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Грађанско право – општи део и Грађанско право – општи део и Стварно право Стварно право СТВАРНО ПРАВО СТВАРНО ПРАВО Школска 2007/2008. година Школска 2007/2008. година Наставу изводе: Наставу изводе: Проф. Др Драгор Хибер Проф. Др Драгор Хибер Доц. Др Рајко Јелић Доц. Др Рајко Јелић (проф. др Оливер Антић) (проф. др Оливер Антић) Мр Милош Живковић, асистент Мр Милош Живковић, асистент M M р Ненад Тешић, асистент р Ненад Тешић, асистент

Gradjansko Pravo Opsti Deo i Stvarno Pravo

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Skripta iz Gradjanskog prava, druga godina, Pravni fakultet u Beogradu

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2007/2008. 2007/2008. : :. . . . (. An)(. An)M Mm X, nM Mm X, nMM n Tm, n n Tm, n : : . Cn M , . Cn M , , , F, m, n nn 1996. nF, m, n nn 1996. n::3n nm nnx n (3n nm nnx n (. . . 6/80, mnm). 6/80, mnm)3n xnm n nm m 3n xnm n nm m nm (nm (. , . , . 57/03, . 57/03, mnm)mnm)3n mnm (3n mnm (. , . , .125/04).125/04)3n xnm m m 3n xnm m m n nnm ( n nnm (. , . , .83/92 ... 25/01).83/92 ... 25/01) 3n x (3n x (. , . , . 115/05). 115/05)3n m nn (3n m nn (. , . , . 42/98. 42/98))3n mmnm nm (3n mmnm nm ( ! ", . 28#/#9$#%! ", . 28#/#9$#%3n nn n (3n nn n ( , . 47/200$%, . 47/200$% 3n xn mnx (3n xn mnx (& , .44/9'%3n nm nm 3n nm nm !" !" # # ( ") ) " ( ( ") ) " ( ( " * " ( " * " . . ( ") ) + ( ( ") ) + ( ( ") ," " ( ") ," " (. (. ( ( n Ihn n Ihn ananeen m; n n m; n nn !" !" # # nn (n) n nn (n) n ::K n n K n n -./0 -./0 123-4123-4 n n nmn x (x) n n nmn x (x)'nhn; n 'nhn; n xn u xn u Cn x Cn x ( (( ( $ % $ % & & Cn Cn ( &( &Cn Cn ( "( " m m Cn xn hn Cn xn hn )() (() )() (() (m); nm (m); nm nn n n nn n n ((nm nm inter partes)inter partes) B nx B nx n n 352-.54 670545480352-.54 670545480 nx nx Cn Cn 95.0 93 .- 0779-3095.0 93 .- 0779-30 (n n hm (n n hm mmIura in re alliena:Iura in re alliena:Cxn, n unCxn, n un3xn ?3xn ?Cxn n xn Cxn n xn un n xnm, un n xnm, xn n nm m xn n nm m x x

B nx B nx - n- n (3n) u n? n (3n) u n? n n u n u nn3? (Cn n; 3? (Cn n; hn mm)hn mm) hn hnn n ( ") ) : ;% ( ") ) : ;%'( ") # '( ") #un m un n un m un n *+ #+! *+ #+!! ! ) ! ! ) 3m n nun 3m n nun n x...n x...n m n n n m n n nnn n n nnn n n mnun x, nn n, mnun x, nn n, nm, nm m nn (n) nm, nm m nn (n) nnm nunm nmm m n nnm nunm nmm m n nu nu nnn m n nnn m n *+ #+! *+ #+!! ! ) ! ! ) ,-,-Code civil, Code civil, u. 544: n nn u. 544: n nn mx nun m nm mx nun m nm mmV C, u. 58V C, u. 58(1) (1) ! ! ! " # ! " # (2)(2) $ $ % & % & ' %, % ' %, % (" (" (3)(3) ) (* ) (* " " *+ #+! *+ #+!! ! ) ! ! ) !? ( , , u. 1 , n, :u. 1 , n, :@@ A*+ ( = ) ( A*+ ( = ) ( ) & " ). B ) ) & " ). B ) > " ) ) ") > " ) ) ") ( ) (,) *) (>) ( ) (,) *) (>) +) ), (C.+) ), (C. *+ #+! *+ #+!! ! ) ! ! ) V E n: V E n:'' = ) ( " ) = ) ( " ) " " (, ? (!, " " (, ? (!, ( &) ? ,. B ( &) ? ,. B ) > " ** * * ) > " ** * * " , +") ( ) " , +") ( ) (,) *) * () (+ (,) *) * () (+ * & . D( ) * & . D( ) *) , ) " " (? * *) , ) " " (? * (> C. (> C. *+ #+! *+ #+!! ! ) ! ! ) 1. 1.m m: n, mn , m m: n, mn , m m ( m )( m )2. 2.Hmn mn...m Hmn mn...m nnnn3. 3.Hmn nun: Hmn nun: m nx m nx Hmn nun: n nHmn nun: n nun nu n mh. m: . un nu n mh. m: . n x . E n x . E C . n n nC . n n n C nx C nx Cn nn n n Cn nn n n ..C :C : mn mx mn mx /. n...h...) /. n...h...) in commercio, in commercio, in patrimonioin patrimonioC nC n''n ; 'n n.n ; 'n n.C 'C ' C nx C nx n :n : m m n (n)n (n)n , n n..n , n n..''C xnx n xm nx C xnx n xm nx Kn Kn C nm (mn., nunm C nm (mn., nunm nm) xm ( , x...)nm) xm ( , x...) nu (n) nu (n) mm: :n xm nn (nu n xm nn (nu SuperIicies solo cedit,modus acquirendi SuperIicies solo cedit,modus acquirendi n n nx n nnm, nx n nnm, nn, n...)nn, n...) nn nn nn nn n n

nn nn nn n nn n (nn nn ) (nn nn ) nnu nnu n (n) mn m n (n) mn m nn nmn nn nmn (n (n n nn xn nn x n) n) n n+ , -. + , -. - - . ' . ' n x x n x x''Hn x; Hn x; " =" " " =" " )")" n nB x m n B x m n ::Cnn x: nmn, Cnn x: nmn, mnmnnn x (mn, u)nn x (mn, u) m um () m um () n nE)E) x x n n n . Cn n n n . Cn n n nm nmn.n n nm nmn.K K )=)= (n) nh (n) nh () nm n () nm n (mn), u x .(mn), u x .F="F=" n n nm n n nm mm, n n, nn n mm, n n, nn n mn. mn. .! .! An n x. An n x. G=G= n n x; n n x; n n B x nun n nun B x nun n nun x (m nun n ) x (m nun n )H" =H" =; m; nun n ; m; nun n H" )H" ); m n; nun ; m n; nun n n (( m) m)H" ( H" ( ; m;; m; .! .! Hnmn (nn nn Hnmn (nn nn n hn x) n hn x)B nmn:B nmn:n, n, n m, n m, n n, n n, n; x n nmn; n n; x n nmn; n n )n ) .! .! " "+ " "+,/-,/-Mn : Mn : n , n , A) ?" , = A) ?" , = (, (, x n; mnun x n; mnun n n. n n.(n)(n)/%&0 0/%&0 0 -. -. nx nx -, 0.-, 0. m n m n1 -.1 -. .! .! " "+ " "+,/-,/-(' mn)nm , n (' mn)nm , n m m M x mnun m M x mnun m ( xn)( xn)Mnun (x nmn): Mnun (x nmn): mnun , m mnun , m m , , m m , , m m n m n .! .! " "+ " "+,0-,0-mn mn "( "1 (2 "( "1 (2 ,"+- ## ,"+- ## , , !" 3!" ) ! ! !" 3!" ) ! ! "+4 "+4 3 " +5 ! 3 " +5 ! 6 "1" (4 3+ "+ 6 "1" (4 3+ "+ + +" + " + 7 7 ! # ! # 7 7 .! .! " "+ " "+,8-,8-Hnmn mx :Hnmn mx :n: 'H..m (m) n: 'H..m (m) n... nnn... nn m: 'H ...m, n n m: 'H ...m, n n n...n... n: 'H n... n: 'H n...Fn H (,n)... Fn H (,n)... Hn mx n, Hn mx n, mm nnmm nnn n nmn n n nmn ...nn n mn...nn n mn '('(% !" (: % !" (: + , " (" + , " (" * = ) * = ) ;" ,% ( ;" ,% ( A+ * A+ * * ( ) ) * ( ) ); )%.; )%. '( & !"'( & !"xn n , : xn n , :...Vx mn ...Vx mn %( %( (, n (, nn n ). n n ). hnm m mx hnm m mx ( ( ) ) nn x ( x ( n, m) n, m) x xxn n n n m (m nxn n n n m (m n n),... n),...xn n n xn n n9:;?@@:@@=?A=@ 9:;?@@:@@=?A=@ ! ,"- ++! ! ,"- ++! ((I1.J54I1.J54; ; m xnnx nm xnnx nK39254K39254 rem pro sibi habendirem pro sibi habendi( n n ( n n 039254 J144-3L9039254 J144-3L9))M-N-3N91M-N-3N91K x n n, K x n n, nnO5049 J144-4491O5049 J144-4491; ; xn n xn n xn mnm xn mnm ! ,B"C4 #"- ++! ! ,B"C4 #"- ++! ((I1.J54I1.J54K39254 J144-3L9K39254 J144-3L9PP n n n n ('nmn mn xn ): ('nmn mn xn ): n...n...m : n n m : n n n n mnn n mnmn mn 3n nnm mn mn 3n nnm n-nm nmn-nm nm (: (: ((B( =B( = n u n n u n m m n. m m n.Q Q x x nm m nm m (( xn xn ( n x n ( n x n m n n).m n n).n xn ('n n xn ('n xn).xn).Hm , n.: , , Hm , n.: , , ... nn, m m n ... nn, m m n mn mn (: (: (( ,-,-n xn m xn. H n xn m xn. H nn n xn x nn n xn x xn m, m m xn m, m m mhn.mhn.n nn xn x n nn xn x n n n x n n n x xm xm (: ( (: ( ( ( Km : m xn Km : m xn x .x .P P n xn: x n xn: x m nm n n nun n m nm n n nun n nm n, m nm n, m n. n.P (P (: x m nm : x m nm m n x m n x n; m n n; m n n n n .n n n .K n nn . K n nn . xn, nn xn ....xn, nn xn .... (: )1 ( (: )1 ( ((R!+R!+: xn n nm : xn n nm n u n . n u n .: xn n nm m : xn n nm m m . m . *"+ *"+ , n , n ?? (: )1 ( (: )1 ( ( ,-( ,-22 n u n u xn:xn:un u u xun u u xHmn u Hmn u n xn n, n n xn n, n n xn , n xn xn , n x)()( m m, mhn xn m m, mhn xn mm ( ( : :3 , 3- (3 , 3- (S " + () S " + () () () ;)% () () () ;)% () ( ( ( " = >( " = >3n n xn3n n xnm m nm m n3n nn xn; 3n nn xn; nn nn nn nn 3nu : 3nu : "" ( ( : :3 , 3- (3 , 3- (2% 32% 3m nm nnmn m nnmn m nn nn n n (nm n) n (nm n)(nn mn xn)(nn mn xn) ( ( : : ( ( &0 &0 &0 &0 ((n: n mx n nm n: n mx n nm Cn n xn: n Cn n xn: n n nn n ( ( : : ( (Cn nn xnCn nn xn Mala Iide superveniens (non) nocetMala Iide superveniens (non) nocetCn nn xnCn nn xnn n xnn n xn ( ( : : ") ( ") (D): D): xn un xn un vi, clam vi, clam praecariopraecario: xn un m n : xn un m n xn x mnm xn x mnm xn n nu xn n nu xn (xn (res nullius)res nullius) +2 (+2 (m: n u -m: n u -xnn n xnn n animus possendianimus possendiun:un:,/- ,/- ,#4 - ,#4 -

n xn n n n xn n n nu xn (nu xn (res nullius)res nullius)m ( m): hn mm ( m): hn m +2 ( & +2 ( & 0E ,-0E ,-n xn n xn n h xn:n h xn:2. Cmn (mn); m (1)2. Cmn (mn); m (1)2. n; m hn m 2. n; m hn m nn ( (11. un (. un (traditio vera)traditio vera) n n nn xnnn xnhn nm nm hn nm nm xnnx nxnnx nCun n nn xn Cun n nn xn n nnm: 'mn mn n nnm: 'mn mn xnnx n, mun , xnnx n, mun , n mmn n...n mmn n... n xn - nn xn - n1.1.Traditio simbolicaTraditio simbolica n m n mV: mn n V: mn n u u 2. 2. Traditio Iictiva Traditio Iictiva n n x, n n x, n n xn xn n n xn xn nn xn , nm nn xn , nm nn xn xn nn xn xn n n xnn n xn T ! (= (= (= ( 3 ( 3Ratio lRatio lgis gis n mm n mmC xn x mnun C xn x mnun mn xnnm n mn xnnm n m n un n m n un n mn nunmn nunH mn n n H mn n n mn xn, n n mn xn, n n n xnn xnB xn: () mn xnB xn: () mn xn() mn xn() mn xn "2 ( & !""2 ( & !"() n nun u () n nun u mu n n (m: mu n n (m: h nn)nn h nn)nn n xn n xn () un x n u () un x n u (m: (m: nmn )nmn ) "2 ( !" ,-"2 ( !" ,-Cmn nm nm n Cmn nm nm n n n (u m h n n (u m h m)m)Cmn nnm n: mn Cmn nnm n: mn nn() m nm () () m nm () m nmm nm() n nn n() n nn n ( 3 3 ( ( 3 3 (Tx mn xn ( Tx mn xn ( )). Tx:m x. Tx:m x. Txn: mn x (. Txn: mn x (in rem)in rem)............. xn (..... xn (in personam)in personam). 3x: . 3x: . : xn x . : xn x xn x ( x m xn x ( x m xn)xn) ( 3# 3"2 ( & ( 3# 3"2 ( & . : m . : m xn xxn x. : n 30, . : n 30, n n nn n n. xn nn . xn nn mn: m n mn: m n n n ( 3# "2 (( 3# "2 (2) Tx mn xn2) Tx mn xn. Tx: x. Tx: x. Txn: n m, um n . Txn: n m, um n mm. 3x: (1) n mn, (2) . 3x: (1) n mn, (2) hmn hmn n, (3) n n, (3) n mn nm nun mn nm nun n.....n...... : xn, mn. : xn, mn. : ( 'xn mn. : ( 'xn mn ##1. 1. n n m n n m2. 2. n n m n n m3. 3. 4. 4. nn nn..........................................................5. 5. Exceptio vitiosae possessionis ad adversario Exceptio vitiosae possessionis ad adversario (( mn xn) mn xn)6. 6. Exceptio petitorium absorbat possessorium (Exceptio petitorium absorbat possessorium ( mn n m...mn mn n m...mn mn) mn) 3m nn n xn3m nn n xn,/- ( ( 3:,/- ( ( 3:" 6" +"" 6" +"" " (+" " (+,0- ( ( 3:,0- ( ( 3:" 6"4 (+ " 6"4 (+ 32 32( (5 3 ! ( (5 3 ! # (+ ,2 2 # (+ ,2 2 " (-E 6 " " (-E 6 " ! 6 ! 6

3m nn n xn3m nn n xn(n)(n)" ":" ":E 3" ( ,1 E 3" ( ,1 (+ - (+ -E ": "2 12 E ": "2 12 62 62 ;; O" O" )( )( (1) (1)3m m m: x n x3m m m: x n x n x nm xn m n x nm xn mn n mn xn n n mn xn xnxn(2) 3m mh x:(2) 3m mh x:3 mn (n un nm 3 mn (n un nm u x)u x)3 mn: m m xn 3 mn: m m xn x (n n) x (n n)C nm nn mC nm nn m 1 %( 1 %( $%$%; h m n ; h m n n mn xn; xn m mx n mn xn; xn m mx u nu n2 4 ! 2 4 ! * * , % % , % % , % %( -5 % , % %( -5 % 4 %(.4 %(., & , & 6( 6( $$ * & %( * & %( V:V:() nn n ( n: () nn n ( n: m m xnx mn)m m xnx mn)() mn (nmn) () mn (nmn) mmmm() n n n x () n n n x () mn() mnxn mm m (30 .1 .) xn mm m (30 .1 .) aan xn x; n xn x; m: m xn nm nmm: m xn nm nm n - m n - m n hn n hn Q " " ( & (& Q " " ( & (& ) "((" ;"("% ) "((" ;"("% +, " ) + ) *)C +, " ) + ) *)C (un 544 (un 544 Code civil)Code civil)Cxn n:Cxn n:U54 J144-3L9 ;U54 J144-3L9 ;mn xn )mn xn )U54 5N-3L9U54 5N-3L9 ;;mn mn %%U54 V.5-3L9 U54 V.5-3L9 ;;mn n mn n %%U54 0W5N-3L9 U54 0W5N-3L9 ;;mn u n mn u n n)n)U54 0L29394N.0N-3L9 U54 0L29394N.0N-3L9 (mn n)(mn n) n - n - An nAn n) ) & & -./0 123-4-./0 123-4% ( &% ( &) ) (ius recadentiae)(ius recadentiae)nun (n) nnun (n) n ! & #12 ! & #12nun n n nun n n nunnunm n n n m n n n aa n mn xn mn n mn xn mnHmn nunm nx Hmn nunm nx Hmn nunn nHmn nunn nEEnn..........................................................................................................

! & #12 ! & #12nun nun " " /n mn /n mn x, V C/x, V C/nun nun " /( =.../" /( =.../nun nun /nun mn//nun mn/. . Iura in re allieanaIura in re allieana. 3n nun xn: . 3n nun xn: mhm , , mhm , , . n nn.; u n . n nn.; u n u n, u n u n, u n xn hn, u n, xn hn, u n, u u n n VC VC nn n n - nun- nunn mn x V n mn x V C C n n nnm n: n n nnm n:- m- m- n n nm ()- n n nm ()- n n nm :- n n nm :() () () n ()() n ()() nxn n n() nxn n n'' nun nun 3+!3+! / / nnnnnn ,-#" 3"2 ! ,-#" 3"2 ! 3+!3+!mn mn nu nu n n n (xn n n n (xn n mhnn )n mhnn ) nn nnmnmnu mn u mn 1 3+!1 3+!u n nu n nmn mn unx mn mn unx n un n xmn un n xmu n u n u nun nnu nun nnVmn Vmn m, n n m, n n xnxnS) (* (, " ) *") S) (* (, " ) *") = = ? = = ? (, " &?) *+& (, " &?) *+& =) >T&. =) >T&.mhm , , . mhm , , . n nnn nnCn nCn n (n m nm (n m nm nm xnmnm xnm ""Mhm /nun nn/ Mhm /nun nn/ - n mh, n mh- n mh, n mh xn xn , m... , m...3n n ...mn 3n n ...mn mm3x n unnn ...3x n unnn ... 1# +2 1# +2Vn nVn n u n, u u n, u n xn hn, n xn hn, u n, u u n, u Cn nCn n7& 7&: n m n nu n : n m n nu n( nux , n n n n( nux , n n n n ... ...) )6&36&3 n m nu n n m nu n n n xn n n xn1. ()n 1. ()n() nn (Km : n() nn (Km : n xn u n unn) xn u n unn)2. () Bm xn 2. () Bm xn() F xn (Km : () F xn (Km : xn u n unn) xn u n unn)8 % 48 % 4 !, ! !, ! Cn n n n n Cn n n n n xnm nm xnm nmn n unn: n n unn:1. 1. xn n xn n2. 2. n n ( n n (Iustus titulus) Iustus titulus)3. 3. un n ( un n (modus acquirendi) modus acquirendi)=PQJPQ JIJPRPQ =PQJPQ JIJPRPQ nxn n n n nxn n n n n: ( , mn, n, m,n: ( , mn, n, m, ...), nn n (mn, n n...), nn n (mn, n n n) n)SKHPQ GMTPIFUVHISKHPQ GMTPIFUVHInun n xm m: mmn nun n xm m: mmn m n n, m m ...nm n n, m m ...n nx, nn nx, nn modus acquirendi modus acquirendi ,, - - n m n m n n, mn m n n, mn m n n V ( n V ( n n): n): (1) nxn n (n (1) nxn n (n ?)?)(2) A ( n m )(2) A ( n m )(3) Vn n n n ( n (3) Vn n n n ( n mn )mn ) modus acquirendi modus acquirendi ,, - -! +! + *! *! n n , nmum , nmum m nx n m nx n m n (A.: m n (A.: AUWK XRPQ IPFIQEEEAUWK XRPQ IPFIQEEE n n ) n n ) B B