Final Estimates Level 2 - CTQP Home Pagectqpflorida.com/books/pdf/Final Estimates 2/07-Mod_05-Earthwork...adjustments to plan quantity items will be made in accordance with FDOT Standard

11/1/2017 FDOT Final Estimates Level 2 Release 11, Module 5–1

Florida Department of

TRANSPORTATION

Final Estimates Level 2

Module 5: Earthwork Computations

Module 5- Earthwork

5 - 1


November 2017


• Basic Earthwork Terminology

• Pay item Descriptions

• Earthwork Requirements

• Earthwork Records

• Earthwork Records Processing

• Earthwork Calculations

• Example

Module Content

Module 5- Earthwork

5 - 2


November 2017


• Bench Mark

• Temporary Bench Mark

• Baseline

• Terrain

• Template

Basic Earthwork Terminology

• Cross Section

• Limits

• End Area

• Shoaling

Module 5- Earthwork

5 - 3


November 2017



Plan Bench Mark (BM)

• A vertical reference point depicted on the original plans

• A Bench Run is a set of levels to check the accuracy of the plan bench mark elevations

• Without a Bench Mark Run, quantity disputes could be questionable

Module 5- Earthwork

5 - 4


Survey data used to generate quantities must tie to a Plan Bench Mark or the data is questionable and unverifiable.

A Bench Run should be done even if the survey is waived to ensure bench mark elevations shown in the plans are accurate.

A bench run checks the levels from the first to the last bench mark on the project, turning through all existing bench marks, without adjusting H.I.’s or “correcting up” for any differences at individual benches. All checks need to close within third order accuracy. Third Order Accuracy requires the closure to be within:

0.05 Distance in Miles

Reference Construction Project Administration Manual (CPAM) 5.16 for additional information.

November 2017



Temporary Bench Mark (TBM)• A vertical reference point used temporarily in addition to a Plan Bench Mark

• TBMs must tie to known reference point (i.e., Plan Bench Marks)

Module 5- Earthwork

5 - 5


Provide a reference to the Field Book and page where the TBM was originally established.

A temporary bench mark is set in something out of the construction path, is stable and will not move, such as a nail in a tree.

Temporary Bench Marks (T.B.M.) should be set only after the project check levels have been completed. Check levels shall be accomplished by running a complete level circuit beginning at one of the project bench marks, to the T.B.M. and back to the project bench marks or to another established project bench mark. Third order accuracy is required.

November 2017



Baseline• The vertical line on a cross section where measurements begin

Baseline Survey

Centerline Construction

Module 5- Earthwork

5 - 6


• Left of Baseline Negative (-)

• Right of Baseline Positive (+)

• Know the Earthwork Baselines of the Project

Note: Baseline (BL) Survey and Centerline (CL) Construction may or may not be the same.

November 2017


Terrain• A line which depicts the original ground before

construction. There are two types:

− Plan Terrain

− Pre‐Construction Terrain


Plan Terrain

Module 5- Earthwork

5 - 7


The Project Administrator will determine by inspection which terrain is correct. Any adjustments to plan quantity items will be made in accordance with FDOT Standard Specifications 9-3.2. Field measured items will be paid according to installed quantity.

The Pre-Construction Terrain Line is used when the Department or the Contractor have determined that the Plan Terrain line is different from the Pre-Construction Terrain Line. If a deviation exists between the Plan Terrain Line and the Pre-Construction Survey Terrain Line, the latter will replace the Plan Terrain Line at the cross section stations. The contractor should be notified and should concur with the change to pre-construction terrain through a pre-construction survey letter. Refer to CPAM 5.16 for an example.

Cross sections to verify the Plan Terrain Line, when required, must be taken before the clearing and grubbing operation to adequately address existing terrain conditions at full station locations shown in the plans.

November 2017



Template• A line which specifies to the Contractor how to construct the earthwork at a station

• Template may be above or below the terrain

Module 5- Earthwork

5 - 8


• Excavation = Template below Terrain

• Embankment = Template above Terrain

November 2017



Cross Section• A view of the project cut at a particular station to show the details at that location

Module 5- Earthwork

5 - 9


Cross sections show both the surveyed terrain and the template at one location. This helps visual the earthwork needed and calculate quantities.

November 2017



Limits

• Defined boundary for earthwork placement and/or payment

Module 5- Earthwork

5 - 10


November 2017



End Area

• The cross‐sectional area of a shape (the area of the end of the shape)

Module 5- Earthwork

5 - 11


November 2017



Shoaling• Shoaling is a shallow or less deep area of a channel due to material carried by the waters action.

Module 5- Earthwork

5 - 12


Subarticle 7-8.2 of the Specifications:

Contractor shall maintain the channel section from shoaling or other encroachment until final acceptance of the project.

November 2017


Pay Item Descriptions

• Plan Quantity Items– Regular Excavation (120‐1 and 120‐71)– Lateral Ditch Excavation (120‐3)– Embankment (120‐6)

• Final Measure Items– Borrow Excavation (120‐2)– Subsoil Excavation (120‐4)– Channel Excavation (120‐5)

Module 5- Earthwork

5 - 13


There are pay items to account for the different areas of cut and fill needed on a projects.

November 2017



Regular Excavation• Excavation and utilization or disposal of material necessary for construction of the roadway, ditches, ponds, etc.

Module 5- Earthwork

5 - 14


November 2017



Regular Excavation • Cut material below natural ground to the finished grading template

Module 5- Earthwork

5 - 15


November 2017



Subsoil Excavation• Excavation and disposal of unsuitable existing material below the finished grading template

• Subsoil excavation under the roadway must be backfilled with a suitable material

Module 5- Earthwork

5 - 16


November 2017



Subsoil Excavation • Cut material ‐ from the finished grading template or original ground, whichever is lower, to the lower limits of removal of organic or plastic material

Any suitable material required to be removed to access the unsuitable material will be included in the subsoil quantity.

Module 5- Earthwork

5 - 17


November 2017



• Embankment– Earthwork material needed

to construct the roadway

– This item is used when fill is necessary and cross sections are available

• Borrow Excavation– Earthwork material

furnished by the Contractor

– This item is used when fill is necessary and cross sections are limited or unavailable

Module 5- Earthwork

5 - 18


Usually when a truck measured borrow pay item is used on a project, there will not be an embankment pay item. Verify in the contract.

These items will include the quantity of fill required for all subsoil excavation.

November 2017



Embankment

Material used in the stabilized subgrade

Fill material placed above natural ground terrain

Backfill of authorized subsoil excavation

If the Engineer of Record (EOR) included estimated subsoil in plan quantity, then the estimated quantity must be subtracted and the actual quantity added to the embankment quantity.

This quantity could also be subtracted from the embankment total.

Borrow is typically used on projects with minimal earthwork, but this diagram and terms apply to borrow as well.

Module 5- Earthwork

5 - 19


November 2017



• Lateral Ditch Excavation– Excavation of inlets and outlet ditches to structures

and roadway– Changes in channels of streams and ditches parallel to

the roadway right‐of‐way

• Channel Excavation– Removal and disposal of material from the limits of a

channel in accordance with the Plans

Module 5- Earthwork

5 - 20


If quantities are not significant, ditch and channel excavation may be included in the regular excavation pay item.

November 2017


Earthwork Requirements

• Required Survey– Original Check Sections

– Final Check Sections

– Field Checks

– Error in Quantity

• Earthwork Survey/Cross Section Waiver

(Form 700‐050‐35)

– Waiver Process

– Projects to Waive Survey

• CPAM 5.16

• Ensure procedures are followed

Module 5- Earthwork

5 - 21


The CPAM Section 5.16 discusses earthwork notes, and documentation of survey data and field records.

As an exception, Contractor’s survey notes may be used if obtained by a joint survey under the responsible charge by the Department or its representative.

November 2017



• The Project Administrator is required to verify the project’s plan terrain and final surfaces for compliance with the plan dimensions. This is done by:– Survey or– An alternate method approved by

the DFEM or DCE

• Unless the DFEM/DCE waives this requirement via the Earthwork Survey/Cross Section Waiver

Module 5- Earthwork

5 - 22


Alternate method approved by the DFEM or DCE, such as Radial Survey and Global Positioning System (GPS).

The PA will submit written notification of the findings to the Contractor for concurrence.

If the Contractor wishes to dispute the Department’s survey, he/she must obtain their own survey of the disputed area, certified by a Professional Land Surveyor, at no expense to the Department, before clearing & grubbing.

If cross sections show a significant difference as defined in Standard Specifications Subarticle 9-3.2.1, quantity adjustments will be considered.

November 2017



• The same baseline and stationing should be used for both original and final cross sections

• Maximum intervals of cross sections:– Flat terrain: 100 ft.– Rolling terrain: 50 ft. or closer (where conditions warrant)

Module 5- Earthwork

5 - 23


When cross sectioning, care must be taken where match lines are required to ensure proper stationing on each baseline is established and proper ties are made.

For subsoil, a maximum of 50’ for flat terrain, and it is recommended 25’ for curves

November 2017



• All breaks in the terrain must be reflected in the survey notes

• Describe the type of break in the survey notes• Stations at which cut or fill begin must be identified in the notes

Module 5- Earthwork

5 - 24


Examples of terrain breaks; edge of pavement, edge of shoulder, ditch bottom, top of slope, toe of slope, ROW line, etc.

November 2017



Original Check Sections• When required, must be taken before original ground is disturbed

• Unnecessary before subsoil excavation if preconstruction check sections are waived

Module 5- Earthwork

5 - 25


The Project Administrator must request a waiver if they determine there has been no change to the plan terrain.

Interval of cross sections depends on field conditions.

November 2017



Final Check Stations• When required, final check sections should be taken immediately after final grading of a completed area

• Unnecessary if final grading inspection is adequately documented

Module 5- Earthwork

5 - 26


November 2017



Field Checks• If full survey is not required, spot survey is taken as soon as a section of a project is completed

Note: If field checks are out of compliance, further survey may be necessary to support deductions.

– Slope or slope stake verification shall be taken at intervals or in areas deemed necessary by the DFEM/DCE

Module 5- Earthwork

5 - 27


Survey data collected to support deductions should be entered into the FDOT’s Multiline Earthwork program or other method approved by the DFEM.

Electronic earthwork files (such as Multiline) are submitted with the final estimate package to the Department. These electronic files are also sent to the Contractor.

November 2017



Quantity Error• Cross sections shall be required if the Department or the Contractor contends that there is an error in quantity

– If so, then survey according to the usual FDOT methods to resolve the questions

Module 5- Earthwork

5 - 28


Survey must be done prior to the contractor disturbing the existing ground.The claimant shall support any differences through appropriate verifiable level notes.

If the Contractor wants to dispute, he/she must acquire their own survey at no expense to the Department. (Refer to CPAM 5.16.7.)

November 2017

Module 5- Earthwork

5 - 29


Note: Need to attach letter of agreement from Contractor.

November 2017



Earthwork Survey / Cross Sections Waiver Process:

• PA submits the Waiver for approval by the DCE or DFEM

• Consideration is given to: type of work, monetary exposure, possible claims, contract permits

• Once approved, PA submits written notification to the Contractor

• Contractor must agree in writing

Module 5- Earthwork

5 - 30


Consideration must be given to Contract permits (such as the U.S. Army Corp of Engineers, Water Management Districts, etc.).

November 2017



Earthwork Survey/Cross Section Waiver

Types of projects where check surveys might be waived:1. Milling and resurfacing projects where shoulder

elevation does not change2. Projects that involve only earthwork around box

culvert extensions3. Projects that involve restoring eroded sections

Module 5- Earthwork

5 - 31


November 2017


Earthwork Records

• Daily Report of Truck‐Measured Material – Form 700‐050‐54– Supplemental Information provided on:

• Truck Measured Sketch (Regular Bed) – Form 700‐050‐54A

• Truck Measured Sketch (Irregular Bed) – Form 700‐050‐54B

• Final Measurement “Miscellaneous” – Form 700‐050‐61– This is the Department’s preferred Site Source Record

• Subsoil Limits

• Field Notes

Module 5- Earthwork

5 - 32


November 2017


Earthwork Records

Daily Report of Truck‐Measured Material

• Form 700‐050‐54

• This form is used to track deliveries and calculated quantities of truck measured material.

Module 5- Earthwork

5 - 33


November 2017


Earthwork Records

Truck Measured Sketch(Regular Bed)

• Form 700‐050‐54A

• This form is used to document truck measurements and verify truck capacities.

Module 5- Earthwork

5 - 34


November 2017


Earthwork Records

Truck Measured Sketch(Irregular Bed)

• Form 700‐050‐54B

• This form is used to document truck measurements and verify truck capacities.

Module 5- Earthwork

5 - 35


November 2017


Earthwork Records

• Final Measurement “Miscellaneous”

• Form 700‐050‐61

• This form can be used for the following:

• Original Check Sections

• Final Check Sections

• Documenting TBMs

• Survey Notes

• Field Notes

Module 5- Earthwork

5 - 36


November 2017


Earthwork Records

Limits of Subsoil Excavation• Contractor should know the limits before subsoil excavation begins– Widths and Depths are shown in

the Plans– Additional details in Standard

Index 500

• Authorized limits must be staked in the field and documented on a field record

Module 5- Earthwork

5 - 37


Subsoil excavation limits can be applied only under the following circumstances:

• Limits are indicated on the original plans, and

• Plan notes clearly specify removal.

• If muck is found to be deeper than the plan depth, records shall be corrected, dated and initialed.

November 2017


Earthwork Records

Field Notes for Subsoil Excavation:

Module 5- Earthwork

5 - 38


November 2017


Earthwork Records

Cross Section Notes

Module 5- Earthwork

5 - 39


This data will be entered into Multiline or authorized program to calculate extra depth of subsoil excavation.

November 2017


Earthwork Records

Module 5- Earthwork

5 - 40


November 2017


Earthwork Records

Module 5- Earthwork

5 - 41


The beginning and ending of excavation shall always have a full cross section and should be identified with a note (Begin Cut or End Cut), or designated as a zero area.

November 2017


Earthwork Records

Field Notes for Subsoil Excavation

• Use original cross section terrain line unless changed by Pre‐Construction terrain sections.

• Original or Pre‐Construction field surveys shall be used as originals for subsoil

Module 5- Earthwork

5 - 42


Original sections shall not be directly copied from the plan cross sections and recorded in the field records.

Station’s pluses needed to obtain the maximum 50 Feet interval or to obtain begin and end sections may be interpolated from location originals.

Note:

Full station = 100 ft.

Pluses = distance <100 ft. in between stations

November 2017


Earthwork Records


Module 5- Earthwork

5 - 43


November 2017


Earthwork Records


Module 5- Earthwork

5 - 44


November 2017


Earthwork Records


Module 5- Earthwork

5 - 45


Per the Standard Specifications, Subarticle 120-13.1: Where subsoil excavation extends outside the plan lines or authorized lines by the PA (including allowable tolerances) and the space is backfilled with roadway or borrow excavation, the net fill, plus shrinkage allowance shall be deducted from roadway excavation or borrow excavation quantity, as applicable.

Total Embankment = Fill + SubsoilIf subsoil quantity changes, the new change must be added or deducted to the total Embankment quantity.

For Example: • Item No. 120-6 (Embankment) is a plan quantity item which totals 5,000 CY.• The 5,000 CY includes fill + subsoil.• The original subsoil quantity on this project = 1,000 CY• Subsoil changed on this project, to final subsoil = 1,300 CY• Therefore, the total embankment quantity will increase by 300 CY • So total embankment = 5,300 CY

November 2017


Earthwork Records

Field Notes for Channel Excavation

• Pre‐construction original sections shall always be taken just prior to beginning of excavation.

• Final sections are always required and must be plotted in conjunction with the template to determine the final pay quantity.

Module 5- Earthwork

5 - 46


November 2017


Earthwork Records

Field Notes for Channel Excavation

• Final sections must account for shoaled material when authorized to remain.

• Deduct shoaled material left in place.

Module 5- Earthwork

5 - 47


Specification 7-8.2 and 120-11 require the Contractor to maintain the project area from shoaling until final acceptance, when excavation of a channel is included in the contract scope.

If shoaling occurs after final cross sectioning and prior to final acceptance of the job and the Engineer authorizes the shoaled material to remain in place, re-cross sectioning must be done to determine the volume of material to remain.

The volume of any such material remaining within the limits of channel excavation shown in the plans shall be deducted from the measured quantity of channel excavation (Specification 120-13.5).

November 2017


Earthwork Records Processing

• Survey notes are entered in Multiline (or approved software) to process and generate earthwork quantities– Full cross sections must be taken when the

computer is used to process the earthwork volume

• Truck measured site source records are entered in Engineering Menu to generate earthwork quantities

Module 5- Earthwork

5 - 48


Half sections are not acceptable for earthwork purposes.

November 2017



Multiline will generate plots of the entered data and calculate appropriate volumes.

Module 5- Earthwork

5 - 49


Original, final and template cross sections need to be plotted in Multiline to generate the Final Pay Quantity.

November 2017



Engineering Menu will calculate volumes from the entered data (truck capacities and counts).

Module 5- Earthwork

5 - 50


November 2017


Earthwork Calculations

• Final Measurement Requirements– Shrinkage and Swell– Average End Area

• Plan Quantity Requirements– Embankment

Module 5- Earthwork

5 - 51


November 2017



Borrow Excavation

• Where vehicle load count is involved in reconciling quantities, make sure swell and shrinkage are considered.

Example:Compacted Fill Vol.: 1 CYShrinkage Factor: 35%Swell Factor: 20%

1 CY 1.35 1.20=1.62 CY

Module 5- Earthwork

5 - 52


Shrinkage and fluff values are shown in the plans.

Shrinkage: The decrease in volume of earth from its natural state to its compacted state.

Swell: The increase in volume of earth from its natural state to loose state.

A suggested formula is:

Equivalent truck measured volume =

Compacted fill volume (cross sectional volume) x (1 + shrinkage factor) x (1 + swell factor)

• Use shrinkage and swell factors as a decimal.

November 2017



Excavation – How to Calculate?

• Roadway excavation: plan quantity pay item.

• Subsoil excavation: final measure pay item.

• Lateral ditch excavation: plan quantity pay item.

• Channel excavation: final measure pay item.

• Channel excavation and subsoil excavation are calculated by the average end area method with the plan template applied

Channel and subsoil excavation plan templates can be found in cross section sheets or in bridge plans

Module 5- Earthwork

5 - 53


Roadway Excavation: Measurements include only the net volume of material excavated between original and completed surfaces. This item is a plan quantity pay item.

Subsoil Excavation: measurements include only material excavated within the lines and grades indicated in the plans (including the tolerance permitted therefore) or as directed by the Engineer. It is a final measure pay item.

Lateral Ditch Excavation: Measurements include only excavated material within the lines and grades as indicated in plans or by the Engineer. This is a plan quantity pay item.

November 2017



End Areas• Average End Area Method for calculating volume:

Volume (V) = Area1+Area2 Length Between Areas

54

• Some areas are not included in calculations for pay.

Module 5- Earthwork

5 - 54


What end areas are not payable?

• Excavation borrow (truck measure) placed above the grading template

• Subsoil excavation beyond authorized lateral limits for A-8 (muck)

• Subsoil excavation beyond authorized lateral and undercut limits for A-7 (plastic)

• Channel excavation below the grading template

November 2017


No Pay Fill

No Pay


Areas Not Included for pay• Truck Measure Borrow placed above the grading template

Module 5- Earthwork

5 - 55


November 2017



Unauthorized

LIMIT

Authorized Subsoil Excavation2

1

Areas Not Included for Payment

• Borrow placed in area beyond the project’s subsoil lateral limits (unauthorized excavation)

The volume of unauthorized excavation must be determined, then deducted from the proposed borrow pay (don’t forget to account for shrinkage and fluff).

Module 5- Earthwork

5 - 56


November 2017


Original Ground Line

Template

Final Pay Area

No Pay

Area not excavated

Final Cross Section


Areas Not Included for payment• Channel excavation outside the template will not be paid.

Module 5- Earthwork

5 - 57


Make sure that any deviation from the plan template does not compromise Contract permit requirements.

Contractor must be notified of areas not excavated to the template.

November 2017



Case I: Additional Depth Subsoil

1:2 Control Line


Extra depth subsoilexcavation @ contract unit price + 25%

Extra depth subsoil excavation paid for as extra work and paid for at a negotiated price

Bottom of actual muck excavation

Bottom of Plan Muck

Subsoil Excavation @ contract unit price

No pay outside the 1:2 control line

15'

5'

Lowest point of unsuitable material indicated on plans.

Module 5- Earthwork

5 - 58


Case I: Additional Depth Subsoil

To be used when unsuitable material is indicated in the plans.

Determination of the payment elevations is in accordance with the Standard Specifications, Subarticle 120-14 “Basis of Payment”.

In every case, the point of reference for determining extra depth subsoil excavation should be the lowest elevation that muck is shown on the plan cross section and this elevation projected horizontally across the entire cross section.

Each cross section shall be considered separately.

Refer to the CPAM 5.16 for additional clarification.

The 1:2 control line will be utilized as shown in the Design Standards Index 505 –Embankment Utilization

Extra Depth Subsoil Excavation is paid for at a negotiated price.

November 2017



Case II: Subsoil Excavation

Extra depth subsoil paid for as extra work

Extra depth subsoil excavation @ contract unit price plus 25%

Bottom of actual Muck Excavation


15'

5'


1:2 Control Line


Bottom of Plan Elevation

Module 5- Earthwork

5 - 59



To be used when no unsuitable material is indicated on the cross section.

Determination of the payment elevations in accordance with the Standard Specifications, Subarticle 120-14.2.3.

When subsoil excavation is encountered where none was shown on the plans, either in separate areas or as an extension to areas that were shown. The point of reference shall be the lowest elevation on the grading template.


Refer to CPAM 5.16 for additional information.

November 2017




Final cross section

5'

Lowest Template ElevationOriginal Ground Line

Extra depth subsoil excavation @ contract unit price + 25%



1:2 Control Line

Module 5- Earthwork

5 - 60



Also, use Case II when no unsuitable material is indicated in the cross section.

Determination of the payment elevations in accordance with the Standard Specifications, Subarticle 120-14 “Basis of Payment”.


Refer to CPAM 5.16 for additional information.

November 2017


ExampleCalculate Total Subsoil, Roadway Excavation

and Final Embankment Volume

Module 5- Earthwork

5 - 61


November 2017


SUBSOIL ROADWAY EMBANK‐EXCAVATION EXCAVATION MENT

A V A V A V (SF) (CY) (SF) (CY) (SF) (CY)

451 + 00.00

Begin Subsoil 451+ 00

452 + 00.00

Excavation324 SF

Design Subsoil445 SF

Fill62 SF

Excavation46 SF

Excavation35 SF

Fill153 SF


Excavation502 SF


Excavation979 SF

453 + 00.00

End Subsoil 453+ 00

497 SFFinal Subsoil

353 SFFinal Subsoil

312 SFFinal Subsoil

Fill 136 SFExcavation

41 SF

Existing gradeRoad TemplateSubsoil Excavation (per Design)Final Subsoil Excavation Limits

Calculate Total Subsoil, Roadway Excavation and Final Embankment

Module 5- Earthwork

5 - 62


November 2017




451 + 00.00

Begin Subsoil 451+ 00Excavation324 SF


Fill62 SF

Excavation46 SF

497 SFFinal Subsoil

445 370 507

497 559


Final Qty

Design Qty

Note: Final quantities shall be noted in red

Module 5- Earthwork

5 - 63


Identify subsoil, roadway excavation, and fill quantities.

For the example above, at Sta. 451+00:

• Calculate the quantities for roadway excavation and total fill using the design quantities:

Subsoil Excavation = 445 SF

Roadway Excavation = 46+324 = 370 SF

Total Fill = 62+445 = 507 SF

• Designer quantities will be shown in the plans.

During construction, the subsoil quantity at this station increased to 497 SF. Therefore, strike through the original (design) subsoil quantity at this station (445 SF) and record the final quantity (497 SF).

The embankment (total fill) quantity will also change. Strike through the original fill quantity (507 SF) and record the new quantity:

Embankment = Subsoil + Fill = 497 + 62 = 559 SF

Note: All final calculations shall be done in red.

November 2017




451 + 00.00


452 + 00.00

Excavation324 SF


Fill62 SF

Excavation46 SF

Excavation35 SF

Fill153 SF


Excavation502 SF

497 SFFinal Subsoil

353 SFFinal Subsoil

445 370 507

497 559

259 537 412

353 506



Final Qty

Design Qty

Final Qty

Design Qty

Module 5- Earthwork

5 - 64


Calculate the volume between two stations:

• Designer quantities will be shown in the plans.

• Identify subsoil excavation, roadway excavation, and fill area quantities.

• Strike through the subsoil and fill quantities and record the final quantities. (See previous slide)

• Calculate the volume between these two stations using the average end area method. The equation to use is:

Or

• Where:

A = Area in SF

L = distance between stations in FT

1 CY = 27 FT3

November 2017




451 + 00.00


452 + 00.00

Excavation324 SF


Fill62 SF

Excavation46 SF

Excavation35 SF

Fill153 SF


Excavation502 SF


Excavation979 SF

453 + 00.00

End Subsoil 453+ 00

497 SFFinal Subsoil

353 SFFinal Subsoil

312 SFFinal Subsoil


41 SF

445 370 507

497 559

259 537 412

353 506

1304

1574

1702

1972

1680



Final Qty

Design Qty

Final Qty

Design Qty

Final Qty

Design Qty

Module 5- Earthwork

5 - 65


Calculate the Subsoil Volume between Sta. 451+00 and 452+00:

• A1 = 445 SF

• A2 = 259 SF Design (original) quantities

• L = 100 FT

,

Calculate the volume calculated using the final subsoil quantities:

,

Strike through the design volume and enter the final volume.

This applies to the volumes between the following stations.

Notice that the volume quantity is in the volume column between the two stationed area quantities.

November 2017



451 + 00.00


452 + 00.00

Excavation324 SF


Fill62 SF

Excavation46 SF

Excavation35 SF

Fill153 SF


Excavation502 SF


Excavation979 SF

453 + 00.00

End Subsoil 453+ 00

Final Solution

497 SFFinal Subsoil

353 SFFinal Subsoil

312 SFFinal Subsoil


41 SF

445 370 507

497 559

259 537 412

353 506

1304

1574

446 1020 582

1702

1972

1680

1305 2883 1841

312

1231

448

1767

2,805 4,563 3,739Final Total

Original Total 2,609 4,563 3,543



Final Qty

Design Qty

Final Qty

Design Qty

Final Qty

Design Qty

Final Qty

Design Qty

Final Qty

Design Qty

Module 5- Earthwork

5 - 66


For subsoil, subtract the design (original) quantity and add/subtract the final subsoil quantity to/from the embankment’s final quantity, as applicable.

Final Subsoil Total – Original Subsoil Total = 2,805 – 2,609 = 196 CY

In this example, calculate the Final Embankment Total by adding the difference in subsoil to the Original Embankment Total:

196 + 3,543 = 3,739 CY

Always check the EOR’s method of calculation/documentation. Some designers include subsoil with the fill quantity, while others don’t.

November 2017


Module Review

1. Bench run

2. Field check to compare plans to actual terrain

3. Earthwork Survey/Cross Section Waiver

4. Preconstruction Survey Letter to Contractor

5. Letter of concurrence from Contractor

6. May require plan quantity review

7. Keep up to date field measured earthwork items (i.e., subsoil, channel excavations, truck measured borrow)

If the EOR included estimated subsoil in plan quantity, then that quantity must be deducted and the actual quantity added to the embankment quantity.

This quantity could also be reduced in the embankment total due to an underrun from the Designer’s proposed quantity.

Module 5- Earthwork

5 - 67


November 2017


ANY QUESTIONS?

Module 5- Earthwork

5 - 68


November 2017

Documents

Final Estimates Level 2 - CTQP Home Pagectqpflorida.com/books/pdf/Final Estimates 2/07-Mod_05-Earthwork...adjustments to plan quantity items will be made in accordance with FDOT Standard