of Experiments:

l To determine MechanjcaI Equivalent of Heat, 」. by Callender and Barne’s constant fIow

method.

2. To determine the Coefficient of The「maI Conductivity of Cu by SearIe-s App∂ratUS.

3. To determine the Coefficient of ThermaI Conductivity ofa bad condu⊂tO「 byしee and

Ch∂rlton‘s disc method.

4 To determine the Temperatu「e Coefficient of Resistance by Pla[i…m Resistance-「hermometer (PRT).

5 To 5tUdy the va-iatio= Of Thermo-Emf of a ThermocoupIe with Diffe「ence ofTempe「ature of

its Two 」unctions.

6. To dete「mine J by Calorimete「

PHYSICS PRACTICAし-C VII LAB

Fu= Mar教・2ら

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○　○olesl a Diode∂nd T「ansisto「 usinga MuItimete「.

2 To design a switch (NOTgate) using ∂ t「∂nSisto「.

3・ To ve「ify∂nd design AND・ OR・ NOT ∂nd XOR gates using NAND gates.

4・ To design a combinational Iogic system for a specified T川th Table.

了∴ 5 HaifAdder. FuIIAdderand4-bit binarYAdder.

6. HaIf Subt「∂CtOr′ Fu= Subtra⊂tOr, Adder-Subtracto「 usi=g Fu= Adder l.C.

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SEMESTER - IV

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PHYSICS C - V暮II : MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS -萱II

(Credits: Theory - 04, Practicals - 02 )

Theop「 : 40 Clas§eS (1 hr dura鯖on)

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UNIT-I

Complex Analysis - I : Brief Revision of Complex Numbers and their Graphical

Representation. Euler’s fomula, De Moivre’s theorem. Roots of Complex Numbe「s,

Functions of Complex Variables. Analyticfty and Cauchy-Riemann Conditions.

Examples ofanalytic functions.

Integrals Transforms - I : Fourier Transforms: Fourier Integral theorem. Fourier

Transfom. Examples. Fourier transform of trigonometric, Gaussian, finite wave train

& other functions.

(10 」e血res)

UNIT-II

Complex AnaIysis - II : Singular functions: POles and branch points, Order of

Singularity’branch cuts・ Integration of a function of a complex variable. Cauchy's

Inequa看ity.Cauchy’s Integral formula.Simply and multiply connected region心urent

and Taylor’s expansion.Residues and Residue Theorem.Application in solving

Definite Integrals.

Integrals Tran§forms - II : Representation of Dirac delta function as a Fourier

Integral, Fourier transform of derivatives, Inverse Fourier trans飽rm, Convolution

theorem.

(10 Lectures)

UNIT-III

Integ書als Transforms - III : Prope巾es of Fourier transfoms (translation, Change of

SCale, COmPlex conjugation, etC.). Three dimen§ional Fourier transforms with

examples.

Laplace Transforms: Laplace Transform (LT) of Elementary functions. Properties of

LTs: Change of Scale Theorem, Sh舶ng Theorem. LTs of Derivatives and Integrals of

Functions.

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(10しe血res)

Integrals Transforms - IV : Application of Fourier Transforms to differential

equations: One dimensional Wave and Diffusion/Heat Flow Equations. Derivatives

and Integrals of LTs. LT of Unit Step function, Dirac Delta function, Periodic

Functions. Convolution Theorem. Inverse LT.

Application of Laplace Transforms to D珊3rential Equations: Damped Harmonic

O§Cillator, Simple Electrical Circuits.

(10 Lectures)

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PHYS暮CS-C IX: ELEMENTS OF MODERN PHYSICS

(CTedit§: Theory-04, Practicals-02)

Theory: 40 Classes (1 hr duration)

UN!T-暮

Atomic Spectra and Models

Inadequacy of classical physics, Brief Review of Black body Radiation , Photoelectric

e徹的Compton e舶ct, dual nature of radiation′ WaVe nature Of particles. Atomic

SPeCtra’Line spectra of hydrogen atom・ Ritz Rydberg combination principle. AIpha

Particle Scattering, Rutherford Sca請ering Formula, Rutherford Model of atom and its

limitations, Bohr’s model of H atom, eXPlanation of atomic spectra, COrreCtion for

finite mass ofthe nucleus.

(10しecmres)

UNIT-II

Bohr correspondence principle, limitations of Bohr model, discrete energy exchange

by atom, Frank Hertz Expt・ Sommerfeld’s Modification of Bohr’s Theory

Wave Par慣cle Duality - I

De Broglie hypothesis, Experimental confirmation of matter wave, Davisson Germer

Experiment, Velocfty of de Broglie wave, WaVe Particle duality, Complementarity

Superposition of two waves, Phase velocfty and group velocfty , WaVe PaCkets

Gaussian Wave Packet , SPatial distribution of wave packet, LocaIization of wave

PaCket in time. Time development of a wave Packet; Wave ParticIe Duality,

Complementarity.

(10 Lectures)

UN萱T-I看!

Wave Par債cle Duality - I重

Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle illustration of血e Principle through thought

Experiments of Gamma ray microscope and electron di鮒action through a slit.

Estimation of ground state energy of harmonic o§Cillator and hydrogen atom,

non-eXistence of electron in the nucleus. Uncertainty and Complementa舶es.

N叫clea冒Physics置I

Size and structure of atomic nucleus and its relation with atomic weight; Nature of

nuclear force’NZ graph. Liquid Drop model: Semi-emPirical ma§S formula and

binding energy, Nuclear Shell Model and magic numbers.

(10 Lectures)

UN量T-萱V

‾　NuclearPhysics-II

(　　Radioactivity: Stabilfty of the nucleus直aw of radioactive decay; Mean life and

r halflife; AIpha decay; Beta decay- energy reIeased′ SPeCtrum and Pauli's predictfon

/　　　of neut「ino; Gamma ray emission, energy-mOmentum COnServation: electron-

r positron pair creation by gamma photons in the vicinfty ofa nucleus.

Fission and fusion- maSS defici"elativity and generation of energy; Fission - nature

Of fragments and emission of ne巾OnS. Nuclear reactor: Slow ne巾OnS interacting

(　　With Uranium 235; Fusion and thermonuclear reactions driving stellar energy (brief

‾　qualitative discussions).

「、

(10暮e血res)

PHYSICS - C X : ANALOG §YSTEMS AND APPLICATIONS

(Credits: Theory - 04, Prac債cals - 02)

Theory : 40 Classes ( 1hr duration)

UN萱T"萱

Semiconductor Diodes: P and N type semiconductors. Energy Level

Diagram.Conductivity and Mobility, Concept of Dr脆velocity.PN Junction Fabrication

(Simple Idea).Barrier Formation in PN Junction Diode"Static and Dynamic Resistance,

Current FIow Mechanism in Forward and Reverse Biased Diode" Dr脆Velocity.

Derivation for Barrier Potential, Barrier Width and Current for Step Junction.

(4 Lectures)

Two-terminal Devices and their Application§: 〔1) Rectifier Diode: Half-WaVe

Rectifiers. Centre寸apped and Bridge Full-WaVe Rectifiers, Calculation of Ripple

Factor and Rectification E鯖ciency, (2) Zener Diode and Voltage Regulation.Principle

and structure of (1〕 LEDs, (2) Photodiode, (3) Solar Cell.　　　　　(4 Lectures)

UNIT一萱!

Bipolar Junc噛on億ansistors: n-P-n and p-n-P Transistors. Characteristics of CB, CE

and CC Configurations. Current gains a and P Relations between a and p. Load Line

analysis of Transistors. DC Load line and Q-POint.Physical Mechanism of Current

FIow.Active, Cutoff and Saturation Regions.　　　　　　　　　　　(5 Lectures)

Feedback in Amplifiers: E鮒ects of Positive and Negative Feedback on Input

Impedance, Output Impedance, Gain, Stability, Distortion and Noise.

(4 Lectures)

UNIT-III

Ampl脆ers: Transistor Biasing and Stabilization Circuits. Fixed Bias and Voltage

Divider Bias.Transistor as 2・POrt Network, h-Parameter Equivalent Circuit, Analysis

Of a single-Stage CE amp駈er using Hybrid Model. Input and Output

Impedance.Current, Voltage and Power Gains.Classifica債on of Class A, B & C

Amplifiers ・　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(6Lectures)

Coupled Amp看脆er; RC-COuPled amplifier and its frequency response.

(4しec調res)

・　UN萱T-量Ⅴ

二　. s与nusoidal Oscillators:Barkhausen,s Criterion for selfLsustained osciIlations, RC

Phase shift oscillator, determination of Frequency. Hartley &CoIpitis oscillators.

(4 Lec血res)

Ope冒a債Onal Amplifiers (Black Box approach): Characteristics of an Ideal and

Practical Op-　Amp. (IC　741) Open-loop and CIosed-loop Gain.Frequency

Response.CMRR. SIew Rate and concept ofVIrtual ground.

(4Lectu res)

r Applications of Op-Amps: (1) Inverting and non-inverting amp捕ers, (2) Adder, (3)

Subtractor, (4) Differentiator, 〔5) Integrator, (6) Log amplifier, (7) Zero crossing

detector (8) Wein bridge oscillator.

(5しec血res)

一　　　PHYSICS PRACTICAL・C VIll LAB

r’‘　　20 Cla§§e§ (2hr duration)

「高批 bのsed高柳h証桝S e即e「高章e′,応based oルルかhe仰al加I P小塙s pmble肋事倣e/▲　/′l - SoIve differential equa`ions:

詰繕諾∵精言-第三号Dirac Delta Function:

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(-　Evaluate万言Ie薯(汀3)dr所o=/,0.,.OOIc刷。W両,,f面

手　/.F。面S。。。S:

ナ　　　Program to sum ∑芸1(0.2)れ　　　　　　　　　　　　/

Evaluate the Fourier coefficients ofa given periodic functlOn (square wa`′e)

「4. Frobenius melhod and Speciai functions:

いも十島(の鋤(の布く二釣れI(　　　pIo出,,(X), J事)

Sl10ヽヽ・ 「CeurSie1亘eI種高o教l

5・ CalcしIlatio一} Ofc「一・Or fol. eaCh da‘a pOi一一一OfobseI・、・細Ol-S -eCO「ded l11 CXPe「imentS done ln

「　　　p「e¥'rou症e111esterS (choose any l¥¥′O)

6. Calculatiol- Oflcas' sqし一are師Ing malluall)′ 、、刷《州gi、一一Ig ‘‘'eigh'age to erro「・ Col誼mation of

Icast s`lu種l’e fitting of dala th「ough COmPutel- PrOgI佃l.

7. El′aluaticm oftrigonometric functions e.g. Ji′′のG一、 e11 13essel ‘s function at N

P‘)ints find ils ‘′alue a' an in-enmdiate point. Comple掴nalysis: !ntegratc l /(X2+2) numerically

al-d check ‘¥′i(ll COmPuter integ「atioIl・

2ら

PHYSICS PRACTICAL-C IX LAB

20 C書as§eS (2hr duration)

1. Measu「elnent OfP!anck,s con§tan( using black body radiatio重l and photo-detcctor

2. Pl-OtO-electric eifect: Photo current versus il-tenSity and wavelength o佃ght; maXimum energ)′

Of pho(O-eIectrons versus fiequency o佃gl-t

3. To dctcmi!lC ‘‘.Ork funchon of matc「ia- of佃mし・nl ofdircctl)′ hca書ed YaCuunldiode.

4 To dete'l-1ine tl-e PIanck,s co'lS'ant uslng L王Ds ofat least 4 d雄erent coIou「s

5・ To detem壷thc ¥‘.a‘凍噂亜0岨alpha emlSSi(}l- I読o書・H)’d「ogen a-o-n

6.「o dc'elmir時the iol-iza‘ion polel-tiaI o白Tle「Cu一・y.

7 ’「o detcn一一inぐt壷abso両o掴IeS証hc 「。'a(i{、m- sl)eCtrul一一Of Iodine ¥.al)Ou「.

8・ To de厨mi‘一C the 、・alue `一rwh- b}. (a川′(agne‘ic t読using or (b) Bar magIlet.

〇・ To setu["hc博llikan o岨ol- aPPa「atuS and dcten-1ine the clla「ge Of.an eiecl「on.

I O To s[一O‘‘. tlre tし一melinきe鴫e両nun」lel d-Odc usl申-、′ cIla「aCle「jstics

仕丁o dctcIlwinc tl c周‘′C-e鳴th o「一aser s。u「Ce uSing d輸.action o'.single sIj-

PHYSICS PRACTICAL-C X LAB

20 Clas§eS (2hr duration)

l ・ To sl`事dy V-I characterjstics ofPNjunc'ion diode, and Light emitting diode.

2. To sfudy tl-e ¥/-I clla「aCteristics ofa Ze一一e「 diodc and its use as voltage 「egulator.

3. S刷y of ¥I-I & power curves ofsolar celIs・ and find maximuln POWer POint & efficiency.

力　でタ、 _◆「.」..書1」_　_し_」_　」　臆・ .・　　　_　　_、.　.　　-

Stndy lhe ‘癌ous biasing configura'jons of BJ-「 for nomal class A operation.

」〇〇二_　　　　　ノーヽ"-・ .

Study the characteristics ofa BipolaI Junc‘IOl-丁「ansjstor in CE configu「ation.

-〇〇〇　」__　_●臆　　　　　　　●　　　　　　"　●　　　●

desig'一a (削ral-Sistor an-P蝿infa giYel一きaiIl (l-1id-gain) using ‘′Oltage diヽ′ider bias.

S(ud}′ 1l-e frequency response of‘′O-tage g細面RC-COuPled t「ansis‘o「 a]一一P踊er.

design ∂ llIie一一b`・idgc osc冊tor fo】・ gi‘'e‘一hequenry us‘一一g al- OP-al一一P.

dcsig掴I’hase s輔o副a‘o「 o「gi‘C岬C両聞く、l剛、Ing BJ丁

油Id"h● (山車(白°SC帖冊「

dぐsi茎… d`担(O all種log cu-1…岬。・′ゝ(・) 。申、…岬証a(i冊

Slu車中-e細alog (O d酉1al c。=Ye「lo「 (′lD( i直

de鳴れ櫨…、m=lき叩一冊買-S吐く卑)刷`, (「41・判)面dい0-1・1g○ ○手g-、・eIl ga諭

しIe亘l高調in生理,冊高1g O甲周回7掴用崇。d …d)・冊重き岬卑′ 1ぐ甲lヽC

15. To design non-inverting amplifier using Op-amP (74l ’35 1 ) & study its frequency rcsponse

1 6. To study the zero-CroSSing detec書O「 and comparator

亮7. To add `wo dc voltages using Op-amP in inverting and non-inverting mode

て　18. To design a preci§ion D渦erential amplifier ofgiven ro specification using Op-an↑P`

19. To inve§tigate the use ofan op-amP a§ an Integrato「・

一　　20. To investigate the use ofan op-amP aS a Differentiator-　2l. To desi帥a Circuit to simulate the §Olution ofa -sJ2ndOrder differentia- eq面on.

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4.5.6.789--1

憂国 I§PAT AUTONOMOU§ COI,I,EGE, ROURKELA

SEMES獲たR - V

PHrsICS HON’§ - C : XI (CBCS fyuabus)

QuAI¥町UM鵬CHANICS AND APPLIG叩ONS

.‾　　UNIT :. I

∴ Schrodlnger Equaltion and血e Opemtois:--〆てime dependent Schrodinger equa債on and dynamical evolution of a quantun state′ PrOPerties of wave

-∴∴functto叫inte叩eta。on of wave functton・ PrObabiIfty and probab坤y cu町ent densities in three

dimensions・ COndi債OnS for physical acceptabilfty of wave functions・ nOmalization, linearity and

supe巾osition p血iples・ Hermitfan operators・ Eigen values and Eigen fu皿Ctions, POSition, mOmentum

and energy operators. commutator ofposi債on and momentum operators. Expectation values ofposition

and momentum.

r　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(10○○血噌) I

「へ　　UN暮T :- II

r T血e IndependentSchrodlngerEqua債on :-Hamiltonian・ Stationary states and Energy Eigen va-ues, expanSion of an arbitray wave function as a

r linear combination of energy Eigen functtons売eneraI Solution of Time dependent schrodinger Equafron

in Terms oflinear combinatfon ofstationary states. Application to spread ofGaussian wave packet for a

hee particle in one dimension・ Wave packets, Fourier transforms and mome血m space wave functton,

r　-WaVe function ofa free particle, POSition momentum uncertairty principle.

(　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(宣0し飼葉u鵬S〕’

へ　‾uNIT:・III

General Discuss10n Of Bound states血an arbit輪ry potential :一

r∴ continuity of wave function・ boundary condifron and emergence of discrete energy levels, Application to

l-　One dimeusionaI problem - Square Well poten剛quantum mechanics of simple harmonic oscil!ator,

energy levels and energy Eigen functfons′ ground state・ ZerO POint energy and uncertainty principle, One

r dimensjonal infinitely rigid box’energy Eigen values and Eigen functions・ nOma!ization, quantum

-　meChanical tunneling in one dimensional step potential and rectangular potential barrier.

(宣0 Le血購S)

UN!T:・寒V

r Atoms in Elec血ic &Magne鯖c Fields :-

「 EIectron angular momentum・ SPaCe quantizatfon・ electron spin and spin angular momentum, Lamor,s

theorem・ Spin magnetic moment’Stem Gerlach experiment’Zeeman e縦ct’electron magnetic moment

r and magne債c ener顔・ gyrOmagnetic ratio, Bohr magneton, nOmaI and anomalous Zeeman eifect, PaSChen

back and sねrk effect (Qualitative Discussion on切

〔10 」eぐ如鵬S)

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く桑がヂ

UNI富:-重

I§PAT AUTONOMOU§ COLLEGE, ROUR椛LA

SBM融汀ER一V

PHY§ICS HOus - C : XII (CBCS軌labus)

§OLID STATE PHYSIC§

Solids, Amo巾Ous and crystalIine ma料aIs・ lattice translation vectors・ la簡iee wi血a basis - Central and -

J君Thon-Ce巾al e!ements, unit cell・ miller indices・ 。peS.Of Ia簡ces・ Reciprocal lattic両軸ujn zones.

d冊actton ofX高ry by crystal$ Bragg,s Law誰omic and geometrical factor.

(8しec血鵬S)

UNIT:・II

Lattice vih帽tions and phonons, linear monoatomic and diatomic chains・ aCOuStical and optical phonons.

qualitative description of the phonon spectrum in so!ids・ DuIong and Petitis Law. Einstein and Debye _

theories ofspec舶heat ofsoljds, T3 law.

(6Lectures) ‾

Einsteinis A and B coefficients巾et軸ble states, SPOutaneous and stimulaied emissions・ OP債cal pumping -

and populafron inversion帝ree level and four Ievel Iasers. Rudy laser and He-Ne haser.

忙しe書如鵬S)

UN暮T:-III

Dia, Para・ Ferrfand Ferromagnetic material$ Classical Langevin theory of dia and paramagnetic domain? _

Curie’s law・煽ss,s theny of ferromagnetism and ferromagnetic domains・ di§CuSSion of B-H curce,

Hysteresis and energy !oss.

DleIectric prope軸es of血aterials :.　　　　　　　　　　　　　(6 I,eCtureS) -

Po!arization・ Iocal electric fie-d at an atom, depolarization脚・ E書ectric suscep帥描ty po!arizability

Clausius-mOSOtti equatfon・ 。assicaI theny of electric polarizability.

(4看ec如res) ‾

UNIT:・IV

Elememary Band Theory :.

Kronig Peny ModeI・ Band Gap, COnductor’Semiconductor (P and N type〕and insulator, COnductivity of

Semiconducto鴨mOb坤y’HalI effdet meaourement of conductivity 。4 probe method) , H批oeffecient一

Superconductivity :. 〔8暮e〇億res)

Experimental results, C舶cal temperature critical magnetic field, Meissner eff鳴type I and type II

SuPerCOnductors, London短quation and penetration depthrisotope e縦c白dea of BC§血eory恥

Derivation)

(4しe血res〕

PHYSICS-DSE (Discipline Specific Hlective): (4 papers including仙e Project)

DSE-1 `o DSE4 (6 Crcdits cach)

CLASSICAL DYNAM量CS

(Credit§: TlleOry-05, Tutorial-O l)

T!leOry: 50 C!as§e§ (1hr duration)

771e e′I励asおり‘I庇, COL個e高o′I型や妨alio′,S有o $0/vi′一g proble′′,S C!ri′~le′傷口o

p々wic短'. S初de′栂a′e 10 be erawhI!ed oII初e basis qrpIりb/eII鳩, SeeI` a′?d "′?See,I.

Uniト賞

Cla§Sical Mech州ics of Point Parlic!es: Generaljscd coordillatCS and velocitics. Hamilton.s

P「il-Cjple, Lagrangiall and EuleトLagrange equa-iol-S. Applications to simple systems such a§

COuPied oscillators. CanoIlical mome11ta & Hamiltonia!1. Hamiiton-s equaliol-S Of motioil.

Applicalions: Ham紺onian for a hamonic osc川ator, Particle in a central force ficld. Molion of

Cha「gCd particles in extemal electric and magnetic ficlds.　　　　　　　　　(25 Lec(ures)

了へ　　　　　　Uniト賞I

Specia! Theory Of Reia(ivity: Postulates of Special Theory of Relativity. Lorentz

丁rallSfomatiollS. Minkowski space. The invarian白nterva=ight COnC al-d world lines. Space一

…le diagra111S. Time-dilation, Iength contraclion & twin paradox. Four-VeCtOrs: SPaCe-Iike, time一

-　1ikc & =gll山ke. FouトVeiocity aIld acceleraIion. Metric and altemating tensors. Fou同nOmellfum

and c’一Crgy-mOme11tum reIatiol一・ Doppler e鯖ect frol一一a fou[‘ VCCtOr Pe「SpeCtive. Co【1CePt Of fouト

r∴∴∴∴ forcc. Conservation or fouトmOme重ltum. Re看ativislic kine教natics. Application lo two-body decay

ofan Ⅲ1Slablc I)a「ticIc.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(25 Lcctul’eS)

′‾.ヽ,

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一　　PHYSICS-DSE: Nuclear and Particle Physics

(Credits: Theory-05, Tu(Orials-Ol)~　　TlleOry: 50 C萱as§eS (1hr duration)

r Genera- Propertie§ Of Nuc-ei: Con§tituents of nucleus and their lntrinsic properties・ quantitative

fa。Is about mass, radii, Charge den§ity (matter density), binding energy, aVerage binding energy

r　- and its variation with mass number, main fおtures o「binding energy ver§uS maSS number curve・

N/A pIot, angula「 momenlum, Parity, magnetic mon-ent, electric moments・ nuClear excites states.

- Nuclean. Model§: Liquid drop model aI)PrOaCh・ §emi elnPirical mass fomuIa and signifroance of

r ∴∴ its ¥′arious IcmS, C。ndjtion of nuclear s'ab輔y・ tWO皿Cleoll SePara‘ion el-ergies‘ eVidence for

Ili」血ar sllCll strllCturC, nllCiea「 magic numbe「s, basic assu111Plion of shell mode上

Radioaclivity decay:(a) Aipha dccay: basic§ O「 α-decay processes, theolγ Of cl- emission'

(j細。W factor, Gciger Nutta旧aw. (b) P-decay‥ energy kinematics for P-decay. posit「o`一

ell壷sioll, eleclrOn CaPture, neutrino hypothesis. (C) Elementa「y idea ofGamma decay.

Nuclear Reac(ion§: Types of Reactions, Co11Servation Laws’ki11ematics of reactions・ Q-Value・

(25しec(ure

葛」I証-I看

一　　DclecIoI. fo「 Nuclear RadiaIion§: Gas detectors‥ eS‘imation of electric field・ mObility

particIe. ‘br ionizatioI- Chamber and GM Counlcr. Basic prir!Ciple of Scinti11ation Detectors and〈　co11SmlCtion of photo-nlultiplier tube (PMT)・ Semicollductor Detectors (Si and Ge) for charge

i)a面cle and photon dctcction (COl重CePI ofcharge carrier and mobility)・ neutrOn detccto「・一　l)a.(i.lc Acce!erator§: Van-de Graa什genera(Or (TaIldem accelerator), Lincar acceie「ator`

-∴ ‘)′Clutl●On, S)mCl-rOtrOnS.

l,:証ぐ一c申y§ic§: Parh。e interactions; basic fおtures・ t押e§ Of particles and its fam航es.

sy…l-e而es and Conservation Laws‥ energy and momentum・ angula「 momentum・ Parity. baryon

…両cI., LcptoI↑ nu-○1ber, Isospin, Stra-1gel-e§S and 。-a冊Eleme-1ta「y ideas of quarks and

{、∴∴∴gIし10iiS.

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PHYSICS PRACTICAし"C XI 」AB

20 Cla§§e§ (2hr duration)

破0什協c伽♪′ SOル咋振方伽暗p′Ob励sあaざれ桝Qu伽I〃〃I煽加I血伽l. SoIve the s-WaVe ScI廿Odinger equation for the ground stale and the first excited

Sfate or the hydrogen alom:

Here’m is 'he reduced mas§ Ofthe electron. obtain血e energy ejgenvalue§ and p-o'‘ the corresponding wavefunctions. Remember that the ground state energy ofthe

hydrogen atoln is計L3.6 eV. Take e = 3.795 (eVÅ)l′2, hc = 1973 (eVÅ) and m =

0.5i lxIO6 eV/c2.

2. SoIve the s-WaVe radial Schrodinger equation for an atom:

where m is the reduced ma§§ Ofthe sys[em (Which can be chosen to be the mass of

an electron), for the釘eened coulomb potential

- Find the cnergy (in eV) ofthe ground §tate Ofthe atom to an accuracy ofthree

significant digits. AIso. p-ot the conesponding wavefunction. Take e = 3.795

(eVÅ)l12, m=0.5=x106 eV/c2, anda= 3'Å, 5 Å, 7 Å・ In the§eunits hc = 1973

(eVÅ). The ground stale ene「gy is expected to be above -12 eV in a11 three cases.

3. SoIve the s-WaVe radial Sch「odinger equation for a particle ofmass m:

For the anhamonic oscillator potential

for the ground state energy (in MeV) ofparticle to an accuracy ofthree significal-t

digits. AIso, PIot the corresponding wave func‘ion・ Choose m = 940 MeV/c2・ k = 100

MeV fro-2, b = 0, 10, 30 MeV血o-3In ‘hese units, Ch = 197.3 MeV血. The ground

state energy I expected to lie between 90 and =0 MeV for all three cases.

4. SoIve the s-≠′aVe radial Schrodinger equation for the vibrations ofhydrogen

moleculc:

Wl-ere両s the reduced mass of the two-a(Om Sy§tem for the Morse potential

Find the lowest vibrational ene「gy (in MeV) ofthe molecule to an accuracy of

血ce significant digits. AIso pIot the corresponding wave function.

丁ake‥ m= 940x106eV/C2. D=0.75550l eV, Q= l.44, rO = 0.131349 Å

Labo「a(Ory l)aSed experiment§:

5. S'udy o「EIcctrot- SPin rcsonance- de'emine magnetic field as a functio鴨o伸し

「e§OIl…CC什equcれcy

6. St叫′ O「 Zee-m一一e柾cい、柚c証e「nal ma印etic field; Hype血e sl)冊ng

了-「(、高)¥、而1旧・高畠〈証c=t=…冊I d高士c頂-農芸!-V ch釦継ぐlc壷1ics・

・、、上申・・ ・高・’=言言　　、 i,・ -

具富ま斧だ.宮森雪㌻∵:-・

PHYSIC S SOLID STATE

20 Classe§ (2hr duration)

pHYSICS Cp沖両

1. Measuremふof susceptibility of paramagnetic solution (Quinck‘s Tube Me血od)

2 , To measure the Magnetic susceptibility of Solids.

3. To detemine血e Coupling Coe鮪cient of a Piezoelectric crystal.

4. To measure the Dielectric Constant of a dielectric Materials w皿fiequency

5. To detemine the comp-ex dielectric constant and plasma frequency of metal using Surface

Plasmon resonance (SPR)

6. To detemine the refractive index ofa dielecthc layer using SPR

7. To study 'he PE Hystcresis loop ofa Ferroelectric Crystal・

8. To study the BH curve of iron using a Solenoid and detemine the energy loss.

9. To measure the resisti、′ity of a semiconductor (Ge) crystal with temperature by fouトPrObe

method (room temperature to 1 50 oC) and to detemine its band gap.

10. To detemine the Hall coe怖cient ofa semiconductor sample.

. Advanced Practical Phy§ics for stndents, B.L. Flint and H.T・ Worsnop・ 197l , Asia Publishing

・ Advanced level Physics Practicals, Michael Nelson and Jon M. Ogbom, 4th Edition・ rePrinted

1 985, Heinemam Educational Publishers. A Text Book ofPractical Physics, I.Prakash & Ramakrishna・ l l'h Edn.・ 201 l’Kitab Mahal

. Elements ofSolid State Physics, J.P. Srivas‘ava’2nd Ed.' 2006’Prentice-Hall of India

l

-一一---一一--一一一----一一-----一一一------一------〇一一-------- --一一-‾

r semeste「 VI

一一一-----一一一一一一-一一--一一---〇一一一一-〇一一--一一---------一一

でpHYSICS-C XIII: EIノECTROMAGNETIC THEORY

(Crcdits: Theory-04, Practic種ls-02)

rl llCOry: 40 Ctasses (lhr duration)

ヽ面ヽ・。l中値u-S諏`持Well・s cquatio重1記sPIacc宣nen- C`lrl.Cnt. Vcctor ar-d Sci.la「 Potc11しIals

. "きC rranSfo「rrrations: LoreI-tZ and CoしIlol一一b Gaugc. Bounda「y Col-ditioIIS at IIutCrface

柄CCll DifftJrCl-t Med'種・ Wavc EqしIatiollS" Planc Wa‘,eS in DicIcc‘llC Media. Po)軸喝Tl‘C…1

生口)∪叫1汗ノcclし)上ElecllO---ag証側)巨一噂。eIIS時-,-1y謝⊂…-,1 0f’

上川、Ill岬1elic 「ie-d加cl・gy Dc)1Si(y・

二、, 、、両.,。l,。ga,i。t- in Unbounded h`edia: PlallC Eh・l ‘VaVCS血ougl一、’aCuun‘ a両ol「Olne主点hc nlCdium了ranSVcrSe natu「e Ofplanc EM ‘VaVeS’relinc'一Ve i…Jc掴nd di。cclric constill〕ll

臆臆工..、..▲、　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(12 l ・eC†…や、、両皿甲d即-Cぐ・

血)ug一‥Ol-dしICting ‘一一ediil‘ 「elaxallOll胴le. SK… U甲’““ ’‾“、’“′、‥〉“““ ‾‾.‾‾-_‾

車ma freqllenぐy` 「C什ilCtivc index・ SLi-1 dcpth言叩串c種tion to propagatron tl-l-Oし一gh

へし●両-書l ., _1、.ハ.、′l.、詰n.=mdiiし. 「eしaxalioll tilne. Ski一一d叩th・航c‘「ical col-dしIC面1y u(、▲1臆　　____-l.

一.高′C(l gこISCS. IヽlaSl調a l「ヒ|l`lC.’ivy‘ ’し●’L‘‾、““‾ -‾‾_‾　‾

今時l五、・C il再u‘l一一de。 Mcdiれ: Boul-dary co’‘冊s掴Plune血e-fro be‘、Vee置一…両

一冊ct10Il皮Rcfracしion o伸一C ‘Va、・CS時一l-C it、Ic而c bc一≠・CCl一‘“.o d-elcet一・lC n南-し・…」、

油c面l & l融rdCtio両CS-1C旧)l|一両c Ich pcl・PC-1dlCu-a唖l”一l‘lllc申Iar融O-ヽ …C``

陳wsler‘s law. Rcflection & Tra一一SmissioII COC量ncicn‘s. l`o‘al intemal rencct-Oll, eVanCSCenl

(画一Fibres:- Numerical ∧perturC. Stcp al-d Grade冊ces (。cfinitions O一}Iy)" S…glc m-d

剛il即1ode Fibres (Concept a一一d Definition Only).　　　　　(重4しcc'urcS)

寒冊融on or EIcctromagne(ic Wa▼eS: Dcscription of Linear' Circular and E岬CaI

_ l血Iizatio重l・ Propagation of E.M. Waves in Anisotropic Media. Symmctric Na‘ul.C Of Di。ectric

l「…0南IIClrs Itormula. Uniaxial and Biaxial Cryslals・ Ligl-t Propaga'ioI- in U一読al Crystal.

_ 。ouble Rcfroction. Polariza'ion by Double Refraction・ NicoI Prism. O「dinary & extrao「dina「y

_藍藻豊晋諾豊善書霊藍黒器誓書_ Rotatory Polarization: Optical Rotation. Biot・s Laws for Rotatory Polarization・ Fl.CSnel‘s Theory

(両Cal rowh. Calculation of angle of rotatio再xpcrirIlel-tal verificatio一一Of Fresncl’s

工IICOry Spccific rotation.しaurent's ha圃ade polarimctcr.　　　　(14 Lectu一・e§)

pHYSICS_C XIV; STATIST寒CAL MECHAN賞CS

ー(Credit§; TlleOr),一04, Practicals-02)

r TllCOry: 40 Classes (1h賞・ {luration)

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(4) Wicll・s DispIacel-1e-両w ho-n Planck’s law.　　　　　　　　(]3 Lcctu「e絡)r“

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furL証on, degcIlarate Femligas’Dcnsi‘y OfStates' Fcmi energy.　　　(13 Lectures)′

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PHYSICS-DSE: Nano MateriaIs and AppIications

(Credil§: Theory-05, Tuto置・ial-Ol )

丁heory: 50 CIa§§eS (lhr duration)

ヽ種no§Cale Sy§(ems: Length §Cale§ in physjcs・ Nanos血CtureS‥ lD, 2D and 3D nanos血ctures

血modots’thin創ms・ nanOwires, nanOrod§)・ Band structure and density of state§ Of materials at

nanoscale, Size E熊cts in nano system§タQuantum confinement: Applica↓ious of Schrodinger

叫ation- In軸e potential wel!, PO(ential s`ep・ POtential box, quantum COnfuement of carriers in

"・ 2D・ lD nanos血CtureS and its consequences.

S申he§i§ Of Nano§(ructure Ma書e血Is: Top down and Bottom up approach・ Photolithography.

軸m輔ng. Gas phase condensation. Vacuum depo§i(ion. Physica- vapor deposition (PVD):

Themal evaporation・ E-beam evaporation’Pu-sed Laser deposition. Chelnical vapor depo§ition

(CVD). SoトGel. Electro deposition. Spray pyrolysis" Hydrothemal synthesis. Preparatio11

thJOugh colloidal methods. MBE growth of qua皿m dots.

UniトII(25しectu「es)

CllaraClerization: X-Ray D冊action・ Optica- Microscopy. scaming Electron Microscopy.

Transmission Electron Micro§COPy. Atomic Force Microscopy. scanning Tumeling Micro§COPy.

AppIicalion§: Applications of nanoparticles, quantum dots, nanOWires and lhi11 films for

Photonic devices (LED・ SOla「 ceIIs). Singlc elect「on device§ (no derivation). CNT based

[ransisto「s. Nanonlaterial Devices: Quan‘u`n do‘§ hetel・OS血Cture Iasers, OPtical switc両ng aIld

OPtical dala storage. Magnetic quanlum weI鳥magnetjc dots - magne'ic data storage. Mjcro

ElectromecIla重1ical Syslems (MEMS)・ Nano Electromechanica- Systems (NEMS).

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i)　LCD PrQjecto「

ii)　Ove「 head Prpjecto「

iii)　Stoke’sApparatus

iv)　Newton’s RingApparatus

V) l巾Ode VaIve Apparatus

vi)　Transistors

vii)　De-Sauty帥dge

¥葡) Spectromete「

的　Mun殖eter

X)　TeIescope

X”　Kate「sPenduIum

X裾)　し-C-RBridge

X“i)　LogicGates

Xiv〉　PN Junction Apparatus

XV) Jouie’s Caiorimete「

Xvi) PhysicaI Balance

Xwi) R-C CoupIed Amplifie「

×Viii) Helium Discharge Tube

油X) G愉t血g

XX)　Spectromete「 Prism

XXi〉　Charging & Discharging Apparatus

XXii) Ba冊stic Gaivanomete「

XXiii) Potentio Meter

XXiv) Sonomete「

XXV) Meter Bridge

X)wi) Barton’s Apparatus

XXvii) Ba「 Pendulum

XXviii) KohIau「sh’s Apparatus

XXix) ECE Apparatus

XXX) Poisien’s ratio Appa略tuS

XXXj) TraveIing Mieroscope