Hrvatska znanstvena bibliografija · 2019. 7. 23. · zasnovanih na eksplozivnim sklekovima – pilot studija Evaluation of eld tests for assessment of upper-body power based on explosive

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INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE

EFFECTS OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY APPLICATION TO ANTHROPOLOGICAL STATUS

WITH CHILDREN, YOUTH AND ADULTS

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Međunarodna naučna konferencijaEfekti primene fi zičke aktivnosti na antropološki status dece, omladine i odraslih / Zbornik sažetaka

International Scientifi c ConferenceEff ects of Physical Activity Application to Anthropological Status With Children, Youth and Adults / Book of Abstract

Izdavač / Published byUniverzitet u Beogradu, Fakultet sporta i fi zičkog vaspitanja /University of Belgrade, Faculty of Sport and Physical Education

Urednik / EditorProf. dr Dušan Mitić

Naučni odbor / Scientifi c BoardPredsednik / President Prof. dr Dušan Mitić, Univerzitet u Beogradu, Fakultet sporta i fi zičkog vaspitanja

Članovi / MembersČlanovi sa matične institucije / Members from the Institution

Prof. dr Božo Bokan Van. prof. dr Milivoj DopsajProf. dr Dragoljub Višnji� Van. prof. dr Marija MacuraProf. dr Dušanka Lazarevi� Van. prof. dr Marina �or�evi� Niki�Prof. dr Stanimir Stojiljkovi� Van. prof. dr Aleksandra Popovi�Van. prof. dr Goran Kasum Doc. dr Sanja Mandari� Članovi sa ostalih nacionalnih institucija / Members of other National InstitutionsProf. dr Sanja Mazi�, Univerzitet u Beogradu, Medicinski fakultet /University of Belgrade, Faculty of MedicineProf. dr Fadilj Eminovi�, Univerzitet u Beogradu, FASPER/ University of Belgrade, FASPERProf. dr Nada Ka�avenda-Radi�, Univerzitet u Beogradu, Filozofski fakultet /University of Belgrade, Faculty of PhilosophyProf. dr Bojan Ili�, Univerzitet u Beogradu, Fakultet organizacionih nauka /University of Belgrade, Faculty of Organizational SciencesProf. dr �irovi� Goran, Visoka gra�evinsko-geodetska škola strukovnih studija /Vocational civil engineering and geodetic schoolProf. dr Vladimir Jakovljevi�, Univerzitet u Kragujevcu, Medicinski fakultet / University of Kragujevac, Faculty of MedicineProf. dr Blagojevi� Dušan, Institut Siniša Stankovi� / Institute Siniša Stankovi�Prof. dr Dejan �ubrilo, Fakultet za sport i turizam, Novi Sad /Faculty of Sport and Tourisma, Novi Sad

Članovi iz inostranstva / Foreign MembersProf. Slobodan Jarić , Ph.D. (University Delaware, USA)Prof. Erdal Zorba, Ph.D. (School of Physical Education and Sport, Gazi University, Turkey)Prof. Dana Badau, Ph.D. (University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Tirgu Mures, Romania)Prof. Mehmet Gunay , Ph.D. (School of Physical Education and Sport, Gazi University, Turkey) Prof. Peter Hofmann , Ph.D. (FACSM, Institute of Sports Science, University of Graz)Prof. Ivo Jirasek , Ph.D. (Palacky University, Faculty of Physical Culture, Olomouc, Czech Republic)Prof. Mirna Andrijašević , Ph.D. (University of Zagreb, Faculty of Kinesiology)Prof. Evdokia Samouilidou, Ph.D. (Experimental High School Smyrna & Evangelical School, Athens, Greece) Prof. Alexandar Nazarkin , Ph.D. (Th e Institute of Clinical Rehabilitation, Tula, Russia)Prof. Marc Cloes, Ph.D. (International Association of Physical Education in Higher Education, University of Liege)Prof. Branislav Antala, Ph.D. (Comenius University, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Bratislava, Slovakia)

Organizacioni odbor / Organizational BoardPredsednik / President Prof. dr Goran Nešić, Univerzitet u Beogradu, Fakultet sporta i fi zičkog vaspitanja

Generalni sekretar konferencije / Secretary general of the ConferenceAs. Goran Prebeg, Univerzitet u Beogradu, Fakultet sporta i fi zičkog vaspitanja

Članovi / Membersdoc. dr Dejan Suzović, Univerzitet u Beogradu, Fakultet sporta i fi zičkog vaspitanjadoc. dr Ana Orlić, Univerzitet u Beogradu, Fakultet sporta i fi zičkog vaspitanja doc. dr Ana Vesković , Univerzitet u Beogradu, Fakultet sporta i fi zičkog vaspitanja dr Jelena Jovanović, Univerzitet u Beogradu, Fakultet sporta i fi zičkog vaspitanjaNastavnik stranog jezika Gordana Vekarić , Univerzitet u Beogradu, Fakultet sporta i fi zičkog vaspitanja As. mr Zoran Bratuša , Univerzitet u Beogradu, Fakultet sporta i fi zičkog vaspitanja As. Miloš Mudrić , Univerzitet u Beogradu, Fakultet sporta i fi zičkog vaspitanja As. Radivoj Mandić , Univerzitet u Beogradu, Fakultet sporta i fi zičkog vaspitanja As. Miloš Marković , Univerzitet u Beogradu, Fakultet sporta i fi zičkog vaspitanjamr Jezdimir Marsenić, Asocijacija Sport za Sve Srbije

Prevod na srpski i engleski / Transleted by: Gordana Vekarić

Kompjuterska obrada i grafi čki dizajn/ Technical aditing - layout: Anka Srećković, dipl. ing.

Fotografi ja na koricama/ Cover page photo: Dunja Dopsaj

Štampa / Printed by: 3D+, Beograd Tiraž / Circulation: 150 copies

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ME�UNARODNA NAU�NA KONFERENCIJA

EFEKTI PRIMENE FIZI�KE AKTIVNOSTI NA ANTROPOLOŠKI STATUS

DECE, OMLADINE I ODRASLIH

Zbornik sažetaka

INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE

EFFECTS OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY APPLICATION TO ANTHROPOLOGICAL STATUS

WITH CHILDREN, YOUTH AND ADULTS

Book of Abstracts

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PROGRAM RADA NAUČNE KONFERENCIJE 2014

2014 SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE PROGRAMME

„EFEKTI PRIMENE FIZIČKE AKTIVNOSTI NA

ANTROPOLOŠKI STATUS DECE, OMLADINE I ODRASLIH“

“EFFECTS OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY APPLICATION TO

ANTHROPOLOGICAL STATUS WITH CHILDREN, YOUTH AND ADULTS“

Prvi dan: četvrtak (11. decembar 2014.) – AMF 1 /

First day: Th ursday , 11. December, 2014 (Hall 1)

09:00 – 15:00 Registracija učesnika / Registration of participants

15:00 – 15:15 Otvaranje Konferencije / Opening of Conference

Predsedavajući / Chairmans: Prof. dr Dušan Mitić

Pozdravni govor – predsednik Naučnog odbora prof. dr Dušan Mitić

Welcome Speech: President of the Scientifi c Board Prof. dr Dušan Mitić

Pozdravni govor – Dekan prof. dr Vladimir Koprivica

Welcome Speech: Dean prof. dr Vladimir Koprivica

15:15 – 15:45

Prof. dr Dana Badau

Trougao međusobne povezanosti: avanturističko učenje – edukativna avantura –

iskustveno obrazovanje

Interrelation triangle: Adventure education - learning adventure - experiential education

University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Tirgu Mures, Romania

15:45 – 15:55 Diskusija / Discussion

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16:00 – 16:30

Prof. dr Peter Hofmann

Propisane vežbe za fi zičku aktivnost i trening sa vežbama za sprečavanje i lečenje

nezaraznih hroničnih bolesti

Exercise prescription for Physical Activity and Exercise Training to prevent and treat

non-communicable chronic diseases

FACSM Institute of Sports Science, University of Graz, Austria


16:40 – 17:00 Kafe pauza - Coff ee break

17:00 – 17:30

Prof. dr Erdal Zorba

Uticaj fi zičke aktivnosti na kvalitet života i antropometrijsku strukturu

Th e Infl uence of Physical Activity on Life Quality and Anthropometric Structure

School of Physical Education and Sport, Gazi University, Turkey


17:40 – 18:10

Prof. dr Mehmet Gunay

Sportsko srce i prevencija koronarnih faktora rizika

Athlete’s Heart and Prevention of Coronary Risk Factors

School of Physical Education and Sport, Gazi University, Turkey


20:00 Večera / Dinner

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PETAK / FRIDAY 12. DECEMBAR 2014.

RAD PO SESIJAMA / WORK IN SESSION

SESIJA 1 / SESSION 1

Istraživačko-metodološki aspekti efekata primene fi zičkih aktivnosti u fi zičkom vaspitanju

Research-methodological aspects of the eff ects of physical activity application

in Physical education

AMF 1 / Hall 1

9:00 – 10:30

Moderatori / Chairmans: doc. dr Ivana Milanović; prof. dr Dana Badau

9:00 Uvodna re� / Introduction

9:00-9:10 Ivo Jirásek

Nereligijska duhovnost u putovanju - Gde su granice iskustvenog obrazovanja?Non-religious spirituality in traveling – Where are the boundaries of experiential education?

9:10-9:20 Dessislava Koleva-Ivanova, Liliya Doncheva, Ana Paula

E� kasnost internet platforme za u�enje (TESS)Ef� ciency of the internet based teaching platform (TESS)

9:20-9:30 Sami Merdan Ozudogru, Giyasettin Demirhan

Ispitivanje � lozofskih gledišta nastavnika � zi�kog vaspitanja o � zi�kom vaspitanjuExamine of philosophical views of physical education teachers on physical education

9:30-9:40 Vlado Jakovljevi�, Snežana Bijeli�, Vladimir Jakovljevi�

Analiza stava o igri i razlike u odnosu na pol i mjesto stanovanjaAnalysis of attitude about the game and the differences with respect to gender and place of residence

9:40-9:50Nataša Sturza Mili�; Tanja Nedimovi�

Uloga metodike � zi�kog vaspitanja i psihološke grupe predmeta u podizanju svesti studenata – budu�ih vaspita�a o zna�aju � zi�ke aktivnostiThe role of physical education and the psychological group of subjects in raising the students’ – future preschool teachers’ - awareness on the importance of physical activity

9:50-10:00

Radivoje Jankovi�; Milivoj Dopsaj; Raša Dimitrijevi�; Goran Vu�kovi�; Nenad Koropanovski

Razlike motori�ke i metaboli�ko-funkcionalne e� kasnosti realizacije testa za procenu speci� �ne spretnosti policajaca u odnosu na profesionalnu specijalizacijuDifferences between motor and metabolic-functional ef� ciency of police of� cers when estimating their performance using the special pro� ciency test, depending on their professional specialization

10:00-10:10 Boban Milojkovi�; Dane Suboši�; Dalibor Keki�

Samovrednovanje studenata Kriminalisti�ko-policijske akademije o uticaju terenske obuke na postignu�a iz policijske topogra� jeSelf-evaluation of students of the Academy of Criminalistic and Police Studies about the impact of � eld training on achievements in police topography

10:10-10:20 Milomir Trivun, Vladan Markovi�

Efekti primjene bolonjskog procesa na kvalitet ispita u plivanjuEffects of application of the Bologna process on the quality of exam in swimming

10:20-10:30 Aleksandar Ignjatovi�; Živorad Markovi�, Mladen Milovanovi�

Stavovi studenata pedagoškog fakulteta o koriš�enju nedozvoljenih sredstava i metoda zarad pobedeStudent attitudes toward the use of forbidden substances and methods for winning

10:30 Završna re� / Conlusions

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Istraživačko-metodološki aspekti efekata primene fi zičkih aktivnosti u sportu

Research-methodological aspects of the eff ects of physical activity application in Sport

AMF II / Hall 2

9:00 – 10:30

Moderator / Chairman: van. prof. dr Goran Kasum


9:00-9:15Ensar Abazovi�, Erol Kova�evi�, Zlatan Kadri�, Mensur Vrci�

Razlike u morfološkim karakteristikama dominantne i nedominantne strane tela kod mladih teniseraDifferences in morphological characteristics of the dominant and non-dominant side of the body in young tennis players

9:15-9:30 Metin Can Kalayci, Ferhat Gülerolu, Hüseyin Erolu

Odnos izme�u antropometrijskih parametara i performansi sprintaRelationship between anthropometric parameters and sprint performance

9:30-9:45Ana Opa�i�; Nikola Majstorovi�; Vladimir Grbi�; Zoran Savi�; Goran Neši�

Odnosi antropometrijskih karakteristika i motori�kih sposobnosti izme�u odbojkašica i netreniranih devoj�ica uzrasta 16 godinaDifferences in anthropometric characteristics and motor abilities between female volleyball players and untrained girls 16 years old

9:45-10:00 Evdokia Samouilidou

Nastava gr�kog tradicionalnog plesa kroz pristup unakrsnog nastavnog plana i programaThe teaching of Greek traditional dancing through cross curricula approach

10:00-10:15 Vedrana Gr�i�, Biljana Kuzmani�

Odnos izme�u iskustva ste�enog u treniranju hip hopa i performanse u haus densu kod omladinskih i seniorskih plesa�a takmi�araRelationship between hip hop training experience and house dance performance in junior and senior competitive dancers


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Interdisciplinarni pristup u istraživanju efekata primene fi zičkih aktivnosti

Interdisciplinary approach in research the eff ects of physical activity application

AMF III / Hall 3

9:00 – 10:30

Moderatori/ Chairmans: van. prof. dr Aleksandar Nedeljković; prof. dr Peter Hofmann


9:00-9:10 Reza Abdollahipour, Rudolf Psotta, Miriam Palomo Nieto

Meditativni uticaji vida na instrukcije za fokusiranje pažnje u performansi motorike koja nije usmerena ka ciljuMeditative effects of vision on attentional focus instructions in performance of a non-goal directed motor skill

9:10-9:20 Hüseyin Erolu

Odnos izme�u antropometrijskih parametara i u�inka brzine – kinantropometrijsko istraživanje Relationship between anthropometric parameters and speed performance a kinanthropometric research

9:20-9:30

Miroslav Polimac, Jelena Obradovi�, Mila Vukadinovi�, Marijana Simi�, Jovan Vukovi�

Razlike u motori�kim sposobnostima dece u zavisnosti od uzrastaDifferences in motor skills of children depending on their age

9:30-9:40

Milan Mati�, Nemanja Pažin, Nenad Jankovi�, Vladimir Mrdakovi�, Duško Ili�, �or�e Stefanovi�

Optimalna visina za ispoljavanje maksimalne snage miši�a kod skoka iz saskoka: uticaj maksimalne ja�ineOptimum drop height for maximizing power output in drop jump:The effect of maximal strength

9:40-9:50 Ivan �uk; Saša �uri�; Olivera Kneževi�; Dragan Mirkov

Evaluacija terenskih testova za procenu snage gornjeg dela tela zasnovanih na eksplozivnim sklekovima – pilot studijaEvaluation of � eld tests for assessment of upper-body power based on explosive push-ups – pilot study

9:50-10:00Dragan Mirkov, Olivera Knezevic, Aleksandar Nedeljkovi�

Uticaj ugla u zglobu na brzinu razvoja sile miši�a opruža�a i pregiba�a kolena pri naizmeni�nim maksimalnim izometrijskim kontrakcijamaEffect of different joint angles on quadriceps and hamstrings rate of force development during alternating consecutive maximal contractions

10:00-10:10

Sr�an Markovi�; Dragan Bani�evi�; Olivera Kneževi�; Aleksandar Nedeljkovi�; Dragan Mirkov

Latentna struktura motori�kog prostora procenjivana primenom testa Naizmeni�nih uzastopnih maksimalnih kontrakcijaThe structure of physical abilities assessed by the test of Alternating Consecutive Maximum Contractions


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Istraživačko-metodološki aspekti efekata primene fi zičkih aktivnosti u korektivnoj gimnastici

Research-methodological aspects of the eff ects of physical activity application

in corective gymnastics

AMF IV / Hall 4

9:00 – 10:30

Moderatori/ Chairmans: van. prof. dr Sanja Mandarić; prof. dr Fadilj Eminović


9:00-9:10 Dean Ili�, Dana Cvetkovi�, Danica Jani�ievi�

Telesni status dece predškolskog i mla�eg školskog uzrastaPhysical status of preschool and younger school age children

9:10-9:20

Duško Spasovski, Dejan �ubrilo, Katarina Milosavljevi�, Marko Gašparovi�, Zoran Vukobratovi�

Uloga Functional Movement Screening (FMS) baterije testova u programiranju korektivnog vežbanja – prikaz slu�ajaThe role of Functional Movement Screening (FMS) test battery in corrective exercise prescription – case report

9:20-9:30 Aldvin Torlakovi�; Mirsad Mufti�; Roman Kebat

Plivanje kao potpora � zikalnoj terapiji za korekciju posture kod djeceSwimming in support of physical therapy in order to correct posture in children

9:30-9:40 Nezabravka Gencheva, Darina Zaharieva

Terapeutsko jahanje konja kod dece sa lošim držanjemTherapeutic Horseback Riding in Children with Bad Posture

9:40-9:50 Darina Zaharieva, Nezabravka Gencheva

Efekat Schroth metode na držanje i devijaciju ki�me kod ritmi�kih gimnasti�arkiEffect of Schroth method on posture and spine deviation on rhythmic gymnasts

9:50-10:00Dejan Savi�evi�, Dejan Suzovi�

Kognitivne strategije u konstrukciji motori�kog znanja dece sa razvojnim poreme�ajem koordinacijeCognitive strategies in the construction of motor knowledge of children with developmental coordination disorder

10:00-10:10Luka Jovanovi�, Marko Aleksandrovi�, Bojan Jorgi�, Mehmet Ozsari, Duran Arslan

Efekti kombinovanog programa vežbanja na � tnes komponente odraslih osoba sa cerebralnom paralizomEffects on combined exercise program on � tness components of adults with cerebral palsy

10:10-10:20

Miljan Hadžovi�, Predrag Jelenkovi�, Marko Aleksandrovi�, Bojan Jorgi�, Mehmet Ozsari, Duran Arslan

Efekti � zi�ke aktivnosti na aerobni sposobnosti dece sa cerebralnom paralizom: sistematski pregledEffects of physical activity on aerobic capacities of children with cerebral palsy: a systematic review


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Biomedicinski aspekti primene fizičke aktivnosti

Biomedical aspects of physical activity application

Svečana sala / Ceremony Hall

9:00 – 10:30

Moderatori / Chairmans: prof. dr Dušan Blagojević; van. prof. dr Vladimir Jakovljević


9:00-9:10 Goran Kasum, Slobodan Rajevac

Povrede u rvanju i džudouInjuries in Wrestling and Judo

9:10-9:20 Bilal Demirhan, Mehmet Günay

Uticaj masaže ledom na odre�ene biohemijske parametre kod rva�a u vezi sa oporavkomEffect of Ice Massage on Some Biochemical Parameters of Wrestlers in Relation with the Recovery

9:20-9:30 Marija Macura, Ivan �irkovi�

Uticaj speci� �nog treninga na telesnu kompoziciju i motori�ke sposobnosti kod osoba ženskog pola od 18. – 50. godine životaEffects of speci� c training on body composition and motor skills in females aged 18 - 50

9:30-9:40 Sla�ana Raki�; Milivoj Dopsaj; Marina �or�evi�-Niki�

Osetljivost novih indeksa za procenu sastava tela u funkciji uzrasta kod žena

Sensitivity of new indexes for women’s body composition evaluation regarding the function of age

9:40-9:50 Bosni� Aleksa, Markovi� Milan, Kasum Goran

Upotreba suplemenata u rvanjuThe use of supplements in wrestling

9:50-10:00Nedim Sisic, Damir Sekulic, Marino Krespi, Mirjana Madjarevic

Pouzdanost i validnost upitnika o zloupotrebi supstanci kod adolescenataReliability and validity of the questionnaire of substance use and misuse in adolescents

10:00-10:10Vladimir Jakovljevi�, Goran Bošnjak, Milan Mati�, Gorana Tešanovi�

Odnosi izme�u morfoloških karakteristika i nivoa kardiovaskularnih sposobnostiRelations between morphological characteristics and level of cardiovascular abilities

10:10-10:20 Bojan Mitrovi�, Goran Vu�kovi�

Ispoljavanje anaerobnih i aerobnih sposobnosti kod studenata kriminalisti�ko policijske akademijeDemonstration of anaerobic and aerobic abilities among the students of police academy

10:20-10:30

�ubrilo Dejan, Spasovski Duško, Macura Marija, Slavi� Marija, Blagojevi� Dušan, Spasi� Mihajlo, Jakovljevi� Vladimir

Procena biomarkera oksidativnog stresa indukovanih treningom mladih fudbalera : fokus na razlici u godinama The assessment of oxidative stress biomarkers induced by regular training in pubertal boys: focus on age difference


10:30 – 11:00 Kafe pauza / Coff ee break

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RAD PO SESIJAMA / WORK IN SESSIONSESIJA 6 / SESSION 6

Istraživa�ko-metodološki aspekti efekata primene � zi�kih aktivnosti u � zi�kom vaspitanjuResearch-methodological aspects of the effects of physical activity application

in Physical education

AMF I / Hall 1

11:00-12:40

Moderatori / Chairmans: prof. dr Božo Bokan; prof. dr Ivo Jirašek


11:00-11:10 Darko Stojanovi�Efekti �asa sportskih aktivnosti u nastavi � zi�kog vaspitanjaThe effects of sports activities classes in the physical education curriculum

11:10-11:20Dragoljub Višnji�; Zoran Sretenovi�

Aktuelni problemi realizacije predmeta � zi�ko vaspitanje – izabrani sport u osnovnoj školiCurrent problems in realization of physical education classes – selected sport in elementary school

11:20-11:30Radmila Niki�, Fadilj Eminovi�, Dušica Joki�, Sanja Dimoski, Irena Stojkovi�

Barijere pri realizaciji nastave � zi�kog vaspitanja dece sa smetnjama u razvojuBarriers in the implementation of physical education classes for children with disabilities

11:30-11:40Fadilj Eminovi�, Darinka Marinkovi�, Radmila Niki�, Aleksandra Grbovi�

Samovrednovanje nastavnika � zi�ke kulture u radu sa ometenom decomSelf-evaluation of physical education teachers in working with handicapped children

11:40-11:50 Radoslav Komlenovi�, Milivoj Dopsaj

Trend promene bavljenja bazi�nim sportovima i sportskim igrama kod dece osnovno školskog uzrasta Rasinskog okruga

11:50-12:00 Milan Paši�, Ivana Milanovi�, Snežana Radisavljevi� Jani�

Procena energetske potrošnje i nivoa � zi�ke aktivnosti kod adolescenata: razlike izme�u sportista i nesportista

Estimated energy expenditure and physical activity levels in adolescents: differences between athletes and nonathletes

12:00-12:10 Nenad Vukadinovi�, Irina Juhas, Jelena Kozoderovi�

Organizacija orijentiring sekcije u osnovnoj školiThe organization of orienteering section in elementary school

12:10-12:20 Dragiša Mladenovi� Zadovoljstvo kvalitetom nastave polaznika škole skijanjaParents’ satisfaction with quality of teaching in ski school

12:20-12:30Vedrana Velimirovi�, Vi�enti� Katarina, Robert Ropret

Mere bezbednosti u prakti�noj nastavi skijanja studenata FSFV-a u BeograduSafety measures in practical skiing teaching for students of FSFV in Belgrade

12:30-12:40 Živorad Markovi�, Aleksandar Ignjatovi�

Uticaj elementarnih i sportskih igara na aktivno vreme vežbanjaThe infuence of elementary and sport games on active exercise time


13



Istraživačko-metodološki aspekti efekata primene fi zičkih aktivnosti u sportu

Research-methodological aspects of the eff ects of physical activity application in Sport

AMF II / Hall 2

11:00-12:30

Moderator / Chairman: van. prof. dr Milivoj Dopsaj


11:00-11:15 �or�e Stefanovi�Vrline pravoslavnih svetih ratnika u funkciji vaspitanja mladih sportistaThe virtues of Orthodox holy warriors in education young athletes

11:15-11:30 Ante Burger; Marino Crespi; Ivan Ledi�; Dražen Peji�

Analiza uspješnosti realiziranja igra�a više, i uspješnost realizacije prvog napada nakon vremenske pauze kod muškaraca i žena u vrhunskom rukometuPerformance analysis of realizing extra player, and the success of the � rst attack after the break in men and women top handball

11:30-11:45Magdalena Damjanovska, Serjoza Gontarev, Agim Rhedzepi, Giurka Gantcheva

Upore�ivanje pouzdanosti i validnosti nekih testova sa klasi�nim i slikovnim modelom procene ritmi�ke sposobnostiComparing reliability and validity of some tests with classic and image model of assessement rhythmic ability

11:45-12:00Jovanovi� Saša; Tešanovi� Gorana; Dragosavljevi� Predrag; Grahovac Goran

Neke promene motori�kih sposobnosti kod plesa�a džez baleta koji primenjuju posebne vežbe za skaka�e u atleticiSome changes of motorical abilities in jazz-ballet dancers using speci� c exercises for jumpers in athletics

12:00-12:15 Jelena Jovanovi� Klima organizacionih jedinica i menadžment praksaClime of organizational units and management practice


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Psiho-socijalni aspekti primene fizičke aktivnosti

Psyho-Social aspects of physical activity application

AMF III / Hall 3

11:00-12:30

Moderatori / Chairmans: doc. dr Ana Orlić; doc. dr Sandra Radenović


11:00-11:10 Hüseyin Gökçe, Yunus Arslan

Pore�enje samoe� kasnosti sportista: u�eš�e u individualnim i timskim sportovimaComparison of the Athletes’ Self – Ef� cacy: participating to individuals or team sports

11:10-11:20 Dušanka Lazarevi�, Ana Orli�, Ljljana B. Lazarevi�

Fizi�ka samoe� kasnost i socijalna anksioznost zbog izgleda kao prediktori samocenjenja kod studenata koji se bave sportomPhysical self-ef� cacy and social physique anxiety as predictors of students’ self-esteem involved in sport

11:20-11:30 Miljan Velaga Takmi�arska anksioznost kod karatistaCompetitive anxiety in karate athletes

11:30-11:40 Lidija Moskovljevi�, Ana Orli�, Dušanka Lazarevi�

Relacije nekih psiholoških karakteristika i uspešnosti u ritmi�koj gimnastici kod osoba razli�itog polaRelation of some psychological characteristics and successfulness in rhythmic gymnatstics with persons of different sexes

11:40-11:50 Aleksandar Bastaji�; Sandra Radenovi�

Fudbalski navija�i u Srbiji – od gledalaca do aktivnih u�esnikaFootball Fans – from spectators to participants and hooligans

11:50-12:00Saša Milojevi�, Bojan Jankovi�, Goran Vu�kovi�, Boban Milojkovi�

Odre�ene karakteristike maloletnika �lanova navija�kih grupa u Republici SrbijiCertain characteristics of minors – members of supporters’ groups in the Republic of Serbia

12:00-12:10 Tea Pirsl; Danica Pirsl; Nebojsa Randjelovic

Kreiranje, oblikovanje i ozna�avanje polno i rasno pristrasne medijske zastupljenostiCreating, shaping and signifying gender and race biased media representation

12:10-12:20 Sandra Radenovi�Sociologija sporta i/ili sociologija � zi�ke kulture? – neka razmatranjaSociology of sport and/or sociology of Physical culture? – certain considerations


15



Istraživačko-metodološki aspekti efekata primene fi zičkih aktivnosti u rekreaciji

Research-methodological aspects of the eff ects of physical activity application in Recreation

AMF IV / Hall 4

11:00-12:30

Moderatori / Chairmans: doc. dr Vladimir Ilić; prof. dr Mehmet Gunay


11:00-11:15 Ebru Çetin, Mehmet Günay, Mustafa Altunsoy

Trijada kod sportistkinjaThe female athlete triad

11:15-11:25 Sanja Pan�i�, Dušan Miti� Primeri dobre prakse Sporta za SveThe best practices Sport for All

11:25-11:35Predrag Dragosavljevi�, Milinko Dabovi�, Gorana Tešanovi�

Procena efekata rekreacije na osnovu socijalno-iskustvenih karakteristikaEstimate of the recreation effects on the basis of social- experiential characteristics

11:35-11:45 Mustafa Altunsoy Hipokineti�ka oboljenja i vežbeHypokinetic Diseases and Exercise

11:45-11:55 Ünal Türkçapar, Emel �enol

Ispitivanje stavova studenata univerziteta prema tehnologiji prema razli�itim varijablamaExamining the university students’ attitudes towards the technology according to different variables

11:55-12:05 Seryozha Gontarev, Ruzdija Kalac, Agim Redjepi

Fizi�ka aktivnost i sedentarne navike kod makedonskih adolescenata iz albanske nacionalne zajednice Physical activity and sedentary habits among Macedonian adolescents from Albanian ethnic community

12:05-12:15 Popovi� Ružena, Panteli� Saša, �uraškovi� Ratomir

Uporedni prikaz funkcionalnog kapaciteta žena tre�eg doba iz gradske i seoske sredineComparative analysis of functional capacity in elderly women of urban and rural area

12:15-12:25 Duško Spasovski, Stanimir Stojiljkovi�

Doziranje zdravstvenog � tnes vežbanja uz podršku ra�unara – CoreFitMaxDosing of computer-mediated health � tness exercising – CoreFitMax


16

PETAK/ FRIDAY– 12. DECEMBAR 2014.

POSTERI / POSTERS

10:45 – 11:45 Sesija posteri (Glavni hol) / Posters session (Main lobby)

Moderator / Chairman: doc. dr Dejan Suzovi�

1. Svilen Neykov

Neki pokazatelji optere�enja (uticaja) treninga tokom priprema R. Neykove, olimpijske šampionke u Pekingu 2008. godineSome indicators of training loads (impacts) in the preparation ofOlympic champion in Beijing 2008 R. Neykova

2. Ana Veskovi�; Nenad KoropanovskiŠta �ini sadržaj funkcionalne uklju�enosti roditelja u sport mladih?What is the content of functional engagement of parents in sports activity of the youth?

3. Nenad Koropanovski; Ana Veskovi�; Sre�ko Jovanovi�

Ciljna usmerenost karatistaThe goal orientation of karatists

4. Dušan Miti�; Vedran �irkovi�

Efekti primene dvonedeljnog programa ,,�igotica” na gojaznost dece uzrasta 12 do 18 godinaThe effects of the application of ‘Cigotica’ two-week program on obesity in children aged 12-18 years old

5. Ivaylo Lazarov

Komparativna analiza antropometrijskih merenja kod žena i muškaraca – trka�a na srednje distanceComparative analyse of anthropometric measurements with men and women – runners of middle distances

6.Stefan Stoykov; Rumiana Karapetrova; Georgi Stoykov, Ivaylo Lazarov; Julia Solomu

Antropometrija kao preduslov za odabir nadarene dece za atletiku (dvanaestogodišnjaci)Anthropometry as a precondition for selection of talented children for athletics (12 years old)

7.Rumiana Karapetrova, Joseph Broglie, Georgi Stoykov, Ivaylo Lazarov, Fehim Djoshan

Puls tokom trenažnog optere�enja i mirovanja kao kriterijum stresa i adaptacije u tr�anju na srednje stazeHeart rate during training loads and rest as criteria for stress and adaptation in middle-distance running

8. Grigor Gutev, Plamen Nyagin,; Iva Dimova; Ivaylo Lazarov

Dinamika rezultata elitnih trka�a na 110 m sa preponama sa aspekta starosne dobiElite 110 m hurdlers results dynamics in age aspect

9. �or�evi� Ivana, Popovi� Ružena, Samouilidou Evdokia, Lomen Elena

Fizi�ko vaspitanje dece sa zdravstvenim problemimaPhysical education of children with medical conditions

10. Ali Kaya, Yusuf Köklü, Utku Alemdarolu

Odnos izme�u u�inka mladih košarkaša na razli�itim testovima agilnosti i sposobnosti u sprintuThe relationship between different agility tests, and sprint ability performance in young basketball players

11. Serkan Oksay, Utku Alemdarolu, Yusuf Köklü; Harun Türkdoan

Akutni efekat razli�itih strategija zagrevanja na u�inak u sprintuThe acute effect of different warm up strategies on sprint performance

17

13:00 – 13:15 Plenarni rad – Zaključni rad Konferencije / Plenary – End of Conference

Moderator / Chairman: prof. dr Dušan Mitić AMF I / Hall 1

18

NAPOMENA NAUČNOG ODBORA

Međunarodna naučna konferencija je prilika da predstavimo aktuelne rezultate sopstvenih istraživanja i us-

postavimo aktivnu komunikaciju sa tokovima istraživačkih trendova u graničnim oblastima praćenja efeka-

ta fi zičke aktivnosti. Od 2011. godine, na osnovu obaveze iz projekta III 47015, realizujemo međunarodnu

konfereciju pod istim nazivom: „EFEKTI PRIMENE FIZIČKE AKTIVNOSTI NA ANTROPOLOŠKI STA-

TUS DECE, OMLADINE I ODRASLIH“.

Uočavamo da se formira zainteresovano jezgro istraživača koji redovno učestvuju u radu konferencije i

time daju podršku konceptu interdisciplinarne saradnje. Paralelni projekti (III-47015, III-47008 i 175037)

koje realizuju nastavnici i saradnici sa više fakulteta u nekoliko timova koriste našu Konferenciju kao mesto

ukrštanja rezultata i sučeljavanja različitih istraživačkih ideja.

Ranije opredeljenje dobija svoj puni smisao jer kroz rad Konferencije postižemo da se šira naučna javnost

upozna sa poslednjim naučnim istraživanjima kojima se procenjuju efekti primene fizičke aktivnosti na

antropološki status dece, omladine i odraslih, kao i mogućnosti implementacije dobijenih nalaza u praksi

fizičkog vaspitanja, sporta, rekreacije i radu specijalizovanih ustanova.

Naša međunarodna konferencija postaje vidljivija jer smo ušli u zvanične programe FIEP-a i TAFISA orga-

nizacije a ove godine nas podržava i Ministarstvo omladine i sporta i Asocijacija Sport za Sve Srbije.

Napravili smo još jedan iskorak prema povezivanju struke i nauke time što smo Konferenciju akreditovali

u programu stručnog usavršavanja za profesore fi zičkog vaspitanja (ZUOV Odluka br. 176-4/2014. od

17. 11. 2014.). Takođe na konferenciju nam dolazi i jedan broj trenera koji takođe imaju mogućnost da

učestvovanjem osvajaju aktuelna saznanja i poene koji su im potrebni za licenciranje.

Strukturu Konferencije čini 9 odvojenih sesija i Poster sesija na kojima će biti prezentirano 84 rada koji

nam dolaze iz većeg broja zemalja.

Naučni odbor je, prema kriterijumima koji su raspisani u pozivu za međunarodnu naučnu konferenciju,

prihvatio rezimee radova na srpskom i engleskom jeziku u izvornoj formi koju su autori dostavili. Nekoliko

radova nije prihvaćeno a kod jedne trećine radova autori su morali da koriguju svoje rezimee.

Posebno se zahvaljujemo našim cenjenim pozivnim predavačima koji su pored uvodnih tema prihvatili da

imaju po dodatno predavanje za studente Doktorskih i Master diplomskih studija čime dajemo doprinos

negovanju istraživačkog opredeljenja na ovim vrstama studija.

Autorima želimo uspešnu prezentaciju radova, direktnu razmenu stručnih i naučnih iskustava i prijatan

boravak na našem Fakultetu i gradu Beogradu koji sve više postaje važna destinacija na svim turističkim

mapama.

Predsednik Naučnog odbora

Prof. dr Dušan Mitić

19

A NOTE OF THE SCIENTIFIC COUNCIL

Th e International Scientifi c Conference is an opportunity to present actual results of our own research

and maintain active communication with research and scientifi c trends in fi elds of monitoring eff ects of

physical activities. Since 2011, based on our obligations from the project III 47015, we have organized in-

ternational Conference under the same title: “EFFECTS OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY APPLICATION TO

ANTHROPOLOGICAL STATUS WITH CHILDREN, YOUTH AND ADULTS”.

We have observed that there is a formed nucleus of interested researchers who regularly take part in the

Conference, thus providing support to the concept of interdisciplinary cooperation. Parallel projects (III-

47015, 47008 and III-175037), realized by teachers and associates from several faculties in several teams,

use our Conference as the place of confronting and debating results of various research ideas.

Th e earlier commitment gets its full meaning because, through the Conference work, we achieve that

broader scientifi c community becomes familiar with the latest scientifi c research used to assess the eff ects

of physical activity application to anthropological status of children, youth and adults, as well as the pos-

sibility of implementation of these fi ndings in the practice of physical education, sports, recreation and

work of specialized institutions.

Our international Conference has become visible, since we have been entered into the offi cial programmes

of FIEP and TAFISA organisations, and this year we have been supported by the Ministry of Youth and

Sports and the Association Sport for All of Serbia.

We have made another step forward towards connecting the profession and science by accrediting the

Conference in the programme for professional development for Physical Education teachers (Decision of

the Institute for Advancement of Education no. 176-4 / 2014 of 17/11/2014). Th e Conference shall also be

attended by a number of coaches who have the opportunity to adopt current knowledge and the points

they need for licensing by participation.

Th e structure of the Conference is 9 separate sessions and the Poster session where 84 papers from a larger

number of countries shall be presented.

Th e Scientifi c Council, according to criteria prescribed in the invitation for the international scientifi c

Conference. Several papers have not been accepted, while one third of the authors had to correct their

abstracts.

We have to pay special thanks to our reputable invited lecturers who have accepted, in addition to intro-

ductory topics, an additional lecture for students of Doctoral and Master Studies each, thus contributing

to fostering research orientations in these types of studies.

We wish the authors successful presentation of papers, direct exchange of professional and scientifi c ex-

perience and a pleasant stay in our Faculty and the city of Belgrade, which is increasingly becoming an

important destination on all tourist maps.

President of the Scientifi c Council

Prof Dusan Mitic, Ph.D.

20

21

POZIVNA PREDAVANJA

KEYNOTE SPEAKERS

22

TROUGAO MEĐUSOBNE POVEZANOSTI: AVANTURISTIČKO UČENJE

EDUKATIVNA AVANTURA ISKUSTVENO OBRAZOVANJE

Dana BădăuUniverzitet medicine i farmacije Tirgu Mures, Rumunija

Modernizacija procesa učenja kombinovanjem različitih načina i sadržaja je zasnovana na istraživanju

i eksperimentisanju sa sportskim i rekreativnim aktivnostima avanturističkog tipa koje promovišu rast

funkcionalne mobilnosti i intelektualni potencijal studenata na Fakultetu fi zičkog vaspitanja i sporta.

Avanturističko učenje obuhvata mnoštvo aktivnosti koje se obavljaju u različitim okruženjima i ima za cilj

da pomeri ljudske kapacitete van granica kroz nova iskustva sa određenim stepenom rizika. Avanturističko

učenje predstavlja aktivan i dinamičan proces učenja, istraživanje veština i znanja putem novih iskustava

težeć i da razvije kreativnost, prilagodljivost i da poboljša upravljanje rizicima, kao i samoupravljanje, lid-

erstvo, timske radne veštine itd.

Edukativna avantura koristi virtuelne igre simulacije da razvije kreativnost, smisao za preuzimanje rizika,

veštine analize i donošenja odluka kao i kapacitete učenika za saradnju. Edukativna avantura je pasivan

način učenja u smislu prethodne pripreme za realne situacije specifi čne za avanturističko učenje i iskust-

veno obrazovanje. Osnovna prednost ove metode učenja je da subjekt ili grupa subjekata mogu pono-

viti igru ili vežbu ako su pogrešili bez ikakvih posledica u stvarnom svetu. Istraživanje virtuelnog sveta

kroz avanturističke igre u kojima učenik mora rešiti nove konkretne zadatke predstavlja moderan način

korišć enja informacionih tehnologija kao deo procesa učenja.

Iskustveno obrazovanje predstavlja moderan način obrazovne metodologije stvaranjem i pružanjem

aktivnih i zamišljenih konteksta učenja. Iskustveno obrazovanje postavlja osnove učenja koje su usme-

rene na vođeno učešć e subjekta ili grupe subjekata u različitim aktivnostima u stvarnom ili simuliranom

okruženju, a razmena iskustava o ovim aktivnostima kao rezultat procesa refl eksije ima za cilj da identifi -

kuje moguć nosti da se učenje primeni u praksi. Refl eksija kao važan deo obrazovnog iskustva podrazumeva

analizu pojedinačnih i grupnih oseć anja u realnom vremenu, ponašanja tokom praktičnih iskustava kako

bi se ukazalo na uticaj tog iskustva na subjekte ili analizu njihovog ponašanja kako bi se stvorile smernice

za buduć e aktivnosti učenja. Iskustveno obrazovanje učenika je usmereno na različite aktivnosti kao što su:

obrazovanje na otvorenom, kooperativno učenje, aktivno učenje i učenje o životnoj sredini. Kroz ovaj pro-

ces učenik preuzima odgovornost za učenje preuzimanjći deo atributa učitelja. Direktno učešć e studenata

pruža moguć nost valorizacije veština i znanja kroz vezu sa stvarnim svetom i sa stvarnim posledicama na

proces učenja.

Avantura je način života koji motiviše i stimuliše učenike kroz upotrebu različitih sredstava za učenje i

raznih načina praktične primene veština i znanja putem preuzimanja rizika i pomeranja granica, samim

tim sa ciljem pripreme za život.

Podudarnost u ove tri vrste učenja određuje efi kasnost razvojnog procesa ljudskih kapaciteta i performansi.

23

INTERRELATION TRIANGLE: ADVENTURE EDUCATIONLEARNING

ADVENTURE EXPERIENTIAL EDUCATION

Dana BădăuUniversity of Medicine and Pharmacy of Tirgu Mures, Romania

Modernising the learning process by combining diff erent ways and contexts is based on the exploration

and experimentation of sporting and recreational activities of adventure type that promote the growth of

functional mobility and the intellectual potential of students from the Faculty of Physical Education and

Sports.

Adventure education encompasses a multitude of activities performed in various

environments which aims to enhance the human capacities beyond the limits through new experiences

with a certain degree of risk. Adventure education represents an active and dynamic learning process of

exploring skills and knowledge through new experiences aiming to develop creativity, adaptability and to

improve risk management as well as self-management, leadership, team working skills etc.

Learning adventure uses virtual simulation games to develop creativity, risk-taking sense, analysis and

decision-making skills as well as cooperation capacities of students. Adventure Learning is a passive way

of learning in terms of background training for real situations specifi c for adventure education and experi-

ential education. Th e major advantage of this learning method is that the subject or the group of subjects

can repeat the game or the exercise if they made a mistake without any consequences in the real world.

Exploring the virtual world through adventure games in which a student must solve new specifi c tasks rep-

resents a modern way of using the information technology as part of the learning process.

Experiential education represents the modern way of educational methodology by creating and provid-

ing active and refl ective learning contexts. Experiential education lays the basis of learning education

which targets the guided participation of the subject or of the group of subjects in various activities in real

or simulated environment, and sharing these activities as a result of a refl ection process aims to identify

learning opportunities to be applied in practice. Refl exion as an important part of the educational ex-

perience involves a real-time analysis of individual and group feelings, of behaviours during practical

experiences in order to highlight the impact on the subjects or on their behaviours creating benchmarks

for future learning activities. Experiential education of the students targets varied activities such as: out-

door education, cooperative learning, active learning and environmental learning. Th rough this process

a student assumes the learning responsibility taking over a part of the teacher’s attributions. Th e direct

participation of students provides the opportunity to valorise the skills and knowledge through real-world

connection and with real consequences on the learning process.

Adventure is a way of life which motivates and stimulates students through the use of diff erent learning

means and various ways of practical implementation of skills and knowledge by taking risks and pushing

limits, consequently targeting the preparation for life.

Th e congruence of these three types of learning determines the effi ciency of the development process of

human capacities and performances.

24

PROPISANE VEŽBE ZA FIZIČKU AKTIVNOST I TRENING

SA VEŽBAMA ZA SPREČAVANJE

I LEČENJE HRONIČNIH NEZARAZNIH BOLESTI

Peter Hofmann

Istraživačka grupa za fi ziologiju vežbanja i trening, Institut sportskih nauka,

Univerzitet u Gracu, Austrija

Prilično znanje je sabrano u vezi sa uticajem fi zičke aktivnosti i vežbanja u prevenciji i lečenju brojnih boles-

ti (1). Postoji dovoljno dokaza za propisivanje terapije vežbanja u lečenju već ine ako ne i svih hroničnih

bolesti kao što su metaboličke bolesti, bolesti srca i pluć a, mišić a, bolesti kostiju i zglobova, kao i karcinom,

depresija, astma i dijabetes tipa 1 (1,2,3).

Za sve ove bolesti, u dovoljnoj meri su prezentovani dokazi za efekte terapije vežbanja na patogeneze

bolesti, za simptome koji su specifi čni za postavljanje dijagnoze, za fi zičku kondiciju ili snagu i za kvalitet

života. Ključna pitanja koja treba rešiti su i dalje vrsta i količina (doza) vežbanja, moguć i rizici posebno u

vezi sa vežbamasa visokim intenzitetom intervala kao i usaglašenost.

Prezentacija se bavi ovim problemima, fokusira na dijagnostiku sprovođenu prema poslednjim naučnim

dostignućima (4,5) i pokazuje neke pristupe u vezi sa izborom intenziteta i vrste vežbanja kod odabranih

bolesti. Teorija o transfer laktata (6,7) čini osnovu svih standarda prepisanih vežbi koji ć e biti detaljno

predstavljeni. Poseban fokus ć e biti na odnosu između standardnih inkrementalnih testova vežbanja i kon-

tinuiranog vežbanja i vežbanja sa intervalima. Kritički će biti raspravljano o upotrebi prepisanih vežbi za

rad srca i potrošnju kiseonika (4,8).

Literatura1. Pedersen B.K., Saltin B.: Evidence for prescribing exercise as therapy in chronic disease. Scandinavian Journal of

Medicine and Science in Sports 2006, 16(1): 3-63).

2. Kujala U.M.: Evidence on the eff ects of exercise therapy in the treatment of chronic disease. Br J Sports Med 2009,

43(8): 550-555.

3. arburton D.E.R., Nicol C.W., Bredin S.S.D.: Health benefi ts of physical activity: the evidence. CMAJ 2006, 174(6):

801-809.

4. ofmann, P., Tschakert, G.: Special Needs to Prescribe Exercise Intensity for Scientifi c Studies. Cardiology Re-

search and Practice. Volume 2011, Article ID 209302, 10 pages doi:10.4061/2011/209302.

5. Tschakert, G. Hofmann, P.: High-Intensity Intermittent Exercise -Methodological and Physiological Aspects. Int

J Sports Physiol Perform. 2013, 8, 600-610.

6. Brooks GA.: Cell-cell and intracellular lactate shuttles. J Physiol. 2009 Dec 1;587(Pt 23):5591-600.

7. Brooks GA.: Lactate shuttles in nature. Biochem Soc Trans. 30, 2002, 2: 258-264.

8. Hofmann P, Von Duvillard SP, Seibert FJ, Pokan R, Wonisch M, Lemura LM, Schwaberger G.: %HRmax target

heart rate is dependent on heart rate performance curve defl ection. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2001 Oct;33(10):1726-

31.

25

EXERCISE PRESCRIPTION FOR PHYSICAL ACTIVITY

AND EXERCISE TRAINING TO PREVENT

AND TREAT NONCOMMUNICABLE CHRONIC DISEASES

Peter Hofmann

Exercise Physiology & Training Research Group, Institute of Sports Science,

University of Graz, Austria

Considerable knowledge has accumulated concerning the infl uence of physical activity and exercise train-

ing in the prevention and the treatment of a number of diseases (1). Th ere is suffi cient evidence for pre-

scribing exercise therapy in the treatment of most if not all chronic diseases such as metabolic diseases,

heart and pulmonary diseases, muscle, bone and joint diseases as well as cancer, depression, asthma and

type 1 diabetes (1,2,3).

For all of these diseases, evidence for eff ects of exercise therapy on disease pathogenesis, on symptoms

specifi c to the diagnosis, on physical fi tness or strength and on quality of life was shown suffi ciently. Key

questions to be solved are still the type and amount (doses) of exercise, possible risks especially regarding

high intensity interval type exercise as well as compliance.

Th e presentation addresses these concerns, focuses on state of the art performance diagnostics (4,5) and

shows some approaches regarding the choice of intensity and type of exercise training in selected diseases.

Th e lactate shuttle theory (6,7) forms the basis of all exercise prescription standards which will be pre-

sented in detail. A special focus will be on the relationship between standard incremental exercise tests and

continuous and interval type exercise. Th e use of heart rate and oxygen uptake based exercise prescription

will be critically discussed (4,8).

References1. Pedersen B.K., Saltin B.: Evidence for prescribing exercise as therapy in chronic disease. Scandinavian Journal of

Medicine and Science in Sports 2006, 16(1): 3-63).

2. Kujala U.M.: Evidence on the eff ects of exercise therapy in the treatment of chronic disease. Br J Sports Med 2009,

43(8): 550-555.

3. Warburton D.E.R., Nicol C.W., Bredin S.S.D.: Health benefi ts of physical activity: the evidence. CMAJ 2006,

174(6): 801-809.

4. Hofmann, P., Tschakert, G.: Special Needs to Prescribe Exercise Intensity for Scientifi c Studies. Cardiology Re-

search and Practice. Volume 2011, Article ID 209302, 10 pages doi:10.4061/2011/209302.

5. Tschakert, G. Hofmann, P.: High-Intensity Intermittent Exercise -Methodological and Physiological Aspects. Int

J Sports Physiol Perform. 2013, 8, 600-610.

6. Brooks GA.: Cell-cell and intracellular lactate shuttles. J Physiol. 2009 Dec 1;587(Pt 23):5591-600.

7. Brooks GA.: Lactate shuttles in nature. Biochem Soc Trans. 30, 2002, 2: 258-264.

8. Hofmann P, Von Duvillard SP, Seibert FJ, Pokan R, Wonisch M, Lemura LM, Schwaberger G.: %HRmax target

heart rate is dependent on heart rate performance curve defl ection. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2001 Oct;33(10):1726-

31.

26

UTICAJ FIZIČKE AKTIVNOSTI NA KVALITET ŽIVOTA

I STRUKTURA ANTROPOMETRIJE

Prof. Dr. Erdal Zorba

Član odbora TAFISA

Član odbora i potpredsednik FISpT

Predsednik Balkanske i turske federacije Sport za sve

Redovni profesor na Fakultetu za fi zičku kulturu i sport, Gazi Univerziteta, Ankara / TURSKA

Pasivni stil života dovodi do mnogo zdravstvenih poremeć aja. Muškarci treba da budu aktivni kako bi bili

“zdravi u smislu antropometrijskih, fi zioloških i psiholoških aspekata”, i potrebna im je redovna fi zička ak-

tivnost kako bi bili aktivni u životu. U cilju iskorenjavanja zdravstvenih poremeć ajia (gojaznost, poremeć aji

držanja, rani gubitak kostiju, bol u leđima, visok krvni pritisak, dijabetes, visok holesterol, mišić ni prob-

lemi, kardiovaskularni poremeć aji i psihosocijalni poremeć aji) značajne preventivne uloge imaju fi zičke

aktivnosti, sportske i rekreativne aktivnosti. SZO i druge međunarodne organizacije naglašavaju činjenicu

da, dok je stopa problema koji proističu iz pasivnog stila života sada 30%, ova stopa ć e biti 45% 2030-ih

godina. Shodno tome, više od 30% dece ima ozbiljan problem gojaznosti i njihov školski uspeh ć e biti

pogođen kod 50%, javiće se značajan gubitak u proizvodnom kapacitetu, bić e porasta smrtnosti, ovde ć e

biti fi nansijskog gubitka, bolesti zavisnosti ć e porasti, zdravstveni troškovi ć e se poveć ati za oko 3 miliona

dolara, životni vek ć e se smanjiti za oko 5 godina. U ovoj studiji postoje odeljci iz Svetske literature i izneće

se neki praktični saveti za rešavanje moguć ih problema. Osim toga, biće predstavljeni neki važni projekti

koje su razvile TAFISA i SZO. Što se tiče socijalnih, fi zičkih, emocionalnih i fi nansijskih efekata, biće reči

o štetnim navikama i fi nansijskom optereć enju u vezi sa njima. Shodno tome, detaljnije će biti rezmatrana

neka pitanja koja treba uzeti u obzir i preneti dalje.

Ključne reči: fi zička aktivnost, vežbanje, antropomerija, masno tkivo, gojaznost

27

THE INFLUENCE OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY ON LIFE QUALITY

AND ANTHROPOMETRIC STRUCTURE

Prof. Dr. Erdal Zorba

Board Member of TAFISA

Board Member and Vice President of FISpT

President of Balkan & Turkey Sport for All Federation

Full Professor in the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, Gazi University, Ankara/TURKEY

Passive life style gives rise to lots of health disorders. Men need to be active in order to be “healthy in terms

of anthropometric, physiologic and psychological aspects”, and need regular physical activities in order to

be active in life. In order to eradicate the health disorders (obesity, posture disorder, early bone loss, back

ache, high blood pressure, diabetics, high cholesterol, muscular problems, cardiovascular disorders and

psychosocial problems) physical activities, sport and recreative activities have signifi cant preventive roles.

WHO and other international organizations stress the fact that while the problems stemming from passive

life style are 30%, this rate will be 45% in 2030’s. Consequently, more than 30% of children have serious

the obesity problem and their school success will be infl uenced by 50%, there will be signifi cant loss in

production capacity, there will be rise in death rate, there will be fi nancial loss, addictions will rise, health

expenditure will increase around 3 million dollar, life span will decrease about 5 years. In this study there

are some samples from the World literature and some practical suggestions will be put forward in order to

deal with possible problems. In addition, some important projects developed by TAFISA and WHO will

be introduced. While social, physical, emotional, and fi nancial eff ects are considered, harmful habits and

their fi nancial burden will be discussed. Consequently, some issues to consider more and to disseminate

will be discussed in detail.

Key Worlds: Physical Activity, exercise, anthropometry, body fat, obesity

28

SPORTSKO SRCE İ PREVENCİJA KORONARNİH FAKTORA RİZİKA

Prof. Dr. Mehmet Günay

Gazi Univerzitet, Turska

Kardiovaskularni odgovori na trening su poveć anje maksimalne potrošnje kiseonika, udarnog volumenai

srčanog izlaza bez promene ili sa malim smanjenjem maksimalnog pulsa. Sistemska vaskularna provodlji-

vost se poveć ava i takođe postoji poveć anje maksimalne sistemske razlike arteriovenskog kiseonika. Srčani

izlaz na submaksimalnim nivoima rada se ne menja značajno, ali je poveć anje udarnog volumena poveza-

no sa relativnom bradikardijom u stanju mirovanja i u bilo kom datom submaksimalnom nivou potrošnje

kiseonika.

Energičan atletski trening je povezan sa specifi čnom fi ziološkom i strukturnom kardiovaskularnom pro-

menom, što obuhvata ono što je nazvano “sindrom sportskog srca”. Ove promene nisu patološke i pred-

stavljaju odgovarajuć e adaptacije na fi zički trening. Studije su pokazale da kod sportiste postoji kontinuum

atletskih adaptacija u zavisnosti od napora treninga.

• Za sportiste trenirane zaizdržljivost srce mora da se prilagodi uglavnom hroničnom preoptereć enju obi-

ma koji dovodi do poveć anja kako krajnjeg dijastolnog prečnika leve komore, tako i debljine zida leve ko-

more. Ovo rezultira ekscentričnom hipertrofi jom sa izraženijim porastom u debljini zida od očekivanog.

• Sportista treniran za snagu se prilagođava razvijanjem koncentrične hipertrofi je sa poveć anjem apsolut-

ne i relativne debljine zida bez značajnih promena u krajnjem dijastolnom prečniku.

Trening sa vežbama je povezan sa fi ziološkim poveć anjem leve komore (LK) debljine zida, veličine i mase

šupljine koje su poznate kao “srce sportiste”. Mera u kojoj se menjaju dilatacija i hipertrofi ja LK zavisi od

vrste fi zičkog treninga, izdržljivosti ili snage.

Faktori rizika za KBS (koronarne bolesti srca) koje ne možemo kontrolisati su nasleđe (i porodična istorija),

muški pol i starost. Oni koje možemo kontrolisati su abnormalne masnoć e u krvi i lipoproteini, hiperten-

zija, pušenje, fi zička neaktivnost, gojaznost, dijabetes i otpornost na insulin. Nivoi aktivnosti povezani

sa smanjenim rizikom od KBS mogu biti niži od onih koji su potrebni za poveć anje aerobnog kapaciteta.

Fizički trening poboljšava kontraktilnost srca, radnu sposobnost i koronarnu cirkulaciju. Neosporna je

činjenica da naporan trening kod sportista izaziva različite fi ziološke promene kod sportskog srca u za-

visnosti od vrste sporta i treninga kojim se bave; takođe, redovno vežbanje smanjuje faktore rizika KBS i

poveć ava kvalitet života među običnim ljudima.

29

ATHLETE’S HEART AND PREVENTION OF CORONARY RISK FACTORS

Prof. Dr. Mehmet Günay

Gazi University, Turkey

Cardiovascular responses to training are an increase in maximal oxygen uptake, stroke volume, and cardiac

output with no change or a small decrease in maximal heart rate. Systemic vascular conductance increases

and there is also an increase in the maximal systemic arteriovenous oxygen diff erence. Cardiac output at

submaximal levels of work does not change signifi cantly but the increase in stroke volume is associated

with a relative bradycardia at rest and at any given submaximal level of oxygen uptake.

Vigorous athletic training is associated with specifi c physiologic and structural cardiovascular change,

which comprises what has been termed the ‘’athletic heart syndrome‘’. Th ese changes are non-pathologic

and represent appropriate adaptations to physical training. Studies have suggested that there is a continu-

um of athletic adaptations depending on the training stress of the athlete.

• For endurance-trained athletes, the heart has to adapt to principally a chronic volume overload that re-

sults in an increase in both left ventricular end diastolic diameter and left ventricular wall thickness. Th is

results in eccentric hypertrophy with a more pronounced increase in wall thickness than expected.

• Th e strength-trained athlete adapts by developing a concentric hypertrophy with an increase in absolute

and relative wall thickness without signifi cant changes in end-diastolic diameter.

Exercise training is associated with a physiological increase in left ventricular (LV) wall thickness, cavity

size and mass that have been known as “athlete’s heart”. Th e extent to which LV dilatation and hypertrophy

are altered depends on the type of physical training, endurance or strength.

Risk factors for CHD that we cannot control are heredity (and family history), male sex and advanced age.

Th ose that we can control are abnormal blood lipids and lipoproteins, hypertension, smoking, physical

inactivity, obesity, diabetes and insulin resistance.

Th e levels of activity associated with a reduced risk for CHD can be lower than those needed to increase

aerobic capacity. Physical training improves the heart’s contractility, work capacity, and coronary circula-

tion.

It is an indisputable fact that strenuous training in athletes causes various physiological changes in athlete’s

heart depending on the type of sport and training they do; also regular exercise decreases CHD risk factors

and increases quality of life among ordinary people.

30

31

SESIJA 1

ISTRAŽIVAČKOMETODOLOŠKI ASPEKTI EFEKATA PRIMENE

FIZIČKIH AKTIVNOSTI U FIZIČKOM VASPITANJU

SESSION 1

RESEARCHMETHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE EFFECTS

OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY APPLICATION IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION

32

NERELIGIJSKA DUHOVNOST U PUTOVANJU

GDE SU GRANICE ISKUSTVENOG OBRAZOVANJA?

Ivo Jirásek

Fakultet fi zičke kulture, Univerzitet Palacki Olomouc, Češka Republika

Uvod

“Češki način” iskustvenog obrazovanja (Martin, Franc i Zounkova, 2004) je vidljiv, na primer, u zimskim

kursevima koje organizuje Letnja škola Lipnice – Češki način (Outward Bound Czech Republic). Tak-

va vrsta putovanja na krpljama za sneg ima posebne duhovne karakteristike (Jirásek, 2014). Slična vrsta

duhovnosti može se, međutim, takođe videti u jedrenju. Postavlja se pitanje da li je moguće razumeti ove

obe vrste “nereligijskih hodočašća” u okviru iskustvenog obrazovanja zbog svojih nereligijskih duhovnih

aspekata.

Metod

Iskustva učesnika zimskog kursa pešačenja su ispitivana na osnovu mentalne mape stvorene od strane

učesnika, a iskustvo iz prekookeanskih jedrenja su saopštavana kroz analizu dnevnika učesnika na hol-

andskom brodu Oosterschelde. Primena hermeneutičke metode za dublje razumevanje takvih iskustava

moguća je prevazilaženjem pozitivističkog ideala nauke (objašnjenje) i okretanju ka hermeneutičkom i

fenomenološkom cilju istraživanja (razumevanje).

Rezultati i diskusija

Iako postoje neke sličnosti u duhovnom sadržaju iskustva sa zimskog pešačenja i prekookeanskog jedrenja

(dublje razmišljanje nad sobom, vreme za traženje važnih vrednosti u sopstvenom životu, promene u per-

cepciji vremena, holistički doživljaj stvarnosti i sl.), postoje i razlike (individualna ličnost nasuprot grupe

i zajednice, verbalni simbolizam protiv simbolizma vizuelne umetnosti). Glavna razlika, međutim, sastoji

se u principu takozvane “dramaturgije”: dok su iskustva pešačenja bila namenjena i bila cilj timu koji je

pripremio ovaj tok iskustvenog obrazovanja, iskustva jedrenja nisu - i nisu mogla da budu - pripremljena

unapred.

Zaključak

Granica raznih sportskih i slobodnih aktivnosti i njihovo razumevanje kao iskustvenog obrazovanja leži u

planiranju i pripremi iskustva učesnika kroz princip dramaturgije.

Ključne reči: zimsko pešačenje, jedrenje, iskustveno obrazovanje

Literatura 1. Jirásek, I. (2014). Fenomén putování jako symbol duchovního rozměru osobno stního rozvoje v diskursu zážitkové

pedagogiky. Pedagogická orientace, 24(1), 5-21.

2. Martin, A., Franc, D., & Zounková, D. (2004). Učenje napolju i iskustveno učenje: holistički i kreativni pristup pro-

jektovanju programa (Outdoor and experiential learning: an holistic and creative approach to programme design).

Aldershot: Gower Publishing.

33

NONRELIGIOUS SPIRITUALITY IN TRAVELING

WHERE ARE THE BOUNDARIES OF EXPERIENTIAL EDUCATION?

Ivo Jirásek

Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacky University Olomouc, Czech republic

Introduction

“Th e Czech way” of experiential education (Martin, Franc, & Zounková, 2004) is visible for example in the

winter courses organized by Vacation School of Lipnice – Outward Bound Czech Republic. Such a kind of

traveling on snowshoes has specifi c spiritual features (Jirásek, 2014). A similar kind of spirituality may be,

however, seen also in sailing. Th e question arises whether it is possible to understand both these kinds of

“non-religious pilgrimages” in the framework of experiential education due to their non-religious spiritual

aspects.

Method

Participants’ experience from the winter trekking course is investigated on the basis of mental maps cre-

ated by the participants, whereas the experience from transoceanic sailing is communicated through an

analysis of the diary of a participant on board the Dutch ship Oosterschelde. Th e application of the her-

meneutic method for deeper understanding of such experiences is possible by overcoming the positivistic

ideal of science (explanation) toward the hermeneutic and phenomenological objective of the research

(understanding).

Results and discussion

Although there are some similarities in the spiritual content of experience from winter trekking and trans-

oceanic sailing (deeper thinking over oneself, time for looking for the important values in one’s own life,

changes in the perception of time, holistically perceived reality etc.), there are also diff erences (individual

personality versus group and community, verbal symbolism versus visual art symbolism). Th e main dif-

ference, however, consists in the principle of so-called “dramaturgy”: whereas trekking experiences were

intended and aimed for by the team that prepared this course of experiential education, the experiences

from sailing were not – and could not have been – prepared in advance.

Conclusion

Th e boundary of various sport and leisure activities and their understanding as experiential education lies

in the planning and preparation of participants’ experiences through the principle of dramaturgy.

Key words: winter trekking, sailing, experiential education

References 1. Jirásek, I. (2014). Fenomén putování jako symbol duchovního rozměru osobnostního rozvoje v diskursu zážitkové

pedagogiky. Pedagogická orientace, 24(1), 5-21.

2. Martin, A., Franc, D., & Zounková, D. (2004). Outdoor and experiential learning: an holistic and creative approach

to programme design. Aldershot: Gower Publishing.

34

EFIKASNOST INTERNET PLATFORME ZA UČENJE TESS

Dessislava Koleva-Ivanova, Liliya Doncheva, Ana Paula

Nacionalna sportska akademija “Vasil Levski”, Sofi ja, Bugarska

Uvod

Ovaj članak sadrži rezultate istraživanja sprovedenog među 137 ciljnih pojedinaca iz pet zemalja (Bugar-

ska, Nemačka, Portugalija, Mađarska, Francuska) a čiji je cilj otkrivanje efi kasnosti Internet platforme za

učenje TESS (Tehnički engleski za stručnjake u sportu).

Metoda

Da bi se utvrdilo da li ć e ovo nastavno sredstvo biti korisno za buduć e korisnike, glavni zadatak je bio da

se dobiju povratne informacije od testiranih ispitanika o tehničkom, pedagoškom i jezičkom sadržaju ovog

nastavnog sredstva po završetku celog odeljk, što podrazumeva gledanje tri video zapisa, izradu vežbanja

uz svaki video, proučavanje vokabulara i gramatike u vezi sa njima.


Da bi se utvrdio statistički značaj odgovora u odnosu na varijablu država, 137 korisnika je podeljeno u pet

kategorija i to: 15 iz Portugalije, 16 iz Mađarske, 26 iz Nemačke, 41 iz Francuske, i 39 iz Bugarske. Varijabla

Država ima statistički značajan uticaj na sve odgovore (tabela 4). Zapravo, statistički značaj je izražen u

svim pitanjima, sa izuzetkom pitanja 9. (p <,05), na nivou ,001.

Zaključak

Ispatanici vezani za odbojku i košarku su zadovoljniji ovim nastavnim sredstvom, s obzirom na bolje re-

zultate u njihovoj proceni. Rezultati ukazuju da je specifi čnost sadržaja nastavnog sredstva privlačnija za

ljude snažno vezane za prikazane sportove, posebno trenere, za razliku od ljudi u sportu, koji se značajno

razlikuju od svih drugih kategorija u preporuci ovog nastavnog sredstva.

Ključne reči: Internet nastavno sredstvo, sport, tehnički engleski

Literatura 1. Буланова, Н. (2012). Использование инновационных технологий в обучении английскому языку. 9-й

Международний научной семинар в рамках 10-й Международной научно-технической конференции

„Наука, Образованию, Производству, Экономике”, 24-28.

2. Kendall, M. (2001). Onlajn nastava za studente kampusa: Iskustvo korišć enja WebCT za informacioni modul

zajednice Mančester Metropoliten Univerziteta (Teaching online to campus-based students: Th e experience of

using WebCT for the community information module at Manchester Metropolitan University). Obrazovanje radi

informacija (Education for Information), 19(4) 325–346.

35

EFFICIENCY OF THE INTERNET BASED TEACHING PLATFORM TESS


National Sports Academy “Vassil Levski”, Sofi a, Bulgaria

Introduction

Th e article presents the results from a research done among 137 target individuals from fi ve countries

(Bulgaria, Germany, Portugal, Hungary, and France) aimed at revealing the effi ciency of the Internet based

teaching platform TESS (Technical English for Sport Specialists).

Method

In order to establish whether the tool will be useful for the future users, the main task set was to receive

the testers’ feedback on the technical, pedagogical, and language contents of the tool after doing a whole

station, which means viewing the three videos, doing each video’s exercises, and exploring the vocabulary

and the grammar associated with it.


In order to reveal the statistical signifi cance of the answers based on the Country the 137 users were

distributed in fi ve categories as follows: 15 from Portugal, 16 from Hungary, 26 from Germany, 41 from

France, and 39 from Bulgaria. Th e variable Country has a statistically signifi cant eff ect on all the answers

(Table 4). Actually the statistical signifi cance is expressed in all the questions, with the exception of the 9th

(p<.05), at the .001 level.

Conclusion

Volleyball and Basketball responders seem to be more satisfi ed with the tool, considering the higher scores

in their evaluation. Th e results suggest that the specifi city of the tool content is more appealing for people

strongly related with the sports presented, especially coaches, as opposed to Sport people, that signifi cant

diff er from all the other categories in the recommendation of the tool.

Key words: Internet based teaching tool, sport, technical English

References 1. Буланова, Н. (2012). Использование инновационных технологий в обучении английскому языку. 9-й

Международний научной семинар в рамках 10-й Международной научно-технической конференции

„Наука, Образованию, Производству, Экономике”, 24-28.

2. Kendall, M. (2001). Teaching online to campus-based students: Th e experience of using WebCT for the commu-

nity information module at Manchester Metropolitan University. Education for Information, 19(4) 325–346.

36

ISPITIVANJE FILOZOFSKIH GLEDIŠTA NASTAVNIKA

FIZIČKOG VASPITANJA O FIZIČKOM VASPITANJU

Sami Merdan Ozudogru1, Giyasettin Demirhan2

1Nastavnik fi zičkog vaspitanja, Ankara, Turska2Hacettepe Univerzitet, Fakultet sportskih nauka, Ankara, Turska

Uvod

Postoje mnogi fundamentalni fi lozofski pristupi i edukatori su pod njihovim uticajem. Ovi fi lozofski pristu-

pi uključuju idealizam, realizam, pragmatizam, naturalizam, egzistencijalizam i dijalektički materijalizam.

U tom kontekstu, cilj ove studije je da ispita fi lozofska gledišta nastavnika fi zičkog vaspitanja o fi zičkom

vaspitanju (Demirhan, 2003; Gutek, 2004; Sonmez, 1994).

Metod

Istraživanje je realizovano sa 237 nastavnika fi zičkog vaspitanja koji su učestvovali u anketama i 14 nasta-

vnika fi zičkog vaspitanja koji su učestvovali u intervjuima, nastavnici su radili u Ankari u školskoj 2009-

2010 godini. Upitnici i intervjui su primenjeni među nastavnicima fi zičkog vaspitanja od strane samog

istraživača. Analiza procenata i učestalosti je primenjena za procenu podataka iz upitnika, dok je za inter-

vjue korišć ena analiza sadržaja.


Analiza podataka je pokazala da već ina nastavnika fi zičkog vaspitanja ima pragmatičan stav prema svojim

časovima fi zičkog vaspitanja, dok je manjina pokazala da, u vezi sa tim, ima realistično gledište. Kursevi

fi zičkog vaspitanja u različitim dimenzijama su posmatrani sa različitim fi lozofi jama. Stavovi nastavnika

se ne menjaju u pogledu pola, dok se dimenzije gledišta nastavnika na zarade, ciljeve, učenje i nastavne

metode i evaluaciju menjaju prema ostvarenim godinama staža.

Zaključak

Kao rezultat, može se reći da nastavnici pristupaju fi zičkom vaspitanju sa različitim fi lozofskim gledištima.

Ključne reči: Obrazovanje, fi lozofi ja, nastavnik fi zičkog vaspitanja

Literatura1. Demirhan, G. (2003) Beden egitimi ogretmenlerinin beden egitimi ve spora ilişkin felsefi gorusleri (Physical

education teachers’ philosophical views toward physical education and sport). Hacettepe Spor Bilimleri Dergisi

(Hacettepe Journal of Sport Sciences), 14 (2), 38-66.

2. Gutek, G.L. (2004). Philosophical and ideological voices in education. Boston: Pearson.

3. Sonmez V. (1996) Egitim Felsefesi (Educational Philosophy). Ankara: Ani Yayıncılık (Ani Publishing).

37

EXAMINATION OF PHILOSOPHICAL VIEWS

OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION TEACHERS ON PHYSICAL EDUCATION

Sami Merdan Ozudogru1, Giyasettin Demirhan2

1Physical Education Teacher, Ankara, Turkey2Hacettepe University, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Ankara, Turkey

Introduction

Th ere are many fundamental philosophical approaches and educators are infl uenced by them. Th ese philo-

sophical approaches include idealism, realism, pragmatism, naturalism, existentialism and dialectic ma-

terialism. In this context, the aim of this study was to examine philosophical views of physical education

teachers on physical education (Demirhan, 2003; Gutek, 2004; Sonmez, 1994).

Method

Th e research was realized with 237 physical education teachers who participated in surveys and 14 physi-

cal education teachers who participated in interviews, the teachers worked in Ankara in the academic year

of 2009-2010. Questionnaires and interviews were applied to physical education teachers by the researcher

himself. Percentage and frequency analysis was applied to evaluate the data from the questionnaires while

for the interviews content analysis was used.

Results and Discussion

Data analysis revealed that the majority of physical education teachers have a pragmatic perspective to

their physical education classes while the minority showed a realistic view. Physical education courses at

diff erent dimensions were observed with diff erent philosophies. Attitudes of teachers do not change in

terms of gender while the dimensions of teachers’ views on earnings, objectives, learning and teaching

methods and evaluation alternate according to the years of service accomplished.

Conclusion

As a result, it may be said that teachers approach physical education with diff erent philosophies.

Keywords: Education, philosophy, physical education teacher

References1. Demirhan, G. (2003) Beden egitimi ogretmenlerinin beden egitimi ve spora ilişkin felsefi gorusleri (Physical

education teachers’ philosophical views toward physical education and sport). Hacettepe Spor Bilimleri Dergisi

(Hacettepe Journal of Sport Sciences), 14 (2), 38-66.

2. Gutek, G.L. (2004). Philosophical and ideological voices in education. Boston: Pearson.

3. Sonmez V. (1996) Egitim Felsefesi (Educational Philosophy). Ankara: Ani Yayıncılık (Ani Publishing).

38

ANALIZA STAVA O IGRI I RAZLIKE U ODNOSU

NA POL I MJESTO STANOVANJA

Vlado Jakovljević1, Snežana Bijelić2, Vladimir Jakovljević2

1Student drugog ciklusa studija na Fakultetu fi zičkog vaspitanja i sporta,

Univerzitet u Banjoj Luci, Banjaluka, Republika Srpska, BiH 2Univerzitet u Banjaluci, Fakultet fi zičkog vaspitanja i sporta, Banjaluka, Republika Srpska, BiH

Uvod

Igra je sastavni dio svih dosadašnjih civilizacija, suštinska potreba i način na koji se dijete razvija u zdravu,

aktivnu i kreativnu osobu. To je opredjelilo autore da predmet rada bude igra, odnosno stav o igri, te pol i

mjesto stanovanja. Problem je analiza stava o igri i razlike u odnosu na pol i mjesto stanovanja.

Metod

Primjenjeno je terensko neeksperimentalno istraživanje servej metodom. Petostepena skala, Lickertovog

tipa, sastojala se od 23 pitanja. Uzorak ispitanika je činilo 406 učenika devetih razreda, oba pola iz više

osnovnih škola u Republici Srpskoj, koje se nalaze na selu, u manjem ili većem gradu. Korištene su i metoda

teorijske analize i deskriptivna metoda.

Rezultati sa diskusijom

Analizom rezultata, koji su obrađeni korištenjem neparametrijskih statističkih procedura (U test i Krus-

kal Wallis test), utvrđeno je da je stav o igri statistički značajno pozitivan. Faktorizacijom su izdvojena 4

faktora (percepcija ličnog učešća, faktor participacije, emocionalni i motivacioni faktor). Prema polu, kao

odrednici, su utvrđene statistički značajne razlike u dva faktora (participacije i motivacionom), a u odnosu

na mjesto u kome djeca žive i pohađaju nastavu, ne postoji statistički značajna razlika po faktorima.

Zaključak

Razlika u motivacionom faktoru u odnosu na pol se tumači izraženijom željom dječaka za isticanjem

u društvu, kao i snažnijom privrženošću takmičenjima. Razlika kod faktora participacije se objašnjava

zrelošću djevojaka u ovom uzrastu. Nepostojanje razlike u stavu zavisno od mjesta stanovanja, autori vide

u tome što su se društveni uslovi na selu, manjem ili većem gradu promjenili (u smislu približavanja). Da-

nas djeca na selu provode slobodno vrijeme kao i djeca u gradovima.

Ključne reči: stav, igra, servej metoda, faktorizacija

Literatura1. Bijelić, S. Pavović, P. (2010); Igranjem do igre, Zbornik radova 2.internacionalnog kongresa Banjaluka, pp 277-283

2. Fink, E. (1984); Osnovni fenomeni ljudskog postojanja, Beograd, Nolit

3. Pavlović, P. (2002); Prilog egzegezi igre, Srpsko SarajevoViteška organizacija srpski soko

39

ANALYSIS OF ATTITUDE ABOUT THE GAME AND THE DIFFERENCES

WITH RESPECT TO GENDER AND PLACE OF RESIDENCE

Vlado Jakovljević1, Snežana Bijelić2, Vladimir Jakovljević2

1Student of the second cycle of studies at the Faculty of Physical Education and Sport,

University of Banja Luka, Banja Luka, Serbian Republic, Bosnia and Herzegovina2University of Banja Luka, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Banja Luka,

Serbian Republic, Bosnia and Herzegovina

Introduction

Th e game is an integral part of all previous civilizations, essential need and the way in which children de-

velop into healthy, active and creative persons. Th at made authors chose the game as an object of work, as

well as attitude about the game, gender and place of residence. Th e problem is the analysis of attitude about

the game and the diff erences with respect to gender and place of residence.

Method

Th e survey method was applied. Five-point Lickert scale, consisted of twenty three questions. Th e sample

consisted 406 ninth grade students of both sexes from several primary schools in the Republic of Serbia, lo-

cated in the countryside, in a smaller or larger city. Method of theoretical analysis and descriptive method

were used.


Th e analysis of the results, which were analyzed using nonparametric statistical procedures (U test and

Kruskal Wallis test) showed that the attitude about the game is signifi cantly positive. Factorization are

extracted to four factors (perception of personal involvement, participation factor, emotional and moti-

vational factors). By gender as a determinant, signifi cant diff erences have been revealed in the two factors

(participation and motivational), and in relation to the place in which the children live and attend school

there was no statistically signifi cant diff erence between factors.

Conclusion

Th e diff erence in motivation factor with respect to gender interpreted that boys have stronger desire to

excel in society, as well as a stronger commitment to competitions. Th e diff erence in the participation fac-

tors, explains the maturity of girls in this age group. Th e lack of diff erences in attitude depending on the

place of residence, the authors explain by the fact that social conditions in the countryside, smaller and big

cities have been changed (in terms of convergence). Today children in the countryside spend their free time

as same as children in the cities.

Keywords : attitude, play, survey, method of factorization

References1. Bijelić, S. Pavović, P. (2010), Playing the Game, Work collection of 2nd international Congress Banjaluka pp. 277-

283

2. Fink, E. (1984) Th e basic phenomena of human existence, Belgrade, Nolit

3. Pavlovic, P. (2002) Attachment exegesis of the game, the Serbian Serbian Sarajevo ,Viteška organization Serbian falcon

40

ULOGA METODIKE FIZIČKOG VASPITANJA

I PSIHOLOŠKE GRUPE PREDMETA U PODIZANJU SVESTI STUDENATA

BUDUĆIH VASPITAČA O ZNAČAJU FIZIČKE AKTIVNOSTI

Nataša Sturza Milić, Tanja Nedimović1Visoka škola strukovnih studija za vaspitače „Mihailo Palov“ Vršac, Srbija

Uvod

U kontekstu brzih promena savremenog društva, sveprisutne hipokinezije i sedentarnog načina života

dece i odraslih, trebalo bi preduzimati nove strategije obrazovanja vaspitača. Delimično rešenje problema

može se pronaći u interdisciplinarnom pristupu, tj., kreiranju i prožimanju dela sadržaja različitih studi-

jskih predmeta (u ovom slučaju, Metodike fi zičkog vaspitanja i Psihološke grupe predameta), koji bi bili

usmereni ka istom cilju - razvijanju svesti studenata o značaju fi zičke aktivnosti (FA) za zdravlje i

kvalitet života dece i odraslih.

Metod

Cilj rada bio je da ispita da li pre i posle navedenih kurseva postoji razlika u sagledavanju karakteristika i

značaja upražnjavanja FA dece i odraslih, između studenata prve (N=114) i treće godine (N=84). Istraživanje

se baziralo na deskriptivnom i kauzalnom neeksperimentalnom metodu. Za potrebe istraživanja konstrui-

san je upitnik Likertovog tipa sa 14 pitanja koja su se odnosila na procenu značaja FA i njenih osnovnih

karakteristika. Za utvrđivanje razlika između malih nezavisnih grupa korišćen je T-test. Nivo značajnosti

razlika testiran je na nivou od p<0,05.


Rezultati pokazuju da u 6 od 14 ispitivanih stavki postoji značajna razlika između mišljenja studenata prve

i treće godine. Studenti treće godine imaju bolju percepciju kada su u pitanju specifi čnosti i načinima

organizovanja FA (svakodnevno organizovanje FA, preporučene dnevne vrednosti FA za decu i odrasle i

sl.), dok kod pitanja usmerenih ka ispitivanju značaja FA, razlike nisu uočene. Kod pitanja usmerenih ka

samoproceni FA, razlike nisu uočene (prisutna je fi zička neaktivnost kod studenata, što otvara novi, već

poznat problem).

Zaključak

Zaključci istraživanja upućuju na to da bi u cilju smanjenja hipokinezije studenata i podizanja sves-

ti o značaju FA trebalo preduzimati i tragati za novim strategijama planiranja i izvođenja obrazovanja

vaspitača. Interdisciplinarnim pristupom i prožimanjem sadržaja različitih nastavnih predmeta, moguće

je povećavati obim znanja, ali i motivaciju i interesovanja studenata prema različitim oblicima FA, što bi se

dugoročno moglo pozitivno odraziti i na podizanje kvaliteta života dece.

Ključne reči: fi zička aktivnost, obrazovanje vaspitača, kompetencije

Literatura 1. Abazović, E., Miletić, Đ., Kovačević, E. (2014). Monitoring the Subjective Exercise Experience in Physical Educa-

tion Students. Milanović, D., Sporiš, G. (Ur.), Proceedings 7th International Scientifi c Conference on Kinesiology

„Fundamental and Applied Kinesiology – Steps Forward“, (688-692). Zagreb: Faculty of Kinesiology.

2. Pišot, S. (2012). Vedenjski slogi staršev-osnova otrokovega telesnega kapitala? Rado Pišot, Petra Dolenc, Iztok

Retar, Saša Pišot (ur.), Zbornik prispevkov - 7. mednarodni znanstveni in strokovni simpozij “Otrok v gibanju za

zdravo staranje” Koper, 2012 (147-154). Koper: Univerza na Primorskem, Znanstveno-raziskovalno središče,

Pedagoška fakulteta Koper, Univerza v Ljubljani, Pedagoška fakulteta.

41

THE ROLE OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND THE PSYCHOLOGICAL

GROUP OF SUBJECTS IN RAISING THE STUDENTS’ FUTURE PRESCHOOL

TEACHERS’ AWARENESS ON THE IMPORTANCE OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY

Natasa Sturza Milic, Tanja Nedimovic1 Preschool Teacher Training College „Mihailo Palov“ Vrsac, Serbia

Introduction

In the context of the fast changing society, omnipresent hypokinesis and sedentary way of life of both

adults and children, we should implement new strategies of planning and applying preschool teacher edu-

cation. A partial solution to this problem can be found in the interdisciplinary approach, i.e. by creating

and merging the content from diff erent subjects (in this case, Methodology of Physical Education and the

Psychology group of subjects), which would be directed to a common goal – the development of student

awareness on the importance of physical activity (PA) for health and quality of life for children and adults.

Method

Th e aim of the paper is to discover whether there is a diff erence in the students’ perception of the charac-

teristics and importance of PA of children and adults before and after the aforementioned courses between

the students of the fi rst year (N=114) and the third year (N=84). Th e research was based on descriptive

and causal non-experimental method. For the needs of the research a Likert questionnaire was made. It

consisted of 14 questions which referred to the assessment of PA knowledge and its basic characteristics.

A T-test was used for determining the diff erence between small and independent groups. Th e level of sig-

nifi cance of diff erences was tested on a level from p<0.05.


Results show that there is a signifi cant diff erence in 6 out of 14 researched items between the students of

the fi rst year and the third. Students of the third year have a better perception of the characteristics and

ways of organizing PA (the need organizing daily PA, the recommended daily PA for children and adults

etc.), while in the questions connected to the importance of PA, no diff erences were noted (physical inac-

tivity is present in a large number of students, which opens a new, already familiar problem).

Conclusion

Th e conclusion of this research indicates that new strategies in planning and implementing preschool

teacher education need to be used in order to lower the students’ hypokinesis and increase the awareness

of PA importance. With the interdisciplinary approach and the merging of content between subjects, it is

possible to increase knowledge, but also students’ motivation and interest for diff erent forms of PA, which

would in the long run positively infl uence and increase the preschool children’s quality of life.

Key words: physical activity, education of preschool teachers, competencies

References1. Abazović, E., Miletić, Đ., Kovačević, E. (2014). Monitoring the Subjective Exercise Experience in Physical Educa-

tion Students. Milanović, D., Sporiš, G. (Eds.), Proceedings 7th International Scientifi c Conference on Kinesiology

„Fundamental and Applied Kinesiology – Steps Forward“, (688-692). Zagreb: Faculty of Kinesiology.

2. Pišot, S. (2012). Vedenjski slogi staršev-osnova otrokovega telesnega kapitala? Rado Pišot, Petra Dolenc, Iztok

Retar, Saša Pišot (ur.), Zbornik prispevkov - 7. mednarodni znanstveni in strokovni simpozij “Otrok v gibanju za

zdravo staranje” Koper, 2012 (147-154). Koper: Univerza na Primorskem, Znanstveno-raziskovalno središče,

Pedagoška fakulteta Koper, Univerza v Ljubljani, Pedagoška fakulteta.

42

RAZLIKE MOTORIČKE I METABOLIČKOFUNKCIONALNE EFIKASNOSTI

REALIZACIJE TESTA ZA PROCENU SPECIFIČNE

SPRETNOSTI POLICAJACA

U ODNOSU NA PROFESIONALNU SPECIJALIZACIJU1

Radivoje Janković1, Milivoj Dopsaj2, Raša Dimitrijević1,

Goran Vučković1, Nenad Koropanovski1 1Kriminalističko-policijska akademija, Zemun, Srbija

1 Fakultet sporta i fi zičkog vaspitanja Univerziteta u Beogradu, Beograd, Srbija

Uvod

Moderni načini testiranja specifi čnih motoričkih sposobnosti policajaca zahtevaju da test bude specifi čan

po svojoj strukturi i da odražava situacione uslove napora koji bi se vršio tokom rada. S obzirom da se

povećanje efi kasnosti edukativnih procesa može postići kroz unapređenje karakteristika instrumenata,

mernih postupaka i njihovom profesionalnom implementacijom na Kriminalističko-policijskoj akademi-

ji (KPA) je konstruisan poligon za procenu specifi čne spretnosti policajaca (Pol_SSP1). Cilj rada jeste

utvrđivanje razlike u uspešnosti realizacije Pol_SSP1 i kod metaboličko-funkcionalnih reakcija organizma

pri realizaciji Pol_SSP1 kod grupa formiranih po kriterijumu profesionalne specijalizacije.

Metod

U istraživanju je učestvovalo 30 studenata KPA, 28 pripadnika policije opšte nadležnosti, 19 pripadnika

Specijalne antiterorističke jedinice i 22 ispitanika kontrolne grupe. Vreme potrebno da se savlada poligon

(t_SSP1) predstavljalo je pokazatelj efi kasnosti realizacije. Koncentracija laktata u kapilarnoj krvi u petom

minutu oporavka (La5) posmatrana je kao mera metaboličke acidoze. Mere funkcionalnog opterećenja

srčanosudovnog sistema organizma bile su maksimalne vrednost frekvencije srca (HRmax

) i brzina oporavka

u prvom (FO1) i petom (FO

5) minutu nakon rada. Postojanje generalne razlike varijabiliteta između grupa

utvrđeno je primenom MANOVA. Parcijalne razlike su utvrđene Bonferoni testom. Statistička značajnost

je defi nisana na nivou 95% verovatnoće.


Rezultati MANOVA pokazali su da na generalnom nivou postoje statistički značajne razlike između grupa

na nivou vrednosti Wilks’ Lambde od 0.358 (F = 7.562, p < 0.05). Postojanje statistički značajne razlike

utvrđeno je kod varijabli: t_SSP1 (F = 15.835, p < 0.05), HRmax

(F = 12.776, p < 0.05), FO1 (F = 4.837, p =

0.004) i FO5 (F = 11.676, p < 0.05). Kod La

5 nije utvrđena statistički značajna razlika.

Zaključak

Na osnovu dobijenih rezultata može da se zaključi da efi kasnost realizacije Pol_SSP1 zavisi od profesion-

alne specijalizacije. Takođe, kod posmatranih grupa utvrđene su razlike kod reakcije srčanosudovnog siste-

ma organizma na specifi čno opterećenje.

Ključne reči: policija, poligon, laktati, frekvencija srca

Literatura1. Dopsaj, M., Janković, R. (2014). Validnost poligona specifične spretnosti kod studenata KPA: Metabolički i

funkcionalni pokazatelji fizičkog opterećenja, Nauka-bezbednost-policija, 19(1), 185-199.

2. Janković, R., Dopsaj, M., Dimitrijević, R. (2014). Diff erences of metabolical and physical reactions to specifi c

physical stress within the body of the Academy of Criminalistic and Police Studies students. International scien-

tifi c conference “Archibald Reiss days”, Belgrade, 129-136.

1 Rad je deo projekta „Efekti primenjene fi zičke aktivnosti na lokomotorni, metabolički, psiho-socijalni i vaspitni status populacije

R Srbije” pod brojem III47015, a kao deo potprojekta „Efekti primenjene fi zičke aktivnosti na lokomotorni, metabolički, psiho-

socijalni i vaspitni status populacije policije R Srbije,” koji se fi nansira od strane Ministarstva prosvete i nauke Republike Srbije

– Ciklus naučnih projekata 2011-2015.

43

DIFFERENCES BETWEEN MOTOR AND METABOLICFUNCTIONAL

EFFICIENCY OF POLICE OFFICERS WHEN ESTIMATING THEIR

PERFORMANCE USING THE SPECIAL PROFICIENCY TEST, DEPENDING ON

THEIR PROFESSIONAL SPECIALIZATION1

Radivoje Janković1, Milivoj Dopsaj2, Raša Dimitrijević1,

Goran Vučković1, Nenad Koropanovski1

1 Academy of Criminalistic and Police Studies, Zemun, Serbia1 Faculty of sport and physical education, Belgrade University, Belgrade, Serbia

Introduction

Modern ways of testing specifi c motor abilities of police offi cers require a specifi cally structured test, which

refl ects the eff ort conditions of situations in which offi cers fi nd themselves in during their everyday work.

Since the effi ciency of educational processes can be increased through the upgrade of instrument charac-

teristics, measurement steps and their professional implementation on the Academy of Criminalistic and

Police Studies (ACPS), an obstacle course for assessment of specifi c abilities of police offi cers (OC_SAPO1)

has been constructed. Th e goal of the paper is to determine the diff erences in performance throughout

the OC_SAPO1 and the diff erences of metabolic-functional organism reactions during the realization of

OC_SAPO1 in groups created according to the criteria of professional specialization.

Method

Th e research included 30 ACPS students, 28 law enforcement offi cers, 19 members of the special antiter-

rorist unit and 22 members of control group. Th e time needed to complete the obstacle course (t_SAPO1)

represented the effi ciency of realization. Lactate concentration in capillary blood in the fi fth minute of re-

covery (La5) was regarded as a measurement of metabolic acidosis. Th e measurements of functional load

on the cardio vascular system were maximal heart rate (HRmax

) and the speed of recovery in the fi rst (SR1)

and fi fth (SR5) minute after the test. Th e existence of a general variable diff erence between groups has been

determined through the usage of MANOVA test. Partial diff erences were determined using the Bonferroni

test. Statistical signifi cance was determined as 95% probability.


Th e MANOVA results have shown that on a general level there is a statistically signifi cant diff erence be-

tween groups on the Wilks’ Lambda value of 0.358 (F = 7.562, p < 0.05). Signifi cant diff erence has been de-

termined in variables: t_SAPO1 (F = 15.835, p < 0.05), HRmax

(F = 12.776, p < 0.05), SR1 (F = 4.837, p = 0.004)

and SR5 (F = 11.676, p < 0.05). With the variable La

5 no statistically signifi cant diff erence has been found.

Conclusion

On the base of results it can be concluded that the effi ciency of realization of OC_SAPO1 depends on the

professional specialization. Additionally, diff erent eff ects on functional load on the cardio vascular system

of observed groups have been determined.

Keywords: Police, obstacle course, lactate concentration, heart rate

References1. Dopsaj, M., Janković, R. (2014). Validnost poligona specifične spretnosti kod studenata KPA: Metabolički i

funkcionalni pokazatelji fizičkog opterećenja, Nauka-bezbednost-policija, 19(1), 185-199.

2. Janković, R., Dopsaj, M., Dimitrijević, R. (2014). Diff erences of metabolical and physical reactions to specifi c

physical stress within the body of the Academy of Criminalistic and Police Studies students. International scien-

tifi c conference “Archibald Reiss days”, Belgrade, 129-136.

1 Th e paper is a part of the project “Eff ects of applied physical activity on the locomotive, metabolic, psychosocial and educational

status of the population in the Republic of Serbia”, number III47015, as part of the sub-project entitled “Eff ects of physical activ-

ity applied on the locomotive, metabolic, psychosocial and educational status of the police population in the Republic of Serbia”

funded by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Serbia - Research Projects Cycle 2011-2015.

44

SAMOVREDNOVANJE STUDENATA KRIMINALISTIČKOPOLICIJSKE

AKADEMIJE O UTICAJU TERENSKE OBUKE NA POSTIGNUĆA

IZ POLICIJSKE TOPOGRAFIJE

Boban Milojković, Dane Subošić, Dalibor Kekić

Kriminalističko-policijska akademija, Beograd, Srbija

Uvod

Evaluacija usvojenosti znanja i stečenih veština neophodnih za obavljanje policijskih poslova stalna je ak-

tivnost učesnika vaspitno-obrazovanog procesa na Kriminalističko-policijskoj akademiji. S tim u vezi, cilj

ovog rada je da se dođe do pokazatelja studenske samoevaluacije o uticaj terenske obuke na nivo usvojen-

osti znanja i stečenih veština iz policijske topografi je u odnosu na nivo pre njenog početka.

Metod

Istraživanje je obavljeno sa 109 studenata (policijski smer 28, bezbednosni smer 45 policijsko-bezbednosni

smer 36), upitnikom za samovrednovanje (skala vrednovanja usvojenog znanja od 1-5), pre i posle re-

alizacije terenske obuke u nastavnom centru „Mitrovo polje“, u aprilu 2014 godine. Prikupljeni podaci

obrađeni su jednofaktorskom ANOV-om različitih grupa i t-testom uparenih uzoraka.


Jednofaktorskom analizom varijanse utvrđena je statistički značajna razlika na nivou p<0,005 u rezultatima

ispitivanja usvojenosti znanja studenata tri smera koje studenti pohađaju pre realizacije terenske obuke

F(2,103)=96,93, p=0,00, i posle terenske obuke F(2,103)=19,07, p=0,00. T-testom utvrđeno je statistički

značajno smanjenje vrednosti rezultata ispitivanja znanja studenata policijskog smera od početka obuke

(M=4,37, SD=0,84) do njenog kraja (M=3,15, SD=0,77), t(26)=6,52, p<0,00), kod bezbednosnog smera

povećanje (M=1,63, SD=0,76) (M=2,42, SD=1,05), t(42)=-5,52, p<0,00 i policijsko-bezbednosnog smera

povećanje (M=2,97, SD=0,85) (M=3,75, SD=0,97), t(35)=-4,86, p<0,00 (obostrano). T-testom uparenih

uzoraka procenjen je uticaj terenske obuke na rezultate ispitivanja znanja svih studenata iz predmeta

Policijska topografi ja. Utvrđeno je statistički značajno povećanje vrednosti rezultata ispitivanja znanja

studenata od početka obuke (M=2,78, SD=1,36) do njenog kraja (M=3,06, SD=1,11), t(105)=-2,18, p<0,03

(obostrano). Prosečno povećanje vrednosti rezultata ispitivanja znanja studenata bilo je -0,27, dok se in-

terval 95-procentnog poverenja proteže od -0,52 do -0,03. Vrednost eta kvadrat (0,04) pokazuje da je uti-

caj obuke mali. Povećanje nivoa znanja može se objasniti činjenicom da studenti bezbednosnog smera

nemaju nastavu pre terenske obuke i da je teorijska nastava kod policijsko-bezbednosnog smera izvedena

u smanjenom obimu zbog organizacionih problema i od manje iskusnog nastavnika. Smanjenje znanja kod

studenata policijskog smera može se objasniti uticajem uvežbavanja praktičnih radnji iz topografi je u funk-

ciju taktikom postupanja jedinica policije, odnosno shvataju značaja povezivanja teorije i prakse i stvarne

percepcije o tome koliko ne znaju pre terenske obuke.

Zaključak

Dobijeni rezultati samovrednovanja ukazuju na značaj stalnog podizanja didaktičko-metodičkog standar-

da nastave policijske topografi je u kabinetskim uslovima i u okviru posebnih oblika nastave, ali i na potrebu

uvođenja ovog predmeta i na drugim smerovima osnovnih studija na Akademiji.

Literatura 1. Milojević S., Subošić D., (2004). Analiza profesionalne osposobljenosti diplomiranih ofi cira policije, Nauka,

bezbednost, policija, 9(1), pp. 65-84.

2. Milojković, B., (2003). Razlika uspeha studenata policijske akademije iz topografi je osposobljavanih uz primenu

orijentiringa i uspeha studenata osposobljavanih na klasičan način, Sportska medicina, 1, pp. 56-57.

45

SELFEVALUATION OF STUDENTS OF THE ACADEMY OF CRIMINALISTIC

AND POLICE STUDIES ABOUT THE IMPACT OF FIELD TRAINING

ON ACHIEVEMENTS IN POLICE TOPOGRAPHY


Academy of Criminalistic and Police Studies, Zemun, Serbia

Introduction

Th e evaluation of adoption of knowledge and acquired skills needed to perform police duties is a perma-

nent activity of participants of pedagogical and educational process at the Academy of Criminalistic and

Police Studies. In this regard, the aim of the paper is to get indicators of students’ self-evaluation of the

impact of fi eld training on the level of adoption of knowledge and acquired skills in the police topography

in relation to the level before its beginning.

Method

Th e study included 109 students (police course 28, security course 45, police-security course 36), a ques-

tionnaire for self-evaluation (evaluation scale of acquired knowledge 1-5), before and after the implemen-

tation of fi eld training in the training center, “Mitrovo polje”, in April, 2014. Th e collected data were anal-

ysed using single factor ANOVA of various groups and t-test of paired samples.


ANOVA showed statistically signifi cant diff erence at the level of p <0.005 in the test results of adoption

of knowledge among students at three courses which students attend before the implementation of fi eld

training F (2.103) = 96.93, p = 0.00, and after fi eld training F (2.103 ) = 19.07, p = 0.00. T-test showed a sta-

tistically signifi cant reduction in the value of the test results of students’ knowledge at police course from

the beginning of training (M = 4.37, SD = 0.84) to its end (M = 3.15, SD = 0.77), t (26) = 6.52, p <0.00) an

increase at security course (M = 1.63, SD = 0.76) (M = 2.42, SD = 1.05), t (42) = -5.52, p <.00, and increase at

police-security course (M = 2.97, SD = 0.85) (M = 3.75, SD = 0.97), t (35) = - 4 86, p <0.00 (mutually). Using

T-test of paired samples, impact of fi eld training was estimated on the test results of students’ knowledge

of the subject Police topography. A signifi cant increase was found in the value of the test results of students

from the beginning of training (M = 2.78, SD = 1.36) to its end (M = 3.06, SD = 1.11), t (105) = - 2 18, p <0.03

(mutually). Th e average increase in the value of the test results of students was -0.27, while the interval

of 95 percentage of confi dence ranged from -0.52 to -0.03. Th e value of eta squared (0.04) shows that the

impact of training is small. Increase in the level of knowledge can be explained by the fact that students

at security course do not have classes before fi eld training and that classes at police-security classes were

performed on a reduced scale due to organizational problems and by less experienced teacher. Decrease in

acquisition of knowledge among students at police course can be explained by the infl uence of practicing

the practical actions of the topography as a function of tactics of police units, namely they understand the

importance of linking theory and practice and the actual perception of how much they do not know prior

to fi eld training.

Conclusion

Th e results of self-evaluation indicate the importance of permanent raising didactic-methodological stan-

dards in teaching of police topography in indoor conditions and within specifi c forms of teaching, but also

the need to introduce this subject at other courses of undergraduate studies at the Academy.

References1. Milojević S., Subošić D., (2004). Analiza profesionalne osposobljenosti diplomiranih ofi cira policije, Nauka, bez-

bednost, policija, 9(1), 65-84.

2. Milojković, B., (2003). Razlika uspeha studenata policijske akademije iz topografi je osposobljavanih uz primenu

orijentiringa i uspeha studenata osposobljavanih na klasičan način, „Prvi srpski kongres sportskih nauka i medi-

cine sporta“, Sportska medicina, sippl. 1, 56-57.

46

EFEKTI PRIMJENE BOLONJSKOG PROCESA

NA KVALITET ISPITA U PLIVANJU

Milomir Trivun1, Vladan Marković2 1Fakultet fi zičkog vaspitanja i sporta Univerziteta u Istočnom Sarajevu

2Visoka sportska i zdravstvena škola Beograd

Uvod

Prelaskom na Bolonjsku deklaraciju i započetim procesom studiranja, na ovakav sistem došlo je do

poboljšanja prolaznosti na ispitima. Primjenom Bolonjskog proccesa omogućena je veća prohodnost

studenata. Pored toga studenti su dobili prava u anketi da ocjenjuju profesore, kao i učešće u kreiranju

novih predmeta, a posebno izbornih predmeta.

Metod

Na osnovu prikupljenih primarnih izvora podataka sa ispita, a posebno u polaganju praktičnog i teorijskog

dijela ispita iz plivanja i njihove analize dobijeni mjera centralne tendencije (minimum, maksimum, srednja

vrijednost), ukazuju na veliku raspršenost rezultata. Pored deskriptivne analize korišćena je korelaciona

analiza, kao i t-test.


Na osnovu analize prikupljenih podataka, kao i izvora hronoloških ispita u školsim godinama (od 2010 do

2014.), mjerama centralne tendencije, kao i artimetičnom sredinom dobijen je prosek prolaznost ne samo

u pomenutim godinama nego i samo jednom ispitnom roku (prvi i drugi termin), na predmetu plivanje 1

i 2. Poređenjem rezultatske uspješnosti u segmentima prkatičnog dijela ispita na kraju jednog semestra, sa

istom dužinom u toku ispita koji nije bio po Bolonjskom procesu dobija se numerička manja vrijednost,

a to je ujedno i bolji rezultat u sportskom plivanju. Ukupan broj bodova dobije se kada se zbrajaju poeni

u predispitnim obavezama i ostvareni na samom ispitu koji daju maksimalnu numeričku vrijednost 100

sa osvojenim svim bodovima. Predispitne obaveze nose 50 bodova: 5 bodova prisustvo predavanjima, 5

bodova prisustvo vježbanju, 20 bodova na jednom i 20 bodova na drugom kolokvijumu. Na ispitu je maksi-

malan broj bodova koji iznosi 50.

Zaključak

Kada je u pitanju ispit u plivanju veću prolaznost imali su studeni koji su studirali po Bolonjskom procesu,

a ujedno su imali i veću numeričku vrijednost u rezultatskoj uspješnosti u plivanju svih tehnika. Bolonjski

proces omogućio je skupljanje bodova koji su doprinijeli većoj prolaznosti, a znanje će se sticati tokom

cjeloživotnog učenja. Bolonjska deklaracija omogućava brže polaganje ispita iz plivanja, pa tako student

studira kraće i brže dolazi do diplome. Nedostatak Bolonjskog procesa hiperprodukcija kadra, a posebno

zapošljavanje u struci, kada studenti završe.

Ključne riječi; deklaracija, plivanje, ispit, znanje, bodovi, uspjeh

Literatura1. Trivun, M.(2011). Bolonjska deklaracija i efekti na plivanje. Ur: Bjelica, D. Sport Mont, Crnogorska Sportska Aka-

demija, br. 25-27/VIII, Podgorica, 235 – 244.

2. Trivun, M., Kazazović, B., Tošić, J., Grahovac, G. (2013). Efekti nastave plivanja klasičnog, bolonjskog i vanrednog

studija. Međunarodni simpozij Nove tehnologije u sportu, 6 Fourth International Simpozium of New Technolo-

gies In Sports, Šta je ideja? Ideja je nova kombinacija starih elemenata. Fakultet sporta i tjelesnog odgoja Univer-

ziteta u Sarajevu / Olimpijski komitet Bosne i Hercegovine, Zbornik sažetaka, 69-70

47

EFFECTS OF APPLICATION OF THE BOLOGNA PROCESS

ON THE QUALITY OF EXAM IN SWIMMING

Milomir Trivun1, Vladan Marković2

1Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, University of East Sarajevo 2Higher School of Sports and Health Belgrade

Introduction

Th e Bologna declaration, together with its process of studying, improved the average in passing the exams.

Applying Bologna process led to the better results among the students. In addition, students were given the

rights to participate in the survey in order to evaluate the work of teachers, as well as to participate in the

creation and the new selection of the subjects, especially selective ones.

Method

Th e survey was based on the primary collected data sources from the exams, especially in taking practical

and theoretical part of the examination of swimming and their analysis, the results obtained both with the

measures of central tendency (minimum, maximum, mean value) indicated a large dispersion. In addition

to the descriptive analysis, correlation and t-test were used.

Results with discussion

Based on the analysis of the collected data, the source of chronological exams in the school years (since

2010 - 2014), together with the measures of central tendency and mean value, the average pass rate was

obtained. It was not obtained in the mentioned years but only in one examination period (fi rst and second

term), in the case of the subjects Swimming 1 and 2.When we compare the results of success in segments

of practical part of the exam at the end of the semester, with the same length during the exam that was

not based on the Bologna process, we get smaller numerical value, and thus better performance in sports

swimming. Th e total number of points is obtained when we summon the pre-exam points with the points

achieved on the exam, which gives the maximum numerical value of 100 points maximum. Pre-exam obli-

gations are 50 points: 5 points for attendance of lectures, 5 points for attendance of exercises, 20 points for

one and 20 points for the second test. Maximum number of points that can be achieved on the exam is 50.

Conclusion

Concerning the exam “Swimming “, students who studied according to Bologna studies, had the greater

pass rate and they also had a higher numeric value in the performance of the scores in all swimming tech-

niques. Th e Bologna process has enabled the collection of points that led to the better results among the

students, and that will acquire better knowledge in the course of lifelong learning. Th e Bologna Declaration

provides faster passing of swimming exams, making thus the studying period shorter and students gradu-

ate faster. Th e lack of Bologna process of studying causes overproduction of the skilful workers, particu-

larly employment in the profession, when students fi nish the studies.

Key words; declaration, swimming, exam, knowledge, points, success

References1. Trivun, M. (2011). Th e Bologna Declaration and its eff ects on swimming. Ur: Bjelica, D. Sport Mont, Th e sports

academy, no. 25-27 / VIII, Podgorica, 235 - 244th

2. Trivun, M., Kazazović, B., Tosic, J., Grahovac, G. (2013). Eff ects of teaching swimming with classical, bologna and

part-time study. International Symposium on New Technologies in Sports, 6 Fourth International Symposium of

New Technologies in Sports, What’s the idea? Th e idea is new combination of old elements. Faculty of Sport and

Physical Education, University of Sarajevo / Olympic Committee of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Book of Abstracts,

69-70. Herzegovina, Collection of abstracts, 69-70

48

STAVOVI STUDENATA PEDAGOŠKOG FAKULTETA O KORIŠĆENJU

NEDOZVOLJENIH SREDSTAVA I METODA ZARAD POBEDE

Aleksandar Ignjatović, Živorad Marković, Mladen Milovanović

Fakultet pedagoških nauka Univerziteta u Kragujevcu, Jagodina, Srbija

Uvod

Promocija sportskog duha i stvaranje okruženja koje odlučno podržava sport bez prevara je jedan od bit-

nih zadataka pedagoga koji rade neposredno sa decom. Primenom igara u fi zičkom vaspitanju moguće je

efi kasno uticati na razvoj karaktera i vrlina, i poželjno je da se sa krene u najranijem uzrastu. Još je čuveni

pedagog Komenski posebno isticao značaj takmičenja u vaspitanju (Ilić, 2006). On je u svojim delima

(Komensky, 1653) isticao i potrebu da se sa vežbanjem karaktera i vrlina krene u od prvih godina života.

Neuporedivo je teže krenuti sa formiranjem pravilne moralne vrednosti i čvrstog karaktera kod zrelog

sportiste, nego učiniti to kod mladog dečaka ili devojčice koji se tek upoznaje sa svetom sporta svim stvari-

ma koje on donosi (Ignjatović, 2013). U najranijem uzrastu ogroman uticaj na decu ostvaruju njihovi prvi

vaspitači i učitelji pa smo istražili njihove stavove o primeni i korišćenju nedozvoljenih metoda i sredstava

u sportu.

Metod

Studenti upisani na tri različita smera (predškolski vaspitač, domski vaspitač i profesor razredene nastave)

Fakulteta pedagoških nauka (FPN) učestvovali su u popunjavanju upitnika. Svi ispitanici su bili članovi

sportskih ekipa FPN koje su učestvovale na Učiteljijadi održanoj 2014. godine. Ukupno je učestvovao 51

student od kojih je 40 studenata bilo u nekom periodu svog života aktivno uključeno u trenažni proces

duže od jedne godine. Anoniman upitnik je podeljen i popunjen dan pred početak takmičenja. Upitnik

je sadržao 15 pitanja u vezi sa stavovima ispitanika po pitanju dopinga, korišćenja nepoštenih postupaka

zarad pobede i potencijalnim strategijama za prevenciju.


Svi ispitanici su popunili upitnik. Četvrtina istraživanog uzorka su činili bivši aktivni sportisti (redovno su

trenirali i takmičili se duže od godinu dana) koji su primali i fi nansijsku nadoknadu za trening i takmičenje.

Većina ispitanika (68%) nikada nije došla u kontakt sa bilo kakvim zabranjenim doping sredstvima. Svaki

peti ispitanik je bio u prilici da u svom okruženju primeti upotrebu nedozvoljenih sredstava i metoda. Niko

od ispitanika nije nikada koristio nedozvoljene supstance u sportskim aktivnostima. Ipak, više od trećine

ispitanika (35%) je primetilo korišćenje nedozvoljenih postupaka ili sredstava u svojoj okolini. Razlog za

brigu se može pronaći u procentu ispitanika (10%) koji smatraju da je korišćenje nepoštenih postupaka ne

predstavlja problem i da se je to normalna pojava. Ispitanici koji nemaju moralnih problem sa korišćenjem

nedozvoljenih postupaka u sportu čestvuju u timskim sportovima. U pogledu najboljeg perioda za početak

aktivne kampanje i programa prevencije korišćenja nepoštenih sredstava i postupaka večina ispitanika

(90%) navodi period najranijeg detinstva i sam početak aktivnog bavljenja sportskim aktivnostima.

Zaključak

Jasan stav ispitanika da je period najranijeg detinstva najbolji za promociju fer pleya i stvaranje stava protiv

upotrebe svih supstanci i sredstava koje daju nedozvoljenu prednost može se delom povezati sa znanjima

pedagogije i učenjem Komenskog (Komensky, 1653). Iako mali procenat ispitanika ne pridaje preveliki

znacaj poštovanju etičkih normi prilikom takmičenja neophodna je njihova jača edukacija jer su upravo oni

osobe koje će sutra raditi sa najmladjima.

Ključne reči: Fair play, takmičenje, doping, pedeagogija

Literatura 1. Komenski, J.A. 1653. Schola infantie (Materinska Škola). Academia Pragae

2. Ignjatović, A. (2014). Antidoping kroz pedagoški pristup. Poglavlje u knjizi Doping i antidoping ur. D. Radovanović,

& N. Ponorac. Fakultet sporta i fi zičkog vaspitanja: Niš.

ZahvalnostRad je realizovan u okviru projekta br. III 47015: „Efekti primenjene fi zičke aktivnosti na lokomotorni, metabolički, psiho-socijalni

i vaspitni status populacije Republike Srbije“

49

STUDENT ATTITUDES TOWARD THE USE OF FORBIDDEN SUBSTANCES

AND METHODS FOR WINNING

Aleksandar Ignjatović, Živorad Marković, Mladen Milovanović1Faculty of Education, University of Kragujevac, Jagodina, Srbija

Introduction

Th e promotion of fair-play and creating an environment that strongly supports sport without scam is one

of the important tasks of educators working directly with children. Diff erent kind of elementary and sport

games in PE can be eff ective tool for development of character and virtues. It is preferable to start from the

earliest age. Even the famous pedagogue Comenius particularly emphasized the importance of competi-

tion in education (Ilic, 2006 ). He emphasized the need for the character and virtue development in the

fi rst years of life (Comenius, 1653). To start with the formation of proper moral values and strong character

of mature athlete is incomparably more diffi cult compared to young boys or girls who are just getting ac-

quainted with the world of sport and all the things it brings (Ignjatovic, 2013). Th e fi rst children’s educators

and teachers have huge impact on children, so it is important to explore their attitudes toward application

and use of prohibited methods and means in sports.

Method

Students enrolled in three diff erent study programs (kindergarten teachers, Elementary school teachers, and

Home care educators) at Faculty of Teaching University of Jagodina, Serbia participated in the survey. A

total of 51 students selected for the Faculty sport teams from all years and all study programs were invited

to take part in the paper-based questionnaire. Th e anonymous questionnaire was delivered and completed a

day before the competition against other faculties started. Th e questionnaire included questions on student’s

opinion and attitudes toward cheating in sport, use of doping and the best ways for preventions.

Results with discussionAll 51 students fi nished anonymous questionnaire. Twenty fi ve per cent of the students were active profes-sional athletes (they were enrolled with the regular training and competition and received salary). Majority of participants (68%) never noticed the use of any form of banned substances in their environment. Every fi fth (20%) admit that they have knowledge of the banned substances use by their team mates. Th ere were no p articipants that admitted the use of some banned substances in their sport career. However, more than a third of participants admitted that they were present during some kind of cheating during the competi-tion. Most worrying fi nding form the results was that 10% believes that cheating is normal thing and that many other teams participate in this kind of activities so nothing could be done to change it. Th e partici-pants with this kind of opinion were active in team sports: Football (6%), Basketball (2%) and Volleyball (2%). Regarding the period for the start of prevention programs against doping strong majority (90%) stated that early start in childhood is the most eff ective.

Conclusion

Th e clear position of subjects that the period of early childhood is the best for the fair play promotion may

be partially related to the knowledge of pedagogy and learning of Cominius (Comenius, 1653). Although

a small percentage of respondents does not attach too much importance to ethical standards during the

competition their stronger and further education is essential because they are the people who will in the

near future work with the youngest.

Key words: Fair Play, competition, doping, pedagogy

References 1. Илић, С, Мијатовић, С. Историја физичке културе, Београд, 2006.

2. Komenski, J.A. 1653. Schola infantie. Academia Pragae

3. Ignjatović, A. (2014). Anti-doping throught pedagogical aproach. Chapter in the book: Doping & antidoping Ed. D.

Radovanović, & N. Ponorac. Faculty of Sport and Physical Education: Niš.

AcknowledgementsTh is study was conducted under the project “Eff ects of applied physical activity on locomotor, metabolic, psycho-social and edu-

cational status of the population of the Republic of Serbia” III 47015

50

51

SESIJA 2

ISTRAŽIVAČKOMETODOLOŠKI ASPEKTI EFEKATA PRIMENE

FIZIČKIH AKTIVNOSTI U SPORTU

SESSION 2


OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY APPLICATION IN SPORT

52

RAZLIKE U MORFOLOŠKIM KARAKTERISTIKAMA

DOMINANTNEI NEDOMINANTNE STRANE TELA

KOD MLADIH TENISERA

Ensar Abazović1, Erol Kovačević2, Zlatan Kadrić2, Mensur Vrcić2

1Kineziološki fakultet, Univerzitet u Splitu, Split, Hrvatska2Fakultet sporta i fi zičkog vaspitanja, Univerzitet u Sarajevu, Sarajevo, Bosna i Hercegovina

Uvod

Simetrija je koncept koji podrazumeva postojanje ravnoteže i harmonije, a svako odstupanje od toga se

zove asimetrija. Cilj ovog istraživanja je bio da se utvrdi prisustvo i veličina morfoloških karakteristika i

razlika kod dominantne i nedominantne strane tela kod mladih tenisera.

Metode

Uzorak istraživanja je obuhvatio 30 zdravih tenisera, starosti između 11 i 15 godina koji se bave tenisom

najmanje pet godina i nisu imali nikakve teške povrede u poslednje dve godine. Preduzete su 34 antro-

pometrijske mere na dominantnoj i nedominantnoj strani tela prateć i smernice međunarodnog biološkog

programa. T- test zavisnih uzoraka je korišć en za određivanje razlika između dominantne i nedominantne

strane tela.


Statistički značajne razlike (p < 0,05) između dominantne i nedominantne strane tela uočene su u sledeć im

varijablama: dužini ruke (0,84 %), širini šake (3.27 %), prečniku zgloba (2,09 %), prečniku lakta (1,72 %),

nadlaktice u fl eksiji (2,88 %) i ekstenziji (2,47 %) i obimu podlaktice (3.27 %), dok ostale varijable nisu

postigle statistički značajnu razliku. Treba napomenuti da su statistički značajne razlike uočene između

mera gornjih ekstremiteta, ali ne i kod donjih ekstremiteta.

Zaključak

Na osnovu rezultata ovog istraživanja može se zaključiti da dugoročno treniranje tenisa i takmičenja utiču

na neke morfološke razlike između dominantne i nedominantne strane tela kod mladih tenisera.

Literatura1. Brosseau, O., Hautier, C., Rogowski, I. (2006). A Field Study To Evaluate Side-To-Side Diff erences In Th e Upper

Limbs Of Young Tennis Players. Medicine and Science in Tennis. 11(1):18-19

2. Rogowski, I., Ducher, G., Brosseau, O., Hautier, C. (2008). Asymmetry in Volume Between Dominant and Non-

dominant Upper Limbs in Young Tennis Players. Pediatric Exercise Science. 20:263-272

53

DIFFERENCES IN MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE

DOMINANT AND NONDOMINANT SIDE OF THE BODY

IN YOUNG TENNIS PLAYERS

Ensar Abazović1, Erol Kovačević2, Zlatan Kadrić2, Mensur Vrcić2

1Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Split, Split, Croatia2Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina

Introduction

Symmetry is a concept that implies the existence of balance and harmony, and every deviation from it is

called asymmetry. Th e aim of this research was to determine the presence and size of morphological char-

acteristics and diff erences at the dominant and non-dominant side of the body in young tennis players.

Method

Th e research sample included 30 healthy tennis players, aged between 11 and 15 who are involved in ten-

nis at least fi ve years and had no severe injuries in the past two years. 34 anthropometric measures were

taken from dominant and non-dominant side of the body by following the international biological program

guidelines. Dependent samples t-test was used to determine the diff erences between dominant and non-

dominant side of the body.


Statistically signifi cant diff erences (p<0,05) between dominant and non-dominant side of the body was

observed in following variables: arm length (0.84%), hand width (3.27%), wrist diameter (2.09%), elbow

diameter (1.72 %), the upper arm in fl exion (2.88%) and extension (2.47%) and the volume of the forearm

(3.27%), while the other variables did not achieve a statistically signifi cant diff erence. It should be noted

that statistically signifi cant diff erences were observed between the measures of upper extremities, but not

in lower extremities.

Conclusion

Based on the results of this study it can be concluded that long-term tennis training and competitions

aff ect some morphological diff erences between dominant and non-dominant side of the body in young

tennis players.

References1. Brosseau, O., Hautier, C., Rogowski, I. (2006). A Field Study To Evaluate Side-To-Side Diff erences In Th e Upper

Limbs Of Young Tennis Players. Medicine and Science in Tennis. 11(1):18-19

2. Rogowski, I., Ducher, G., Brosseau, O., Hautier, C. (2008). Asymmetry in Volume Between Dominant and Non-

dominant Upper Limbs in Young Tennis Players. Pediatric Exercise Science. 20:263-272

54

ODNOS IZMEĐU ANTROPOMETRIJSKIH PARAMETARA

I PERFORMANSI SPRINTA

Metin Can Kalayci1, Ferhat Güleroğlu1, Hüseyin Eroğlu2

1Univerzitet Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam, Institut za zdravstvene nauke,

Kahramanmaraş, Turska2 Univerzitet Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam, Škola sporta i fi zičkog vaspitanja,

Kahramanmaraş, Turska

Uvod

Ova studija ima za cilj utvrđivanje odnosa između antropometrijskih parametara i performanse sprinta.

Stoga je izabrano 118 dobrovoljaca studenata univerziteta sedentarnog načina života, starosti 21.2 ± 2.1 ,

sa telesnom težinom 62.2 ± 10.7 kg i visinom168.2 ± 8.1 cm.

Metod

Meren je učinak sprinta na 30 m obim (ramena, grudi, struk, trup, kuk, butina, koleno, skočni zglob i list) i

(visina, hvat, nadlaktica, podlaktica, cele ruke, trup, butina, noga i cele noge). Statistička analiza je naprav-

ljena u SPSS 22.0 programskom paketu za Windows operativni sistem. Aritmetička sredina, standardna

devijacija, najniže i najviše vrednosti pronađene su u ovim programima. Odnos između antropometrijskih

parametara i učinka sprinta je testiran putem Pirsonove korelacije.


Prema podacima, postojala je značajna veza između vrednosti sprinta radne grupe i telesne težine, obima

ramena, obima grudi, obima trupa, obima struka (p < 0,01), obima nogu (p < 0,05). Takođe , postojala je

značajna veza između vrednosti sprinta radne grupe i visine, dužine hvata, dužine podlaktice, dužine cele

ruke, dužine trupa, dužine noge (p < 0,01), dužine butine (p < 0,05).

Zaključak

Može se reći da se vrednosti sprinta uvećavaju ukoliko rastu vrednosti obima i dužine.

Ključne reči: antropometrijski parametri, sprint i sedentarni način života.

55

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ANTHROPOMETRIC PARAMETERS

AND SPRINT PERFORMANCE

Metin Can Kalayci1, Ferhat Güleroğlu1, Hüseyin Eroğlu2

1Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University, Institute of Health Sciences,

Kahramanmaraş, Turkey2 Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University, School of Physical Education and Sport,

Kahramanmaraş, Turkey

Introduction

Th is study was aimed to determine the relationship between anthropometric parameters and sprint per-

formance. Th erefore, 118 voluntary sedantary university students were chosen 21.2 ± 2.1, 62.2 ± 10.7 kg,

168.2 ± 8.1 cm, age, body weight and height, respectively.

Method

30 m of sprint performance with stature (shoulder, chest, trunk, waist, hip, thigh, knee, calf and ankle) and

(height, fathoms, upper arm, fore arm, all arms, trunk, thigh, leg and all leg) girths were measured. Statisti-

cal analysis was made in SPSS 22.0 packed programmes for Windows. Th e arithmetic means, standard de-

viation, lowest and highest values were found in these programmes. Relationship between anthropometric

parameters and sprint performance was tested by Pearson’s correlation.


According to the data, there was signifi cant relationship between sprint values of workgroup and body

weight, shoulder girths, chest girths, trunk girths, waist girths (p<0.01), leg girths (p<0.05). Also,there was

signifi cant relationship between sprint values of workgroup and height, fathoms length, fore arm length,

all arm length, trunk length, leg length (p<0.01), thigh length (p<0.05).

Conclusion

It can be said that sprint values increase, if girths and length values increase as well.

Key Words: Anthropometric Parameters, Sprint and Sedentary.

56

ODNOSI ANTROPOMETRIJSKIH KARAKTERISTIKA

I MOTORIČKIH SPOSOBNOSTI IZMEĐU ODBOJKAŠICA

I NETRENIRANIH DEVOJČICA UZRASTA 16 GODINA

Ana Opačić1, Nikola Majstorović1, Vladimir Grbić1, Zoran Savić2, Goran Nešić1

1 Fakultet sporta i fi zičkog vaspitanja Univerziteta u Beogradu, Srbija2 Fakultet za sport i fi zičko vaspitanje Univerziteta u Prištini, Srbija

Uvod

S obzirom da se tokom rasta i razvoja relacije antropometrijskih karakteristika i motoričkih sposobnosti

menjaju, neophodno ih je pratiti u različitim uzrasnim dobima, ali i sa različitim kategorijama ispitanika.

Cilj istraživanja je bio da se utvrde antropometrijske karakteristike i motoričke sposobnosti odbojkašica

i netreniranih devojčica uzrasta 16 godina i da se utvrdi da li između njih postoji statistički značajna ra-

zlika. Na osnovu cilja istraživanja postavljene su dve hipoteze (H1 – postoji razlika u antropometrijskim

karakteristikama između odbojkašica i netreniranih devojčica uzrasta 16 godina i H2 – postoji razlika u

varijablama koje objašnjavaju motorički prostor između odbojkašica i netreniranih devojčica uzrasta 16

godina).

Metod

Metod istraživanja je transverzalnog tipa, a u istraživanju je imao i kvalitativni i kvantitativni pristup.

Naime, kvalitativni pristup podrazumeva deskripciju i komparaciju, a kvantitativni – testiranje i metodu

merenja. Uzorak ispitanika je sačinjavalo 64 devojčice, podeljenih u dva subuzorka (32 odbojkašice i 32

netrenirane devojčice). Uzorak varijabli je podeljen u dve grupe: varijable za merenje antropometrijskih

karakteristika i varijable za procenu motoričkih sposobnosti. Testiranja su obavljana po standardnim pro-

cedurama. Podaci su obrađeni deskriptivnom statistikom, dok je kao postupak za izračunavanje značajnih

razlika između prosečnih vrednosti antropometrijskih karakteristika i motoričkih sposobnosti dveju neza-

visnih grupa ispitanica, korišćen t – test.


Dobijeni rezultati ukazuju da postoji statistički značajna razlika u korist odbojkašica u svim varijablama,

što nesumnjivo pokazuje da bavljenje odbojkom doprinosi i utiče na pozitivan razvoj antropometrijski

karakteristika i motoričkih sposobnosti.

Zaključak

Razlike u merama motoričkog prostora se, mogu objasniti time što odbojkašice svakodnevno treniraju i

time utiču na razvoj motoričkih sposobnosti, dok se razlike u antropometrijskim karakteristikama mogu

objasniti samo selekcijom odbojkašica.

Ključne reči - antropometrijske karakteristike, motoričke sposobnosti, odbojkašice, netrenirane devojčice.

Literatura 1. Nešić, P.G. (2002). Osnovi antropomotorike. Standard 2. Beograd: Sportska akademija.

2. Zatsiorsky, V.M., Kraemer W.J. (2006). Science and practice of strength training (Sec. Ed.). Champaign, IL: Human

Kinetics.

NapomenaRad je deo Projekta „Efekti primenjene fi zičke aktivnosti na lokomotorni, metabolički, psiho-socijalni i vaspitni status populacije

Republike Srbije” pod brojem III47015, a kao deo potprojekta “Efekti primenjene fi zičke aktivnosti na lokomotorni, metabolički,

psiho-socijalni i vaspitni status populacije sportista R. Srbije” koji se fi nansira od strane Ministarstvo prosvete, nauke i tehnoloskog

razvoja. R. Srbije – Ciklus naučnih projekata 2011-2014.

57

DIFFERENCES IN ANTHROPOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS

AND MOTOR ABILITIES BETWEEN FEMALE VOLLEYBALL PLAYERS

AND UNTRAINED 16YEAROLD GIRLS

Ana Opačić1, Nikola Majstorović1, Vladimir Grbić1, Zoran Savić2, Goran Nešić1

1 Fakultet sporta i fi zičkog vaspitanja Univerziteta u Beogradu, Srbija2 Fakultet za sport i fi zičko vaspitanje Univerziteta u Prištini, Srbija

Introduction

Considering that, during the growth and development, relations between anthropometric characteristics

and motor abilities change, need to be monitored at diff erent age and with diff erent categories of respon-

dents. Th e aim of this study was to determine the anthropometric characteristics and motor abilities of

volleyball players and untrained 16-year-old girls and to determine whether there was a statistically sig-

nifi cant diff erence among them. Based on the aim of the study two hypotheses were set (H1 - Th ere is no

diff erence in anthropometric characteristics between the volleyball players and untrained girls ages 16 and

H2 - there is a diff erence in the variables that explain the motor space between the volleyball players and

untrained girls 16 years old).

Method

Research method is of transversal type, and research has a qualitative and quantitative approach. Th e

qualitative approach involves description and comparison, a quantitative - test and measurement method.

Th e sample consisted of 64 girls, divided into two sub-samples (32 female volleyball players and 32 un-

trained girls). Th e sample of variables is divided into two groups: variables measuring anthropometric

characteristics and variables for assessing motor abilities. Th e tests were performed according to standard

procedures. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, while the t – test was used as a procedure to

calculate the diff erences signifi cance between the mean values of the anthropometric characteristics and

motor abilities of two independent groups of respondents.


Th e results indicate that there is a statistically signifi cant diff erence in favor of female volleyball players in

all variables, which undoubtedly proves that volleyball has positive impact, and contributes to the develop-

ment of anthropometric characteristics and motor abilities.

Conclusion

Diff erences in measures of motor area can be explained with the fact that female volleyball players practice

every day and thus infl uence the development of motor skills, while diff erences in anthropometric charac-

teristics can be explained by the selection of volleyball players.

Keywords: anthropometric characteristics, motor abilities, female volleyball, untrained girls

References

Nešić, P.G. (2002). Osnovi antropomotorike. Standard 2. Beograd: Sportska akademija.

Zatsiorsky, V.M., Kraemer W.J. (2006). Science and practice of strength training (Sec. Ed.).

Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.

Note Th e paper is part of the project “Eff ects of applied physical activity on locomotion, metabolic, psycho-social and educational status

of the Republic of Serbia population” number III47015, as part of the sub-project “Eff ects of applied physical activity on locomo-

tion, metabolic, psycho-social and educational status of the Republic of Serbia population of athletes”, funded by the Ministry of

Education, Science and technological Development. Republic of Serbia - Th e cycle of research projects from 2011 to 2014.

58

NASTAVA GRČKOG TRADITIONAL PLESA

KROZ PRISTUP UNAKRSNOG NASTAVNIOG PLANA I PROGRAMA

Evdokia Samouilidou

Savetnik za fi zičku kulturu u oblasti severnog Egejskog mora, Grčka

Uvod

Tradicionalna igra je fenomen izražavanja i kreativnosti koja ima svoje korene u zapisima, načinu života,

manirima i običajima, kao i istoriji čoveka tokom njegovog života i ima odnos sa društvom, prirodom i

kulturom. Ciljevi i zadaci unutar interdisciplinarnog konteksta obrazovanja se sastaju u pokušaju iniciranja

učenika da učestvuju u folklornoj tradiciji i razumevanju uloge plesa u društvu i u životima ljudi. Studenti

imaju priliku da se izraze kroz ples pojedinačno i u grupama. U nastojanju ka interdisciplinarnom pristupu

plesu studenti u školi imaju priliku da se kroz nastavn plan i program usavršavaju u pitanjima koja se od-

nose na našu tradicionalnu kulturu, plesove, tradicionalne nošnje, muziku, pesme, tradicionalne muzičke

instrumente, tradiciju i običaje. U ovoj studiji su učestvovali studenti srednje škole u Grčkoj.

Metoda

U ovoj studiji osnovni zahtevi koje primenjujemo su razvoj raznih nastavnih metoda i kombinacije ovih

metoda. Metoda muzike, ukupna, delimična metoda, mimetička, metoda motornih obrazaca i način plesa

kroz unakrsne teme nastavnog plana i programa.

Rezultat

Rezultati se odnose na nastavu grčkog plesa kroz pristup unakrsnog nastavniog plana i programa za

devojčice i za dečake i na faktore za učešće u unakrsnom nastavnom planu i programu

Rezultati za srednjoškolce ukazuju na isti nivo ličnog zadovoljstva za dečake i devojčice, malo viši nivo u

kategoriji ritam/veština kod dečaka nego kod devojčica, isti nivo fi zičke kondicije kod dečaka i devojčica i

malo bolja socijalizacija kod dečaka nego kod devojčica.

Zaključak

Program nastave grčkog tradicionalnog plesa kroz pristup unakrsnog nastavnog plana i programa imao je

pozitivan uticaj na poglede učenika i njihovu percepciju o plesnim aktivnostima i tradicionalnom plesu.

Studenti koje je naveo nastavnik učestvuju sa ličnim zadovoljstvom, zbog iskustva, i bolje savladavaju nas-

tavu grčkog tradicionalnog plesa kroz pristup unakrsnog nastavnog plana i programa.

Ključne reči: tradicionalni ples, obrazovanje, srednja škola

Literatura1. Beane, J. (1997) Integracija nastavnog plana i programa. Dizajniranje srži demokratskog obrazovanja (Curriculum

Integration .Designing the Core of Democratic Education). New York: Teacher College Press

2. Raftis, A (2003) Ples u obrazovanju IOFA Grčki deo internacionalnog plesnog saveta – CID (Dance in Education

IOFA Greek Section International Dance Council- CID), Opština Naos i prefektura Kikladi.

59

THE TEACHING OF GREEK TRADITIONAL DANCING

THROUGH CROSS CURRICULA APPROACH

Evdokia Samouilidou

Advisor of Physical Education at the area of Νorthern Aegean Sea, Greece

Introduction

Th e traditional dance is a phenomenon of expression and creativity which has its roots in records, way of

life, manners and customs, and the history of man throughout his life and has a relationship with society,

nature and culture. Th e aims and objectives within an interdisciplinary context education, meet in an at-

tempt initiation of students in folk dance tradition and understanding of the role of dance in society and

in people’s lives. Students have the opportunity to express themselves through dance individually and

in groups. In an eff ort interdisciplinary approach to dance students at the School have the opportunity

through the Curriculum to be trained in matters relating to our traditional culture, dances, traditional

costumes, music, songs, traditional musical instruments, traditions and customs. In this study participate

students of high school in Greece.

Method

In this study basic requirements we apply are the development and of various teaching methods and com-

binations of these methods. Th e music- method, the total, the partial method, the mimetic, the method of

motor patterns and method dancing through crosses Curricula themes.

Results

Result of application of Teaching of Greek dancing through cross curricula approach for the girls and for

boys, refer to the factors of participation in the program of Traditional Dancing cross-curricula

Th is results for students High school indicate the same level of personal pleasure for boys and girls, a little

better level of rhythm/skills for boys than girls, the same level of physical condition for boys and girls and

a little better socialization for boys than girls.

Conclusion

Th e program of the Teaching of Greek Traditional Dancing through Cross Curricula Approach, positively

aff ect students’ views and their perception of dancing activities and traditional dancing. Students prompt-

ed by teachers, participate with personal pleasure, for experience, and for better teaching Greek traditional

dancing through crosses curricula approach.

Key words: traditional dance, education, high school

References1. Beane, J. (1997) Curriculum Integration .Designing the Core of Democratic Education .New York: Teacher Col-

lege Press

2. Raftis, A (2003) Dance in Education IOFA Greek Section International Dance Council- CID, Municipality of

Naxos & Prefecture of Cyclades.

60

ODNOS IZMEĐU ISKUSTVA STEČENOG U TRENIRANJU HIP HOPA

I PERFORMANSE U HAUS DENSU

KOD OMLADINSKIH I SENIORSKIH PLESAČA TAKMIČARA

Vedrana Grčić¹, Biljana Kuzmanić²

Univerzitet u Splitu, Kineziološki fakultet, Hrvatska

Uvod

Ulični ples podrazumeva širok spektar znanja u tehnički zahtevnim strukturama, kao i automatizaciju

osnovnih koraka svih plesnih tehnika pod terminom ulični ples. Osnovni problem ovog istraživanja je bio

da se utvrdi kako treniranje hip hopa može uticati na visok nivo performansi u haus densu, kao i njegov

uticaj na učenje struktura haus densa u različitim takmičarskim starosnim grupama. Drugi cilj je bio izrada

testova za procenu nivoa performanse u haus densu.

Metod

U ovoj studiji je učestvovalo 46 plesačica. Sačinjena su tri testa od kojih je svaki podeljen u sedam frag-

menata. Troje sudija je ocenjivalo svaki fragment ocenama od 0 do 2. Za analizu podataka korišćeni su

deskriptivna statistika, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Kronbah alfa koefi cijent, faktorska analiza, T - test i

Pirsonov koefi cijent korelacije.

Rezultati

Prema rezultatima, dva testa su imala zadovoljavajuć e metrijske karakteristike, dok se za jedan test sma-

tra da je nepouzdan za ocenu nivoa performansi. Značajna razlika je pronađena u nivou znanja između

juniora i seniora. Korelacija između plesnih tehnika i iskustva treniranja je bila značajna kod juniora. Kod

seniora značajna korelacija je pronađena samo u jednoj varijabli.

Zaključak

Neki od rezultata se nisu pokazali onako kako smo očekivali (Pločnik). Stoga je važno da se razvije, načini i

primeni više eksperimenata koji će proceniti nivo motoričkog znanja i njegovu efi kasnost što objektivnije.

Ključne reči: ulični ples, metrijske karakteristike

Literatura1. Bozanic, A. & Miletic, D. (2011). Diff erences between the sexes in technical mastery of rhythmic gymnastics.

Journal of Sports Sciences, 29(4), 337-343.

2. Edwards William H. (2010). Motor Learning and Control, From Th eory to Practice 1e. Wadsworth, Cengage

Learning, Inc.

61

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HIP HOP TRAINING EXPERIENCE

AND HOUSE DANCE PERFORMANCE

IN JUNIOR AND SENIOR COMPETITIVE DANCERS

Vedrana Grčić¹, Biljana Kuzmanić²

University of Split, Faculty of Kinesiology, Croatia

Introduction

Street dance implies a wide spectre of knowledge in technically demanding structures and automation of

basic steps of all dance techniques under the term street dance. Th e basic problem of this research was to

determine how training Hip Hop can aff ect the high level of performance in House dance, as well as its

impact on learning House dance structures in diff erent competitive age groups. Th e other goal was the

construction of tests for evaluating the level of House dance performance.

Method

46 female dancers participated in the study. Th ree test were constructed and divided into seven fragments

each. Th ree judges evaluated each fragment with scores from 0 to 2. Descriptive statistics, Kolmogorov-

Smirnov test, Cronbach’s alpha, Factorial analysis, T-test and Pearson’s correlation were used for the data

analysis.

Results

According to the results, two tests had satisfactory metric characteristics, while one test was found to

be unreliable for evaluating the level of performance. Th e signifi cant diff erence was found in the level of

knowledge between juniors and seniors. Th e correlation between dance techniques and training experi-

ence was signifi cant in juniors. In seniors a signifi cant correlation was found only in one variable.

Conclusion

Some of the results did not turn out as we expected (Sidewalk). Th erefore it is important to develop, cre-

ate and apply more experiments which will evaluate the level of motor knowledge and its effi ciency more

objectively.

Key words: street dance, metric characteristics

Literature1. Bozanic, A. & Miletic, D. (2011). Diff erences between the sexes in technical mastery of rhythmic gymnastics.

Journal of Sports Sciences, 29(4), 337-343.

2. Edwards William H. (2010). Motor Learning and Control, From Th eory to Practice 1e. Wadsworth, Cengage

Learning, Inc.

62

63

SESIJA 3

INTERDISCIPLINARNI PRISTUP

U ISTRAŽIVANJU EFEKATA PRIMENE FIZIČKIH AKTIVNOSTI

SESSION 3

INTERDISCIPLINARY APPROACH IN RESEARCH

THE EFFECTS OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY APPLICATION

64

MEDITATIVNI UTICAJI VIDA NA INSTRUKCIJE

ZA FOKUSIRANJE PAŽNJE

U PERFORMANSI MOTORIKE KOJA NIJE USMERENA KA CILJU

Reza Abdollahipour, Rudolf Psotta, Miriam Palomo Nieto

Odsek prirodnih nauka, Fakultet za fi zičku kulturu,

Palacky Univerzitet u Olomoucu, Republika Češka

Uvod

Već ina prethodnih studija je ispitivala uticaje instrukcija za fokusiranje pažnje na motoričke performanse

ili učenje sa korišć enjem motorike usmerene ka cilju (Vulf, 2013). Cilj ovog rada bio je da se utvrdi efi kas-

nost instrukcija za fokusiranje pažnje na motoričkim performansama u motoričkom zadatku neusmere-

nom ka cilju u uslovima otvorenih očiju (OE) i zatvorenih očiju (CE).

Metod

Od učesnika (br = 24, starost = 25.0 ± 3.3 godina) je traženo da izvedu vertikalni skok i otvorenih i za-

tvorenih očiju unutar Optojump-Next instrumenta postavljenog u prostoriji koja ima tavanicu visine 4

metra, u trima uslovima: unutrašnjeg fokusa (IF), odnosno, da se koncentrišu na prste, popnu se na prste i

skoče što je moguć e više, spoljašnjeg fokusa (EF), odnosno, da se koncentrišu na dohvat ruke i dodirivanje

tavanice i skoče što je više moguć e, i kontrolnog uslova (Cont), odnosno, da se koncentrišu da skoče što je

moguć e više. Ove instrukcije se daju prema uravnoteženom dizajnu za svakog ispitanika. Podaci su anal-

izirani u 2 (OE naspram CE) x 3 (IF, EF & Cont) x 3 (probne) analize varijanse (ANOVAs) sa ponovljenim

merama na svim faktorima (alfa = .05).


Rezultati ukazuju na to da je spoljašnji fokus najefi kasnija instrukcija u izvođenju skoka u vis u poređenju

sa druga dva uslova koji se međusobno ne razlikuju. Takođe, učesnici u uslovima OE (otvorenih očiju)

skočili su više od onih u uslovima CE (zatvorenih očiju) nezavisno od instrukcija za fokusiranje pažnje.

Zaključak

U skladu sa “hipotezom o ograničenoj akciji” (Vulf , McNevin, i Shea, (2001), rezultati ovog istraživanja su

pokazali da je spoljašni fokus korisniji od unutrašnjih instrukcija za fokusiranje pažnje kod motorike koja

nije usmerena ka cilju i koja je nezavisna od vizuelnih informacija.

Ključne reči: Spoljašnji fokus, unutrašnji fokus, motoričko učenje, vid, skok

Literatura1. Wulf, G. (2013). Attentional focus and motor learning: A review of 15 years. International Review of Sport and

Exercise Psychology, 6, 77-104.

2. Wulf, G., McNevin, N., & Shea, C. H. (2001). Th e automaticity of complex motor skill learning as a function of

attentional focus. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A: Human Experimental Psychology, 54,

1143-1154.

Zahvalnost: Ova studija je podržana od strane Interne Fondacije za nauku Univerziteta Palacky u Olomoucu prema grantu

[IGA_FTK_2014006]; i od strane Strukturnih fondova EU prema grantu [CZ.1.07/2.3.00/30.0041].

65

MEDITATIVE EFFECTS OF VISION

ON ATTENTIONAL FOCUS INSTRUCTIONS

IN PERFORMANCE OF A NONGOAL DIRECTED MOTOR SKILL


Department of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Physical Culture,

Palacky University in Olomouc, Czech Republic

Introduction

Most of previous studies have examined the eff ects of attentional focus instructions on motor performance

or learning with using goal directed motor skills (Wulf, 2013). Th e purpose of the current study was to

determine the eff ectiveness of the attentional focus instructions on the motor performance in a non-goal

directed motor task under open-eye (OE) and closed-eye (CE) conditions.

Methods

Participants (n = 24, age = 25.0 ± 3.3 years) were asked to perform a vertical jump in both OE and CE con-

ditions inside the Optojump-Next instrument installed in a room having a ceiling of 4 meters, under three

conditions: internal focus (IF), i.e., concentrate on the fi ngers, bring them up and jump as high as possible,

external focus (EF), i.e., concentrate on reach and touch the ceiling and jump as high as possible, and con-

trol condition (Cont), i.e., concentrate on jumping as high as possible. Th ese instructions were given in a

counter balanced within-subject design. Data were analyzed in 2 (OE vs. CE) x 3 (IF, EF & Cont) x 3 (trial)

analysis of variance (ANOVAs) with repeated-measures on all factors (alpha = .05).


Results indicated that the external focus was the most eff ective instruction in jump-height performance

comparing to the other two focus conditions, which were not diff er from each other. Also, participants in

OE condition jumped higher than CE condition independent of attentional focus instructions.

Conclusion

In the line with “constrained action hypothesis” (Wulf, McNevin, and Shea, (2001), the fi ndings of the

current study demonstrated that the external focus was more benefi cial than internal attentional focus

instructions in a non-goal directed motor skill and independent of visual information.

Key words: External focus, internal focus, motor learning, vision, jump

ReferencesWulf, G. (2013). Attentional focus and motor learning: A review of 15 years. International Review of Sport and Exer-

cise Psychology, 6, 77-104.

Wulf, G., McNevin, N., & Shea, C. H. (2001). Th e automaticity of complex motor skill learning as a function of at-

tentional focus. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A: Human Experimental Psychology, 54,

1143-1154.

Acknowledgement: Th is study was supported by the Internal Science Foundation of the Palacky University in Olomouc under

grant [IGA_FTK_2014006]; and the EU Structural Funds under grant [CZ.1.07/2.3.00/30.0041].

66

ODNOS IZMEĐU ANTROPOMETRIJSKIH PARAMETARA I UČINKA BRZINE

KINANTROPOMETRIJSKO ISTRAŽIVANJE

Hüseyin Eroğlu

Univerzitet Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Univerzitet

Uvod

Cilj ove studije je bio da se odredi odnos između antropometrijskih parametara i učinka brzine. Sa tim

ciljem, u ovoj studiji je dobrovoljno učestvovalo 118 studenata univerziteta sedentarnog načina života sta-

rosti 21.2 ± 2.1 godinu, sa telesnom težinom 62.2 ± 10.7 kg i visinom 168.2 ± 8.1 cm.

Metod

Meren je učinak brzine na 30 m sa obimom (ramena, grudi, trup, struk, kuk, butina, koleno, list i skočni

zglob) i (visina, hvat, nadlaktica, podlaktica, cela ruka, trup, butina, noga i cela noga). Statistička analiza

je napravljena u SPSS 22.0 programskom paketu za Windows operativni sistem. Pronađeni su aritmetička

sredina, standardna devijacija, najniže i najviše vrednosti podataka merenja. Odnos između antropometri-

jskih parametara i učinka brzine je testiran putem Pirsonove korelacije.

Rezultati

Prema podacima merenja, postojala je značajna veza između vrednosti brzine radne grupe i telesne težine,

obima ramena, obima grudi, obima trupa, obima struka (p < 0.01), obima nogu (p < 0,05) , a postojala je i

značajna veza između vrednosti brzine radne grupe i visine, dužine hvata, dužine podlaktice, dužine cele

ruke, dužine trupa, dužine nogu (p < 0,01), dužine butine (p < 0,05).

Zaključak

Može se reći da su vrednosti brzine u porastu, ukoliko se uvećavaju vrednosti obima i dužine.

Ključne reči: Antropometrijski parametri, brzina i sedentarni način života, kinantropometrija.

67

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ANTHROPOMETRIC PARAMETERS

AND SPEED PERFORMANCE A KINANTHROPOMETRIC RESEARCH

Hüseyin Eroğlu

University Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversity

Introduction

Th e purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between anthropometric parameters and

speed performance. For this purpose, 118 sedentary university students aged 21.2 ± 2.1, body weight 62.2

± 10.7 kg and height 168.2 ± 8.1 cm participated in this study voluntarly.

Method

30 m speed performance with stature (shoulder, chest, trunk, waist, hip, thigh, knee, calf and ankle) and

(height, fathoms, upper arm, fore arm, all arms, trunk, thigh, leg and all leg) girths was measured. Statisti-

cal analysis was made in SPSS 22.0 packed programmes for Windows. Arithmetic means, standard devia-

tion, lowest and highest values of the measured data were found. Relationship between anthropometric

parameters and speed performance was tested by Pearson’s Correlation.

Results

According to the data of measurement, there was signifi cant relationship between speed values of work-

group and body weight, shoulder girths, chest girths, trunk girths, waist girths (p<0.01), leg girths (p<0.05)

and there was signifi cant relationship between speed values of workgroup and height, fathoms length, fore

arm length, all arm length, trunk length, leg length (p<0.01), thigh length (p<0.05).

Conclusion

It can be said that there is an increase in speed values, if girths and length values increase.

Key words: Anthropometric Parameters, Speed and Sedentary, Kinanthropometry.

68

RAZLIKE U MOTORIČKIM SPOSOBNOSTIMA DECE

U ZAVISNOSTI OD UZRASTA

Miroslav Polimac, Jelena Obradović, Mila Vukadinović, Marijana Simić, Jovan Vuković1

1Fakultet sporta i fi zičkog vaspitanja Novi Sad, Srbija

Uvod

Na osnovu dosadašnjh istraživanja u kojima je ustanovljena razlika u motoričkim sposobnostima dece

u zavisnosti od uzrasta, defi nisan je problem rada, koji predstavlja motoričke sposobnosti dece koja

pohađaju Sportsku Školicu „Kinesis“ u Novom Sadu. Pretpostavljalo se da postoji statistički značajna raz-

lika u motoričkim sposobnostima dece u zavisnosti od uzrasta.

Metod

Istraživanje je sprovedeno na uzorku od 48 dece (33 dečaka i 15 devojčica) članova Sportske školice “Kine-

sis” u Novom Sadu, uzrasta 4 i 6 godina (± 6 meseci). Školicu su pohađali pet puta nedeljno u trajanju od

sat vremena.

Za procenu motoričkih sposobnosti korišćeni su sledeći testovi:

• Trčanje 20 metara;

• Poligon natraške;

• Pretklon u sedu raznožno;

• Skok udalj iz mesta;

• Izdržaj u zgibu;

• Podizanje trupa za 60 sekundi.

Za svaku motoričku varijablu i za svaku uzrasnu grupu, od osnovnih centralnih i disperzionih statistika

izračunati su aritmetička sredina (AS) i standardna devijacija (SD). Postupkom multivarijatne višefaktorske

analize varijanse (MANOVA) testirane su statistički značajne razlike celokupnog sistema motoričkih vari-

jabli dece različitog uzrasta. Nakon toga, izvršena je univarijatna višefaktorska analiza varijanse (ANOVA)

sa ciljem da se utvrde razlike u svakoj pojedinačnoj motoričkoj varijabli.


Primenom postupka univarijatne višefaktorske analize varijanse (ANOVA) uočava se da postoje statistički

značajne razlike između dece u manifestaciji motoričkih sposobnosti. Kada se uzme u obzir faktor uzrast

može se primetiti da je statistički značajna razlika postojala u varijablama: Trčanje 20 metara, Poligon

natraške i Skok udalj iz mesta, starija uzrasna grupa bila je bolja u sve tri varijable. Slične rezultate dobili su

Bala, Popović, & Sabo, (2006) i Temple et al., (2014).

Zaključak

Rezultati ovog istraživanja ukazuju da postoji statistički značajna razlika u motoričkim sposobnostima

između dece u zavisnosti od uzrasta.

Ključne reči: predškolski uzrast, motoričke sposobnosti, školica sporta

Literatura1. Temple, A., Crane, R., Brown, A., Williams, L., & Bell, I. (2014). Recreational activities and motor skills of children

in kindergarten. Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy, 1-13.

2. Bala, G., Popović, B. i Sabo, E. (2006). Istraživanja na predškolskoj deci u Novom Sadu. U: G. Bala (Ur.): Fizička

aktivnost devojčica i dečaka predškolskog uzrasta (str. 75-101). Novi Sad: Fakultet fi zičke kulture.

69

DIFFERENCES IN MOTOR SKILLS OF CHILDREN

DEPENDING ON THEIR AGE

Miroslav Polimac, Jelena Obradovic, Mila Vukadinovic, Marijana Simic, Jovan Vukovic

Faculty of Sports and Physical Education, Novi Sad, Serbia

Introduction

Based on previous studies that established diff erences in motor abilities of children depending on their age,

the research problem was defi ned, and it represents the motor skills of children who attend Sports School

“Kinesis” in Novi Sad. It was assumed that there is statistically signifi cant diff erence in motor abilities of

children depending on their age.

Method

Th e study was conducted on a sample of 48 children (33 boys and 15 girls) who attended Sports School

“Kinesis” in Novi Sad, aged 4 and 6 years (± 6 months). Th ey attended Sports School fi ve times a week for

an hour.

Th e following tests were used for assessment of motor skills:

• 20 meters dash;

• Obstacle course backwards;

• Seated straddle stretch;

• Standing broad jump;

• Bent-arm hang;

• Trunk lifting for 60 seconds.

For each motor variable and for each age group, arithmetic mean (AM) and standard deviation (SD) were

calculated regarding basic central and dispersion statistics. Using the multivariate multi-factor analysis of

variance (MANOVA) statistically signifi cant diff erences of the overall system of motor variables in chil-

dren of diff erent ages were tested. After that, univariate multi-factor analysis of variance (ANOVA) was

performed to determine diff erences in each individual the motor variables.


Procedure of univariate multi-factor analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that there are statistically sig-

nifi cant diff erences between children in the manifestation of motor skills. When we take into account the

factor of age it may be noted that a statistically signifi cant diff erence existed in the variables: 20 dash me-

ters, polygon backwards and standing long jump, where the older age group performed better in all three

variables. Similar results were obtained by Bala, Popovic, & Szabo, 2006; Temple et al., 2014.

Conclusion

Results of this study indicate that there are statistically signifi cant diff erences in motor skills between chil-

dren depending on their age.

Key words: Preschool age, Motor skills, Sports School

References1. Temple, A., Crane, R., Brown, A., Williams, L., & Bell, I. (2014). Recreational activities and motor skills of children

in kindergarten. Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy, 1-13.

2. Bala, G., Popović, B. i Sabo, E. (2006). Istraživanja na predškolskoj deci u Novom Sadu. U: G. Bala (Ur.): Fizička

aktivnost devojčica i dečaka predškolskog uzrasta (str. 75-101). Novi Sad: Fakultet fi zičke kulture.

70

OPTIMALNA VISINA ZA ISPOLJAVANJE MAKSIMALNE SNAGE MIŠIĆA

KOD SKOKA IZ SASKOKA: UTICAJ MAKSIMALNE JAČINE

Milan Matić1, Nemanja Pažin2, Nenad Janković1, Vladimir Mrdaković1,

Duško Ilić1, Đorđe Stefanović1

1 Univerzitet u Beogradu, Fakultet sporta i fi zičkog vaspitanja, Beograd, Srbija2Zavod za sport i medicinu sporta Republike Srbije, Beograd, Srbija

Uvod

Skok iz saskoka (SIS) je efi kasno sredstvo koje se koristi za potrebe testiranja, treninga i rehabilitacije.

Ipak, za ostvarivanje maksimalnih performansi u SIS neophodan je odgovarajući intenzitet koji se najčešće

defi niše optimalnom visinom saskoka (OVS). Međutim, pokazalo se da pojedini opšti (npr. tehnika ods-

koka, tip instrukcije) i specifi čni faktori (npr. godine, pol, utreniranost) mogu da utiču ili se pretpostavlja

da utiču na OVS. Kako do sada nije istraživana uzročno-posledična veza maksimalne jačine mišića (MJM)

na OVS, cilj ovog istraživanja je bio da se ispita potencijalni uticaj MJM na OVS kod SIS.

Metod

Istraživanje je obavljeno na uzorku od 30 studenata (prosečne starosti 20,3 ± 1,3; telesne mase 77,5 ± 10,2

kg; telesne visine 1,83 ± 0,06 m) od kojih su, na osnovu rezultata 1 RM u polučučnju, formirane dve grupe

ispitanika: Jaki (n=8) i Slabi (n=8). SIS je izvođen sa osam visina (12, 22, 32, 42, 50, 62, 72, i 82 cm), a OVS

je defi nisana na osnovu maksimalne snage mišića (MSM) generisane u fazi odskoka uz pomoć metoda

biranja i predviđanja.


Rezultati pokazuju da postoji značajna umerena povezanost MJM i OVS koja je određena metodom

predviđanja (r=0,50; p<0,05), dok kod metoda biranja nije detektovana. Pokazalo se da ispitanici iz grupe

jakih u odnosu na grupu slabih, u proseku generišu MSM pri saskoku sa većih visina (0,62 m i 0,32 m).

Takođe, potvrđena je značajna razlika u OVS za jake i slabe kod oba metoda (biranja: 0,56±0,09 m i

0,39±0,11 m, predviđanja: 0,50±0,09 m i 0,35±0,10 m).

Zaključak

Dobijeni rezultati sugerišu da OVS zavisi od MJM što je važno za doziranje opterećenja za potrebe trenin-

ga, rehabilitacije i testiranja sportista. S tim u vezi, ovi nalazi sugerišu da je neophodna individualizacija u

određivanju OVS kako bi se obezbedilo ispoljavanje MSM u SIS.

Ključne reči: intenzitet, ciklus izduženja-skraćenja, trening, testiranje

Literatura1. Pietraszewski, B., Rutkowska-Kucharska, A. (2011). Relative power of the lower limbs in drop jump. Acta of Bio-

engineering and Biomechanics, 13 (1), 13-18.

2. Taube, W., Leukel, C., Lauber, B., Gollhofer, A. (2011). Th e drop height determines neuromuscular adaptations

and changes in jump performance in stretch-shortening cycle training. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Sci-

ence in Sports, 22 (5), 671-83.

71

OPTIMUM DROP HEIGHT FOR MAXIMIZING POWER OUTPUT

IN DROP JUMP: THE EFFECT OF MAXIMAL STRENGTH

Milan Matić1, Nemanja Pažin2, 1Vladimir Mrdaković1, 1Nenad Janković1,

Duško Ilić1 , Đorđe Stefanović1

1 University of Belgrade, Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, Belgrade, Serbia2Serbian Institute of Sport and Sports Medicine, Belgrade, Serbia

Introduction

Drop jump (SIS) is an effi cient tool that is used for testing, training and rehabilitation. However, for the

achievement of maximum performance of SIS, the appropriate intensity, often defi ned as optimum drop

height (OVS), is essential. However, it has been shown that certain general (e.g. the rebound technique,

type instructions) and specifi c factors (e.g. age, gender, well trained) can aff ect or are assumed to aff ect

the OVS. Since, the cause-eff ect relationship of maximal muscle strength (MJM) at an OVS, has not been

investigated, the aim of this study was to examine the potential impact of MJM at the OVS.

Methods

Th irty physically active males participated in this study out of which 16 volunteers were selected and di-

vided into two groups according to their level of maximal strength: Strong (n=8) and Weak (n=8). Th e main

testing session consisted of drop jumps performed from eight diff erent drop heights (i.e., 12, 22, 32, 42, 50,

62, 72, i 82 cm). OVS was individually determined based on the maximal muscle power (MSM) using two

methods: picking and fi tting.


Th e fi tting method revealed acceptable reliability, while the picking method proved as unreliable. In ad-

dition, the tested relationships between MJM and OVS were low-to-moderate for the fi tting method (r =

0,39-0,50), while the picking method failed to show any signifi cant correlations. On average, the Strong

group showed maximal values of MSM on the higher drop height compared to the Weak group (0,62 m

vs. 0,32 m). Finally, signifi cant diff erences in OVS between groups were detected in both applied methods

(picking: 0,56±0,09 m i 0,39±0,11 m, fi tting: 0,50±0,09 m i 0,35±0,10 m).

Conclusions

Th e present fi ndings suggest that OVS should be adjusted based on a subject’s neuromuscular capacity

to produce MJM. Th is could be of vital importance for the athlete’s testing and training, as well as for the

rehabilitation purposes, as the fi ndings indicate that individualization of the OVS is required.

Key words: intensity, stretch-shortening cycle, training, testing

References1. Pietraszewski, B., Rutkowska-Kucharska, A. (2011). Relative power of the lower limbs in drop jump. Acta of Bio-

engineering and Biomechanics, 13 (1), 13-18.

2. Taube, W., Leukel, C., Lauber, B., Gollhofer, A. (2011). Th e drop height determines neuromuscular adaptations

and changes in jump performance in stretch-shortening cycle training. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Sci-

ence in Sports, 22 (5), 671-83.

72

EVALUACIJA TERENSKIH TESTOVA

ZA PROCENU SNAGE GORNJEG DELA TELA

ZASNOVANIH NA EKSPLOZIVNIM SKLEKOVIMA PILOT STUDIJA

Ivan Ćuk1, Saša Đurić1, Olivera Knežević2, Dragan Mirkov1

1Univerzitet u Beogradu, Fakultet sporta i fi zičkog vaspitanja, Beograd, Srbija2Univerzitet u Beogradu, Institut za medicinska istraživanja, Beograd, Srbija

Uvod

Iako eksplozivni sklekovi, zbog svoje jednostavnosti i efi kasnosti, imaju značajnu ulogu u treningu sportis-

ta i rekreativaca, oni se ipak retko koriste u svrhu procene snage gornjeg dela tela. Zbog toga je cilj ove pilot

studije procena konkurentske validnosti, pouzdanosti (unutar i između merenja) i spoljašnje validnosti te-

renskih testova snage gornjeg dela tela, zasnovanih na različitim vrstama eksplozivnih sklekova. Očekuje se

da se ispitivani testovi mogu koristiti kao validno i pouzdano sredstvo za procenu snage gornjeg dela tela.

Metod

Pet fi zički aktivnih ispitanika izvodili su testove zasnovane na eksplozivnim sklekovima: sklek sa otiskivan-

jem od tla (SOT), sa udarcem dlanom o dlan (SUD), na kolenima sa otiskivanjem od tla (SKOT) i pliometri-

jski sklek na kolenima (PSK; Vossen i sar., 2000; Garcia-Masso i sar., 2011). Trajanje faze leta mereno je

platformom sile (PS) i kontaknom podlogom (KP). Takođe, ispitanici su testirani standardnim testovima

snage (izbačaj tega sa grudi i bacanje medicinke iz sedećeg položaja). Za procenu pouzdanosti računati

su intraklas korelacioni koefi cijent (ICC) i koefi cijent varijacije (CV), dok je za procenu konkurentske i

spoljašnje validnosti računat Pirsonov koefi cijent korelacije (r).


Konkurentska validnost za sva merenja bila je izuzetno visoka (r = 0,99). Za sve vrste sklekova, pouzdanost

unutar merenja bila je umerena do visoka (ICC od 0,41 do 0,85), dok je između merenja bila visoka (ICC

od 0,80 do 0,88). Gotovo svi koefi cijenti varijacije su bili ispod 10%. Spoljašnja validnost bila je generalno

visoka (r od 0,71 do 0,88) i nešto veća za testove SUD i PSK (r od 0,83 do 0,88) nego za SOT i SKOT (r od

0,71 do 0,81).

Zaključak

Dobijeni nalazi ove pilot studije govore u prilog tome da se eksplozivni sklekovi mogu koristiti kao terenski

test za procenu snage gornjeg dela tela, što je potrebno potvrditi na većem broju isptanika.

Literatura1. Vossen, J.F. et al. (2000). Comparison of dynamic push-up training and plyometric push-up training on upper-

body power and strength. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 14(3), 248-253.

2. Garcia-Masso X. et al. (2011). Myoelectric activation and Kinetics of diff erent plyometric push-up exercises. Jour-

nal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 25(7), 2040-2047.

73

EVALUATION OF FIELD TESTS

FOR ASSESSMENT OF UPPERBODY POWER

BASED ON EXPLOSIVE PUSHUPS PILOT STUDY

Ivan Ćuk1, Saša Đurić1, Olivera Knežević2, Dragan Mirkov1

1University of Belgrade, Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, Belgrade, Serbia2University of Belgrade, Institute for Medical Research, Belgrade, Serbia

Introduction

Although explosive push-ups have been frequently used for improvement of upper-body power in both

athletes and recreational, they have been rarely used for power assessment. Th erefore, the aim of the cur-

rent pilot study was to assess concurrent validity, within-day and test-retest reliability, as well as external

validity of tests based on diff erent types of explosive push-ups. We hypothesized that selected tests could

be used as a valid and reliable tool for the assessment of upper-body power.

Methods

Five physically active subjects performed four types of explosive push-ups: “jumping”, “clapping”, dynamic

and plyometric push-up (JPU, CPU, DPU and PPU, respectively; Vossen et al., 2000; Garcia-Masso et al.,

2011). Duration of “fl ight” time was measured with force plate (FP) and infrared sensors (IRS). Subjects

also performed standard upper-body power tests (bench press throw and medicine ball throw from sitting

position). Reliability was assessed with intra-class correlation coeffi cient (ICC) and coeffi cient of variation

(CV), while Pearson’s correlation coeffi cient (r) was used as a measure of concurrent and external validity.


All measurements had very high concurrent validity (r=0.99). For all types of measured push-up tests,

within-day reliability was generally moderate to high (ICC from 0.41 to 0.85), while test-retest reliability

was high (ICC from 0.80 to 0.88). Virtually all CV were below 10%. Finally, external validity was in general

high (r from 0.71 to 0.88), being higher in CPU and PPU (r from 0.83 to 0.88), than in JPU and DPU tests

(r from 0.71 to 0.81).

Conclusion

Th e obtained results of this pilot study support the hypothesis that tests based on explosive push-ups can

be used as valid and reliable tool for the assessment of upper-body power. To confi rm the obtained fi ndings

further research with a larger sample size needs to be conducted.

References1. Vossen, J.F. et al. (2000). Comparison of dynamic push-up training and plyometric push-up training on upper-

body power and strength. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 14(3), 248-253.

2. Garcia-Masso X. et al. (2011). Myoelectric activation and Kinetics of diff erent plyometric push-up exercises. Jour-

nal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 25(7), 2040-2047.

74

UTICAJ UGLA U ZGLOBU NA BRZINU RAZVOJA

SILE MIŠIĆA OPRUŽAČA I PREGIBAČA KOLENA

PRI NAIZMENIČNIM MAKSIMALNIM IZOMETRIJSKIM KONTRAKCIJAMA

Dragan Mirkov1, Olivera Knezevic2, Aleksandar Nedeljković1 1Univerzitet u Beogradu, Fakultet sporta i fi zičkog vaspitanja, Beograd, Srbija

2Univerzitet u Beogradu, Institut za medicinska istraživanja,

Laboratorija za neurofi ziologiju, Srbija

Uvod

Test zasnovan na izometrijskim naizmeničnim maksimalnim kontrakcijama (NMK) omogućava testiranje

antagonističkog para mišića u okviru istog pokušaja, pri čemu se dobijaju podaci o maksimalnoj sili (Fmax

)

i brzini razvoja sile (BRS) tih mišića. Ranije je pokazano da kod standardnog testa jačine (STJ) Fmax

i BRS

zavise od izabranog zglobnog ugla i mišića (Mirkov, 2004; Kubo, 2004), međutim, do sada nije ispitano

kako promena zglobnog ugla utiče na rezultate testa NKM. Zato je cilj ove studije bio da se ispita da li BRS

dobijena iz testa NMK zavisi od zglobnog ugla.

Metod

Dvadeset ispitanika (starost 24±4, masa tela 81±8kg i visina tela 1,82±0,6m) izvodili su test NMK mišićima

pregibačima i opružačima u zglobu kolena (samo dominantna noga) u četiri različita ugla (100°, 120°, 140°

i 160°), slučajnim redosledom. Za potrebe izvođenja NMK korišćen je izokinetički dinamometar (Kin Com

125AP). Pored Fmax

, BRSmax

, procenjivana je i relativna brzina razvoja sile (RBRS – BRSmax

je normalizovan

u odnosu na Fmax

). Za ispitivanje značajnosti razlika u Fmax

, BRSmax

, odnosno BRS opružača i pregibača

između zglobnih uglova primenjena je kombinovana ANOVA (faktori: ugao i mišić).


Izbor ugla u zglobu značajno je uticao na Fmax

opružača (p<0.001), ali ne i na Fmax

pregibača. U svim te-

stiranim uglovima Fmax

opružača bila je značajno veća nego kod pregibača (p<0.001). BRSmax

obe mišićne

grupe značajno je zavisio od ugla u zglobu (p<0.001). Iako je BRSmax

pregibača bila nešto veća nego BRSmax

opružača, ni u jednom od testiranih uglova ta razlika nije bila značajna. Konačno, mada je ugao u zglobu

značajno uticao na RBRS obe mišićne grupe, RBRS pregibača bila je značajno veća nego RBRS opružača

(p<0.001). Dobijeni nalazi ukazuju da na BRS dobijena primenom testa NKM, pored Fmax

, može značajno

uticati i prisustvo mišićne kokontrakcije.

Zaključak

Nalazi dobijeni u ovoj studiji pokazali su da vrednost BRS dobijene primenom testa NMK u značajno meri

može zavisiti od izbora ugla u zglobu i mišića koji se testira. Naime, rezultati su pokazali da na BRS i RBRS

pregibač a može značajno uticati prethodna aktivost opružača, što nije slučaj kada se ove dve mere procen-

juju primenom STJ (Mirkov, 2004). Na osnovu nalaza ove studije može se zaključiti da test NMK, iako se

izvodi u izometrijskim uslovima, može imati drugačiji obrazac neuralne aktivacije mišića nego kod STJ.

Ključne reči: Izometrija, Jačina, Koleno, BRS

Literatura 1. Mirkov, D. M (2004). Muscle strength testing: evaluation of tests of explosive force production. European Journal

of Applied Physiology, 91, 147–154.

2. Kubo, K. (2004). Activation of agonist and antagonist muscles at diff erent joint angles during maximal isometric

eff orts. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 91, 349–352

NapomenaStudija je fi nansirana sa projekata Ministarstva prosvete, nauke I tehnološkog razvoja Republike Srbije (ON 175037 i ON 175012)

75

EFFECT OF DIFFERENT JOINT ANGLES ON QUADRICEPS

AND HAMSTRINGS RATE OF FORCE DEVELOPMENT DURING

ALTERNATING CONSECUTIVE MAXIMAL CONTRACTIONS

Dragan Mirkov1, Olivera Knezevic2, Aleksandar Nedeljković1 1 University of Belgrade, Faculty of sport and physical education, Belgrade, Serbia

2 University of Belgrade, Institute for Medical Research, Neurophysiology lab, Serbia

Introduction

Alternating consecutive maximal isometric contraction (ACMC) allows testing of two antagonistic mus-

cles within a single trial, providing both maximum force (Fmax

) and rate of force development (RFD) data.

While Fmax and RFDmax

derived from standard strength test (SST) have been shown to be angle and

muscle dependent (Mirkov, 2004; Kubo, 2004), there are no data regarding how change in joint position

infl uences ACMC variables. Th erefore, the purpose of this study was to explore if the change in knee angle

aff ects RFD derived from ACMC.

Method

Twenty males (age 24±4, weight 81±8kg and height 1,82±0,6m) performed self-paced ACMC of quadriceps

and hamstring (only dominant leg) at 100°, 120°, 140° and 160° of knee extension in a random sequence.

All measurements were conducted on isokinetic dynamometer (Kin Com 125AP). ACMC test served to

assess Fmax

, RFDmax

and RRFD (RFDmax

normalized with respect to Fmax

). Mixed ANOVAs (factors: angle

and muscle) were used to compare potential diff erences among the angles and between the muscles across

Fmax

, RFDmax

and RRFD.


Change in the joint position had signifi cant eff ect on quadriceps’ Fmax

(p<0.001) but not on hamstrings

Fmax

. Diff erence between tested muscles was signifi cant since quadriceps’ Fmax

higher than hamstrings,

across all knee angles (p<0.001) . Regarding the RFDmax

, it was angle-dependent for both muscles (p<0.001),

somewhat larger for hamstrings than for quadriceps, but there was no diff erence between them across the

tested angles (p>0.05). Finally, RRFD was signifi cantly diff erent across the tested angles for both muscles,

however, hamstrings’ RRFD was signifi cantly higher than quadriceps’ (p<0.001). Th e obtained fi ndings

indicate that factors other than Fmax

, such is muscle co-contraction, could have strong infl uence on RFD

derived from ACMC test.

Conclusion

Th e present study revealed that RFD measures obtained from ACMC test could be angle and muscle de-

pendent. In particular, hamstrings’ RFD and RRFD could be strongly infl uenced by preceding quadriceps

activation, which is not the case when SST is performed (Mirkov, 2004). Th ese fi ndings suggest that al-

though performed in isometric condition, ACMC test could have diff erent neural activation pattern than

SST.

Key words: Isometric, Strength, Knee, RFD

References1. Mirkov, D. M (2004). Muscle strength testing: evaluation of tests of explosive force production. European Journal

of Applied Physiology, 91, 147–154.

2. Kubo, K. (2004). Activation of agonist and antagonist muscles at diff erent joint angles during maximal isometric

eff orts. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 91, 349–352

AcknowledgementsTh e study was supported in part by grants No.175037 and No. 175012 from the Serbian Ministry of Education, Science and Tech-

nological Development

76

LATENTNA STRUKTURA MOTORIČKOG PROSTORA

PROCENJIVANA PRIMENOM TESTA

NAIZMENIČNIH UZASTOPNIH MAKSIMALNIH KONTRAKCIJA

Srđan Marković1,2, Dragan Banićević3, Olivera Knežević4,

Aleksandar Nedeljković1, Dragan Mirkov1

1Univerzitet u Beogradu, Fakultet sporta i fi zičkog vaspitanja,Beograd, Srbija2Univerzitet Singidunum, Fakultet za fi zičku kuluturu i menadžment u sportu, Beograd, Srbija

3Zavod za vrednovanje kvaliteta obrazovanja i vaspitanja, Beograd, Srbija4 Univerzitet u Beogradu, Institut za medicinska istraživanja, Beograd, Srbija)

Uvod

Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je da se ispita latentna struktura motoričkog prostora na osnovu primene testa

Naizmeničnih uzastopnih maksimalnih kontrakcija (NUMK). Različite varijante testa NUMK (Unilater-

alna i Bilateralna) evaluirane su u odnosu na Standardni test jačine (STJ) i eksperimentalno je pokazano

da obe varijante obezbeđuju dobijanje pouzdanih i validnih podataka za procenu neuromišićne funkcije

(Bozic i sar. 2011; Banicevic i sar. 2012). S obzirom da NUMK pokreću različit neurofi ziološki mehanizmi

u odnosu na maksimalnu voljnu kontrakciju karakterističnu za STJ, predpostavilo se da se varijablama STJ

procenjuje isto svojstvo mišića, dok se varijablama testa NUMK procenjuju različita svojstva mišića.

Metod

Neuromišićna funkcija procenjivana je kod 25 studenata. Za procenu neuromišićne funkcije korišćene

su tri varijante iz dva različita testa (STJ i NUMK). Varijante testova su bile izvođene u uslovima Unilate-

ralne, Bilateralne fazne (istovremena aktivnost istoimenih mišića u dva različita ekstremiteta; ekstenzori

i ekstenzori) i Bilateralne antifazne mišićne akivnosti (istovremena aktivnost raznoimenih mišića u dva

različita ekstremiteta; ekstenzori i fl eksori). U svim varijantama oba testa procenjivana je maksimalna sila

i maksimalna brzina razvoja sile (STJ: Fmax i BRSmax; NUMK: VS i BRS). Latentna struktura motoričkog

prostora procenjivana je na osnovu rezultata faktorske analize.


Kada su faktorski analizirani rezultati STJ, varijable Fmax i BRSmax zabeležene na istom mišiću grupisale

su se, bez izuzetka, unutar istog faktora. Dobijena struktura izolovanih glavnih komponenti upućuje na

jedno svojstvo mišića, koje u ovom slučaju ima topografsku određenost. Sa druge strane, kada su faktorski

analizirani rezultati testa NUMK, varijable VS grupisale su se, kao i kod STJ, u prva dva izdvojena faktora

shodno mišićnoj grupi, dok su se varijable BRS najvećim delom grupisale u druga dva faktora. Tačnije,

u trećem faktoru su se grupisale većina varijabli BRS zabeležene na mišićima fl eksorima, dok su se one

zabeležene na mišićima ekstenzorima raspršile u tri različita faktora.

Zaključak

Primenom testa NUMK procenjuju se dva odvojena svojstva mišića: da ispoljava maksimalnu silu (vari-

jabla VS) i da maksimalnu silu ispolji maksimalno brzo (varijabla BRS). Ovo je posebno bitno jer u većini

motoričkih zadataka brzo ispoljavanje sile predstavlja dominantnu sposobnost. Suprotno tome, rezultati

realizovanog istraživanja pokazuju da se u okviru primene STJ, dvema varijablama (Fmax i BRSmax) pro-

cenjuje samo jedno svojstvo mišića.

Ključne reči: struktura, test, sila

Literatura1. Bozic, P., Suzovic, D., Nedeljkovic, A., Jaric, S. (2011). Alternating consecutive maximum contractions as a test of

muscle function. J Strength Cond Res. 25, 1605–1615.

2. Banicevic, D., Markovic, S., Knezevic, O., Nedeljkovic, A., Mirkov, D.M., Dopsaj, M. (2012). Reliability and validity

of bilateral alternating consecutive maximum contractions as a test of neuromuscular function: A pilot study. Serb

Journal of Sports Sci, 6,137-145.

77

THE STRUCTURE OF PHYSICAL ABILITIES

ASSESSED BY THE TEST

OF ALTERNATING CONSECUTIVE MAXIMUM CONTRACTIONS

Srdjan Markovic1,2, Dragan Banicevic3, Olivera Knezevic4,

Aleksandar Nedeljkovic1, Dragan Mirkov1

1University of Belgrade, Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, Belgrade, Serbia2University Singidunum, Faculty for Physical Culture and Management in Sport,Belgrade, Serbia)

3Institute for Education Quality and Evaluation, Belgrade, Serbia

4 University of Belgrade, Institute for Medical Research, Belgrade, Serbia

Introduction

Th e aim of this study was to investigate the structure of physical abilities based on the use of the test of

alternating consecutive maximum contractions (ACMC). Th e various variants of the test of ACMC (e.g.

Unilateral and Bilateral) have been evaluated with respect to the Standard strength test (SST) where both

variants showed to be reliable and valid for the assessment of neuromuscular function (Bozic at al. 2011;

Banicevic et al. 2012). Since ACMC initiate diff erent neurophysiological mechanisms compared to the

maximal voluntary contraction that characterized SST, it was hypothesized that the variables of SST assess

the same physical ability of muscle, while the variables of ACMC assess diff erent physical ability of muscle.

Methods

Th e neuromuscular function was assessed in 25 students. Th ree variants of two diff erent tests (SST and

ACMC) have been used for the assessment of neuromuscular function. Th e separate variants of the tests

have been performed in the conditions of Unilateral, Bilateral in-phase (e.g. the simultaneous activity of

homonymous muscle within two diff erent limbs; extensors & extensors) and Bilateral anti-phase muscle

activity (e.g. the simultaneous activity of heteronymous muscle within two diff erent limbs; extensors &

fl exors). Th e maximum force and the maximum rate of force development (SST: Fmax & RFDmax; ACMC:

PF & RFD) have been assessed in all variants of both tests. Th e structure of physical abilities was assessed

based on the results of Principal component analysis (PCA).

Results with Discussion

When PCA has been applied on the results of SST, the variables Fmax and RFDmax recorded on the same

muscle loaded, without exception, the same principal component. Th e obtained structure of the isolated

principal components indicates that SST assesses single physical ability of muscle and this is topographi-

cally determined. On the other hand, when PCA has been applied on the results of ACMC, the variables PF

loaded the fi rst two principal components according to the muscle group, while the variables RFD mostly

loaded the second two principal components. More precisely, the variables RFD recorded on the fl exor

muscles have been isolated within the third principal component, while the ones recorded on the extensor

muscles have been spread through three diff erent principal components.

Conclusion

Th e test of ACMC assesses two separate physical abilities of muscles: to produce maximum force (variable

PF) and that maximum force is produced within the shortest possible time (variable RFD). Th is could be

very important since the most of physical tasks dominantly require very fast force production. In contrast,

the obtained results show that the variables of STJ (Fmax and RFDmax) assess only the single physical

ability.

Key words: Structure, Test, Force

References1. Bozic, P., Suzovic, D., Nedeljkovic, A., Jaric, S. (2011). Alternating consecutive maximum contractions as a test of

muscle function. J Strength Cond Res. 25, 1605–1615.

2. Banicevic, D., Markovic, S., Knezevic, O., Nedeljkovic, A., Mirkov, D.M., Dopsaj, M. (2012). Reliability and validity

of bilateral alternating consecutive maximum contractions as a test of neuromuscular function: A pilot study. Serb

Journal of Sports Sci, 6,137-145.

78

79

SESIJA 4

ISTRAŽIVAČKOMETODOLOŠKI ASPEKTI EFEKATA

PRIMENE FIZIČKIH AKTIVNOSTI

U KOREKTIVNOJ GIMNASTICI

SESSION 4


OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY APPLICATION

IN CORECTIVE GYMNASTICS

80

TELESNI STATUS DECE

PREDŠKOLSKOG I MLAĐEG ŠKOLSKOG UZRASTA

Dejan Ilić, Dana Cvjetković, Danica Janićijević

Univerzitet u Beogradu, Fakultet sporta i fi zičkog vaspitanja,Beograd, Srbija

Uvod

Loše držanje tela dece predškolskog i mlađeg školskog uzrasta je često pokazatelj zdravstvenih problema.

Ti problemi mogu postati veoma ozbiljni ukoliko se loše držanje ne ispravi na vreme. Veoma često se

dešava da se problemi ovog tipa ne uoče pravovremeno. Bilo bi najbolje kada bi već vaspitači uočili prve

pokazatelje lošeg držanja tela.

Metod

Ovo je transverzalno istraživanje empirijskog karaktera. U cilju utvrđivanja posturalnog statusa dece

predškolskog i mlađeg školskog uzrasta, prikupljeni su podaci na uzorku od 29 dece iz školice sporta

„Bušido“ koja je na području Beograda. Istraživanje je obuhvatilo 16 devojčica i 13 dečaka. Posturalni sta-

tus je procenjen metodom posmatranja na osnovu kliničkog lista po modelu Radisavljević M. i Radojević J.


„X“ položaj nogu je zastupljeniji kod dečaka sa 38,5% u odnosu na devojčica gde je 31,3%, dok. Kifoza je

zastupljena kod devojčica sa 12,5%, a 7,7% kod dečaka. Lordoza se javlja 37,5% kod devojčica, dok je kod

dečaka ta pojava vidno manja sa 7,7%. Hiperekstenzija kolena je 25% kod devojčica, a 15,4% kod dečaka.

Spušteno stopalo je izraženo više kod devočica sa 81,3%, a kod dečaka nešto manje sa 76,9%. Izdubljeno

stopalo i ispupčene grudi su prisutni samo kod jedne devojčice.

Zaključak

Na osnovu procene telesnog statusa dolazi se do zaključka da posturalni poremećaji kao i telesni deformiti-

eti, nisu podjednako zastupljeni kod dece oba pola. Lordotično loše držanje, npr, kao posturalni poremećaj

koga karakteriše promena položaja kičmenog stuba u lumbalnom delu sa konveksitetom prema napred,

izraženiji je kod devojčica nego kod dečaka. Jedan od osnovnih razloga se može tražiti u anatomskom

izgledu karlice kod ženske populacije, kao i stepenu nagiba iste, koji uz povećane masne naslage u abdomi-

nalnoj regiji, doprinose nastanku lordotičnog lošeg držanja.

Ključne reči: telesni status, držanje tela, deca, posturalni poremećaji, deformiteti.

Literatura1. Ilić, D., Drašković, V., Eminović, F., Višnjić, S., Uticaj sportske edukacije u formiranju posturalnog statusa dece

mlađeg školskog uzrasta. Zb. naučn. stručnih rad. - Sport zdr., 2009, str. 106-110. [COBISS.SR-ID 512617132]

81

PHYSICAL STATUS

OF PRESCHOOL AND YOUNGER SCHOOL AGE CHILDREN


University of Belgrade, Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, Belgrade, Serbia

Introduction

Bad posture of preschool and younger school age children is often indicator of health problems. Th ese

problems can become very serious if we do not correct bad posture timely. Very often it happens that the

problems of this type are not noticed on time. It would be the best if the educators in kindergarten could

be the fi rst to notice indicators of bad posture.

Method

Th is is transversal research of empirical character. Th e goal is to determinate postural status of preschool

and young school age children, and for that purpose data on a sample of 29 children from school of sports

„Busido“ , which is located in the city of Belgrade, were collected. Research included 16 girls and 13 boys.

Postural status was evaluated using the method of observation based on clinical list model by Radisavljevic

M. and Radojevic J.

Result and discussion

„X“ leg position was noticed frequently in boys population, with 38,5 % over girls population where it was

noticed in 31,3% of cases. Kyphosis was spotted with 12,5% of girls, and 7,7 % of boys population. Lordo-

sis was spotted in 37, 5% cases of girls, and visibly less, 7,7% of boys population. Knee hiperextension is

found in 25% of girls, and 14, 5% of boys research group. Flat foot was more expressed in girls population

with 83,3% , than in the boys population, where it is expressed slightly less, with 76,9%. Followed foot and

protruding breasts are found only in case of one girl.

Conclusion

Based on evaluation of physical status we can conclude that postural disorders and postural deformities

are not equally represented in children of both sexes. Lordosis, for example, as postural disorder charac-

terized with convexity towards forward is more pronounced with girls than with boys. One of the main

reasons for that is the fact that anatomic look of women pelvis, as well as pelvis degree, with increased fat

deposits in abnormal region, contribute to genesis of lordotic bad posture.

Key words: physical status, body posture, children, postural disorders, deformities.

References1. Ilić, Dejan. Drašković, Vesko. Eminović, Fadilj. Višnjić, Svetlana. Infl uence of sports education in forming postural

status younger school age children. Collection of scientifi c expert works- Sport collection. 2009, page 106-110.

[COBISS. SR.-ID 512617132]

82

ULOGA FUNCTIONAL MOVEMENT SCREENING FMS BATERIJE TESTOVA

U PROGRAMIRANJU KOREKTIVNOG VEŽBANJA

PRIKAZ SLUČAJA

Duško Spasovski1,2, Dejan Čubrilo3, Katarina Milosavljević4,

Marko Gašparović4, Zoran Vukobratović4

1Institut za ortopedsko-hirurške bolesti “Banjica”, Beograd, Srbija2 Univerzitet u Beogradu, Medicinski fakultet, Beograd, Srbija

3Fakultet za sport i turizam, Educons Univerzitet, Novi Sad, Srbija4SRU Motion, Beograd, Srbija

Uvod

Primeno m adekvatno odabranih i doziranih vežbi moguće je povoljno uticati, pored strukturnih defor-

miteta, i na funkcionalne poremećaje položaja delova tela i njihovog odnosa pri kretanju. FMS standardna

baterija testova se upotrebljava u odabiru i doziranju CoreFitMax korektivnog zdravstvenog vežbanja.

Metod

Kao ulazna varijabla korišćen je set testova FMS koji se sastoji iz sedam motoričkih testova (pet unilateral-

nih), ocenjenih od 1 do 3. Na osnovu rezultata testova, dodeljuju se ponderi po CoreFitMax metodi (15-seg-

mentni analitički model tela, šest funkcionalnih koordinacija – primarnih motoričkih obrazaca pokreta u

odnosu na težište tela), formira se redosled prioriteta ciljeva treninga i iz osnovnog seta od 530 fi tnes vežbi

sastavlja program vežbanja 3x nedeljno, uz mesečno retestiranje i modifi kaciju sastava programa.


Vežbačica N. I. (23 godine) bez povreda i bez subjektivnih bolnih tegoba. FMS skor se poboljšao za 16,67%

(sa početnih 28/36 na 31/36 nakon 4 nedelje i 34/36 nakon 8 nedelja, ANOVA F=3.67, p<0,05), uz spo-

ro napredovanje snage i fl eksibilnosti grudnih mišića. Vežbač P. M. (22): povećanje FMS skora za 11,1%

(30/36; 32/36; 34/36; ANOVA F=3.67, p<0,05), sa i dalje nedovoljnom fl eksibilnošću oba ramena zgloba.

Zaključak

FMS baterija testova se može uspešno primeniti u selekciji vežbi za korekciju funkcionalnog statusa lo-

komotornog sistema, izvodi se jednostavno i brzo, i omogućava jednostavnu kvantifi kaciju rezultata i

praćenja napretka.

Ključne reči: funkcionalni test, FMS, korektivno vežbanje, CoreFitMax

Literatura

1. Schneiders, A.G., Davidsson, A., Horman, E., Sullivan, S.J. (2011) Functional Movement Screen normative values

in a young, active population. Int J Sports Phys Th er. 6(2):75-82.

2. Gamble, P. (2013) Movement screening protocols: Rationale versus evidence. Journal of Sports Medicine 40(2)83-7.

83

THE ROLE OF FUNCTIONAL MOVEMENT SCREENING FMS TEST

BATTERY IN CORRECTIVE EXERCISE PRESCRIPTION

CASE REPORT

Duško Spasovski1,2, Dejan Čubrilo3, Katarina Milosavljević4,

Marko Gašparović4, Zoran Vukobratović4

1Institute for Orthopedic Surgery “Banjica”, Belgrade, Serbia2University of Belgrade, School of Medicine, Belgrade, Serbia

3Faculty of Sports and Tourism, “EDUCONS” University, Novi Sad, Serbia4SRU Motion, Belgrade, Serbia

Introduction

Besides structural deformities, adequately chosen and applied exercise can help in the treatment of func-

tional body posture and movement disturbances. We present the usage of FMS standard test battery in

dosage of CoreFitMax medical fi tness exercise.

Methods

Input variables were the results of seven FMS tests (fi ve unilateral), ranked from 1 to 3. Based on these

results, ponders were assigned according to CoreFitMax method (15-segment analytical body model, six

functional coordination – primary motor movement patterns relative to center of body mass), training

goals are defi ned and individual subset of exercise is chosen from the basic set of 530 fi tness exercise, with

workout 3x a week and with monthly retest and revision of program.


N. I. (female, aged 23, without injuries or pain). FMS score improved for 16.67% (from 28/36 to 31/36 after

4 weeks and 34/36 after 8 weeks, ANOVA F=3.67, p<0,05), with slower improvement of pectoral strength

and fl exibility. P. M. (male, 22, healthy): improvement of FMS score for 11,1% (30/36; 32/36; 34/36; ANO-

VA F=3.67, p<0,05), still lacking adequate fl exibility of both shoulders.

Conclusion

FMS test battery can be utilized in the selection of exercise for correction of functional musculoskeletal

status, it is easy and fast, and it enables basic quantifi cation of results and monitoring of improvement.

Key words: functional test, FMS, corrective exercise, CoreFitMax

References

1. Schneiders, A.G., Davidsson, A., Horman, E., Sullivan, S.J. (2011) Functional Movement Screen normative values

in a young, active population. Int J Sports Phys Th er. 6(2):75-82.

Gamble, P. (2013) Movement screening protocols: Rationale versus evidence. Journal of Sports Medicine 40(2)83-7.

84

PLIVANJE KAO POTPORA FIZIKALNOJ TERAPIJI

ZA KOREKCIJU POSTURE KOD DJECE

Aldvin Torlaković¹; Mirsad Muftić²; Roman Kebat¹

¹Olympic Swimming Pool Center Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina

²University of Sarajevo, Faculty of Health Studies, Bosnia and Herzegovina

Uvod

Jedan od važnih faktora rizika u držanju tijela (postura) mogu biti opšte i postularne navike, što je vrlo

promjenljivo, posebno kod djece. U prilog ovoj činjenici govori i podatak da je posljednjih nekoliko godi-

na evidentno povećavanje broja djece s manjim ili većim otklonima od pravilne posture. Cilj istraživanja

bio je utvrditi efi kasnost programa plivanja kao potpore fi zikalnoj terapiji u korekciji posture kod djece u

osnovnoj školi.

Metod

Ispitivanje je provedeno na uzorku od 80 dječaka, dobi 11,8±2,5 godina, kod kojih je stručnim pregledom

dijagnosticirano loše tjelesno držanje. Program plivanja i hidrogimanstike, kao potpora fi zikalnoj terpaiji,

realizovan je u periodu od 8 mjeseci. U istraživanju je je korišteno 9 varijabli za procjenu stanja posture.

Kako bi se provjerila hipoteza, da su u ovom vremenskom periodu koordinirani program plivanja, hidrogi-

mnastike i korektivne gimnastike utjecali na poboljšanje postularnog statusa, izvršena je analiza promjena

pod modelom razlika. Analize razlike u prosječnim vrijednostima urađena je uz pomoć t-testa za zavisne

uzorke.


Na osnovu rezultata t-testa, jasno je vidljiva visoka statistička značajnost kod svih posmatranih varijabli

ocjene posture. Naime, došlo je do značajnih promjena u vrijednostima varijabli: ocjena držanja glave

(ODGL p= .000); ocjena držanja ramena (ODRA p= .000); ocjena držanje lopatica (ODLO p= .000); ocjena

grudnog koša (ODGRK p= .000); ocjena držanja kičmenog stupa (OKIS p= .000); ocjena držanje trbuha

(ODST p= .000); ocjena držanje nogu (ONOG p= .000); stanje stopala (OSTO p= .000) i ukupna ocjena

držanja tijala (UODTW p= .000). Do sličnih rezultata došlo se i drugim studijama (Getz i sar., 2006), gdje

je konstatovana efi kasnost hidroterapije kao jedne od najčešće primenjivanih dodatnih procedura u (re)

habilitaciji djece kod kojih je primjetno odstupanje od pravilne posture. Rezultati u ovom istraživanju po-

tvrđuju ranije konstatacije da nijedna druga fi zičke aktivnosti ne može utjecati na čovjeka kao što utječe

plivanje, kao i da voda predstavlja odličan mediji koji omogućava izvođenje kako kvalitetnih vježbe za

jačanje tijela, tako i efi kasne rehabilitacije (Sova, 1995).

Zaključak

Na osnovu dobijenih rezultata istraživanja može se zaključiti da adekvatno prilagođeni program plivanja

može biti vrlo efi kasan alat i potpora fi zikalnim terapijama u procesu korekcije posture kod dječaka škol-

skog uzrasta.

Ključne reči: transformacioni proces, kineziterapija, plivanje

Literatura

Getz, M., Hutzler, Y., Vermeer, A. (2006). Th e relationship between aquatic independence and gross motor

function in children with neuro-motor impairments.Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly 23:339-355.

Sova, R. (1995). Comment. Th e National Aqatics Journal. Indianapolis Vol. 11 (1) 8.

85

SWIMMING IN SUPPORT OF PHYSICAL THERAPY IN ORDER

TO CORRECT POSTURE IN CHILDREN

Aldvin Torlaković¹; Mirsad Muftić²; Roman Kebat¹

¹ Olympic Swimming Pool Centre Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina

²University of Sarajevo, Faculty of Health Studies, Bosnia and Herzegovina

Introduction

One of the important posture risk factors are general and postural habits, which are very variable, espe-

cially in children. In support of this fact is the fact of evident increase in the number of children with minor

or major deviations from the correct posture over the past few years. Th e aim of this study was to deter-

mine the eff ectiveness of swimming programs as a physical therapy aid in correcting posture in children

in elementary school.

Method

Th e research was conducted on a sample of 80 boys, 11,8±2,5 years of age, with bad posture diagnosed by

an expert examination. A swimming and hydro gymnastic program, as a physical therapy aid, was realized

over a period of 8 months. Th e study used 9 variables for the assessment of posture. In order to test the

hypothesis that during this period, a coordinated program of swimming, hydro and corrective gymnastics

had an improving impact on postural status, an analysis of the changes was conducted using a model of

diff erences. Th e analysis of diff erences in average values have been processed via t-test for paired samples.


Based on the t-test results, a high statistical signifi cance is clearly visible in all of the observed variables

for posture evaluation. In fact, there have been signifi cant changes in the values of variables: assessment

of head posture (ODGL p= .000); assessment of shoulder posture (ODRA p= .000); assessment of scapula

posture (ODLO p= .000); assessment of thorax posture (ODGRK p= .000); assessment of spinal column

posture (OKIS p= .000); assessment of abdomen posture (ODST p= .000); assessment of legs posture

(ONOG p= .000); feet condition (OSTO p= .000) and overall assessment of posture (UODTW p= .000).

Similar results were obtained in other studies (Getz et al., 2006), noting effi ciency of hydrotherapy as one

of the most commonly applied additional procedures in rehabilitation of children in whom a noticeable

deviation from the correct posture was diagnosed.

Th e results in this study confi rm previous observations that no other physical activity can have an eff ect

in humans as swimming does, and that water is a great tool that enables both high quality exercises for

strengthening the body as well as eff ective rehabilitation (Sova, 1995).

Conclusion

Based on the results obtained it can be concluded that adequately adapted swimming program can be a

highly eff ective tool and support for physical therapy in the process of correcting posture in school-age

boys.

Key words: transformational process, physical therapy, swimming

References1. Getz, M., Hutzler, Y., Vermeer, A. (2006). Th e relationship between aquatic independence and gross motor func-

tion in children with neuro-motor impairments. Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly 23:339-355.

2. Sova, R. (1995). Comment. Th e National Aquatics Journal. Indianapolis Vol. 11 (1) 8.

86

TERAPEUTSKO JAHANJE KONJA

KOD DECE SA LOŠIM DRŽANJEM

Nezabravka Gencheva, Darina Zaharieva

Nacionalna sportska akademija, Sofi ja, Bugarska

Uvod

Ciljevi terapije za ispravljanje posturalnih problema uključuju vrać anje obima pokreta, poveć anje fl eksibil-

nosti i jačanje slabih mišić a. Terapijsko jahanje je prijatan način lečenja. Trodimenzionalno kretanje konja

može eliminisati loše držanje. Cilj ovog rada je bio da se izmere promene kod dece sa nepravilnim držanjem

nakon učešć a u programu terapeutskog jahanja.

Metod

Studija je sprovedena u Sportskom centru jahanja “Han Asparuh” u Sofi ji. Dužina trajanja studije je 6 mes-

eci. Tu je održano 40 sesija sa 10-oro dece (tri dečaka i sedam devojčica) (prosečne starosti 8,5 godina) sa

nepravilnim držanjem. Koristili smo Matias test držanja i Bertoti test (Bertoti 1988) za evaluaciju položaja

tokom jahanja.


Došlo je do poboljšanja u rezultatima Matias testa držanja sa 24,6 sek., u početku na 28,5 sek. na kraju i do

promena u rezultatima Bertoti testa od 9,1 poena na početku do 14,1 poena na kraju. Ovi rezultati poka-

zuju da je terapijsko jahanje smanjilo nagib trupa kao i kifozu. Dorzum je ispravljen.

Zaključak

Program terapeutskog jahanja je izgradio nove motorne navike za održavanje ispravnog držanja.

Ključne reči: terapeutsko jahanje, držanje tela, Matias test, Bertoti test

Literatura1. Bertoti, D. B. (1988). Efekat terapijskog jahanja na držanje kod dece sa cerebralnom paralizom (Eff ect of therapeu-

tic horseback riding on posture in children with cerebral palsy). Physical Th erapy, 68:1505-1512; http://ptjournal.

apta.org/content/68/10/1505.long

2. Gencheva, N. (2007) Terapeutsko jahanje (Th erapeutic horsback riding) , BulIns, S. 2007

87

THERAPEUTIC HORSEBACK RIDING

IN CHILDREN WITH BAD POSTURE


National Sports Academy, Sofi a, Bulgaria

Introduction

Treatment goals for correcting postural problems include restoring range of motion, increasing fl exibility

and strengthening weak muscles. Th erapeutic riding is a pleasant way of treatment. Th e three-dimensional

movement of the horse can eliminate the bad posture. Th e purpose of this study was to measure changes

in children with bad posture after participation in a therapeutic horseback riding program.

Method

Th e study took place in Sports Riding Center “Han Asparuh” in Sofi a. Th e duration was 6 months. Th ere

were held 40 sessions with 10 children (three boys and sevent girls) (mean age 8,5 years) with bad posture.

We used the Matthiaß posture test and the Bertoti test (Bertoti 1988) for evaluating the posture during

horseback riding.


Th ere was improvement in the results of Matthiaß posture test from the 24,6 sec, in the beginning to 28,5

sec..in the end and the changes of Bertoti test were from 9,1 points in the begining to 14.1 points in the

end. Th ese results show that the therapeutic riding reduced trunk inclination as well the kyphosis. The

dorsum was straighten.

Conclusion

Th e program for Th erapeutic horseback riding built new motor habits for maintaining correct posture.

Key words: therapeutic horseback riding, posture, Matthiaß test, Bertoti test

References 1. Bertoti, D. B. (1988). Eff ect of therapeutic horseback riding on posture in children with cerebral palsy. Physical

Th erapy, 68:1505-1512; http://ptjournal.apta.org/content/68/10/1505.long

2. Gencheva, N. (2007) Th erapeutic horsback riding , BulIns, S. 2007

88

EFEKAT SCHROTH METODE NA DRŽANJE I DEVIJACIJU KIČME

KOD RITMIČKIH GIMNASTIČARKI

Darina Zaharieva, Nezabravka Gencheva

Odsek za fi zikalnu terapiju i rehabilitaciju, Nacionalna sportska akademija ‚‘V. Levski‘‘,

Sofi ja, Bugarska

Uvod

Ritmička gimnastika je olimpijski sport, uglavnom za žene. To je kombinacija baleta, gimnastike, pozorišne

igre, i igre sa rekvizitima. Ritmička gimnastika je sport koji zahteva složenu koordinaciju, hiper pokretlji-

vost zglobova, rani početak sportskih aktivnosti, mnogo treniranja i održavanje telesne težine niskom. To

su preduslovi za devijacije kičme kod gimnastičarki. Deformiteti kičmenog stuba mogu napredovati i to

je razlog da se primeni blagovremeno lečenje. U praksi fi zikalne terapije postoje razni načini i metode za

lečenje deformiteta kičme. Jedan od ovih metoda je Schroth metoda.

Metod

Prospektivno praćenje, izrada testa i ponovnog testa. U avgustu 2014. godine, posmatrani su držanje i

devijacije kičme kod 10 gimnastičarki starosti od 10 do 14 godina. Na ovim devojčicama primenjeno je 25

sesija fi zikalne terapije Schroth metode, sa cijem da se usklade fi ziološke krivine kičme. Somatoskopija (u

frontalnoj i sagitalnoj ravni dokumentovana standardizovanim snimcima) i klinički testovi za klasifi kovan-

je deformiteta kičmenog stuba i ocene držanja korišćeni su da bi se utvrdilo postojanje devijacija kičme i

držanja, kao i da bi se ostvarili rezultati terapije.


Pre eksperimenta 90% devojčica je imalo devijacije u frontalnoj i sagitalnoj ravni. Nakon eksperimenta 70%

gimnastičarki je imalo ovakve devijacije u odnosu na ravan. U početku 70% dece je imalo držanje tipa C

(loše), a na kraju ih je bilo 40%.

Zaključak

Primenjena fi zikalna terapija je poboljšala držanje kod 30% dece i smanjila broj kombinovanih devijacija

pravilnog držanja.

Naši rezultati preporučuju primenu Schroth metode kod gimnastičara sa posturalnim devijacijama kao

jedinu terapiju ili u kombinaciji sa drugim terapijama. Schroth metoda bi trebalo da se primenjuje duže

kako bi imala u većoj meri ujednačene rezultate.

Ključne reči: gimnastičarke, posturalne devijacije, Schroth metoda

Literatura1. Tanchev P, MD, Dzherov A., MD, Parushev A., MD, Popaa C., Dobrescua T., Female Gymnasts Th rough the Use

of Postural Reeducation Programs , “Vasile Alecsandri” University of Bacau,157 Mărăşeşti Street, Bacău, 600115,

Romania, ICSPEK 2013

2. Weiss HR. “Infl uence of an in-patient exercise program on scoliotic curve.” Italian Journal of Orthopedic

Traumatology, 1992;18(3):395-406.

89

EFFECT OF SCHROTH METHOD ON POSTURE AND SPINE DEVIATION

ON RHYTHMIC GYMNASTS


Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, National Sports Academy ‘’V. Levski’’,

Sofi a, Bulgaria

Introduction

Rhythmic Gymnastics is an Olympic sport, mainly for women. It is a combination of ballet, gymnastics,

theatrical dance, and play with the appliances. Rhythmic gymnastics is a sport that requires complex co-

ordination, hyper mobility of the joints, early onset of sports activity, train a lot and maintenance of a low-

weight. Th ese are the prerequisites for spine deviations among gymnasts. Spinal deformities can progress

and this is the reason to apply timely treatment. In physical therapy practice there are various means and

methods for treatment of spinal deformities. One of these methods is the Schroth method.

Method

Prospective study, test-retest design. In August 2014 10 female gymnasts from 10 to 14 years old were

observed for posture and spine deviations. physical therapy sessions of Schrot method were applied withA

these girls 25, aiming to harmonize the physiological curves of the spine. Somatoscopiya (in Frontal and

Sagittal Plane and documented with standardized photos) and clinical tests for classifying spine deformity

and posture evaluation were used to determine the existence of posture and spine deviation and objectify

results of therapy.


Before experiment 90% of girls had deviations in frontal and sagittal plane. After experiment 70% of gym-

nasts had deviations in to plane. In the beginning 70% of children had posture type C (poor), and at the

end it is 40%.

Conclusion

Th e applied physical therapy improved posture in 30% of children and reduced number of combined pos-

ture deviations.

Our results recommend applying of Schroth method in gymnasts with postural deviation as a sole therapy

or in combination with other therapies. Th e Schroth method should continue for longer in order to have

more even results.

Key words: gymnasts, posture deviations, Schroth method

References1. Tanchev P, MD, Dzherov A., MD, Parushev A., MD, Popaa C.,Dobrescua T., Female Gymnasts Th rough the Use

of Postural Reeducation Programs , “Vasile Alecsandri” University of Bacau,157 Mărăşeşti Street, Bacău, 600115,

Romania, ICSPEK 2013

2. Weiss HR. “Infl uence of an in-patient exercise program on scoliotic curve.” Italian Journal of Orthopedic

Traumatology, 1992;18(3):395-406.

90

KOGNITIVNE STRATEGIJE U KONSTRUKCIJI

MOTORIČKOG ZNANJA DECE

SA RAZVOJNIM POREMEĆAJEM KOORDINACIJE

Dejan Savičević¹, Dejan Suzović²

¹Visoka škola strukovnih studija za vaspitače i poslovne informatičare, Sremska Mitrovica, Srbija

²Univerzitet u Beogradu, Fakultet sporta i fi zičkog vaspitanja, Beograd, Srbija

Uvod

Cilj istraživačkog rada je da se utvrdi u kojoj meri model kognitivne strategije usmeren na konstrukciju

motoričkih znanja dece sa razvojnim poremećajem koordinacije (DCD) doprinosi motoričkom postignuću

u odnosu na konvencionalni pedagoški model u fi zičkom vaspitanju (Kirby & Sugden, 2007).

Metod

Primenom kratke forme Bruininks-Oseretsky BOT -2 testa u istraživanje je uključeno desetoro dece

8 ± 1,13 decimalnih godina, sa ukupnim postignutim motoričkim koefi cijentom manjim od 20 bo-

dova. Uzorak je bio podeljen na eksperimentalnu grupu E (N=5) čiji je tretman zasnovan na etapnoj

kognitivnoj intervenciji, reedukaciji motoričkih obrazaca, analitičkom pristupu i monitoringu motoričkog

ponašanja i kontrolnu grupu K (N=5) u kojoj je motoričko učenje zasnovano na sintetičkom pristupu,

a aktivnost orijentisana na precizno tehničko izvođenje motoričkog zadatka. Merne instrumente za

procenu koordinacije činio je poligon natraške, slalom sa tri medicinke, i test trčanje i valjanje. Tretmani

su realizovani u toku 12 nedelja, a edukativne sekvence su primenjivane dva puta nedeljno po 45 minuta.


Primenom t-testa je dobijena statistička značajnost između grupa u smislu boljih rezultata eksperimentalne

grupe u testu poligon natraške t(8) =3,21, p < .05 i slalom sa tri medicinke t(8) = 2,49, p< .05. Rezultati

istraživanja ukazuju da učenici mogu značajno poboljšati motorički status individualnim pristupom

zasnovanom na verbalnom fokusu, samoregulacijom i evaluacijom motoričkog postignuća (Missiuna,

et al 2012). Eksperimentalni asocijacioni tretman zasnovan na kognitivnoj orijentaciji na izvođenje

lokomotorne aktivnosti i dinamičkoj analizi motoričkih formi dovodi do poboljšanja komponenti pažnje

i razumevanja značenja kinematičkog sadržaja kao i samoidentifi kacije motoričkog kapaciteta dece sa

razvojnim poremećajem koordinacije.

Zaključak

Primenjujući koncept globalne kognitivne strategije i specifi čnih dinamičkih analiza u rešavanju motoričkih

zadataka, omogućava se sinteza i integracija biotičkih motoričkih engrama, njihova generalizacija i pozi-

tivan transfer.

Ključne reči: razvojni poremećaji, motoričko učenje, samoregulacija, kognitivna intervencija

Literatura1. Kirby, A. & Sugden, D. (2007). Children with developmental coordination disorders J R Soc Med. 100(4), 182–186.

2. Missiuna, C., Pollock, N., Campbell, W., Bennett, S., Hecimovich, C., Gaines, R., DeCola, C., Cairney, J., Russell,

D. & Molinaro, E. (2012). Partnering for change: an innovative school-based occupational therapy service deliv-

ery model for children with developmental coordination disorder. . Canadian Journal of Occupational Th erapy,

,79(1),41-50.

91

COGNITIVE STRATEGIES IN THE CONSTRUCTION

OF MOTOR KNOWLEDGE OF CHILDREN

WITH DEVELOPMENTAL COORDINATION DISORDER

Dejan Savicevic¹, Dejan Suzovic²

¹Preschool Teacher Training and Business Informatics College, Sremska Mitrovica, Serbia

²University of Belgrade, Faculty of Sports and Physical Education, Belgrade, Serbia

Introduction

Th e aim of the research paper is to defi ne the extent to which cognitive strategies model focused on the

construction of motor knowledge of children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) contrib-

utes to motor achievement in comparison to conventional educational model of physical education (Kirby

& Sugden, 2007).

Method

By using the short form of Bruininks-Oseretsky BOT-2 the research included ten children aged 8 ± 1.13

decimal years, with total motor coeffi cient lower than 20 points. Th e sample was divided into an experi-

mental group E (N= 5) whose treatment was based on phased cognitive intervention, analytical approach

and monitoring of motor behaviour and control group C (N = 5) in which motor learning was based on

synthetic approach and activity was oriented to correct technical performance of a motor task. Measur-

ing instruments for coordination assessment consisted of a backward obstacle course, slalom with three

medicine balls and running and rolling test. Treatments were realized during 12 weeks, and educational

sequences were applied twice a week for 45 minutes.


By using t-test statistical signifi cance between the groups in terms of better results of experimental group

in polygon backwards test t(8) =3,21, p < .05 and slalom with three medicine balls t(8) = 2,49, p< .05. was

shown. Research fi ndings show that motor status of children can be signifi cantly improved by individual

approach based on verbal focus, self-regulation and evaluation of motor achievement (Missiuna, et, al

2012). Experimental and associative treatment based on cognitive orientation on locomotor activity per-

formance and dynamical analysis of motor forms brings to improvement of attention components and

understanding of kinematic content as well as to self-identifi cation of motor capacity of children of devel-

opmental coordination disorder.

Conclusion

Synthesis and integration of biotic motor engrams, their generalization and positive transfer are achieved

due to the concept of global cognitive strategies and specifi c dynamic analysis in the performance of motor

tasks.

Key words: developmental disorders, motor learning, self-regulation, cognitive intervention

References1. Kirby, A. & Sugden, D. (2007). Children with developmental coordination disorders J R Soc Med. 100(4), 182–186.

2. Missiuna, C., Pollock, N., Campbell, W., Bennett, S., Hecimovich, C., Gaines, R., DeCola, C., Cairney, J., Rus-

sell, D. & Molinaro, E. (2012). Partnering for change: an innovative school-based occupational therapy service

delivery model for children with developmental coordination disorder. . Canadian Journal of Occupational Th er-

apy,79(1),41-50.

92

EFEKTI KOMBINOVANOG PROGRAMA VEŽBANJA

NA FITNES KOMPONENTE ODRASLIH OSOBA

SA CEREBRALNOM PARALIZOM

Luka Jovanović1, Marko Aleksandrović1, Bojan Jorgić1, Mehmet Ozsari2,3,4, Duran Arslan2,3

1 Univerzitet u Nišu, Fakultet sporta i fi zičkog vaspitanja, Niš Srbija2Nacionalna sportska akademija „Vasil Levski“, Sofi ja, Bugarska

3Istanbulski gradski sportski klub, Istanbul, Turska4Turska asocijacija „Sport za sve“, Turska

Uvod

Pod uticajem fi zičkih aktivnosti i vežbi može se menjati fi zičko stanje osoba sa cerebralnom paralizom

(Rosenbaum, 2003; ACSM, 2006). Cilj ovog istraživanja je utvrđivanje efekata vežbi snage i plivanja na

fi tnes komponente osoba sa cerebralnom paralizom.

Metod

Uzorak ispitanika su činile 11 osoba sa cerebralnom uzrasta od 18 do 30 godina iz Niša. Uzorak varijabli se

sastojao iz 15 varijabli fi tnes komponenti. Za analizu efekata programa korišćen Studentov T-test za male

zavisne uzorke. Eksperimentalni program je trajao šest nedelja sa učestalošću fi zičke aktivnosti dva puta

nedeljno sa smenjivanjem treninga u bazenu i u teretani. Vremensko trajanje treninga bilo je 45 minuta.

Rezulati sa diskusijom

Na osnovu rezultata, može se zaključiti da predloženi program nije dovoljan da bi se dobile statistički

značajne razlike kod ispitivanih fi tnes komponenti odraslih osoba sa cerebralnom.

Zaključak

Međutim, poznata je činjenica da odrasle osobe sa cerebralnom paralizom nemaju nivo fi tnes kompon-

enata na istom nivou kao osobe bez invaliditeta. Isto tako, organizacija fi zičkih aktivnosti osoba sa invali-

ditetom jako kompleksna. Zato je ovakav program koji održava fi tnes sposobnosti osoba sa cerebralnom

paralizom se može smatrati uspešnim.

Ključne reči: cerebralna paraliza, fi zičko vežbanje, fi tnes komponente

Literatura

1. АCSM’s, (2006), ACSM’s resource manual for guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription 5th ed. Baltimore:

Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

2. Rosenbaum, P. (2003). Cerebral Palsy: What parents and doctors wan to know? BMJ, 326 (7396), 970-974.

93

EFFECTS ON COMBINED EXERCISE PROGRAM

ON FITNESS COMPONENTS OF ADULTS

WITH CEREBRAL PALSY

Luka Jovanovic1, Marko Aleksandrovic1, Bojan Jorgic1, Mehmet Ozsari2,3,4, Duran Arslan2,3

1 University of Nis, Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, Nis Serbia2National Sports Academy “Vasil Levski”, Sofi a, Bulgaria

3Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality Sports Club, Istanbul, Turkey4Turkish Association “Sport for All”, Turkey

Introduction

Under the infl uence of physical activity and exercise the physical condition of a person with cerebral palsy

can alter (Rosenbaum, 2003; ACSM, 2006). Th e aim of this study was to determine the eff ects of strength

exercises and swimming in the fi tness components of a person with cerebral palsy.

Method

Th e sample consisted of 11 people with cerebral aged 18 to 30 years from Nis. Th e sample of variables con-

sisted of 15 variables fi tness components. To analyze the eff ects of the program, the student T-test for small

dependent samples was used. Experimental program lasted six weeks with physical activity twice a week,

and involved training in the pool and in the gym. Duration of training was 45 minutes.


Based on the results, it can be concluded that the proposed program is not suffi cient to obtain statistically

signifi cant diff erences in the studied fi tness components adults with cerebral.

Conclusion

However, it is a fact that adults with cerebral palsy do not have the level of fi tness components at the same

level as non-disabled people. Likewise, the organization of physical activity of people with disabilities is

very complex. Th at is why this program that maintains fi tness abilities of persons with cerebral palsy can

be considered successful.

Key words: cerebral palsy, physical exercise, fi tness components.

References

1. АCSM’s, (2006), ACSM’s resource manual for guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription 5th ed. Baltimore:

Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

2. Rosenbaum, P. (2003). Cerebral Palsy: What parents and doctors wan to know? BMJ, 326 (7396), 970-974.

94

EFEKTI FIZIČKE AKTIVNOSTI NA AEROBNI SPOSOBNOSTI DECE SA

CEREBRALNOM PARALIZOM: SISTEMATSKI PREGLED

Miljan Hadžović1, Predrag Jelenković1, Marko Aleksandrović1,Bojan Jorgić1,

Mehmet Ozsari2,3,4, Duran Arslan2,3

1 Univerzitet u Nišu, Fakultet sporta i fi zičkog vaspitanja, Niš Srbija2Nacionalna sportska akademija “Vasil Levski”, Sofi ja, Bugarska

3Istanbulski sportski klub, Istanbul, Turska4Turkska asocijacija “Sport za sve”, Turska

Uvod

Cilj rada je da se istraže efekti fi zičkih aktivnosti na aerobni kapacitet kod dece sa cerebralnom paralizom.

Metod

Pretražene su sledeće baze podataka: PubMed/Medline, Pedro, SCIndeks,DOAJ; i to za period od 2000.

do 2012. godine. Korišćene su sledeće ključne reči: aerobni kapacitet, decu, fi zičku aktivnost i sportske

aktivnosti. Prihvaćeni članci su morali ispuniti dva kriterijuma: da istraživanje ima eksperimentalni i kon-

trolnu grupu i da ispitanici imaju od 7 do 15 godina.


Brojni članci su isključene na osnovu nekoliko kriterijuma, preostalih pet radovi ispunili postavljene kriter-

ijume. Mali broj radova prikupljenih za analizu pokazuje defi cit informacija preuzet iz naučnih istraživanja

u vezi sa ciljem sitraživanja.

Zaključak

Može se zaključiti da postoji pozitivan efekat fi zičke aktivnosti na aerobne sposobnosti na decu sa cerebral-

nom paralizom. Takođe, na osnovu rezultata, može se predložiti da programi za pomenutu populaciju bi

trebalo da traju najmanje 12 nedelja sa učestalošću od dva treninga sedmično.

Ključne reči: aerobic capacity, children, physical activity, sports activity.

Literatura

1. Laskin, J.J. (2003). Cerebral palsy. In ACSM’s Exercise management for persons with chronic diseases and disabili-

ties (pp.288-294). Champaign: Human Kinetics.

2. Lockette, K.F., & Keyes, A.M. (1994). Conditioning with physical disabilities. Champaign: Human Kinetics.

95

EFFECTS OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY ON AEROBIC CAPACITIES OF CHILDREN

WITH CEREBRAL PALSY: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Miljan Hadzovic1, Predrag Jelenkovic1, Marko Aleksandrovic1,Bojan Jorgic1,

Mehmet Ozsari2,3,4, Duran Arslan2,3

1 University of Nis, Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, Nis Serbia2National Sports Academy “Vasil Levski”, Sofi a, Bulgaria

3Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality Sports Club, Istanbul, Turkey4Turkish Association “Sport for All”, Turkey

Introduction

Th e goal of the paper is to estimate the physical exercise eff ects on aerobic capacity in children with cere-

bral palsy.

Method

Following databases were searched: PubMed /Medline, PEDro, SCIndeks, DOAJ; for period of publishing

2000 to 2012; following key words were used: aerobic capacity, children, physical activity and sports ac-

tivity. Accepted articles had to meet two criteria: the research have experimental and control groups and

subjects are aged 7 – 15.


Numbers of articles are excluded based on several criteria, the remaining fi ve papers met the set criteria.

A small number of papers collected for analysis showed a defi cit of information retrieved from scientifi c

research regarding the goal.

Conclusion

It could be conclude, there is a positive eff ect of physical activity on aerobic fi tness at children with cerebral

palsy. It could be prescript, that exercise programs should last at least 12 weeks, two sessions/week to be

benefi cial for mentioned population.

Key words: аerobic capacity, children, physical activity, sports activity.

References1. Laskin, J.J. (2003). Cerebral palsy. In ACSM’s Exercise management for persons with chronic diseases and disabili-

ties (pp.288-294). Champaign: Human Kinetics.

2. Lockette, K.F., & Keyes, A.M. (1994). Conditioning with physical disabilities. Champaign: Human Kinetics.

96

97

SESIJA 5

BIOMEDICINSKI ASPEKTI

PRIMENE FIZIČKE AKTIVNOSTI

SESSION 5

BIOMEDICAL ASPECTS

OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY APPLICATION

98

POVREDE U RVANJU I DŽUDOU

Goran Kasum, Slobodan Rajevac

Univerzitet u Beogradu, Fakultet sporta i fi zičkog vaspitanja, Beograd, Srbija

Uvod

Rvanje i džudo su borilački sportovi u kojima sportisti mogu zadobiti različite vrste povreda. Cilj ovog

rada je da se uporede povrede rvača i džudista, ali i da se uoče delovi tela koji su najviše izloženi povreda-

ma, kao i da se istraži koji vidovi terapije se najčešće primenjuju u oporavku.

Metod

Istraživanje je sprovedeno na uzorku od 40 sportista, od kojih je 20 rvača i 20 džudista. Prikupljanje poda-

taka je realizovano tako što su sportisti popunili upitnik sa 31 pitanjem. Pitanja u upitniku odnose se na lo-

kalitet povreda (gornji i na donji ekstremiteti, glava, trup), na vrstu povreda (prelom, posekotina, povreda

mišića), kao i vid terapije koji su sportisti primenjivali u oporavku.

Rezultati istraživanja

Čak 90% anketiranih rvača prijavilo je da su imali neku povredu, dok je svega 10% rvača tvrdilo da nisu

doživeli nikakvu povredu. Za razliku od rvača, svi anketirani džudisti doživeli su neku od sportskih povre-

da. Povrede su i kod rvača i kod džudista podjednako zastupljene na gornjim i na donjim ekstremitetima,

a uglavnom su prouzrokovane direktnim ili indirektnim delovanjem mehaničke sile na određeni deo tela,

pritiskom ili istezanjem, a u nekim slučajevima i kombinovano. Prelomi kostiju zabeleženi su kod 20%

rvača i 35% džudista, a prelomi su ravnomerno zastupljeni na gornjim i donjim ekstremitetima.

Zaključak

Na osnovu dobijenih rezultata veliki je procenat povređenih sportista u oba sporta. Povrede koje su sporti-

sti zadobili uglavnom su lake, ali u se manjem procentu javljaju i teže povrede u vidu preloma, zbog čega je

neophodno razviti čitavu muskulaturu kod sportiste. Oporavak mora biti potpun kako se ne bi rizikovalo

da dođe do još većeg povređivanja.

Ključne reči: prelom, posekotina, povreda mišića, oporavak

Literatura1. Bojović, S. (1983). Rvanje – Slobodan stil, Beograd: Sportska knjiga.

99

INJURIES IN WRESTLING AND JUDO



Introduction

Wrestling and judo are martial art sports in which diff erent kinds of injuries may occur. Th e aims of this

work are the following: to compare the injuries of wrestlers and judokas, to observe which body parts are

most exposed to injuries, and to investigate which types of therapy are most often used in recovery.

Method

Th e research has been conducted on the sample of 40 athletes, of which half are wrestlers and half judokas.

Th e data were gathered through a survey in which the athletes answered 31 questions. Th e questions were

related to the locality of injures (upper and lower extremities, head, torso), the kinds of injuries (fractures,

cuts, muscle injuries), as well as the types of therapy used in recovery.


As much as 90% of the surveyed wrestlers have reported some sort of injury, while 10% reported no injury

at all. In contrast, all of the surveyed judokas reported some sort of injury. Among both wrestlers and ju-

dokas, the injuries are equally most frequent in lower and upper extremities, most often caused by direct

or indirect action of mechanical force on a body part, due to pressure or stretching, and sometimes the

combination of both. Bone fractures are documented in 20% of the wrestlers and 35% of judokas and they

are equally distributed in the lower and upper extremities.

Conclusion

According to the results, high percentage of injuries occurs in both sports. Mostly, the injuries are not se-

vere. But because of the certain low percentage of severe injuries, such as bone fractures, it is necessary to

develop, strengthen the entire musculature of an athlete. Th e recovery has to be complete in order to avoid

risks of new and more severe injuries.

Key words: fractures, cuts, muscle injuries, recovery

References1. Bojović, S. (1983). Wrestling - Free style. Belgrade: Sports book.

100

UTICAJ MASAŽE LEDOM NA ODREĐENE BIOHEMIJSKE PARAMETRE

KOD RVAČA U VEZI SA OPORAVKOM

Bilal Demirhan1, Mehmet Günay2

1Univerzitet OndokuzMayis, Fakultet sporta Yasar Dogu, Samsun, Turska 2 Univerzitet Gazi, Odsek za fi zičku kulturu i sport Ankara, Turska

Uvod

Cilj ove studije je bio da ispita uticaj masaže ledom na određene biohemijske parametre kod rvača u vezi

sa oporavkom.

Metod

Četrnaest elitnih muškaraca rvača koji su članovi turskog nacionalnog tima su korišćeni kao subjekti u

studiji. Ispitanici su bili podeljeni u dve grupe: eksperimentalnu i kontrolnu grupu. Obe grupe učestvovale

su u pet rvačkih takmičenja tokom dana sa različitim intervalima odmora. Masaža ledom je bila prime-

njena u eksperimentalnoj grupi između svakog takmičenja u trajanju od 8 minuta, dok je kontrolna grupa

dobila 8 min. redovne masaže između svakog takmičenja. Uzorci krvi (5cc) su uzeti tri puta iz obe grupe

pre takmičenja, i posle 3. i 5. takmičenja. Nakon centrifugiranja na 5000rpm, serum je izdvojen od uzoraka

krvi i analizirani su mioglobin i vrednosti kreatinkinaze. Rad srca subjekata, vrednosti laktata i tempera-

ture merene su ukupno 10 puta pre i posle svakog takmičenja.


Nakon svakog od pet rvačkih takmičenja, mioglobin, CK, rad srca i vrednosti laktata kod eksperimentalne i

kontrolne grupe bile su značajno povećane (P<0,05). Telesna temperatura kod ispitanika nije značajno bila

uslovljena takmičenjima kod eksperimentalne i kontrolne grupe (P> 0,05). Osam minuta masaže ledom

tokom odmora između takmičenja značajno je spustilo nivo mioglobina i CK u eksperimentalnoj grupi

u odnosu na kontrolnu grupu (P<0,05). Rad srca i temperatura tela eksperimentalne grupe su značajno

smanjeni za samo 30 i 15 min. perioda odmora u odnosu na kontrolnu grupu, dok je nivo laktata eks-

perimentalne grupe u značajnoj meri smanjen za samo 15 minuta perioda odmora u odnosu na kontrolnu

grupu dejstvom masaže ledom (P <0,05). Studija (Stanley i sar. 2011) proučava 60 minuta veoma inten-

zivnih vežbi biciklom. Deset minuta tretmana hladnom vodom je primenjeno nakon treninga kod eksperi-

mentalne grupe i oni su upoređeni sa netretiranim subjektima. Kao rezultat toga, primećeno je povećanje

srčanog izlaza od 50 procenata i smatra se da se to dogodilo usled vazokonstrikcije izazvane hladnim

tretmanom. U studiji (Buchheit, i sar. 2008), deset sportista je radilo supra-maksimalne biciklističke vežbe,

dva puta svaki, u trajanju od pet minuta. Hladan tretman doveo je do brže normalizacije rada srca i veće

performanse kod sportista.

Zaključak

Kao rezultat, masaža ledom primenjena na rvačima između intervala je efi kasna u sprečavanju oštećenja

mišića izazvanih vežbanjem. Takođe, 30 i 15 minuta masaže ledom tokom intervala odmora je efi kasno

u normalizaciji rada srca i telesne temperature zajedno sa smanjenjem nivoa laktata za samo 15 minuta

tokom intervala odmora.

Ključne reči: rvanje, oporavak, masaža ledom

Literatura 1. Stanley, J. Buchheit, M. Peake, J.M. (2011).Uticaj hidroterapije posle vežbanja na učinak u kasnijem vežbanju i na

varijabilnost srčane frekvencije (Th e Eff ect of Post-ExerciseHydrotherapy on SubsequentExercisePerformance-

andHeart Rate Variability). Eur J ApplPhysiol, 112: 951-961.

2. Buchheit, M. Peiff er, J.J. Abbiss, C.R. Laursen, P.B. (2008). Efekat uranjanja u hladnu vodu na

parasimpatičkureaktivaciju posle vežbanja (Eff ect Of ColdWaterİmmersion on PostexerciseParasympatheticRe-

activation).Am J PhysiolHeartCircPhysiol, 296(2):H421-7.

101

EFFECT OF ICE MASSAGE ON SOME BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS

OF WRESTLERS IN RELATION WITH THE RECOVERY

Bilal Demirhan1, Mehmet Günay2

1Ondokuz Mayis University, YasarDogu Faculty of Sport Sciences, Samsun, Turkey2Gazi University, Department of Physical Education and Sports Ankara, Turkey

Introduction

Th is study was aimed to investigate the Eff ect of Ice Massage on Some Biochemical Parameters of wrestlers

in relation with the recovery.

Method

Fourteen elite men wrestlers who are member of Turkish national team were used as subjects in the study.

Th e subjects were randomly divided into two groups: experimental and control groups. Both groups par-

ticipated in fi ve wrestling contests throughout the day with diff erent rest intervals. Ice massage was applied

to the experimental group between each contest for 8 minutes while the control group received 8 min

of regular massage between each contest. Blood samples (5cc) were taken three times from both groups

before the competition and after 3rd and 5th, after the competition. After centrifuging at 5000 rpm, the

serum separated from blood samples, and myoglobin and creatin kinase values were analyzed. Subjects’

heart rates, lactate values and temperatures were measured total of 10 times before and after each contest.


After each of fi ve wrestling contest, experimental and control groups’ myoglobin, CK, heart rate and lac-

tate levels were increased signifi cantly (P<0.05). Body temperature of the subjects were not signifi cantly

aff ected by competition for the experimental and the control group (P>0.05). Eight minutes of ice massage

during rest between the contests lowered experimental group’s myoglobin and CK levels signifi cantly

compared to the control group (P<0.05). Heart rate and body temperature of the experimental group were

decreased signifi cantly only 30 and 15 min of rest periods compared to control group while lactate level of

the experimental group were decreased signifi cantly only 15 min of rest periods compared to the control

group with the infl uence of the ice massage( P <0.05). In (Stanley, et al.2011) study, 60 minutes of high-

intensity cycling exercise. Ten minutes of cold water were applied after the training for experiment group

and they were compared with untreated subjects. As a result, a 50 percent increase in cardiac output was

observed and this is considered because of vasoconstriction caused by cold treatment. (Buchheit, et al.

2008) study, ten male athletes performed supramaximal cycling exercise twice each taking for fi ve minutes.

Cold application led to faster recovery in heart ratesand higher performance in athletes.

Conclusion

As a result, ice massage applied to wrestlers between intervals is eff ective in preventing muscle damage

caused by exercise. Also, the 30 and 15 minutes of ice massage during rest intervals are eff ective in re-

duction of heart rate and body temperature besides reducing the level of lactate only 15 min during rest

intervals.

Key words: Wrestling, Recovery, Ice massage

References 1. Stanley, J. Buchheit, M. Peake, J.M. (2011).Th e Eff ect of Post-Exercise Hydrotherapy on Subsequent Exercise Per-

formance and Heart Rate Variability. Eur J ApplPhysiol, 112: 951 -961.

2. Buchheit, M. Peiff er, J.J. Abbiss, C.R. Laursen, P.B. (2008). Eff ect Of Cold Water İmmersion on Postexercise Para-

sympathetic Reactivation.Am J Physiol Heart CircPhysiol, 296(2):H421-7.

102

UTICAJ SPECIFIČNOG TRENINGA NA TELESNU KOMPOZICIJU

I MOTORIČKE SPOSOBNOSTI

KOD OSOBA ŽENSKOG POLA OD 18 50. GODINE ŽIVOTA

Marija Macura1, Ivan Ćirković2

¹Univerzitet u Beogradu, Fakultet sporta i fi zičkog vaspitanja, Beograd, Srbija

Uvod

Zbog specifi čnosti testiranih grupa vežbača, različitog uzrasta i nivoa treniranosti u obzir su uzeti isključivo

uticaji na osnovne parametre telesnog sastava i osnovne motoričke sposobnosti u rekreativnom vežbanju.

Metod

Uzorak ispitanika je činilo 20 osoba ženskog pola prosečne starosti 34,2 ± 11,2 (18-50 godina). Uzorak vari-

jabli je podeljen u dva bloka – procena telesne kompozicije je vršena vagom Tanita BC-587 ( TM - telesna

masa, TMA - telesna mast, MM - mišićna masa i OS - obim struka, ONT - obim natkolenice i OND - obim

nadlaktice) i procenu motoričkih sposobnosti kroz pet motoričkih testova u kojima je testirana SSN -

statička snaga nogu, IUSR - izdržljivost u snazi ruku, ramenog pojasa i grudnih mišića, IUSN - izdržljivost

u snazi mišića nogu, IUSS - izdržljivost u snazi stomačnih mišića i BKAO - brzinu, koordinaciju, agilnost

i okretnost. Istraživački podaci su obrađivani i dobijani korišćenjem deskriptivne statistike i t – testom za

zavisne uzorke u okviru 8 - nedeljnog mezociklusa. Učestalost i obim rada je bio 3 puta nedeljno u trajanju

od 60 – 75 minuta. Trenažna procedura je vršena u aerobno - anaerobnoj zoni 50 - 80% MFS (maksimalna

frekvencija srca).


Deskriptivni podaci su prikazali određenu dinamiku promene telesne kompozicije pod uticajem

specifi čne trenažne procedure u odnosu na inicijalno i fi nalno testiranje. Pre svega je došlo do sman-

jenja TM1 (73,46±12.02) TM2 (68,46±11,37 kg), smanjenja TMA1 (32,95±4,90) TMA2 (29,76±4,89

%), povećanja MM1 (43,68±4,01) MM2 (44,08±4,08 kg) i smanjenja OS (82,90±8,42 – 77,25±7,26 cm),

povećanja ONT (56,65±5,68 - 57,07±4,35 cm) i smanjenja OND (30,02±4,22 – 29,27±3,58 cm). Statistička

značajnost je dobijena u parametrima TM (p=0,000), TF (p=0,000) ,TMI (p=0,017) ,OS(p=0,000) i ONT

(p=0,006). Deskriptivni podaci u testiranju motoričkih sposobnosti su prikazali dinamiku promena u SSN1

(76,65±37,44) SSN2 (82,30±35,91 sec.), IUSR1 (26,90±9,67) IUSR2 (30,60±9,74 rep.), IUSN1 (51,90±16,22)

IUSN2 (54,75±17,80 rep.), IUSS1 (35,10±6,38 ) IUSS2 (36,25±6,92 sec.), BKAO1 (10,90±2,75) i BKAO2

(11,60±2,56 sec.). Statistička značajnost je dobijena u parametrima SSN (p=0,000) i IUSR (p=0,000).

Zaključak

Nakon primenjene trenažne procedure statistička značajnost promena telesne kompozicije je dobijena na

pet od šest merenih varijabli (TM, MM, TMA, OS i ONT), a što se tiče testiranja motoričkih sposobnosti

statistička značajnost je dobijena na dve od pet merenih varijabli (SSN i IUSR). Prikazane promene pred-

stavljaju uspešnost trenažne procedure kao i priliku za njeno unapređenje u rekreativnom vežbanju osoba

ženskog pola.

Ključne reči : trenažna procedura, telesna masa, telesna mast, mišićno tkivo

Literatura1. Koprivica, K.V. (2002). Metode, sredstva i opterećenja u sportskom treningu. Vrste metoda treninga. Osnove

sportskog treninga. Beograd : Fakultet sporta i fi zičkog vaspitanja, Univerzitet u Beogradu.

2. Macura, M.M. (2008). Uvod u funkcionalna testiranja. Funkcionalni testovi. Osnove sportske medicine – Prakti-

kum. Beograd : Fakultet sporta i fi zičkog vaspitanja, Univerzitet u Beogradu.

103

EFFECTS OF SPECIFIC TRAINING ON BODY COMPOSITION

AND MOTOR SKILLS

IN FEMALES AGED 1850

Marija Macura¹, Ivan Ćirković²

¹University of Belgrade, Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, Belgrade, Serbia

Introduction

Due to specifi city of tested groups of exercisers, diff erent ages and their fi tness level, only the eff ects on ba-

sic parameters of body composition and basic motor skills in recreational training are taken into account.

Method

20 female subjects of average age of 34,2 ± 11,2 (18-50) were involved. Measured characteristics were di-

vided into two segments – evaluation of body composition was performed with Tanita BC – 587 scale (BM

- body mass, BF - body fat, MM – muscle mass and WC - waist circumference, TC - thighs circumference

and UAC - upper arm circumference) and evaluation of motor skills through fi ve motoric tests in which

SSL - static strength of legs, ESA – endurance in strength of arms, shoulders, pectoral muscles, ESLM –

endurance in strength of leg muscles, ESAM – endurance in strength of abdominal muscles, as well as SCA

- speed, coordination and agility were tested. Research data are processed and gained using descriptive

statistics and T- test for dependent samples during the 8-week mesocycle. Frequency and scope of work

was 3 times a week for 60 -75 minutes. Th e training procedure was executed in aerobic - anaerobic zone

50 – 80% MHR (maximum heart rate).


Descriptive data showed certain dynamics of body composition changes aff ected by specifi c training pro-

cedure in regard to initial and fi nal testing. Primarily, it led to reduction of BM1 (73,46±12.02), BM2

(68,46±11,37 kg), reduction of BF1 (32,95±4,90) BF2 (29,76±4,89 %), increase of MM1 (43,68±4,01)

MM2 (44,08±4,08 kg) and reduction of WC (82,90±8,42 – 77,25±7,26 cm), increase of TC (56,65±5,68 -

57,07±4,35 cm) and reduction of UAC (30,02±4,22 – 29,27±3,58 cm). Statistical signifi cance was gained

in parameters BM (p=0,000), BF (p=0,000), MM (p=0,017), WC (p=0,000) i TC (p=0,006). Descriptive

data in motor skills testing showed dynamics of changes in SSL1 (76,65±37,44) SSL2 (82,30±35,91 sec.),

ESA1 (26,90±9,67) ESA2 (30,60±9,74 rep.), ESLM1 (51,90±16,22) ESLM2 (54,75±17,80 rep.), ESAM1

(35,10±6,38 ) ESAM2 (36,25±6,92 sec.), SCA1 (10,90±2,75) and SCA2 (11,60±2,56 sec.). Statistical signifi -

cance was gained in parameters SSL (p=0,000) and ESA (p=0,000).

Conclusion

Following the applied training procedure, statistical signifi cance of body composition changes was gained

in fi ve out of six measured characteristics (BM, MM, BF, WC and TC) and as for the testing of motor

skills, statistical signifi cance was gained in two out of fi ve measured characteristics (SSL and ESA). Shown

changes represent the success of the training procedure, as well as an opportunity to advance recreational

training of females.

Key words: training procedure, body mass, body fat, muscle mass

References1. Koprivica, K.V. (2002). Methods, Means and Lods in Sport Training. Training method types. Introduction to

Sports Training. Belgrade: Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Belgrade.

2. Macura, M.M. (2008). Introduction to Functional Testing. Functional tests. Introduction to Sports Medicine –

Practicum. Belgrade: Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Belgrade.

104

OSETLJIVOST NOVIH INDEKSA ZA PROCENU SASTAVA TELA

U FUNKCIJI UZRASTA KOD ŽENA

Slađana Rakić1, Milivoj Dopsaj1, Marina Đorđević-Nikić1

1 Univerzitet u Beogradu, Fakultet sporta i fi zičkog vaspitanja, Beograd, Srbija

Uvod

Praćenje telesnog sastava kod žena različitog uzrasta je važno sa ciljem kontrole kao jednog od pokazatel-

ja opšteg zdravstvenog stanja. Moderan, dominantno sedentaran, način života doprinosi smanjenju fi zičke

aktivnosti i povećava energetski unos što dovodi do stanja gojaznosti. Ova pojava je učestalija sa porastom

broja godina. Cilj ovog rada je da se utvrdi osetljivost 4 nova indeksa sa kojima je moguće vršiti strukturnu

procenu telesnog sastava kod žena u funkciji uzrasta.

Metod

Uzorak ispitanika se sastojao od 543 žene koje su zaposlene, uzrasta 20-59.9 godina, koje su bile podeljene

u 4 grupe i to: od 20.-29.9, 30-39.9, 40-49.9 i 50-59.9. Merenje telesnog sastava obavljeno je neinvazivnom

metodom multikanalne biolektrične impedance - In Body 720 u istraživačkoj labaratoriji Fakulteta sporta

i fi zičkog vaspitanja u Beogradu. Praćene varijable (FFMI – fat free mass index, MMI - muscle mass index,

PFI - protein fat index, FMI - fat mass index) predstavljene su deskriptivnom statistikom, a za utvrđivanje

postojanja razlika između grupa korišćeni su ANOVA i T-test.


Deskriptivni podaci su pokazali da su prosečne vrednosti praćenih varijabli - FFMI1 = 16.11±1.36, FFMI2

= 16.67±1.41, FFMI3 = 16.96±1.43, FFMI4 = 16.81±1.41kg*m-2; MMI1 = 8.83±0.84, MMI2 = 9.16±1.03,

MMI3 = 9.30±0.87, MMI4 = 9.17±0.86 kg*m-2; PFI1 = 0.61±0.23, PFI2 = 0.61±0.36, PF3 = 0.47±0.20, PF4

= 0.38±0.12 kg/kg; FMI1 = 6.14±3.28, FMI2 = 6.50±3.11, FMI3 = 8.27±3.87, FMI4 = 9.63±3.23 kg*m-2. Na

parcijalnom nivou, rezultati su pokazali da postoji statistički značajna razlika između grupa u svakom in-

deksu: FFMI (F = 8.383, p = .000), MMI (F = 5.975, p = .001), PFI (F = 21.394, p = .000) i FMI (F = 25.320, p

= .000) (Gába & Přidalová, 2014; Houtkooper, Lohman, Going, & Howell, 1996). Primenom T-testa, dobi-

jeno je da se grupe međusobno statistički značajno razlikuju kod varijabli PFI i FMI, ali ne i u MMI i FFMI,

gde razlike postoje samo između najmlađih ispitanica (20-29.9) u odnosu na ostale ispitanice (30-59.9).

Zaključak

Analizom dobijenih rezultata može se zaključiti da je utvrđena statistički značajna osetljivost praćenih telesnih indeksa

u funkciji uzrasta kod žena, gde je kod varijabli PFI i FMI utvrđen apsolutno veći nivo osetljivosti u odnosu na ispitivane

uzrasne grupe žena, a kod varijabli FFMI i MMI osetljivost je utvrđena na parcijalnom nivou. Takođe, utvrđeno je da

FFMI i MMI imaju parabolični trend, tako što vrednosti rastu do 50-e godine života i tada dostižu maksimalni nivo,

nakon čega dolazi do smanjenja vrednosti, dok se FMI-a konstantno povećava u skladu sa godinama. Jedino se kod

PFI-a uočava obr nuto proporcionalan trend, odnosno konstantno opadanje vrednosti varijable kako raste broj godina.

Ključne reči: telesni sastav, radno-aktivne žene, indeksi, InBody720

Literatura

1. Gába, A., & Přidalová, M. (2014). Age-related changes in body composition in a sample of Czech women aged

18–89 years: a cross-sectional study. European Journal of Nut rition, 53(1), 167-176. doi: 10.1007/s00394-013-

0514-x

2. Houtkooper, L. B., Lohman, T. G., Going, S. B., & Howell, W. H. (1996). Why bioelectrical impedance analysis

should be used for estimating adiposity. Am J Clin Nutr, 64(3 Suppl), 436s-448s.

105

SENSITIVITY OF NEW INDEXES FOR WOMEN’S BODY COMPOSITION

EVALUATION REGARDING THE FUNCTION OF AGE

Slađana Rakić1, Milivoj Dopsaj1, Marina Đorđević-Nikić1

1 University of Belgrade, Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, Belgrade, Serbia

Introduction

It is important to monitor body composition of women of diff erent age for the purpose of control as one

of the indicators of general health condition. Modern way of life, which is predominantly sedentary, con-

tributes to a decrease in physical activity and increases energy intake which leads to a state of obesity. Th is

phenomenon becomes more frequent with increased age. Th e goal of this paper is to establish the sensitiv-

ity of 4 new indexes with which it is possible to undertake structural evaluation of women’s body composi-

tion for the function of age.

Method

Th e sample of respondents consisted of 543 working women, aged 20-59.9, who were divided into 4 groups:

from 20-29.9, 30-39.9, 40-49.9 and 50-59.9 years of age. Measurement of body composition was performed

via a non-invasive method of multichannel bioelectrical impedance – In Body 720 in the research labora-

tory of Faculty of Sport and Physical Education in Belgrade. Th e observed variables (FFMI – fat free mass

index, MMI - muscle mass index, PFI - protein fat index, FMI - fat mass index) are presented in the form

of descriptive statistics, and ANOVA and T-test were used for establishing the existence of diff erences

between groups.


Descriptive data showed that the average values of observed variables were - FFMI1 = 16.11±1.36, FFMI2

= 16.67±1.41, FFMI3 = 16.96±1.43, FFMI4 = 16.81±1.41kg*m-2; MMI1 = 8.83±0.84, MMI2 = 9.16±1.03,

MMI3 = 9.30±0.87, MMI4 = 9.17±0.86 kg*m-2; PFI1 = 0.61±0.23, PFI2 = 0.61±0.36, PF3 = 0.47±0.20, PF4

= 0.38±0.12 kg/kg; FMI1 = 6.14±3.28, FMI2 = 6.50±3.11, FMI3 = 8.27±3.87, FMI4 = 9.63±3.23 kg*m-2. On

a partial level results showed that there is a statistically signifi cant diff erence between groups for every in-

dex: FFMI (F = 8.383, p = .000), MMI (F = 5.975, p = .001), PFI (F = 21.394, p = .000) and FMI (F = 25.320,

p = .000) (Gába & Přidalová, 2014; Houtkooper, Lohman, Going, & Howell, 1996). Th e application of the

T-test led to the acquirement of data that shows that the groups diff er from one another in a statistically

signifi cant way for variables PFI and FMI, but not for MMI and FFMI where diff erences only exist between

the youngest respondents (20-29.9) and the rest of the respondents (30-59.9).

Conclusion

By analyzing the acquired results it can be concluded that a statistically signifi cant sensitivity of observed

body indexes for the function of women’s age was established, where an absolutely greater level of sensitiv-

ity in relation to examined age groups of women was established for PFI and FMI variables, and a partial

level of sensitivity was established for variables FFMI and MMI. Also, it was established that FFMI and

MMI have a parabolic trend, meaning that values increase until the age of 50 and then reach their maxi-

mum level, after which there is a decrease in value, whereas FMI is constantly increased according to age.

It is only with PFI that an inversely proportional trend is noticed, i.e. a constant variable decrease with the

increase in age.

Key words: body composition, working women, indexes, InBody720

References

1. Gába, A., & Přidalová, M. (2014). Age-related changes in body composition in a sample of Czech women aged

18–89 years: a cross-sectional study. European Journal of Nutrition, 53(1), 167-176. doi: 10.1007/s00394-013-

0514-x

2. Houtkooper, L. B., Lohman, T. G., Going, S. B., & Howell, W. H. (1996). Why bioelectrical impedance analysis

should be used for estimating adiposity. Am J Clin Nutr, 64(3 Suppl), 436s-448s.

106

UPOTREBA SUPLEMENATA U RVANJU

Aleksa Bosnić, Milan Marković, Goran Kasum


Uvod

Urođene morfološke, psihološke, fi ziološke i metaboličke karakteristike predstavljaju vrlo bitan faktor u

ostvarivanju uspeha u sportu. Za ostvarivanje rezultata nije dovoljna samo povoljna genetska predispozici-

ja. Stalni dugogodišnji treninzi predstavljaju ključ unapređivanja celokupne tehničke efi kasnosti. Da bi se

više podstakle i unapredile performanse sportisti, često koriste dijetetske suplemente.

Metod

Istraživanje je realizovano na uzorku od tridesetdvoje rvača iz 4 kluba u Srbiji predstavnika I I II rvačke

lige. Raspon starosti ispitanika kretao se od 18-30 godina, sa prosekom starosti 24 godina. Sakuplajnje po-

dataka je vršeno metodom anketiranja otvorenog tipa odgovora, pomoću koji se želi saznati: da li koristite

suplemente, koje suplemente koristite, u kolikoj meri, koliko znaju o njima, način nabavljanja, savetuju li se

i da li imaju stalni nadzor pri uzimanju suplemenata.


Na datom uzorku dobijeni su rezultati, da više od dve trećine koriste suplemente, a prosek iznosi 1.54

preparata po korisniku. Najzastupljeniji dodaci ishrani koje koriste rvači su, kreatin, protein, aminokise-

line, vitamine, kofein. Skoro 80 % ispitanika tvrdi da ima dovoljno znanja o suplementaciji, ali polovina

onih koji konzumiraju često se posavetuju sa nutricionistom. Zabrinjavajuće malo sportista ima konstanto

praćenje i doziranje od strane lekara. Pozitivno je, što nabavljanje dijetetskih suplemenata isključivo vrše u

ovlašćenim radnjama.

Zaključak

Vrlo mali broj klubova ima stručno i nadležno lice za izbor i doziranja potrebnih suplemenata. Samostal-

nim odabirom i konzumiranjem većeg broja preparata često se preteruje sa unosom sastojaka koji se po-

navljaju u uzetim suplementima. Zbog sve dostupnijih nutrijenata neophodno je podići svest i više uključiti

lekare u usmeravanje i kontrolu sportista kroz period suplementacije u trenažnom procesu.

Ključne reči: suplementacija, nutrijenti, rvanje.

Literatura 1. Đorđević-Nikić, M. (2002). Ishrana sportista. Beograd: Univerzitet u Beogradu, Fakultet sporta i fi zičkog vaspi-

tanja.

2. Burk, L. (2009). Praktična sportska ishrana. Belkonen: Odeljenje za sportsku ishranu, Australiski institut za sport.

107

THE USE OF SUPPLEMENTS IN WRESTLING



Introduction

Innate morphological, psychological, physiological and metabolic characteristics make an important fac-

tor when it comes to succeeding in sport. Good genetic predisposition alone is not enough for getting

good results. Constant training throughout the year is the key to improving the overall technical effi ciency.

Dietary supplements are commonly used in order to enhance and improve athletes’ performances.

Method

Th e research is completed based on the sample of 32 wrestlers from 4 wrestling clubs in Serbia, with rep-

resentatives of the fi rst and second wrestling league. Th e age of respondents ranged from 18 to 30 years,

with the average of 24 years. Information was collected by an open type questions survey in order to fi nd

out: whether they use supplements, which supplements they use, to what extent they use them, how much

they know about them, the way of getting supplements, whether they consult the expert and whether they

are supervised while taking supplements.


Based on the survey data, the results show that more than two thirds of athletes use supplements, and that

the average is 1.54 preparations per user. Wrestlers most commonly use creatine, protein, amino acids,

vitamins, caff eine. Almost 80 % of respondents claim to have enough knowledge when it comes to supple-

ments, but half of those who take them consult nutritionist. Few athletes have their dose keeping track of

by paramedics. Th e good thing is that dietary supplements can only be bought in authorized stores.

Conclusion

A small number of athletes have in their wrestling clubs an expert taking care of the dose they take or of

the supplements they take. By choosing and taking larger number of chemicals on their own, athletes often

overdose by taking ingredients that can be found in more than one supplement. It is important to raise

awareness and involve paramedics in controlling athletes throughout the period of supplementation in

training process.

Key words: supplementation, nutrients, wrestling.

References 1. Đorđević-Nikić, M. (2002). Ishrana sportista. Beograd: Univerzitet u Beogradu, Fakultet sporta i fi zičkog vaspi-

tanja.

2. Burk, L. (2009). Praktična sportska ishrana. Belkonen: Odeljenje za sportsku ishranu, Australiski institut za sport.

108

POUZDANOST I VALIDNOST UPITNIKA O ZLOUPITREBI SUPSTANCI

KOD ADOLESCENATA

Nedim Šišić1, Damir Sekulić1, Marino Krespi1, Mirjana Mađarević2

Univerzitet u Splitu, Kineziološki fakultet, Split, Hrvatska1

Univerzitet u Zenici, Filozofski fakultet, Zenica, Bosna i Hercegovina2

Uvod

Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je da se utvrdi test - retest pouzdanost i validnost upitnika o zloupotrebi sup-

stanci, i odgovarajuć i faktori u adolescenciji.

Metod

Studija je sprovedena na uzorku od 66 srednjoškolaca (28 mladića i 38 devojaka; 17-18 godina starosti)

srednje škole Katolički školski centar „Sveti Pavao“ iz Zenice u Bosni i Hercegovini. Dva testa su obavljena

u rasponu od tri meseca u drugom semestru školske 2013/2014. godine. Ispitanici su odgovarali na pitanja

u okviru socio-demografskih karakteristika, školskih faktora, sportskih faktora, porodičnih faktora, rodi-

teljske kontrole, faktora upotrebe supstanci, alkohola i cigareta, kao i na nekoliko pitanja o religiji (Cavar i

sar., 2012.; Sekulić i sar., 2014). Izračunat je procenat pitanja sa jednakim odgovorom, Spirmanov i Pirso-

nov koefi cijent korelacije i faktorska analiza. Sve koefi cijenti se smatraju značajnim na nivou pouzdanosti

od 95% (p , 0,05).


Rezultati ove studije pokazali su umerenu do visoku pouzdanost kod već ine varijabli, dok varijable rekre-

acija i porodični odnosi nisu pokazale zadovoljavajuć u pouzdanost. Faktorskom analizom grupa varijabli

uspeha u školi, formiran je jedan faktor, dok su u grupi varijabli sportskog uspeha i u grupi porodičnih

faktora formirane dve latentne dimenzije.

Zaključak

U ovoj studiji očekivali smo već u pouzdanost odgovora na pitanja o školskim faktorima, s obzirom da je

uzorak bio homogen. Validacija faktorske analize je pokazala da su varijable rekreacija i odsustvovanje od

kuć e odvojene oblasti koje zahtevaju poseban tretman.

Ključne reči: pouzdanost, validnost, test-retest, upitnik, škola.

Literatura1. Cavar, M., Sekulić, D., i Culjak, Z. (2012). Složena interakcija religioznosti sa drugim faktorima u vezi sa upotre-

bom i zloupotrebom supstanci među sportiskinjama (Complex interaction of religiousness with other factors

in relation to substance use and misuse among female athletes). Časopis religije i zdravlja (Journal of Religion &

Health), 51(2), 381–389. doi: 10.1007/s10943-010-9360-9.

2. Sekulic D, Ostojic M, Vasilj M, Coric S, Zenic N (2014). Specifi čni rediktori pušenja cigareta kod adolescenata u

odnosu na pol: analiza sportskog učešć a, roditeljskih faktora i religioznosti kao faktora zaštite/rizika. Časopis o

korišćenju supstanci (Journal of Substance Use), 19 (1-2) 89-94.

109

RELIABILITY AND VALIDITY OF THE QUESTIONNAIRE OF SUBSTANCE

USE AND MISUSE IN ADOLESCENTS

Nedim Sisic1, Damir Sekulic1, Marino Krespi1, Mirjana Madjarevic2

University of Split, Faculty of Kinesiology, Split, Croatia1

University of Zenica, Faculty of Philosophy, Zenica, Bosnia and Herzegovina2

Introduction

Th e aim of this study was to determine the test-retest reliability and validity of questionnaire of substance

use and misuse, and corresponding factors in adolescence.

Method

Th e study was conducted on a sample of 66 high-school children (28 males and 38 females; 17-18 years of

age) from high-school Catholic School Centre “Sveti Pavao”, from Zenica, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Two

tests were carried out in the range of three months in the second semester of the academic 2013/2014

school year. Respondents answered the questions in the fi eld of socio-demographic characteristics, school

factors, sport factors, family factors, parental controls, factors of substance use, alcohol and cigarettes, as

well as a few questions about religion (Cavar et al., 2012; Sekulic et al., 2014). Th e percentage of equally

responded queries, Spearman’s and Pearson’s correlation coeffi cient and factor analysis were calculated.

All the coeffi cients were considered signifi cant at a 95% confi dence level (p , 0.05).


Results of this study showed moderate to high reliability of most of the variables, while variables of recre-

ation and family relationships have not shown satisfactory reliability. With factor analysis groups of vari-

ables of school success, one factor was formed, while in the group of variables of sporting success and in

the group of family factors two latent dimensions were formed.

Conclusion

In this study, we expected the higher reliability of the answers on questions about school factors, given that

it is a homogeneous sample. Validation of factor analysis showed that the variables recreation and parental

absence from the house are separate areas that require a special treatment.

Key words: reliability, validity, test-retest, questionnaire, school.

References1. Cavar, M., Sekulic, D., & Culjak, Z. (2012). Complex interaction of religiousness with other factors in relation

to substance use and misuse among female athletes. Journal of Religion & Health, 51(2), 381–389. doi: 10.1007/

s10943-010-9360-9.

2. Sekulic D, Ostojic M, Vasilj M, Coric S, Zenic N (2014). Gender-specifi c predictors of cigarette smoking in ado-

lescents: an analysis of sport participation, parental factors and religiosity as protective/risk factors. Journal of

Substance Use, 19 (1-2) 89-94.

110

ODNOSI IZMEĐU MORFOLOŠKIH KARAKTERISTIKA I NIVOA

KARDIOVASKULARNIH SPOSOBNOSTI

Vladimir Jakovljević1, Goran Bošnjak1, Milan Matić2 i Gorana Tešanović1

1 Univerzitet u Banja Luci, Fakultet sporta i fi zičkog vaspitanja Bosna i Hercegovina2 Univerzitet u Beogradu, Fakultet sporta i fi zičkog vaspitanja, Beograd, Srbija

Uvod

Pucarin - Cvetković i sar. (2006) napisali su da gojazne osobe imaju značajno povišene nivoe holesterola,

triglicerida, glukoze, sistolnog i dijastolnog krvnog pritiska u poređenju sa ljudima normalne težine. Nivo

fi zičke aktivnosti počinje da se smanjuje tokom adolescencije, tako da je ovaj period života veoma važan u

posmatranju nutritivnog statusa i funkcionalnih sposobnosti kardiovaskularnog sistema. Ovo istraživanje je

sprovedeno u cilju određivanja odnosa masnog tkiva i funkcionalnog kapaciteta kardiovaskularnog sistema.

Metod

Uzorak je činilo 107 ispitanika starosti od 16 godina (+/- 6 meseci). Svi ispitanici su bili podeljeni u tri

grupe prema vrednostima indeksa telesne mase. Varijable morfoloških karakteristika su: indeks telesne

mase, procenat ukupne težine tela koja se sastoji od masti, ukupna težina celog tela, masa masti, procenat

telesne masti i težina masnog tkiva pojedinih delova tela. Varijable funkcionalnog kapaciteta kardiovasku-

larnog sistema su: sistolni i dijastolni krvni pritisak pre i posle optereć enja i srčana frekvencija pre i posle

optereć enja. Vrednosti srčanog pritiska i srčana frekvencija su mereni pre i posle izvršenja testa Astrand.

Za prikupljanje podataka su korišć eni merač pritiska “Boso Medistar S”, analizator kompozicije tela KK-

418m III i bilcikl ergometar. U procesu je korišćen statistički program SPSS, primenjena statistička analiza

je ANOVA.


Najveć e vrednosti sistolnog i dijastolnog krvnog pritiska i srčane frekvencije pre i posle optereć enja

pronađene su kod pacijenata sa višim indeksom telesne mase. Takođe, sistolni i dijastolni krvni pritisak i

puls srca pre optereć enja su pokazali najviše vrednosti kod ovih subjekata u odnosu na druge dve grupe.

Međutim, bilo je statistički značajne razlike između grupa jedino u vrednostima srčane frekvencije pre

optereć enja.

Zaključak

U ovom radu mi smo potvrdili niz prethodnih studija u kojima se smatra da poveć an indeks telesne mase

dovodi do štetnog uticaja na kardiovaskularni sistem. Rešenje za ovaj problem mnogi autori su našli u re-

dovnoj fi zičkoj aktivnosti i promenama ishrane.

Ključne reči: morfološke karakteristike, krvni pritisak, srčana frekvencija

Literatura 1. Mitić, D. (2011). Značaj fi zičke aktivnosti u prevenciji i terapiji gojaznosti u djetinjstvu i adolescenciji . Medicinski

glasnik, 39, 107-112.

2. Mišigoj-Duraković, M., Heimer, S. i Duraković, Z. (1996). Tjelesno vježbanje i gojaznost. U: Milanović D. ured.

Fitness, FFK,Zagreb, 43-45.

111

RELATIONS BETWEEN MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS

AND LEVEL OF CARDIOVASCULAR ABILITIES

Vladimir Jakovljević1, Goran Bošnjak1, Milan Matić2 i Gorana Tešanović1

1 University of Banja Luka, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Bosnia and Herzegovina2 University of Belgrade, Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, Belgrade, Serbia

Introduction

Pucarin - Cvetkovic et al. (2006) wrote that obese individuals have signifi cantly elevated levels of choles-

terol, triglycerides, glucose, systolic and diastolic blood pressure compared to people of normal weight.

Th e level of physical activity starts to decrease during adolescence, so this period of life is very important

in observing of nutritional status and functional abilities of the cardiovascular system. Th is research was

conducted in order to determine the relation between adipose tissue and functional capacity of the cardio-

vascular system.

Method

Th e sample consisted of 107 respondents aged 16 years (+/- 6 months). All subjects were divided into three

groups according to the values of body mass index. Th e variables of the morphological characteristics

were: body mass index, a percentage of the total weight of the body consisting of fats, the total weight of

the whole body, fat mass, body fat percentage and the weight of adipose tissues of certain parts of the body.

Th e variables of functional capacity of the cardiovascular system were: systolic and diastolic blood pressure

before and after the loads and heart rate before and after the loads. Cardiac pressure values and heart rate

were measured before and after the execution of the test Astrand. Pressure gauge “Boso MEDISTAR S”,

body composition analyzer BC-418m III and bicycle ergometer were used to collect data. Th e process used

statistical program SPSS, a statistical analysis was applied ANOVA.


Th e highest values of systolic and diastolic blood pressure and heart rate before and after loads were found

in patients with higher body mass index. Although, systolic and diastolic blood pressure and heart rate

before load showed the highest values in these subjects in relation to the other two groups. However, there

was a statistically signifi cant diff erence between the groups only in values of heart rate before the load.

Conclusion

In this paper, we have confi rmed a number of previous studies that have considered that increased body

mass index leads to harmful eff ects on the cardiovascular system. Many authors found solution of this

problem in regular physical activity and dietary changes.

Key words: morphological characteristics, blood pressure, heart rate

References1. Mitić, D. (2011). Značaj fi zičke aktivnosti u prevenciji i terapiji gojaznosti u djetinjstvu i adolescenciji . Medicinski

glasnik, 39, 107-112.

2. Mišigoj-Duraković, M., Heimer, S. i Duraković, Z. (1996). Tjelesno vježbanje i gojaznost. U: Milanović D. ured.

Fitness, FFK,Zagreb, 43-45.

112

ISPOLJAVANJE ANAEROBNIH I AEROBNIH SPOSOBNOSTI

KOD STUDENATA KRIMINALISTIČKO POLICIJSKE AKADEMIJE1

Bojan Mitrović¹, Goran Vučković²

¹ Ministarstvo unutrašnjih poslova Republike Srbije

² Kriminalističko-policijska akademija, Beograd, Srbija

Uvod

Obavljanje policijskog posla podrazumeva niz mera i radnji koje se sprovode u cilju sprečavanja, ali i rešavanja,

mogućih incidentnih situacija, a uspešnost rešavanja istih u kojima dolazi do upotrebe sredstava prinude us-

lovljena je time da policijski službenici treba da budu fi zički sposobni kako bi ispunili profesionalne zahteve.

Praksa je pokazala da nedovoljan nivo motoričkih, kao i anaerobnih i aerobnih sposobnosti predstavlja

limitirajući faktor za kvalitetno obavljanje poslova policijskih službenika, koji se odnose na upotrebu sred-

stava prinude. Cilj ovog istraživanja je da se utvrdi eventualno postojanje razlika u anaerobnim i aerobnim

sposobnostima dve generacije studenata Kriminalističko-policijske akademije (KPA) na terenskoj obuci, i to

studenata osnovnih akademskih i osnovnih strukovnih studija upućenih na terensku obuku.

Metod

Istraživanje je sprovedeno na uzorku od 139 studenata osnovnih akademskih (OA) i osnovnih strukovnih

(OS) studija KPA, podeljenih na dva subuzorka, generacija druge godine osnovnih strukovnih studija u

školskoj 2012/2013 godini (N=74) i generacija treće godine osnovnih akademskih studija u školskoj

2013/2014 godini (N=65). Za utvrđivanje razlika između generacija, imajući u vidu terenske uslove rada,

posmatrani su rezultati testova za procenu anaerobnih i aerobnih sposobnosti: test maksimalnih anaerob-

nih sposobnosti, po Margariji (MARGAR) i test maksimalnih aerobnih sposobnosti, Astrand step-test

(ASTRAND). Testovi su realizovani u terenskoj uniformi i pripadajućoj terenskoj obući (terenske čizme).

Dobijeni podaci obrađeni su primenom statističkog programa SPSS 20.0, a procedure su obuhvatile

deskriptivne parametre i za utvrđivanje značajnosti razlika između subuzoraka T-test za nezavisne uzorke.


Prosečno ostvareni rezultat kod ispitanika OA i OS, a za test MARGAR iznosio je Mean±SD 47.42±11.34

kg/m/min; 45.75±10.74 kg/m/min, respektivno. Prosečno ostvareni rezultat za test ASTRAND kod ispi-

tanika OA i OS iznosio je Mean±SD 56.26±10.25 ml/kg/min; 55±10.84 ml/kg/min, respektivno. Daljom

analizom dobijenih rezultata utvrđeno je da između subuzoraka, kod testa MARGAR, ne postoji statistički

značajna razlika (t=-0,889, p=0.376). Statistički značajna razlika između dva subuzorka nije potvrđena ni

kod testa ASTRAND (t=-0,701, p=0.484). Razlog za ovakav rezultat najverovatnije se nalazi u ujednačenoj

selekciji kandidata na prijemnom ispitu za upis na KPA gde se vrši testiranje određenih motoričkih sposob-

nosti, kao i u stalnom praćenju nivoa fi zičkih sposobnosti tokom svake godine studija.

Zaključak

Na osnovu rezultata istraživanja može se zaključiti da ne postoji statistički značajna razlika između dva tre-

tirana subuzorka, koji su činili studenti KPA OA i OS studija u situaciji ispoljavanja aerobnih i anaerobnih

potencijala, u ovom slučaju merenih testom maksimalnih anaerobnih sposobnosti, po Margariji, i testom

maksimalnih aerobnih sposobnosti, Astrand step-test.

Ključne reči: studenti, aerobne sposobnosti, anaerodne sposobnosti, terenski uslovi rada.

Literatura1. Bonneau, J., Brown, J. (1995). Physical ability, fi tness and police work. Journal of Clinical Forensic Medicine, 2: 157-

164.

2. Допсај, М., Благојевић, М., Маринковић, Б., Миљуш, Д., Вучковић, Г., Коропановски, Н., Ивановић,Ј.,

Атанасов, Д., Јанковић, Р. (2010). Моделне карактеристике антропометријских показатеља и базично-

моторичких способности (БМС) здравих и утренираних младих особа оба пола - популациони показатељи

Републике Србије. Бајина Башта: Форма.

1 Rad je deo Projekta „Efekti primenjene fizičke aktivnosti na lokomotorni, metabolički, psiho-socijalni i vaspitni status populacije

Republike Srbije” pod brojem III47015, a kao deo potprojekta “Efekti primenjene fi zičke aktivnosti na lokomotorni, metabolički,

psiho-socijalni i vaspitni status populacije policije R. Srbije” koji se finansira od strane Ministarstva prosvete, nauke i tehnološkog

razvoja R. Srbije - ciklus naučnih projekata 2011-2015.

113

DEMONSTRATION OF ANAEROBIC AND AEROBIC ABILITIES

AMONG THE STUDENTS OF POLICE ACADEMY

Bojan Mitrović ¹, Goran Vučković ²,

¹ Ministry of Internal Aff airs of the Republic of Serbia

² Academy of Criminalistic and Police Studies, Belgrade, Serbia.

Introduction

Police work involves a series of measures and actions undertaken to prevent and resolve potential inci-

dents, but the successfulness of these situation (in which use of force occurs) is conditioned by the fact that

police offi cers need to be physically fi t in order to meet the professional requirements. Practice has shown

that inadequate level of motor, as well as anaerobic and aerobic abilities present the limiting factor for the

quality work of police offi cers, relating to the use of force. Th e aim of this study was to determine the pos-

sible existence of diff erences in anaerobic and aerobic abilities among two generations of Criminal Police

Academy (KPA) students on fi eld training exercise, namely students of basic academic and basic vocational

studies sent to the fi eld training exercise.

Method

Th e study was conducted on a sample of 139 undergraduate academic (OA) and basic vocational (OS) stu-

dents, divided into two subsamples; the generation of the sophomore students of basic vocational studies

in the academic year 2012/2013 (N = 74) and the generation of the third year of basic academic studies in

the school year 2013/2014 (N = 65). To determine diff erences between generations, taking into account

the fi eld conditions, following results of anaerobic and aerobic abilities tests were observed: maximal an-

aerobic capacity test, MARGAR test and maximal aerobic capacity test, Astrand step-test (Åstrand). Tests

were carried out in a fi eld uniform and the corresponding fi eld footwear (fi eld boots). Th e obtained data

were analyzed using the statistical program SPSS 20.0, and procedure included the descriptive parameters

for the determination of the signifi cant diff erences between subsamples T-test for independent samples.


Th e average result achieved among students of OA and OS for the MARGAR test was Mean ± SD 47.42 ±

11.34 kg/m/min; 45.75 ± 10.74 kg/m/min, respectively. Average result achieved for the Astrand test among

students of OA and OS was Mean ± SD 56.26 ± 10.25 ml/kg/min; 55 ± 10.84 ml/kg/min. Further analysis

of the gained results showed that between subsamples, at the MARGAR test, there was no statistically

signifi cant diff erence (t = -0.889, p = 0.376). Statistically signifi cant diff erence between the two subsamples

was not confi rmed either by Astrand test (t = -0.701, p = 0.484). Th is result, most likely results from the

balanced selection of candidates at the entrance examination for the KPA, where testing of certain motor

skills was performed, as well in constant monitoring of the physical abilities level during each year of study.

Conclusion

Based on the results, it can be concluded that there is no statistically signifi cant diff erence between the two

treated subsamples, consisted of students of basic academic and basic vocational studies in the situation

of aerobic and anaerobic abilities demonstration, in this case measured with the Margar test and maximal

aerobic capacity test, Astrand-step test.

Key words: students, aerobic capacity, anaerobic capabilities, terrain conditions.

References1. Bonneau, J., Brown, J. (1995). Physical ability, fi tness and police work. Journal of Clinical Forensic Medicine, 2: 157-

164.

2. Допсај, М., Благојевић, М., Маринковић, Б., Миљуш, Д., Вучковић, Г., Коропановски, Н., Ивановић,Ј.,

Атанасов, Д., Јанковић, Р. (2010). Моделне карактеристике антропометријских показатеља и базично-

моторичких способности (БМС) здравих и утренираних младих особа оба пола - популациони показатељи

Републике Србије. Бајина Башта: Форма.

114

PROCENA BIOMARKERA OKSIDATIVNOG STRESA

INDUKOVANIH TRENINGOM MLADIH FUDBALERA:

FOKUS NA RAZLICI U GODINAMA

Dejan Čubrilo1, Duško Spasovski2, Marija Macura3, Marija Slavić4, Dušan Blagojević4,

Spasić Mihajlo4, Vladimir Jakovljević1

1 Univerzitet u Kragujevcu, Fakultet Medicinskih nauka, Katedra za fi ziologiju,

Kragujevac, Srbija 2 Institut za Ortopedsko-hiruske bolesti “Banjica”, Beograd, Srbija

3 Univerzitet u Beogradu, Fakultet sporta i fi zickog vaspitanja, Beograd, Srbija4Institute za biološka istraživanja, Departman za fi ziologiju, Beograd, Srbija

Uvod

Redovna fi zička aktivnost pozitivno utiče na mnoge aspekte zdravlja, sa druge strane prekomerna aktivnost

može indukovati pojavu stresa, posebno u slucaju treninga fudbala vecih intenziteta, pri čemu može doći

do ćelijskog oksidativnog oštećenja. Trening fudbala može proizvesti disbalans između RNOS i antioksi-

dansa, sa posledičnom pojavom oksidativnog stresa.

Cilj: Procena uticaja redovnog treninga na redoks ravnotežu kao i uticaj razlike u godinama.

Metod

Parametri oksidativnog stresa (NO, TBARS, superoksid anion i H2O

2) i aktivnost antioksidativnih enzima

(superoksid dismutaza - SOD, katalaze - CAT, glutation peroksidaza - GSH-Px i glutation reduktaze - GR)

su izmerene u krvnoj plazmi i eritrocitima mladih fudbalera (N = 23) i 4 zdrava decaka iste dobi. Fudbaleri

su podeljeni u dve podgrupe prema godinama: Mlađi (N = 11) (14 i 15 godina) i Stariji (N = 12) (16 i 17

godina).

Rezultati

Procenat mišića (% FFM) i masnog tkiva (% FM) nije se razlikovao između ispitivanih grupa. Vrednost BMI

je bila statistički viša u starijoj grupi sportista (p<0.01). VO2max vrijednosti se razlikuju između ispitivanih

skupina (p<0.001). Mlađi sportisti su imali značajno više razine SOD aktivnosti (p<0.05) poređenju sa

starijom grupom, bez značajnih razlika u ostalim merenim parametrima.Korelacije izmerenih parametara

su specifi čne u odnosu na uzrast ispitanika.

Zaključak

Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju da redovna trenažna aktivnost ne dovodi do oksuidativnog stresa, ali sma-

njena (aktivnost) SOD sugeriše antioksidativno prilagođavanje koje je u skladu sa uzrastom mladih sportista.

Ključne reči: oksidativni stres, vežbanje, godine, sportisti

Literatura1. V Zivkovic, P Lazarevic, D Djuric, D Cubrilo, M Macura, M Vuletic, N Barudzic, M Nesic, V Jakovljevic. Altera-

tion in basal redox state of young male soccer players after a six-month training programme Acta Physiologica

Hungarica, Volume 100 (1), pp. 64–76 (2013)DOI: 10.1556/APhysiol.100.2013.1.6

2. Holvoet P (2008). Relations between metabolic syndrome, oxidative stress and infl ammation and cardiovascular

disease. Verh K Acad Geneeskd Belg, 70(3), 193-219.

115

THE ASSESSMENT OF OXIDATIVE STRESS BIOMARKERS

INDUCED BY REGULAR TRAINING IN PUBERTAL BOYS:

FOCUS ON AGE DIFFERENCE

Dejan Čubrilo1, Duško Spasovski2, Marija Macura3, Marija Slavić4, Dušan Blagojević4,

Spasić Mihajlo4, Vladimir Jakovljević1

1 University of Kragujevac, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kragujevac, Serbia

2 Institute for Ortopaedic Surgery “Banjica”, Belgrade, Serbia3 University of Belgrade, Faculty of sport and physical education, Belgrade, Serbia

4Institute for Biological Research, Department of Physiology, Belgrade, Serbia

Introduction

Exercise can be associated with various benefi ts for health, but excessive physical activity may be stressful,

for example high performance football, leading to oxidative cellular damage. Football training can produce

an imbalance between RNOS and antioxidants, which is referred as oxidative stress.

AIM: Evaluate the infl uence of regular training practice in oxidative stress, as well as age diff erence.

Methods

Parameters of oxidative stress (NO, TBARS, superoxide and H2O

2) and antioxidant enzymes activities (su-

peroxide dismutase – SOD, catalase – CAT, glutathione peroxidase – GSH-Px and glutathione reductase

– GR) were measured in the blood plasma and erythrocytes of young soccer players (N=23) and 4 healthy

pubescent boys. Th e players were divided in two subgroups according to the age: teen TG (N=11) (14 and

15 years old) and premature PG (N=12) (16 and 17 years old).

Results

Fat free mass (%FFM) and fat mass (%FM) did not diff er between examined group. BMI resulted higher

in PG compared to TG (p<0.01). VO2max values diff er between examined groups (p<0.001). Athletes in

TG group had signifi cantly higher levels of SOD activity (p<0.05) compared with the PG group with no

signifi cant diff erences in the other parameters measured. However, correlations of measured parameters

are age specifi c.

Conclusion

Th ese results show that programmed physical exercise does not lead to oxidative stress, but a decreased

(activity of ) SOD suggests an antioxidant adaptation according to age, as well as to regular physical activity.

Key words: oxidative stress, exercise, age, athletes

References1. V Zivkovic, P Lazarevic, D Djuric, D Cubrilo, M Macura, M Vuletic, N Barudzic, M Nesic, V Jakovljevic. Altera-

tion in basal redox state of young male soccer players after a six-month training programme Acta Physiologica

Hungarica, Volume 100 (1), pp. 64–76 (2013)DOI: 10.1556/APhysiol.100.2013.1.6

2. Holvoet P (2008). Relations between metabolic syndrome, oxidative stress and infl ammation and cardiovascular

disease. Verh K Acad Geneeskd Belg, 70(3), 193-219.

116

117

SEKCIJA 6



U FIZIČKOM VASPITANJU

SESSION 6

RESEARCHMETHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS

OF THE EFFECTS OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY APPLICATION

IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION

118

EFEKTI ČASA SPORTSKIH AKTIVNOSTI

U NASTAVI FIZIČKOG VASPITANJA

Darko Stojanović

Univerzitet u Nišu, Fakultet sporta i fi zičkog vaspitanja, Niš, Srbija

Uvod

Na osnovu rezultata nekih istraživanja, može se zaključiti da fi zičkom vaspitanju nedostaje odgovarajući

intenzitet koji bi izazvao nadražaje koji bi unapređivali fi zički razvoj i sposobnosti učenika (Madić i Dragić,

1989; Pate et al., 2006). Iz tih razloga je potrebno analizirati pedagoške eksperimente provedene sa posebno

programiranom nastavom koja se odvija na času predviđenom za sportske aktivnosti učenika osnovnih

škola i proveriti da li ona ima značajniji uticaj na istraživane dimenzije psihosomatskog statusa učenika od

nastave koja se realizuje u okviru fonda od dva časa fi zičkog vaspitanja nedeljno.

Metode

Za analizu dosadašnjih istraživanja korišćena je deskriptivna metoda. Korišćeni su internet pretraživači

“Pub-med”, “Mendeley”, “Google sholar” i “Kobson”. Pretraživane su ključne reči: fi zičko vaspitanje, sportske

aktivnosti, efekti programa.


Broj ispitanika u istraživanjima bio je različit, od 26 do 955. Polna pripadnost učenika je raznovrsna, u

četiri ispitanike su činili učenici, u sedam učenice, a u pet je bio mešovit. Trajanje primenjenih programa

bilo je od dva meseca do četiri godine. U većini istraživanja programi vežbanja trajali su 18 nedelja. U 14

istraživanja je pored eksperimentalne obuhvaćena i kontrolna grupa, a u dva samo eksperimentalna grupa.

Zaključak

Analizom efekata posebno defi nisanih programa sportskih aktivnosti, u formi dodatnih nastavnih

aktivnosti (atletike, košarke, fudbala, gimnastike, ritmike, plesa, aerobika, raznih poligona spretnosti i

okretnosti), na transformaciju motoričkih sposobnosti kod učenika osnovnih škola, može se zaključiti da su

primenjeni eksperimentalni postupci pozitivno uticali na promene u motoričkom prostoru kod ispitanika

eksperimentalnih grupa u svim analiziranim istraživanjima. Iz tih razloga, nastavne programe fi zičkog

vaspitanja treba na bazi naučnih saznanja, putem pedagoških eksperimenata permanentno inovirati i

osavremenjivati.

Ključne reči: fi zičko vaspitanje, sportske aktivnosti, efekti programa

Literatura1. Pate, R.R., Davis, G.M., Robinson, N.T., Stone, J.E., Mckenzie, L.T. & Young, S.J. (2006). Promoting physical activ-

ity in children and youth. Circulation, 114, 1214-1224.

2. Ljubojević, M., Višnjić, D. i Ilić, J. (2012). Praćenje efekata programa košarke kao izabrane sportske aktivnosti u

nastavi fi zičkog vaspitanja na antropomorfološki status učenika. Inovacije u nastavi - časopis za savremenu nas-

tavu, 25(3), 48-55.

119

THE EFFECTS OF SPORTS ACTIVITIES CLASSES

IN THE PHYSICAL EDUCATION CURRICULUM

Darko Stojanovic

University of Nis, Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, Nis, Serbia

Introduction

On the basis of the data obtained from scientifi c research, we could conclude that physical exercise lack

adequate intensity, which could cause stimuli benefi cial for the promotion of physical development and

abilities of the schoolchildren (Madić & Dragić, 1989; Pate et al., 2006). For these reasons it is necessary to

analyze a pedagogical experiments carried out with a specially programmed curriculum which takes place

during the sports activities class in primary schools and to check whether it has a more signifi cant infl u-

ence on the studied dimensions of the psycho-somatic status of the schoolchildren, when compared to the

curriculum which is realized over two physical education classes per week.

Methods

Descriptive method was used in this paper for the analysis of the above research. Th e internet browsers

“Pub-med”, “Mendeley”, “Google Sholari” and “Kobson” were used. Th e search was done by the following

keywords: physical education, sports activities, the eff ects of the program.


Th e number of participants in the research varied, ranging from 26 to 955 as well as the gender of students;

boys in four studies, girls in seven and fi ve groups were mixed. Th e duration of the applied program was

from two months to four years. In most of the research programs of exercise lasted 18 weeks or one semes-

ter. 14 studies included both experimental and the control group, and two involved experimental groups

only.

Conclusion

Based on the analysis of the eff ects of a specially programmed curriculum, which takes place during the

sports activities class (athletics, basketball, football, gymnastics, rhythmic gymnastics, dance, aerobics,

various dexterity and agility obstacle courses), on the transformation of motor skills in primary school-

children, it can be concluded that the applied experimental procedure had a positive eff ect in the analyzed

motor space of the participants of the experimental group in all of the analyzed studies. For these reasons,

physical education curriculums should, by means of pedagogical experiments based on scientifi c knowl-

edge, be permanently innovated and modernized.

Keywords: physical education, sports activities, program eff ects

References1. Pate, R.R., Davis, G.M., Robinson, N.T., Stone, J.E., Mckenzie, L.T. & Young, S.J. (2006). Promoting physical activ-

ity in children and youth. Circulation, 114, 1214-1224.

2. Ljubojević, M., Višnjić, D. & Ilić, J. (2012). Praćenje efekata programa košarke kao izabrane sportske aktivnosti

u nastavi fi zičkog vaspitanja na antropomorfološki status učenika (Monitoring of the eff ects of the basketball as

selected sports activities in physical education on anthropomorphological status of students). Inovacije u nastavi

- časopis za savremenu nastavu, 25(3), 48-55.

120

AKTUELNI PROBLEMI REALIZACIJE PREDMETA FIZIČKO VASPITANJE

IZABRANI SPORT U OSNOVNOJ ŠKOLI

Dragoljub Višnjić1, Zoran Sretenović2

1 Univerzitet u Beogradu, Fakultet sporta i fi zičkog vaspitanja, Beograd, Srbija2 Ministarstvo prosvete, nauke i tehnološkog razvoja prosvetni savetnik,

Školska uprava Kragujevac

Uvod

Od školske 2007/2008. godine u Republici Srbiji nastavnim planom za drugi ciklus osnovnog obrazovanja i

vaspitanja, propisan je, obavezan izborni predmet fi zičko vaspitanje-izabrani sport. U realizaciji predmeta

postoje određene nedoslednosti, koje nisu u skladu sa koncepcijom predmeta. Istraživanjem sprovedenim

na uzorku od 41 škole i 951 učenika oba pola izvršena је evaluacija predmeta čiji rezultati pokazuju u kojoj

meri predmet zadovoljava zadate obrazovne metodičko-organizacione standarde.

Metod

Cilj istraživanja je evaluacija nastave predmeta fi zičko vaspitanje-izabrani sport sa ciljem objektivizacije

domašaja u praksi. Predmet istraživanja je vrednovanje predmeta kroz planiranje i realizaciju nastave i

usklađenosti sa i interesovanjima učenika.

Sprovedeno je sistematsko neeksperimentalno istraživanje je eksplorativnog karaktera. Korišćena je

metoda teorijske analize. Instrumenti istraživanja su : Upitnik za procenu realizacije nastave i Protokol za

praćenje dokumentacije škole. Zavisne varijable su planiranje nastave i realizacija, a nezavisne varijable su

pol učenika, uslovi za nastavu i lokacija škole. Korišćena je deskriptivna i komparativna statistika. Određen

je X2 test pomoću tabela kontigencije.


Samo 18,4% škola je sprovelu anketu za izbor sporta od strane učenika. Individualni sportovi nisu u

dovoljnoj meri bili u ponudi (atletika 30,7%, gimnastika 20,2%, plivanje 14,4%). U 50%.škola nude se samo

sportske igre. Medjuodelenjska takmičenja održana su u samo 8 škola. Planovi su nepotpuni (Samo 19.51%

planova sadrži složenije sadržaje; nema plana razvoja motoričkih sposobnosti i sl.). Ne postoji kontinuitet

u planiranju realizacije predmeta.

Zaključak

Zaključci istraživanja upućuju na to da se nastava predmeta ne planira i ne realizuje u skladu sa koncepci-

jom predmeta. Planiranje nastave je nepotpuno. Nije u potpunosti ispoštovana pravila izbornosti. Ponuđeni

sportovi nisu usklađeni sa interesovanjima učenika. Uslovi za izvodjenje nastave su ograničavajući faktor.

Prisutna je nedoslednost u realizaciji takmičenja predviđenih predmetom.

Ključne reči: fi zičko vaspitanje, predmet fi zičko vaspitanje-izabrani sport, evaluacija, nastava, planiranje, učenici.

Literatura 1. Milanović, Radisavljević, Pašić, (2013). Teorijsko-konceptualna osnova i efekti primene obaveznog izbornog pred-

meta fi zičko vaspitanje-izborni sport u osnovnoj školi, Nastavna praksa 2, Beograd.

2. Sretenović, Z. (2012). Planiranje nastave fi zičko vaspitanje-izabrani sport, Fizička kultura 2, Beograd.

3. Zakon o osnovama sistema obrazovanja i vaspitanja , (2013). Službeni glasnik RS-Prosvetni glasnik, br. 55.

121

CURRENT PROBLEMS IN REALIZATION OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION

CLASSES SELECTED SPORT IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL

Dragoljub Višnjić1, Zoran Sretenović2

1University of Belgrade, Faculty of sport and physical educatio, Belgrade, Serbia 2Ministry of Education, Science and Technological development, educational counselor,

School Administration of Kragujevac

Introduction

Since the school year 2007/2008 the curriculum of the second cycle of elementary education in the Repub-

lic of Serbia, prescribed the obligatory course of PE – selected sport. Th ere are some inherited inconsisten-

cies in the course, which are not in line with the course conception. Th e research performed on a sample

of 41 school and 952 pupils of both genders, provided a course evaluation and the results show the extent

to which the course satisfi es the assigned educational didactic-organizational standards.

Method

Th e aim of this research was to evaluate the instruction of the course of PE-selected sport in order to ob-

jectivise the practical outcomes. Th e subject of the research was to assess the subject through planning and

instruction realization as well as its compliance with the students’ interests.

A systematic non experimental research of explorative character was carried out. Th e method of theoreti-

cal analysis was used with the following research instruments: Questionnaire for assessment of instruction

realization and the Protocool for monitoring of school documents. Th e dependent variables were insturc-

tion planning and realization and the independent ones included: pupils’ gender, conditions for instruction

and school location. Th e descriptive analysis and comparative statistics were used. Th e X2 test was deter-

mined by the contingency tables.


Only 18,4% of schools conducted a questionnaire so that their pupils can select sport. Individual sports

were not off ered enough (track and fi eld 30,7%, gymnastics 20,2%, swimming 14,4%). In 50% of the schools

only sports games were off ered. Inter-class competitions were held in 8 schools only. Plans are incomplete

(only 19.51% of the plans contains more complex contents; no plan for development of motor abilities etc.).

Th ere is no continuity in planning the course realization.

Conclusion

Th e research conclusion indicate that the course instruction is neither planned nor realized in compliance

with the course concept. Instruction planning is incomplete. Th e rule of selectiveness was not fully re-

spected. Th e off ered sports were not harmonized with the pupils’ interests. Th e conditions for execution of

classes are the limiting factor. Th ere incompetence was also found in realization of competitions predicted

by the syllabus.

Key words: physical education, PE course - selected sport, evaluation, instruction, planning, pupils.

References1. Milanović, Radisavljević, Pašić, (2013) : Teorijsko-konceptualna osnova i efekti primene obaveznog izbornog

predmeta fi zičko vaspitanje-izborni sport u osnovnoj školi, Nastavna praksa 2, Beograd.

2. Sretenović, Z. (2012) : Planiranje nastave fi zičko vaspitanje-izabrani sport, Fizička kultura 2, Beograd.

3. Zakon o osnovama sistema obrazovanja i vaspitanja , (2013) : Službeni glasnik RS-Prosvetni glasnik, br. 55.

122

BARIJERE PRI REALIZACIJI NASTAVE FIZIČKOG VASPITANJA DECE

SA SMETNJAMA U RAZVOJU

Radmila Nikić, Fadilj Eminović, Dušica Jokić, Sanja Dimoski, Irena Stojković

Univerzitet u Beogradu, Fakultet za specijalnu edukaciju i rehabilitaciju, Beograd, Srbija

Uvod

Fizičko vaspitanje ima značajan uticaj na razvoj i održavanje fi zičkih i funkcionalnih sposobnosti, formi-

ranje motornih umenja i navika, a posredno utiče na očuvanje zdravlja, razvoj pozitivnih osobina ličnosti,

intelektualni i mentalni razvoj dece sa smetnjama u razvoju.

Metod

Cilj ovog rada je da se utvrde koje su barijere pri realizaciji nastave fi zičkog vaspitanja kod dece sa smetn-

jama u razvoju u specijalnim školama. Istraživanjem je obuhvaćeno 28 nastavnika fi zičkog vaspitanja koji

rade sa decom sa smetnjama u razvoju u specijalnim školama. Upitnik je obuhvatao četiri oblasti: arhitek-

tonske barijere, stavove, predrasude i predloge za prevazilaženje postojećih barijera u specijalnim školama.

U metodologiji smo koristili metodu teorijske analize i neeksperimentalnu metodu.


Fizičko vaspitanje dece sa smetnjama u razvoju predstavlja specifi čnost u radu sa ovom populacijom, pa

somatometodski pristup mora da dođe do izražaja, odnosno svaka fi zička aktivnost mora da se prilagodi

individualnim sposobnostima dece, poštujući osnovne zahteve fi zičkog vaspitanja (Stošljević, 1976). Re-

zultati istraživanja su pokazali da barijere u specijalnim školama se odnose na neadekvatan prostor odnos-

no, salu za fi zičko vaspitanje, nedostatak nastavnih sredstava prilagođenih deci sa smetnjama u razvoju,

komunikacija koja otežava nastavu, kao i nedovoljna edukacija nastavnika fi zičkog vaspitanja.

Zaključak

Nastava fi zičkog vaspitanja za decu sa smetnjama u razvoju je od velikog značaja i sva deca sa smetnjama

u razvoju mogu da učestvuju u realizaciji nastave fi zičkog vaspitanja u skladu sa njihovim motoričkim

sposobnostima.

Ključne reči: Barijere, realizacija nastave, fi zičko vaspitanje, deca sa smetnjama u razvoju

Literatura1. Stošljević L., Fizičko vaspitanje u specijalnom školstvu, Seminar za nastavnike lako mentalno retardirane dece u

osnovnim i srednjim školama, Diskusija, Banja Luka. (1976)

123

BARRIERS IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION CLASSES

FOR CHILDREN WITH DISABILITIES

Radmila Nikić, Fadilj Eminović, Dusica Jokić, Sanja Dimoski, Irena Stojković

University of Belgrade, Faculty of Special Education and Rehabilitation, Belgrade, Serbia

Introduction

Physical education has a signifi cant impact on the development and maintenance of physical and func-

tional abilities, the formation of motor skills and habits, and indirectly aff ect the preservation of health,

develop positive personality traits, intellectual and mental development of children with disabilities.

Methods

Th e objective of this study is to determine what are the barriers in the implementation of teaching physi-

cal education to children with disabilities in special schools. Th e survey included 28 physical education

teachers who work with children with disabilities in special schools. Th e questionnaire covered four areas:

architectural barriers, attitudes, prejudices and suggestions for overcoming existing barriers to special

schools. Th e methodology we have used the method of theoretical analysis and non-experimental method.


Physical education for children with disabilities represent the specifi city of working with this population,

and somatomethod approach must come to the fore, or any physical activity must be adapted to the in-

dividual abilities of children, according to the basic requirements of physical education (Stošljević, 1976).

Results showed that the barriers to special schools related to inadequate space or, hall for physical educa-

tion, the lack of teaching aids, adapted for children with disabilities, which hinders communication classes,

as well as insuffi cient training of physical education teachers.

Conclusion

Physical education for children with disabilities is of great importance and all children with disabilities can

participate in teaching physical education in accordance with their motor skills.

Keywords: barriers, realization, teaching physical education, children with disabilities

References1. Stošljević L., Fizičko vaspitanje u specijalnom školstvu, Seminar za nastavnike lako mentalno retardirane dece u

osnovnim i srednjim školama, Diskusija, Banja Luka. (1976).

Th e paper is part of the project “Eff ects of applied physical activity on locomotion, metabolic, psycho-social and educational status

of the population in Republic of Serbia” (No III47015), and sub- project „eff ects of applied physical activity to locomotion, meta-

bolic and educational status of the population in Republic of Serbia, fi nancially supported by the Ministry of Education, Science

and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia (Project cycle 2011-2014).

124

SAMOVREDNOVANJE NASTAVNIKA FIZIČKE KULTURE

U RADU SA OMETENOM DECOM

Fadilj Eminović, Darinka Marinković, Radmila Nikić, Aleksandra Grbović

Univerzitet u Beogradu, Fakultet za specijalnu edukaciju i rehabilitaciju, Beograd, Srbija

Uvod

Samovrednovanje je postupak kojim se vrednuje sopstvena praksa i sopstveni rad, polazeći od analize šta

je i kako je urađeno. Samovrednovanje, posmatrano iz ugla nastavnika, znači stalni proces sprovođenja,

analiziranja, korigovanja i planiranja sopstvene nastavne prakse. Redovno i sistemsko praćenje, kao

i ocenjivanje rezultata koji se pritom ostvaruju, bitne su pretpostavke i uslov uspešnosti u svakom

savremenom organizovanom radu, pa i u fi zičkom vaspitanju. Proveravanje i ocenjivanje imaju svoje puno

opravdanje ako se obezbedi permanentno evidentiranje svih podataka koji su od značaja za potpuni uvid

u kvalitet i efi kasnost rada.

Metode

Cilj ovog istraživanja je da na osnovu upitnika za samovrednovanje ispitamo subjektivno mišljenje nas-

tavnika fi zičkog vaspitanja o planiranju i prilagođavanju časa fi zičkog vaspitanja i da ispitamo odnos

između redovne i specijalne škole. Uzorak istraživanja čine 14 nastavnika fi zičkog vaspitanja u specijalnim

školama i 11 nastavnika fi zičkog vaspitanja u redovnim školama. Upitnik sadrži pet delova. Prva grupa

pitanja odnosi se na samog ispitanika, pol, godine radnog staža, da li radi u specijalnoj ili redovnoj školi,

zatim slede: planiranje i prilagođavanje časa fi zičkog vaspitanja, komunikacija nastavnika sa učenicima,

motivacija učenika, ocenjivanje učenika.


Rezultati istraživanja su pokazali da nastavnici fi zičkog vaspitanja smatraju da je važno posvetiti pažnju

planiranju i prilagođavanju nastave fi zičkog vaspitanja kada su u pitanju deca sa smetnjama u razvoju.

Takođe, za izvođenje nastave važna je i komunikacija sa učenicima i njihovo motivisanje. Neke razlike

u mišljenju su se javile kada se govori o mestu izvođenja nastave i korišćenju nastavnih sredstava, zbog

neprilagođenosti istih, potrebama dece sa smetnjama. I postoje razlike u mišljenju šta je važno u komu-

nikaciji sa decom, na primer većina nastavnika u specijalnim školama ocenili su kao veoma važno da se

jasno i pravilno izražavaju na času, dok je većina nastavnika u redovnim školama kao veoma važno ocenila

da vodi računa da učenici međusobno slušaju jedni druge.

Zaključak

Rad sa decom je vrlo izazovan i uzbudljiv, ali pre svega odgovoran posao. Nastavnik mora da poseduje raz-

na znanja, talente, sposobnosti, a najviše od svega, mora da poštuje svako dete sa svim njegovim sposobno-

stima i mogućnostima. Ovim istraživanjem procenili smo subjektivna mišljenja nastavnika, u budućnosti

bi bilo značajno da se uradi objektivno vrednovanje koje bi se uporedilo sa ovim rezultatima.

Ključne reči: Samovrednovanje, nastavnik, fi zička kultura, ometena deca

Literatura1. Eminović, F., Čanović, D., Nikić, R. (2011): Fizička kultura 1 - Физичко васпитање деце ометене у развоју.

Univerzitet u Beogradu, Fakultet za specijalnu edukaciju i rehabilitaciju, Beograd.

125

SELFEVALUATION OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION TEACHERS

IN WORKING WITH HANDICAPPED CHILDREN


University of Belgrade, Faculty of Special Education and Rehabilitation, Belgrade, Serbia

Introduction

Self-assessment is a procedure that evaluates their own practice and their own work, starting from the

analysis of what is and how it is done. Self-evaluation, as seen from the perspective of teachers, h means

a continuous process of implementation, analysis, correction and planning their own teaching practice.

Regular and systematic monitoring and evaluation of the realized results given, are essential prerequisites

for success and every modern organized labor, even in physical education. Revision and evaluation are fully

justifi ed by providing a permanent recording of all data that are important for a complete insight into the

quality and effi ciency of work.

Methods

Th e objective of this research was, based on self-assessment questionnaire, to examine the subjective opin-

ion of physical education teachers on planning and adapting the physical education class and to examine

the relationship between mainstream and special schools. Research sample consists of 14 physical educa-

tion teachers in special schools and 11 teachers of physical education at regular schools. Questionnaire

contains fi ve parts. Th e fi rst set of questions relates to the respondents, gender, years of service, whether

working in special or mainstream school, followed by: planning and adapting the physical education class,

the communication between teachers and students, student motivation, student assessment.


Results showed that physical education teachers believe that it is important to pay attention to planning

and adapting teaching physical education when it comes to children with disabilities. Also, teaching is im-

portant and communication with students and motivating them. Some diff erences of opinion have arisen

when talking about the place of teaching and the use of teaching resources, the lack of adaptation of the

same, the needs of children with disabilities. And there are diff erences of opinion of what is important in

communicating with children, for example, most teachers in special schools were rated as very important

to clearly and correctly expressed at the time, while the majority of teachers in mainstream schools as-

sessed as very important to take into account that students mutually listen to each other.

Conclusion

Working with children is very challenging and exciting, but above all a responsible job. Th e teacher must

possess a variety of skills, talents, abilities, and most of all, must respect each child with all its capabilities

and possibilities. Th is study assessed the subjective opinions of teachers, in the future it would be impor-

tant to do an objective evaluation that could compare with these results.

Keywords: Self-evaluation, teacher, physical education, disabled children

References1. Eminović, F., Čanović, D., Nikić, R. (2011): Fizička kultura 1 - Физичко васпитање деце ометене у развоју.

Univerzitet u Beogradu, Fakultet za specijalnu edukaciju i rehabilitaciju, Beograd.

126

TREND PROMENE BAVLJENJA BAZIČNIM SPORTOVIMA

I SPORTSKIM IGRAMA KOD DECE OSNOVNO ŠKOLSKOG UZRASTA

RASINSKOG OKRUGA

Radoslav Komlenović1, Milivoj Dopsaj2

1Parlament R Srbije, Beograd, Srbija2Univerzitet u Beogradu, Fakultet sporta i fi zičkog vaspitanja, Beograd, Srbija

Uvod

Povećanje učestalosti bavljenja sportom kod osnovno školske dece u R Srbiji je prepoznato kao jedno

od strateških opredeljenja (Strategija, 2008), upravo zbog fenomena gde moderan način života i sve veća

tehnologizacija utiče da fi zička neaktivnost kod mladih bude sve više zastupljena. Činjenica je da fi zička

neaktivnost dece i adolescenata negativno utiče na fi zički, zdravstveni, društveni i duhovni razvoj, što gen-

eralno ugrožava i biološki korpus nacije, odnosno stanje javnog zdravlja u zemlji (Dopsaj i Komlenović,

2013). Jedan od strateških ciljeva razvoja sporta u našoj zemlji je i da redovno bavljenje sportom bude

opšte prihvaćen i poželjan model društvenog ponašanja, a naročito kod školske dece i omladine (Strategija,

2008). Cilj ovog rada je da utvrdi trend promene učešća dece osnovnoškolskog uzrasta Rasinskog okruga,

kako jednog centralnog okruga u R Srbiji, u sistemu takmičarskog sporta i to sa aspekta: bazičnih sportova

(plivanje, gimnastika i atletika) kao sportova koji su prepoznati kao osnova za opšti motorički razvoj, i

sportskih igara (fudbal, košarka, rukomet i odbojka) kao najpopularnijih sportskih grana u zemlji.

Metod

Istraživanje je realizovano kao neeksperimentalno, gde su se svi podaci dobili primenom metode – anketiranje.

Za potrebe ovog istraživanja je anketirano 5200 učenika (dečaci i devojčice, generalno) osnovnoškolskog

razreda (od 1 do 8 razreda) iz 30 škola Rasinskog okruga i to: 4 grada i 12 sela. Rezultati su analizirani primenom

metode deskriptivne statistike, dok su trendovi defi nisani metodom linearne regresije.


Rezultati su pokazali da 46.08% učenika ne učestvuje u sistemu takmičarskog sporta, odnosno ne trenira

ni jedan sport. Najviše učenika se bavi fudbalom (14.31%), odbojkom (9.04%), plivanjem (6.21%), košarkom

(5.12%), rukometom (2.79%), gimnastikom (2.31%), a najmanje atletikom (0.35%). Kod svih bazičnih sportova

je uočen negativni trend bavljenja sportom u funkciji osnovnoškolskog uzrasta, gde je konstanta smanjivanja

broja učenika po godini osnovne škole u sportu sledeća: plivanje, -4.4; gimanstika, -4.5; atletika, -0.5 učenika

manje po godini školskog uzrasta. Kod svih sportskih igara je uočen pozitivan trend bavljenja sportom gde je

konstanta povećanja broja učenika po godini osnovne škole u sistemu sporta sledeća: fudbal, 3.8; košarka, 8.8;

rukomet, 5.4; i odbojka, 15.1 učenika više po godini školskog uzrasta.

Zaključak

Rezultati ovog istraživanja su dali model trenda promena kao aktuelne kvantitativne informacije od interesa u

odnosu na učešće dece osnovnoškolskog uzrasta Rasinskog okruga u sistemu treniranja nekog takmičarskog

sporta. Rezultati su pokazali da postoji obrnuto proporcionalnan trend učestalosti bavljenja bazičnim spor-

tovima (negativan) u odnosu na sportske igre (pozitivan) u funkciji povećanja uzrasta školske dece.

Literatura1. Strategija razvoja sporta u R Srbiji za period od 2009. do 2013. godine (2008). Beograd: Službeni glasnik RS, broj

65/08.

2. Dopsaj, M., Komlenović, R. (2013). Analiza učešća dece osnovno školske populacije Rasinskog okruga u sistemu

sporta: pilot istraživanje, U: Nedeljković, A. (Ur.). Međunarodna naučna konferencija“Efekti primene fi zičke ak-

tivnosti na status dece, omladine i odraslih, Zbornik sažetaka (p. 100), FSFV: Beograd.

Rad je deo projekta „Efekti primenjene fi zičke aktivnosti na lokomotorni, metabolički, psiho-socijalni i vaspitni status populacije R

Srbije” pod brojem III47015, a kao deo potprojekta „Efekti primenjene fi zičke aktivnosti na lokomotorni, metabolički, psiho-socijalni

i vaspitni status populacije policije R Srbije,” koji se fi nansira od strane Ministarstva prosvete i nauke Republike Srbije – Ciklus

naučnih projekata 2011-2015.

127

TREND OF CHANGES IN INVOLVEMENT IN CORE SPORTS

AND SPORTS GAMES IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL PUPILS

OF THE RASINA DISTRICT

Radoslav Komlenović1, Milivoj Dopsaj2

1Parliament of the RS, Belgrade, Serbija2University of Belgrade, Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, Belgrade, Serbia

Introduction

Increase of involvement in sport of the elementary school pupils in the Republic of Serbia has been rec-

ognized as one of the strategic commitment (the Strategy, 2008), because of the phenomenon of modern

life and an increasing technologisation which cause a rise of incidence of physical inactivity of the youth.

Th e fact that inactivity with children and adolescents negatively aff ects physical, health, social and spiri-

tual development which generally endangers also the biological corpus of the nation i.e. national public

health (Dopsaj i Komlenović, 2013). One of the strategic aims of sport development in our country is to

adopt involvement in sport as a generally accepted and desirable model of social behaviour especially with

schoolchildren and youth (the Strategy, 2008). Th e aim of this paper was to establish the trend of change

of participation in the system of competitive sport of the schoolchildren from the Rasina district, chosen

as one of the central districts of the Republic of Serbia, from the aspect of: core sports (swimming, gym-

nastics and athletics) as the sports recognized as basis for general motor development and sports games

(football, basketball, handball and volleyball) as the nationally most popular sports branches.

Method

Th e research was realized as non-experimental, and all the data were obtained by the method of questionnaire.

5200 pupils (both males and females, generally) of elementary school grades (1-8th grade) from 30 schools

from the Rasina district: 4 cities and 12 villages, were surveyed for the purpose of this research. Th e results

were analysed by the application of descriptive statistics, while the trends were defi ned by the method of linear

regression.


Results have showed that 46.08% of the pupils do not participate in the system of competitive sport, i.e. does

not train any sport. Most student were involved in football (14.31%), handball (9.04%), swimming (6.21%),

basketball (5.12%), handball (2.79%), gymnastics (2.31%), while athletics is the least represented (0.35%). All

core sports showed negative tendency of involvement of sport at elementary school age with the following con-

stant of decrease in number of students per grade: swimming, -4.4; gymnastics, -4.5; athletics, -0.5 pupils less

per year of school age. Positive trend of involvement in sport was noticed in all sports games with the constnat

of increase in number of elementary school grade as follows: football, 3.8; basketball, 8.8; handball, 5.4; and

volleyball, 15.1 more pupils per the year of school age.

Conclusion

Th e results of this research gave a model of changes in trends of changes as real quantitative information signifi -

cant for participation of elementary school age pupils of the Rasina district in the system of training some com-

petitive sport. Th e results showed that there is a reverse proportional tendency of frequency of involvement in

core sports (negative) compared to sports games (positive) in the function of age increase of school age pupils.

References 1. Strategija razvoja sporta u R Srbiji za period od 2009. do 2013. godine (2008). Beograd: Službeni glasnik RS, broj

65/08.

2. Dopsaj, M., Komlenović, R. (2013). Analiza učešća dece osnovno školske populacije Rasinskog okruga u sistemu

sporta: pilot istraživanje, U: Nedeljković, A. (Ur.). Međunarodna naučna konferencija“Efekti primene fi zičke ak-

tivnosti na status dece, omladine i odraslih, Zbornik sažetaka (p. 100), FSFV: Beograd.


of the population in Republic of Serbia” (No III47015), and sub- project „eff ects of applied physical activity to locomotion, metabolic

and educational status of the population in Republic of Serbia, fi nancially supported by the Ministry of Education, Science and

Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia (Project cycle 2011-2014).

128

PROCENA ENERGETSKE POTROŠNJE

I NIVOA FIZIČKE AKTIVNOSTI KOD ADOLESCENATA:

RAZLIKE IZMEĐU SPORTISTA I NESPORTISTA

Milan Pašić2, Ivana Milanović1, Snežana Radisavljević Janić1

1Univerzitet u Beogradu, Fakultet sporta i fi zičkog vaspitanja, Beograd, Srbija2OŠ “Ivo Andrić“, Beograd, Srbija

Uvod

Fizička aktivnost (FA) je važan faktor u postizanju optimalnog zdravstvenog stanja, a takođe utiče da se

smanji rizik od različitih oboljenja. Ukupna dnevna energetska potrošnja (UEP) predstavlja sve vrste ener-

getske potrošnje (EP) u toku 24 sata, gde EP povezana sa FA predstavlja najvarijabilniju komponentu UEP.

FA i EP tokom fi zičke aktivnosti (FAEP) su različite kod pojedinaca i one treba precizno da se izmere i da

se uspostavi odnos sa zdravstvenim ishodima (Wong, Day, Luan, Chan, & Wareham, 2003). Posebno su

istražene: razlike u nivoima FA i FAEP sportista (SP) i nesportista (NSP) adolescenta dečaka i devojčica

i razlike u nivoima FA i FAEP kod SP i NSP dečaka i devojčica adolescenata tokom školskih dana i dana

vikenda .

Metod

U pilot studiji uključeno je 115 dece (53 dečaka i 62 devojčice) koja pohađaju osnovnu školu u Beogradu,

prosečne starosti 14.0 (SD = 0.6) godina, i koja su podeljena na osnovu njihovih sportskih aktivnosti (up-

itnik) u subuzorke: sportisti (n = 63) i nesportisti (n = 52). Nivo FA i EE mereni su tokom dva školska dana

i dva dana vikenda. EP, trajanje i nivo FA mereni su na osnovu SenseWear Pro3 Armaband (SWA) uređaja

(BodyMedia Inc, Pittsburgh, PA, USA).


Na osnovu dobijenih rezultata, glavne razlike su identifi kovane između SP i NSP devojčica, sa boljim re-

zultatima koje su ostvarile devojčice SP. Nije bilo razlike u vremenu provedenom u FA između SP i NSP

dečaka, osim u segmentu sedentarna FA (p = 0.047), u korist dečaka SP. Devojčice SP ostvarile su već u

relativizovanu EP (p = 0.023) i FAEP (p = 0.007), zatim više vremena su provele u ukupnoj FA (p = 0.013),

umerenoj FA (p = 0.032), energičnoj FA (p = 0.006) i veoma energičnoj FA (p = 0.008).

Zaključak

Devojčice NSP manje su bile aktivne na svim nivoima FA u poređenju sa svojim vršnjakinjama SP, i manje

su aktivne tokom dana vikenda nego tokom školskih dana. Bavljenje fi zičkim vežbanjem se nameće kao ak-

tivnost od esencijalne važnosti za održavanje zdravlja nacije, i to zdravlja koje predstavlja celovito fi zičko,

mentalno i socijalno blagostanje čove ka.

Ključne reči: Adolescenti, sportisti, energetska potrošnja, fi zička aktivnost, SenseWear Pro3 Armaband

Literatura1. Marinović, M. (2009). Koliko bavljenje sportom može doprinijeti zdravlju djece? Paediatr Croat; 53 (Supl 1): 200-

204

2. Wong, M. Y., Day, N. E., Luan, J. A., Chan, K. P. & Wareham, N. J. (2003). Th e detection of gene-environment in-

teraction for continuous traits: should we deal with measurement error by bigger studies or better measurement?

Int J Epidemiol; 32 (1), 51-57.

129

ESTIMATED ENERGY EXPENDITURE

AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY LEVELS IN ADOLESCENTS:

DIFFERENCES BETWEEN ATHLETES AND NONATHLETES

Milan Pašić2, Ivana Milanović1, Snežana Radisavljević Janić1

1University of Belgrade, Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, Belgrade, Serbia2Elementary school “Ivo Andrić“, Belgrade, Serbia

Introduction

Physical activity (PA) is an important factor in achieving the optimal condition of health, and also has eff ect

on the decrease of the risk of various diseases.Total daily energy expenditure (TEE) represents all of types

of EE in 24 hours, whears EE associated with PA is the most variable component of TEE. PA and physi-

cal activity energy expenditure (PAEE) are highly variable between individuals and need to be accurately

measured to establish the relationship with health outcomes (Wong et al., 2003). In particular we explored:

diff erences in PA level and EE of athletes (AT) and nonathletes (NAT) adolescent boys and girls, and dif-

ferences in PA level and EE of AT and NAT adolescent boys and girls during schooldays and weekends.

Method

Th is pilot study included 115 children (53 boys and 62 girls) attending elementary school in Belgrade, with

an average age of 14.0 (SD=0.6), who were divided, based on their sports activity (based on questionnaire)

into athletes (n = 63) and nonathletes (n = 52). Th e level of PA and EE were measured during two school-

days and two weekend days. Th e level of PA was objective measured by using multiple-sensor body moni-

tor (SenseWear Armband; BodyMedia Inc., Pittsburgh, PA, USA).


Based on the obtained results, the major diff erences were identifi ed between AT and NAT girls, with better

scores achieved by the AT girls. Th ere were no diff erences in time spent in PA between the AT and NAT

boys, except in the segment of light PA (p = 0.047), in favor of NAT boys. AT girls achieved higher total

relativized EE (p = 0.023) and PAEE (p = 0.007), the time they spent in PA in next category total PA (p =

0.013), “intensive“ PA (p = 0.032), vigorous PA (p = 0.006) and very vigorous PA (p = 0.008).

Conclusion

NAT girls engaged less in total and at all levels PA compared with their AT peers and they were less ac-

tive at weekends than on schooldays. Engaging in physical exercise is imposed as an activity of essential

importance for the maintenance of the nation’s health, and to health posed by complete physical, mental

and social well-being of man.

Key words: Adolescents, Athletes, Energy expenditure, Physical activity, SenseWear Pro3 Armaband

References1. Marinović, M. (2009). Koliko bavljenje sportom može doprinijeti zdravlju djece? Paediatr Croat; 53 (Supl 1):200-

204

2. Wong, M. Y., Day, N. E., Luan, J. A., Chan, K. P. & Wareham, N. J. (2003). Th e detection of gene-environment in-

teraction for continuous traits: should we deal with measurement error by bigger studies or better measurement?

Int J Epidemiol; 32 (1), 51-57.

130

ORGANIZACIJA ORIJENTIRING SEKCIJE

U OSNOVNOJ ŠKOLI

Nenad Vukadinović1, Irina Juhas1, Jelena Kozoderović2

1Univerzitet u Beogradu, Fakultet sporta i fi zičkog vaspitanja, Beograd, Srbija 2 Železnička tehnička škola, Beograd, Srbija

Uvod

Za decu osnovnog i srednjeg školskog uzrasta od izuzetnog značaja je kvalitetna organizacija vančasovnih

aktivnosti kao sastavnog dela programa fi zičkog vaspitanja. Vančasovne aktivnosti pružaju učenicima

mogućnost upoznavanja i obučavanja sportova koji nisu predviđeni planom i programom fi zičkog vaspi-

tanja. Svaka škola je obavezna da omogući permanentno učestvovanje učenika u “sekcijama” za fi zičku kul-

turu koji su se za to dobrovoljno opredelili na osnovu interesovanja, ili sposobnosti koje je uočio nastavnik

(Višnjić, Miletić, Jovanović, 2004). Aktivan boravak u prirodi u vidu orijentacionog kretanja višestruko je

koristan za očuvanje i razvijanje psihofi zičkih sposobnosti. Cilj ovog rada je da se predstave mogućnosti

organizacije orijentiring sekcije u osnovnoj školi.

Metod

U radu je primenjen deskriptivni metod da bi bila prikazana orijentiring sekcija kao oblik vančasovnih

aktivnosti učenika. Plan i program sekcije koncipiran je tako da nastavnicima fi zičkog vaspitanja u svojim

školama omogući relativno jednostavan organizacioni način primene i realizacije orijentiring sekcije kroz

30 časova.


Očekivani ishod orijentiring sekcije jeste osposobljavanje učenika da samostalno nastupaju na

takmičenjima. Osposobljavanje se vrši kroz realizaciju ciljeva i zadataka sekcije, primenom metodskih

postupaka uz poštovanje karakteristika uzrasta, predznanja i tempa savladavanja obuke. Plan i program

rada sekcije obuhvata savladavanje osnovnih tehnika u orijentiringu, kroz teorijski i praktičan rad: crtanje

plana učionice, sale za fi zičko vaspitanje i školskog dvorišta i samostalni prelazak staze sa više kontrolnih

tačaka, orijentacione igre, upotreba kompasa, određivanje azimuta, linijska orijentacija, izbor puta, skor

staza, štafeta, napadna tačka, pomoćni orijentiri, metod “Zvezda”, namerna greška, izohipse i oblici reljefa,

takmičenje Beogradske školske lige. U radu sa učenicima, koji se prvi put susreću sa orijentiringom, glavno

težište treba da bude na radu sa kartom i shvatanju odnosa između prirode i karte.

Zaključak

U osnovnim školama postoje mogućnosti za organizaciju orijentiring sekcija, a značajna je i povezanost sa

drugim nastavnim predmetima. Prikazani model pruža optimalan nivo teorijskih i praktičnih znanja koje

učenici mogu da primene na školskim takmičenjima.

Ključne reči: orijentiring, sekcija, osnovna škola

Literatura1. Višnjić, D., Miletić, K., Jovanović, A. (2004). Teorija i metodika fi zičkog vaspitanja. Beograd: FSFV

2. Juhas, I., Radosavljević, B. (2001). Početna škola orijentacije. Fizička kultura, 55(1-4), 62-66.

Istraživanje je realizovano u okviru projekta „Efekti primenjene fi zičke aktivnosti na lokomotorni, metabolički, psiho-socijalni i

vaspitni status populacije R Srbije“pod brojem III47015, kao deo potprojekta “Efekti primenjene fi zičke aktivnosti na lokomot-

orni, metabolički, psiho-socijalni i vaspitni status školske populacijeR Srbije” koji je fi nansiran od strane Ministarstva za nauku i

tehnološki razvoj R Srbije – Ciklus naučnih projekata 2011-2014.

131

THE ORGANIZATION OF ORIENTEERING SECTION

IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL

Nenad Vukadinovic1, Irina Juhas2, Jelena Kozoderovic1University of Belgrade, Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, Belgrade, Serbia

2 Railway Technical School, Belgrade, Serbia

Introduction

Th e great importance for children in primary and secondary school age is the quality of the organization of

extracurricular activities as an integral part of the physical education program. Extracurricular activities

off er students the opportunity to learn and train sports not provided by curriculum of physical education.

Each school is required to provide a permanent participation of students in PE “sections”, who have vol-

untarily opted for it on the basis of interests, or skills identifi ed by the teacher (Visnjic, Miletic, Jovanovic,

2004). Staying active in nature in terms of the orientation movement is greatly benefi cial for the develop-

ment of mental and physical abilities. Th e aim of this paper is to present opportunities for the organizing

orienteering section in elementary school.

Method

Descriptive method was applied so that an orienteering section could be shown as a form of extra-curricu-

lar activities of students. Plan and program of the section is designed so that teachers of physical education

in their schools provide a relatively simple organizational method of application and implementation of

orienteering section for 30 hours.


Th e expected outcome of orienteering section is to enable students to independently perform at competi-

tions. Training is done through the implementation of goals and objectives of the section, using method-

ological procedures with respect to the pupils’ age, prior knowledge and everyday mastering of training.

Plan and program of the section include mastering the basic technique in orienteering, through theoretical

and practical work: drawing of the class plan, physical education and school yard and independent cross-

ing course with many control points, orientation games, use of a compass, determining the azimuth, line

orientation, route choice, relay, attack point, control point, the “Star” method, „aiming off “, contour lines

and relief forms, contest the Belgrade school leagues. In working with students who are for the fi rst time in

orienteering, the main focus should be on reading the maps, and understanding the relationship between

nature and maps.

Conclusion

In primary schools, there are possibilities of organizing orienteering section, and there is a signifi cant cor-

relation with other subjects. Th e presented model provides the optimal level of theoretical and practical

knowledge that students can apply in school competitions.

Key words: orienteering, section, elementary school

Literature1. Višnjić, D., Miletić, K., Jovanović, A. (2004). Teorija i metodika fi zičkog vaspitanja. Beograd: FSFV

2. Juhas, I., Radosavljević, B. (2001). Početna škola orijentacije. Fizička kultura, 55(1-4), 62-66.


of the population in Republic of Serbia” number III47015, as a part of subproject “Eff ects of applied physical activity on locomo-

tion, metabolic, psycho-social and educational status of the school population in Republic of Serbia” funded by Ministry of Educa-

tion and Science Republic of Serbia – the cycle of research projects 2011 - 2014.

132

ZADOVOLJSTVO KVALITETOM NASTAVE

POLAZNIKA ŠKOLE SKIJANJA

Dragiša Mladenović

Škola skijanja Kopaonik, Kopaonik, Srbija

Uvod

Ispitivanje zadovoljstva polaznika škole skijanja omogućava dobijanje povratnih informacija u cilju

poboljšanja i unapređenja kvaliteta nastave. Cilj rada je bio da se utvrdi zadovoljstvo roditelja dece po-

laznika škole skijanja, kao i da li postoji razlika u prosečnoj oceni zadovoljstva roditelja u odnosu na starost

i pol dece polaznika.

Metod

Istraživanje je obuhvatilo 206 dece (118 dečaka i 88 devojčica), prosečne starosti 6.42 god. (SD= 2.276), po-

laznika škole skijanja na Kopaoniku u sezoni 2013/2014. godine. Nakon sprovedene obuke alpskog skijanja

u trajanju od 6 dana, po 2 sata dnevno, roditelji dece polaznika su popunili anonimni anketni upitnik o

zadovoljstvu kvalitetom nastave u školi skijanja. Na skali ocena od 1 do 5, roditelji su ocenili svoje zadovo-

ljstvo dostignutim nivoom znanja skijanja deteta, brzinom adaptacije deteta, razumevanjem postavljanih

zadataka, napredovanjem u skijanju i komunikacijom deteta sa instruktorom. Statistička analiza je urađena

pomoću softvera SPSS 18. Na dobijenim podacima urađena je deskriptivna statistika, T-test i univarijantna

analiza varijanse (ANOVA).


Univarijantnom analizom (ANOVA) utvrđeno je da u odnosu na starost polaznika škole skijanja, nema

značajne razlike u ocenama zadovoljstva roditelja u pogledu naučenog znanja (F=2.163; p=0.094), razume-

vanja zadataka (F=2.095; p=0.102), napredovanja (F=2.919; p=0.35) i komunikacije deteta sa instruktorom

(F=0.932; p=0.426), dok je dobijena statistički značajna razlika u oceni zadovoljstva roditelja u pogledu

brzine adaptacije deteta na plan i program škole skijanja (F=4.199; p=0.007). Brzinom adaptacije deteta

najzadovoljniji su bili roditelji dece uzrasta 6-8 godina. U odnosu na pol polaznika škole skijanja, nije

uočena značajna razlika u ocenama zadovoljstva roditelja u svi posmatranim varijablama. Ukupna ocena

zadovoljstva je iznosila 4.74.

Zaključak

Rezultati ukazuju na visok nivo zadovljstva roditelja kvalitetom nastave u školi skijanja, što potvrđuju i

rezultati da su kod 64.6% roditelja očekivanja u pogledu škole skijanja ispunjena, a kod 34.5% premašena,

kao i da je 96.1% dece zavolelo skijanje.

Ključne reči: škola skijanja, deca, zadovoljstvo roditelja

Literatura1. Goršnik J. (2002). Neke od značajki programiranja rada s djecom predškolske dobi u alpskom skijanju. Zbornik ra-

dova 11. ljetne škole kineziologa Republike Hrvatske, Findak V. (ur.). Zagreb: Hrvatski kineziološki savez, 233-35.

2. Pečujlija M, Simeunović N, Bojanić R. (2008) Utvrđivanje zadovoljstva studenata uslugama nastavnog osoblja

kao podloga za unapređenje obrazovnog procesa. XIV Skup Trendova razvoja: “Efi kasnost i kvalitet bolonjskih

studija” Kopaonik, Srbija.

133

PARENTS’ SATISFACTION WITH QUALITY OF TEACHING

IN SKI SCHOOL


Ski school Kopaonik, Kopaonik, Srbija

Introduction

Examination of participants’ satisfaction in ski school, allow us to learn their opinion about ski school

and this is very important to enhance and improve the quality of teaching. Th e aim of this study was to

determine the satisfaction of parents’ of children participants with ski school program, as well as to fi nd if

there is any diff erence in the average rate of parents’ satisfaction in relation to age and sex of the children

participants.

Method

Th e research was conducted on 206 participants in Ski school Kopaonik (118 boys and 88 girls), mean age

6.42 (SD=2.27) during the winter season 2013/2014. After completing the six days training, two hours a

day, parents of children participants fi lled out an anonymous questionnaire about satisfaction with the

quality of teaching in the ski school. Parents attributed grades from one to fi ve for their satisfaction with:

child’s level knowledge of skiing, speed of child’s adaptation to the ski school program, child’s understand-

ing for assigned tasks, progression in ski learning and instructor’s communication with a child. Statistical

analysis was performed using SPSS 18 statistical packet. Th e data were computed in descriptive statistics,

T-test and univariate analysis of variance (ANOVA).


Univariate statistical analysis (ANOVA) established that there is no signifi cant diff erence in relation to the

age of participants in parents’ satisfaction with child’s level skiing knowledge (F=2.163; p=0.094), child’s

understanding for assigned tasks (F=2.095; p=0.102), progression in ski learning (F=2.919; p=0.35) and

instructor’s communication with a child (F=0.932; p=0.426), but there is signifi cant diff erence with speed

of child’s adaptation to the ski school program (F=4.199; p=0.007). Th e most satisfi ed with speed of child’s

adaptation to the ski school program were parents of children aged 6-8 years. Th ere isn`t a signifi cant dif-

ference in parents satisfaction in relation to the sex of ski school participants. Th e mean value of parents’

satisfaction for all domains was 4.74.

Conclusion

Results indicate high levels of parents’ satisfaction with the quality of teaching in ski school, which is also

confi rmed by the result that parents’ expectations are in 64.6% fulfi lled and in 34.5% exceeded. After a ski

school training 96.1% of participants loved skiing.

Key words: ski school, children, parents’ satisfaction

References1. Goršnik J. (2002). Neke od značajki programiranja rada s djecom predškolske dobi u alpskom skijanju. Zbornik ra-

dova 11. ljetne škole kineziologa Republike Hrvatske, Findak V. (ur.). Zagreb: Hrvatski kineziološki savez, 233-35.

2. Pečujlija M, Simeunović N, Bojanić R. (2008) Utvrđivanje zadovoljstva studenata uslugama nastavnog osoblja

kao podloga za unapređenje obrazovnog procesa. XIV Skup Trendova razvoja: “Efi kasnost i kvalitet bolonjskih

studija” Kopaonik, Srbija.

134

MERE BEZBEDNOSTI U PRAKTIČNOJ NASTAVI SKIJANJA

STUDENATA FSFVA U BEOGRADU

Vedrana Velimirović, Vićentić Katarina, Robert Ropret


Uvod

Skijanje je sportska i rekreativna aktivnost sa povećenim rizikom od povređivanja. Na povređivanje u ski-

janju utiču: efekti povećane nadmorske visine, klimatski faktori, kvalitet staza, skijaška oprema, lične spo-

sobnosti i dr. Predmet rada su mere bezbednosti u praktičnoj nastavi skijanja studenata Fakulteta sporta i

fi zičkog vaspitanja Univerziteta u Beogradu. Cilj rada je da se analizom postojećih dokumenata utvrde ne-

dostaci i predlože mere za unapređenje bezbednosti.

Metod

U radu je primenjen metod deskriptivne analize sadržaja dokumenata. Analizirana su zakonska doku-

menta, pravna dokumenta fakulteta, nastavni plan i program kao i sadržaji praktične nastave.


Prema nastavnom planu i programu studenti pohađaju 2 bloka praktične nastave po 7 dana na planini. U

cilju prevencije povređivanja preduzimaju se mere bezbednosti predviđene relevantnim zakonima, pravil-

nicima fakulteta i programom predmeta Teorija i metodika Skijanja. Upoznavanje sa merama bezbednosti

se realizuje kroz određene tematske jedinice, tokom teorijskih i praktičnih predavanja.

Zaključak

U praktičnoj nastavi se preduzimaju opsežne mere u vezi sa bezbednošću studenata i nastavnika. Utvrđeno

je da postojeća dokumenta i preduzete aktivnosti u najvećoj meri obuhvataju oblast bezbednosti kao i da

su potrebne određene izmene i dopune.

Ključne reči: skijanje, studenti, nastava, bezbednost, pravilnici

Literatura1. Zakon o javnim skijalištima. Službeni glasnik RS, br. 46/2006

2. Nastavni plan i program Fakulteta sporta i fi zičkog vaspitanja Univerziteta u Beogradu– Kurikulum (2014). FSFV.

Beograd

135

SAFETY MEASURES IN PRACTICAL SKIING TEACHING FOR STUDENTS OF

FSFV IN BELGRADE

Vedrana Velimirović, Katarina Vićentić, Robert Ropret


Introduction

Skiing is sports activity with an increased risk from injuries. Ski injuring may be attributed to the great

number factors: high altitude, climate factors, quality of snow surface, ski equipment, personal skills and

others. Th is paper deals with safety measures in practical teaching for students of the Faculty of Sport and

Physical Education of University in Belgrade. Th e aim of this paper is to analyze normative acts, determine

the failures and suggest measures for safety improving.

Method

A method of descriptive analysis of the documents content is applied. Th ere were addressed normative

documents as well as legal faculty documents, curriculum and the contents of practical training.


According to the curriculum, students attend two 7-day blocks of practical training on the mountain. In

order to prevent injury, safety measures has been undertaken provided by relevant laws, faculty regulations

and by program of the subject Th eory and Methodology of Skiing. Introduction of the safety measures has

been implemented through specifi c thematic units, during the theoretical and practical teaching.

Conclusion

Th e extensive measures regarding the safety of students and teachers have been undertaken during the

practical training. It was determined that the existing documents and activities mostly include the area of

security as well as that they need certain amendments.

Keywords: skiing, students, teaching, security, regulations

References1. Zakon o javnim skijalištima. Službeni glas nik RS, br. 46/2006

2. Nastavni plan i program Fakulteta sporta i fi zičkog vaspitanja Univerziteta u Beogradu– Kurikulum (2014). FSFV.

Beograd

136

UTICAJ ELEMENTARNIH I SPORTSKIH IGARA

NA AKTIVNO VREME VEŽBANJA

Živorad Marković, Aleksandar Ignjatović

Fakultet pedagoških nauka, Univerzitet u Kragujevcu, Jagodina, Srbija

Uvod

Najistaknutiji teoretičari i metodičari u fi zičkom vaspitanju pokušavali su da najracionalnijom strukturom

časa, dobiju najduže aktivno vreme vežbanja i time utiču na pozitivne efekte nastave fi zičkog vaspitanja.

Cilj rada je bio da se istraži uticaj elementarnih i sportskih igara na trajanje pojedinih delova časa fi zičkog

vaspitanja, kao i ukupno aktivno vreme (časa) vežbanja učenika mlađeg školskog uzrasta.

Metod

Istraživanje je realizovano u Osnovnoj školi “Jovan Jovanović Zmaj” u Svilajncu u drugom polugodištu

školske 2013/2014. godine. Posmatrani su časovi sa sadržajima iz elementarnih i sportskih igara. Aktivno

vreme vežbanja utvrđivalo se odabirom jednog učenika kome se meri i zapisuje vreme vežbanja u po-

jedinim delovima, kao i ukupno aktivno vreme vežbanja na času. Učenik, kome se meri aktivno vreme

vežbanja ne sme znati da je objekat posmatranja i merenja. Za obradu podataka pored deskriptivne statis-

tike, primenjen je t-test za male nezavisne uzorke.

Rezultati

Duže аktivno vreme vežbanja u prvom, trećem i četvrtom delu časa, kao i ukupno aktivno vreme vežbanja

dobijeno je na časovima sa sаdržajima iz sportskih igara. Vrednosti t-testa ne ukazuju na statistički značajne

razlike aktivnog vremena vežbanja po delovima kao i ukupnom aktivnom vremenu vežbanja u odnosu na

sadržaje iz elementarnih i sportskih igara.

Zaključak

Opšta konstatacija ukazuje da nastavni sadržaji iz elementarnih i sportskih igara kod učenika mlađeg

školskog uzrasta uslovljavaju približno isto aktivno vreme (časa) vežbanja.

Ključne reči: elementarne igre, sportske igre, t-test, mlađi školski uzrast

Literatura1. Marković, Ž. (2011). Struktura časa fi zičkog vaspitanja u različitim društveno-ekonomskim formacijama. U

Trifunović, V. (Ur.), Škola kao činilac razvoja nacionalnog i kulturnog identiteta i proevropskih vrednosti: obra-

zovanje i vaspitanje tradicija i savremenost, (50-59), Jagodina: Pedagoški fakultet u Jagodini.

2. Prskalo, I., Findak, V. (2004). Vrednovanje utjecaja dopunske vježbe na efektivno vrijeme vježbanja. U Findak, V.

(Ur), Zbornik radova sa 13 ljetne škole kineziologa Republike Hrvatske, (174-177), Rovinj: Hrvatski kineziološki

savez.

137

THE INFUENCE OF ELEMENTARY AND SPORT GAMES

ON ACTIVE EXERCISE TIME

Zivorad Markovic, Aleksandar Ignjatovic

Faculty of education, University of Kragujevac, Jagodina, Serbia

Introduction

Th e most eminent theoreticians and methodic experts in physical education have been trying to get the

longest active exercise time with the most rational lesson structure in order to infl uence positive eff ects of

physical education teaching. Th e goal of this research was to study the infl uence of elementary and sport

games on duration of some parts of a physical education lesson as well as total active time (lesson) of exer-

cise for younger school students.

Methods

Th e research was realized in primary school “Jovan Jovanovic Zmaj” in Svilajnac in the second term of

2013/2014 school year. Th e lessons with contents form elementary and sport games were observed. Ac-

tive time of exercise was determined by the choice of one student whose exercise time was measured and

monitored in some parts as well as total active time of exercise during the lesson. Th e student, whose ac-

tive exercise time is measured must not know that he/she is monitored. descriptive statistics and t-test for

small independent samples were used for the processing of data.

Results

Longer active time of exercising in the fi rst, second and the fourth part of the lesson, as well as the total

active time of exercising was noticed during the lessons with sport games. Th e t-test values do not indicate

statistically signifi cant diff erences of active time of exercising by parts as well as total active time of exercis-

ing in relation to contents from elementary and sport games.

Conclusion

General statement indicates that teaching plans from elementary and sport games foe younger school stu-

dents produce almost the same active time of (lesson) exercise.

Key words: elementary games, sport games, t-test, younger school students

References1. Marković, Ž. (2011). Struktura časa fi zičkog vaspitanja u različitim društveno-ekonomskim formacijama. U

Trifunović, V. (Ur.), Škola kao činilac razvoja nacionalnog i kulturnog identiteta i proevropskih vrednosti: obra-

zovanje i vaspitanje tradicija i savremenost, (50-59), Jagodina: Pedagoški fakultet u Jagodini.

2. Prskalo, I., Findak, V. (2004). Vrednovanje utjecaja dopunske vježbe na efektivno vrijeme vježbanja. U Findak, V.

(Ur.), Zbornik radova sa 13 ljetne škole kineziologa Republike Hrvatske, (174-177), Rovinj: Hrvatski kineziološki

savez.

138

139

SESIJA 7

ISTRAŽIVAČKOMETODOLOŠKI ASPEKTI

EFEKATA PRIMENE FIZIČKIH AKTIVNOSTI U SPORTU

SESSION 7

RESEARCHMETHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS

OF THE EFFECTS OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY APPLICATION IN SPORT

140

VRLINE PRAVOSLAVNIH SVETIH RATNIKA

U FUNKCIJI VASPITANJA MLADIH SPORTISTA

Đorđe Stefanović


Uvod

O pravoslavnim svetim ratnicima postoji nemalo žitija koje je Gospod proslavio, a Pravoslavna crkva sla-

vi. Danas postoji raspoloženje da se duhovne vrednosti šire i u prostoru sporta. Fenomen pravoslavnih

svetih ratnika može se posmatrati i iz ugla potrebe da se obnove duhovne i moralne vrednosti mladih

sportista kroz vaspitanje vrlina. Predmet istraživanja predstavlja pokušaj da se vrline pravoslavnih svetih

ratnika stave u prvi plan života mladog sportiste. Nastojalo se, da se u kontekstu praktičnog bogoslovlja

(primenjene teologije) razmotre i usklade osnovne istine pravoslavnog hrišćanskog učenja sa naučnim

dostignućima iz oblasti antropologije, andragogije, pedagogije, etike, sporta i drugih relevantnih naučnih

disciplina. Cilj istraživanja je da se osnovna načela vere svetih ratnika stave u kontekst nadmetanja za čast

i dostojanstvo kod mladih sportista, i to tako, da podstaknu učesnike da budu stvaraoci. Da iz stanja pro-

tivnika i konkurenata postanu borci za pobedu istine, a ne za poraz protivnika.

Metod

U ovom radu su se koristile sledeće metode bibliografsko-spekulativna, istorijska, analitičko-komparativna

i deskriptivna.

Rezultati

a) pravoslavni sveti ratnici su imali sličan životni put kao današnji vrhunski sportisti s aspekta vrlina i b)

vrline svetih ratnika i vrhunskih sportista predstavljaju „model za identifi kaciju“ koji može značajno da

utiče na unapređenje vaspitanja mladih sportista.

Zaključak

S obzirom na svima poznate „afere“ u skoro svim sportovima, nasilja i dr. koji ilustruju stanje „alarmantne

nemoći“, dorinos korišćenja vrlina pravoslavnih svetih ratnika mogao bi da ima značajan uticaj na vaspi-

tanje mladih sportista sa primarnim ciljem da se iz obilja teološke literature izdvoje oni sadržaji koji mogu

podstaći stvaralačku odgovornost svih pozitivnih faktora sportskih događanja – od samih sportista, preko

njihovih zvaničnika klubova, do samih navijača. Prepoznavanje ovih problema upućuje na teološke izvore

kao „bistre sadržaje“, gde se mogu naći nemali broj odgovora na postavljena pitanja. Pretpostavka je da

ovaj istraživački rad može u određenoj meri da doprinese unapređenju vaspitno-obrazovnog sistema pod-

mlatka koji se nalazi u prostoru sporta, a time i sveukupnom napretku zemlje.

Ključne reči: vrline, sveti ratnici, sportisti, vaspitanje i obrazovanje

Literatura1. Stefanović Đ. (2011). Filosofi ja, nauka teorija i praksa sporta. Fakulet sporta i fi zičkog vaspitanja, Univerzitet u

Beogradu

141

THE VIRTUES OF ORTHODOX HOLY WARRIORS

IN EDUCATION YOUNG ATHLETES

Djordje Stefanovic,


Introduction

Th ere are numerous hagiographies of the holy warriors whom our Lord celebrated and who are celebrated

by the Orthodox Church. Nowadays there is a tendency of spreading the spiritual values in the fi eld of

sports as well. Th e phenomenon of Orthodox Holy Warriors can also be viewed from the necessity to

restore the spiritual and moral values in young athletes trought training in virtues. Th e subject of the re-

search is an attempt to put the virtues of the Orthodox Holy Warriors in the focus of a young athlete’s life.

In context of practical theology (applied theology) we tried to consider and relate the fundamental truths

of the Orthodox Christian teaching to the scientifi c achievements in the fi eld of anthropology, andragogy,

pedagogy, ethics, sports and other relevant scientifi c fi elds. Th e aim of the research is to place the fun-

damental tenets of the holy warriors’ faith in the context of competing for honor and dignity among the

young athletes and to do so in such way to motivate them to become creators. To make them evolve from

the position of opponents and competitors into fi ghters for the victory of truth and not for the opponent’s

defeat.

Method

Th e following methods of research have been used: bibliographical-speculative, historical, analytical-com-

perative and descriptive. Based on the literature used, as well as on the discussions with the clergy and

athletes who are also Orthodox believers.

Results

Th e results of research revealed the following: a) viewed from the aspect of virtues, the Orthodox holy

warriors had a life path similar to those of modern top athletes, and b) the virtues of the holy warriors and

top athletes represent a „role model“ which can signifi cantly infl uence on the improvement of education

of young athletes.

Conclusion

Having in mind the known „aff airs“ in almost all kinds of sport, violence and other occurrences which il-

lustrate the situation of „alarming helplessness“, the benefi ts of using the virtues of the Orthodox holy war-

riors could have a signifi cant infl uence on educating young athletes with the main aim to single out such

values from the abundant theological literature which can initiate the creative responsibility of all positive

participants in sports events – starting from the athletes themselves, their offi cial sports clubs to their sup-

porters. Identifying these problems directs us to theological sources like „clear subject matter“, where a big

number of answers can be found. It is suggested that this research paper can, to an extent, contribute to

the improvement of the education system of the young generations in the fi eld of sports, and accordingly

to the overall improvement of the country itself.

Key words: virtues, holy warriors, athletes, training and education.

References1. Stefanović Đ. (2011). Filosofi ja, nauka teorija i praksa sporta. Fakulet sporta i fi zičkog vaspitanja, Univerzitet u

Beogradu

142

ANALIZA USPJEŠNOSTI REALIZIRANJA IGRAČA VIŠE, I USPJEŠNOST

REALIZACIJE PRVOG NAPADA NAKON VREMENSKE PAUZE KOD

MUŠKARACA I ŽENA U VRHUNSKOM RUKOMETU

Ante Burger1, Marino Crespi2, Ivan Ledić3, Dražen Pejić4

1 ŽRK SPLIT, Split, Hrvatska 2 COSMOSPORT, Split, Hrvatska

3NK OSIJEK, Osijek, Hrvatska4 KK BOROVO, Vukovar, Hrvatska

Uvod

Rukomet, kao i ostali timski s portovi s loptom, zahtjeva analize koje bi procjenjivale natjecateljski uspjeh

na temelju varijabli situacijske učinkovitosti unutar pojedinih faza tijeka igre, koje su određene razinom

uspješnosti obavljanja zadataka koji svaki igrač treba obaviti s obzirom na poziciju i ulogu u momčadi unutar

modela taktike igre (Foretić 2012). Nedostaje istraživanja koja tretiraju učinkovitost primjene individualnih,

a posebno skupnih i kolektivnih taktičkih djelovanja u situacijskim uvjetima u odnosu na ostale kriterije, kao

što su suprotstavljena protivnička aktivnost ili vremenska komponenta igre. S toga aspekta gledanja postav-

ljeni su kriteriji koji determiniraju uspješnost u pojedinim segmentima kolektivne igre u rukometu.

Metod

Uzorak entiteta ovog istraživanja predstavljaju utakmice koje su odigrane na rukometnom Svjetskom

prvenstvu za žene u Brazilu 2011. godine, kao i utakmice koje u odigrane na rukometnom Europskom

prvenstvu za muškarce u Danskoj 2014. godine. Analizirane su ukupno 133 utakmice od čega je 86 utak-

mica ženskog rukometa i 47 utakmica muškog rukometa. Uzorak varijabli napravljen je na način da su

postavljene 3 parametra promatranja rukometne igre. Prvi promatrani parametar obuhvaćao je uspješnost

realizacije prvog napada na početku utakmice i na poluvremenu. Drugi parametar je obuhvaćao uspješnost

realizacije prvog napada nakon pozvanog time-outa tijekom utakmice, dok je treći promatrani parametar

obuhvaćao uspješnost realizacije igrača više u situaciji igre 6:5 u rukometnoj utakmici. Postavljene varijable

su determinirale situaciju u vremenskom periodu igre od 2 minute te kretanje rezultata u tome periodu

igre. Metoda obrade podataka obuhvaćala je uspješnost realizacije u promatranim dijelovima rukometne

utakmice te je izračunata u postotcima preko osnovnog matematičkog sustava. Usporedba o postajanju

razlike u realizaciji za 3 postavljena parametra između muškaraca i žena također će biti analizirana preko

postotnog izračuna.

Rezultati

Dobiveni podaci u kojima se analizirao uspješnost prvog napada na početku utakmice, na početku poluvre-

mena i nakon time-outa pokazali su iznimno nisku realizaciju kod rukometašica od samo 37%, u odnosu

na rukometaše koji imaju u prosjeku 50% realizaciju.

Naime, drugi dobiveni rezultati upućuju da 40% situacija u kojima ekipa koja ima igrača više, istu situaciju

ne iskorištava u svrhu stjecanje rezultatske prednosti. Problem koji se javlja u takvim situacijama očituje se

u slaboj taktičkoj pripremi ekipe i slaboj utreniranosti ovakvih situacija u rukometu.

Zaključak

Ovo je istraživanje uputilo na korisne informacije koje mogu poslužiti u svrhu kvalitetne pripreme za

trening, te stjecanje važnosti taktičke pripreme za napadačke postavke u situacijama kad ekipa ima igrača

više u napadu. Vrijednost ovog istraživanja je prema dostupnim podacima iz znanstvenih baza podataka u

tome što ovakva istraživanja nisu provedena iz područja rukometne igre, te ovo istraživanje može pomoći

trenerima u usmjeravanju, treniranju i pripremi igrača za utakmicu.

Ključne reči: trening,priprema, defi cit

Literatura 1 Rogulj, N., Foretić, N., Burger, A. (2011) Diff erences in the course of result between the winning and losing teams

in top handball. Homo Sporticus. Vol. 13/1, Jun 2011. 28-33

2. Foretić,N (2012).Doktorska dizertacija „Kriteriji situacijske učinkovitosti u vrhunskom rukometu“.Sveučilište u

Splitu.

143

PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF REALIZING EXTRA PLAYER,

AND THE SUCCESS OF THE FIRST ATTACK AFTER THE BREAK

IN MEN AND WOMEN TOP HANDBALL

Ante Burger1, Marino Crespi2, Ivan Ledić3, Dražen Pejić4

1ŽRK SPLIT, Split, Croatia 2 OSMOSPORT, Split, Croatia

3NK OSIJEK, Osijek, Croatia4KK BOROVO, Vukovar, Croatia)

Introduction

Handball, like other team sports with a ball, requires analysis that assessed the competitive success are

based on situational variables effi ciency within certain stages during the games, which have a certain level

of success performing tasks that every player needs to be done with regard to the position and role in the

team within the model tactics games (Foretic 2012). Lack of researches that deal with the eff ectiveness

of the application for the individual, especially the group and collective action in the tactical situational

conditions in relation to other criteria, such as opposing activity or time component of the game. From

this point of view criteria has been set that determine success in certain segments of the collective game

of handball.

Method

A sample of this research entities represent games that are played on the handball World Championship

for Women in Brazil in 2011, and played matches in the handball European Championship for men in

Denmark in 2014. We analyzed 133 matches, 86 female handball games and 47 men’s handball match.

Th e sample of variables is made in such a way that we set 3 parameters observing the handball game. First

observed parameter included the success of the fi rst attack at the start of the match and at half-time. Th e

second parameter included success of the fi rst attack after the called time-outs during the match, while

the third observed parameter included success of the extra player in a game situation 6:5 in a handball

match. Set variables determined the situation during the time period of penalty 2 minutes and movement

results in that period of the game. Data processing methods included the success of implementation of

the components of handball games and is calculated as a percentage over the basic mathematical system.

Comparison of becoming the diff erences in the implementation of three set parameters between men and

women will also be analyzed by calculating the percentage.

Results

Th e resulting data was analyzed in which the success of the fi rst attack at the start of the match, the begin-

ning half and after a time-out have shown extremely low in women handball realization of only 37%, com-

pared to the men handball that having an average of 50% realization. Th us, the second results indicate that

40% of situations in which team that has more players, the same situation is not exploited for the purpose

of obtaining a resulting benefi ts. Th e problem that arises in such situations is refl ected in the poor tactical

preparation or bad training such situations in handball.

Conclusion

Th is research is directed to useful information that can be used for a better training, and the acquisition

of important tactical preparations for the off ensive settings in situations where a team has more players

in the attack. Th e value of this research is according to available data from scientifi c databases that these

studies have not been conducted in the fi eld of passive play, and this research may help coaches in direct-

ing, coaching and preparing players for the match.

Key words - the training, the preparation, the defi cit

References1 Rogulj, N., Foretić, N., Burger, A. (2011) Diff erences in the course of result between the winning and losing teams

in top handball. Homo Sporticus. Vol. 13/1, Jun 2011. 28-33

2. Foretić,N (2012).Doctor dissertation “Situational effi ciency criteria in the top handball. University in Split.

144

UPOREĐIVANJE POUZDANOSTI I VALIDNOSTI NEKIH TESTOVA SA

KLASIČNIM I SLIKOVNIM MODELOM PROCENE RITMIČKE SPOSOBNOSTI

Magdalena Damjanovska1, Serjoza Gontarev2, Agim Rhedzepi3, Giurka Gantcheva4

1Fakultet za sportski menadžment, Prvi privatni univerzitet FON, Skoplje Makedonija2 Državni univerzitet „Sv. Ćirilo i Metodije“ Fakultet sporta, zdravlja i fi zičkog vaspitanja,

Skoplje, Makedonija3Državni univerzitet u Tetovu, Fakultet za sportsku kulturu, Tetovo, Makedonija

4 NSA „Vasil Levski“, Sofi ja, Bugarska

Uvod

U trenutnoj istraživačkoj praksi u okviru fi zičkog vaspitanja, sporta i rekreacije, izrađen je niz testova za

merenje motoričkih sposobnosti, ali u pogledu provere sposobnosti ritma (ritmičke koordinacije, koordi-

nacije u ritmu) obično se koriste četiri testa koja su predložili Metikoš, Hošek i kolege (Metikoš & Hošek

1972; Hošek i sar. 1973;.. Viskić - Štalec, N. 1989). Primarni cilj ovog istraživanja je defi nisan na osnovu

ovog saznanja, a to je: određivanje mernih karakteristika testova za procenu ritmičkih sposobnosti stan-

dardnim i Gutmanovim (slikovnim) mernim modelom (Spearman, Čarls, C. 1910; Kuder, GF & Ričardson,

MV 1937; Braun, V. 1910; Gutman, 1953; Momirović i sar.1999).

Metod

Parametri za utvrđivanje pouzdanosti testova (i njihovih delova), primenjeni su sledeć i koraci: normalnost

distribucije rezultata za svaki deo ovih testova je istražena Kolmogorovom i Smirnovom metodom (KS);

Pirsonovim koefi cijentima korelacije (R); koefi cijentima za određivanje svakog dela na osnovu preostalih

delova (SMC); projekcija delova na primarnu komponentu (H), komunalitet (h²); Kaiserov koefi cijent za

određivanje svakog dela ocenjen kao odnos između kvadratne slike - korelacije (varijacija greške merenja)

i kvadrata koefi cijenata korelacije između delova (MSA); projekcija delova na primarnu komponentu slike

(HR); koefi cijent determinacije za ceo test (SMC).


Analizirajuć i podatke i imajući u vidu vrednosti svih koefi cijenata pouzdanosti, kako prema klasičnom tako

i prema Gutmanovom (slikovnom) modelu, može se zaključiti da svi testovi imaju relativno zadovoljavajuć u

pouzdanost i mogu se primeniti za procenu koordinacije u ritmu. Međutim, prilikom određivanja pouz-

danosti testova prednost treba dati Gutmanovom modelu koji eliminiše mernu grešku i specifi čnost u

testovima.

Zaključak

Od primenjenih mernih modela, Gutmanov (slikovni) model omoguć ava specifi čniju metodologiju

defi nisanja pouzdanosti u odnosu na klasični model, jer omoguć uje izračunavanje pravog rezultata u sva-

kom delu, kao i ukupnog rezultata, sa istom ili već om validnošću od klasičnog modela merenja.

Ključne reči: studenti, klasični statistički model, Gutmanov slikovni model, faktorska analiza.

Literatura1. Damjanovska, M., Gontarev, S. (2012). Measuring characteristics of some motor tests for estimating the rhythmic

ability. Sborník příspěvků z mezinárodní vědecké conference, Mezinárodní masarykova conference pro dok-

torandy a mladé vĕdecé pracovníky. Ročník III. Hredec Králové, Česká Republika.

2. Damjanovska M., Gontarev S., Radisavljević L. (2013). Determination of measurement characteristics for rhyth-

mic skills assessement tests. Conference proceedings, Eff ects Of Physical Activiti Application to Anthropological

Status With Children, Youth and Adults. Univezrzitet u Beogradu, Fakultet sporta i fi zickog vaspitanja, 11-12

decembar, Beograd.

3. Guttman, L. (1954). „Some necessary conditions for common factor analysis“ in Psychometrika 19, 149-161.

145

COMPARING RELIABILITY AND VALIDITY OF SOME TESTS WITH CLASSIC

AND IMAGE MODEL OF ASSESSEMENT RHYTHMIC ABILITY

Magdalena Damjanovska1, Serjoza Gontarev2, Agim Rhedzepi3, Giurka Gantcheva4

1Faculty of Sport Management, First Private University FON, Skopje Macedonia2 State University „Ss. Ciril and Methodi“ Faculty of physical education, sport and health,

Skopje, Macedonia3State University Tetovo, Faculty of sport culture, Tetovo, Macedonia

4 NSA „Vassil Levski“, Sofi a, Bulgaria

Introduction

In the current research practice in physical education, sport and recreation, there has been constructed a

number of tests to measure motor abilities, but regarding of checking the capabilities of rhythm (rhythmic

coordination, coordination in rhythm) commonly are used four tests proposed by Metikos, Hošek and

colleagues (Metikoš & Hošek 1972; Hošek et. al. 1973; Viskić – Štalec, N. 1989). Th e primary goal of the

research has been defi ned based on this knowledge, and that is: determining the measuring characteris-

tics of the tests for evaluating the rhythmical capabilities with the standard and the Guttmmann’s (image)

measuring model (Spearman, Charles, C. 1910; Kuder, G. F. & Richardson, M. W. 1937; Brown, W. 1910;

Guttman, 1953; Momirović et al.1999).

Method

Parameters for determining of the reliability tests (and their particles), the following steps were applied:

the normality of the distribution of the results for each particle of the tests was researched with the Kol-

mogorov and Smirnov method (KS); the Pearson’s coeffi cients of correlation (R); coeffi cients for deter-

mining each particle based on the remaining particles (SMC); projection of the particles on the primary

component (H), communalities (h²); Kaiser’s coeffi cient for determination of each particle assessed as a

relation between the square image – correlation (variation of the error of measurement) and the square of

the coeffi cients of the correlation between the particles (MSA); projection of the particles on the primary

image component (HR); coeffi cient of determination for the entire test (SMC).


Analyzing the data and having into consideration the values of all the coeffi cients of reliability, both ac-

cording to the classical and Guttmann’s (image) model, it can be concluded that all the tests have relatively,

satisfactory reliability and can be applied to assess the coordination in rhythm. However, when determin-

ing the reliability of the tests advantage should be given to the Guttmann’s model which eliminates the

measuring mistake and the specifi city in the tests.

Conclusion

From the applied measuring models, the Guttman’s (image) model enables more specifi c methodology

of defi ning the reliability than the classical model, since it allows the calculation of the true result in each

particle and the overall result, with same or greater validity than the classical model of measurement.

Kay words: students, classical statistics model, Guttmann image model, factor analysis.

Reference1. Damjanovska, M., Gontarev, S. (2012). Measuring characteristics of some motor tests for estimating the rhythmic

ability. Sborník příspěvků z mezinárodní vědecké conference, Mezinárodní masarykova conference pro dok-

torandy a mladé vĕdecé pracovníky. Ročník III. Hredec Králové, Česká Republika.

2. Damjanovska M., Gontarev S., Radisavljević L. (2013). Determination of measurement characteristics for rhyth-

mic skills assessement tests. Conference proceedings, Eff ects Of Physical Activiti Application to Anthropological

Status With Children, Youth and Adults. Univezrzitet u Beogradu, Fakultet sporta i fi zickog vaspitanja, 11-12

decembar, Beograd.

3. Guttman, L. (1954). „Some necessary conditions for common factor analysis“ in Psychometrika 19, 149-161.

146

NEKE PROMENE MOTORIČKIH SPOSOBNOSTI KOD PLESAČA DŽEZ

BALETA KOJI PRIMENJUJU POSEBNE VEŽBE ZA SKAKAČE U ATLETICI

Saša Jovanović, Gorana Tešanović, Predrag Dragosavljević, Goran Grahovac

Univerzitet u Banja Luci, Fakultet sporta i fi zičkog vaspitanja,

Banja Luka, Bosna i Hercegovina

Uvod

Imajuć i za cilj da prikupe što više podataka o motoričkim sposobnostima značajnim za najbolju perfor-

mansu u džez baletu, autori su odlučili da upotrebe model posebnih vežbi za skakače u atletici u trenažnom

procesu plesača džez baleta. Shodno tome, cilj istraživanja bio je da se defi nišu promene motoričkih spo-

sobnosti kada se vežbe, specifi čne za trenažni proces skakača u atletici, koriste u treningu džez plesača. U

džez baletu eksplozivna snaga, agilnost, brzina i koordinacija, sa izdržljivošću i fl eksibilnošću stvaraju ove

motoričke veštine, pa su motorički testovi za sve motoričke sposobnosti primenjeni na početku i na kraju

modela treninga specifi čnog za skakače u atletici.

Metod

Uzorak je činio 21 plesač džez baleta uzrasta 12-15 godina. Studija je sprovedena tokom 12 nedelja u pe-

riodu pred sezonu trenažnog procesa plesača džez baleta. Nivo motoričkih sposobnosti plesača je određen

upotrebom standardizovanih motoričkih testova: trčanje na 20m i 40m, T -test, heksagonalni test agilnosti

i test sa znakovima, skok u dalj iz mesta troskok iz mesta, Sargent test i test bacanja lopte medicinke na 300

jardi, Harvard test, test dubokog pretklona na klupici, test dubokog pretklona na podlozi, nogama ispred

tela, nogama iza i pored tela.

Rezultat i diskusija

Na osnovu obrade statističkih podataka T- testa, može se zaključiti da su pozitivne promene u motoričkim

sposobnostima: trčanje na 20m, 008; trčanje na 40m, 000; T-test, 002; test sa znakovima, 000; heksagonal-

ni test agilnosti, 000 ; troskok , 000; skok u dalj, 001; bacanje medicinke, 000; Sargent test, 000; 300 jardi,

000; Harvard test, 025; LINOBR, 001; LBTBR, 000; LBTBL, 047; LBTB R, 000; duboki pretklon-tlo, 000.

Zaključak

Preporuka autora je da se ovaj set vežbi koristi u procesu programiranja i planiranja trenažnog procesa

džez balet plesača. Ovi rezultati se ne mogu generalizovati, ali mogu predstavljati neke potrebne smernice

u poboljšanju planiranja i trenažnom procesu džez balet plesača te starosne dobi.

Klučne reči: motoričke sposobnosti, posebne vežbe za skakače, džez balet plesači

Literatura1. Hoff , J., and Helgerud, J.(2004).Endurance and strength treining for soccer players-Physiologigacl considerations.

Sports Medicine,34(3),165-180.

2. Viskic Stalec, N., Stalec, J., Katić, R., Podvorac, D.and Katović, D. (2007). Th e impact of dance-aerobics training on

the morpho-motor status in female high-schoolers. Collegium Antropologicum. (1):259-66.

147

SOME CHANGES OF MOTORICAL ABILITIES IN JAZZBALLET DANCERS

USING SPECIFIC EXERCISES FOR JUMPERS IN ATHLETICS


University of Banja Luka, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport,

Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina

Introduction

Having as an aim to collect as many data about motor abilities important for best performance in jazz –

ballet authors decided to use model of specifi c exercises for jumpers in athletics into the training process

for jazz – ballet dancers. Consequently, the aim of the research was to defi ne the changes of motor abili-

ties when exercises, specifi c for training process for jumpers in athletics, are used in training of jazz ballet

dancers. In Jazz-ballet explosive power, agility, speed and coordination, with endurance and fl exibility cre-

ate these motor skills, so motor tests for all motor abilities were applied at the beginning and at the end of

the training model specifi c for jumpers in athletics.

Method

Th e sample consisted of the 21 Jazz-ballet dancer ages 12-15 years. Th e study was conducted over 12 weeks

in the pre season period of training process of jazz ballet dancers. Th e level of motor ability of dancers was

determined by usage of standardized motor tests: 20m and 40m running, T-test, letter and hexagonal test,

long jump from spot, triple jump from spot, Sargent test and throwing medicine ball,300 yard test, Harvard

test, reach forward bend bench, reach forward bend ground, legs in front of body, legs behind and beside

the body.

Result and discussion

On the basis of statistical data processing T-test, it can be concluded that there were positive changes in

motor abilities: 20m running ,008; 40m running , 000; t-test , 002; letter test, 000; hexagonal test ,000; triple

jump ,000; long jump ,001; throwing medicine ball ,000; Sargent test ,000; 300 yard ,000; Harvard test , 025;

LINOBR , 001; LBTBR ,000;LBTBL ,047; LBTB R ,000; forward bend reach-ground ,000.

Conclusion

Recommendation of authors is to use this set of exercises in the process of programming and planning

training processes of Jazz-ballet dancers. Th ese results cannot be generalized, but they can be some neces-

sary guidelines in improving the planning and training process of Jazz-ballet dancers in that age.

Keywords: motor abilities, specifi c exercises for jumpers, jazz - ballet dancers

References1. Hoff , J., and Helgerud, J.(2004).Endurance and strength treining for soccer players-Physiologigacl considerations.

Sports Medicine,34(3),165-180.

2. Viskic Stalec, N., Stalec, J., Katić, R., Podvorac, D.and Katović, D. (2007). Th e impact of dance-aerobics training on

the morpho-motor status in female high-schoolers. Collegium Antropologicum. (1):259-66.

.

148

KLIMA ORGANIZACIONIH JEDINICA I MENADŽMENT PRAKSA

Jelena Jovanović


Uvod

Organizacioni uspeh u velikoj meri zavisi od kvaliteta i napora ljudi koji rade za organizacije. Fleksibilnost,

produktivnost i obrazovanje ljudi u okviru organizacije su izvor održive prednosti za organizacije u sportu.

U tom kontekstu menadžment igra ključnu ulogu na percepciju organizacione klime kod zaposlenog isto

kao što je menadžment odgovoran za sprovođenje prakse ljudskog resursa.

Metod

Istraživanjem je obuhvaćeno 195 različitih sportskih organizacija iz jedanaest gradova na teritoriji Srbije.

Odgovore iz adaptiranog Weisbordovog upitnika (Weisbord, 1976), za organizaciono dijagnostikovanje

ODQ (upitnik za organizaciono dijagnostikovanje), davali su zaposleni u poslovnoj funkciji sportske orga-

nizacije, različitog nivoa obrazovanja i različite vrste obrazovanja.

Varijable koje su obrađivane pripadaju deskriptivno-kvalitativnim varijablama. Radi lakše interpretacije

adaptirane su u numeričke i to kao frekvencije i kategorije. Za ovaj rad biće iterpretirano osam ajtema od

ukupno 40, koji su kategorisani u sedam mogućih odgovora.

Za utvrđivanje razlika pojedinih modaliteta defi nisanih varijabli korišćen je Kruskal-Volisov test.

Veličina uticaja je utvrdjena prema Koenovom (Kohen, 1988) kriterijumu: do 0,1 je mali uticaj; od 0,1 - 0,3

je srednji uticaj,03 - 0,5 je veliki uticaj.

Rezultati

Na bazi dobijenih rezultata utvrđene su razlike izmedju različito pozicioniranih sportskih klubova, dobi-

jeni Kruskal Volisovim testom. Dobijeni rezultati nas upućuju na činjenicu da funkcionalno postavljene

i fl eksibilne organizacione jedinice su jedan od faktora neophodnih za visoko pozicioniranje sportskih

klubova.

Zaključak

Rast nivoa koordinacije prema ciljevima organizacije doprinosi rastu poslovne odgovornosti. Što znači da

je organizacija pokrivena procesnim aktivnostima od početka do kraja i u horizontalnim ciljevima i ak-

tivnostima koje povezuju delove celine prema ciljevima organizacije. Pravilno i uspešno upravljanje njenim

funkcijama, procesima i poslovima doprinosi efi kasnom i efektivnijem funkcionisanju organizacije, što

upravo govori o ključnoj ulozi menadžment proces.

Ključne reči: klima, organizacione jedinice, menadžment, sport

Literatura1. Cohen, J. W. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. New Jeresy: Hillsdale, Lawrence Elbaum

Associates.

2. Weisbord, M. R. (1976). Organisational diagnosis: Six places to look for trouble with or without a theory. Group

snd Organisations studies, 1: pp. 430-447.

149

CLIMATE OF ORGANIZATIONAL UNITS AND MANAGEMENT PRACTICE

Jelena Jovanović


Introduction

Organizational success largely depends on the quality and eff orts of people who work for the organiza-

tion. Flexibility, productivity and education of people within the organization are a source of sustainable

advantage for organizations in sport. In this context, management plays a key role in the perception of the

organizational climate of the employee as well as the management is responsible for implementing the

practice of human resources.

Methods

Th e research included 195 diff erent sports organizations from 11 cities in Serbia. Th e answers from the

adapted Weisbord¢s questionnaire for organizational ODQ diagnosing were provided by the employees of

the business function of sports organization, at diff erent levels, of diff erent educational level and diff erent

type of education.

Th e elaborated variables belong to descriptive-qualitative variables. For easier interpretation, they were

adapted to numeric ones as frequencies and categories. For this paper, eight items will be interpreted out of

the total of 40, classifi ed in seven possible answers. For the establishment of diff erences between particular

modalities of the defi ned variables we have used Kruskal-Volis¢s test. Size of infl uence was determined ac-

cording to Cohen¢s (Cohen, 1988) criteria: to 0.1 is a small infl uence; from 0.1 – 0.3 is a medium infl uence;

from 0.3 – 0.5 is a high infl uence.


Based on the obtained results, Kruskal-Volis¢s test, revealed the diff erences between the diff erent rankings

of sports clubs. Our results suggest that functional and fl exible set of organizational units are one of the

factors necessary for high positioning of sports clubs.

Conclusion

Th e rise of the level of coordination towards the goals of the organization contributes to the growth of busi-

ness responsibility. Th is means, that the organization covered by the procedural activities from beginning

to end in the horizontal objectives and activities that connect parts of the continent toward the goals of

the organization. Proper and eff ective management of its functions, processes and activities contributes to

the effi cient and eff ective functioning of the organization, which confi rms the key role of the management

process.

Key words: organisations clime, organizational unit, management, sport

References1. Cohen, J. W. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. New Jeresy: Hillsdale, Lawrence Elbaum

Associates.

2. Weisbord, M. R. (1976). Organisational diagnosis: Six places to look for trouble with or without a theory. Group

snd Organisations studies, 1: pp. 430-447.

150

151

SESIJA 8

PSIHOSOCIJALNI ASPEKTI PRIMENE FIZIČKE AKTIVNOSTI

SESSION 8

PSYHOSOCIAL ASPECTS OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY APPLICATION

152

POREĐENJE SAMOEFIKASNOSTI SPORTISTA:

UČEŠĆE U INDIVIDUALNIM I TIMSKIM SPORTOVIMA

Hüseyin Gökçe1 , Yunus Arslan2

1Fakultet sporta, Univerzitet Pamukale, Denizli, TURSKA2Odsek za fi ziču kulturu i spotrt, Fakultet Univerziteta

Nevsehir Haci Bektas Veli, Nevsehir, TURSKA

Uvod

Na učešć e u sportu ne utiče samo zdravlje osobe i fi zički status, već utiču i nečije socijalne veštine, odnosi,

emocije i karakter. Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je da se ispita efekat različitih sportova (u smislu individualnih

ili timskih sportova) na samoefi kasnost sportista.

Metod

Podaci su prikupljeni od 338 sportista koji se bave timskim i individualnim sportovima. Grupu individu-

alnih sportova je činilo pet sportova i 153 sportiste (91 muškarac, 62 žene); tekvondo, tenis, rvanje, gim-

nastika i streljaštvo. Grupu timskih sportova je činilo četiri sporta i 185 sportista (111 muškarac, 74 žene);

fudbal, košarka, odbojka, rukomet. Skala za samoefi kasnost, koja je razvijena od strane Sherer i sar. (1982)

i prilagođena turskom jeziku od strane Iildirim i Ilhan (2010), primenjena je na uzorcima studije. T-test za

nezavisne uzorke je primenjen na ukupne bodove skale.

Rezultati

Rezultat t-testa za nezavisne uzorke pokazao je da postoji statistički značajna razlika između nivoa samo-

efi kasnosti kod sportista individualnih i timskih sportova (p <,05). Samoefi kasnost sportista timskih spor-

tova (M= 2,9) je značajno niža od samoefi kasnosti sportista pojedinačnih sportova (M= 3,09).

Zaključak

Kao zaključak, individualni sportisti su više skloni da sebe sude subjektivno nego sportisti timskih spor-

tova; razlog tome je što su oni sami na terenu sa svojim trenerima. Međutim, situacija je drugačija kod

sportista timskih sportova. Oni imaju saigrače i njihovi saigrači mogu pokriti njihove greške ili jedan timski

igrač može imati koristi od sposobnosti njegovog/njenog saigrača. Ova studija je pokazala da sportisti indi-

vidualnih sportova imaju više samoefi kasnosti nego sportisti timskih sportova. Razlog tome je što oni bolje

poznaju svoje sposobnosti nego sportisti timskih sportova. Timski sportovi i individualni sportovi imaju

različite karakteristike i motivaciju. Samoefi kasnost je sud osobe o svojoj moguć nosti da obavlja određenu

aktivnost (Bandura, 1992). Tako da se može reći da biti sam na terenu prouzrokuje već u samoefi kasnost

kod sportista.

Ključne reči: samoefi kasnost, individualni sportovi, timski sportovi

Literaura1. Bandura, A. (1982). Mehanizam samoefi kasnosti u ljudskom delovanju (Self- effi cacy mechanism in human agen-

cy). Američki psiholog (American Psychologist) 37(2), 122-147.

2. Yildirim F., İlhan I.O (2010). Časopis turske psihijatrije (Journal of Turkish Psychiathry), 21 (4), 301.

153

COMPARISON OF THE ATHLETES’ SELF EFFICACY: PARTICIPATING TO

INDIVIDUALS OR TEAM SPORTS

Hüseyin Gökçe1 , Yunus Arslan2

1Faculty of Sports Sciences, Pamukkale University, Denizli, TURKEY2Department of Physical Education and Sports Education, Faculty of Education,

Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli University, Nevşehir, TURKEY

Introduction

Participating in sports not only aff ects the person’s health and physical status, it also aff ects one’s social

skill, relation, emotion and character. Th e aim of this study was to investigate the eff ect of the variety of

sports (in terms of individual or team sports), on self-effi cacy of athletes.

Method

Data were collected from 338 athletes attending to the team sports and individual sports. Individual sports

comprises of fi ve sports and 153 athletes (91 male, 62 female); tae-kwando, tennis, wrestling, gymnastic

and archery. Team sports also comprises of four sports and 185 athletes (111 male, 74 female); soccer, bas-

ketball, volleyball, handball. Self effi cacy scale which was developed by Sherer et al. (1982) and adapted to

Turkish by Yildirim and İlhan (2010), applied to the samples of the study. Th e independent samples t test

was applied to the total points of the scale.

Results

Result of the independent samples t test showed that there is statistically signifi cant diff erence between

individual and team sports athletes’ self-effi cacy level (p < .05). Team sports athletes’ self-effi cacy (M= 2.9)

signifi cantly lower than individual sports athletes’ self-effi cacy (M= 3.09).

Conclusion

As a conclusion, individual athletes are more prone to judge yourself subjectively than team sports athletes;

because they are alone in the court with their trainers. But it is diff erent for the team sports athletes. Th ey

have teammates and their teammates may cover their faults or one team player can benefi t from his/her

teammate’s abilities. Th e study showed that individual sports athletes have more self effi cacy than team

sport athletes. Because they know their abilities better than team sports athletes. Team sports and indi-

vidual sports have diff erent specialties and motivations. Self-effi cacy is a person’s judgment about being

able to perform a particular activity (Bandura, 1992). So it can be thought that being alone in the court

(fi eld) cause higher self-effi cacy for athletes.

Key words: Self – Effi cacy, Individuals Sports, Team Sports

References1. Bandura, A. (1982).Self- effi cacy mechanism in human agency. American Psychologist 37(2), 122-147.

2. Yildirim F., İlhan I.O (2010). Journal of Turkish Psychiatry, 21 (4), 301.

154

FIZIČKA SAMOEFIKASNOST I SOCIJALNA ANKSIOZNOST ZBOG IZGLEDA

KAO PREDIKTORI SAMOCENJENJA

KOD STUDENATA KOJI SE BAVE SPORTOM

Dušanka Lazarević1, Ana Orlić1, Ljljana Lazarević2

1Univerzitet u Beogradu, Fakultet sporta i fi zičkog vaspitanja, Beograd, Srbija2Univerzitet u Beogradu, Institut za psihologiju, Filozofski fakultet, Beograd, Srbija

Uvod

Rezultati brojnih istraživanja ukazuju na povezanost pojedinih karakteristika self-koncepta, emocija veza-

nih za doživljaj svog tela i bavljenja sportom. Samocenjenje, kao opšta dimenzija self-koncepta od poseb-

nog je značajna za uspešno angažovanje u sportu. U ovom istraživanju cilj je bio da se proveri validnost

fi zičke samoefi kasnosti, kao specifi čne dimenzije self-koncepta, i socijalne anksioznosti zbog izgleda u

predikciji samocenjenja.

Metod

Uzorak je činilo 183 studenata Fakulteta sporta i fi zičkog vaspitanja. Za merenje razmatranih karakteris-

tika self-koncepta primenjeni su instrumenti Skala fi zičke samoefi kasnosti – PSES i Rozenbergova Skala

samocenjenja – SES, a za merenje anksioznosti zbog izgleda u socijalnim uslovima primenjena je Skala so-

cijalne anksioznosti zbog izgleda – SPAS. Sociodemografski podaci o ispitanicima i njihovom angažovanju

u sportu prikupljeni su posebnim upitnikom. Za obradu podataka primenjena je regresiona analiza.


Regresiona funkcija, u kojoj su kao prediktori korišćeni skorovi sa instrumenata PSES i SPAS, a kao kriteri-

jumska varijabla skor sa skale SES statistički je značajna, R=.62; R2 =.38; F(2,180)=55.26, p<.01. Oba pre-

diktora značajno doprinose predikciji samocenjenja (fi zička samoefi kasnost, β=.42; t(180)=6.13, p<.01;

socijalna anksioznost zbog izgleda, β=-.28; t(180)=-4.12, p<.01). Testiranje prediktivne validnosti fi zičke

samoefi kasnosti i socijalne anksioznosti zbog izgleda posebno u takmičarkoj i rekreativnoj grupi, dalo je

statistički značajne regresione funkcije (rekreativno: R=.64; R2 =.40; F(2,109)=36.92, p<.01; takmičarski:

R=.62; R2 =.39; F(2,68)=21.49, p<.01). U grupi rekreativaca, značajni prediktori samocenjenja su fi zička

samoefi kasnost, β=.44; t(109)=5.32, p<.01 i socijalna anksioznost zbog izgleda, β=-.31; t(109)=-3.74, p<.01,

dok se u grupi takmičara kao jedini značajan prediktor izdvojila fi zička samoefi kasnost, β=.44; t(68)=3.60,

p<.01.

Zaključak

Rezultati su pokazali da su fi zička samoefi kasnost i socijalna anksioznost zbog izgleda valjani prediktori sa-

mocenjenja, kao dimenzije self-koncepta važne za uspešno angažovanje u sportu. Studenti koji pozitivnije

procenjuju fi zičku samoefi kasnost i koji imaju manju anksioznost zbog izgleda u socijalnim uslovima imaju

veće samocenjenje. Dodatno, način bavljenja sportom (rekreativno ili takmičarski) moderira prediktivni

potencijal socijalne anskioznosti zbog izgleda.

Ključne reči: Fizička samoefi kasnost, socijalna anksioznost zbog izgleda, samocenjenje, bavljenje sportom, studenti.

Literatura1. Horn, T. S. (2002). Advances in Sport Psychology. Champaign,IL: Human Kinetics.

2. Lindwall, M., Lindgren, E-C. (2005). Th e eff ects of 6-month intervention programme on physical self-perceptions

and social physique anxiety in non-physically active adolescent Swedish girls. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 6,

643-658.

NapomenaRad je deo projekata „Efekti primenjene fi zičke aktivnosti na lokomotorni, metabolički, psihosocijalni i vaspitni status populacije

R Srbije” (br. III47015) i „Identifi kacija, merenje i razvoj kognitivnih i emocionalnih kompetencija važnih društvu orijentisanom

na evropske integracije“(evb: 179018) čiju realizaciju fi nansira Ministarstvo prosvete, nauke i tehnološkog razvoja Republike Srbije

(2011-2014).

155

PHYSICAL SELFEFFICACY AND SOCIAL PHYSIQUE ANXIETY

AS PREDICTORS OF SELFESTEEM

OF THE STUDENTS’ INVOLVED IN SPORT

Dušanka Lazarević1, Ana Orlić1, Ljljana Lazarević2

1University of Belgrade, Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, Belgrade, Serbia2University of Belgrade, Institute of psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, Belgrade, Serbia

Introduction

Results of numerous studies point to the relation between specifi c characteristics of the self-concept, emo-

tions related to the perception of the body, and practicing sport. Self-esteem, as a general dimension of the

self-concept is highly relevant for successful engagement in sport. In this study, the aim was to test valid-

ity of physical self-effi cacy, observed as a specifi c dimension of self-concept, and social anxiety related to

physique, in prediction of self-esteem.

Method

Sample consisted of 183 students of the Faculty of Sport and Physical Education. For the assessment of

specifi c characteristics of self-concept, Physical Self-Effi cacy Scale – PSES, and Rosenberg’s Self-Esteem

scale – SES were used. For the assessment of social anxiety related to physique, Social Physique Anxiety

Scale –SPAS was used. For collection of socio-demographic and data related to engagement in sport, ques-

tionnaire was designed. Data were analyzed with linear regression analysis.


Regression function, where scores from the PSES and SPAS instruments, were used for prediction of the

Self-esteem was statistically signifi cant, R=.62; R2 =.38; F(2,180)=55.26, p<.01. Both predictors signifi cantly

predict self-esteem (physical self-effi cacy, β=.42; t(180)=6.13, p<.01; and social anxiety related to physique,

β=-.28; t(180)=-4.12, p<.01). Testing of predictive validity of physical self-effi cacy and social anxiety re-

lated to physique, separately in groups of students involved in physical activity recreationally and in the

group of competitors, showed statistically signifi cant regression functions (recreational: R=.64; R2 =.40;

F(2,109)=36.92, p<.01; competitors: R=.62; R2 =.39; F(2,68)=21.49, p<.01). In the recreational group, signifi -

cant predictors were physical self-effi cacy β=.44; t(109)=5.32, p<.01, and social anxiety related to physique,

β=-.31; t(109)=-3.74, p<.01. In the group of competitors, the only signifi cant predictor of self-esteem was

physical self-effi cacy β=.44; t(68)=3.60, p<.01.

Conclusion

Results demonstrated that physical self-effi cacy and social anxiety related to physique are valid predictors

of one of the dimensions of self-concept which is relevant for successful engagement in sport, i.e., self-

esteem. Students perceiving physical self-effi cacy more positively, and with lower levels of social anxiety

related to physique have higher scores on self-esteem. In addition, the extent to which respondents are

involved in physical activity (recreational or competitive) moderates predictive potential of social anxiety

related to physique.

Key words: physical self-effi cacy, social physique anxiety, self-esteem, sport participation, students.

References 1. Horn, T. S. (2002). Advances in Sport Psychology. Champaign,IL: Human Kinetics.

2. Lindwall, M., Lindgren, E-C. (2005). Th e eff ects of 6-month intervention programme on physical self-perceptions

and social physique anxiety in non-physically active adolescent Swedish girls. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 6,

643-658.

AcknowledgementTh e paper is part of the project “Eff ects of applied physical activity on locomotion, metabolic, psycho-social and educational status

of the population in Republic of Serbia” (No III47015), and the project “Identifi cation, measurement and development of the cog-

nitive and emotional competences important for a Europe-oriented society” (No.179018), fi nancially supported by the Ministry of

Education, Science and Technological Development Republic of Serbia (2011-2014).

156

TAKMIČARSKA ANKSIOZNOST KOD KARATISTA

Miljan Velaga


Uvod

Mnogobrojna istraživanja pokazuju da je nivo takmičarske anksioznosti povezan sa uspešnošću u različitim

sportovima. Cilj ovog rada je da se ispita nivo takmičarske anksioznosti kod karatista, i povezanost sa po-

lom, takmičarskom kategorijom i plasmanom.

Metod

Uzorak je činilo 300 karatista, 177 muškog i 123 ženskog pola svih takmičarskih kategorija. Za merenje

takmičarske anksioznosti upotrebljen je instrument CSAI-2 (Martens, et all., 1990) koji se sastoji od tri

subskale: kognitivna anksioznost, somatska anksioznost i samopouzdanje. Pored toga, prikupljeni su po-

daci o polu, takmičarskoj kategoriji i ostvarenom plasmanu na takmičenju (osvojena medalja ili ne). Podaci

su prikupljeni neposredno pred takmičenja Prvenstvo Srbije za pionire i Kup Srbije za kadete, juniore i

seniore. Podaci su obrađeni deskriptivnom statistikom, analizom varijanse i t-testom.


Karatisti, u celini gledano, pokazuju nizak stepen takmičarske anksioznosti (kognitivna anksioznost:

M = 16.54, SD = 5.25; somatska anksioznost: M = 15.42, SD = 4.54) i visok nivo samopouzdanja (M =

26.49, SD = 4.77). T-testom za nezavisne uzorke je utvrđeno da karatistkinje iskazuju viši nivo kogni-

tivne anksioznosti u odnosu na karatiste, t(298) = -2.52, p<.05. Analiza varijanse je pokazala da se karatisti

različitih takmičarskih kategorija značajno razlikuju na varijablama somatska anksioznost, F(3,295) = 2.79,

p<.05 i samopouzdanje, F(3,295) = 6.56, p<.01. Post-hoc test (LSD) je pokazao da pioniri iskazuju nižu

somatsku anksioznost u odnosu na kadete i seniore. Takođe, pioniri iskazuju viši nivo samopouzdanja u

odnosu na kadete i juniore. Takmičari koji su osvajači medalje pokazuju niži nivo somatske anksioznosti u

odnosu na takmičare koji nisu osvojili medalju, t(298) = 2.58, p<.05.

Zaključak

Rezultati su pokazali da je somatska anksioznost važan faktor po kome se razlikuju karatisti osvajači medal-

ja u odnosu na ostale. Pored toga, efekti anksioznosti se različito manifestiju u odnosu na pol i takmičarsku

kategoriju.

Ključne reči: takmičarska anksioznost, samopouzdanje, karate.

Literatura 1. Martens, R., Burton, D., Vealey, R. S., Bump, L. A., Smith, D. E. (1990). Development and validation of the Com-

petitive State Anxiety Inventory-2. In R. Martens, R. S. Vealey, D. Burton (Eds.), Competitive anxiety in sport (pp.

117–190). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.

2. Mellalieu, S. D., Hanton, S., Fletcher, D. (2009). A competitive anxiety review: Recent directions in sport psychology

research. New York: Nova Science Publishers.

157

COMPETITIVE ANXIETY IN KARATE ATHLETES

Miljan Velaga

University of Belgrade, Faculty of sport and physical education, Belgrade, Serbia

Introduction

Numerous studies have shown that the level of competitive anxiety is related to the success in diff erent

sports. Th e aim of this study is to investigate the level of competitive anxiety in karate athletes and relation

with gender, competition categories and competition results.

Method

Th e sample consisted of 300 karate athletes, 177 males and 123 females of all competition categories. For

measuring competition anxiety, the 2-CSAI instrument (Martens, et al., 1990) was used which contains

three sub-scales: cognitive anxiety, somatic anxiety and self-confi dence. In addition, data included the gen-

der info, competition category and achieved result at the competition (gained medals or not). Data were

collected prior the Serbian Championship for Pioneers and the Serbian Cup for cadets, juniors and seniors.

For data analysis, a descriptive statistics, variance and t-test were used.


Karate athletes in general, have low level of competitive anxiety (cognitive anxiety: M = 16.54, SD = 5.25;

somatic anxiety: M = 15.42, SD = 4.54) and high level of self-confi dence (M = 26.49, SD = 4.77). Using t-test

for independent samples it is reported that female karate athletes show higher level of cognitive anxiety

compared to male karate athletes, t (298) = -2.52, p <.05. Variance analysis states signifi cant diff erentiation

in variables somatic anxiety F (3,295) = 2.79, p <.05, and self-confi dence, F (3,295) = 6.56, p <.01 in karate

athletes of diff erent competition categories. Post-hoc test (LSD) indicates that karate pioneers have lower

somatic anxiety compared to the karate cadets and seniors. Moreover, karate pioneers express higher level

of confi dence than karate cadets and juniors. Athletes who hold any medals in the competitions, have

lower level of somatic anxiety in comparison to those who had not, t(298) = 2.58, p <.05.

Conclusion

Results have shown that somatic anxiety is important factor which discriminates karate medalists from

other karate athletes. Nevertheless, anxiety eff ects are diff erently manifested in regard to gender and com-

petition categories.

Key words: competitive anxiety, self-confi dence, karate

References1. Martens, R., Burton, D., Vealey, R. S., Bump, L. A., & Smith, D. E. (1990). Development and validation of the Com-

petitive State Anxiety Inventory-2. In R. Martens, R. S. Vealey, & D. Burton (Eds.), Competitive anxiety in sport

(pp. 117–190). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.

2. Mellalieu, S. D., Hanton, S., & Fletcher, D. (2009). A competitive anxiety review: Recent directions in sport psychol-

ogy research. New York: Nova Science Publishers.

158

RELACIJE NEKIH PSIHOLOŠKIH KARAKTERISTIKA I USPEŠNOSTI

U RITMIČKOJ GIMNASTICI

KOD OSOBA RAZLIČITOG POLA

Lidija Moskovljević, Ana Orlić, Dušanka Lazarević


Uvod

Uspešnost u savladavanju programskih sadržaja ritmičke gimnastike (RG) zavisi od većeg broja faktora,

među kojima su i psihološki faktori. Cilj istraživanja bio je da se ispita povezanost nekih psiholoških kara-

kteristika i uspešnosti u savladavanju programskih sadržaja RG kod osoba različitog pola.

Metod

Uzorak je činilo 58 sudenata Fakulteta sporta i fi zičkog vaspitanja (FSFV), 29 ženskog i 29 muškog pola.

Od psiholoških karakteristika razmatran je opšti motiv postignuća, fi zički self-koncept i stav prema RG.

Motiv postignuća meren je instrumentom MOP2002, fi zički self-koncept Upitnikom fi zičkog samoopisiv-

anja – PSDQ, a stav prema RG instrumentom Konotativni diferencijal – CD-15. Psihološke karakteristike

merene su po završetku nastave RG. Programski sadržaji RG (sastav bez rekvizita, sastav vijačom, sastav

loptom) realizovani su u okviru redovne nastave predmeta Teorija i metodika RG. Procena usvojenosti

programskih sadržaja iz RG vrednovana je ekspertskom ocenom koja je dobijena kao srednja vrednost tri

sudijske ocene, date nezavisno. Za obradu podataka primenjena je korelaciona analiza (Pirsonov koefi ci-

jent korelacije).


Rezultati su pokazali da nema statistički značajnih korelacija između ekspertske ocene iz RG i skora na

instrumentu MOP2002, kako na celom uzorku, tako i na subuzorcima ženskih i muških ispitanika. Dobi-

jene su značajne korelacije između ekspertske ocene i skorova na subskalama koordinacija (r=.30, p<.05)

i gipkost (r=.30, p<.05) instrumenta PSDQ, posmatrano na celom uzorku. Kod muških ispitanika značajna

je korelacija između ocene iz RG i skora na subskali gipkost (r=.42, p<.05), dok je kod ženskih ispitanika

značajna povezanost između ocene i skora na subskali koordinacija (r=.42, p<.05). Između ekspertske

ocene i stava prema RG, posmatrano na celom uzorku, dobijene su statististički značajne korelacije na

afektivnoj (r=.26, p<.05) i kognitivnoj dimenziji (r=.42, p<.01), mereno isntrumentom CD-15. Priroda veze

između ekspertske ocene i afektivne i kognitivne dimenzije stava je ista kod muških i ženskih ispitanika.

Zaključak

Samoopažanje gipkosti, kao dimenzije fi zičkog self-koncepta, kod muških i koordinacije kod ženskih ispi-

tanika, povezano je sa uspešnošću usvajanja programskih sadržaja RG. Ovo je značajan nalaz s obzirom na

to da su koordinacija i gipkost, kao motoričke sposobnosti, veoma bitne za uspešnost u RG.Takođe, pozi-

tivniji stavovi prema RG, kao dinamičke dimenzije ličnosti, povezani su sa većom uspešnošću u usvajanju

programskih sadržaja RG.

Ključne reči: ritmička gimnastika, psihološke karakteristike, pol, studenti.

Literatura1. Božanić, A. i Miletić, Đ. (2011). Diff erences between the sexes in technical mastery of rhythmic gymnastics. Jour-

nal of Sports Sciences, 29(4), 337-343.

2. Moskovljević. L. i Orlić, A. (2012). Relacije između sposobnosti i stavova studenata i uspešnosti u ritmičkoj gim-

nastici – polne specifi čnosti. Fizička kultura, 66(2), 129-137.

Napomena Rad je deo projekata „Efekti primenjene fi zičke aktivnosti na lokomotorni, metabolički, psihosocijalni i vaspitni status populacije

Republike Srbije” (br. III47015), i “Identifi kacija, merenje i razvoj kognitivnih i emocionalnih kompetencija važnih društvu orijenti-

sanom na evropske integracije“ (evb: 179018) čiju realizaciju fi nansira Ministarstvo prosvete i nauke Republike Srbije (2011-2014).

159

RELATION OF SOME PSYCHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND

SUCCESSFULNESS IN RHYTHMIC GYMNASTICS

WITH PERSONS OF DIFFERENT SEXES



Introduction

Successfulness in mastering program tasks of rhythmic gymnastics (RG) depends on numerous factors,

psychological factors included. Th e aim of the research was to investigate connection of some psychologi-

cal characteristics and successfulness in mastering program contents of RG with diff erent sex persons.

Method

Th e sample included 58 students of the Faculty of Sport and Physical Education (FSFV), 29 females and 29

males. Th e examined psychological characteristics included the achievement motive, physical self-concept

and an attitude towards RG. Th e achievement motive was measured by the instrument MOP2002, phys-

ical-self concept by the Physical Self Description Questionnaire – PSDQ, and the attitude towards RG by

the instrument Connotative diff erential – CD-15. Th e psychological characteristics were measured after

the RG classes were completed. Program contents of RG classes (routine without apparatuses, routine

with rope, routine with ball) were realized within the regular classes of the course of Th eory and teaching

methods of RG. Th e assessment of adoption of program contents of RG was performed by expert evalua-

tion obtained as middle value of three referees’ grades, assigned independently. Correlation analysis was

applied for data elaboration (Pearson’s correlation coeffi cient).


Th e results showed that there were no statistically signifi cant correlations between the experts’ grade for

RG and scores obtained by the instrument MOP2002, both for the entire sample and separately for males

and females. Signifi cant correlations were obtained between experts’ grade and scores obtained for sub-

scales of coordination (r=.30, p<.05) and fl exibility (r=.30, p<.05) of the PSDQ instrument, for the entire

sample. With males, even the correlation between the RG grade and score obtained for the subscale fl ex-

ibility (r=.42, p<.05), while in females signifi cant correlation appeared between the grade and score of the

subscale coordination (r=.42, p<.05). Between experts’ grade and attitude towards RG, observed for the

entire sample, statistically signifi cant correlation were obtained for aff ective (r=.26, p<.05) and cognitive

dimensions (r=.42, p<.01), measured by the CD-15 instrument. Th e nature of relation between the experts’

grade and aff ective and cognitive dimensions of attitude is the same for both male and female subjects.

Conclusion

Self-perception of fl exibility, as the dimension of physical self-concept in males and coordination in female

subjects is related to successfulness of adoption of RG program contents. Th is is a signifi cant fi nding since

both coordination and fl exibility as motor abilities are very important for success in rhythmic gymnastics.

Additionally, more positive attitudes towards RG, as dynamic personality dimensions are linked to greater

successfulness in adoption of RG program contents.

Key words: rhythmic gymnastics, psychological characteristics, sex, students.

References1. Božanić, A. i Miletić, Đ. (2011). Diff erences between the sexes in technical mastery of rhythmic gymnastics. Jour-

nal of Sports Sciences, 29(4), 337-343.

2. Moskovljević. L. i Orlić, A. (2012). Relacije između sposobnosti i stavova studenata i uspešnosti u ritmičkoj gim-

nastici – polne specifi čnosti. Fizička kultura, 66(2), 129-137.

AcknowledgementTh e paper is part of the project “Eff ects of applied physical activity on locomotion, metabolic, psycho-social and educational status

of the population in Republic of Serbia” (No III47015), and the project „ Identifi cation, measurement and development of the cog-

nitive and emotional competences important for a Europe-oriented society” (No.179018), fi nancially supported by the Ministry of

Education, Science and Technological Development Republic of Serbia (2011-2014).

160

FUDBALSKI NAVIJAČI U SRBIJI

OD GLEDALACA DO AKTIVNIH UČESNIKA

Aleksandar Bastajić1, Sandra Radenović2

1 Univerzitet u Nišu, Filozofski fakultet, Niš, Srbija2 Univerzitet u Beogradu, Fakultet sporta i fi zičkog vaspitanja, Beograd, Srbija

Uvod

Fudbal kao “najvažnija sporedna stvar na svetu” odavno je prevazišao isključivo sportske okvire i može

se posmatrati kao obrazac za izučavanje brojnih sukoba i protivrečnosti u društvu. Nasilje u fudbalu nije

nova pojava (Skembler, 2007) i društveni problemi su i u prošlosti pronalazili put do fudbalskih stadiona. U

kolevci fudbala Engleskoj, članovi fudbalske potkulture iz redova radničke klase, posle Drugog svetskog rata

otuđili su se od klubova i njihove tradicionalne kulture, što je prouzrokovalo pojavu siledžijskog ponašanja.

Pojava fudbalskog huliganizma se vezuje pre svega na Veliku Britaniju i dostigla je svoj vrh sredinom 80-ih

godina 20. veka. Interesantno je da u nekim od najpoznatijih incidenata na stadionima britanski navijači

nisu uopšte ni učestvovali. Predmet ovog rada je sve učestalije ispoljavanje agresije i nasilnog ponašanja

mladih ljudi na fudbalskim stadionima u svetu. Prva hipoteza u radu je da do nasilja na fudbalskim stadi-

onima dolazi isključivo između različitih etničkih grupacija. Druga pretpostavka je da su za mlade stadioni

postali svojevrsna škola divljaštva, odnosno ambijent koji im sugeriše da je poželjno vandalsko ponašanje.

Metod

Autor se u istraživanju koristi metodom analize sadržaja dokumenata, komparativnom metodom, biograf-

skom metodom i statističkim podacima.


U sukobima između navijačkih grupa često je bilo povređenih i ranjenih, a nisu retke ni pojave smrtnih

slučajeva. Dolazilo je do sukoba ne samo između navijačkih grupa, već i između navijača i policije. Kao

česta posledica sukoba dolazilo je do uništavanja imovine, odnosno privatne i javne svojine.

Zaključak

Fudbalski huliganizam nije više samo britanski problem, već je pojava redovno prisutna i u drugim zeml-

jama. Huliganizam je jedna od posledica promenjenog odnosa publike prema igri. U procep između tradi-

cionalnog navijača i modernog potrošača ubacio se fudbalski huligan. Mladi ljudi preko stadiona i navijan-

jem ulaze u kriminalne vode i to najčešće određuje njihov budući društveni položaj (Simonović, 1995), što

je jedan od akutnih problema vremena u kojem živimo.

Ključne reči: Navijači, nasilje, incidenti, stadioni

Literatura1. Skembler, G. (2007). Sport i društvo, Beograd, Clio

2. Koković, D. (1990). Doba nasilja i sport, Novi Sad, Sport’s World

161

FOOTBALL FANS IN SERBIA

FROM SPECTATORS TO PARTICIPANTS AND HOOLIGANS

Aleksandar Bastajić1, Sandra Radenović2

1 University in Niš, Faculty of Philosophy, Niš, Serbia2 University of Belgrade, Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, Belgrade, Serbia

Introduction

Football as “the most important minor thing in the world” has exceeded its sport’s levels a long time ago,

and now we can treat it as a paradigm for researching numeral confl icts and contradictions in society

we live in. Social problems frequently found their way to football stadiums in past, so football violence is

not a new phenomenon (Scambler, 2007). In England, which is widely considered as a “home of football”,

members of “football subculture” who originated from labouring class, alienated themselves from clubs

and their traditional culture after World War Two. Violent behavior was the consequence of this trends.

Football hooliganism has its own roots in Great Britain and it reached its peak in the eighties. However,

in some of the most prominent stadium incidents British fans haven’t participated. Subject of this paper

is agression and violent behavior which young people manifest on football stadiums across the world. Th e

fi rst hypothesis is that only diff erent ethnic groups are engaged in violent events on stadiums. Th e second

hypothesis is that the stadiums have become special “school for barbaric behavior” or ambient which sug-

gested that vandalic behavior is desirable.

Methods

For this purpose, author uses content analysis, comparative method, biographical method and statistical

data.


Th ere were many injured and wounded people as the result of confrontation between football fans, how-

ever, the death cases are not rare. Th ere were although confrontations not only between fans, frequently

belligerent sides were fans and policemen. Devastation of private and public property was the frequent

consequence of this confrontations, too.

Conclusions

Football hooliganism is not only “british problem” today, it expands to most of the countries in the world

today. Th e fans changed their attitude toward games, so the hooliganism is one of the consequences of

this trends. Football hooligan stuff ed in the gap between tradiotional supporters and modern consuments.

Young people which participate in stadium confl icts are not immune on criminal and their future social

status is determined by this circumstance (Simonović, 1995). Th is is one of the chronic contemporary

problems.

Key word: Football fans, violence, incidents, stadiums

References 1. Scembler, G. (2007). Sport and Society, Beograd, Clio

2. Koković, D. (1990). Th e Age of Violence and Sport, Novi Sad, Sport’s World

162

ODREĐENE KARAKTERISTIKE MALOLETNIKA

ČLANOVA NAVIJAČKIH GRUPA U REPUBLICI SRBIJI

Saša Milojević1, Bojan Janković1, Goran Vučković1, Boban Milojković1

1Kriminalističko-policijska akademija1, Beograd, Srbija

Uvod

Nasilje na sportskim priredbama u Srbiji u proteklih dvadesetak godina poprima razmere opšteg društveno-

bezbednosnog problema sa velikim posledicama po živote i zdravlje ljudi, sigurnost imovine, ali i stvaranje

političkih tenzija koje utiču na opšte stanje u zemlji. To nasilje najčešće generišu nasilne navijačke grupe.

Primetna je tendencija da se takvim grupama sve više priključuju maloletnici. U radu su prikazane određene

karakteristike maloletnika, srednjoškolskog uzrasta, koji su članovi navijačkih grupa u Srbiji.

Metod

U cilju prikupljanja rezultata o karakteristikama maloletnika srednjoškolskog uzrasta konstruisan je an-

ketni list koji se sastojao od 42 pitanja. Pitanja su tako konstruisana da se njima želelo saznati kakve su

karakteristike maloletnika koji su članovi navijačkih grupa u Srbiji. Konstruisani merni instrument je za-

tvorenog tipa i uz mogućnost izbora većeg broja ponuđenih odgovora. Istraživanje je sprovedeno sa 3662

ispitanika, učenika srednjih škola iz 12 gradova u Republici Srbiji, iz kojih su fudbalski klubovi članovi

Super lige Srbije. Dobijeni podaci obrađeni su procedurama koje su obuhvatile deskriptivne parametre

a za određivanje statističke značajnosti razlike opisanih karakteristika između članova navijačkih grupa i

ispitanika koji to nisu korišćen je Hi-kvadrat test (χ2 – test) nezavisnosti.


Dobijeni rezultati pokazuju da se srednjoškolci članovi navijačkih grupa bitno razlikuju od svojih vršnjaka

koji se ne priključuju organizovanim grupama navijača po mestu prebivališta, klubu za koji navijaju,

polu, životnoj dobi, stavu prema policiji, konzumiranju alkohola, zloupotrebi narkotika, kao i na osnovu

privođenja od strane policije zbog nasilja motivisanog navijanjem i prekršajnim i krivičnim prijavama koje

su podneti protiv njih zbog nasilja na sportskim manifestacijama. Ta razlika kreće se u granicama χ2 = 7,88

do 599,68, a na osnovu koefi cijenta j, odnosno V (vrednost koefi cijenata kreće se od 0,05 do 0,41) ceni se

kao mala do srednja.

Zaključak

Na osnovu dobijenih rezultata može se zaključiti da se srednjoškolci češće priključuju navijačkim grupama

u nekim mestima u Srbiji. Maloletni navijači nekih od klubova Super lige su češće članovi organizovanih

navijačkih grupa. To su češće dečaci prosečne starosti 16,64 godine koji imaju nepovoljan stav prema

policiji. Srednjoškolci, članovi navijačkih grupa, mnogo češće konzumiraju alkohol i zloupotrebljavaju nar-

kotike, sukobljavaju se zbog navijačkih strasti, policija ih je mnogo češće privodila zbog nasilja na sports-

kim priredbama, a protiv njih su mnogo češće podnošene prekršajne i krivične prijave zbog nasilničkog

ponašanja na sportskim priredbama.Ključne reči: Navijačke grupe, nasilje na sportskim priredbama, maloletnici.

Literatura 1. Cohen, J.W. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd edn.), Lawrence Erlbaum Associates,

Hillsdale, NJ.

2. Janković, B., & Milojević, S. (2011). Međunarodna policijska saradnja u borbi protiv nasilja na fudbalskim utak-

micama. Suzbijanje kriminala u okviru međunarodne policijske saradnje (str. 149-161). Beograd: Kriminalističko-

policijska akademija.

163

CERTAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF MINORS

MEMBERS OF SUPPORTERS’ GROUPS IN THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA

Saša Milojević1, Bojan Janković1, Goran Vučković1, Boban Milojković1

1Th e Academy of Criminalistic and Police Studies1, Belgrade, Serbia

Introduction

For the past twenty years, violence at sporting events in Serbia has assumed the proportions of a general

social and security problem with severe consequences for the lives and health of people, safety of the prop-

erty, but also the creation of political tensions that aff ect the general situation in the country. Th is violence

is usually generated by violent supporters’ groups. A notable tendency is that such groups are increasingly

joined by minors. Th is paper presents particular characteristics of minors of secondary school age who are

members of supporters’ groups in Serbia.

Method

In order to collect results on the characteristics of secondary school age minors, a questionnaire consisting

of 42 questions was designed. Questions were designed in such a way as to fi nd out what the characteris-

tics of minors – members of the supporters’ groups in Serbia are like. Th e designed measuring instrument

was of the closed type with a selection of multiple choice answers. Th e survey covered 3662 respondents,

secondary school students from 12 cities in the Republic of Serbia, supporters of football clubs that are

in the Serbian Super League. Th e obtained data were analyzed using procedures included descriptive pa-

rameters for determining the statistical signifi cance of diff erences between the described characteristics of

respondents – members of supporters’ groups and those who are non supporters using the x square test

(χ2 - test) of independence.


Th e obtained results show that secondary school students members of supporters’ groups are signifi cantly

diff erent from their peers who have not joined any organized groups of fans according to the place of resi-

dence, the club they support, gender, age, attitude towards the police, alcohol consumption, drug abuse,

as well as according to being apprehended by the police for violence motivated by cheering and civil and

criminal charges fi led against them because of violence at sporting events. Th is diff erence is between χ2

= 7.88 to 599.68, based on the j coeffi cient, i.e. V (value ratio ranging from 0.05 to 0.41), and is valued as

small to medium.

Conclusion

Based on the obtained results, it can be concluded that secondary school students more often join sup-

porters’ groups in some cities in Serbia. Minors who are supporters some football clubs are more often

members of organized supporters’ groups. Th ese are more often boys of the mean age of 16.64, with an

unfavourable attitude towards the police. Secondary school students, members of the supporters’ groups,

more frequently consume alcohol and abuse drugs, have confl icts because of fan passion, the police have

more often arrested them for violence at sporting events, and have more often been charged with civil and

criminal charges for disorderly and violent conduct at sporting events.

Key words: Supporters’ groups, violence on sporting events, minors.

References1. Cohen, J.W. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd edn.), Lawrence Erlbaum Associates,

Hillsdale, NJ.

2. Janković, B., & Milojević, S. (2011). Međunarodna policijska saradnja u borbi protiv nasilja na fudbalskim utak-

micama. Suzbijanje kriminala u okviru međunarodne policijske saradnje (International police cooperation in the

fi ght against violence at football matches. Fighting crime in the context of international police cooperation )(str.

149-161). Belgrade: Th e Academy of Criminalistic and Police Studies.

164

KREIRANJE, OBLIKOVANJE I OZNAČIVANJE

POLNO I RASNO PRISTRASNE MEDIJSKE ZASTUPLJENOSTI

Tea Pirsl1, Danica Pirsl2, Nebojša Ranđelović2

1Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Filozofski fakultet, Novi Sad, Srbija2Univerzitet u Nišu, Fakultet sporta, Niš, Srbija

Uvod

U našem društvu koje je orijentisano i posredovano potrošnjom, mnogo toga što se smatra važnim je

često zasnovano na pričama proizvedenim i distribuiranim od strane medijskih institucija. Mnogo toga što

publika zna i treba da zna je zasnovano na fotografi jama, simbolima i naracijama na radiju, televiziji, fi lmu,

muzici i drugim medijima.

Metod

Kako pojedinci izgrađuju svoje društvene identitete, kako oni shvataju šta znači biti muško, žensko, pri-

padnik crne ili bele rase, Azijata, latino , američki starosedelac - čak i ruralan ili urban – oblikovano je

prilagođenim tekstovima koje proizvode mediji za publiku koja je sve više podeljena socijalnim konstrukci-

jama rase i pola. Stoga je u korpusu od 10 medijskih jedinica zasnovanih na anglofonoj kulturi analizirano

moguć e otkrivanje pristrasnog izveštavanja.


Mediji su, ukratko, od ključnog značaja za ono što na kraju predstavlja naše društvene realnosti. Dok su

polne razlike ukorenjene u biologiji, način na koji mi razumemo i predstavljamo pol se zasniva na kulturi.

Mi vidimo kulturu “ kao proces kroz koji ljudi cirkulišu i sukobljavaju se oko značenja naših društvenih

iskustava, društvenih odnosa, i samim tim, nas samih “ (Byers&Dell, 1992). Rezultati pokazuju da anglo-

fona kultura teži da oboji univerzalnu sliku čovečanstva sopstvenim nijansama i senkama koje naginju ka

pristrasnom izveštavanju.

Zaključak

Baš kao što je pol društveni konstrukt kroz koji društvo defi niše šta znači biti muškog ili ženskog roda,

rase su takođe socijalna konstrukcija. Ovi rezultati pokazuju da rasa i pol najviše imaju tendenciju da budu

opisani i preslikani kao karakteristike okosnica pristrasnosti u medijskoj zastupljenosti.

Ključne reči: stavovi, fi zičko vaspitanje, pol, razlike, mediji

Literatura1. Bhatia, V. (1993) AnalyzingGenre: LanguageUse in Professional Settings, London: Longman.

2. CaroleA. Ogles. IWG. WSI.(2007)Women 2000 andBeyond.

165

CREATING, SHAPING AND SIGNIFYING

GENDER AND RACE BIASED MEDIA REPRESENTATION

Tea Pirsl1, Danica Pirsl2, Nebojsa Randjelovic2

1 University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Philosophy, Novi Sad, Serbia2 University of Nis, Faculty of sport, Nis, Serbia

Introduction

In our consumption-oriented, mediated society, much of what comes to pass as important is based often

on the stories produced and disseminated by media institutions. Much of what audiences know and should

know is based on the images, symbols, and narratives in radio, television, fi lm, music, and other media.

Method

How individuals construct their social identities, how they come to understand what it means to be male,

female, black, white, Asian, Latino, Native American—even rural or urban—is shaped by commoditized

texts produced by media for audiences that are increasingly segmented by the social constructions of race

and gender. Th erefore corpus of 10 Anglophone culture based media units were analyzed for possible bi-

ased reporting detection.


Media, in short, are central to what ultimately come to represent our social realities. While sex diff erences

are rooted in biology, how we come to understand and perform gender is based on culture. We view cul-

ture “as a process through which people circulate and struggle over the meanings of our social experiences,

social relations, and therefore, our selves” (Byers & Dell, 1992). Results show that Anglophone culture tends

to color universal picture of humankind with its own nuances and shades tilting towards biased reporting.

Conclusion

Just as gender is a social construct through which a society defi nes what it means to be masculine or femi-

nine, race also is a social construction. Th us results show that race and gender tend to be most depicted

and mirrored features of bias tilts in media representations.

Key words: attitudes, PE education, gender, diff erences, media

References 1. Bhatia, V. (1993) Analyzing Genre: Language Use in Professional Settings, London: Longman.

2. CaroleA. Ogles. IWG. WSI.(2007) Women 2000 and Beyond.

166

SOCIOLOGIJA SPORTA I/ILI SOCIOLOGIJA FIZIČKE KULTURE?

NEKA RAZMATRANJA

Sandra Radenović


Uvod

Sociologija sporta jeste posebna sociološka disciplina koja se bavi pitanjima konteksta i društvene uslov-

ljenosti sporta, ova disciplina izučava uticaj društva na sport, ali i povratni uticaj sporta na društvo. Sport

jeste samo jedan segment široke oblasti fi zičke kulture, pored fi zičkog vaspitanja i rekreacije. Imajući na

umu tu činjenicu, zbog čega nije zasnovana sociologija fi zičke kulture? Zašto sport zauzima krucijalno

mesto kao predmet istraživanja jedne posebne sociološke discipline? Da li se u sociologiji sporta izučava i

oblast fi zičke kulture uprkos nazivu discipline? Autorka pokušava da odgovori na ova i slična pitanja.

Metod

Analiza sadržaja.

Rezultati sa diksusijom

Analiza sadržaja udžbenika i tematskih jedinica koje se izučavaju u okviru sociologije sporta upućuje na

zaključak da je ova posebna sociološka disciplina neopravdano orijentisana ka sportu kao centralnom pred-

metu istraživanja. Samo manji broj tematskih jedinica je posvećen širokoj oblasti fi zičke kulture, tačnije,

fi zičkom vaspitanju i rekreaciji. Jedan od razloga za to jeste snažna prisutnost i vidljivost vrhunskog sporta

i sportskih priredbi u funkciji spektakla.

Zaključak

S obzirom na široku oblast fi zičke kulture i značaj fi zičkog vaspitanja i rekreacije za svakog pojedinca,

autorka smatra da je opravdano zasnivanje sociologije fi zičke kulture. U okviru ove posebne sociološke

discipline ravnopravno bi se izučavao međusobni uticaj sva tri segmenta fi zičke kulture na društvo.

Literatura1. Kuljić, Koković (2012), Sociologija i sociologija sporta, Novi Sad: Fakultet sporta i fi zičkog vapsitanja Univerzitet

u Novom Sadu.

2. Захаров, М. А. (2008), Социологијя спорта, Смоленск: Федеральное агентство по физической культуре

и спорту Смоленкая государственная академијя физической культурьi спорта и туризма Смоленкая

олимпийская академијя.

167

SOCIOLOGY OF SPORT AND/OR SOCIOLOGY OF PHYSICAL CULTURE?

CERTAIN CONSIDERATIONS

Sandra Radenović


Introduction

Sociology of sport is a special sociological discipline which deals with the questions of context and social

conditions of sport, this discipline considers the infl uence of society on sport and vice versa the infl uence

of sport on society. Sport is just one part of the broad fi eld of physical culture, beside the physical education

and recreation. Having this in mind, why the sociology of physical culture has not been established? Why

does sport occupy a crucial place as the object of research of one special sociological discipline? Does the

sociology of sport include the research of the physical education area despite the name of a discipline? Th e

authoress tries to answer these and similar questions.

Method

Content analysis.


Content analysis of textbooks and thematic units that are studied within the framework of the sociology of

sport leads to the conclusion that this special sociological discipline is unduly oriented toward sport as a

central object of study. Only a limited number of thematic issues is dedicated to the broad fi eld of physical

culture, namely, physical education and recreation. One reason for this is the strong presence and visibility

of professional sport and sport’s events in the function of the spectacle.

Conclusion

Regarding the broad fi eld of physical culture and the importance of physical education and recreation for

every individual, the authoress believes that the founding of the sociology of physical culture is reasonable.

Within this special sociological discipline all three segments of physical culture area would be studied

equally.

References1. Kuljić, Koković (2012), Sociologija i sociologija sporta, Novi Sad: Fakultet sporta i fi zičkog vapsitanja Univerzitet

u Novom Sadu.

2. Захаров, М. А. (2008), Социологијя спорта, Смоленск: Федеральное агентство по физической культуре

и спорту Смоленкая государственная академијя физической культурьi спорта и туризма Смоленкая

олимпийская академијя.

168

169

SESIJA 9



U REKREACIJI

SESSION 9


OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY

APPLICATION IN RECREATION

170

TRIJADA KOD SPORTISTKINJA

Ebru Çetin, Mehmet Günay, Mustafa Altunsoy

Gazi Univerzitet, Turska

Uvod

Učešć e žena u sportu je znatno poveć ano u poslednjih nekoliko godina i taj rast može doneti zdravstvene

probleme. Međutim, takmičarski sportovi nisu uvek sinonim za ravnotežu i zdravlje. Fiziološke promene

i nutritivni stresovi koje prouzrokuje naporno vežbanje mogu dovesti sportistkinju do granice između

zdravlja i bolesti. Trojstvo kod sportistkinja (trijada) odnosi se na uzajamne veze između energetskih

mogućnosti, menstrualne funkcije i mineralne gustine kostiju, koje mogu imati kliničke manifestacije,

uključujuć i poremeć aje ishrane, funkcionalnu hipotalamičnu amenoreju i osteoporozu.

Poremeć ena ishrana obuhvata širok spektar ponašanja koja imaju za cilj održavanje ili gubitak težine. Jedan

od najčešć ih oblika ponašanja je neadekvatan unos energije (kalorija) prema utrošku energije, što dovodi

do energetskog defi cita. Povremeno je ovaj rezultat je nenameran usled poveć anja jačine treninga, ali često

se to ponašanje koristi kao metod za mršavljenje. Drugo uobičajeno ponašanje je ograničavanje određene

hrane, naročito one bogate mastima i/ili proteinima. Ostali poremeć aji ponašanja uključuju opsesivno

prejedanje i/ili namerno izazvano povraćanje. Namerno izazvano povraćanje obuhvata ne samo samoin-

dukovano povrać anje nego i korišć enje pilula za mršavljenje, laksativa i diuretika, kao i poveć anje obima

vežbi. Povremeno lekar može identifi kovati ozbiljniji poremeć aj u ishrani kao što su anoreksija ili bulimija

nervosa.

Amenoreja se često defi niše kao odsustvo menstruacije u toku više od tri ciklusa za redom. Atletska ame-

noreja je obično sekundarna amenoreja, ali u sportu gde se visoki nivoi takmičenja postižu u mladom uzra-

stu, kao što je slučaj u gimnastici i umetničkom klizanju, menarha može biti odložena i stoga klasifi kovana

kao primarna amenoreja. Uzrok atletske amenoreje je multifaktorijalni i nije u potpunosti ispitan.

Gustina kostiju predstavlja problem među sportistkinjama u adolescenciji i konkretno, niska gustina kostiju

sa ošteć enim rastom kostiju tokom adolescencije i mladih odraslih godina kod ovih žena može da rezultira

dugotrajnim posledicama ukoliko se ne tretira rano. Cilj ovog ispitivanja obuhvata prevenciju poremeć aja

ishrane, menstrualnih poremeć aja i niske mineralne gustine kostiju kod sportistkinja.

171

THE FEMALE ATHLETE TRIAD

Ebru Çetin, Mehmet Günay, Mustafa Altunsoy

Gazi University, Turkish

Introduction

Female participation in sports has increased substantially over the past years and this growth may bring

health concerns. However, competitive sports are not always synonymous with balance and health. Th e

physiological changes and the nutritional stresses generated by strenuous exercise can lead the female ath-

lete to the boundary of health and disease. Th e female athlete triad (Triad) refers to the interrelationships

among energy availability, menstrual function, and bone mineral density, which may have clinical manifes-

tations including eating disorders, functional hypothalamic amenorrhea, and osteoporosis.

Disordered eating includes a broad range of behaviors used to maintain or lose weight. One of the most

common behaviors exhibited is inadequate energy intake (calories) for energy expended, resulting in an

energy defi cit. Occasionally this result is unintentional as training levels increase, but often this behav-

ior is used as a weight loss method. Another common behavior is restricting certain foods, particularly

those high in fat and/or protein. Other disordered behaviors include binge eating and/or purging. Purg-

ing includes not only self-induced vomiting but also use of diet pills, laxatives, and diuretics, as well as

an increase in exercise. Occasionally the practitioner may identify a more serious eating disorder such as

anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa.

Amenorrhea is frequently defi ned as absence of menses for more than three cycles in a row. Athletic amen-

orrhea is usually secondary amenorrhea, but in sports where high levels of competition are reached at

young ages, such as in gymnastics and fi gure skating, menarche may be delayed and therefore classifi ed

as primary amenorrhea. Th e cause of athletic amenorrhea is multifactorial and has not been completely

elucidated.

Bone density is problems amongst adolescent, athletic women and specifi cally, low bone density with im-

paired bone accrual during the adolescent and young adult years in these women may result in long-lasting

consequences if not addressed early. Th e aim of the investigation synthesizes prevention of disordered eat-

ing, menstrual disturbances, and low bone mineral density in female athlete.

172

PRIMERI DOBRE PRAKSE SPORTA ZA SVE

Sanja Pančić, Dušan Mitić

Univerzitet u Beogradu, Fakultet sporta i fi zičkog vaspitanje, Beograd, Srbija

Uvod

Modernizacijom načina života savremenom čoveku je omogućeno da lakše obavlja svakodnevne aktivnos-

ti. Ovakav razvoj tehnologije doprineo je stvaranju sedentarnog načina života, čime su manifestovani

zdravstveni, fi ziološki i psiho-socijalni problemi doveli do ograničenosti individualnog razvoja i disbalansa

društvene sredine. Sport je prepoznat kao efi kasno sredstvo kojim je moguće podstaći pozitivan razvoj i

napredak društva.

Metod

Korišćen je metod teorijske analize, deskriptivni metod.

Rezultati

Primećen je porast inicijativa koje ističu sport kao sredstvo za individualni i socijalni razvoj. Aktuelni

praktični priručnici organizacije “Mir i sport”, Međunarodnog Olimpijskog Komiteta kao i Međunarodne

asocijacije sporta i kulture, svedoče o naporu da se afi rmiše vrednost i značaj sporta u socijalnim okvirima.

Prateće internet platforme predstavljaju komunikacionu podršku zainteresovanim stranama i pružaju uvid

u aktuelne projekte širom sveta. Međunarodni inspirativni program, kao legat Olimpijskih igara u Lon-

donu, ima za cilj da kroz sport inspiriše mlade ljude širom planete i obezbedi društvenu inkluziju u zem-

ljama u razvoju. Rad organizacije “Pravo na igru” usmeren je na edukovanje, osposobljavanje i stvaranje

zdravih navika mladih kao aktivnih članova društvene zajednice. Izgradnja socijalne stabilnosti, dijaloga

i pomirenja u konfl iktnim i ugroženim oblastima predstavlja misiju “Mir i sport” organizacije. Kroz pro-

gram “SCORE” i “Pobedi” mladima se pruža mogućnost da kroz sport steknu i razviju relevantne veštine

za uspešan život i karijeru.

Zaključak

Konstanto uključivanje različitih aktera kroz Sport za sve, doprinelo je proširivanju same oblasti delovanja,

koja više nije usko orjentisana samo na promociju aktivnog načina života i povećanje učešća u fi zičkim ak-

tivnostima već i na šire socijalne ciljeve i potrebe kao što su inkluzija, miroljubivo društvo, održivi razvoj,

osposobljavanje itd.

Ključne reči: sport za sve, primeri dobre prakse, internet platforme

Literatura1. Levermore, R., Beacom, A. (2009). Sport and Development: Mapping the Field. In Levermore, R., Beacom, A.

(Eds.) Sport and International Development (1-26). UK: Palgrave Macmillan.]

2. Sportanddev. org (homepage on the Internet). Switzerland: International Platform on Sport and Development,

Deprived on November 10th of 2014 Available from: http://www.sportanddev.org/en/connect/

3. IOC (2013). Lima: 15th IOC World Conference on Sport for All. International Olympic Committee

173

THE BEST PRACTICES OF SPORT FOR ALL



Introduction

Modernization of the human lifestyle has created an easy opportunity for managing everyday activities.

Technological development has contributed to the creation of sedentary lifestyle manifested in numerous

of physiological and psychosocial problems, which limited individual and social development. Sport has

been recognized as an eff ective tool, which can encourage signifi cant progress and societal prosperity.

Method

Th eoretical method and descriptive method were used.

Results

A signifi cant increase was noted in initiatives that highlight sport as a vehicle for individual and social

development. Th e latest sport manuals launched by diff erent organizations such as “Peace and Sport”, In-

ternational Olympic Committee and International Association of Sport and Culture, represent an eff ort to

affi rm the importance of sport within social domain. Internet platforms provide communication support

for stakeholders and give insight into global projects. International Inspirational program, the London

2012 legacy, is designed to inspire young people through sport, ensuring social inclusion in developing

countries. Th e work of the “Right to Play” organization is focused on education, training and creation of

healthy habits among youth as active community members. Building social stability, dialogue and rec-

onciliation in confl ict-aff ected areas shape the mission of the “Peace and Sport” organization. Th rough

“SCORE” and “Win” program young people have the chance to acquire and develop relevant skills through

sport, important for successful life.

Conclusion

Constant involvement of diff erent stakeholders through sport for all, have contributed to the expansion of

the infl uence range, which is no longer oriented on the promotion of active lifestyle and increase participa-

tion, but on wider social goals such as inclusion, peaceful society, sustainable development, empowerment

etc.

Keywords: sport for all, best practices, internet platforms

References1. Levermore, R., Beacom, A. (2009). Sport and Development: Mapping the Field. In Levermore, R., Beacom, A.

(Eds.) Sport and International Development (1-26). UK: Palgrave Macmillan.]

2. Sportanddev. org (homepage on the Internet). Switzerland: International Platform on Sport and Development,

Deprived on November 10th of 2014 Available from: http://www.sportanddev.org/en/connect/

3. IOC (2013). Lima: 15th IOC World Conference on Sport for All. International Olympic Committee

174

PROCENA EFEKATA REKREACIJE

NA OSNOVU SOCIJALNOISKUSTVENIH KARAKTERISTIKA

Predrag Dragosavljević1, Milinko Dabović2, Gorana Tešanović1

1 Univerzitet u Banja Luci, Fakultet sporta i fi zičkog vaspitanja Banja Luka, Bosna i Hercegovina2 Univerzitet u Beogradu, Fakultet sporta i fi zičkog vaspitanja, Beograd, Srbija

Uvod

Socijalno okruženje može značajno uticati na pojedinca. Faktori šire socijalne situacije se ogledaju u po-

jedincu indirektno preko globalnih političkih i ekonomskih odnosa, a neposredno društveno okruženje

kao što je društvena sredina utiče na pojedinca. Stoga, kada se posmatra veza između efekata rekreacije i

karakteristika društvenog iskustva ispitanika trebalo bi razmotriti uticaj karakteristika društvenih grupa

kojima ispitanik pripada. Glavni cilj ovog istraživanja je bio da se preispitaju procene efekata rekreacije u

vezi sa socijalnim statusom ispitanika.

Metoda

Studija je sprovedena na uzorku od 553 ispitanika, od kojih 132 ispitanika nisu angažovani u rekreativnim

aktivnostima, 169 od njih se bavi rekreacijom povremeno, a 252 ispitanika su redovno angažovana u

rekreativnim aktivnostima. U ovoj studiji, u cilju prikupljanja relevantnih podataka korišćen je upitnik za

procenu efekta rekreacije. Od društveno-psiholoških karakteristika ispitanika analizirani su: pol, starost i

njihova fi nansijska situacija.


Rezultati su pokazali da je pol ispitanika značajan izvor razlika u proceni uticaja rekreacije - neznatno

više muškaraca (34,94%) u odnosu na žene (28,50%) procenjuje da je, za njih, najveć a korist od rekreacije

zdravstvena zaštita, dok više žena (21,96%) u odnosu na muškarce (16,87%) procenjuje da su najveć a ko-

rist od rekreacije odmor i opuštanje. Ispitanici srednjih godina (36-45 godina) su primetili da je rekreacija

korisna za zabavu, zdravlje održavanje sposobnosti i odmor i opuštanje, a ispitanici starosti 26-35 godina

su procenili da je rekreacija najkorisnija za zdravlje i odmor. Ispitanici koji žive u veoma dobrim i dobrim

materijalnim uslovima procenjuju da su efekti rekreacije za njih održavanje zdravlja, odmor, relaksaci-

ja i zabava, dok ispitanici koji žive u veoma lošim uslovima procenjuju da je najvažniji efekat rekreacije

očuvanje zdravlja, održavanje radne sposobnosti, održavanje vitalnosti i odmor i relaksacija.

Zaključak

Globalna analiza rezultata efekata na osnovu društvenih karakteristika ispitanika pokazuje da postoji veo-

ma visoka saglasnost ispitanika u proceni da rekreacija doprinosi očuvanju zdravlja. Ispostavilo se da su

pol, starost i materijalni uslovi u kojima žive veliki izvori razlika u proceni uticaja rekreacije.

Literatura1. Cunningham, G., & Michael, Y. (2004). Koncepti koji vode studiju uticaja izgrađenog okruženja na fi zičku ak-

tivnost za starije odrasle osobe: pregled literature (Concepts guiding the study of the impact of the built envi-

ronment on physical activity for older adults: a review of the literature). Američki žurnal za promociju zdravlja

(American Journal of Health Promotion), 18,435–443.

2. Jurakić, D., Andrijašević, M., & Pedišić, Ž. (2010). Osnove strategije za unapređenje tjelesne aktivnosti i zdravlja

zaposlenika srednje dobi s obzirom na obilježja radnog mjesta i skolnosti ka sportsko-rekreacijskim aktivnostima.

Sociologija i prostor. 48(1), 113–131.

175

ESTIMATE OF THE RECREATION EFFECTS

ON THE BASIS OF SOCIAL EXPERIENTIAL CHARACTERISTICS

Predrag Dragosavljević1, Milinko Dabović2, Gorana Tešanović1

1 University of Banja Luka, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport,

Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina2University of Belgrade, Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, Belgrade, Serbia

Introduction

Social environment can signifi cantly impact on individual. Factors of broader social situation are refl ected

in the individual indirectly through global political and economic relations, and the immediate social en-

vironment such as social environment aff ects the individual. Hence, when observing the connection be-

tween eff ects of recreation and social experience characteristics of respondents we should consider the

infl uence of the characteristics of the social groups to which the respondent belongs. Th e main objective

of this study was to review the assessments of the eff ects of recreation in the connection with the social

status of the respondents.

Method

Th e study was conducted on a sample of 553 respondents, of which 132 respondents were not engaged

in recreational activities, 169 of them engaged in recreation occasionally, and 252 subjects engaged in

recreational activities regularly. In this study, for the purpose of collecting relevant data a questionnaire

was used to assess the eff ect of recreation. From the socio-psychological characteristics of respondents we

analyzed: sex, chronological age and their fi nancial situation.


Th e results showed that the gender of the respondents is signifi cant source of diff erences in the assessment

of the eff ects of recreation - slightly more males (34.94%) compared to females (28.50%) estimated that, for

them, the biggest benefi t of recreation is in health care, while more women (21.96%) compared to males

(16.87 %) estimated that the biggest benefi t of recreation is in rest and relaxation. Middle-aged respondents

(36-45 years old) observed that the recreation is benefi cial for health, fun, the maintenance capabilities and

rest and relaxation, while respondents aged 26-35 years estimated that recreation is most useful for health

and relaxation. Respondents who live very well and in good material conditions estimated that the eff ects

of recreation for them are in maintaining health, for rest, relaxation and fun, while respondents who live

in very poor conditions estimated that the most important eff ect of recreation preservation of health, and

to maintain the working capacity, maintaining vitality, and for rest and relaxation.

Conclusion

Global analysis of the results of eff ects social experience characteristics of the respondents shows that

there is a very high agreement of the respondents in the assessment of recreation contributes to the pres-

ervation of health. It turned out that sex, chronological age and the material conditions in which they live,

are intense sources of diff erences in the assessment of the eff ects of recreation.

References 1. Cunningham, G., & Michael, Y. (2004). Concepts guiding the study of the impact of the built environment on

physical activity for older adults: a review of the literature. American Journal of Health Promotion, 18,435–443.

2. Jurakić, D., Andrijašević, M., & Pedišić, Ž. (2010). Osnove strategije za unapređenje tjelesne aktivnosti i zdravlja

zaposlenika srednje dobi s obzirom na obilježja radnog mjesta i skolnosti ka sportsko-rekreacijskim aktivnostima.

Sociologija i prostor. 48(1), 113–131.

176

HIPOKINETIČKA OBOLJENJA I VEŽBE

Mustafa Altunsoy

Univerzitet Gazi, Turska

Godine 1961. Kraus i Raab su koristili termin hipokinetičko oboljenje da opišu zdravstvene probleme

povezane sa nedostatkom fi zičke aktivnosti. Njihov termin je bio „samo polako“ pristup prema načinu

života; do tada je već bilo poznato da se fi zička neaktivnost ili nedostatak fi zičke aktivnosti smatrajujednim

od faktora za pojavuvodećihsmrtonosnih bolesti u razvijenom svetu.

Kardiovaskularne bolesti (KVB) čine koronarne bolesti srca (KBS): koronarne okluzije, ateroskleroze, ar-

terioskleroze, angina pektoris; takođe hipertenzija, šlog, periferna vaskularna bolest i kongestivna srčana

insufi cijencija, gojaznost, rak, dijabetes, lumbalni bol i osteoporoza se smatraju hipokinetičkim stanjima.

Značaj vežbanja kao modaliteta za lečenje, a i kao preventivne mere u mnogim bolestima, ne samo primar-

nom poremećaju lokomotornog sistema, je dobro istražen i dokumentovan.

U SAD, KBSsu uzročnik skoro trećine svih prevremenih smrti. U razvijenim zemljama stope prevremene

smrtnosti su slične kao one u SAD zbog KBS.

Neosporna je činjenica da adekvatno dizajnirane vežbe, kao i fi zička aktivnost i fi zička sposobnost igraju

glavnu ulogu u prevenciji i lečenju hipokinetičkih i srodnih oboljenja. Fizička aktivnost (FA) može da igra

značajnu ulogu u prevenciji dijabetesa tipa 2. U velikom broju studija pokazano je da FA zajedno sa dijetom

i gubitkom težine može da spreči dijabetes.

Organi za sprovođenje politika u razvijenom svetu redovno objavljuju zdravstvene izveštaje i smernice;

u ovim smernicama nije pitanje da li je vežbanje potrebno ili ne, ono što treba da se odluči je koja vrsta

vežbanja, njihov intenziteta i frekvencija u vezi sa specifi čnim uslovima, starosnim grupama i polom odgo-

vara određenom hipokinetičkom stanju.

U jednom radu sa stručne tribine, ACSM (Američki koledž sportske medicine) preporučuje da se većina

odraslih uključe u kardio-respiratorno vežbanje umerenog intenziteta u trajanju od ≥ 30 min. na dan u

toku ≥ 5 dana nedeljno što je ukupno ≥150 min. nedeljno, kardio-respiratorne treninge jačeg intenziteta u

trajanju od ≥20 min. na dan u toku ≥3 dana nedeljno (≥75 min. nedeljno), ili kombinaciju vežbi umerenog

i jačeg intenziteta za postizanje ukupne potrošnje energije od ≥500-1000 MET∙min. nedeljno (Garber et

al., 2011).

177

HYPOKINETIC DISEASES AND EXERCISE

Mustafa Altunsoy

Gazi University, Turkish

In 1961, Kraus and Raab used the term hypokinetic disease to describe the health problems associated with

lack of physical activity. Th eir own term was ‘take it easy’ approach towards life style; by then it was well

known that physical inactivity or lack of exercise was regarded as a contributor in leading killer diseases in

the developed world.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) comprises of coronary heart disease (CHD): coronary occlusion, athero-

sclerosis, arteriosclerosis, angina pectoris; in addition hypertension, stroke, peripheral vascular disease

and congestive heart failure, obesity, cancer, diabetes, low back pain and osteoporosis are considered as

hypokinetic conditions.

Importance of exercise as a treatment modality, rather its preventive values in many diseases, which is not

the primary disorder of the locomotor system, is well investigated and documented.

In the US, CHD accounts for nearly one third of all premature deaths. In the developed countries prema-

ture death rates are similar to the USA due to CHD.

It is an indisputable fact that appropriately designed exercise, being physically active and physically fi t plays

a major role in prevention and treatment of hypokinetic and associated diseases. Physical activity (PA) may

play a signifi cant role in prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus. In abundance of studies, it has been shown

that PA in conjunction with diet and weight loss can prevent diabetes.

Policy setting bodies in the developed world publish health reports and guidelines regularly; in these

guidelines it is not the question whether exercise is necessary or not, what is to be decided is what kind of

exercise, their intensities and frequencies in regard to specifi c conditions, age groups and gender fi ts better

for any hypokinetic condition.

In a position stand paper, the ACSM recommends that most adults engage in moderate-intensity cardio-

respiratory exercise training for ≥ 30 min/dayon ≥ 5 day/weekfor a total of ≥ 150 min/week, vigorous-

intensity cardiorespiratory exercise training for ≥ 20 min/dayon ≥ 3 day/week (≥ 75 min/week), or a com-

bination of moderate and vigorous-intensity exercise to achieve a total energy expenditure of ≥ 500–1000

MET∙min/week (Garber et al., 2011).

178

ISPITIVANJE STAVOVA STUDENATA UNIVERZITETA

PREMA TEHNOLOGIJI PREMA RAZLIČITIM VARIJABLAMA

Ünal Türkçapar1, Emel Şenol2 1 Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Univerzitet, Sport i fi zičko vaspitanje, Turska

2 Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Univerzitet, Institut za zdravstvene nauke, Turska

Ova studija je sprovedena sa ciljem da ispita stavove studenata univerziteta prema tehnologiji. U ovom

istraživanju, stidijsku grupu čine 109 studenata osnovnih studija na odseku za trenere i 131 student osnov-

nih studija na odseku za obuku nastavnika fi zičkog vaspitanja, ukupno 240 studenata Univerziteta Kahra-

manmaras Sütçü Imam, Fakultet za sport i fi zičko vaspitanje, odsek za trenere.

U ovom istraživanju koristi se formular sa ličnim podacima kako bi se utvrdili pol, smer, odsek i ocene

studenata za sport i fi zičko vaspitanje; a “Skala odnosa prema tehnologiji” koju je izradio Akbaba (2002)

se koristi kako bi se utvrdili stavovi koje učenici srednje škole za sport i fi zičko vaspitanje imaju prema

tehnologiji.

Korišćeni su T - test (nezavisni uzorak) za binarno upoređivanje i test jednosmerne analize varijanse

(ANOVA) za višestruko upoređivanje kako bi se mogli izraziti numerički podaci, dobijeni od istraživačke

grupe, putem izračunavanja učestalosti varijeteta i procenata u cilju utvrđivanja stavova studenata prema

tehnologiji i nivoa ponašanja i kako se oni oblikuju prema različitim demografskim karakteristikama.

Kao rezultat, prema varijabli pola identifi kovano je da su razlike između grupe žena i grupe muškaraca

statistički značajne u pod-dimenzijama “Usvajanje tehnologije”, “Tehnologija i internet” i “Poverenje u teh-

nologiju”; prema varijabli klase statistički značajne razlike između klasa identifi kovane su u sledećim pod-

dimenzijama: “Tehnologija i menadžment”, “Tehnologija i internet” i “Upotreba tehnologije”.

Ključne reči: Tehnologija, obrazovna tehnologija, stavovi

179

EXAMINING THE UNIVERSITY STUDENTS’ ATTITUDES

TOWARDS THE TECHNOLOGY ACCORDING TO DIFFERENT VARIABLES

Ünal Türkçapar1, Emel Şenol2 1Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University, Physical Education and Sport, Turkish2Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University, Institute of Health Sciences, Turkish

Th is study has been made with the aim of examining the university students’ attitudes towards the tech-

nology. In this research, a number of 109 students majoring in coaching department and a number of 131

students majoring in physical education teacher training department, a total of 240 students from Kahra-

manmaras Sütçü Imam University Physical Education and Sport College Coaching Department comprise

the study group.

In this research, personal information form is used in order to determine the varieties of physical educa-

tion and sports high school students’ sex, majoring department and grades; and “Scale of Attitude Towards

Technology” developed by Akbaba (2002) is used in order to determine the physical education and sports

high school students’ attitudes towards technology.

T-Test (independent sample) for binary comparisons and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test for

multiple comparisons are used in order to be able to express the numerical data, obtained from the re-

search group, by doing frequency of varieties and percentage calculations with the aim of determination

of students’ attitude towards technology and the level of behaviour and how they are shaped according to

diff erent demographic characteristics.

As a result, it is identifi ed that according to gender variable the diff erences between the man and woman

groups are statistically signifi cant at “Technology Adoption”, “Technology and Internet” and “ Trusting the

Technology” sub-dimensions; according to the class variable the diff erences between classes are statisti-

cally signifi cant at “Technology and Management”, “Technology and Internet” and “Th e Use Of Techno-

logy” sub-dimensions.

Key words: Technology, Educational Technology, Attitudes

180

FIZIČKA AKTIVNOST I SEDENTARNE NAVIKE

KOD MAKEDONSKIH ADOLESCENATA

IZ ALBANSKE NACIONALNE ZAJEDNICE

Seryozha Gontarev1, Ruzdija Kalac1, Agim Redjepi2

1Fakultet zdravlja, sporta i fi zičkog vaspitanja Sv. Ćirilo i Metodije Univerzitet,

Skoplje, Makedonija2Fakultet fi zičkog vaspitanja, Državni univerzitet u Tetovu, Makedonija

Uvod

Ljudsko telo je stvoreno da se kreć e i zbog toga mu je potrebna redovna fi zička aktivnost da bi optimalno

funkcionisalo kako bi se očuvalo zdravlje i poboljšao kvalitet života. Mnoga istraživanja pokazuju da je

sedentarni način života faktor rizika za razvoj mnogih hroničnih oboljenja, uključujuć i kardiovaskularne

bolesti koje su glavni uzrok poveć ane smrtnosti u zapadnom svetu.

Metod

Osnovno istraživanje je ostvareno na uzorku od 886 ispitanika starosti od 11 do 14 godina koji je podeljen

u dva poduzorka- 427 dečaka i 441 devojčica kako bi se odredilo stanje i rodne razlike u fi zičkoj aktivnos-

ti i sedentarnim navikama među makedonskim adolescentima iz albanske etničke zajednice. Fizička ak-

tivnost je procenjena pomoć u upitnika o fi zičkoj aktivnosti, dok su sedentarne navike procenjene putem

standardizovanog upitnika. Dobijeni podaci su obrađeni analizom učestalosti (F), procenata (%), a kako

bi se utvrdilo da li postoje statistički značajne razlike u fi zičkoj aktivnosti i sedentarnim navikama među

učenicima i učenicama primenjen je χ2 test.


Na osnovu dobijenih rezultata može se zaključiti da dečaci za razliku od devojčica provode više vremena u

fi zičkoj aktivnosti (χ2 = 12,753; p > ,000) i radu na računaru (χ2 = 12,753; p > ,000), dok devojčice provode

više vremena gledajuć i TV (χ2 = 11,797; p > ,003). Rezultati dalje ukazuju da veliki procenat učenika oba

pola srednjeg školskog uzrasta ne zna ili ne zna pravilno da pliva. U ovom istraživanju nije potvrđena

statistički značajna povezanost između sedentarnih navika i fi zičke aktivnosti.

Zaključak

Rezultati istraživanja ukazuju na značaj pripreme nacionalnog plana i programa za promociju fi zičke ak-

tivnosti, kako bi se pomoglo mladima da promene nezdrave životne navike i poveć aju fi zičku aktivnost, i

na taj način poboljšaju svoje zdravlje.

Ključne reči: adolescenti, fi zička aktivnost, sedentarne navike

Literatura

1. Crocker, P.R.E., Bailey, D.A., Faulkner,R.A., Kowalski, K.C. & McGrath, R. (1997). Measuring general levels of

physical activity: preliminary evidence for the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children. Medicine &

Science in Sports & Exercise, 29(10), 1344-1349.

2. Currie, C., Samdal, O., Boyce, W.& Smith, B. (Eds.) (2002). Health Behaviour in School-aged Children: a World

Health Organization Cross-NationalStudy. Research Protocol for the 2001/02 Survey.Edinburgh: Child and Ado-

lescent Health Research Unit, University of Edinburgh.

181

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND SEDENTARY HABITS AMONG MACEDONIAN

ADOLESCENTS FROM ALBANIAN ETHNIC COMMUNITY

Seryozha Gontarev1, Ruzdija Kalac1, Agim Redjepi2

1Faculty of Physical Education, Sport, and Health, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University,

Skopje, Macedonia2Faculty of Physical Education, State University of Tetovo, Macedonia

Introduction

Th e human body is designed to move and that is why it needs regular physical activity in order to function

optimally to preserve health and to improve quality of life. Many researches show that sedentary lifestyle

is a risk factor for the development of many chronic diseases, including cardiovascular diseases which are

the main cause of increased mortality in the western world.

Method

A sample of 886 respondents aged 11 to 14 years was divided into two subsampels of 427 males and 441

females which realized the basic research to determine the condition and gender diff erences in physi-

cal activity and sedentary habits among Macedonian adolescents from Albanian ethnic community. Th e

physical activity was assessed by using the Physical Activity Questionnaire, while the sedentary habits were

assessed by using a standardized quastionnarie. Th e obtained information were processed by analysis of

frequency (F), percent (%), and to determine whether there are statistically signifi cant diff erences in physi-

cal activity and sedentary habits among male and female students χ2 test was applied.


On the basis of the obtained results it can be concluded that boys unlike girls spend more time in physical

activity (χ2 = 12,753; p > ,000) and working on the computer (χ2 = 12,753; p > ,000), while the girls spend

more time watching TV (χ2 = 11,797; p > ,003). Th e results further indicate that a large percentage of stu-

dents of both genders of middle school age cannot or cannot swim properly. In this research the statisti-

cally signifi cant association between sedentary habits and physical activity was not confi rmed.

Conclusion

Th e results from the research indicate the importance of preparing the national plan and program to pro-

mote the physical activity in order to help young people to change unhealthy lifestyle habits and increase

physical activity, and thus improve their health.

Key words: adolescents, physical activity, sedentary habits

References1. Crocker, P.R.E., Bailey, D.A., Faulkner,R.A., Kowalski, K.C. & McGrath, R. (1997). Measuring general levels of

physical activity: preliminary evidence for the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children. Medicine &

Science in Sports & Exercise, 29(10), 1344-1349.

2. Currie, C., Samdal, O., Boyce, W.& Smith, B. (Eds.) (2002). Health Behaviour in School-aged Children: a World

Health Organization Cross-NationalStudy. Research Protocol for the 2001/02 Survey.Edinburgh: Child and Ado-

lescent Health Research Unit, University of Edinburgh.

182

UPOREDNI PRIKAZ FUNKCIONALNOG KAPACITETA

ŽENA TREĆEG DOBA IZ GRADSKE I SEOSKE SREDINE

Popović Ružena, Pantelić Saša, Đurašković Ratomir

Univerzitet u Nišu, Fakultet sporta i fi zičkog vaspitanja, Niš, Srbija

Uvod

Funkcionalna sposobnost kardio-vaskularnog sistema (KVS), uz psihološke i somatometrijske parametre,

predstavljaju kompleksne determinante fi zičkog radnog kapaciteta netreniranih osoba, kao i aktivnih po-

jedinaca, oba pola. Fizički radni kapacitet predstavlja širok pojam i veoma teško se defi niše. Najadekvat-

niju defi niciju je dala Svetska Zdravstvena Organizacija (WHO), koja ga označava kao „sposobnost da

se mišićni rad izvrši na zadovoljavajući način“. Zbog morfoloških pokazatelja, KVS sistem kod žena ima

izvesne specifi čnosti koje su značajne za njegovu funkcionalnu sposobnost. Osnovni cilj ove studije je

utvrđivanje razlika u funkcionalnom statustu kod starih žena iz urbane i ruralne sredine.

Metod

Osnovni predmet istraživanja je utvrđivanje kapaciteta specifi čnih fi zioloških parametara i uporedna anal-

iza utvrđenog statusa kod starih osoba ženskog pola iz urbane i ruralne sredine (Total=694): grad (n=404);

selo (n=290), starosti od 60-70 godina. Za utvrđivanje statusa fi zioloških kapaciteta su razmatrane neke

cirkulatorne varijable u različitim uslovima funkcionisanja. Set varijabli se sastojao od 9 parametara: Srčana

frekvenca u miru (otk/min), Srednja vrednost srčanog pritiska (mm/Hg), Sistolni pritisak (mm/Hg), Dijas-

tolni pritisak (mm/Hg), Srčana frekvenca u opterećenju (otk/min), Dupli proizvod, Pulsni pritisak (mm/

Hg), Srednji arterijski pritisak (mm/Hg), i Dvominutni step-test (broj koraka). Analiza podataka: Bazična

statistika, t-test, ANOVA.


Rezultati istraživanja ukazuju da u većini primenjenih varijabli kod različitih sub-uzoraka ispitanica nisu

utvrđene statistički značajne razlike. Na osnovu ANOVA-e su bile utvrđene samo pojedinačne razlike kod

2/9 primenjenih parametara u korist osoba iz gradske sredine: dijastolni pritisak (p=.000); srednji arterijski

pritisak (p=.008).

Zaključak

Analiza varijanse ne potvrđuje da se dve grupe žena iz različitih sredina statistički značajno razlikuju, osim

kod 2/9 primenjena parametraparametara.

Key words: Žene zrelog doba, Demografski pokazatelji, Selo-Grad, Fiziološki parametri

References1. Astrand, P.O., Rodahl, K. (1986). Textbook of work physiology. 3rd edition. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Com-

pany.

2. Fox, E., Bowers, R., Foss, M. (1993). Th e physiological basis for exercise and sport. 5th edition. Madison, WI:

Brown and Benchmark

3. McArdle, W.D., Katch, F.I., Katch, V.L. (1994). Essentials of exercise physiology. Philadelphia, PA: Lea and Febiger.

4. Powers, S.K., Howley, E.T. (1990). Exercise physiology: theory and application to fi tness and performance.

Dubuque, IA: William C. Brown.

183

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF FUNCTIONAL CAPACITY

IN ELDERLY WOMEN OF URBAN AND RURAL AREA

Ružena Popović, Saša Pantelić, Ratomir Đurašković

University of Niš, Faculty of Sport and Physical education, Niš, Serbia

Introduction

Functional capacity of cardio-vascular system (CVS), along with psychological and somatometric parame-

ters, are complex determinants of physical work capacity in non-active, as well as active persons, both man

and women. Physical work capacity as wide term is very diffi cult to defi ne. Th e most adequate defi nition is

that of the WHO, which defi nes it as „ability to perform muscles work in most appropriate way“. Because

of morphological parameters, CVS in women has some specifi city that is important for his functional ca-

pacity. Th e basic aim of this study is determination of diff erences in functional status in older women from

urban and rural area.

Method

Th e Sample of examinees in Total is (N = 694): of urban (n = 404) and rural (n = 290) women of 60-70 years

of age. For the estimation of physiological parameters capacities, some circular variables were applied in

diff erent conditions of functioning. Th e set of variables involved 9 parameters: Heart frequency in rest

(frq/min), Mean value of heart pressure (mm/Hg), Systolic pressure (mm/Hg), Diastolic pressure (mm/

Hg), Heart rate in load (frq/min), Dabble product, Pals pressure (mm/Hg), Mean art aerial pressure (mm/

Hg), and Two-minute step-test (steps frq). Data analysis: Basics statistics, t-test, ANOVA.


Research results point out that in majority of applied parameters in diff erent sub-samples of older women

no statistically signifi cance diff erences were established. On the base of analysis of variance it only indi-

vidual diff erences were determined in two out of nine applied parameters in favor of persons from urban

area: diastolic tension (p=.000), and mean arterial tension (p=.008).

Conclusion

ANOVA does not confi rm statistical signifi cance diff erences between older women from diff erent areas.

Established diff erences are only numerical, except in 2/9 parameters.

Key words: Elderly women, Demographic data, Urban-rural area, Physiological parameters

References1. Astrand, P.O., Rodahl, K. (1986). Textbook of work physiology. 3rd edition. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Com-

pany.

2. Fox, E., Bowers, R., Foss, M. (1993). Th e physiological basis for exercise and sport. 5th edition. Madison, WI:

Brown and Benchmark

3. McArdle, W.D., Katch, F.I., Katch, V.L. (1994). Essentials of exercise physiology. Philadelphia, PA: Lea and Febiger.

4. Powers, S.K., Howley, E.T. (1990). Exercise physiology: theory and application to fi tness and performance.

Dubuque, IA: William C. Brown.

184

DOZIRANJE ZDRAVSTVENOG FITNES VEŽBANJA

UZ PODRŠKU RAČUNARA COREFITMAX

Duško Spasovski1,2, Stanimir Stojiljković3

1Institut za ortopedsko-hirurške bolesti “Banjica”, Beograd, Srbija2Univerzitet u Beogradu, Medicinski fakultet, Beograd, Srbija

3Univerzitet u Beogradu, Fakultet sporta i fi zičkog vaspitanja, Beograd, Srbija

Uvod

Napredak informatičkih tehnologija omogućava in dividualizaciju programa fi tnes vežbanja u odnosu na

proizvoljni broj motoričkih parametara vežbača, u skladu sa njegovim potrebama, željama i zdravstvenim

indikacijama. Na taj način su razvijeni različiti koncepti doziranja vežbanja. CoreFitMax koncept vežbanja

(originalni projekat autora) je usmeren na razvoj aktivne pokretljivosti tela, uz balansiranu funkcionalnu

hipertrofi ju insufi cijentne muskulature dominantno proprioceptivnom stimulacijom.

Metod

CoreFitMax koristi 15-segmentni analitički model tela (neparni segmenti - grudni, lumbalni i pelvični, i

parni – nadlakat, podlakt, šaka, natkolenica, potkolenica i stopalo). Ulazne varijable vežbača predstavljaju

rezultati FMS (Functional Movement Screening) baterije od sedam motoričkih testova (pet unilateralnih),

ocenjenih od 1 do 3, kao i prisustva tegoba (bol pri pokretima, abnormalna pokretljivost segmenata). Re-

testiranje se izvodi na mesečnom nivou.


Koncept obuhvata 570 vežbi. Za svaku vežbu je izvršena: motorička analiza (početni i završni položaj; vrsta

mišićne kontrakcije agonista za svaki od segmenata tela); antropometrijska analiza (relativno opterećenje

u % telesne težine proisteklo iz težine i položaja segmenata tela tokom pokreta); analiza stabilnosti težišta

(kvantifi kovana na osnovu oblika i površine oslonca); veličina kinetičkog lanca (izražena kroz broj seg-

menata tela od oslonca do segmenta koji vrši pokret); vrsta kretanja (ciklična i aciklična). Za svaku vežbu

sistemom pondera proračunat je uticaj na svaki od 12 rezultata FMS testa. Vežbe se potom rangiraju prema

sumi pondera i tako se formira podskup od 8-10 vežbi koje čine jedan trening. Opterećenje se dozira bro-

jem ponavljanja i zavisi od utreniranosti vežbača i rezultata prethodnog treninga. Progresija se vrši kroz

povećanje nestabilnosti oslonca ili povećanjem intenziteta opterećenja, zavisno od nivoa utreniranosti.

Program obuhvata tri treninga nedeljno.

Zaključak

Doziranje vežbanja pomoću računara omogućava proračun velikog broja podataka o vežbaču i o vežbi, uz

objektivizaciju izbora optimalnih vežbi u odnosu na trenutne motoričke potrebe i ciljeve vežbanja. Upotre-

ba digitalnih podataka omogućava precizno praćenje i poredjenje rezultata, kao i jednostavno kreiranje

grafi kona sa značajnim motivišućim efektom. Uprkos složenosti, CoreFitMax je jednostavan za upotrebu i

efi kasan koncept vežbanja.

Ključne reči: programiranje treninga, FMS, korektivno vežbanje, CoreFitMax

Literatura

1. Gamble, P. (2013) Movement screening protocols: Rationale versus evidence. Journal of Sports Medicine 40(2);83-7.

2. Van Vliet, P.M., Heneghan, N.R. (2006) Motor control and the management of musculoskeletal dysfunction. Man-

ual Th erapy 11(3);208–13.

185

DOSING OF COMPUTERMEDIATED

HEALTH FITNESS EXERCISING COREFITMAX

Duško Spasovski1,2, Stanimir Stojiljković3

1Institute for orthopedic-surgery diseases “Banjica”, Belgrade, Serbia2University of Belgrade, Faculty of Medicine, Belgrade, Serbia

3University of Belgrade, Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, Belgrade, Serbia

Introduction

Th e progress of IT technologies enables individualization of the fi tness programs with regard to arbitrary

number of motor parameters of the performers, in line with his/her needs, wishes and health indications.

Consequently, diff erent concepts of exercises dosing were developed. CoreFitMax exercising concept (au-

thors’ original project) was directed to development of active body mobility, together with a balances func-

tional hypertrophy of insuffi cient musculature by dominant proprioceptive stimulation.

Method

CoreFitMax uses a 15-segment analytical body model (odd segments – pectoral, lumbar and pelvic and

even ones – upper arm, forearm, palm, upper leg, lower leg and foot). Th e entry variables of the performers

are the results of the FMS (Functional Movement Screening) battery of seven motor tests (fi ve unilateral),

scored 1 to 3, as well as the presence of disorders (pain at movements, abnormal mobility of segments).

Re-testing is performed monthly.


Th e concept includes 570 exercises. Each exercise was analyzed as follows: motor analysis (initial and fi nal

position; type of muscular contraction of agonists for each body segment); anthropometric analysis (rela-

tive load in % of body mass resulting from weight and segments’ positions in the course of movement);

analysis of center stability (quantifi ed based on the form and surface of the center); size of kinetic chain (ex-

pressed by the number of body segments from the support to the segment that is performing movement);

type of movement (cyclic and acyclic). By the ponder system for each exercise, the eff ect was calculated for

each of the 12 results of FMS test. Th e exercises are then ranged according to the ponder sum and thus

a subset of 8-10 exercises is formed to make one training. Th e load is dozed by a number of repetitions

and depends on performer’s fi tness and the results of previous training. Progression is done through an

increase of support instability or through an increase of load intensity depending on the level of fi tness.

Th e program encompasses three training per week.

Conclusion

Computer-mediated exercise dosing enables calculation of a great number of data on both performer and

exercises, with objectivisation of a selection of optimal exercises with regard to current motor abilities and

exercise aims. Th e usage of digital data enables accurate monitoring and comparison of the results as well

as a simple creation of a graph with a signifi cant motivating eff ect. Despite its complexity, CoreFitMax is

simple to use and effi cient exercising concept.

Key words: training programming, FMS, corrective exercises, CoreFitMax

References1. Gamble, P. (2013) Movement screening protocols: Rationale versus evidence. Journal of Sports Medicine 40(2);83-7.

2. VanVliet, P.M., Heneghan, N.R. (2006) Motor control and the management of musculoskeletal dysfunction. Man-

ual Th erapy 11(3);208–13.

186

187

POSTERI

POSTERS

188

NEKI POKAZATELJI OPTEREĆENJA UTICAJA TRENINGA

TOKOM PRIPREMA R. NEYKOVE, OLIMPIJSKE ŠAMPIONKE

U PEKINGU 2008. GODINE

Svilen Neykov

Nacionalna sportska akademija “Vasil Levski”, Sofi ja, Bugarska

Uvod

Nakon Olimpijskih igara u Atini 2004. godine, gde je R. Neykova osvojila bronzanu medalju u “skifu”,

odlučili smo da podvrgnemo eksperimentu model sportskog treninga u više aspekata sa ciljem osvajanja

zlatne olimpijske medalje u Pekingu.

Metod

Kako bi usmerili Vašu pažnju naročito na dešavanja u pripremi sportistkinje predstavićemo pripremne

i takmičarske mezo cikluse, koji pokrivaju period od 16.06.2008. do 08.08.2008. godine u osam mikro

ciklusa.


Izgradnja optereć enja treninga u nedeljnim mikro ciklusima i kontrola u raznim parametrima je od

suštinskog značaja da se održi visoka specifi čna performansa. Osnovni parametri su : HR (frekvencija Surd.

Skr.), La (laktat) l (mmol), Vsr čamac pri bilo kom tempu, ritmu, sistemu poluge. Mentalna stabilnost, mo-

tivacija, volja, itd jesu osnova za realizaciju cilja. Ova faza se odlikuje izuzetnim dinamičkim optereć enjem

i povezanim procesima oporavka koji imaju heterohronični karakter. U okviru ova dva mezo ciklusa koji

pokrivaju oko 60 dana, sportistkinja je završila obim od 1431 km vodene table 1, što je 27,5 % od ukupne

zapremine te godine.

Zaključak

1. U završnoj fazi (dva mezo ciklusa) postojala je značajna količina opterećenja treninga koju je sportist-

kinja uspela da postigne u meri od preko 95%.

2. Sistematična i kontinuirana aktivnost sa veoma dobrom vezom između mezo ciklusa.

Ključne reči: Veslanje, Olimpijske igre, priprema

Literatura

1. S. Neykov, Optimizing workout load for elite rowing athletes

2. Tz. Jeliazkov, Th eory of sport training

189

SOME INDICATORS OF TRAINING LOADS IMPACTS

IN THE PREPARATION OF

OLYMPIC CHAMPION IN BEIJING 2008 R. NEYKOVA

Svilen Neykov

National Sports Academy “Vassil Levski”, Sofi a, Bulgaria

Introduction

After the Olympic Games in Athens 2004, where R. Neykova won a bronze medal in the “skiff ” we decided

to experiment a model of sports training in multi-aspect in order to win the Olympic gold medal in Beijing.

Method

In order to focus your attention to developments in the preparation of the athlete in particular, preparatory

and the competitive mesocycles covering the period from 16.06.2008. to 08.08.2008 in eight micro-cycles

which will be presented.


Construction of training loads in the weekly micro cycles and control in the various parameters is essen-

tial to maintain the high specifi c performance. Th e main parameters are: HR (frequency Surd. Abbr.), La

(lactate) l (mmol), Vsr the boat at any time pace, rhythm, lever system. Mental stability, motivation, etc.

will. is the basis for the realization of the aim. Th is stage is characterized by its exceptional dynamic load

and the associated processes of recovery that have heterochronic character. Within these two mesocycles

covering about 60 days, the athlete has completed a volume of 1431 km of water table. 1, which is 27.5% of

the total volume of the year.

Conclusion

1. At the fi nal stage (two mesocycles) was a considerable amount of training loads that athlete managed to

achieve over 95%.

2. Systematic and continuous operation with very good connection between the mesocycles.

Key words: Rowing, Olympic games, Preparation

References 1. S. Neykov, Optimizing workout load for elite rowing athletes

2. Tz. Jeliazkov, Th eory of sport training

190

ŠTA ČINI SADRŽAJ FUNKCIONALNE UKLJUČENOSTI RODITELJA

U SPORT MLADIH?1

Ana Vesković1, Nenad Koropanovski2

1Univerzitet u Beogradu, Fakultet sporta i fi zičkog vaspitanja, Beograd, Srbija2Kriminalističko – policijska akademija, Beograd, Srbija

Uvod

Roditelji su značajni agensi socijalizacije uopšte, pa i socijalizacje mladih kroz sport. Oni se uključuju u

sport dece u različitom stepenu. Osim toga, njihova uključenost se razlikuje prema efektima, da li, i koliko,

doprinosi tome da mladi ostvare pozitivne efekte kroz sport. U tom smislu govorimo o funkcionalnoj i o

disfunkcinalnoj uljučenosti roditelja u sport dece. Ovo istraživanje je osmišljeno sa ciljem identifi kovanja

sadržaja koji čini funkcionalnu uključenost roditelja u sport dece.

Metod

Formirane su tri fokus grupe: dve u kojima su učestvovali aktivni sportisti (n=6 ženskog pola i n=6 muškog

pola), studenti prve godine FSFV (po dva puta), i treća u kojoj su učestvovali roditelji (n=6 majki i n=6

očeva), koji imaju jedno ili više dece uključene u takmičarski sport. Analizi podataka pristupilo se primenom

stupnjevitog sistema logičke analize.


Između roditelja i sportista postoji visok stepen saglasnosti da sledeći sadržaji čine funkcionalnu

uključenost: pružanje osnovne i psihološke podrške, motivisanje za učestvovanje u sportu, postavljanje

jasnih granica između uloga roditelja i trenera, razvoj samostalnosti dece u odlučivanju vezano za s port.

Specifi čno, tokom diskusije s roditeljima diferencirale su se još dve teme: formulisanje alternativnih gledišta

različitih događaja, najčešće uspeha i neuspeha, i posedovanje otvorenog stava prema funkcionalnoj vred-

nosti sporta, tj. mogućnosti da mladi kroz sport ostvare pozitivne efekte na psihološkom planu koje mogu

da koriste u drugim domenima. Specifi čno, tokom diskusije sa sportistima diferencirale su se još dve teme.

Prva se odnosi na to da ukoliko roditelji nisu uključeni u sport na način koji je u skladu s potrebama i

očekivanjima mladih, onda lične snage i resursi sportiste mogu da imaju kompenzantornu ulogu. Funk-

cionalno angažovanje roditelja isključuje prisustvo nefunkcionalnog: nezainteresovanost roditelja i preuzi-

manje uloga trenera.

Zaključak

Ključni značaj istraživanja ogleda se u empirijski zasnovanoj osnovi sadržaja funkcionalne uključenosti

roditelja kao osnovi za dalja kvantitativna istraživanja.

Ključne reči: mladi sportisti, roditelji, funkcionalna uključenost roditelja u sport mladih.

Literatura1. Sacks, D. N., Tenenbaum, G., & Pargman, D. (2006). Providing sport psychology services to families. In J. Dosil

(Ed.), Th e sport psychologist’s handbook: A guide for sport-specifi c performance enhancement (pp. 39-59). New

Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

2. Hellstedt, J. C. (2005). Invisible players: A family systems model, Clinics in Sports Medicine, 24 (4), 899-928.

Napomena1Rad je deo projekta „Efekti primenjene fi zičke aktivnosti na lokomotorni, metabolički, psihosocijalni i vaspitni status populacije R

Srbije” (br. III47015), i projekta Unapređivanje kvaliteta i dostupnosti obrazovanja u procesima modernizacije Srbije“ (br. 47008)

koje fi nansira Ministarstvo prosvete, nauke i tehnološkog razvoja Republike Srbije (2011-2014).

191

WHAT IS THE CONTENT OF FUNCTIONAL ENGAGEMENT OF PARENTS IN

SPORTS ACTIVITY OF THE YOUTH?1

Ana Vesković1; Nenad Koropanovski2

1University of Belgrade, Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, Belgrade, Serbia 2Academy of Criminalist and Police Studies, Belgrade, Serbia

Introduction

Parents are generally signifi cant agents of youth socialization and thus equally of socialization through

sport. Th ey are engaged in their children’s sporting activities up to a diff erent degree. Additionally, their

engagement diff ers according to the eff ects and to the extent to which it contributes to their children’s

achievement of positive eff ects through sport. Consequently, we can speak about functional and dysfunc-

tional engagement of parents in sport activity of the youth. Th is research was designed to identify contents

of functional engagement of parents in sports activities of the youth.

Method

Th ree focus groups were formed: two with active athletes as participants (n=6 females and n=6 males),

fi rst-year students of the Faculty of Sport and Physical education (twice each), and the third one with par-

ents (n=6 mothers and n=6 fathers), who have a child or more children involved in competitive sport. Th e

data analysis was done by applying a gradual system of logical analysis.


Th ere is a high level of correspondence between parents and athletes on which contents form the function-

al engagement: providing basic and psychological support, motivation for participation in sport, setting

of clear boundaries between the roles of a parent and a coach, development of children independence in

decision making regarding sport. Specifi cally, during the discussion with parents, two topics also emerged:

formulating of alternative views on diff erent events, mostly related to success and failure and possessing of

an open attitude towards functional value of sport i.e., towards a possibility that through sport the young

realize positive eff ects on psychological level that can be used in other domains. Specifi cally, in the course

of discussion with the athletes another two topics were identifi ed. Th e fi rst refers to the cases when parents

are not included in sport in a way which does not comply with the youth needs and expectations, then per-

sonal forces and resources of the athletes can have compensatory role. Functional engagement of parents

excludes the dysfunctional: parents’ disinterest and taking over the role of a coach.

Conclusion

Th e crucial importance of the research refl ects in empirically based elements of the content of functional

engagement of parents as foundation for further quantitative research.

Key words: young athletes, parents, functional engagement in sports activity of the youth.

References1. Sacks, D. N., Tenenbaum, G., & Pargman, D. (2006). Providing sport psychology services to families. In J. Dosil

(Ed.), Th e sport psychologist’s handbook: A guide for sport-specifi c performance enhancement (pp. 39-59). New

Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

2. Hellstedt, J. C. (2005). Invisible players: A family systems model, Clinics in Sports Medicine, 24 (4), 899-928.

Acknowledgements1Th e paper is part of the project “Eff ects of applied physical activity on locomotion, metabolic, psycho-social and educational

status of the population in Republic of Serbia” (No III47015), and project „Improving the quality and accessibility of education in

modernization processes in Serbia” (No 47008), fi nancially supported by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological

Development of the Republic of Serbia (2011-2014).

192

CILJNA USMERENOST KARATISTA1

Nenad Koropanovski2, Ana Vesković2, Srećko Jovanović1

1Kriminalističko-policijska akademija, Beograd, Srbija2Univerzitet u Beogradu, Fakultet sporta i fi zičkog vaspitanja, Beograd, Srbija

Uvod

Kada se sportisti uključe u takmičenje, pored toga što neprekidno teže usavršavanju, oni nastoje da budu

bolji od drugih. Prema teoriji ciljeva (AGT) razlikuju se dve ciljne usmerenosti: ciljna usmerenost na

usavršavanje (task orientation) i ciljna usmerenost na rezultat (ego orientation). U karateu razlike postoje

između različitih disciplina prema tome da li se sportisti takmiče sa drugima ili sa određenim standard-

ima: borci se takmiče između sebe, a kataši sa određenim standardima. Ovim istraživanjem autori žele

da utvrde karakterisike ciljne usmerenosti karatista i da ispitaju da li postoje razlike u ciljnoj usmerenosti

između boraca i kataša.

Metod

Uzorak čine karatisti (N=99), uzrasta od 12-28 godina (Mgod

= 17.35, SD=3.78), koji se sportom bave od

3-20 godina (Mstaž

= 9.36, SD=3.75), oba pola (ndevojaka

=49; nmladića

=40). U uzroku je jednak broj boraca (n=45)

i kataša (n=44). Primenjen je Upitnik ciljne usmerenosti (TESQ), oblik za koji je u ranjem istraživanju

utvrđeno da pokazuje najbolje metrijske karakersitike u našoj sredini.


Rezultati ANOVE za ponovljena merenja pokazuju da su karatisti u većem stepenu usmereni na lično

usavršavanje i napredovanje nego na postizanje rezultata F(1,88)=9.452, p<0.01. Rezultati ANOVE poka-

zuju da su kataši i borci u jednakom stepenu usmereni na usavršavanje F(1,88)=1.60, p>0.05, a da kataši

u poređenju sa borcima pokazuju snažniju ciljnu usmerenost na postizanje rezultata nego borci F(1,88)=

3788.16.

Zaključak

Rezultati dobijeni u ovom i straživanju ukazuju na to da su karatisti u većem stepenu usmereni na

usavšavanje i na unapređivanje svoje kompetentnosti, dakle oni koriste samoreferentne kriterijume za

procenu uspešnosti. Kataši su u poređenju sa boracima više usmereni na korišćenje normativnih kriteru-

juma, dakle na upoređivanje sa drugima. Autori smatraju da u osnovi dobijenog rezultata mogu biti upravo

različiti standardi koje karatisti iz ove dve discipline nastoje da ostvare kao su trening i motivaciona klima

na treningu.

Ključne reči: ciljna usmerenost na usavršavanje, ciljna usmerenost na postizanje rezultata, karate, borci, kataši.

Literatura1. King, L, A., & Williams, T. A. (1997). Goal orientation and performance in martial arts. Journal of Sport Behavior,

20(4), 397-411.

2. Vesković, A., & Milanović, M. (2011). Odnos između ciljeva, motivacije i pozitivnih ishoda na primeru mladih

sportista iz Srbije. Facta universitatis - series: Physical Education and Sport, 9(4), 455-464.

Napomena1Članak predstavlja rezultat rada na projektu “ Efekti primenjene fi zičke aktivnosti na lokomotorni, metabolički, psiho-socijalni

i vaspitni status populacije R Srbije ”, broj 47015 (2011-2014), čiju realizaciju fi nansira Ministarstvo za nauku i tehnološki razvoj

Republike Srbije.

193

THE GOAL ORIENTATION OF KARATISTS1

Nenad Koropanovski2, Ana Vesković1, Srećko Jovanović1

1University of Belgrade, Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, Belgrade, Serbia 2Academy of Criminalist and Police Studies, Belgrade, Serbia

Introduction

In the initial stages of involvement in the sport, they are trying to learn the technical and tactical skills and

to master them.

When athletes start to compete, in addition to continuously strive to skill improvement, they tend to be

better than others. According to the theory of goals (AGT) there are two goal orientations: the goal ori-

entation to skill improvement (task orientation) and the goal orientation on results (ego orientation). In

karate, there are diff erences between the various disciplines: Kumites compete among each other, and

Katas with certain standards. In this research the authors wish to determine the characteristics in the goal

orientation of karatists, and also to examine whether there are diff erences in the goal orientation between

Kumites and Katas.

Method (Meis

- Expiriance In Sport)

Th e sample consisted of karatists (N = 99), aged 12-28 years (Mage

= 17:35, SD = 3.78), which is involved in

sports from 3-20 years (Meigs

= 9:36, SD = 3.75), both sexes (nwomen

= 49 ; nmen

= 40). Th e sample consists of

the same number of Kumites (n = 45) and Katas (n = 44). Th e questionnaire of goal orientation was applied

(TESQ), the form which shows the best metric characteristics in our society in the previous research.


Repeated ANOVA measurements show that karatists to a greater degree are focused on personal develop-

ment and advancement rather than results achieving F(1,88)=9.452, p<0.01. ANOVA showed that Katas

and Kumites were equally focused on skill improvement F(1,88)=1.60, p>0.05, and Katas showed stronger

goal orientation on achieving results in comparison to Kumites F(1,88)= 3788.16, p<0.01.

Conclusion

Th e results obtained in this study indicate that the karatists are focused to a greater extent on the improve-

ment and development of their competence, so they use self-referent criteria to estimate their achieve-

ment. Katas in comparison with Kumites are more focused on the use of normative criteria. Th e authors

think that the basis of the obtained scores, results from diff erent standards that karate experts from these

two disciplines are trying to achieve, as well as from the factors that belong to the contextual level.

Key words: Task orientation, Ego orientation, Karate, Kumites, Katas.

References

King, L, A., & Williams, T. A. (1997). Goal orientation and performance in martial arts. Journal of Sport

Behavior, 20(4), 397-411.

Vesković, A., & Milanović, M. (2011). Odnos između ciljeva, motivacije i pozitivnih ishoda na primeru

mladih sportista iz Srbije. Facta universitatis - series: Physical Education and Sport, 9(4), 455-464.

Acknowledgements1Th is article is the result of the project „Eff ects of the Applied Physical Activity to Locomotors, Metabolic, Psycho-Social and Edu-

cational Status of the Population of the Republic of Serbia” No 47015 (2011-2014), fi nancially supported by the Ministry of Science

and Techological Development of the Republic of Serbia

194

EFEKTI PRIMENE DVONEDELJNOG PROGRAMA ,,ČIGOTICA”

NA GOJAZNOST DECE UZRASTA 12 DO 18 GODINA

Dušan Mitić, Vedran Ćirković


Uvod

Prema defi niciji Svetske zdravstvene organizacije gojaznost je oboljenje koje karakteriše povećanje masne

mase tela u meri koja dovodi do narušavanja zdravlja i razvoja niza komplikacija. Srbija prema istraživanjima

Batutovog instituta iz 2014. godine, ima oko 50% populacije koja je gojazna. Prema podacima UNICEF-a,

19% dece uzrasta do pet godina u Srbiji je gojazno.(Lešović 2011) Specijalna bolnica „Čigota“ Zlatibor i

Udruženje pedijatara Srbije imajući u vidu značaj problema gojaznosti u oktobru 2007. godine zajedno sa

Ministarstvom zdravlja i Republičkim zavodom za zdravstveno osiguranje realizuju projekt „Prevencija i

lečenje gojaznosti kod dece i adolescenata u Srbiji“. Cilj programa je da se deca i adolescenti, koji imaju

gojaznost preko 97. percentilnog ranga, u periodu od 14 dana koliko traje ovaj program edukuju u oblasti

ishrane, higijenskih navika, fi zičke aktivnosti i zdravog načina života i da prihvate taj način kao svakodnev-

ni način života. Cilj ovog rada je da proceni da li i u kojoj meri dvonedeljni program ,,Čigotica“ deluje na

telesnu masu i telesni sastav dečaka i devojčica uzrasta 12 do 18 godina koja taj program pohađaju.

Metod

Na uzorku od 122 dece (71 devojčica i 51 dečak), uzrasta14,33±1,72 godina, primenjen je eksperimental-

ni metod bez kontrolne grupe. Istraživanje obuhvata tri grupe koje su boravile po 14 dana u periodu jul i

avgust 2014. godine u Specijalnoj bolnici za tiroidnu žlezdu i bolesti metabolizma na Zlatiboru. Telesna

kompozicija ispitanika merena je metodom bioelektrične impedanse, na vagi IN BODY 230, a obimi centi-

metarskom pantljikom. Merenje je vršeno na početku i na kraju četrnaestodnevnog programa. Pored de-

skriptivne analize, razlike su testirane studentovim t-testom.


Prosečna vrednost TM pre početka programa iznosila je 87,12±15,70kg, a na kraju programa 82,72±15,01kg.

Prosečna vrednost razlike telesne mase između inicijalnog i fi nalnog merenja kod ukupnog broja ispitanika

iznosi 4,39 ±1,59kg; dečaci 4,99±1,37kg ; devojčice 3,96±1,61kg; Razlike su statistički značajne kod svih

uzoraka na nivou p=0.00.Prosečna vrednost Indekasa telesne mase (BMI) pre početka programa iznosila

je 31,2±4,56 kg/m²; a na kraju programa 29,7±4,39 kg/m². BMI je kod ukupnog broja ispitanika sman-

jen za 1,56±0,49kg/m², kod dečaka za 1,69±0,41kg/m²; devojčica za 1,46±0,53kg/m². Razlike su statistički

značajne kod svih uzoraka na nivou p=0.00. Prosečna vrednost procenta masti pre početka programa

iznosila je 41,92±6,55kg a na kraju programa 40,23±7,69kg. Procenat masti kod ukupnog broja ispitanika

je niži za 1,69±3,76 %, dok su veći napredak imali dečaci 2,87±4,19 %, nego devojčice 0,84±3,19%, što je

statistički značajno na nivou p=0.00. Svi mereni obimi struka, kuka, grudnog koša, nadlakta i nadkolenice

su statistički značajno smanjeni na nivou p=0.00.

Zaključak

Iz prosečnih vrednosti varijabli se može videti da je program pozitivno uticao na telesni sastav ispitanika,

jer je i kod devojčica i kod dečaka telesna masa najviše redukovana smanjenjem telesnih masti 1,69±3,76

%, dok su veći napredak imali dečaci 2,87±4,19 % nego devojčice 0,84±3,19%. što je statistički značajno na

nivou p=0.00. Podaci iz ovog rada kao i brojna istraživanja ovog tipa u svetu i kod nas pokazali su da dobro

programirana fi zička aktivnost i planirana ishrana, deluje pozitivno na telesni sastav i gojaznost.

Ključne reči: Dečja gojaznost, kombinovani program, dozirana fi zička aktivnost, telesna kompozicija.

Literatura1. Beavers K., Beavers D., Nesbit B., Ambrosius W., Marsh A., Nicklas B., Rejeski J., Eff ect of an 18 month physical

activity and weight loss intervention on body composition in overweight and obese older adults, Obesity (Silver

Spring), 2014, Feb; 22(2); 325-31.

2. Lešović S., Program Čigotica - pedijatrijska iskustva, Medicinski glasnik Specijalna bolnica za bolesti štitaste

žlezde i bolesti metabolizma Zlatibor, 2011, vol. 16, br. 39, str. 65

195

THE EFFECTS OF THE APPLICATION OF ‘ČIGOTICA’ TWOWEEK

PROGRAM ON OBESITY IN CHILDREN AGED 1218 YEARS OLD

Dušan Mitić; Vedran Ćirković1University of Belgrade, Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, Belgrade, Serbia

Introduction According to the defi nition of the World Health Organization, obesity is a medical condition in which the body has gained excessive body fat to the extent that it may cause health problems and a range of other complications. According to the Batut Institute research from 2014, there are more than 50% of obese people in Serbia. UNICEF data showed that 19% of children aged 1 to 5 are obese (Lesovic 2011). A special clinic at Zlatibor mountain, ‘Cigota’, launched a project in 2007- Prevention and treatment of obesity in children and adolescents in Serbia, together with the Ministry of Health, National Health Insurance Fund and the Association of Pediatricians of Serbia. Th e aim of this two-week program is for children and ado-lescents whose obesity is over 97th percentile range to receive an education in fi elds of nutrition, hygiene, physical activity and a healthy lifestyle so as to accept this as a normal way of living. Th e goal of this paper is to estimate whether and to what extent this two-week program infl uences body mass and body composi-tion of boys and girls aged 12 to 18 who attend this program

Method

Th e experimental method without a control group was used on 122 children (71 girls and 51 boys) aged 14,33±1,72. Th e research included three groups which stayed at a Specialized hospital for tyroid gland and metabolic diseases in Zlatibor for 14 days in July and August 2014. Th e assessment of body composition of the respondents was carried out by a measuring instrument- a scale with bioimpendance In Body 230, whereas the waist circumference was measured with centimetre tape measure. Th e weighing was per-formed at the beginning and at the end of the two-week program. Along with the descriptive analysis, the diff erences were tested with the student’s t-test.

Results

Th e average BM before the beginning of the program was 87,12±15,70kg, and at the end 82,72±15,01kg.

Th e average value diff erence in body mass between the initial and fi nal weigh-in in all the respondents

was 4,39 ±1,59kg; boys 4,99±1,37kg and girls 3,96±1,61kg; Th e diff erences are statistically signifi cant in

all respondents on the level p=0.00. Th e average value of Body Mass Index (BMI) before the beginning of

the program was 31,2±4,56 kg/m², and at the end 29,7±4,39 kg/m². BMI was reduced in all respondents by

1,56±0,49kg/m²; 1,69±0,41kg/m² in boys and 1,46±0,53kg/m² in girls. Th e diff erences are statistically sig-

nifi cant in all respondents on the level p=0.00.Th e average value of fat percentage before the program was

41,92±6,55kg, and 40,23±7,69kg at the end of it. Fat percentage in all respondents is reduced by 1,69±3,76

%, whereas greater progress was manifested in boys 2,87±4,19 % compared to the girls 0,84±3,19% which

is statistically signifi cant on the level p=0.00. All the circumferences measured - waist, hip, chest, arms and

upper leg were statistically signifi cantly reduced on the level p=0.00.

Conclusion

Based on the research results, we can conclude that the program had a positive eff ect on body mass of the

respondents because both boys and girls showed a reduced amount of body fat by 1,69±3,76 % whereas

boys showed better progress 2,87±4,19 %, as opposed to girls 0,84±3,19%, which is statistically signifi cant

on level p=0.00. Th e results of this research as well as many research of this kind all over the world and in

Serbia have shown that a well-planned physical activity together with a healthy diet has a positive eff ect on

body mass and obesity.

Key words: Obesity in children, combined programme, dosed physical activity, body composition

References1. Beavers K., Beavers D., Nesbit B., Ambrosius W., Marsh A., Nicklas B., Rejeski J., Eff ect of an 18 month physi-

cal activity and weight loss intervention on body composition in overweight an d obese older adults, Obesity (Silver

Spring), 2014, Feb; 22(2); 325-31.

2. Lešović S., Program Čigotica - pedijatrijska iskustva, Medicinski glasnik Specijalna bolnica za bolesti štitaste

žlezde i bolesti metabolizma Zlatibor, 2011, vol. 16, br. 39, str. 65

196

KOMPARATIVNA ANALIZA ANTROPOMETRIJSKIH MERENJA

KOD ŽENA I MUŠKARACA TRKAČA NA SREDNJE DISTANCE

Ivaylo Lazarov

Nacionalna sportska akademija, Sofi ja, Bugarska

Uvod

Moderna naučna istraživanja u sferi atletike evidentno pokazuju da su antropometrijska merenja veoma

važna, bez obzira na sportski nivo, uzrast i pol. Veliki broj novijih publikacija, prateć i identifi kacioni uticaj

morfoloških znakova sportske radne sposobnosti, pokazuje telesnu strukturu sportista ili predstavlja re-

zultate merenja veličine tela.

Metoda

Ispitanici su bili 30 muškaraca i 26 žena, takmičara u trčanju na 800 i 1500 m, koji su ispitivani u sledećim

kategorijama: visina, težina, telesne masti, mišić na masa, aktivna telesna masa, BMI. Istraživana antrop-

ometrijska merenja su deo funkcionalnog ispitivanja takmičara. Posle rezultata funkcionalnog ispitivanja

korišć ena je individualna maksimalna brzina, postignuta tokom istraživanja. Statističke metode koje smo

koristili su: korelaciona analiza, analiza varijacija i sigma metoda za pripremljene nivoe po kategorijama.


Visoke polivalentne korelacije mišić ne mase (kg) mogu se videti u ispitivanju muškaraca sa drugim ispiti-

vanim kategorijama: veoma veliki sa težinom (0,92) i aktivnom telesnom masom (0.98); veliki sa visinom

(0,76) i BMI 0,87); što znači sa maksimalnom brzinom (0,52). Visina kod žena ima srednju korelaciju sa

telesnom težinom (0,58). Ovo je logično i dobro za sportiste, jer viši takmičari imaju duže šipke sa kojima

rade. Nedostatak visoke korelacije između maksimalne brzine trčanja i mišić ne mase (-0,08) i aktivne tele-

sne mase (0,37) može se objasniti činjenicom da dobro obučeni sportisti postižu i održavaju veliku brzinu

trčanja što nije mnogo drugačije kod teških i lakih sportista, tako da se najbolji međusobni odnos ost-

varivanja potencijala brzine postiže kod trkača sa nižom telesnom masom.

Zaključak

1. Postoji visoka korelacija između standardnih antropometrijskih obeležja i sportskih ostvarenja u trčanju

na srednje distance.

2. Mišić na masa je primarno antropometrijsko obeležje koje ima uticaj na maksimalne brzine u trčanju kod

muškaraca. Njeni nivoi treba da variraju između 45,8-50,2%.

3. Efektivnost procesa obuke kod žena mogla bi se ostvariti držanjem uglavnom stabilnog nivoa u nekim od

antropometrijskih kategorija: mišić na masa, koja treba da bude između 40,9-44,8% i masno tkivo, između

8,1-12,2%.

4. Istraživani antropometrijskih modeli mogli bi biti od velike pomoć i teoriji sporta i praksi u sledećem:

praćenje efektivnost procesa obuke i menjanje ishrane.

Ključne reči: atletika, srednje distance, antropometrija, masno tkivo, mišićna masa

Literatura1. Behnke, A. R., J. H. Wilmore. (1974). Evaluacija i regulisanje telesne građe i kompozicije (Evaluationandregulation

of bodyduildandcomposition). NewJersey, EnglewoodCliff s

2. Fleck, S. J. (1983). Telesna kompozicija elitnih američkih sportista (Bodycomposition of elite Americanathletes).

Američki žurnal sportske medicine (AmericanJournal of Sports Medicine), 11, 398-403

197

COMPARATIVE ANALYSE OF ANTHROPOMETRIC MEASUREMENTS WITH

MEN AND WOMEN RUNNERS OF MIDDLE DISTANCES

Ivaylo Lazarov

National Sports Academy, Sofi a, Bulgaria

Introduction

Th e modern science researches in sphere of track and fi eld evidently proved that anthropometric measure-

ments are very important, despite of sports level, age and sex. A lot of publications recently, tracking the

identifi cation infl uence of morphological signs of sport working capacity, shows body structure of athletes

or represent results of measurement of body sizes.

Method

30 men and 26 women were subjects of the research, all competitors in 800 and 1500-m running, who were

examined as follows: height, weight, body fat, muscle mass, active body mass, BMI. Th e researched an-

thropometric measurements were part of functional exam in competitors. Later, the results of functional

research have been used including the individual maximal speed, achieved during the research. Th e statis-

tical methods that we used were: correlation analyze, variation analyze and sigma method for the prepared

levels of marks.


High polyvalent correlations of muscle mass (kg) can be seen in the research of men with the other exam-

ined marks: very big with weight (0.92) and active body mass (0.98); big with height (0.76) and BMI 0.87);

meaning with maximal speed (0.52). Th e height in women has mean correlation with body weight (0.58).

Th is is logic and good for the athletes, because the taller competitors have longer bars at which they work.

Missing of high correlation depending of maximal speed of running and muscle mass (-0.08) and active

body mass (0.37) could be explained by the fact that well trained athletes reach and keep high speed of

running which is not so diff erent with heavy and light athletes, so the best interrelation of realizing speed

potential is achieving at runners with lower body mass.

Conclusion1. Between the standard anthropometric marks and the sport achievement in running of middle distances exists

high infl uence.

2. Muscle mass is appearing to be primary anthropometric mark that have infl uence on maximal speed in running

of men. It levels has to vary between 45.8-50.2%.

3. Th e eff ectiveness of training process with woman could be explained by keeping mostly stabile level in some of the

anthropometric marks with: muscle mass, which should be between 40.9-44.8% and fat mass, between 8.1-12.2%.

4. Th e researched anthropometric models could be of big help for sport theory and practice: following the eff ective-

ness of training process and changing the nutrition.

Key words: athletics, middle distances, anthropometric, fat mass, muscle mass

References1. Behnke, A. R., J. H. Wilmore. (1974). Evaluation and regulation of body build and composition. New Jersey, Engle-

wood Cliff s

2. Fleck, S. J. (1983).Body composition of elite American athletes. American Journal of Sports Medicine, 11, 398-403

198

ANTROPOMETRIJA KAO PREDUSLOV

ZA ODABIR NADARENE DECE ZA ATLETIKU

DVANAESTOGODIŠNJACI

Stefan Stoykov, Rumiana Karapetrova, Georgi Stoykov, Ivaylo Lazarov, Julia Solomu

Nacionalna sportska akademija “Vasil Levski”, Odsek “Atletika”, Sofi ja, Bugarska

Uvod

Napori trenera i sportskih stručnjaka su orijentisani na traženje i otkrivanje talentovanih sportista i nji-

hov dalji razvoj i ostvarivanje. Poznavanje celokupnog trenažnog procesa ć e biti znatno umanjeno ako

nedostaje najvažniji detalj pre početka trenažnog procesa - sportski odabir.

Metod

Cilj sledeće studije je da pomogne odabir dece starosti 12 godina za treniranje atletike na osnovu skupa

antropometrijskih indeksa. Svi indeksi predstavljaju stanje fi zičkog i antropometrijskog razvoja ispitanika

(27 dečaka iz Republike Kipar starosti 12 godina).


Celokupni uzorak podataka je veoma homogen. Stepen homogenosti je određen koefi cijentom varijanse

(V %) i njegove vrednosti za indekse koji su korišćeni u narednom istraživanju su između 2,70 % i 9,20 %.

Korelacija između ispitivanih indeksa (r) kreć e se između 0,43 i 0,93. U našem slučaju, X1 je ključni indeks.

Svi ostali indeksi su njegovi proizvodi. Ova činjenica objašnjava visok stepen korelacije između njega i svih

ostalih ispitivanih indeksa (od 0,63 do 0,93). Na osnovu naših rezultata stvorili smo skalu od pet nivoa (

koja je izrađena uz pomoć sigma metode). Pomoću nje možemo proceniti nivo razvoja talenta.

Zaključak

1. Možemo odrediti stepen fi zičkog razvoja dvanaestogodišnjih dečaka koristeć i antropometriju dečaka

koji treniraju atletiku;

2. Možemo odrediti nivo razvoja (talenta) u pogledu relevantnog indeksa i načiniti odgovarajuć i odabir

aktivnosti sa posebnom atletskom disciplinom.

Moramo konstatovati da su deca starosti 12 godina u početnom periodu sportskog odabira i to čini sledeć e

zaključke operativnim - ne defi nitivnim. Prać enje antropometrijskog razvoja treba da se nastavi u naredne

3-4 godine.

Ključne reči: antropometrija, odabir, nadarena deca

Literatura1. Йорданов, В. (2012) – Дисертация. НСА. С.

2. Панаьотов, В. (2009) – Дисертация. НСА.

199

ANTHROPOMETRY AS A PRECONDITION

FOR SELECTION OF TALENTED CHILDREN FOR ATHLETICS

12 YEARS OLD


National Sports Academy “Vassil Levski”, Department “Track & Field”, Sofi a, Bulgaria

Introduction

Eff orts of coaches and sport specialists are orientated to searching and discovering talented athletes and

their further development and realization. Knowledge of the overall training process will be downgraded

signifi cantly if the most important detail before starting training process is missing – sport selection.

Method

Th e aim of the following study is to help selection of 12-year-old children for practicing athletics based on

the set of anthropometrical indexes. All indexes present the state of physical and anthropometrical devel-

opment of respondents (27 boys from the Republic of Cyprus aged).


Overall data sample is highly homogeneous. Th e degree of homogeneity is determined by variance coeffi -

cient (V%) and its values for indexes used in the following study are between 2,70% and 9,20%. Correlation

between studied indexes (r) ranges between 0,43 and 0,93. In our case, X1 is a key index. All other indexes

are its derivatives. Th is fact explains the high degree of correlation between it and all other studied indexes

(from 0,63 to 0,93). Based on our results, we created a fi ve level rating scale (developed with the help of

sigma method). With its help we can evaluate the level of talent development.

Conclusion

1. We can determine the level of physical development of 12-year-old boys using anthropometry of the

boys training athletics;

2. We can determine the level of development (talent) regarding relevant index and make appropriate se-

lection for activities with specifi c athletic discipline.

We must state that 12- year-old children are in the initial period of sport selection and this makes the fol-

lowing conclusions operational – not defi nitive. Tracking of anthropometrical development should con-

tinue in the next 3-4 years.

Key words: anthropometry, selection, talented children

References1. Йорданов, В. (2012) – Дисертация. НСА. С.

2. Панаьотов, В. (2009) – Дисертация. НСА.

200

PULS TOKOM TRENAŽNOG OPTEREĆENJA I MIROVANJA KAO

KRITERIJUM STRESA I ADAPTACIJE U TRČANJU NA SREDNJE STAZE

Rumiana Karapetrova, Joseph Broglie, Georgi Stoykov, Ivaylo Lazarov, Fehim Djoshan

Nacionalna sportska akademija “Vasil Levski” Odsek “Atletika”, Sofi ja, Bugarska

Uvod

Metodička osnova sledećeg istraživanja je teorija stresa i adaptacije kao osnova za planiranje i kontrolu

trenažnog procesa kod trkača na srednje staze.

Metod

Cilj studije je da se poveć a efi kasnost trenažnog procesa u trčanju na srednje staze ispitivanjem dinamike

pulsa tokom rada i mirovanja tokom standardnog optereć enja trčanja sa progresivnim poveć anjem in-

tenziteta. Ispitanici su bili 20 muškaraca i 20 žena - elitnih trkača na srednje staze iz Turske. Ispitali smo

promene u kardiorespiratornom sistemu zbog primene sistematskog trenažnog opterećenja u periodu od

šest nedelja.


Prikazani rezultati su pokazali potencijal za utvrđivanje prirode i veličine karaktera opterećenja trčanja,

kao i obima prema unapred određenim nivoima adaptacije koji su se pokazali ponašanjem pulsa tokom

različitog intenziteta trčanja (brzina trčanja, trajanje, i karakteristike odmora između trčanja). Upoređujuć i

stvarne rezultate sa teorijskim predviđanjima jasno vidimo skoro funkcionalnu povezanost između pulsa

i brzine trčanja u fazama optereć enja i mirovanja. Kako bi se obezbedila dodatna pojašnjenja o funkcio-

nalnim efektima i nivou treninga potrebno je klasifi kovati markere optimalne adaptacije prema reakciji

pulsa tokom mirovanja. Predstavljamo sledeć e markere adaptacije tokom odmora na osnovu naših re-

zultata: ispod 110 otkucaja/min nakon trčanja brzinom od 3,70 m/s (4:30 min/ km); 110 - 120 otkucaja/

min nakon trčanja brzinom od 3,71 - 5 m/sec (od 4:29 do 3:20 min/ km); 121 - 130 otkucaja/min nakon

trčanja brzinom već om od 5 m/sec (ispod 3:30 min/km). Poveć anje efi kasnosti individualnog treninga ima

za cilj poboljšanje specifi čnog sportskog učinka koji zahteva svakodnevnu operativnu kontrolu aktivnosti

kardiorespiratornog sistema prać enjem pulsa. Izrada pojedinačnih kriterijuma za vrednovanje efi kasnosti

zahteva planiranje trenažnog sistema za funkcionalnu kontrolu od nekoliko nedelja. Tu bi trebalo postaviti

specifi čne rokove za sprovođenje laboratorijskih testova i testiranja na terenu .

Zaključak

Ponašanje pulsa tokom faza rada i mirovanja je objektivni pokazatelj za individualnu procenu efi kas-

nosti opterećenja trčanja. Vreme oporavka pulsa tokom kratkog odmora je valjan marker adaptacije za

utvrđivanje individualne tolerancije na trenažno opterećenje i trenutnog nivoa sportista. Pronašli smo

funkcionalnu povezanost intenziteta (brzine trčanja) i pulsa tokom rada i odmora.

Ključne reči: puls, stres i adaptacija, trčanje na srednje staze

Literatura1. Dick, F. W. (2002). Sports Training Principles A&C Black, London.

2. Аракчийски, Здр. (1999) - Дисетация. НСА, С.

201

HEART RATE DURING TRAINING LOADS AND REST AS CRITERIA FOR

STRESS AND ADAPTATION IN MIDDLEDISTANCE RUNNING


National Sports Academy “Vassil Levski” Department “Track & Field”, Sofi a, Bulgaria

Introduction

Methodical basis of the following study is the theory of stress and adaptation as basis for planning and

control of training process in middle-distance runners.

Method

Th e aim of the study is to increase the effi ciency of training process in middle-distance running by examin-

ing heart rate dynamics during work and rest during standard running load with progressive increase in

its intensity. Respondents were 20 men and 20 women – elite middle distance runners from Turkey. We

examined changes in cardio respiratory system because of systematic training loads application for a pe-

riod of six weeks.


Presented results showed potential for determining the nature and magnitude of running loads character

and volume according to predetermined levels of adaptation shown by heart rate behavior during diff er-

ent running intensity (running speed, duration, and rest characteristics between running). Comparing

actual results with theoretical predictions we clearly see almost functional correlation between heart rate

frequency and running speed in load and rest phases. To provide further clarifi cation on the functional

eff ects and training level it is necessary to classify the optimal adaptation markers according to heart rate

reaction during rest. We present the following adaptation markers during rest based on our results: below

110 beats/min after running at speed of 3,70 m/s (4:30 min/km); 110 – 120 bests/min after running at

speed of 3,71 – 5 m/sec (from 4:29 to 3:20 min/km); 121 – 130 beats/min after running at speed higher

than 5 m/sec. (under 3:30 min/km). Increase of individual training eff ectiveness aims at improving specifi c

sport performance that requires daily operational control of cardio respiratory system activity by heart rate

monitoring. Th e creation of individual criteria for eff ectiveness evaluation requires planning of several

weeks training system for functional control. Th ere should be set specifi c deadlines for conducting labora-

tory and fi eld-testing.

Conclusion

Th e behavior of heart rate frequency during work and rest phases is an objective indicator for individual

assessment of running loads eff ectiveness. Heart rate recovery time during short rest is a correct adapta-

tion marker for determining individual tolerance of training loads and current level of athletes. We found

functional correlation between intensity (running speed) and heart rate frequency during work and rest.

Key words: heart rate, stress and adaptation, middle-distance running

References 1. Dick, F. W. (2002). Sports Training Principles A&C Black, London.

2. Аракчийски, Здр. (1999) - Дисетация. НСА, С.

202

DINAMIKA REZULTATA ELITNIH TRKAČA NA 110 M SA PREPONAMA

SA ASPEKTA STAROSNE DOBI

Grigor Gutev, Plamen Nyagin, Iva Dimova, Ivaylo Lazarov

Nacionalna Sportska Akademija “Vasil Levski” Odsek “Atletika”, Sofi ja, Bugarska

Uvod

Nesumnjivo da je disciplina trčanje na 110 m sa preponama jedna od najatraktivnijih i tehnički najtežih

disciplina u atletskom programu. U poslednjih nekoliko godina, svedoci smo dinamičnog razvoja ove disci-

pline. Stoga smo smatrali da je neophodno analizirati učinak najelitnijih trkača u ovoj disciplini.

Metod

Cilj sledeć e studije je bio da pokaže dinamiku rezultata elitnih trkača na 110 m sa preponama (34 sportiste

- 13 sportista sa rezultatima bržim od 13 sekundi i 21 sportista sa rezultatima bržim od 13,34 sekunde) sa

aspekta starosne dobi. Mi pratimo njihove rezultate i dinamiku tokom njihovih sportskih karijera.


Trkači su analizom podeljeni u tri grupe - sportisti sa rezultatima ispod 13 sekundi, oni koji više od šest

sezona imaju rezultate ispod 13,34 sekunde i oni koji manje od šest sezona imaju rezultate brže od 13,34

sekunde. Mi predstavljamo dinamiku učinka svakog trkača sa aspekta starosne dobi. Koristili smo rezultat

od 13,34 sekunde kao tačku koja odvaja elitne trkače od ostalih. Korišć enje ovih podataka može pomoć i

trenerima u planiranju trenažnog procesa i kontrolisanju razvoja sportista.

Zaključak

Sportisti iz prve grupe pokazuju različite profi le (neki postižu najbolje rezultate na početku svojih karijera,

drugi na kraju). Trkači iz druge grupe pokazuju svoj najbolji učinak na početku karijere. Takmičari iz treć e

grupe pokazuju različite trendove - na početku ili u sredini svoje elitne karijere.

Ključne reči: dinamika rezultata, elitni trkači u trci sa preponama, starosni aspekt

Literatura1. http://www.iaaf.orf/ - IAAF Offi cial web page

2. Нягин, Пл. (2011) – Дисертация. НСА.

203

ELITE 110 M HURDLERS RESULTS DYNAMICS IN AGE ASPECT


National Sports Academy “Vassil Levski” Department “Track & Field”, Sofi a, Bulgaria,

Introduction

Undoubtedly the discipline 110 m hurdle running is one of the most attractive and technically diffi cult

discipline in the athletic program. In recent years, we have been witnessing dynamic development of the

discipline. Th erefore, we considered it necessary to analyze the performance of the most elite hurdlers in

the discipline.

Method

Th e aim of the following study was to reveal the results dynamics of elite 110 m hurdlers (34 athletes – 13

athletes with results faster than 13 sec. and 21 with results faster than 13,34 sec.) in age aspect. We trace

their results and dynamics during the athletes’ sport careers.


Th e analysis divided hurdlers in three groups – athletes with results under 13 sec., others with more than

six seasons with results below 13,34 sec. and those with less than six seasons with results faster than 13,34

sec. We present each hurdler’s dynamics of performance in age aspect. We used the results 13,34 sec. as a

point to divide elite hurdlers from the rest. Th e use of this data can help coaches plan the training process

and control the development of athletes.

Conclusion

Athletes from the fi rst group show diff erent profi les (some achieve best results at the start of their careers,

other in the end). Hurdlers from the second group show their best performance at the beginning of their

careers. Competitors from the third group show various trends – in the beginning or in the middle of their

elite careers.

Key words: results dynamics, elite hurdlers, age aspect

References 1. http://www.iaaf.orf/ - IAAF Offi cial web page

2. Нягин, Пл. (2011) – Дисертация. НСА.

204

FIZIČKO VASPITANJE DECE SA ZDRAVSTVENIM PROBLEMIMA

Ivana Đorđević1, Ružena Popović2, Evdokia Samouilidou3, Elena Lomen 4

1Fakultet fi zičke kulture, Univerzitet Palackog, Olomouc, Češka Republika (DAS)2Univerzitet u Nišu, Fakultet Sporta i fi zičkog vaspitanja, Niš, Srbija

3Ministarstvo Prosvete i Kulture, Atina, Grčka4Osnovna škola, Hoppers Crossing, Melbourne, VIC, Australia

Uvod

Razumevanjem koncepta ove studije se stvaraju preduslovi za realizaciju telovežbenog procesa i moguću

integraciju u proces fi zičkog vaspitanja, prema strukturi zdravstvenih nedostataka. Predmet ove studije je

uporedno sagledavanje mogućnosti primene fi zičkog vaspitanja kod dece sa zdravstvenim tegobama i pri-

kaz trenutnog stanja kod dečaka i devojčica.

Metode

Upitnik je konstruisan za procenu fi zičkog i psiho-socijalnog zdravlje dece, oba pola, uzrasta 10 godina i

više. U ovoj uporednoj analizi biće prikazana pozitivna iskustva nekih zemalja u pogledu: Institucionalnog

obezbeđenja telesnog vaspitanja za zdravstveno oslabljene u porodici, u okviru socijalnih ustavova, u spe-

cijalnim školama, odeljenjima zdravstvenog telesnog vaspitanja; Integracije zdravstveno oslabljenih u fi zi-

čkom vaspitanju; Principi integracije u fi zičkom vaspitanju. Osim uporednog prikaza pozitivnih iskustava,

biće analizirani rezultati primene upitnika, koji ispituje stavove učenika u pogledu integracije u proces fi -

zičkog vaspitanja u našoj zemlji i inostranstu.


Skala fi zičkog funkcionisanja meri prisustvo i obim fi zičkih ograničenja, uslovljenih zdravstvenim proble-

mima; Skala ostvarivanja socijalne uloge procenjuje u kojoj meri fi zičko zdravlje remeti svakodnevne škol-

ske aktivnosti sa drugovima; Skala globalnog zdravlja procenjuje prošlo, sadašnje i buduće zdravlje, kao i

podložnost bolestima; Skala telesnog bola meri intenzitet i učestalost bola, kao jednog od indikatora fi -

zičkog zdravlja; Skala emocionalnog uticaja na roditelje utvrđuje korelaciju između procenjenog zdravl-

ja deteta i stepena do kog se roditelj oseća fi zički i emocionalno pogođen; Skala ostvarivanja socijalne ulo-

ge - zavisno od emocionalnog stanja i ponašanja; Skala samoprocene uključuje: socijalnu sigurnost, školske

uspeh i samopoštovanje; Skala mentalnog zdravlja obuhvata: agresiju, delikvenciju, hiperaktivnost/impul-

sivnost i socijalnu odbačenost; Skala porodičnih aktivnosti i povezanosti procenjuje nivo ograničenja koji

porodica doživljava zbog dečijeg zdravlja; Skala promena u zdravlju registruju promene u zdravlju u od-

nosu na prethodnu godinu.

Zaključak

Analizom podataka ustanovjene su velike razlike u mogućnosti primene fi zičkog aktivnosti kod dece sa

zdravstvenim tegobama, sa posebnim prikazom stanja kod dečaka i devojčica iz različitih kulturnih i soci-

jalnih sredina.

Ključne reči: fi zičko & zdravstveno vaspitanje; učenici osnovne škole; zdravstveni problemi; upitnik; samovred-

novanje

205

PHYSICAL EDUCATION OF CHILDREN WITH MEDICAL CONDITIONS

Ivana Djordjević1, Ružena Popović2, Evdokia Samouilidou3, Elena Lomenová4

1 Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic (PhD student)2University of Nis, Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, Nis, Serbia

3Ministry of Education and Culture, Athens, Greece4Elementary School, Hoppers Crossing, Melbourne, VIC, Australia

Introduction

Understanding the concept of impaired health is a precondition for the realization of the training process

and possible integration in the process of physical education, according to the structure of health disadvan-

tages. Th e objective of this study is comparative analysis of possibilities of physical education for children

with health problems and the current status in boys and girls.

Method

Th e questionnaire was designed to assess the physical and psychosocial health of children of both sexes,

aged 10 years and over. In this comparative analysis will show the positive experiences of some countries

in terms of: Institutional providing physical education for health weakened in the family, within the Social

Constitution in special schools, health departments of physical education; the integration of health weak-

ened in physical education; the principles of integration in physical education. Besides the concordance of

positive experience, results of the questionnaire will be analyzed, which examine the attitudes of students

in the integration process of physical education in our country and abroad.


Th e scale of physical functioning measure the presence and extent of physical limitations caused by health

problems; Th e scale implementation of social roles assesses the extent to which physical health interfere

with everyday school activities with friends; Th e scale of global health evaluate past, present and future

health and susceptibility to disease; Th e scale of bodily pain measure the intensity and frequency of pain as

one of the indicators of physical health; Th e scale of emotional impact on the parents evaluate correlation

between the estimated health of the child and the degree to which a parent feels physically and emotionally

aff ected; Th e scale implementation of social roles evaluate the emotional state and behaviour; Self-rating

scale includes the components of social security, academic skills and self-esteem; Th e scale of mental health

measure the frequency of positive and negative states; Scale of behavior includes: aggression, delinquency,

hyperactivity/impulsivity, and social rejection; Th e scale of family activities and family cohesion assess the

level of constraints for families experiencing child health; Th e scale of change in health register changes in

health over the previous year.

Conclusion

Analysis of data point out on major diff erences in possibility of physical activity application in children

with medical conditions, with special overview of the status in boys and girls from diverse cultural and

social backgrounds.

Key words: Physical/Health education; School children; Health impairment; Questionnaire; Self-evaluation

206

ODNOS IZMEĐU UČINKA MLADIH KOŠARKAŠA NA RAZLIČITIM

TESTOVIMA AGILNOSTI I SPOSOBNOSTI U SPRINTU

Ali Kaya, Yusuf Köklü, Utku Alemdaroğlu

Pamukkale Univerzitet, Fakultet sportskih nauka, Denizli, Turska

Uvod

Košarka je anaerobni sport zasnovan na aerobiku (Delekstrat i Koen, 2009). Stoga, košarkaši moraju da

razvijaju svoje fi zičke sposobnosti kao što su snaga, izdržljivost, brzina i agilnost (Castagna i sar , 2009).

Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je da se ispitaju odnosi između učinka mladih košarkaša na različitim testovima

agilnosti i u sprintu.

Metod

Trinaest košarkaša (prosečne starosti 13.6 ± 0.8 godina; prosečne visine 177.2 ± 0.8 cm; prosečne teles-

ne mase 68.3 ± 15.2 kg) je učestvovalo dobrovoljno u ovoj studiji. Sposobnost sprinta svakog igrača je

određena pomoć u vremena jednog sprinta na 10m i 20m; vremena na testu cik-cak u reketu, T- testu agil-

nosti i Ilinois testu korišćena su da bi se odredila njihova agilnost sa loptom i bez lopte.


Rezultati analize Pirsonove korelacije proizvoda momenata pokazuju da ne postoji korelacija između sprint

testova i testova agilnosti, sa izuzetkom vremena sprinta na 20 metara i Ilinois testa sa loptom ( r = 0.686;

p = 0.01) i bez lopte (r = 0.739; p = 0.01). Takođe postoje i neke umerene do jake korelacije između Ilinois

testa i T- testova, Ilinois test bez lopte je bio u umerenoj korelaciji sa T-testom bez lopte ( r = 0.553; p =

0.05) i jakoj korelaciji sa T-testom sa loptom (r = 0.727; p = 0.01), pored toga, umerena korelacija je takođe

pronađena između Ilinois testa sa loptom i T-testa bez lopte (r = 0.599 ; p = 0.03); i snažna korelacija sa

T- testom sa loptom (r = 0.813; p = 0,01).

Zaključak

Kao zaključak, rezultati ovog istraživanja pokazuju da postoji značajna korelacija jedino između učinka

sposobnosti sprinta na 20 m i učinka na Ilinois testu. Pored toga, značajne korelacije su pronađene između

učinka mladih košarkaša na Ilinois testovima i T-testovima (sa i bez lopte).

Ključne reči: Košarka, agilnost, brzina

Literatura1. Castagna C, Chaouachi A, Rampinini E, Chamari K, Impellizzeri F. Aerobic and explosive power performance of

elite Italian regional-level basketball players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research 2009; 23(7): 1982–

1987

2. Delextrat A, Cohen D. Strength, power, speed, and agility of women basketball players according to playing posi-

tion. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research 2009; 23(7): 1974–1981

207

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DIFFERENT AGILITY TESTS AND SPRINT

ABILITY PERFORMANCE IN YOUNG BASKETBALL PLAYERS


Pamukkale University, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Denizli, Turkey

Introduction

Basketball is an aerobic-based anaerobic sport (Delextrat and Cohen, 2009). Th erefore, basketball players

are required to develop their physical abilities such as strength, endurance, speed and agility (Castagna et

al., 2009). Th e purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between diff erent agility tests and

sprint performance in young basketball players.

Method

Th irteen basketball players (average age 13.6±0.8 years; average height 177.2 ±0.8 cm; average body mass

68.3±15.2 kg) participated in this study voluntarily. Th e sprinting ability of each player was determined us-

ing 10m and 20m single-sprint times; zigzag agility, T-drill and Illinois test times were used to determine

their agility with ball and without ball.


Th e results of Pearson Product Moment Correlation analysis indicated no correlation between sprint tests

and agility tests, in exception of 20-meter sprint times and Illinois test with ball (r=0.686; p=0.01) and

without ball (r=0.739; p=0.01). Th ere are also some moderate to strong correlations between Illinois test

and T- tests, Illinois test without ball were moderate correlated with T-test without ball (r=0.553; p=0.05)

and strong correlated with T- test with ball (r=0.727; p=0.01), in addition, a moderate correlation was also

found between Illinois test with ball and T-test without ball (r=0.599; p=0.03); and strong correlation with

T-test with ball (r=0.813; p=0.01).

Conclusion

In conclusion, the fi ndings of the present study indicated that there is a signifi cant correlation only be-

tween 20 m sprint ability and Illinois test performance. In addition, signifi cant correlations were found

between Illinois tests and T-tests (with and without ball) performance in basketball players.

Keywords: Basketball, agility, speed

References1. Castagna C, Chaouachi A, Rampinini E, Chamari K, Impellizzeri F. Aerobic and explosive power performance of

elite Italian regional-level basketball players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research 2009; 23(7): 1982–

1987

2. Delextrat A, Cohen D. Strength, power, speed, and agility of women basketball players according to playing posi-

tion. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research 2009; 23(7): 1974–1981

208

AKUTNI EFEKAT RAZLIČITIH STRATEGIJA ZAGREVANJA

NA UČINAK U SPRINTU

Serkan Oksay, Utku Alemdaroğlu1, Yusuf Köklü1, Harun Türkdoğan2

1Fakultet sportskih nauka2Prof Dr Hasan Kazdağlı Sportski centar

Uvod

Učinak u sprintu je jedan od najvažnijih učinaka koji utiču na fudbalske performanse. Cilj ovog istraživanja

bio je da se uporede akutni efekti različitih strategija zagrevanja na učinak u sprintu (10m - 30m).

Metod

Petnaest fudbalera (starosti 17.2 ± 0.67 godina; telesne mase = 68.86 ± 6.52 kg; visine = 176.33 ± 4.36 cm)

je obavilo 4 različite situacije po nasumičnom rasporedu, različitim danima, isprekidanih sa najmanje 24

sati odmora. Četiri različite strategije zagrevanja su bile (a) bez zagrevanja (NWU), (b) zagrevanje 10 mi-

nuta (WU) (c) zagrevanje + 5 skokova (WUJ), ili (d) zagrevanje + 5 skok sa opterećenjem(WULJ) (prsluk

sa opterećenjem 10% telesne težine). Subjekti su izveli 2 probna sprint testa na 10m i 30m nakon strategi-

ja zagrevanja. Interakcije između intervencija zagrevanja su analizirane korišć enjem analize varijanse sa

ponovljenim merama. Post hoc analiza je sprovedena korišć enjem Bonferoni metode. Statistička analiza

je sprovedena pomoću SPSS, verzija 16 za Windows operativni sistem (SPSS, Inc., Čikago, IL). Značaj je

postavljen na alfa nivo od p < 0.05.


Iako nema značajnih razlika u učinku na 30 m između pomenutih situacija, najbolje vreme na sprint testo-

vima je postignuto nakon WU strategija i na testu na 10m (NWU = 1.713 ± 0,10; WU = 1.651 ± 0,13; WUJ

= 1.751 ± 0,12; WULJ = 1.771 ± 0,25; p < 0,01 *) i na 30 m (NWU = 4.234 ± 0,31; WU = 4.166 ± 0,37 WUJ

= 4.239 ± 0,32; WULJ = 4.235 ± 0,65; P > 0,05). Kao zaključak, najbolji učinak u sprintu je izveden nakon

WU strategija zagrevanja (bez skoka).

Zaključak

Shodno tome, dok zagrevanje poveć ava učinak u sprintu, dodatne vežbe sa skokovima (ni sa telesne težine

ni sa dodatnom težinom) posle zagrevanja ne treba raditi neposredno pre sprint performanse.

Ključne reči: Zagrevanje, sprint, skok, prsluk sa opterećenjem

209

THE ACUTE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT WARM UP STRATEGIES

ON SPRINT PERFORMANCE

Serkan Oksay, Utku Alemdaroğlu1, Yusuf Köklü1; Harun Türkdoğan2

1Faculty of Sport Science

2Prof Dr Hasan Kazdağlı Sports Centre

Introduction

Sprint performance is the one of the most important performances, which aff ects soccer performance.

Th e purpose of this study was to compare the acute eff ects of diff erent warm up strategies on sprint per-

formance (10m-30m).

Method

Fifteen male soccer players (age, 17.2 ± 0.67 years; body mass = 68.86 ± 6.52 kg; height = 176.33 ± 4.36 cm)

completed 4 diff erent conditions in a randomized order, on diff erent days, interspersed by a minimum of

24 hours of rest. Four diff erent warm up strategies were (a) no warm up (NWU), (b) warm up 10 minutes

(WU) (c) warm up + 5 jump (WUJ) , or (d) warm up + loaded 5 jump (WULJ) (weight vest % 10 body

weight). Th e subjects performed 2 trials 10m and 30m sprint test post warm up strategies. Interactions

between warm up interventions were analyzed using a repeated-measures analysis of variance. Post-hoc

analysis was carried out using Bonferroni. Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS, version 16 for

Windows (SPSS, Inc., Chicago, IL). Signifi cance was set at an alpha level of p <0.05.


Although there were no signifi cant diff erences in 30 m performance between conditions, the best sprint

tests time was performed after WU strategies in both 10 m (NWU=1,713 ± 0,10; WU =1,651 ± 0,13; WUJ

= 1,751 ± 0,12; WULJ = 1,771 ± 0,25; P< 0,01*) and 30 m (NWU=4,234 ± 0,31; WU = 4,166 ± 0,37 WUJ

= 4,239 ± 0,32; WULJ = 4,235± 0,65; P> 0,05) tests. In conclusion, the best sprint performance was per-

formed after WU strategies (without jump).

Conclusion

Consequently, while warm up increases sprint performance, additional jump exercises (neither body weight

nor extra weight) after warm up should not be performed immediately prior to a sprint performance.

Keywords: Warm-up, sprinting, jump, weight vest

210

INDEKS AUTORA / INDEX OF AUHORS

Abazović Ensar 52, 53

Abdollahipour Reza 64, 65

Aleksandrović Marko 92, 93, 94, 95

Alemdaroğlu Utku 206, 207, 208, 209

Altunsoy Mustafa 170, 171, 176, 177

Arslan Duran 92, 93, 94, 95

Arslan Yunus 152, 153

Badau Dana 22, 23

Banićević Dragan 76, 77

Bastajić Aleksandar 160, 161

Bijelić Snežana 38, 39

Blagojević Dušan 114, 115

Bosnić Aleksa 106, 107

Bošnjak Goran 110, 111

Broglie Joseph 200, 201

Burger Ante 142, 143

Can Kalayci Metin 54, 55

Çetin Ebru 170, 171

Crespi Marino 108, 109, 142, 143

Cvјetković Dana 80, 81

Čubrilo Dejan 82, 83, 114, 115

Ćirković Ivan 102, 103

Ćirković Vedran 194, 195

Ćuk Ivan 72, 73

Dabović Milinko 174, 175

Damjanovska Magdalena 144, 145

Demirhan Bilal 100, 101

Demirhan Giyasettin 36, 37

Dimitrijević Raša 42, 43

Dimoski Sanja 122, 123

Dimova Iva 202, 203

Djoshan Fehim 200, 201

Doncheva Liliya 34, 35

Dopsaj Milivoj 42, 43, 104, 105, 126, 127

Dragosavljević Predrag 146, 147, 174, 175

Đorđević - Nikić Marina 104, 105

Đorđević Ivana 204, 205

Đurašković Ratomir 182, 183

Đurić Saša 72, 73

Eminović Fadilj 122, 123, 124, 125

Eroğlu Hüseyin 54, 55, 66, 67

Gantcheva Giurka 144, 145

Gašparović Marko 82, 83

Gencheva Nezabravka 86, 87, 88, 89

Gökçe Hüseyin 152, 153

Gontarev Seryozha 144, 145, 180, 181

Grahovac Goran 146, 147

Grbić Vladimir 56, 57

Grbović Aleksandra 124, 125

Grčić Vedrana 60, 61

Güleroğlu Ferhat 54, 55

Gunay Mehmet 28, 29, 100, 101, 170, 171

Gutev Grigor 202, 203

Hadžović Miljan 94, 95

Hofmann Peter 24, 25

Ignjatović Aleksandar 48, 49, 136, 137

Ilić Deјan 80, 81

Ilić Duško 70, 71

Jakovljević Vladimir 110, 111

Jakovljević Vladimir 38, 39, 114, 115

Jakovljević Vlado 38, 39

Janićiјević Danica 80, 81

Janković Bojan 162, 163

Janković Nenad 70, 71

Janković Radivoje 42, 43

Jelenković Predrag 94, 95

Jirasek Ivo 32, 33

Jokić Dušica 122, 123

Jorgić Bojan 92, 93, 94, 95

Jovanović Jelena 148, 149

Jovanović Luka 92, 93

Jovanović Saša 146, 147

Jovanović Srećko 192, 193

Juhas Irina 130, 131

Kadrić Zlatan 52, 53

Kalač Ruždija 180, 181

Karapetrova Rumiana 198, 199, 200, 201

Kasum Goran 98, 99, 106, 107

Kaya Ali 206, 207

Kebat Roman 84, 85

Kekić Dalibor 44, 45

Knežević Olivera 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77

Köklü Yusuf 206, 207, 208, 209

Koleva-Ivanova Dessislava 34, 35

Komlenović Radoslav 126, 127

Koropanovski Nenad 42, 43, 190, 191, 192, 193

Kovačević Erol 52, 53

Kozoderović Jelena 130, 131

Kuzmanić Biljana 60, 61

Lazarević Dušanka 154, 155, 158,159

Lazarević Ljljana 154, 155

Lazarov Ivaylo 196, 197, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202,

203

Ledić Ivan 142, 143

Lomen Elena 204, 205

Macura Marija 102, 103, 114, 115

Mađarević Mirjana 108, 109

Majstorović Nikola 56, 57

211

Marinković Darinka 124, 125

Marković Milan 106, 107

Marković Srđan 76, 77

Marković Vladan 46, 47

Marković Živorad 48, 49, 136, 137

Matić Milan 70, 71, 110, 111

Merdan Ozudogru Sami 36, 37

Milanović Ivana 128, 129

Milojević Saša 162, 163

Milojković Boban 44, 45, 162, 163

Milosavljević Katarina 82, 83

Milovanović Mladen 48, 49

Mirkov Dragan 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77

Mitić Dušan 172, 173, 194, 195

Mitrović Bojan 112, 113

Mladenović Dragiša 132, 133

Moskovljević Lidija 158,159

Mrdaković Vladimir 70, 71

Muftić Mirsad 84, 85

Nedeljković Aleksandar 74, 75, 76, 77

Nedimović Tanja 40, 41

Nešić Goran 56, 57

Neykov Svilen 188, 189

Nikić Radmila 122, 123, 124, 125

Nyagin Plamen 202, 203

Obradović Jelena 68, 69

Oksay Serkan 208, 209

Opačić Ana 56, 57

Orlić Ana 154, 155, 158,159

Ozsari Mehmet 92, 93, 94, 95

Palomo Nieto Miriam 64, 65

Pančić Sanja 172, 173

Pantelić Saša 182, 183

Pašić Milan 128, 129

Paula Ana 34, 35

Pažin Nemanja 70, 71

Pejić Dražen 142, 143

Pirsl Danica 164, 165

Pirsl Tea 164, 165

Polimac Miroslav 68, 69

Popović Ružena 182, 183, 204, 205

Psotta Rudolf 64, 65

Radenović Sandra 160, 161, 166, 167

Radisavljević Janić Snežana 128, 129

Rajevac Slobodan 98, 99

Rakić Slađana 104, 105

Ranđelović Nebojša 164, 165

Rhedžepi Agim 144, 145, 180, 181

Ropret Robert 134, 135

Samouilidou Evdokia 58, 59, 204, 205

Savičević Dejan 90, 91

Savić Zoran 56, 57

Sekulić Damir 108, 109

Şenol Emel 178, 179

Simić Marijana 68, 69

Slavić Marija 114, 115

Solomu Julia 198, 199

Spasić Mihajlo 114, 115

Spasovski Duško 82, 83, 114, 115, 184, 185

Sretenović Zoran 120, 121

Stefanović Đorđe 70, 71, 140, 141

Stojanović Darko 118, 119

Stojiljković Stanimir 184, 185

Stojković Irena 122, 123

Stoykov Georgi 198, 199, 200, 201

Stoykov Stefan 198, 199

Sturza Milić Nataša 40, 41

Subošić Dane 44, 45

Suzović Dejan 90, 91

Šišić Nedim 108, 109

Tešanović Gorana 110, 111, 146, 147, 174, 175

Torlaković Aldvin 84, 85

Trivun Milomir 46, 47

Türkçapar Ünal 178, 179

Türkdoğan Harun 208, 209

Velaga Miljan 156, 157

Velimirović Vedrana 134, 135

Vesković Ana 190, 191, 192, 193

Vićentić Katarina 134, 135

Višnjić Dragoljub 120, 121

Vrcić Mensur 52, 53

Vučković Goran 42, 43, 112, 113, 162, 163

Vukadinović Mila 68, 69

Vukadinović Nenad 130, 131

Vukobratović Zoran 82, 83

Vuković Jovan 68, 69

Zaharieva Darina 86, 87. 88, 89

Zorba Erdal 26, 27

212

SADRŽAJ

PROGRAM RADA NAUČNE KONFERENCIJE 2014

2014 SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE PROGRAMME ................................................................................................. 5

NAPOMENA NAUČNOG ODBORA ........................................................................................................................18

A NOTE OF THE TEACHING AND SCIENTIFIC COUNCIL ............................................................................19

POZIVNA PREDAVANJA ...........................................................................................................................................21

POZIVNA PREDAVANJA ENGL. ..............................................................................................................................21

Dana Bădău

TROUGAO MEĐUSOBNE POVEZANOSTI: AVANTURISTIČKO UČENJE – EDUKATIVNA

AVANTURA - ISKUSTVENO OBRAZOVANJE .............................................................................................................. 22

INTERRELATION TRIANGLE: ADVENTURE EDUCATIONLEARNING ADVENTURE

EXPERIENTIAL EDUCATION .......................................................................................................................................... 23

Peter Hofmann

PROPISANE VEŽBE ZA FIZIČKU AKTIVNOST I TRENING SA VEŽBAMA ZA SPREČAVANJE

I LEČENJE NEZARAZNIH HRONIČNIH BOLESTI ....................................................................................................... 24

EXERCISE PRESCRIPTION FOR PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND EXERCISE TRAINING TO PREVENT

AND TREAT NONCOMMUNICABLE CHRONIC DISEASES ................................................................................. 25

Erdal ZORBA

UTICAJ FIZIČKE AKTIVNOSTI NA KVALITET ŽIVOTA I ANTROPOMETRIJSKU STRUKTURU ............... 26

THE INFLUENCE OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY ON LIFE QUALITY AND ANTHROPOMETRIC

STRUCTURE ............................................................................................................................................................................. 27

Mehmet Günay

SPORTSKO SRCE I PREVENCIJA KORONARNIH FAKTORA RIZIKA .................................................................... 28

ATHLETE’S HEART AND PREVENTION OF CORONARY RISK FACTORS ........................................................ 29

SESIJA 1- ISTRAŽIVAČKO-METODOLOŠKI ASPEKTI EFEKATA PRIMENE FIZIČKIH AKTIVNOSTI U

FIZIČKOM VASPITANJU ....................................................................................................................................................... 31

SESSION 1- RESEARCH-METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE EFFECTS OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY

APPLICATION IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION ................................................................................................................... 31

Ivo Jirásek

NERELIGIJSKA DUHOVNOST U PUTOVANJU - GDE SU GRANICE ISKUSTVENOG

OBRAZOVANJA? ..................................................................................................................................................................... 32

NONRELIGIOUS SPIRITUALITY IN TRAVELING WHERE ARE THE BOUNDARIES

OF EXPERIENTIAL EDUCATION? .................................................................................................................................... 33


EFIKASNOST INTERNET PLATFORME ZA UČENJE (TESS) .................................................................................... 34

EFFICIENCY OF THE INTERNET BASED TEACHING PLATFORM TESS ....................................................... 35

Sami Merdan Ozudogru, Giyasettin Demirhan

ISPITIVANJE FILOZOFSKIH GLEDIŠTA NASTAVNIKA FIZIČKOG VASPITANJA O FIZIČKOM

VASPITANJU ............................................................................................................................................................................. 36

EXAMINATION OF PHILOSOPHICAL VIEWS OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION TEACHERS ON

PHYSICAL EDUCATION ..................................................................................................................................................... 37

Vlado Jakovljević, Snežana Bijelić, Vladimir Jakovljević

ANALIZA STAVA O IGRI I RAZLIKE U ODNOSU NA POL I MJESTO STANOVANJA ...................................... 38

ANALYSIS OF ATTITUDE ABOUT THE GAME AND THE DIFFERENCES WITH RESPECT

TO GENDER AND PLACE OF RESIDENCE .................................................................................................................... 39

213

Nataša Sturza Milić, Tanja Nedimović

ULOGA METODIKE FIZIČKOG VASPITANJA

I PSIHOLOŠKE GRUPE PREDMETA U PODIZANJU SVESTI STUDENATA – BUDUĆIH VASPITAČA

O ZNAČAJU FIZIČKE AKTIVNOSTI ................................................................................................................................. 40

THE ROLE OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND THE PSYCHOLOGICAL

GROUP OF SUBJECTS IN RAISING THE STUDENTS’ FUTURE PRESCHOOL TEACHERS’

AWARENESS ON THE IMPORTANCE OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY ........................................................................ 41

Radivoje Janković, Milivoj Dopsaj, Raša Dimitrijević, Goran Vučković, Nenad Koropanovski

RAZLIKE MOTORIČKE I METABOLIČKO-FUNKCIONALNE EFIKASNOSTI REALIZACIJE TESTA

ZA PROCENU SPECIFIČNE SPRETNOSTI POLICAJACA U ODNOSU NA PROFESIONALNU

SPECIJALIZACIJU .................................................................................................................................................................... 42

DIFFERENCES BETWEEN MOTOR AND METABOLICFUNCTIONAL EFFICIENCY OF POLICE

OFFICERS WHEN ESTIMATING THEIR PERFORMANCE USING THE SPECIAL PROFICIENCY

TEST, DEPENDING ON THEIR PROFESSIONAL SPECIALIZATION .................................................................... 43


SAMOVREDNOVANJE STUDENATA KRIMINALISTIČKO-POLICIJSKE AKADEMIJE O UTICAJU

TERENSKE OBUKE NA POSTIGNUĆA IZ POLICIJSKE TOPOGRAFIJE ................................................................ 44

SELFEVALUATION OF STUDENTS OF THE ACADEMY OF CRIMINALISTIC AND POLICE STUDIES

ABOUT THE IMPACT OF FIELD TRAINING

ON ACHIEVEMENTS IN POLICE TOPOGRAPHY ...................................................................................................... 45

Milomir Trivun, Vladan Marković

EFEKTI PRIMJENE BOLONjSKOG PROCESA NA KVALITET ISPITA U PLIVANjU ........................................... 46

EFFECTS OF APPLICATION OF THE BOLOGNA PROCESS ON THE QUALITY OF EXAM

IN SWIMMING ........................................................................................................................................................................ 47

Aleksandar Ignjatović, Živorad Marković, Mladen Milovanović

STAVOVI STUDENATA PEDAGOŠKOG FAKULTETA O KORIŠĆENJU NEDOZVOLJENIH SREDSTAVA

I METODA ZARAD POBEDE................................................................................................................................................ 48

STUDENT ATTITUDES TOWARD THE USE OF FORBIDDEN SUBSTANCES AND METHODS

FOR WINNING ....................................................................................................................................................................... 49

SESIJA 2 - ISTRAŽIVAČKO-METODOLOŠKI ASPEKTI EFEKATA PRIMENE FIZIČKIH AKTIVNOSTI

U SPORTU .................................................................................................................................................................................. 51

SESSION 2 - RESEARCH-METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE EFFECTS OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY

APPLICATION IN SPORT ..................................................................................................................................................... 51

Ensar Abazović, Erol Kovačević, Zlatan Kadrić, Mensur Vrcić

RAZLIKE U MORFOLOŠKIM KARAKTERISTIKAMA DOMINANTNEI NEDOMINANTNE STRANE

TELA KOD MLADIH TENISERA ....................................................................................................................................... 52

DIFFERENCES IN MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE DOMINANT AND

NONDOMINANT SIDE OF THE BODY IN YOUNG TENNIS PLAYERS ............................................................. 53

Metin Can Kalayci, Ferhat Güleroğlu, Hüseyin Eroğlu

ODNOS IZMEĐU ANTROPOMETRIJSKIH PARAMETARA I PERFORMANSI SPRINTA ................................ 54

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ANTHROPOMETRIC PARAMETERS AND SPRINT PERFORMANCE.......... 55

Ana Opačić, Nikola Majstorović, Vladimir Grbić, Zoran Savić, Goran Nešić

ODNOSI ANTROPOMETRIJSKIH KARAKTERISTIKA I MOTORIČKIH SPOSOBNOSTI IZMEĐU

ODBOJKAŠICA I NETRENIRANIH DEVOJČICA UZRASTA 16 GODINA ............................................................. 56

DIFFERENCES IN ANTHROPOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS AND MOTOR ABILITIES BETWEEN

FEMALE VOLLEYBALL PLAYERS AND UNTRAINED 16YEAROLD GIRLS ................................................... 57

214

Evdokia Samouilidou

NASTAVA GRČKOG TRADITIONAL PLESA KROZ PRISTUP UNAKRSNOG NASTAVNIOG PLANA

I PROGRAMA .......................................................................................................................................................................... 58

THE TEACHING OF GREEK TRADITIONAL DANCING THROUGH CROSS CURRICULA

APPROACH ............................................................................................................................................................................... 59

Vedrana Grčić, Biljana Kuzmanić

ODNOS IZMEĐU ISKUSTVA STEČENOG U TRENIRANJU HIP HOPA I PERFORMANSE U

HAUS DENSU KOD OMLADINSKIH I SENIORSKIH PLESAČA TAKMIČARA ................................................... 60

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HIP HOP TRAINING EXPERIENCE AND HOUSE DANCE

PERFORMANCE IN JUNIOR AND SENIOR COMPETITIVE DANCERS ............................................................. 61

SESIJA 3 - INTERDISCIPLINARNI PRISTUP U ISTRAŽIVANJU EFEKATA PRIMENE FIZIČKIH

AKTIVNOSTI ........................................................................................................................................................................... 63

SESSION 3 - INTERDISCIPLINARY APPROACH IN RESEARCH THE EFFECTS OF PHYSICAL

ACTIVITY APPLICATION ................................................................................................................................................... 63


MEDITATIVNI UTICAJI VIDA NA INSTRUKCIJE ZA FOKUSIRANJE PAŽNJE U PERFORMANSI

MOTORIKE KOJA NIJE USMERENA KA CILJU ............................................................................................................. 65

MEDITATIVE EFFECTS OF VISION ON ATTENTIONAL FOCUS INSTRUCTIONS IN

PERFORMANCE OF A NONGOAL DIRECTED MOTOR SKILL ............................................................................ 66

Hüseyin Eroğlu

ODNOS IZMEĐU ANTROPOMETRIJSKIH PARAMETARA I UČINKA BRZINE –

KINANTROPOMETRIJSKO ISTRAŽIVANJE .................................................................................................................. 67

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ANTHROPOMETRIC PARAMETERS AND SPEED PERFORMANCE

A KINANTHROPOMETRIC RESEARCH ...................................................................................................................... 68

Miroslav Polimac, Jelena Obradović, Mila Vukadinović, Marijana Simić, Jovan Vuković

RAZLIKE U MOTORIČKIM SPOSOBNOSTIMA DECE U ZAVISNOSTI OD UZRASTA ................................... 69

DIFFERENCES IN MOTOR SKILLS OF CHILDREN DEPENDING ON THEIR AGE .......................................... 70

Milan Matić, Nemanja Pažin, Nenad Janković, Vladimir Mrdaković, Duško Ilić, Đorđe Stefanović

OPTIMALNA VISINA ZA ISPOLJAVANJE MAKSIMALNE SNAGE MIŠIĆA KOD SKOKA IZ SASKOKA:

UTICAJ MAKSIMALNE JAČINE ......................................................................................................................................... 71

OPTIMUM DROP HEIGHT FOR MAXIMIZING POWER OUTPUT IN DROP JUMP: THE EFFECT

OF MAXIMAL STRENGTH ................................................................................................................................................. 72

Ivan D Ćuk, Saša M Đurić, Olivera M. Knežević, Dragan M. Mirkov

EVALUACIJA TERENSKIH TESTOVA ZA PROCENU SNAGE GORNJEG DELA TELA ZASNOVANIH

NA EKSPLOZIVNIM SKLEKOVIMA – PILOT STUDIJA .............................................................................................. 73

EVALUATION OF FIELD TESTS FOR ASSESSMENT OF UPPERBODY POWER BASED ON

EXPLOSIVE PUSHUPS PILOT STUDY ........................................................................................................................ 74

Dragan M. Mirkov, Olivera M. Knezevic, Aleksandar Nedeljković

UTICAJ UGLA U ZGLOBU NA BRZINU RAZVOJA SILE MIŠIĆA OPRUŽAČA I PREGIBAČA KOLENA

PRI NAIZMENIČNIM MAKSIMALNIM IZOMETRIJSKIM KONTRAKCIJAMA ................................................. 75

EFFECT OF DIFFERENT JOINT ANGLES ON QUADRICEPS

AND HAMSTRINGS RATE OF FORCE DEVELOPMENT DURING ALTERNATING CONSECUTIVE

MAXIMAL CONTRACTIONS ............................................................................................................................................ 76

Srđan Marković, Dragan Banićević, Olivera Knežević, Aleksandar Nedeljković, Dragan Mirkov

LATENTNA STRUKTURA MOTORIČKOG PROSTORA PROCENJIVANA PRIMENOM TESTA

NAIZMENIČNIH UZASTOPNIH MAKSIMALNIH KONTRAKCIJA ....................................................................... 77

THE STRUCTURE OF PHYSICAL ABILITIES ASSESSED BY THE TEST OF ALTERNATING

CONSECUTIVE MAXIMUM CONTRACTIONS .......................................................................................................... 78

215


U KOREKTIVNOJ GIMNASTICI ......................................................................................................................................... 79


APPLICATION IN CORECTIVE GYMNASTICS ............................................................................................................. 79


TELESNI STATUS DECE PREDŠKOLSKOG I MLAĐEG ŠKOLSKOG UZRASTA .................................................. 80

PHYSICAL STATUS OF PRESCHOOL AND YOUNGER SCHOOL AGE CHILDREN ....................................... 81

Duško Spasovski, Dejan Čubrilo, Katarina Milosavljević, Marko Gašparović, Zoran Vukobratović

ULOGA FUNCTIONAL MOVEMENT SCREENING (FMS) BATERIJE TESTOVA U PROGRAMIRANJU

KOREKTIVNOG VEŽBANJA – PRIKAZ SLUČAJA ........................................................................................................ 82

THE ROLE OF FUNCTIONAL MOVEMENT SCREENING FMS TEST BATTERY IN CORRECTIVE

EXERCISE PRESCRIPTION CASE REPORT ................................................................................................................ 83

Aldvin Torlaković, Mirsad Muftić, Roman Kebat

PLIVANJE KAO POTPORA FIZIKALNOJ TERAPIJI ZA KOREKCIJU POSTURE KOD DJECE ......................... 84

SWIMMING IN SUPPORT OF PHYSICAL THERAPY IN ORDER TO CORRECT POSTURE

IN CHILDREN ........................................................................................................................................................................... 85


TERAPEUTSKO JAHANJE KONJA KOD DECE SA LOŠIM DRŽANJEM ................................................................ 86

THERAPEUTIC HORSEBACK RIDING IN CHILDREN WITH BAD POSTURE ................................................. 87


EFEKAT SCHROTH METODE NA DRŽANJE I DEVIJACIJU KIČME KOD RITMIČKIH

GIMNASTIČARKI .................................................................................................................................................................. 88

EFFECT OF SCHROTH METHOD ON POSTURE AND SPINE DEVIATION

ON RHYTHMIC GYMNASTS .............................................................................................................................................. 89

Dejan Savičević, Dejan Suzović

KOGNITIVNE STRATEGIJE U KONSTRUKCIJI MOTORIČKOG ZNANJA DECE SA RAZVOJNIM

POREMEĆAJEM KOORDINACIJE ..................................................................................................................................... 90

COGNITIVE STRATEGIES IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF MOTOR KNOWLEDGE OF CHILDREN

WITH DEVELOPMENTAL COORDINATION DISORDER ....................................................................................... 91

Luka Jovanović, Marko Aleksandrović, Bojan Jorgić, Mehmet Ozsari, Duran Arslan

EFEKTI KOMBINOVANOG PROGRAMA VEŽBANJA NA FITNES KOMPONENTE ODRASLIH

OSOBA SA CEREBRALNOM PARALIZOM ..................................................................................................................... 92

EFFECTS ON COMBINED EXERCISE PROGRAM ON FITNESS COMPONENTS OF ADULTS

WITH CEREBRAL PALSY ..................................................................................................................................................... 93

Miljan Hadžović, Predrag Jelenković, Marko Aleksandrović,Bojan Jorgić, Mehmet Ozsari, Duran Arslan

EFEKTI FIZIČKE AKTIVNOSTI NA AEROBNI SPOSOBNOSTI DECE SA CEREBRALNOM PARALIZOM:

SISTEMATSKI PREGLED ....................................................................................................................................................... 94

EFFECTS OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY ON AEROBIC CAPACITIES OF CHILDREN WITH CEREBRAL

PALSY: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW....................................................................................................................................... 95

SESIJA 5 - BIOMEDICINSKI ASPEKTI PRIMENE FIZIČKE AKTIVNOSTI .................................................................. 97

SESSION 5 - BIOMEDICAL ASPECTS OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY APPLICATION ................................................... 97


POVREDE U RVANJU I DŽUDOU ....................................................................................................................................... 98

INJURIES IN WRESTLING AND JUDO ............................................................................................................................ 99

216

Bilal Demirhan, Mehmet Günay

UTICAJ MASAŽE LEDOM NA ODREĐENE BIOHEMIJSKE PARAMETRE KOD RVAČA U VEZI

SA OPORAVKOM ..................................................................................................................................................................100

EFFECT OF ICE MASSAGE ON SOME BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF WRESTLERS IN

RELATION WITH THE RECOVERY ...............................................................................................................................101

Marija Macura, Ivan Ćirković

UTICAJ SPECIFIČNOG TRENINGA NA TELESNU KOMPOZICIJU I MOTORIČKE SPOSOBNOSTI

KOD OSOBA ŽENSKOG POLA OD 18– 50. GODINE ŽIVOTA ...............................................................................102

EFFECTS OF SPECIFIC TRAINING ON BODY COMPOSITION AND MOTOR SKILLS IN FEMALES

AGED 1850 ..............................................................................................................................................................................103

Slađana Rakić, Milivoj Dopsaj, Marina Đorđević-Nikić

OSETLJIVOST NOVIH INDEKSA ZA PROCENU SASTAVA TELA U FUNKCIJI UZRASTA KOD

ŽENA .........................................................................................................................................................................................104

SENSITIVITY OF NEW INDEXES FOR WOMEN’S BODY COMPOSITION EVALUATION

REGARDING THE FUNCTION OF AGE ......................................................................................................................105


UPOTREBA SUPLEMENATA U RVANJU ........................................................................................................................106

THE USE OF SUPPLEMENTS IN WRESTLING ...........................................................................................................107

Nedim Šišić, Damir Sekulić, Marino Krespi, Mirjana Mađarević

POUZDANOST I VALIDNOST UPITNIKA O ZLOUPITREBI SUPSTANCI KOD

ADOLESCENATA ..................................................................................................................................................................108

RELIABILITY AND VALIDITY OF THE QUESTIONNAIRE OF SUBSTANCE USE AND MISUSE

IN ADOLESCENTS ...............................................................................................................................................................109

Vladimir Jakovljević, Goran Bošnjak, Milan Matić i Gorana Tešanović

ODNOSI IZMEĐU MORFOLOŠKIH KARAKTERISTIKA I NIVOA KARDIOVASKULARNIH

SPOSOBNOSTI ......................................................................................................................................................................110

RELATIONS BETWEEN MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND LEVEL OF

CARDIOVASCULAR ABILITIES .......................................................................................................................................111

Bojan Mitrović, Goran Vučković

ISPOLJAVANJE ANAEROBNIH I AEROBNIH SPOSOBNOSTI KOD STUDENATA KRIMINALISTIČKO

POLICIJSKE AKADEMIJE ...................................................................................................................................................112

DEMONSTRATION OF ANAEROBIC AND AEROBIC ABILITIES AMONG THE STUDENTS OF

POLICE ACADEMY ..............................................................................................................................................................113

Dejan Čubrilo, Duško Spasovski, Marija Macura, Marija Slavić, Duško Blagojević,

Mihajlo Spasić, Vladimir Jakovljević

PROCENA BIOMARKERA OKSIDATIVNOG STRESA INDUKOVANIH TRENINGOM MLADIH

FUDBALERA: FOKUS NA RAZLICI U GODINAMA ..................................................................................................114

THE ASSESSMENT OF OXIDATIVE STRESS BIOMARKERS INDUCED BY REGULAR TRAINING

IN PUBERTAL BOYS: FOCUS ON AGE DIFFERENCE ...............................................................................................115

SEKCIJA 6 - ISTRAŽIVAČKO-METODOLOŠKI ASPEKTI EFEKATA PRIMENE FIZIČKIH AKTIVNOSTI

U FIZIČKOM VASPITANJU ................................................................................................................................................117


APPLICATION IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION .................................................................................................................117

Darko Stojanović

EFEKTI ČASA SPORTSKIH AKTIVNOSTI U NASTAVI FIZIČKOG VASPITANJA ............................................118

THE EFFECTS OF SPORTS ACTIVITIES CLASSES IN THE PHYSICAL EDUCATION

CURRICULUM .......................................................................................................................................................................119

217

Dragoljub Višnjić, Zoran Sretenović

AKTUELNI PROBLEMI REALIZACIJE PREDMETA FIZIČKO VASPITANJE – IZABRANI SPORT

U OSNOVNOJ ŠKOLI ............................................................................................................................................................120

CURRENT PROBLEMS IN REALIZATION OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION CLASSES SELECTED

SPORT IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL ..............................................................................................................................121

Radmila Nikić, Fadilj Eminović, Dušica Jokić, Sanja Dimoski, Irena Stojković

BARIJERE PRI REALIZACIJI NASTAVE FIZIČKOG VASPITANJA DECE SA SMETNJAMA

U RAZVOJU .............................................................................................................................................................................122

BARRIERS IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION CLASSES FOR CHILDREN

WITH DISABILITIES ...........................................................................................................................................................123


SAMOVREDNOVANJE NASTAVNIKA FIZIČKE KULTURE U RADU SA OMETENOM DECOM ................124

SELFEVALUATION OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION TEACHERS IN WORKING WITH

HANDICAPPED CHILDREN .............................................................................................................................................125

Radoslav Komlenović, Milivoj Dopsaj

TREND PROMENE BAVLJENJA BAZIČNIM SPORTOVIMAI SPORTSKIM IGRAMA KOD DECE

OSNOVNO ŠKOLSKOG UZRASTA RASINSKOG OKRUGA ....................................................................................126

TREND OF CHANGES IN INVOLVEMENT IN CORE SPORTS AND SPORTS GAMES IN

ELEMENTARY SCHOOL PUPILS OF THE RASINA DISTRICT ............................................................................127

Milan Pašić, Ivana Milanović, Snežana Radisavljević Janić

PROCENA ENERGETSKE POTROŠNJE I NIVOA FIZIČKE AKTIVNOSTI KOD ADOLESCENATA:

RAZLIKE IZMEĐU SPORTISTA I NESPORTISTA .......................................................................................................128

ESTIMATED ENERGY EXPENDITURE AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY LEVELS IN ADOLESCENTS:

DIFFERENCES BETWEEN ATHLETES AND NONATHLETES ..............................................................................129

Nenad Vukadinović, Irina Juhas, Jelena Kozoderović

ORGANIZACIJA ORIJENTIRING SEKCIJE U OSNOVNOJ ŠKOLI..........................................................................130

THE ORGANIZATION OF ORIENTEERING SECTION IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL ...................................131


ZADOVOLJSTVO KVALITETOM NASTAVE POLAZNIKA ŠKOLE SKIJANJA...................................................132

PARENTS’ SATISFACTION WITH QUALITY OF TEACHING IN SKI SCHOOL .............................................133

Vedrana Velimirović, Vićentić Katarina, Robert Ropret

MERE BEZBEDNOSTI U PRAKTIČNOJ NASTAVI SKIJANJA STUDENATA FSFV-a

U BEOGRADU .........................................................................................................................................................................134

SAFETY MEASURES IN PRACTICAL SKIING TEACHING FOR STUDENTS OF FSFV

IN BELGRADE ........................................................................................................................................................................135

Živorad Marković, Aleksandar Ignjatović

UTICAJ ELEMENTARNIH I SPORTSKIH IGARA NA AKTIVNO VREME VEŽBANJA ...................................136

THE INFUENCE OF ELEMENTARY AND SPORT GAMES ON ACTIVE EXERCISE TIME .........................137


U SPORTU ................................................................................................................................................................................139


APPLICATION IN SPORT ...................................................................................................................................................139

Đorđe Stefanović

VRLINE PRAVOSLAVNIH SVETIH RATNIKA U FUNKCIJI VASPITANJA MLADIH SPORTISTA ...............140

THE VIRTUES OF ORTHODOX HOLY WARRIORS IN EDUCATION YOUNG ATHLETES ........................141

218

Ante Burger, Marino Crespi, Ivan Ledić, Dražen Pejić

ANALIZA USPJEŠNOSTI REALIZIRANJA IGRAČA VIŠE, I USPJEŠNOST REALIZACIJE PRVOG NAPADA

NAKON VREMENSKE PAUZE KOD MUŠKARACA I ŽENA U VRHUNSKOM RUKOMETU ........................142

PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF REALIZING EXTRA PLAYER, AND THE SUCCESS OF THE FIRST

ATTACK AFTER THE BREAK IN MEN AND WOMEN TOP HANDBALL ........................................................143

Magdalena Damjanovska, Serjoza Gontarev, Agim Rhedzepi, Giurka Gantcheva

UPOREĐIVANJE POUZDANOSTI I VALIDNOSTI NEKIH TESTOVA SA KLASIČNIM I SLIKOVNIM

MODELOM PROCENE RITMIČKE SPOSOBNOSTI ..................................................................................................144

COMPARING RELIABILITY AND VALIDITY OF SOME TESTS WITH CLASSIC AND IMAGE MODEL

OF ASSESSEMENT RHYTHMIC ABILITY ....................................................................................................................145


NEKE PROMENE MOTORIČKIH SPOSOBNOSTI KOD PLESAČA DŽEZ BALETA KOJI PRIMENJUJU

POSEBNE VEŽBE ZA SKAKAČE U ATLETICI .............................................................................................................146

SOME CHANGES OF MOTORICAL ABILITIES IN JAZZBALLET DANCERS USING SPECIFIC

EXERCISES FOR JUMPERS IN ATHLETICS..................................................................................................................147

Jelena Jovanović

KLIMA ORGANIZACIONIH JEDINICA I MENADŽMENT PRAKSA ....................................................................148

CLIMATE OF ORGANIZATIONAL UNITS AND MANAGEMENT PRACTICE ...............................................149

SESIJA 8 - PSIHO-SOCIJALNI ASPEKTI PRIMENE FIZIČKE AKTIVNOSTI .............................................................151

SESSION 8 - PSYHO-SOCIAL ASPECTS OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY APPLICATION .............................................151

Hüseyin Gökçe , Yunus Arslan

POREĐENJE SAMOEFIKASNOSTI SPORTISTA: UČEŠĆE U INDIVIDUALNIM I TIMSKIM

SPORTOVIMA ........................................................................................................................................................................152

COMPARISON OF THE ATHLETES’ SELF EFFICACY: PARTICIPATING TO INDIVIDUALS

OR TEAM SPORTS ................................................................................................................................................................153

Dušanka Lazarević, Ana Orlić, Ljljana Lazarević

FIZIČKA SAMOEFIKASNOST I SOCIJALNA ANKSIOZNOST ZBOG IZGLEDA KAO PREDIKTORI

SAMOCENJENJA KOD STUDENATA KOJI SE BAVE SPORTOM ...........................................................................154

PHYSICAL SELFEFFICACY AND SOCIAL PHYSIQUE ANXIETY AS PREDICTORS OF SELFESTEEM

OF THE STUDENTS’ INVOLVED IN SPORT ...............................................................................................................155

Miljan Velaga

TAKMIČARSKA ANKSIOZNOST KOD KARATISTA ................................................................................................156

COMPETITIVE ANXIETY IN KARATE ATHLETES ..................................................................................................157


RELACIJE NEKIH PSIHOLOŠKIH KARAKTERISTIKA I USPEŠNOSTI U RITMIČKOJ GIMNASTICI

KOD OSOBA RAZLIČITOG POLA ...................................................................................................................................158

RELATION OF SOME PSYCHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND SUCCESSFULNESS IN

RHYTHMIC GYMNASTICS WITH PERSONS OF DIFFERENT SEXES ...............................................................159

Aleksandar Bastajić, Sandra Radenović

FUDBALSKI NAVIJAČI U SRBIJI – OD GLEDALACA DO AKTIVNIH UČESNIKA...........................................160

FOOTBALL FANS IN SERBIA FROM SPECTATORS TO PARTICIPANTS AND HOOLIGANS ...............161

Saša Milojević, Bojan Janković, Goran Vučković, Boban Milojković

ODREĐENE KARAKTERISTIKE MALOLETNIKA ČLANOVA NAVIJAČKIH GRUPA U

REPUBLICI SRBIJI ..................................................................................................................................................................162

CERTAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF MINORS

MEMBERS OF SUPPORTERS’ GROUPS IN THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA ........................................................163

219

Tea Pirsl, Danica Pirsl, Nebojša Ranđelović

KREIRANJE, OBLIKOVANJE I OZNAČIVANJE POLNO I RASNO PRISTRASNE MEDIJSKE

ZASTUPLJENOSTI ...............................................................................................................................................................164

CREATING, SHAPING AND SIGNIFYING GENDER AND RACE BIASED MEDIA

REPRESENTATION ...............................................................................................................................................................165

Sandra Radenović

SOCIOLOGIJA SPORTA I/ILI SOCIOLOGIJA FIZIČKE KULTURE? – NEKA RAZMATRANJA ....................166

SOCIOLOGY OF SPORT AND/OR SOCIOLOGY OF PHYSICAL CULTURE?

CERTAIN CONSIDERATIONS ......................................................................................................................................167


U REKREACIJI .........................................................................................................................................................................169


APPLICATION IN RECREATION .....................................................................................................................................169

Ebru Çetin, Mehmet Günay, Mustafa AltunsoyTRIJADA KOD SPORTISTKINJA ......................................................170

THE FEMALE ATHLETE TRIAD ......................................................................................................................................171


PRIMERI DOBRE PRAKSE SPORTA ZA SVE .................................................................................................................172

THE BEST PRACTICES OF SPORT FOR ALL ...............................................................................................................173

Predrag Dragosavljević, Milinko Dabović, Gorana Tešanović

PROCENA EFEKATA REKREACIJE NA OSNOVU SOCIJALNO-ISKUSTVENIH

KARAKTERISTIKA ................................................................................................................................................................174

ESTIMATE OF THE RECREATION EFFECTS

ON THE BASIS OF SOCIAL EXPERIENTIAL CHARACTERISTICS ...................................................................175

Mustafa Altunsoy

HIPOKINETIČKA OBOLJENJA I VEŽBE ........................................................................................................................176

HYPOKINETIC DISEASES AND EXERCISE .................................................................................................................177

Ünal Türkçapar, Emel Şenol

ISPITIVANJE STAVOVA STUDENATA UNIVERZITETA PREMA TEHNOLOGIJI PREMA RAZLIČITIM

VARIJABLAMA ......................................................................................................................................................................178

EXAMINING THE UNIVERSITY STUDENTS’ ATTITUDES TOWARDS THE TECHNOLOGY

ACCORDING TO DIFFERENT VARIABLES .................................................................................................................179

Seryozha Gontarev, Ruzdija Kalac, Agim Redjepi

FIZIČKA AKTIVNOST I SEDENTARNE NAVIKE KOD MAKEDONSKIH ADOLESCENATA

IZ ALBANSKE NACIONALNE ZAJEDNICE .................................................................................................................180

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND SEDENTARY HABITS AMONG MACEDONIAN ADOLESCENTS

FROM ALBANIAN ETHNIC COMMUNITY ................................................................................................................181

Popović Ružena, Pantelić Saša, Đurašković Ratomir

UPOREDNI PRIKAZ FUNKCIONALNOG KAPACITETA ŽENA TREĆEG DOBA IZ GRADSKE

I SEOSKE SREDINE ................................................................................................................................................................182

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF FUNCTIONAL CAPACITY IN ELDERLY WOMEN OF URBAN

AND RURAL AREA ...............................................................................................................................................................183

Duško Spasovski, Stanimir Stojiljković

DOZIRANJE ZDRAVSTVENOG FITNES VEŽBANJA UZ PODRŠKU RAČUNARA

– COREFITMAX .....................................................................................................................................................................184

DOSING OF COMPUTERMEDIATED HEALTH FITNESS EXERCISING COREFITMAX .......................185

220

POSTERI ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 186

POSTERS ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 187

Svilen Neykov

NEKI POKAZATELJI OPTEREĆENJA (UTICAJA) TRENINGA TOKOM PRIPREMA R. NEYKOVE,

OLIMPIJSKE ŠAMPIONKE U PEKINGU 2008. GODINE ...........................................................................................188

SOME INDICATORS OF TRAINING LOADS IMPACTS IN THE PREPARATION OF OLYMPIC

CHAMPION IN BEIJING 2008 R. NEYKOVA ................................................................................................................189

Ana Vesković, Nenad Koropanovski

ŠTA ČINI SADRŽAJ FUNKCIONALNE UKLJUČENOSTI RODITELJA U SPORT MLADIH? ..........................190

WHAT IS THE CONTENT OF FUNCTIONAL ENGAGEMENT OF PARENTS IN SPORTS ACTIVITY

OF THE YOUTH? ...................................................................................................................................................................191

Nenad Koropanovski, Ana Vesković, Srećko Jovanović

CILJNA USMERENOST KARATISTA ...............................................................................................................................192

THE GOAL ORIENTATION OF KARATISTS ...............................................................................................................193

Dušan Mitić, Vedran Ćirković

EFEKTI PRIMENE DVONEDELJNOG PROGRAMA ,,ČIGOTICA” NA GOJAZNOST DECE UZRASTA

12 DO 18 GODINA .................................................................................................................................................................194

THE EFFECTS OF THE APPLICATION OF ‘ČIGOTICA’ TWOWEEK PROGRAM ON OBESITY

IN CHILDREN AGED 1218 YEARS OLD .......................................................................................................................195

Ivaylo Lazarov

KOMPARATIVNA ANALIZA ANTROPOMETRIJSKIH MERENJA KOD ŽENA I MUŠKARACA

– TRKAČA NA SREDNJE DISTANCE .............................................................................................................................196

COMPARATIVE ANALYSE OF ANTHROPOMETRIC MEASUREMENTS WITH MEN AND

WOMEN RUNNERS OF MIDDLE DISTANCES .......................................................................................................197


ANTROPOMETRIJA KAO PREDUSLOV ZA ODABIR NADARENE DECE ZA ATLETIKU

(DVANAESTOGODIŠNJACI) ..............................................................................................................................................198

ANTHROPOMETRY AS A PRECONDITION FOR SELECTION OF TALENTED CHILDREN

FOR ATHLETICS 12 YEARS OLD ..................................................................................................................................199


PULS TOKOM TRENAŽNOG OPTEREĆENJA I MIROVANJA KAO KRITERIJUM STRESA

I ADAPTACIJE U TRČANJU NA SREDNJE STAZE.......................................................................................................200

HEART RATE DURING TRAINING LOADS AND REST AS CRITERIA FOR STRESS AND

ADAPTATION IN MIDDLEDISTANCE RUNNING ..................................................................................................201


DINAMIKA REZULTATA ELITNIH TRKAČA NA 110 M SA PREPONAMA SA ASPEKTA

STAROSNE DOBI ..................................................................................................................................................................202

ELITE 110 M HURDLERS RESULTS DYNAMICS IN AGE ASPECT.......................................................................203

Ivana Đorđević, Ružena Popović, Evdokia Samouilidou, Elena Lomen

FIZIČKO VASPITANJE DECE SA ZDRAVSTVENIM PROBLEMIMA .....................................................................204

PHYSICAL EDUCATION OF CHILDREN WITH MEDICAL CONDITIONS .....................................................205


ODNOS IZMEĐU UČINKA MLADIH KOŠARKAŠA NA RAZLIČITIM TESTOVIMA AGILNOSTI

I SPOSOBNOSTI U SPRINTU ............................................................................................................................................206

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DIFFERENT AGILITY TESTS AND SPRINT ABILITY PERFORMANCE

IN YOUNG BASKETBALL PLAYERS ...............................................................................................................................207

Serkan Oksay, Utku Alemdaroğlu, Yusuf Köklü, Harun Türkdoğan

AKUTNI EFEKAT RAZLIČITIH STRATEGIJA ZAGREVANJA NA UČINAK U SPRINTU ..............................208

THE ACUTE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT WARM UP STRATEGIES ON SPRINT PERFORMANCE ...............209

INDEKS AUTORA / INDEX OF AUHORS ..........................................................................................................................210

221

222

CIP - � � �� , �� 796/799(048)371.3::796(048) !"#$�%&'*�% � �+� ��<�� "<�� =�� <��+�� >��@�� Q�� @� ��@ ��, �=� �� @��W (2014 ; �� ) Zbornik sažetaka / Me�unarodna nau�na konferencija Efekti primene � zi�ke aktivnosti na antropološki status dece, omladine i odraslih, Beograd, 11-12. decembar 2014. = Book of Abstracts / International Scienti� c Conference Effects of Physical Activity Application to Anthropological Status with Children, Youth and Adults ; [urednik, editor Dušan Miti� ; prevod na srpski i engleski, transleted by Gordana Vekari�]. - Beograd : Fakultet sporta i � zi�kog vaspitanja = Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, 2014 (Beograd : 3D+). - 223 str. : ilustr. ; 29 cm Apstrakti na srp. i engl. jeziku. - Tiraž 150. ISBN 978-86-89773-03-3 a) �� - %�@�� b) ^��+�� > @�� _� - %�@�� COBISS.SR-ID 211639820

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