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Greetings of recommendation
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T&S
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(patient safety)
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. 2000 .
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6 , 2015 6
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(thinking) (suggestion)
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Thinking & Suggestion
(thinking) (suggestion)
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6 .
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Board Certified Pharmacotherapy Specialists
(BCPS), Board Certified Oncology Specialists (BCOP),
()
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1Part , 2Part
, Part
(Thinking) (Suggestion)
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(Thinking)
(Suggestion)
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T&S
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1.
2.
1.
2.
3.
1.
2.
PART 2. T&S
1.
2.
3. :
4. :
5.
6.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
1.
2.
1
4
10
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54
57
60
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76
79
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163
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PART 1.
1.
2.
3.
1.
2. ()
3.
4.
1.
2.
3.
1.
2.
1.
2.
1.
2.
3.
1.
2.
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1.
2.
004 Part 1_
1 1)
(Thinking)
(Suggestion) .
1 .
2 .
3 .
4 .
1/2NS noct. a.c. NS aa o.d. ad o.s.
amp o.u. aq.dest. oint. b.i.d. p.c. b.i.w p.m. B.S.A p.o. btl.,bot. p.r.
c pow. pulv cap., caps. prn
cr., crm q D.W. q.d. D5W q.i.d. dil. q.o.d. div. q.s. elix. s et s.s. ext SC, subc, subq,
fl., fld. Sig. ft. SL
garg sol gtt (s) stat h.s. supp i.c. susp ID syr IM t.i.d. inj. t.i.w. IP tab IV tbsp IVP tsp IVPB u.d., liq ut.dict. lot. vag
mist. w nebul w/o
. 005
T1 .
1999 (Institute of Medicine) To err is Human 4 4 9 8
.1 IOM 150
7,000 .2
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1 Institute of Medicine (IOM) Report 1999. http://www.iom.edu/~/media/Files/Report%20Files/1999/To-Err-is-Human/To% 20Err%20is%20Human%201999%20%20report%20brief.pdfhttp://www.jhsph.edu/news/stories/2006/wu-medication-errors.html
2 Institute of Medicine (IOM) Report 2006.http://iom.edu/~/media/Files/Report%20Files/2006/Preventing-Medication-Errors- Quality-Chasm-Series/medicationerrorsnew.pdfhttp://www.jhsph.edu/news/stories/2006/wu-medication-errors.html
S1
006 Part 1_
3
T2 .
.
,
.
( 26 2)
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.
3 Council on Credentialing in Pharmacy. Scope of contemporary pharmacypractice: Roles, Responsibilities,and functions of pharmacists andpharmacy technicians. J Am Pharm Assoc. 2010;50:e35e69
S2
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39 2
26 1
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13)
T3 .
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S3
008 Part 1_
()
()
1/2NS half normal
saline(0.45%)noct. nocte (at night)
a.c. ante cibos NS
(normal saline(0.9%))
aa ana o.d.oculus
dexter (right eye)
ad ad ~ o.s.oculus
sinister (left eye)
amp o.u.oculus
uterque
aq.dest. oint.
b.i.d. bis in die 12 p.c. post cibos
b.i.w 12 p.m.post
meridiem
B.S.A
(body surface areas)p.o. per os
(by mouth or orally)
btl.,bot. p.r. (by rectum)
c cum ~ pow. pulv
cap., caps. capsula prnpro re
nata(as needed)
cr., crm q quaque (every)
D.W. (distilled water) q.d.quaque
die(every day)
D5W dextrose 5% solution q.i.d.quater in
die
1 4
(four times a day)
dil. q.o.d.
div. q.s.quantum
sufficiat
(a sufficient quantity)
elix. (elixer) s sine without
et et s.s.
ext SC, subc,
subq,
fl., fld. (fluid) Sig. ,
ft. fiat SL (sublingually)
garg sol solutio , (solution)
T4 .
S4
. 009
()
()
gtt(s) gutta(e) , stat statim (immediately)
h.s. horasomni suppsuppositori
um(suppository)
i.c. inter
cibum(between meals) susp (suspension)
ID (intradermal) syr syrupus
IM (intramuscular t.i.d. ter in die1 3
(three times a day)
inj. injectio t.i.w. 1 3
(three times a week)
IP (intraperitoneal) tab tabella (tablet)
IV (intravenous) tbsp
IVP
(intravenous push)tsp
IVPB intravenous piggyback u.d.. ut dictum (as directed)
liq liquor (solution) ut.dict.
lot. vag (vaginally)
mist. mistura (mix) w ~ (with)
nebul nebula w/o ~ (without)
010 Part 1_
2 (Thinking)
(Suggestion) T&S .
1)
1 .
2 .
. 011
T1 .
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[ 18 1, 12]
221
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T2 .
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S1
S2
012 Part 1_
2)
1 .
2
.
1 (Lamictal) 2 (lamivudine) 150mg 1 1
3 C. difficile associated diarrhea
vancomycin
4 vecuronium pancuronium
3
.
1 finasteride
2 sildenafil 20mg tid
4
.
1 15 , mometasone furoate
5 ,
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6 .
7 .
. 013
T1 .
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(, ) ( ) (, ) ,
T2 .
1 (Lamictal) 2 (lamivudine) 150mg 1 1
3 C. difficile associated diarrhea vancomycin
4 vecuronium pancuronium
. , ( )
.
S1
S2
014 Part 1_
.
.
1 (Lamictal) (Lamisil)
.
Lamictal lamotrigine , lamisil
terbinafine .
2 (lamivudine) 150mg 1 1
HIV
lamivudine 100mg .
Lamivudine 150mg HIV ,
.
1 1 2 2 1 1. ,
lamivudine 100mg B
B TNF-
B .
3 C. difficile associated diarrhea vancomycin
Vancomcyin vancomycin
.
C.difficile
vancomycin
.
4 vecuronium pancuronium
Vecuronium pancuronium
.
. 015
.
.
T3 .
1 finasteride
2 sildenafil 20mg tid
.
.
1 finasteride
Finasteride 5mg
.
Finasteride
.4 finasteride
.
2 sildenafil 20mg tid
Sildenafil 50mg
(prn) .
.
4 Oliveira-Soares R et al. Finasteride 5mg/day Treatment of Patterned Hair Loss in Normo-androgenetic Postmenopausal Women.Int J Trichology. 2013 Jan;5(1):22-5
S3
016 Part 1_
T4 .
1 15 , mometasone furoate
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()
12
,
(, sucralfate ).
1 15 , mometasone furoate
(lower
potency steroid) . (7
4) mometasone furoate 2
. 2014 8 alclometasone dipropionate
1 , fluticasone propionate 3
. Clobetasol propionate
(7 1)
DUR 1 12
.
S4
. 017
T5 , .
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T6 .
.5
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5