FFLC001 036 063 SN TE 895429.indd38 Page 38 …...Earth’s Water 97% ocean salt water 3% 30% 69% 87% 1% fresh surface water 11% 2% The Hydrosphere I found this on page . I found this

Benc

hmar

k Pr

actic

eIn

quir

y La

bCh

apte

r Rev

iew

No

te-t

ak

ing

Stud

y G

uide

Copyright ©

Glencoe/M

cGraw

-Hill, a division of T

he McG

raw-H

ill Com

panies, Inc.

Note-taking continuedBe

nchm

ark

Prac

tice

Inqu

iry

Lab

Chap

ter R

evie

wN

ote

-ta

kin

gSt

udy

Gui

de

Copyright ©

Glencoe/M

cGraw


he McG

raw-H

ill Com

panies, Inc.Lesson 1 Earth Systems

LA.6.2.2.3, SC.6.E.7.4, SC.6.N.1.5, MA.6.A.3.6

Skim or scan the heading, boldfaced words, and pictures in the lesson. Identify or predict three facts you will learn from the lesson. Discuss your thoughts with a classmate.

NGSSS Check

What is the composition of the atmosphere? SC.6.E.7.4

Differentiate materials that make up Earth’s 4 systems.

Contents

of Earth

Systems

Describe the composition of the biosphere.

Characterize the composition of the atmosphere.

Part of the Atmosphere Details (in dry air)

78%

21%

1%

Other contents••

Detail the layers of the atmosphere. Provide one detail for each bullet in the table below.

Layer Description

Exosphere••

Thermosphere •

Mesosphere •

Stratosphere••

Troposphere•••

What is Earth?I found this on page .

I found this on page .

The AtmosphereI found this on page .


38 Our Planet—Earth

The atmosphere contains a

mixture of gases, including

nitrogen and oxygen, and solid

particles, such as dust.

the system that contains all the living things on Earth

nitrogen

oxygen

other (trace) gases

water vapor

solid particles

lowest density of gas molecules

next to outer space

temperatures increase

temperatures decrease

flat layers of stable gases

contains the ozone layer

bottom layer, at Earth’s surface

most of the atmosphere’s mass

where weather occurs

air

water

the solid Earth

living things

Sample details are shown.

9

10

11

12

C001_036_063_SN_895428.indd Page 38 6/17/10 1:34:11 PM u-082 /Volumes/116/GO00654/SCIENCE/FLORIDA/SE/MY_I-SCIENCE_NTBK/Course1/007_895428_2_P1


FLC001_036_063_SN_TE_895429.indd38 Page 38 8/19/10 10:40:18 AM s-83FLC001_036_063_SN_TE_895429.indd38 Page 38 8/19/10 10:40:18 AM s-83/Volumes/116/GO00654/MIDDLE_SCHOOL_SCIENCE_12/FLORIDA/TE/MY_I-SCIENCE_NTBK/007_895429_0_P1.../Volumes/116/GO00654/MIDDLE_SCHOOL_SCIENCE_12/FLORIDA/TE/MY_I-SCIENCE_NTBK/007_895429_0_

PDF Pass

Cop

yrig

ht ©

Gle

ncoe

/McG

raw

-Hill

, a d

ivis

ion

of T

he M

cGra

w-H

ill C

ompa

nies

, Inc

.

Benchmark Practice

Inquiry LabChapter Review

No

te-ta

kin

gStudy G

uide

Note-taking continuedBenchm

ark PracticeInquiry Lab

Chapter ReviewN

ote

-tak

ing

Study Guide

Cop

yrig

ht ©

Gle

ncoe

/McG

raw

-Hill

, a d

ivis

ion

of T

he M

cGra

w-H

ill C

ompa

nies

, Inc

.Lesson 1 | Earth Systems (continued)

Organize information about the hydrosphere.

Location:•

•

•

•

Hydrosphere State (form):•

•

•Total amount:

Characterize the world ocean.

Percent of Earth’s water:

How water flows:

Type of reservoir:

Type of water:

World

Ocean

Diagram the distribution of Earth’s water throughout the hydrosphere.

Earth’s Water 97% ocean salt water

3% 30%

69%

1% fresh surface water87%

11%

2%

The HydrosphereI found this on page .



Our Planet—Earth 39

on the surface

in atmosphere

in biosphere

below the

surface

1.3 billion km3

solid

liquid

gas

97

freely throughout

largest on Earth

salty

freshwater

in lakes

in swamps

in rivers

ice caps and

glaciers

groundwater

13

13

13




PDF Pass

Benc

hmar

k Pr

actic

eIn

quir

y La

bCh

apte

r Rev

iew

No

te-t

ak

ing

Stud

y G

uide

Copyright ©

Glencoe/M

cGraw


he McG

raw-H

ill Com

panies, Inc.


nchm

ark

Prac

tice

Inqu

iry

Lab

Chap

ter R

evie

wN

ote

-ta

kin

gSt

udy

Gui

de

Copyright ©

Glencoe/M

cGraw


he McG

raw-H

ill Com

panies, Inc.Lesson 1 | Earth Systems (continued)

Relate how Earth’s surface reservoirs are supplied with water.

help to supply

State how people can get freshwater where there is no accessible surface water.

Characterize the geosphere.

Geosphere

Definition:

Layers:•

•

Location:

Materials:•

•

•

Restate the 5 characteristics of minerals.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.




The GeosphereI found this on page .


rain and snowrivers and lakes

the solid part of

Earth

on land and

beneath oceans

soil and broken

rock material

underlying rock

soil

rock

metal

They can drill wells down into layers of rock that contain

groundwater.

naturally occurring

inorganic

solid

crystal structure

definite chemical composition

14

15

14

15




PDF Pass

Cop

yrig

ht ©

Gle

ncoe

/McG

raw

-Hill

, a d

ivis

ion

of T

he M

cGra

w-H

ill C

ompa

nies

, Inc

.

Benchmark Practice


No

te-ta

kin

gStudy G

uide



Chapter ReviewN

ote

-tak

ing

Study Guide

Cop

yrig

ht ©

Gle

ncoe

/McG

raw

-Hill

, a d

ivis

ion

of T

he M

cGra

w-H

ill C

ompa

nies

, Inc

.Lesson 1 | Earth Systems (continued)

Record five physical properties used to identify minerals.

1. 4.

2. 5.

3.

Describe the formation of 3 types of rocks.

Igneous Rocks

Formation:

Sedimentary Rocks

Formation:

Metamorphic Rocks

Formation:

Elaborate on the structure of Earth’s geosphere.

Layer Description

Crust

• Oceanic

• Continental

Mantle

Core

• Inner

• Outer

Synthesize It Explain one way that you interact with each of the four Earth systems discussed in Lesson 1.



NGSSS Check

What are the composition and the structure of the geosphere? SC.6.E.7.4



The crust is solid. The mantle

is made of partially melted

rock. The core is made of iron

and nickel.

Accept all reasonable responses. Sample answer: I am living, so I am part of the

biosphere. I live on land and use materials from Earth’s geosphere. I need freshwater

to stay alive; I also carry part of Earth’s hydrosphere in my body. The air I breathe

comes from Earth’s atmosphere.

Molten

material cools

and hardens.

Layers of

sediment are

compressed

and then

cemented

together.

Extreme

temperatures

and pressure

change

existing rock

into new rock.

brittle outer layer

thinner, denser, only igneous rock

under soil; made of all kinds of rock

middle, largest layer; hotter and denser

than crust; flows in some places

center; iron with some nickel

solid iron

liquid

color

hardness

crystal shape

streak

luster

15

16

17




PDF Pass

Benc

hmar

k Pr

actic

eIn

quir

y La

bCh

apte

r Rev

iew

No

te-t

ak

ing

Stud

y G

uide

Copyright ©

Glencoe/M

cGraw


he McG

raw-H

ill Com

panies, Inc.


nchm

ark

Prac

tice

Inqu

iry

Lab

Chap

ter R

evie

wN

ote

-ta

kin

gSt

udy

Gui

de

Copyright ©

Glencoe/M

cGraw


he McG

raw-H

ill Com

panies, Inc.Interactions of Earth SystemsLesson 2

LA.6.2.2.3, SC.6.E.6.1, SC.6.E.7.2, SC.6.E.7.4, SC.6.E.7.6, SC.6.N.1.1, SC.6.N.3.4

Skim or scan the heading, boldfaced words, and pictures in the lesson. Identify or predict three facts you will learn from the lesson. Discuss your thoughts with a classmate.

2

4

31

Order the relationship between thermal energy and the physical state of water.

Condensation Evaporation

water vapor

liquid water

thermal energy absorbed

Interpret the illustration of the water cycle. Use the terms to the right of the picture in your explanations.

• hydrosphere• atmosphere• geosphere• biosphere

Description of Water Cycle Processes

1.

2.

3.

4.

The Water CycleI found this on page .



Liquid water in the hydrosphere evaporates into the

atmosphere and condenses to form clouds.

Precipitation falls from the atmosphere to the surface

of the geosphere.

water vapor

liquid water

Transpiration and respiration from organisms in the

biosphere release water vapor into the atmosphere.

Sample answers are

shown.

Water flows over the surface of the geosphere and

flows into lakes and oceans; some soaks into the

ground.

thermal energy released

21

22

C001_036_063_SN_895428.indd Page 42 6/18/10 1:41:58 PM s81 /Volumes/116/GO00654/SCIENCE/FLORIDA/SE/MY_I-SCIENCE_NTBK/Course1/007_895428_2_P1



PDF Pass

Cop

yrig

ht ©

Gle

ncoe

/McG

raw

-Hill

, a d

ivis

ion

of T

he M

cGra

w-H

ill C

ompa

nies

, Inc

.

Benchmark Practice


No

te-ta

kin

gStudy G

uide



Chapter ReviewN

ote

-tak

ing

Study Guide

Cop

yrig

ht ©

Gle

ncoe

/McG

raw

-Hill

, a d

ivis

ion

of T

he M

cGra

w-H

ill C

ompa

nies

, Inc

.Lesson 2 | Interactions of Earth Systems (continued)

NGSSS Check

How do Earth systems interact in the water cycle? SC.6.E.7.4

NGSSS Check

How does weather show interactions of Earth systems? SC.6.E.7.4

Explain five processes that occur within the water cycle.

Process Explanation

Evaporation

Transpiration

Respiration

Condensation

Precipitation

Describe factors that influence weather.

Factor Description

Air temperature

Air pressure

Wind

Humidity

Relate how weather is influenced by conditions in the geosphere and the hydrosphere.

Changes in the

AtmosphereI found this on page .



The hydrosphere provides

much of the water for cloud

formation and precipitation in

the atmosphere. Air masses

take on the characteristics of

the area over which they form,

such as a hot, dry desert.

Water moves between the

hydrosphere, cryosphere,

atmosphere, biosphere, and

geosphere through the

processes of evaporation,

condensation, transpiration,

and precipitation.

Accept all reasonable responses. Sample answer: Air

masses take on the characteristics of the areas over which

they form. Therefore, weather is determined by an air

mass’s formation over land or water and the warmth or

coolness of that land or water.

Liquid water changes into gas.

Plants release water vapor through

their pores.

Animals release water vapor from their

lungs when they breathe.

Water vapor changes to liquid water.

Moisture falls from clouds to Earth’s

surface.

average amount of energy produced

by the motion of air molecules

the force exerted by air molecules in

all directions

the movement of air caused by

differences in air pressure

the amount of water vapor in a given

volume of air

22

24




PDF Pass

Benc

hmar

k Pr

actic

eIn

quir

y La

bCh

apte

r Rev

iew

No

te-t

ak

ing

Stud

y G

uide

Copyright ©

Glencoe/M

cGraw


he McG

raw-H

ill Com

panies, Inc.


nchm

ark

Prac

tice

Inqu

iry

Lab

Chap

ter R

evie

wN

ote

-ta

kin

gSt

udy

Gui

de

Copyright ©

Glencoe/M

cGraw


he McG

raw-H

ill Com

panies, Inc.Lesson 2 | Interactions of Earth Systems (continued)

Differentiate weather from climate.

Weather Climate

Sequence cause and effect in the formation of a rain shadow.

Windward side of a mountain:

Result:

Climate:

Result:Air that crosses to the leeward side is

.

Leeward side climate:

Organize information about the rock cycle.

Definition: Material in the cycle:•

•

•

•

•

Rock Cycle

Takes place in:

;Is affected by:



The Rock CycleI found this on page .


Warm,

wet air

rises and

cools.

clouds

and

precipi-

tation

wet

dry

dry

the state of the

atmosphere at a certain

place and time

the average weather

pattern for a region over

a long period of time

series of

processes that

transport and

continually

change rocks

into different

forms

igneous rock

sedimentary

rock

metamorphic

rock

sediment

magma

the geosphere

Earth’s other systems

26

25

25




PDF Pass

Cop

yrig

ht ©

Gle

ncoe

/McG

raw

-Hill

, a d

ivis

ion

of T

he M

cGra

w-H

ill C

ompa

nies

, Inc

.

Benchmark Practice


No

te-ta

kin

gStudy G

uide



Chapter ReviewN

ote

-tak

ing

Study Guide

Cop

yrig

ht ©

Gle

ncoe

/McG

raw

-Hill

, a d

ivis

ion

of T

he M

cGra

w-H

ill C

ompa

nies

, Inc

.Lesson 2 | Interactions of Earth Systems (continued)

Explain the processes in the rock cycle. Use these terms in your explanations.

• hydrosphere • atmosphere • geosphere • biosphere

Process Explanation

Cooling

Crystallization

Uplift

Weathering

Erosion

Deposition

Compaction

Cementation

Infer why the atmosphere, the biosphere, and the hydrosphere do not influence metamorphic rock formation.

Analyze It Suppose you are walking to school in the rain. You notice muddy water running down a hill into an animal’s burrow. Explain the interactions in this example between each of the Earth systems.






NGSSS Check

How do Earth systems interact in the rock cycle? SC.6.E.7.4


The atmosphere, biosphere,

and hydrosphere interact with

the geosphere through

weathering, erosion, and

deposition.

Magma inside the geosphere erupts

as lava and cools at Earth’s surface.

Minerals from groundwater crystallize

between grains of compressed

sediment and cement them together.

Metamorphic rock forms deep beneath Earth’s surface.

Accept all reasonable responses. Sample answer: Weather, which occurs in the

atmosphere, is causing rain to fall. The water, part of the hydrosphere, is carrying

sediment down the hill; the sediment and hill are both part of the geosphere. The

sediment and water in the animal’s burrow will cause the animal, part of the

biosphere, to have to repair its home. As it digs, the animal is changing geosphere.

Mineral crystals form as liquid rock

cools.

Large bodies of Earth material are

moved to higher elevations.

Factors in the atmosphere, the

hydrosphere and the biosphere break

rock into sediment.

Wind, water, and glaciers carry

sediment to new locations.

Eroded sediments are deposited in

new places.

The weight of layers of sediment

presses down on layers below.

26

26

26

27

27




PDF Pass

Cop

yrig

ht ©

Gle

ncoe

/McG

raw

-Hill

, a d

ivis

ion

of T

he M

cGra

w-H

ill C

ompa

nies

, Inc

.

Benchmark Practice


Note-taking

Stu

dy

Gu

ide

Study Guide

Benchmark Practice


Note-taking

Stu

dy

Gu

ide

Cop

yrig

ht ©

Gle

ncoe

/McG

raw

-Hill

, a d

ivis

ion

of T

he M

cGra

w-H

ill C

ompa

nies

, Inc

.

Name Date Class

Study Guide

Use VocabularyUse the vocabulary from the chapter to complete the sentences or answer the statements below.

1. The Earth system containing all living things is the .

2. Use the term mineral in a sentence.

3. Distinguish between rocks and minerals.

4. Conditions in the atmosphere at a given time and place are called .

5. Define the word uplift in your own words.

6. Distinguish between condensation and precipitation.

Link Vocabulary and Key ConceptsUse vocabulary terms from the chapter to complete the concept map below.

Earth systems

7. 9.8. 10. 11.

The

is a mixtureof gases

surrounding Earth.

The

contains Earth’s frozen water.

The

contains Earth’s liquid water.

The

contains allliving things.

The

is the solidpart of Earth.

interact in the12.

15.

13. 14.

16.

through the processes of

17.

through the processes of

weathering erosion

deposition



Use Vocabulary

1. biosphere

2. Sample answer: Rocks are made of minerals.

3. Rocks are naturally occurring solids composed of minerals, rock fragments, and organic matter or glass. Minerals are naturally occurring, inorganic solids that have crystal structures and definite chemical compositions.

4. weather

5. Sample answer: Uplift is the process that moves Earth materials to higher elevations.

6. Condensation occurs when a gas changes into a liquid. Precipitation occurs when water falls from clouds to Earth’s surface.

Link Vocabulary and Key Concepts

7. atmosphere

8. cryosphere

9. hydrosphere

10. biosphere

11. geosphere

12. water cycle

13.–16. evaporation/transpiration/condensation/precipitation

17. rock cycle



PDF Pass

Copyright ©

Glencoe/M

cGraw


he McG

raw-H

ill Com

panies, Inc.

Benc

hmar

k Pr

actic

eIn

quir

y La

bC

ha

pte

r R

ev

iew

Not

e-ta

king

Stud

y G

uide

Chapter 1 Review

Benc

hmar

k Pr

actic

eIn

quir

y La

bC

ha

pte

r R

ev

iew

Not

e-ta

king

Stud

y G

uide

Copyright ©

Glencoe/M

cGraw


he McG

raw-H

ill Com

panies, Inc.

Name Date Class

Understand Key Concepts Circle the correct answer below.

Chapter 1 Review

1. Which are two characteristics of minerals? SC.6.E.6.1

A. artificial and organicB. liquid and gasC. living and inorganicD. solid and natural

2. What are the major gases of the atmosphere? SC.6.E.7.4

A. carbon dioxide and water vaporB. nitrogen and carbon dioxideC. nitrogen and oxygenD. oxygen and water vapor

3. Which reservoir holds the largest amount of freshwater? SC.6.E.7.4

A. groundwater C. lakesB. ice D. rivers

4. The diagram below shows the water cycle. Which number represents precipitation? SC.6.E.7.2

32

41

A. 1 C. 3B. 2 D. 4

5. In which layer of the atmosphere does weather occur? SC.6.E.7.2

A. hydrosphereB. mesosphereC. stratosphereD. troposphere

6. What does the hydrosphere contain? SC.6.E.7.4

A. airB. plantsC. soilD. water

7. The diagram below shows the layers of the atmosphere. The arrow is pointing to which layer? SC.6.E.7.4

500

120

110

100

90

80

Alt

itu

de

(km

)

Temperature (°C)

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

–100 –80 –60 –40 –20 20 400 600 80000

A. troposphereB. mesosphereC. stratosphereD. exosphere

8. What is the middle layer of the geosphere? SC.6.E.7.4

A. inner coreB. crustC. mantleD. core

9. Rocks are classified according to . SC.6.E.6.1

A. color.B. formation.C. size.D. structure.



Understand Key Concepts

1. D. solid and natural

2. C. nitrogen and oxygen

3. B. ice

4. C. 3

5. D. troposphere

6. D. water

7. B. mesosphere

8. C. mantle

9. B. formation



PDF Pass

Documents

FFLC001 036 063 SN TE 895429.indd38 Page 38 …...Earth’s Water 97% ocean salt water 3% 30% 69% 87% 1% fresh surface water 11% 2% The Hydrosphere I found this on page . I found this