L Nguyn Khoa CLB am m Guitar Cn ThBi 1: Mt s khi nim c bn Gii thiu v n guitarI S lc v nhc l c bn:1. Mt s khi nim c bn:a. M NHC: L mt ngh thut kt hp cc m thanh li, din t t tng, tnh cm v lm tha mn thnh gic ca ngi nghe.b. M THANH c 4 tnh cht: Cao : cao thp ca m thanh. Trng : di ngn ca m thanh. Cng : mnh nh ca m thanh. Sc ting: sc thi ring ca mi vt khi pht ra m thanh.2. Nhng du k m:a. DU GHI CAO : Tn nt: c 7 tn nt l La Si Do Re Mi FaSol.c k hiu bng:A B C D E F G. Cung: L khong cch gia nt nhc ny n nt nhc k tip (Mt ngn phm trn n guitar c gi l cung). Khung nhc: Gm 5 ng k song song vi nhau dng ghi cc nt nhc cao thp khc nhau. Kha nhc: L du hiu t trc khung nhc nh r tn cc nt nhc trong khung. Du ha: L mt k hiu lm thay i cao ca mt nt nhc no , t cung n 1 cung.

b. DU GHI TRNG : Hnh nt nhc v gi tr trng : Du lng: L du hiu ch choc a s bit ni phi im lng v im lng bao lu.

Du chm di: L du hiu nhm mc ch tng them trng ca mt nt nhc no . Du ngn di: L mt du hnh cung ni lin hai nt cng cao . Du luyn: L mt du hnh cung ni lin hai nt khc cao .II Gii thiu v n guitar:1. Gii thiu n guitar:

2. Phn bit n Guitar Classic v Guitar Modern (Guitar Acoustic):V thc t, ch c mt cch phn chia n guitar chun xc nht, l chia lm 2 loi:Guitar Acoustic (Guitar Mc khng c in) v Guitar Electric (Guitar in). Nhng thc t, ty vo nhu cu s dng m c th chia nhm Guitar Acoustic ra 2 nhm nh hn: Guitar Classic: Thng s dng dy nilon, thng n nh hn, cn n bn rng v gm 12 ngn. b kha c 2 rnh ln dy n. Guitar Classic cho m nh, trm m, thch hp chi c tu guitar. Guitar Acoustic: Thng s dng dy kim loi, thng n to, cn n bn nh v gm 14 ngn. b kha khng c rnh m l mt tm bng c nh cc con c cun dy vo v ln dy. Guitar Acoustic cho m ln, vang v anh, thch hp dung chi m ht. l nhng phn bit c bn, trn thc t vn c nhng hng sn xut Guitar lai gia 2 loi ny, cho nn phi da vo nhiu tiu ch phn bit, v ty mc ch s dng la chn n ch khng phn bit mt cch my mc. Ch : n Guitar Classic vn c th dng m ht nhng bi tr tnh nh nhng, hoc n Guitar Acoustic vn c th dng chi c tu vi nhng k thut c th ring dnh cho Guitar Acoustic solo, c tn gi l Finger Style.

Bi 2: Lm quen vi n GuitarI CC B PHN CA N GUITAR:Tm hiu v n Guitar, trc tin cn nm r cc b phn ca n Guitar, c th p dng mt s k thut dnh cho vic chi n, cng nh c c s chm sc, bo dng cy n ca mnh mt cch tt nht.

CH THCH:1. Headstock (u n)2. Nut (lc n)3. Machine heads (b trc ln dy n hoc nhng cht chnh dy)4. Frets (nhng phm n)5. Truss rod6. Inlays7. Neck (cn n)8. Heel (acoustic or Spanish), neckjoint (electric)9. Body (thn n)10. Pickups (b phn cm ng m thanh)11. Electronics (in t)12. Bridge (nga n)13. Pickguard14. Back (mt sau)15. Soundboard (top)16. Body sides (ribs)17. Sound hole, with rosette inlay (l thot m)18. Strings (nhng dy n)19. Saddle20. Fretboard or fingerboard (bn phm)CH : Cc dy n Guitar c nh s t 1 n 6 t pha di ln trn. V cao cc dy, cc phm n hay mt s quy tc v cung v na cung s c trnh by trong bi sau.

II T TH M N, T TH HAI TAY KHI CHI N:1. T th m n: Mi nhc c c mt t th NG khi chi khc nhau. V d Piano th ngi, Violin th t trn vai, v.v Cn n Guitar th phi m vo ngi mi ng k thut. iu ny to nn s gn gi gia ngi chi n v n Guitar, to nn s nhp tm nht nh c th chi ln nhng nt th hin y ni tm hay suy ngh ca ngi chi n.

T TH M N CA NAM

T TH M N CA N

2. T th tay chun b trn n:

Tay phi:

Tay tri:

CH : bn tay phi, cc ngn t ngn ci n ngn p t c k hiu l p, i, m, a. bn tay tri, cc ngn t ngn tr n ngn t c k hiu l 1, 2, 3, 4. Bn tay tri, tuy ngn ci khng c k hiu, nhng n li l ngn quan trng nht trong vic bm sao cho chnh xc. N s vng ra sau cn n, tr thnh im ta vng chc 4 ngn cn li bm lc khng b sai.

T TH NGN CI TRONG MT TH BMII HNG DN MC DY TAY PHI V BM CC PHM N BNG TAY TRI:

t th ngh, cc ngn tay bn bn tay phi c t nh hnh trn. Mc ch ca t th ny l s phn chia hp l khi ri hay mc cc dy th s s dng ngn tng ng vi dy . Dy 1 tng ng vi ngn a. Dy 2 tng ng vi ngn m. Dy 3 tng ng vi ngn i. 3 dy bass 4, 5 v 6 dng ngn p chi.BI TP: Ri tun t cc ngn t trn xung theo quy tc cc ngn nh ng dy tng ng.Cc ngn bn tay tri t th ngh th khng chm dy n. Khi bt u chi s c s phn b hp l cc th tay sao cho d bm nht, d chuyn i nht, nh trong mt thi gian lu nht khng b mi v tin cho vic di chuyn. Nhng v c bn khi nh nt th a s vn theo quy tc cc ngn 1, 2, 3, 4 bm cc ngn 1, 2, 3, 4.

Bi 3: Nt trn n Guitar Nguyn tc Cung v Na Cung p dng vo n GuitarI Quy tc Cung v Na Cung p dng vo n Guitar:1. NHC LI V QUY TC CUNG V NA CUNG:Cung l khong cch gia nt nhc ny n nt nhc k tip. Khong cch gia cc nt khng ging nhau, c th hin trong bng sau:Nh vy, khong cch t -> R, R -> Mi, Fa -> Sol, La -> Si l 1 cung; cn khong cch t Mi -> Fa v Si -> l cung. Cn nm r iu ny p dng vo n Guitar trong vic tm ra cc nt trn cn n cng nh dch ging trong m ht.2. p dng vo n Guitar Cc nt trn cn n Guitar:Trn cn n Guitar, khong cch gia cc ngn lin tip nhau l cung. T p dng Quy tc Cung v Na Cung ta c th d ra tt c cc nt trn cn n.a. Dy bung:C ngha l dy trong tnh trng nh bng tay phi v khng bm mt phm no bng tay tri. Trong tnh trng dy bung th th t nt s nh sau: Dy 1: E. Dy 2: B. Dy 3: G. Dy 4: D. Dy 5: A. Dy 6: E.y l mt quy tc bt di bt dch v cn hc thuc lng. V t nhng dy bung v p dng quy tc Cung v Na Cung ta c th d ra tt c cc nt khc trn cn n.b. Cc nt trn cn n Guitar:.

Bi 4: m giai Hp my l mt bi rt quan trng, n nh hng ln n tay tri ca ngi chi n, cng nh c tc ng ln vo t duy chi n.I M GIAI:1. nh ngha:m giai l mt chui nt k tip nhau theo mt trt t ring, i len hoc i xung, dn ra trong mt qung 8.2. Tn m giai: l tn nt bt u m giai3. Cch vit m giai trng v m giai th:m giai trng c vit theo quy tc: 1 1 - 1 1 1 m giai th c vit theo quy tc:1 - 1 1 - 1 1 Cc s 1 v biu th s cung m ta tnh tin ln c c nt k tip trong m giai.V d: m giai trng (C):

4. Tn mt s m giai trng v m giai th:

II HP M V CU TO HP M:1. Hp m l g?Hp m l mt tp hp cc m thanh (nt nhc) chng ln nhau theo mt qung 3.2. Cu to hp m: Lun c cu thnh theo quy tc 1 3 5. Hp m trng: Cu to 2 cung + 1 cung.

V d: tm hp m C ta cn tm m giai C:CDEFGAB(C) Bc:IIIIIIIVVVIVIIVIIICc nt bc I, III v V l C, E v G. Vy hp m C gm ba nt C, E v G.T bc I n bc III l 2 cung, t bc III n bc V l 1 cung. Hp m th: Cu to 1 cung + 2 cung.V d: tm hp m Am ta cn tm m giai Am:ABCDEFG(A)Bc:IIIIIIIVVVIVIIVIIICc nt bc I, III v V l A, C v E. Vy hp m Am gm ba nt A, C v E.T bc I n bc III l 1 cung, t bc III n bc V l 2 cung.III HP M TRN N GUITAR:Cn hc thuc mt s hp m c bn trn n Guitar, cng nh cch chuyn hp m sao cho nhp nhng v nhanh nht c th.

Bi 5: Nhp v phch Tng quan mt s iu c bnNu bi Hp m quyt nh tay tri ca ngi chi n, th bi ny quyt nh n tay phi. Nhp phch l mt trong nhng iu c bn nht khi chi guitar, v n chnh l xng sng ca mt bn nhc.I MT S KHI NIM C BN:1. Nhp: L phn trng c chia u nhau ca mt bn nhc, phn cch nhau bng nhng vch nhp. Nhp cn c gi l nhp hoc trng canh.2. Phch: L phn trng c chia u nhau trong mt nhp.3. S ch nhp: L mt phn s khng c gch ngang c t u bn nhc v sau kha nhc, cho bit s phch trong mt nhp v gi tr trng ca nhng phch .II TNG QUAN MT S IU C BN P DNG VO N GUITAR:Nu bn tay tri thc hin bm cc hp m, th bn tay phi thc hin nh cc iu c th, th hin r cc nhp, l trc sng ca mt bi ht. Mi nhp s c nhng iu c bn cn phi ghi nh phi hp tr nn mt bi ht hon chnh. Nhp 2/4: Gm c iu Blue, Fox, Disco. Nhp 3/4: Gm c iu Valse, Boston. Nhp 4/4: Gm c iu Surf, Ballad v mt s bin th ca ballad nng cao. iu Ballad c p dng cho 70% bi ht trn th gii hin ti. Nhp 6/8: Gm iu Slow Rock.Cn nm k cc iu c bn ny trc, sau khi quen vi nhp phch c th ng bin cho ng iu m khng cn phi p dng mt cch cng nhc cc iu vo bi ht na.18