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INTRODUCTION
• Teknologi digunakan terutama untuk memfasilitasi komunikasi, kolaborasi dan manajemen konten agar proses menangkap, membagi, menyebarkan dan menerapkan pengetahuan menjadi lebih baik.
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IT : enabler or supporting system in knowledge management
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INTRODUCTION• Klasifikasi teknologi KM menurut Ruggles (1997) :• Teknologi KM sebagai tools
(a) Meningkatkan dan membuat pengetahuan dapat diciptakan, dikodifikasi dan ditransfer.
(b) Menciptakan pengetahuan (e.g. data mining untuk menemukan pola baru dari data).
(c) Mengkodifikasi pengetahuan agar tersedia untuk yang lain.
(d) Agar pengetahuan dapat ditransfer sehingga dapat mengurangi masalah terkait waktu dan tempat ketika dikomunikasikan dalam organisasi.
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INTRODUCTION• Rollet (2003) mengklasifikasikan teknologi KM
berdasarkan skema berikut :
1. Komunikasi
2. Kolaborasi
3. Content Creation
4. Content Management
5. Adaptation
6. E-learning
7. Personal tools
8. Artificial intelligence
9. Networking Kategori menurut Rollet (2003) dapat juga
diklasifikasikan berdasarkan fase-fase dalam siklus KM.
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Authoring Multimedia• Sebuah tool authoring adalah paket perangkat lunak yang
memungkinkan pengembang untuk membuat aplikasi multimedia dengan menggabungkan bersama konten-konten seperti teks, grafik, animasi, lagu, dan video.
• Sistem authoring dimaksudkan yang digunakan oleh pengguna yang bukan programmer tradisional atau bahkan tidak tahu bahasa pemrograman tapi ingin membuat presentasi multimedia interaktif atau produk atau materi pembelajaran berbasis komputer.
• Misalnya: Macromedia Flash, Dreamweaver, Power Point, dll.• Peran Perangkat Lunak Authoring :
o Menghasilkan konten dengan: teks, grafik, suara, animasi. o Memasukkan dan menggabungkan konten. o Desain layout layar menggunakan template. o Buat interaktivitas o Buat hypertext
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Knowledge Management
Explicit
CMS
Repositories
File Servers
Collaborative tools· Wiki· Forums· Collaborative Editors
Bookmarking
Blogs
Sea
rch
ers
P2P Networks
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Explicit Knowledge (Social Bookmarking)
• del.icio.us (http://del.icio.us); NO OPENSOURE– A non-hierarchical keyword categorization system (users can tag their bookmarks with a number of freely chosen keywords creating folksonomies). – Integration:
• Syndication (ex: "http://del.icio.us/tag/wiki" returns all of the most recent links tagged "wiki“ in RSS format).• Open Source API implementations available in several languages (Java, Phyton, PHP...)• Open source plugins to access by browsers or desktop applications
• del.irio.us (http://de.lirio.us)– An open source social bookmarking clone of del.icio.us. Now part of Simpy, a popular, and long-running, social bookmarking website.
– DEMO: LIST of Bookmarks for Tencompetence: http://de.lirio.us/tags/TenCompetence (Login ws; Password ws)
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Explicit Knowledge (CMS) 1/2
• A CMS (Content Management System) facilitates the organization, control, and publication of a large body of documents and other content, such as images and multimedia resources.
• Integration: RSS/Atom in most cases• Open Source CMS:
– Drupal http://drupal.org/– Demo
http://demo.opensourcecms.com/e107/e107_admin/admin.php – User: admin; Password: demo
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Explicit Knowledge (CMS) 2/2
• Alfresco (http://dev.alfresco.com): an Open Source ECM (Enterprise Content Management). It uses Java: Spring, Hibernate, Lucene and JSF
• Knowledgetree (http://www.ktdms.com/): a powerful document management system made in Java and PHP
• Exponent http://www.exponentcms.org/• Typo3 http://typo3.com • Joomla http://www.joomla.org/• Nucleus http://www.nucleuscms.org/ • List of CMS
http://www.opensourcescripts.com/dir/Content_management_,040CMS,041/
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Explicit Knowledge (Blogs)• A blog is a user-generated website where entries are made in journal style and displayed in a reverse chronological order. • WordPress http://wordpress.org/:
– Written in PHP and backed by a MySQL database:– Feeded by eMail, RSS, etc.– Access through: RSS/Atom
• bBlog http://www.bblog.com/ – Supports ATOM 0.3 and RSS 2.0 Syndication formats – Display RSS feeds on your blog
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Explicit Knowledge (Collaborative Tools) 1/3• Wikis: a website that allows visitors to easily add, remove, edit and change available content, and typically without the need for registration. This ease of interaction and operation makes a wiki an effective tool for mass collaborative authoring.
– MediaWiki (http://www.mediawiki.org/) http://www.mediawiki.org/ • Wikipedia http://wikipedia.org/ • WikiQuote http://wikiquote.org/ • WikiBooks http://wikibooks.org/
– List of Wiki Engines http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?WikiEngines
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Explicit Knowledge (Collaborative Tools) 2/3• Forum: a facility for holding discussions and posting user generated content. A forum is essentially a website composed of a number of member-written threads that entails a discussion or conversation in the form of a series of member-written posts. • PHBB http://www.phpbb.com/
– A popular internet forum package written in the PHP programming language. • Comparison of Internet Forum Storage http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_Internet_forum_software
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Explicit Knowledge (Collaborative Tools) 3/3• Collaborative Real-Time Editors: a software application that allows several people to edit a computer file using different computers:
– Google Docs (Not OpenSource) http://docs.google.com/ – Gobby http://darcs.0x539.de/trac/obby/cgi-bin/trac.cgi – OpenEffort http://www.openeffort.com/ – List of Real Time Editors http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collaborative_real-time_editor
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Explicit Knowledge (Searchers)–Open source search engines
• DataparkSearch • Egothor • Gonzui • Ht://dig • Lucene • mnoGoSearch • Namazu • Nutch • OpenFTS • Swish-e • Wikiasari • Xapian • YaCy • Zettair
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Knowledge Management
Implicit
Best PracticesVirtual
CommunitiesSocial Networks
Competence Management
Knowledge Map
Ontologies
Taxonomies
Folksonomies
Recommendation
Support System
Rating
Voting
Tagging
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Implicit Knowledge (Social Networks)
A social network is a social structure made of nodes which are generally individuals or organizations. It indicates the ways in which they are connected through various social familiarities ranging from casual acquaintance to close familial bonds.
Social Networks make explicit the implicit relations among the people.
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Implicit Knowledge (Social Networks)
Name Description/Focus User count Registration
Flickr Photo sharing 4,000,000 Open
Last.fm Music Unknown Open
MySpace General 130,000,000 Open
TagWorld General (tagging) 1,850,692 Open
WAYN Travel & Lifestyle 7,000,000 Open to people 18 and older
Windows Live SpacesBlogging (formerly MSN
Spaces)30,000,000 Open - Uses Windows Live ID
Xanga Blogs and "metro" areas 40,000,000 Open
Yahoo! 360° Linked to Yahoo! IDs 4,700,000 Open to people 18 and older
List of social networks http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_social_networking_websites
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Implicit Knowledge (Knowledge Map)
• Taxonomy: the practice and science of classification. • Folksonomy: An Internet-based information retrieval methodology
consisting of collaboratively generated, open-ended labels that categorize content such as Web pages, online photographs, and Web links. A folksonomy is most notably contrasted from a taxonomy in that the authors of the labeling system are often the main users (and sometimes originators) of the content to which the labels are applied. The labels are commonly known as tags and the labeling process is called tagging.
• Ontology: It seeks to describe or posit the basic categories and relationships of being or existence to define entities and types of entities within its framework.
• KNOWLEDGE MAP: Taxonomy where the knowledge of a certain community are clasiffied .
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Implicit Knowledge (Best Practices)
• Best Practice is a management idea which asserts that there is a technique, method, process, activity, incentive or reward that is more effective at delivering a particular outcome than any other technique, method, process, etc. The idea is that with proper processes, checks, and testing, a project can be rolled out and completed with fewer problems and unforeseen complications.
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Knowledge Management
Communication ToolseMailChat
Instant MessagingAudioconferenceVideoconference
...
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COMMUNICATION TOOLS• Asynchronous
– eMail– Annotation (Warichu) http://www.warichu.com/
• Warichu (formerly diginote.info) is a communication tool that sits on top of the web and allows everyone to discuss the webs content.
• Open API• Extensions for IE and Firefox
• Synchronous– Instant Messaging
• Jabber (XMPP) Jabber is an open system primarily built to provide instant messaging service and presence information (aka buddy lists). The protocol is built to be extensible and other features such as Voice over IP and file transfers have been added.
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_instant_messaging_clients – AudioConference
• Asterisk http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asterisk_PBX • OpenWengo http://dev.openwengo.com/trac/openwengo/trac.cgi/
– Chat• IRC http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_Internet_Relay_Chat_clients
– VideoConference• Egika/GnomeMeeting http://www.ekiga.org/
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Knowledge Management Suites• Egroupware www.egroupware.org – Demo for Winter School http://192.168.2.144/egroupware – User: ws; Password: ws;
• Moodle www.moodle.org
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eGroupware
• eGroupWare (www.egroupware.org) is a free enterprise ready groupware software for your network. It enables you to manage contacts, appointments, todos and many more for your whole business. eGroupWare is a groupware server. It comes with a native web-interface which allowes to access your data from any platform all over the planet. Moreover you also have the choice to access the eGroupWare server with your favorite groupware client (Kontact, Evolution, Outlook) and also with your mobile or PDA via SyncML. eGroupWare is international. At the time, it supports more than 25 languages including rtl support. eGroupWare is platform independent. The server runs on Linux, Mac, Windows and many more other operating systems. On the client side, all you need is a internetbrowser such as Firefox, Konqueror, Internet Explorer and many more.– http://demo.egroupware.org/currentversion/login.php
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MOODLEMoodle (www.moodle.org) is a free software/open source e-learning platform (also known as a Course Management System (CMS) or Virtual Learning Environment (VLE). Moodle is designed to help educators create online courses with opportunities for rich interaction. Its open source license and modular design means that many people can develop additional functionality, and development is undertaken by a globally diffuse network of commercial and non-commercial users.
