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Energy WATCH Source : Tenaga Nasional Berhad Gas price (as per approved during Jan 1, 2014 Tariff Review) · For gas quantity up to 1,000 mmscfd: RM15.20/mmbtu (Government regulated price) · For gas quantity beyond 1,000 mmscfd: RM41.68/mmbtu (based on discounted LNG price) Coal price (as per approved during Jan 1, 2014 Tariff Review) · USD 87.50/tonne Note: LNG – liquefied natural gas mmscfd – million standard cubic feet per day mmbtu – million British Thermal Unit Long queues at petrol stations are a normal sight whenever there is a petroleum price increase. By right, this scenario should happen to power consumers where their bills fluctuate whenever international prices of fuel such as gas, coal or medium fuel oil fluctuate. Malaysia however has devised a mechanism to alleviate this price increase by revising it only once every six months. This mechanism is called the Fuel Cost Pass Through (FCPT) mechanism. Fuel Cost Pass Through Mechanism Did you know that the fuel prices which are used to generate electricity fluctuate all the time? Malaysia currently uses coal, liquefied natural gas (LPG), pipeline gas, medium fuel oil and distillates to generate electricity. Prices of these fuel however move up and down all the time depending on global market demand and supply. LNG prices now cost RM47/mmbtu compared to RM41 in January 2014. Whenever there is an increase in electricity tariff, TNB will absorb the initial cost. Once in every six months, it will take the average increase and only then will consumers be charged of the real rise in fuel. Consumers would then know the actual increase of fuel prices. Gas Price (RM per mmbtu) The Good News The Fuel Cost Pass Through Mechanism provides stability and certainty to go about our business without being bogged down by electricity tariff uncertainties giving them a peace of mind. Fuel Cost Pass Through Mechanism is not all about electricity tariff increase. Should prices of fuel soften, it can translate into lower electricity tariff. FUEL COST PASS THROUGH What’s in it for us? 130 120 110 100 90 80 70 60 May April-14 Mar-14 Feb-14 Jan-14 Dec-13 Nov-13 Oct-13 Sep-13 Aug-13 Jul-13 Jun-13 May-13 April-13 Mar-13 Feb-13 Jan-13 Dec-12 Nov-12 Oct-12 Sep-12 Aug-12 Jul-12 Jun-12 May-12 April-12 Mar-12 Feb-12 Jan-12 Dec-11 Nov-11 Monthly Index Coal Price (USD/tonne) USD/tonne The maximum demand for the system in year 2014 is targeted to be at 17,032 MW. Currently, the total installed capacity is 20,811 MW which consists of 7,170 MW coal capacity, 1,867 MW hydro capacity and the remaining is made up of gas capacity. Though generation based on coal is cheaper than gas, it is only limited to 7,170 MW if all the coal units are available at the time. Generation based on hydro is subject to the water level at the dam and the rainfalls. Most of the time the generation based on hydro is about 1,200 MW. As such, to fulfill the electricity demand the system must rely on generation based on gas. 6.40 14.31 10.70 13.70 15.20 MAY JULY MARCH JUNE JAN 1997 2008 2009 2011 2014 Current Total Installed Capacity : 20,811MW 57% 34% 9% Gas Hydro Coal

Fuel Cost Pass Through, What's in it for us? / Pelepasan Kos Bahan

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EnergyWATCH

Source : Tenaga Nasional Berhad

Gas price (as per approved during Jan 1, 2014 Tari� Review)

· For gas quantity up to 1,000 mmscfd: RM15.20/mmbtu (Government regulated price)

· For gas quantity beyond 1,000 mmscfd: RM41.68/mmbtu (based on discounted LNG price)

Coal price (as per approved during Jan 1, 2014 Tari� Review) · USD 87.50/tonne Note: LNG – lique� ed natural gas

mmscfd – million standard cubic feet per daymmbtu – million British Thermal Unit

Long queues at petrol stations are a normal sight whenever there is a petroleum price increase. By right, this scenario should happen to power consumers where their bills � uctuate whenever international prices of fuel such as gas, coal or medium fuel oil � uctuate. Malaysia however has devised a mechanism to alleviate this price increase by revising it only once every six months. This mechanism is called the Fuel Cost Pass Through (FCPT) mechanism.

Fuel Cost Pass Through MechanismDid you know that the fuel prices which are used to generate electricity � uctuate all the time? Malaysia currently uses coal, lique� ed natural gas (LPG), pipeline gas, medium fuel oil and distillates to generate electricity. Prices of these fuel however move up and down all the time depending on global market demand and supply. LNG prices now cost RM47/mmbtu compared to RM41 in January 2014.

Whenever there is an increase in electricity tari� , TNB will absorb the initial cost. Once in every six months, it will take the average increase and only then will consumers be charged of the real rise in fuel. Consumers would then know the actual increase of fuel prices.

Gas Price (RM per mmbtu)

The Good NewsThe Fuel Cost Pass Through Mechanism provides stability and certainty to go about our business without being bogged down by electricity tari� uncertainties giving them a peace of mind.

Fuel Cost Pass Through Mechanism is not all about electricity tari� increase.

Should prices of fuel soften, it can translate into lower electricity tari� .

FUEL COST PASS THROUGH What’s in it for us?

130

120

110

100

90

80

70

60

May

April-14

Mar-14

Feb-14Jan-14

Dec-13

Nov-13

Oct-13

Sep-13A

ug-13Jul-13

Jun-13M

ay-13A

pril-13M

ar-13Feb-13Jan-13

Dec-12

Nov-12

Oct-12

Sep-12A

ug-12Jul-12

Jun-12M

ay-12A

pril-12M

ar-12Feb-12Jan-12

Dec-11

Nov-11

Monthly Index

Coal Price (USD/tonne)

USD

/ton

ne

The maximum demand for the system in year 2014 is targeted to be at 17,032 MW. Currently, the total installed capacity is 20,811 MW which consists of 7,170 MW coal capacity, 1,867 MW hydro capacity and the remaining is made up of gas capacity. Though generation based on coal is cheaper than gas, it is only limited to 7,170 MW if all the coal units are available at the time. Generation based on hydro is subject to the water level at the dam and the rainfalls. Most of the time the generation based on hydro is about 1,200 MW. As such, to ful� ll the electricity demand the system must rely on generation based on gas.

6.40

14.31

10.70

13.70

15.20

MAY JULY MARCH JUNE JAN1997 2008 2009 2011 2014

Current Total Installed Capacity : 20,811MW

57%

34%

9%

GasHydro Coal

EnergyWATCH

Sumber : Tenaga Nasional Berhad

Harga Gas (RM per mmbtu)

Berita Baik130

120

110

100

90

80

70

60

May

April-14

Mar-14

Feb-14Jan-14

Dec-13

Nov-13

Oct-13

Sep-13A

ug-13Jul-13

Jun-13M

ay-13A

pril-13M

ar-13Feb-13Jan-13

Dec-12

Nov-12

Oct-12

Sep-12A

ug-12Jul-12

Jun-12M

ay-12A

pril-12M

ar-12Feb-12Jan-12

Dec-11

Nov-11

Indek Bulanan

Harga Arang Batu (USD/tan)

USD

/tan

6.40

14.31

10.70

13.70

15.20

MEI JULAI MAC JUN JAN1997 2008 2009 2011 2014

Jumlah Kapasiti Terpasang : 20,811MW

57%

34%

9%

GasHidro Arang Batu

PELEPASAN KOS BAHAN API Apa Faedahnya Untuk Kita?

Pemandangan yang biasa bagi pengguna yang beratur panjang di stesen minyak setiap kali kenaikan harga petroleum. Senario seperti ini sepatutnya berlaku juga kepada pengguna elektrik di mana bil-bil mereka boleh berubah setiap kali harga bahan api di peringkat antarabangsa sep-erti gas, arang batu atau bahan api medium berubah-ubah. Malaysia telah merangka satu mekanisme untuk mengawal kenaikan harga dengan me-nyemak semula harga setiap enam bulan.

Mekanisme Pelepasan Kos Bahan Api Tahukah anda bahawa harga bahan api yang digunakan untuk menjana tenaga elektrik berubah-ubah setiap masa? Hari ini, Malaysia menggunakan arang batu, gas asli cecair (LNG), saluran paip gas, bahan api medium dan ‘distillate’ untuk menjana elektrik. Harga bahan-bahan api bergerak naik dan turun sepanjang masa bergantung kepada bekalan dan permintaan pasaran antarabangsa menyebabkan harga LNG naik kepada RM47/mmbtu berbanding hanya RM41 pada bulan Januari 2014.

Setiap kali berlakunya kenaikan tarif elektrik, TNB akan menanggung kos kenaikan pada permulaannya. Setiap enam bulan, pengguna akan membayar berdasarkan kenaikan harga sebenar selepas kadar purata bahan api diambil kira. Pengguna kemudiannya akan tahu harga bahan api sebenar yang telah naik

Bagi tahun 2014, permintaan puncak kapasiti disasarkan pada 17,032 MW. Pada masa ini, jumlah keseluruhan kapasiti adalah sebanyak 20,811 MW yang terdiri daripada 7,170 MW kapasiti arang batu, 1,867 MW kapasiti hidro dan bakinya daripada kapasiti gas. Penjanaan arang batu adalah lebih murah daripada gas, dan jika arang batu boleh didapati pada sesuatu masa, ianya terhad kepada 7,170 MW sahaja. Penjanaan berasaskan hidro bergantung kepada paras air di empangan dan juga daripada air hujan. Penjanaan hidro adalah kira-kira 1,200 MW sahaja pada sesuatu masa. Oleh kerana itu, untuk memenuhi permintaan tenaga elektrik, penjanaan tenaga akan bergantung kepada penggunaan gas.

Mekanisme Pelepasan Kos Bahan Api memberi kestabilan dan kepastian kepada pengguna yang tidak perlu risau dengan ketidaktentuan tarif elektrik.

Mekanisme Pelepasan Kos Bahan Api tidak semuanya berkaitan dengan kenaikan tarif elektrik.

Sekiranya harga bahan api kembali stabil, ianya membawa kepada tarif elektrik yang lebih rendah.

Harga gas (seperti yang diluluskan dalam Pindaan Tarif bertarikh 1 Januari 2014)

· Untuk kuantiti gas sehingga 1,000 mmscfd: RM15.20/mmbtu (Harga kawalan kerajaan)

· Untuk kuantiti gas sehingga 1,000 mmscfd: RM41.68/mmbtu (berdasarkan diskaun harga LNG )

Harga arang batu (seperti diluluskan semasa Pindaan Tarif pada 1 Januari 2014) · USD 87.50/tan

Nota: LNG - gas asli cecair mmscfd – million standard cubic feet per daymmbtu – million British Thermal Unit