U B N D T H A N H PHO HAI PHONG S d NONG NGHIEP VA

PHAT TRIEN NONG THON

C Q N G H O A X A U Q l CHU N G H I A VIET N A M

B Q C lap - T y do - Hanh phuc

S6: 14/HD-SNN H a i P h o n g , ngay 0 7 t h d n g 3 nam 2013

HlTOfNG DAN Phong, chong benh Cum gia cam (H5N1)

I. DAC DIEM CHUNG CUA BENH 1. Dac diem dich te hoc

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Cum gia cam la benh truyen nhiem nguy hiem tren dan gia cam, benh lay Ian nhanh, ty le chet cao; nguyen nhan gay benh do vi rut cum A, ho Orthomyxoviridae gom nhieu typ khac nhau; vi rut gay benh cum gia cam hien nay da dugc xac dinh thuoc typ H5N1; day la typ vi rut c6 doc lire va tinh bien di cao, CO kha nang ket hgp vai cac typ vi rut khac, nguy ca gay thanh dai dich.

Ga, vit, ngan, ngong, ga tay, da dieu, chim cut, cac loai chim canh, chim di cu... a mgi lua tuoi deu mac benh; dac biet cac loai thuy cam, chim di cu: c6, ngong trai, vit troi,,. thuong mang mam benh di xa, nen su lay Ian cua benh rat kho kiem soat.

V i nit cum gia cam H5N1 c6 the lay Ian, gay benh cho mot so dong vat c6 vu va nguai.

Cac chat sat trung thong thuong nhu Formol 3%, con, nuac voi, nuac xa phong, Clorrine, Iodine, voi bgt... deu tieu diet dugc vi rut; a nhiet do 60 - 70^C vi rut bi tieu diet sau 5 phut; trong chuong vi rut ton tai 35 ngay, a phan gia cam benh vi rut ton tai trong 3 thang.

Khi gia cam nhiem cum, vi rut dugc nhan len trong duong ho hap va tieu hoa; benh truyen lay theo hai phuong thuc:

True tiep do tiep xue giua con mac benh va con khoe. Gian tiep thong qua khong khi, dung cu chan nuoi, xe eg, phan rac, thuc an

nuoc uong... c6 nhiem mam benh; do nguoi tiep xue vai gia cam mac benh khong dugc Idiu trung dung quy dinh, sau do tiep xue va lay benh cho gia cam khoe.

Benh khong c6 thuoc dieu tri, chi c6 vac xin phong benh. 2. Trieu chirng, benh tich

2 . 1 , T r i e u chitng Thai gian nung benh tu vai gia den 3 ngay, c6 truong hgp den 21 ngay ke

tir khi nhiem vi rut den khi xuat hien trieu chung dau tien; ty le gia cam mac benh va chet cao, c6 khi toi 100%; benh xay ra quanh nam nhung tap trung nhieu a nhimg thang mua nhieu, giai doan chuyen mua, dieu kien thai tiet am uot tao dieu kien cho vi nit xam nhap va gay benh.

Gia cam mac benh sot cao, dung tum lai mot cho, long xu, kem an hoac bo an; kho tho, ho, tha nhanh, mao tich tim tai, chay nuoc mat, chay nuac dai a mo thanh sgi dai; phu dau phu mat, xuat huyet d viing da khong long, dac biet d ke ngon chan, cang chan; con vat bi tieu chay manh, phan loang mau trang hoac

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trang xanh; gia cam de trung ty le de giam ro ret hoac ngimg de, trung khong c6 v6; gia cam benh Ichat nuoc va chet nhanh.

Nhieu con c6 bieu hien than kinh di lai khong binh thuong, loang choang, run ray, ngheo dau, di vong quanh.

Trong mot so truong hop dich bung phat nhanh, gia cam chit khong c6 bilu hien trieu chung lam sang.

2.2. Benh tich V i rut CO trong hau het cac co quan noi tang cua gia cam bi benh ke ca mau,

tuy xuong, nao, nuoc dai, phan, long... Benh tich ben ngoai: Mao tich sung to tim tai, phu ne quanh mat, xu4t huy8t

vung da khong long dac biet o ke ngon chan, da cang chan. Benh tich ben trong: - Niem mac phe quan phu ne c6 chua day chat nhay. r Xoang bung tich nuoc hoac viem dinh. - Xuat huyet toan bo duong tieu hoa, dac biet o manh trang, noi tiep giap

giua da day tuyen va da day co. - Xuat huyet lam tam tren be mat niem mac, tuong mac noi tang va xuong uc. L m i y : henh t i c h c u a benh cum g i a cam t r e n g a r a t g i o n g benh t i c h c u a

benh N i u c a t x o m . II. PHONG, CHONG DICH BENH 1. Khi chira co djch Thuc hien dong bo cac bien phap sau: L I , Tuyen truyen ve phong benh Cong tac thong tin tuyen truyen can thuong xuyen, lien tuc nham pho bien

kien thuc ve tinh chat nguy hiem va bien phap phong chong dich cum gia cam toi tung ho gia dinh va cong dong, cu the:

- Ap dung cac bien phap an toan sinh hoc trong chan nuoi nhu: thuong xuyen cham soc tot cho vat nuoi, ve sinh chuong trai (che am vao mua dong, thoang mat vao mua he), dinh ky it nhat 1 lan/tuan tieu doc khu trung bang cac chat sat trung thong thuong nhu Clorrine, Iodine, voi hot, nuoc voi 20%...

- Nen tu tuc con giong trong tung gia dinh hoac tung thon; con giong mua tu noi khac ve nuoi phai dam bao ro nguon goc, co giay chung nhan kiem dich cua CO quan thu y hoac xuat phat tir vung an toan voi dich cum gia cam va dugc nuoi each ly it nhat 21 ngay truoc khi nhap dan; voi thuy cam nen nuoi nhot trong ao ho, dam, tranh tha tu do ngoai canh dong, tranh tiep xue voi chim hoang da.

- Tuyen truyen ngudi dan khong an gia cam mac benh, khong an tiet canh gia cam va cac san pham gia cam chua nau chin; khi tiep xue vol gia cam phai co bao hg ca nhan; sau khi tiep xue, che bien gia cam phai rua tay bang nuoc sach va xa phong.

- Tuyen truyen, van dong ngudi chan nuoi, buon ban, van chuyin, gilt mo gia cam, san pham gia cam canh giac voi dich cum gia cam, tich cue thuc hien cac bien phap phong chong dich, chu dong khai bao khi phat hien gia elm co bilu hien nghi mac benh cum; thuong xuyen to chuc ve sinh moi truong, tieu dgc khii

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trung chuong trai chan nuoi, noi tap trung giet mo, buon ban gia cam va san pham gia cam.

Tuyen truyen de huong cho ngudi dan tung budc thay doi phuong thuc chan nuoi; chuyen tu chan nuoi nho le, phan tan sang chan nuoi theo huong cong nghiep, ap dung cac bien phap an toan sinh hoe.

7.2. C h u dong giam sat, phat h i e n s&m dich benh Tram thu y huyen, quan phoi hop cung Uy ban nhan dan xa, phuong, thi

tran chi dao can bo thu y xa, truong thon, cac doan the quan chung tang cudng cong tac giam sat toi tung thon, xom nham chu dong phat hien sdm dich benh tren dan gia cam, ap dung cac bien phap xu ly kip thdi khong de dich lay Ian ra dien rong; dac biet tai vung 6 dich cij, khu virc co nguy co cao, vung chan nuoi tap trung, vung giap ranh voi cac tinh dang co dich.

Huong dan, don doc cac co sd, chu hp thuc hien nghiem eac quy dinh ve sinh thu y trong chan nuoi, giet mo, buon ban gia cam, san pham gia cam; khi phat hien gia cam co nhiJng bieu hien trieu chung dien hinh cua benh phai bao ngay cho can bp thu y va chinh quyen dia phuong.,.

1 3 , Ve sinh phong benh - Khu chan nuoi phai co hang rao, ranh gidi de each ly voi ben ngoai, co

ludi chan chim trdi; trudc loi ra - vao phai co ho sat trung; thudng xuyen thuc hien ve sinh chuong trai, bai chan tha, dung cu chan nuoi tieu diet cac loai gam nham, con trung nhu chupt, gian, ru6i...thirc hien khu trung tieu doc 1 lan/tuan, CO the su dung mot trong cac loai hoa chat sau: Clorrine, Iodine, nude voi 20% hoac voi bpt...

- Tang eudng cham soc nuoi duong dan gia cam; thuc an chan nuoi phai dam bao tieu chuan ve sinh thu y, khong su dung thuc an am moc, khong dam bao chat lupng.

- Nude su dung trong chan nuoi, che bien thuc an chan nuoi phai bao dam ve sinh thu y; thudng xuyen khu trimg tieu doc dung cu chan nuoi, mang an mang uong va phuong tien van chuyen.

- Han che ngudi ra - vao khu chan nuoi; ngudi chan nuoi, khach tham quan, nhan vien thu y trudc khi ra vao khu vuc chan nuoi phai dupe ve sinh, khu trung va su dung trang bi bao hp.

- Sau moi Ian xuat ban gia cam phai ve sinh, sat triang tieu dpc va de trong chuong trong thdi gian toi thieu 15 ngay trudc khi nhap gia cam moi ve nuoi.

- Nuoi gia cam rieng biet theo tung lua tuoi; khong nuoi Ian cac loai gia cam trong cung mot chuong nuoi; thuc hien quy trinh chan nuoi "'ciing n h a p , c u n g x u a t ' ' ; hoac khi nhap dan moi phai nuoi each ly theo doi it nhat 21 ngay.

1,4, Vac x i n phong benh Su dung vac xin phong benh cum gia cam H5N1 chung Re6 theo Huong

dan s6 12/HD-SNN ngay 07/3/2013 cua Sd Nong nghiep va PTNT v l viec Hudng dan ky thuat su dung vac xin tiem phong cho dan gia sue, gia cam tren dia ban thanh pho Hai Phong nam 2013, cu the:

Doi tuong tiem phong: vit, ngan (vit xiem) tu 14 ngay tuoi trd len * D o i v a i v i t :

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Vit tir 14 - 35 ngay tuoi: Tiem mui thu nhat voi lieu 0,5ml/con; sau 28 ngay tiem nhac lai mui thu hai voi lieu 1 ml/con; sau do cu 5 thang tiem nhac lai 1 Ian voi lieu 1 ml/con.

Vit tren 35 ngay tuoi: Tiem miii thu nhat voi lieu Iml/con, sau 28 ngay tiem nhac lai mui thu hai voi lieu Iml/con, sau 5 thang tiem nhac lai 1 Ian voi lieu Iml/con.

L u u y: Doi voi vit giong, vit de trung thuong pham da tiem du so miii vac xin H5N1 theo quy dinh vao nam 2012 thi tiem 1 mui voi lieu 1 ml/con, sau do cu 5 thang tiem nhac lai 1 Ian voi lieu 1 ml/con.

* D o i v a i n g a n : Ngan tu 14 ~ 35 ngay tuoi: Tiem miai thu nhat voi lieu 0,5ml/con; sau 28

ngay tiem nhac lai mui thu hai voi lieu l,5ml/con; sau do eu 5 thang tiem nhac lai 1 Ian voi lieu Iml/con.

Ngan tren 35 ngay tuoi: Tiem mui thu nhat voi lieu l,5ml/con; sau 28 ngay tiem nhac lai mGi thu hai voi lieu Iml/con; sau do eu 5 thang tiem nhac lai 1 Ian voi lieu l,5ml/con.

Vi t r i t i e m : Tiem duoi da co o 1/3 phia tren phan gan than hoac tiem bap thit phan tren cua co nguc.

L 5 . Kiem dich van chuyen Kiem soat chat che viec van chuyen gia cam, san pham cua gia cam ra vao

dia phuong. Thudng true 24/24 gid tai cae tram kiem dich dau moi giao thong ra - vao thanh pho, thanh lap cac chot kiem dich tam thdi tai cac dudng nhanh noi tiep giap vdi tinh dang co dich nham kiem soat chat che Ichong de gia cam, san pham gia cam mang mam benh xam nhap vao dia ban thanh pho lam lay Ian dich benh.

To chuc thu giir, tieu huy gia cam mac benh hoac gia cam, san pham gia cam van chuyen vao dia ban thanh pho khong cd giay chung nhan kiem dich hgp le, khong ro nguon goc hoac van chuyen tir vung dich; chu gia cam khong dugc boi thudng, phai ehiu xu phat hanh chinh va chi phi tieu huy.

2. Khi CO dich 2 . 1 . K h a i bao va xu ly o dich Cac ho chan nuoi khi phat hien gia cam co cac dau hieu cua benh cum gia

cam phai: - Bao ngay cho can bg thu y hoac chinh quyen dia phuong; - Nhot rieng gia cam nghi mac benh ra khu vuc Ichac; - Thuc hien ve sinh, khu trung tieu doc Ichu vuc chan nuoi; - Khong buon ban, van chuyen gia cam, san pham gia cam ra khdi khu vuc

chan nuoi khi chua c6 ket luan cua co quan thu y eo tham quyen. Can bg thu y xa, phudng, thi tran sau khi nhan dugc thong bao, phai den kiem

tra, xac minh va hudng dan ngudi chan nuoi cac bien phap each ly gia cam benh, ve sinh tieu dgc, cham soc dan gia cam, dong thdi bao ngay cho tram thu y huyen, quan, Uy ban nhan dan xa, phudng, thi tran de c6 bien phap xu ly kip thdi.

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Tram thu y huyen, quan khi nhan dugc thong bao, phai din ki lm tra, xac minh; bao cao ngay v l Chi cue Thu y thanh ph6 va Uy ban nhan dan huyen, quan de phoi hgp kiem tra, lay mau xet nghiem va ap dung cac bien phap xu ly gia cam benh theo quy dinh.

Tien hanh khoanh vung, each ly triet de 6 dich va huy dong cac luc lugng thu y, cong an, quan ly thi truong..., lap cac tram, chot kiem dich 6 cac true giao thong chinh xung quanh vung dich va viing giam sat. Dat bien bao khu vuc co dich, huong dan tranh di qua viing dich. To chuc phun khu trimg cac phuong tien van chuyen tu vung djch di ra ngoai.

Tuyet doi khong dua gia cam mac benh hoac da tiep xue voi gia cam benh ra ngoai 6 djch; nguoi khong c6 nhiem vu khong dugc di vao 6 dich; ngudi, phuong tien vao 6 dich trudc khi ra khdi 6 dich phai dugc tay trimg that ky nham ngan chan viec dua mam benh ra ben ngoai; khong ban chay hoac phan tan gia cam khdi vung dich, khong vut xac gia cam chet ra ngoai moi trudng.

Thanh lap dgi xung kich chong dich, gom dan quan tu ve, thanh nien, can bg thu y, y te, cong an ...eo nhiem vu thu gom va tieu huy xac gia cam, tong ve sinh tieu dgc khu trung, true tai cac chot kiem dich va cac nhiem vu khac do Ban chi dao phong chong dich phan cong.

Thong ke so lugng, loai gia cam mac benh, sd hg gia dinh co gia cam mac benh, tong dan gia cam cam nhiem trong tung thon de co phuong an giam sat, phat hien, xu ly kip thdi. Yeu cau tat ca cac hg chan nuoi phai nuoi nhot gia cam d noi CO dinh, nhot rieng tung loai, nghiem cam nuoi ga tha rong, vit chay dong; rac voi bgt xung quanh khu vuc chan nuoi; dinh chi mgi boat dong buon ban, giet mo gia cam trong khu vuc dich.

2 , 2 , Thirc h i e n tieu huy g i a cam mac benh trong vung dich 2 . 2 . 1 . D o i t u o n g t i e u huy Thuc hien theo Thong tu so 69/2005/TT-BNN ngay 07/11/2005 cua Bg

Nong nghiep va Phat trien nong thon ve Hudng dan mot so bien phap cap bach phong chong dich cum gia cam, cu the: Gia cam bi benh hoac nghi mac benh trong vung dich; phan rac, thuc an du thira trong chuong; vat dung re tien mau hong su dung trong qua trinh nuoi, cac loai quan ao bao hg dung 1 Ian...

Khi dich xay ra tai mot hg va cae hg xung quanh nuoi nhot thi tieu huy toan bg so gia cam eua hg do; neu cac hg nuoi tha rong thi tieu huy toan bg so gia cam cua cae hg nuoi xung quanh; khi dich xay ra tai 2 diem khac nhau trd len trong thon nuoi gia cam tha rong thi tieu huy toan bg so gia cam nuoi trong thon do. Can eu vao ket qua xet nghiem va dien bien tinh hinh dich, B C D PCD quyet dinh pham vi tieu huy; phai tieu huy tat ca cac dan gia cam phat hien cd vi rut mac du khong cd trieu chung lam sang; viec tieu huy gia cam dugc thuc hien cang nhanh cang tot va phai theo hudng dan cua co quan thu y.

2 . 2 . 2 . Quy t r i n h t i e u huy g i a cam mac benh * Lam chet gia cam: Tat ca gia cam trudc khi tieu huy phai dugc lam chet

mot each nhanh chdng, nhan dao va dugc cho vao bao bugc chat dau bao. Xe chd gia cam can phai phun thuoc khu trung trudc khi trd gia cam di tieu huy.

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* Quy trinh chon huy: theo Cong van s6 2129/TY-DT ngay 25/12/2008 eua Cue Thu y ve Huong dan cae bien phap ky thuat nham ung pho nhanh voi cac 6 dich cum gia cam the doc luc cao, cu the:

- Ho chon: each xa gieng nuoc, ao ho, khu chan nuoi va khu dan cu 50 -100m; vi tri ho chon tot nhat ngay tai trai, khu ehan nuoi c6 gia cam mac benh; kich thuoc ho chon eo the tham khao tai bang sau:

TT So lugng

(kg)

Mue nuoc ngam > 3m Muc nuoc ngam < 3m TT

So lugng

(kg) Chieu sau Chieu dai Chieu ngang Chieu sau Chieu dai

Chieu ngang

1 1,000 1.5-2.0 1.5-2.0 1.5-2.0 1.0-1.5 2.5-3.0 1.5-2.0 2 5,000 1.5-2.0 5.0-6.0 2.0-3.0 1.0-1.5 7.0 -8.0 2.0-3.0 3 10,000 2.0-2.5 6.0 - 7.0 2.5-3.0 1.0-1.5 6.0 - 7.0 2.5-3.0 4 20,000 2.0-2.5 12.0-14.0 2.5-3.0 1.0-1.5 15.0- 2.5-3.0

- Sau khi dao ho xong, rai mot lop voi bgt voi dinh muc 1 kg/m , trai mot tam nhua tong hgp mem de chong ro ri, dien tich tam nilon phai dugc tinh toan dua theo kich thuoc ho chon.

- Cac tui chua gia cam, chat thai, phan, thuc an thira... khi van chuyen den ho chon phai dugc phun hoa chat khu trung tieu dgc; chong ro ri, roi vai trong qua trinh van chuyen.

- Chat cac tui chua gia cam da dugc giet chet vao day ho (tui nilon phai dugc rach ra). Sau khi dua het lugng gia cam va chat phai tieu thuy xuong ho, phun h6a chat khu trung tieu dgc hoac rac voi bgt tren be mat de ngan ngua su phan tan mam benh trong qua trinh chon; sau do gap phu tam nilon qua mieng ho.

- Lap dat phu be mat voi do day tu 0,6 - Im tinh tu lop xac gia cam, nen dat tren be mat that chat; lap dat thanh hinh u de ngan nuoc chay vao trong ho; phun khu trung khu vuc chon lap de hoan tat qua trinh tieu huy,

- Dat bien bao diem tieu huy gia cam mac benh cum va cu ngudi theo doi, giam sat ho chon de xu ly kip thdi cac sir co nun, sut ho chon...

2 , 3 . Ve sinhy tieu doc k h u t r u n g * Tai d dich: Doi tugng tieu dgc gom tat ca cac vat dung, thiet bi chan nuoi, phuong tien

van chuyen c6 tiep xue vdi gia cam bi benh; chuong trai nuoi gia cam benh; noi lam chet gia cam va noi tieu huy gia cam...

- Ve sinh co gidi: Thu gom chat thai, phan rac d noi nuoi nhot gia cam bi benh de dot hoac chon; rua nen chuong, dung cu chan nuoi bang nude xa phong; phan rac thu gom phai dugc dot hoac chon u, khong dugc thai ra ngoai moi trudng.

- Ve sinh bang hoa chat: Sau khi ve sinh co gidi, de kho va tien hanh phun hoa chat khu trung len toan bg nen, tuong va mai cua chuong nuoi, dung cu chan nuoi, loi di lai, bai chan tha...l lan/ngay va lien tuc trong 7 ngay; tien hanh ve sinh tieu doe khu trung moi trudng trong vong ban kinh 3 km tir diem cd dich; phun thuoc Idiu triing cac phuong tien ra vao khu vuc cd dich.

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* Vung xung quanh 6 dich: To chuc ve sinh tieu doc khu trung chuong trai, dung cu chan nuoi, bai chan

tha, nai buon ban gia cam song, co sd giet mo, che bien gia cam... tranh tiep xue vdi vung dich, rac vdi bo d dudng lang, ngo xom.

Ngudi thuc hien phun thuoc khu triing can dugc hudng dan ky thuat va co trang bi bao hg.

2.4. Tiem phong vac x i n bao vdy d dich To chirc tiem vac xin phong benh cum gia cam (neu c6 vac xin phu hgp

theo chi dao cua ea quan thii y) cho toan bg gia cam trong vung vanh dai 3 - 5 km tinh tir chu vi diem dich.

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3. Cong bo het dich va chan nuoi trd lai 6* cac co" sd da co djch xay ra 3 . 1 . Cong bo h i t dich Viec cong bd het dich dugc thuc hien tai thdi diem 30 ngay ke tir ngay

con vat mac benh cuoi ciing da dugc tieu huy; tai vung cd dich va viing Ichong che da thuc hien cac bien phap tong ve sinh, khir triing tieu dgc 1 lan/ngay, lien tuc trong 7 ngay d toan bg khu vuc chuong nuoi, dudng di lai trong thon xom, noi lam chet va nai chon huy gia cam.

3.2. D i e u kien chan n u o i t r d l a i Sau khi c6 quyet dinh cong bo het dich, cac ca sd ehan nuoi cd gia cam

mac benh can thuc hien cac bien phap sau: - To chuc tong ve sinh khu triing tieu dgc triet de Ichu vuc chan nuoi. - De trong chuong it nhat 21 ngay; trudc khi nuoi gia cam trd lai, co sd

chan nuoi phai dugc phun thuoc khu triing hang ngay va thuc hien lien tuc trong 7 ngay.

- Gia cam nhap ve nuoi phai ro nguon goc, khong d trong viing dich cum gia cam va dugc nuoi each ly theo doi 21 ngay.

Trong qua trinh thuc hien, neu gap vudng mac cac dia phuong, don vi phan anh kip thdi ve co quan thu y de phoi hgp giai quyet./. ^ r : ^

N a i n h a n : - Bo Nong nghiep va PTNT; - UBND TP; - UBND cac huyen, quan; - Phong Chan nuoi; - Chi cue Thu y; - TT KNKN; - Lim: VP, TY.

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