HƯỚNG DẪN HỌC TỐT TIẾNG ANH 12 BIÊN SOẠN 2008 CHƯƠNG TRÌNH MỚI - MAI LAN HƯƠNG

8/21/2019 HNG DN HC TT TING ANH 12 BIN SON 2008 CHNG TRNH MI - MAI LAN HNG

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MAI LAN HNG - NGUYEN THANH LOAN

(Bin son)

dictt9M . / - 9

TING AIM II

1 2BIN SON NM 2008

THEO CHNG TRNH MI

TRUNG TM BIN SONDCHTHUTSCHI GN nxb Nang

WWW.FACEBOOK.COM/DAYKEM.QU

WWW.FACEBOOK.COM/BOIDUONGHOAHOCQU

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W.DAYKEMQUYNHON.UCOZ.COM

g gp PDF bi GV. Nguyn Thanh T


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HNG DN HC TT TING ANH 12

Chu trch nhim xut bn: NGUYN HU CHIN

Tng bin tp: NGUYN C HNG

Bin tp: HUNH YN TRM MY

Trnh by: SAIGONBOOK

Ba: TRN BO TON

Sa bn in: QUNH MAI

n v lin doanh:CTy c ph n in Hoa M ai'

In: 1000 cun,'k h : 17 X 24 cm. Ti: Cty c phn in Hoa Mai. Sng k21-2008/ CXB/ 196 - 126/aN. In xong v np lu chiu thng nm 2008.



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Li n i u

Hng dn h c t t tin g Anh 12 s gip hc sinh chun b bi nh vo lp tip thu bi tt hn, v l cun sch gio vin v ph

hynh tham kho trong qu trnh hng dn v ging dy ting Anh 12theo chng trnh mi.

Hng dn h c t t t in g Anh 12 c bin son a theo tng n vbi hc (Unit) trong sch gio khoa ting Anh 12 ca B gio dc v oto pht hnh thng 7 nm 2008. Mi n v bi hc gm c:

I. Glossary (Bng t vng): gm t t c cc t mi trong bi. Cc t uc phin m theo h phin m qc t v c cho ngha st vingha trong bi hc, c v d minh h.

II. Gramm ar (Ng php): gm cc im ng php ca tng p hn trongmi n v bi hc; c son r rng, chi tit v y , c v dminh ha.

III. Solutions and translations (Bi gii v bi dch): dch tt c cc bic. Tr li cc cu hi, gii cc bi tp v bi nghe trong sch gio

khoa. (Cc em nn t lm bi tp v nghe y trc khi tham khophn ny.)

Mc d rt c' gng trong qu trnh bin son, song kh trnh khithiu st, chng ti mong nhn c, nhng gp , ph bnh sa chacho ln in sau.

Th gp ph bnh sch xin gi n:Nh sch QUNH MAI474 Nguyn Th Minh Khai - Q3 - TP.HCM

Email: [email protected]

Website: www.quynhmaibooks.comNhm bin son

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BNG VIT TT & K HIU

BrE British English - ting Anh ca ngi Anhc countable - (danh t) m c

cf corpare -so snh vi

fml formal - trnh trng

I intransitive - ni ng t

IDM idiom - thnh ng

infml informal - khng trnh trng

NAmE North American English - ting Anh c ngi MOPP opposite - t tri ngha

phrv phrasal verb - cm ng t

pi plural - hnh thc s nhiu

pp past participle - qu kh phn t

pt past tense - qu kh

sb somebody - mt ngi no

sth something - mt iu g SYN synonym - t ng ngha

T transitive - .ngoi ng t

uncountable - (danh t) khng m c

usu. usually - thng

*3> Lu



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[unit 1 HOME LIFE ( )

. GLOSSARY (Bng t vng)

. base /beis/ (n) [C] nn tng; c s; im ta

Ex: It is a base from which we can go into the world with confidence.( chnh l im ta chng ti vng bc vo i.)2. biologist /bai'Dbdist/ (n) [C] nh sinh vt hc. caring /'kearir)/ (adj) [usu. before noun] chu o. close-knit /klaus 'nt/ (also less frequent closely-knit) (adj) khngkht;, gn b. come up /kAm 'Ap/ (phr v): to happenxy ra; ny sinh

Ex: Im afraid something urgent has come UP. (Ti e rng c chuynkhn cp xy ra.)

6. eel /i:l/ (n) [C, U] con ln; con c chnh

7. frankly /'fraegkli/ (adv) thng thn; trung thcEx: They frankly admitted their responsibility.(J thng thn nhn trch nhim.)

. give sb a hand (with sth/ doing sth) (IDM): help sb (to do sth)gip ai lam.vic g . " Ex: Let me give you a hand with these suitcases.

( ti gip bn xch my chic vali ny nh.)9. household chores /'haushaol tjb:r/ (n) [C] vic nh; vic vt trong nh. italics /] 'tasliks/ (n) [pi] (also italic [sing.]) ch in nghing

Ex: Examples in this dictionary are in italics.(Th d trong quyn t in ny c in nghing.)

. join hands /din 'haendz/ (IDM): to work together in doing sth hp lc vinhau lm gi; chung t gp sc, "Ex: In my family, both parents join hands ot give us a nice house and a

happy home. (Trong gia nh ti, c ch v m u chung tay gp sc chng ti c mt ngi nh xinh xn v mt gia nh hnh phc.)

. lab /laeb/ (n) (infml) (laboratory /b'borotri/) phng th nghim13. leftover /'leftoovar/ (n) [usu. pl.J thc n tha

-4 leftover (adj) [only before noun] con tha; cn ii SYN surplusEx: Use any leftover meat to make curry.

(C dng ht ch tht cn li nu c ry.)14. make for /'meik fo:r/ (phr v): to help to make sth possiblegip lm cho ci gi

c th thc hin c; gip to thnh15. mischievous /'mistjivss/ (adj): enjoying playing tricks and annoying people

tinh nghch; tai qui-> mischief /'mistfif/ (n) [U] tr tinh nghch; tr tinh qui-> mischievously (adv)

UNIT 1: HOME LIFE 5



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16. obedient /a'biidiant/ (adj) (~ to sb/ sth) bit vng li; d bo; ngoan ngonOPP disobedientEx: As a child he was always obedient to his parents.

(Hi cn nh anh ta lc no cng vng li b m.)- obedience /a'biidians/ (n) [U]s vng li; s tun tho> obediently (adv)

17. project /'prDdekt/ (n) [C] d n; d n; cng trnh (nghin cu)18. sb cant 'wait/ can hardly 'wait (IDM) ho hc; hm h; nng lng

Ex: I cant wait for the holidays. (Ti nng lrig mong i k nghi.)19.secure /si'kjoar/ (adj) an ton; an tmOPP insecure

Ex: At last they were able to feel secure about the future. (Cui cng th h c th cm thy an tm v tng lai ca mnh.)

-> security /si'kjorati/ (n) [] s an ton- securely (adv)20. shift /Jft/ (n) [C] ca; kp

. spread out /spred 'aut/ (phr v): to separate from other people in a group, tocover a larger area ta ra .

. willing /'wilirj/ (adj) (~ to do sth) sn ng lm gEx: They keep a list of people (who are) willing to work nights.

(H gi mt danh sch nhng ngi sn lng lm ca m.)- willingness /'wilrrjnas/ (n) [, sing.] s sn lng; s st sng- willingly- (adv)

II. GRAMMAR (Ng php )

The pronunciation pf the ending -s(Cch pht m mu t -s cui t)C 3 cch pht m ui -sl-es: /s/, ixiiv /z/

/s/ sau m v thanh (unvoiced consonant): /p/, /f/, //, /t/, /k/Ex: cups /kAps/; cloths /klD0s/; president's prez I dan ts/; Jacks /dks/;

works /W3:ks/; ets /i:ts/ /iz/ sau m xut (sibilant sounds): /s/, /z/, /J7, //, /tj7, /dy

Ex: buses /'bAsiz/; buzzes /'bAziz/; kisses /'kisiz/; Alices /'aslisiz/ /z/ sau m hu thanh (voiced consonant): m nguyn m, nh trng m v

cc ph m: b, /v/, //, /d/, /g/, //, /m/, /n/, /g/Ex: trees /tri:z/ clothes /klaoz/ hills/hilz/potatoes /ps'teitaoz/ days/deiz/ comes /kAmz/ .

- doctors / ' d D k t a z / Marys /'meariz/boils /boilz/ plays /pleiz/

Nguyn tc ny c p dng vi xnu t s ng cui danh t s nhiu, shu cch v ng t ngi th ba s' t (c qui tc). Tuy nhin, vn c mt s'trng hp ngoi l:

6 HNG DN HC TT TING ANH 12



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Danh t thm s

Nouns Plurls

bath /ba:/house /haus/mouth /mao/

path /pa:/rof /ru:f/truth /tru:/wreach /ri:/youth /ju:/

baths /ba:z, b:s/houses /'haziz/mouths /maoz, maos/

paths /pa:z, pa:s/roofs /ru:fs, ru:vz/truths /tru:z, tru:s/wreaths /ri:z, ri:s/youths /ju:z, ju:s/

ng t ngi th ba s t c qui tcsays /sz/ (khng c /seiz)does / d A z / (khng c /du:z/)

Tense revision (n li th)

. The Past Simple (Th qu kh n)1. Form (Cu trc):

Positive (khng nh) S + V + .

Question (nghi vn) Did + s + V + ?Negative (ph nh) s + did not/ didnt + V + 0.

2. Use (Cch dng): Th qu kh n c dng din ta. hnh ng, s vic xy ra ti mt thi im c th trong qu kh.

Ex: Peter broke a window last night. (Ti qua, Peter lm v knh ca s.)b. hnh ng, s vic din ra sut mt qung thi gian trong qu kh,nhng nay hon ton chm dt.Ex: I spent all my childhood in Scotland. (Ti tri qua thi th u Scotland.)

c. hnh ng, s vic lp i lp li trong qu kh, nhngkhng hoc khngth xy ra trong hin ti.Ex: I always drank a glass of milk for breakfast;

(Trc y ti thng ung mt ly sa vo ba sng.)Ni chung, khi ni v nhng hnh ng, s vic din ra trong qu kh, nu

khng c l do c bit no cn phi s dng mt th khc, chng tathng dng th qu kh n. , .

B. The Past Progressive (Th qu kh tip din). Form (Cu trc):

Positive (khng nh) s + was/ were + V-ing + 0.Question (nghi vn) Was/ were + s i V-ing + 0 ?

Negative (ph nh) s + wasnt/ werent + V-ing + o.

UNIT 1: HOME L IFE

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2. Use (Cch dng): Th qu kh tip din thng c dng a. din t hnh dng, s vic ang din ra ti mt thi im xc nh trong

qu kh.Ex: He was eating lunch at p.m. (Lc 1 gi anh y ang n tra.)

b. nhn mnh rng hnh ng, s vic din ra lin tc trong mt khonghi gian xc nh trong qu kh.

Ex: They were quarrelling the whole time they were together.(Khi cn bn nhau h lc no cng ci v.)

c. ni v hai hnh ng, s vic din ra ng thi trong qu kh.Ex: I was reading while he was skiing. (Ti c sch trong khi anh y

trt tuyt.). din t hnh ng ang din ra vo mt thi im trong qu kh th mt

hnh ng q kh khc xy n (dng thpast progressive cho hnh ngang din ra v th past simple cho hnh ng xy ra ngt on hnhng ).

Ex: The phone rang while I was having dinner. (Chung in thoi rengkhi ti ang n ti.)

^ Khng dng th qu kh tip din vi cc ng t ch nhn thc, tr i gichoc s hu.Ex: We have three cars. (NOT Wo arc having three ears.)

c. The Present Perfect (Th hin ti hon thnh). Form (Cu trc)

Positive (khng nh) s +have/ has + V (past participle) +Negative {ph nh) s +have/ has +not + V(past participle) + 0Question (nghi vn) Have/ Has + s + V (past participle) + 0

2. Use (Cch dng): Th hin ti hon thnh c dng d din ta. Hnh ng va mi xy ra hoc hnh ng xy ra trong qu kh khi

ngi ni khng bit hoc khng mun cp n thi gian chnh xc.Ex: Weve just come back from our holiday. (Chng ti va i nghi v.)

Theyve won several awards. (H ot c vi gii thng.)b. Hnh ng hoc s vic xy ra lp i lp li trong qu kh v c th cn

c lp li trong hin ti hoc tng Ia.Ex: Theyve been to Chile three times. (H n Chile ba ln.)[c th ngy no h s li n Chile.]This young director has made four films so far and I think her latest isthe best. (Cho n nay n o din tr ny lm c 4 b phim vti cho rng phim mi nht ca c phim kay nht.) [C y vn tiptc lm phim.]

c. Hnh ng xy ra trong qu kh nhng c kt qu hoc nh hng hin ti.




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Ex: Tom has had a bad car crash, so hes in hospital now. (Tom b tai nn t nghim trng, v vy hin gi anh y ang nm vin.)Wheres your keys? ~ I dont know, Ive lost it. (Cha kha ca bnu? - Ti khng bit, ti nh mt n.) [nn gi ti khng ccha kho]

d. Hnh ng bt u trong qu kh, ko di n hin ti v c kh nng

tip tc tng lai.Ex: Weve lived in Oxford since 1992. (Chng ti sng Oxford t nm 1992.) [hin chng ti vn sng ]

- Cc t hoc cm t thng c dng vi th hin t i hon thnh:just, recently, lately (gn y, va mi); before (trc y); already(ri); ever ( tng); never (cha bao gi); for (trong khong)-, since (tkhi)', yt (cha)so far, up to now; up to present, until now (cho n by gi)

-Y- Th hin ti hon thnh thng dc dng trong cu trc cu It/ This/

That is the first/ second/ third/ only/ best/ worst/ ...Ex: This is the first time weve been to Scotland, so its all new to us. (yl ln u tin chng ti n Scotland, vi th mi th i vi chngti tht mi m.)Its one of the most interesting books Ive ever read.( l mt trong nhng cun sch hay nht m ti c.)

III. SOLUTIONS AND TRANSLATIONS (Bi gii v bi dch)

m READING

Before you readLm vic theo cp. Hy hi ri tr li cc cu hi sau v bc tranh.

. C gia nh ang u?They are at home. (H ang nh.)

2. Mi thnh vin trong gia nh ang lm g?The mother is helping the daughter with her study, the father is playingwith th son. (M ang dy con gi hc, cha ang chai vi con trai.)

3. Gia nh ny c hnh phc khng? Ti so?Yes. I think so when I see such a warm and peaceful scene. (C. Ti ngh

vy khi nhn khung cnh m m yn bnh ny.) While you readHy c on vn ri lm cc bi tp bn di.Gia nh ti c nm ngi: cha m ti, hai em trai ti v ti. M ti lm y t

mt bnh vin ln. M phi lm vic nhiu gi v phi trc m mi tunmt ln. Cha ti l mt nh sinh vt hc. ng lm vic t gi sng n 5gi chiu trong phng th nghim, nhng khi c cng trnh nghin cu ngthng v nh rt khuya. D rt bn Tn, cha m ti vn c' gng nh nhiuthi gian cho con ci. Ngi ta thng ni rng n ng xy nh, n b xy

UNIT 1: HOME LIFE 9



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t m, nhng vi gia nh ti, c cha v m u chung tay gp sc chngti c mt ngi nh xinh xn v mt gia nh hnh phc.M ti rt chu o. M m ng vic ni tr trng gia nh. Sng no m

cng l rigi dy sm nht chun b ba sng v qun o cho chng tin trng. Bui chiu, sau khi ri bnh vin, rri vi v ra ch ri h h vnh kp nu xong ba ti truc lc cha v. Cha khng n h vic don dp

nh ca. Khng ging nhiu ngi n ng khc, ch ti thch nu n. Thnhthong, v dp cui tun, cha nu cho chng ti vi mn ngon. Mn cho ncha nu mn cho ngon nht m ti tng nm qua.Hin ti ang hc nm cui cp 3 v d tnh thi yo i hc nn ti phi hc

rt cng. D vy, v l con c v l a cn gi duy nht trong gia nh, tigng gip cha m lm nhng vic vt trong nh. Ti c nhim V ra bta v rc. Ti cng trng nom hai a em, i khi chng rt hi ng vnghch ngm, nhng thng th chng rt ngoan ngon v sing nng'. Vonhng ngy cui tun, chng thch cng'cha ti sa cha c trong nh.Mi ngi trong gia nh ti rt gn b vi nhau v gp iihau rt nhiu.

Chng ti thng s .chia cm xc vi nhau v nhng khi c vn g nysinh chng ti u thng than bn bc v nhanh chng tm ra gii php. Lcno chng ti cng cm thy an ton trong ngi nh ca mnh. chnh lim ta chng ti vng bc vo i.

Task . Hy chn cu A, B hoc c c ngha gi vi cu cho sn nht.1. n khuya anh ta mi v nh.

a. Anh t khng bao gi v nh mun.b. Anh ta v nh mun.c. i khi anh ta v nh mun.

2. n. ng xy nh, n b xy t m.a. n ng v n b u gii xy nh.

b. n ng v n b phi sng tch bit.c. Trch nhim ca n ng l lm vic v chu cp cho gia nh cn bn

phn ca n b l chm sc gia nh.3. Cha m ti chung tay gp sc d chng ti c mt ngi nh xinh xn v

mt gia nh hnh phc.a. Cha m ti cng nhau to dng cho chng ti mt ngi nh xinh xn

v mt gia nh hnh phc.

b. Cha m ti nm tay nhau khi h cho chngti mtnginh xinhxn v mt gia nh hnh phc.c. Cha m ti bt ty nhau khi h cho chng ti mt ngi nh xinh xn

v mt gia nh hnh phc.4. My cu b i khi rt nghch ngm.

a. My cu b i khi cng ngoan ngon.b. My cu b i khi thch chi khm v tru chc ngi khc. Vc. My cu b i khi khi r t nh cha m. :




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5. Chng ti l mt gia nh gn b vi nhau.a. Cc thnh vin trong gia nh ti r t gn ginhau.

b. Cc thnh vin trong gia nh ti cn nhau.c. Cc thnh vin trong gia nh ti cha bao githn thit vi nhau.

p n: 1 B 2 c 3A 4B 5 A


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ai l lao ng chnh trong gia nh ai lm vic nh bn y m vic g trong nh s thch chung ca cc thnh vin trong gia nh bn y thng tm s vi ai bny thng hi kin ai trc khi quyt nh iu g quan trng

p n gi - Who works in your family?- Who does household chores?- What is your responsibility in your family?- What is the interest your family members share closely?- Whom do you often share your secrets with?- Whom do you talk to before making an important decision? Task 3. Lm vic vi mt bn khc. Hy dng cc cu hi trn hi vcuc sng gia nh bn y. Hy ghi ch cu tr li vo bng sau.

ai l lao dng chnh trong gia nh c cha v meai lm vic nh

bn lm vic g trong nhs thch chung ca cc thnh vin trong gia nhbn thng tm s vi aibn thng hi kin ai trc khi quyt nhiu g quan trng

- Task 4. Hy tr li lm vic vi bn u tin. K cho nhau nghe thng tinva thu thp c.

LISTENING Before you listen Hy xem bc tranh di y ri miu t vic g ang din ra. Lng nghe r lp li.

flig h t/tlart/ re served /n'z3:vd/ coach /ksot/yrarely /rearli/ close-knit /jklsus'mt/ spread out /spred 'aot/leftovers /'left^ovsrz/ crowded /'kraodid/

While you listenTask 1. Hy lng nghe on hi thoi gia Paul v Andrea ri xc nhxem cu no l ng (T) hoc sai (F).

0 TAPESCRIPTListen to Paul and Andrea talking about their family life. What are twothings that are different about Pauls and Andreas families?

p - So, Andrea, youre going home for the holiday?A - I am sure. Ive booked a flight for tomorrow afternoonand I cant wait,p - That sounds great

12 HNGDN HCTT TING ANH 12



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A - What about you? Going home too?p - I havent decided yet. Im still considering ...A - Havent decided yet? h, you are never going to get a flight, out of here.

All the seats have been reserved by now Im sure. Its the holidayseason, after all.

p - Well, its not very important to me. My family lives about 180 kilometresfrom here. I usually take the train or the coach.

- You dont sound excited about it.p - Well, we are not really a very close-knit family. I have three brothers,

and theyve spread out all over the place. We rarely get together as afamily any more.

. A - Well, I try to get home as soon as possible. Were a big family - thereare six of us - children - so its always a lot of fun.

p - Six kids?A - Yes. And were all really close. My brothers are married, so it makes for

a very crowded home over the holiday. And there are too many people to

cook for, so we end up going out to dinner a lot. Thats also fun.p - Well, at my home, my mother loves to cook, so when we get home she

often cooks big meals. We have leftovers for days.

p n T F Andrea nng lng ch i chuyn bay. 2 Paul nng''lng mun tr v nh. 03 Nh Paul cch n h ang sng 280 km. 0 .4 C nhiu tr con trong gia nh Andreahn gia nh Paul. 0

5 Khi hp mt, gia nh Andrea thng


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ni chuyn in thoi s dung xe my ca gia nh . i chi vi b n 'Gi - During the school year, Im not allowed to come II II)> III- I have to do the washing in our house.- My parents want me to go to bed early.- They allow me to use our family motorbike.

Task . Hy dng nhng bn va tho lun tren viet th cho mtngi bn qua th v cc ni quy trong gia nh bnBi vit gi

Dear Ann,Today, I have something interesting to tell you. Its familys rules. Every

family has its own rules. Mine has a few. First, Im not allowed to natchTV until I have finished my homework. And when Im allowed to f out

jiw itii friends, I mustnt come home late. Second, everybody has to do theirshare of household chores. And mine are preparing meals and doing th*

washing (Gosh!). Third, my parents want me not to talk on the phono more- than ten minutes. Last but not least, I must ask for permission if I want to) lise our family motorbike. How about yours?

Love,Tuan

IB LANGUAGE FOCUSP ronuncia t ion

Lng nghe ri lp li.

/s/ /z/''

bats /baets/kits /kits/speaks /spi:ks/dates /deits/

photographs /T30t3gra:fs/

bags /bsegz/kids /kiz/speeds /spi:dz/days /de/halves /ha:vz/

Hy thc hnh c cc cu sau.Grammar

Exercise . Hy gch di th thch hp nht trong mi cu sau.

p n1. Have you seen 4. Did you give - saw 7. Did you meet. Did you enjoy 5. didnt listen3. was . Have you two met

Exercise 2. Hy xc nh-cu tr li no(A, B hoc C) thch hp nht vi mch trng r

p n 1. B 2. c 3. A 4. A 5. B . B . B . c 9. B10. c 11 . B 12. c 13. c 14. A 15. B

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CULTURAL DIVERSITY ( I g l o s s a r y (Bng t vng)

altar /'oiltar/ (n) [C]: a table where religious ceremonies are performed bn th banquet /'baegkwit/ (n) [C] ba tic ln blessing /'blesirj/ (n) [usu. sing.]: good wishes or approval li chc phc; s

ng h; s chp thunEx: They got married without their parents blessing. (H kt hn m khngnhn c li chc phc ca cha m hai bn.)

4. bride /braid/ (n) [C] c du cf. bridegroom; best man; bridesmaid'5. confide /kan'faid/ (v) [I]: to trust (in sb), especially by sharing secrets or

discussing private affairs tin tng; tin cyEx: I hope you know that you can always confide in me. (Ti mun bn bit

rng lc no bn cng c th tin tng ti.)- confidence /'kondans/ (n) [U]s tin tng; s tin cy

6. conical /'kDnikl/ (adj) (c) hnh nn. contractual /kntr$ktjusl/ (adj): of, or having the nature of, a contract bnggiao ko; theo tha thun

- contractually (adv). counterpart /'kaantpa: (n) [G]: a person or thing th at has the same position

or function as sb/ sth else in a different place or situation bn tng ng;i tc SYN opposite numberEx: The Foreign Minister held talks with his Chinese counterpart. (Bo

trng ngoi giao c nhng cuc m phnvi v tng nhimngi Trung Quc.)

9. determine /di 'ta.-mind/ (v) (fml)[T]: to discover the facts about sth; to calculatesth exactly xc nh SYN establishEx: An inquiry was set up to determine the cause of the accident. (Mt cuc

iu tr c tin hnh nhm xc nh nguyn nhn gy tai nn.)- determination /dijtarmi 'nei/n/ (n) [U/ C] s xc nh. diameter /dai'ffimitar/ (n) [C] (ton hc) ng knh cf. radius; circumference . groom /gru:m/ (n) [C] (bridegroom) ch r cf. bride; best man; bridesmaid. gross /greos/ (adj): very rude and unpleasant gm ghic13. Master of Ceremonies / ma:star V 'senmaniz/ (n) (abbr. MC): a persrn who

introduces guests or entertainers at a formal occasion ngi dn chni trnh14. meatball /'mi:bD:l/ (n) [C] tht vin15. oblige /s'blaid/ (v) [TJ (~ to do sth) [usu. passive]: to force sb to do sih, by

law, because it is a duty, etc. bt buc; cng bchEx: I felt obliged to ask them to dinner. (Ti buc lng phi mi h dng

ba ti.)obliged /a'blaidd/ (adj) bit n

NIT2: CULTURAL DIVERSITY 15



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-> obliging /a'blaictyi]/ (adj) Aerygip ngi khc; st sng SYN helpful16. precede /prisi;d/ (v) [T]: to happen, come or go before sb/ sth i trc;

n trcEx; The paragraph that precedes this one is unclear.

(on vn trc on ny khng r ngha.)precedence /'presidans/ (n) [U] quyn u tin SYN priority

17. reject /ri'dek (v) [T]: to refuse to accept or consider sth khc t; bc b;loi bEx: The plan was rejected as being impractical, (.K hoch y b bc b

v phi thc t.)reject /'r:dekt/ (n) [U/C] vt b i; ngi b loirejection /ri'djekfn/ (n) [U/C] s bc b; s loi b

18.rib /rib/ (n) [C]: a curved piece of wood, metal or plastic used to form,strengthen, or shape sth gng (, nn l ...)

19. rim /rim/ (n) [C]: an edge at the top or outside of sth that is round vnh; mp

20. romanticism /rao'masntisizam/ (n) [U] s lng mn21. sacrifice /'saekrifais/ (v) [T] (~ sth for sb/ sth): to give up sth important orvaluable so that you or other people can do or have sth else hy sinkEx: She is not willing to sacrifice her career in order to have children. (C

to khng mun hy sinh s nghip c con.)-> sacrifice (n) [U/C] s hy sinh; vt hy sinh. significantly /sig'nifikantli/ (adv): in a way th at has a particular meaning

c ngha c bit; quan trngEx: Significantly, he did not deny that there might be an election. (Quart

trng l ng ta khng ph nhn kh nng s c mt cuc bu c.)- significance /sig'nifikans/ (n) [U/C] ngha; s quan trng-> significant /sig'mfikn (adj) c ngha; y ngha23. stereo /'steriso/ (n) [C] (also stereo system) [C] my stereo24. strap /strap/ (n) [C] dy (da, la, vi ...); ai; quai25. tray /trei/ (n) [C] khay

II. GRAMMAR (Ng ph p)

The pronunciation of -ed(Cch pht m ui -ed)

C 3 cch pht m ui -ed ca ng t c quy tc th qu kh: //, /t/, /id/ // sau cc ph m hu thanh (voiced consonants): /b/, /g/, /mI, In/, /, /v/, /z/,

//, //, /dy, )/, v cc nguyn m a, e, i, o, u /t/ sau cc ph m v thanh (unvoiced consonants): //, /p/, /f/, /s/, ///, /tjy, /k/ /id/ sau /dv /tI

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R e v i e w o f t e n s e s

Tenses Forms Examples

Presentsimple

s + V (bare-inf.) + 0s + do/ does + not + V (bare-inf.) + 0Do/ Does + s + V (bare-inf.) +0

Do vou tro to Turkevevery year for yourholidays?

:Presentprogressive s + am/ is/ are + V-ing + 0s + am/is/ are + not + V-ing + 0Am/ Is/ Are + s + V-ing + 0

What are vou doing'?

Presentperfect

s + have/ has + V (past participle) + 0s + have/ has + not + V (past participle) + 0Have/ Has + s + V (past'participle) + 0

Prices have increasedby 7%.

Presentperfectprogressive

s + have/ has + been + V-ing + 0s + have/ has + not + been + V-ing + 0Have/ Has + s + been + V-ing + 0

Sorrv Im late. Have voubeen waiting- lone?

Futuresimple s + shall/ will + V (bare-inf.) +

Shall/'will + s + V (bare-mf;) + os + shall/ will + not + V (bare-inf.) + 0

In another thirteen minutes,the alarm wil sooff.

Futureprogressive

s + shall/ will + be + V-ing + 0s + shall/ will + not + be + V-ing + 0Shall/ Will + s + be + V-ing + 0

This time tomorrowIll be lvinfr on the beach.

Futureperfect

s + shall/ will + have + V (past participle) + 0s + shall/ will + not + have + V (past participle) + oShall/ Will + s + have + V (past participle) + 0

The builders say theyUhave finished the roofby Tuesday.

Futureperfectprogressive

s + shall/ will + have + been + V-ing + 0s + shall/ will + not + have + been + V'ing + 0Shall/ Will + s + have + been + V-ing + 0

Ill have been teachinefor twenty years thissummer.

Pastsimple

s + V (past tense) + 0s + did no didnt + V (bare-inf.) + 0Did + s + V (bare-inf.) + 0

I saw John yesterdaymorning.

Pastprogressive

s + were/ was + V-ing + 0s + were/ was + not + V-ing + 0Were/ was + s + V-ing + 0

What were VOdoinisr ateight oclock yesterdayevening?

Pastperfect s + had + V (past participle) + 0s + had + not + V (past participle) + 0Had + s + V (past participle) + 0

When I arrived at thepartv. Lucv had alreadyffone home.

Pastperfectprogressive

s + had + been + V-ing + 0s + had + not + been + V-ing + 0Had + s + been + V-ing + 0

At that time we had beenliving in the caravan forabout six months.

UNIT 2: CULTURAL DIVERSITY 17



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Present Perfect vs. Present Perfect Progressive-Present perfect nhn mnh s hon tt ca hnh ng; present perfectprogressive nhn mnh s tip din ca hnh ng.Ex: This country has: welcomed several hundred refugees from Kosovo in the

last few weeks..(Vi tun qua t nc ny tip nhn hng trm dn t nn Kosovo.).This country has been welcoming political refugees for mhy years.(t nc ny tip nhn t nn chinh tr nhiu nm nay.)

- Present perfect din t hnh ng ch xy ra int ln hoc mt s ln lpi lp li;present perfect progressive din t tnh lin tc ca hnh ng.Ex: She has played with the symphony orchestra 3 times this year. (Nm

nay c y chi trong dn nhc giao hng ba ln.)She has been playing with the symphony orchestra all year. (C y chi trong dn nhc giao hng sut nm.)

- Present perfectdin, t tnh trng thng xuyn;present perfect progressivedin t tnh trng tm thi.

Ex: People have eaten a lot less meat over the last twenty years or so.(Khong hn hai mi nm qua ngi ta rt t n tht.)People have been eating less meat recently because of the economiccrisis. (Gn y, v khng hong kinh t ngi ta t n tht.)

- Present perfect nhn mnh kt qu; present perfect progressive nhn mnhhnh ng. ' .Ex: Ive done the accounts here they are,

(Ti lm xong bng quyt ton y ny.)Ive been doing mv accounts all afternoon. (Ti lm bng quyt ton ,

sut bui chiu.)Future Progressive vs. Future Perfect+ Future Progressive thng c dng

- ni v mt hnh ng, s vic ang din ra ti mt thi im trongtng lai . . ;x: Dont phone between 7 and . Well be having dinner. (ng gi in

cho ti t 7' gi n gi. Chng ti ang n ti.)- ni v nhng s vic tng lai c hoch nh (tng t nh begoing to)

Ex: Will you be going away this summer? (H ny bn nh i chi xa h?)+ Future Perfect thng cdng ni v mt hnh ng, s vic s din ra

hoc kt thc trc mt thi im no trong tng lai.Ex: Were late. The film will already have started by the time we get to the

cinema. (Chng ta b tr ri. Lc chng ta n rap, chc chn phim chiu ri.)Fm confident that I will have finished the report before the end of theweek. (Nht nh, ti s hon tt bng bo co trc cui tun ny .)

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III. SOLUTIONS AND TRANSLATIONS (Bi gii v bi dch)

READINGBefore yo read

Lm vic theo cp. Hy tho lun cu hi sau: Nhn t no trong cc nhnt sau quyt nh cuc sng hnh phc? Ti sao?(Hoc sinh t tr li)

While you read



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, . confide in: tell sb about sth very private or secret. sacrifice: willingly stop having sth you want. obliged: having a duty to do sth


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" V. ; :V

r Task 2. Di y l mt s' nt c trng ca nn vn ha M. Lm victheo cp, hy-tho lun ri tm nhng nt tng ng ca vn ha Vit Nam.

;L p n gi & r T ~~A I T_ V .In America

Two generations (parents andchildren) live in a home.Old-aged parents live in nursinghomes.It is not polite to ask questionsabout age, marriage and income.Americans can greet anyone inthe family first.

Groceries are bought once a week.

Christmas and New Yearholidays are the most important.Children sleep in their own

bedrooms.

In Vietnam

Three or sometimes fourgenerations live under one roof.Elders live with children and aretaken care of by their sons.Asking about age, marriage andincome is acceptable.A Vietnamese greets the head ofthe family or an older person first,then the younger ones.Groceries are bought every day.

Tet (Lunar New Year) is the mostimportant.Children often sleep with theirparents.

Task 3. Lm vic theo nhm. Hy tho lun vnhng imtngng vkhc bit gia vn ha Vit Nam v M, dng nhng tho lun Task 2.

LISTENING

Before you listenLm vic vi mt bn. Hy tho lun cc cu hi sau.1. Bn d mt l ci bao gi cha?2. C du ch r thng lm g trong l ci?Lng nghe ri lp li.

groom /gru:m/Master of Ceremony /inccsterav 'seriiani/schedule /'Jedjurl/ancestor /'asnsestar/ blessing /'blesir)/

altar /'o.Itar/tray /trei/

bride /braid/banquet / ' b a e g k w i t /

While you listenw Task 1. Lng nghe on vn ri in vo cc thng tin cn thiu.

y TAPESCRIPTWedding in Vietnam

Tourist: Can you tel l me som ething about the wedding ceremony inVietnam?

Tourist guide: Well, wedding is very important to the Vietnamese, not only tothe couple involved, but also for both families. The wedding dayis usually chosen carefully by the grooms parents. ,

TIMT9-rm.TURAL DIVERSITY 21



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Tourist: What does the grooms family usually do on the wedding day?Tourist guide: On the wedding day, the grooms family and relatives go to the

brides house bringing gifts wrapped in red paper. The people whohold the trays of gifts are also carefully chosen.

Tourist: Do you have someone in charge of the ceremony? And what doeshe do during the wedding ceremony?

Tourist guide: Yes, we have a Master of Ceremonies who introduces the groom,the bride, the parents, the relatives and guests of the two families.The wedding ceremony starts in front of the altar. The brideand the groom would pray, asking their ancestors permission toget married. The Master of Ceremonies gives the wedding coupleadvice on starting a new family. The groom and the bride thenexchange their wedding rings.

Tourist: Where is the wedding banquet held?Tourist guide: Well, it depends. Often the wedding banquet is held at the groom

and brides home or at a hotel or a restaurant and all close

relatives, friends, and neighbours are invited.Tourist: What kind of food and drinks are served?Tourist guide: Traditional food and beer or wine are served. During the reception,

the groom, bride, and their parents stop by each table to thanktheir guests. The guests in return, will give envelopes containingwedding cards and money to the newly wedded couples alongwith their blessing.

Tourist: Oh. Thats very interesting. Thank you.Tourist guide: Youre welcome!

p n1. grooms parents 2. redpaper 3. altar4. at the wedding banquet 5. wedding cards/money

^ Task 2. Hy nghe li ri tr li cc cu hi sau.p n gi 1. The most important thing the grooms family has to do on the wedding

day is to go to the brides house bringing gifts wrapped in red paper.2. They would pray, asking the ir ancestors permission to getmarried.3. After they pray and ask their ancestors permission to get married.

4. The wedding banquet is usually held at the groom and brides home or ata hotel or restaurant.5. They stop by each table to thank their guests.

After you listenLm vic theo nhm. Hy tho lun cu hi: Cc gia nh thng chun

b g cho l ci?




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r WRITING


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GrammarExercise 1. Hy hon thnh on hi thoi vi hnh thc ng ca ng t

trong khung.p n gi 1. Have... seen; saw; am going to see. drank; have not drunk; drank3. has written; Did ... write; wrote4. have been cooking; cooked; cooked

Exercise 2. Hy khoanh ch ci (A, B, c hoc D) hon thnh on vn.- p n gi 1. c 2. A 3. c 4. A 5. c 6. A 7. c 8. A

Exercise 3. Hy hon tt bc th sau vi hnh thc thch hp ca ng ttrong ngoc.

p n gi 1. moved 5. study

. moved . will fail3. have asked 7. could talk4. have not stopped

WAYS OF SOCIALISING (C )

I. GLOSSARY (Bng t vng)

. absolute /'sebsalu.-t/ (adj) tuyt i; hon ton; thun ty; nguyn chtEx: $4,000 is the absolute maximum we can spend. (Chng ti ch c th chi

ti a l 4000 la.) I ;-> absolutely (adv)2. approach /a'prautf/ (v) [I]: to come near to sb/ sth in distance or time n

gn; tip cnEx: Winter is approaching. (Ma ng}ang n gn.)

-> approach (n) [sing.] s n gn; s li gn3. battleground /'betlgraon/ (n) [C] (also battlefield /'baetlfi-.ld/) chin trng4. chitchat /'tjit tjaet/ (n) [U] (infml): informal conversation about unimportant

matters cuc tn gu; cu chuyn phim SYN chatEx: "What did you talk about? "Oh, just chit-chat. (Cc bn ni chuyn g

th? ~ , ch ni chuyn phim thi.)-> chitchat (v) [I] (infml) ni chuyn phim; tn gu5. clap /klep/ (v) [I/ TJ v tay

Ex: Everyone clapped us when we went up to get our prize. (Mi ngi v tayhoan h khi chng ti bc ln nhn gii thng.)

. cue /kju:/ (n) [C]: an event, action, or statement that tells sb indirectlythatthey should do sth s ra hiu; u hiu




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decent /'di:snt/ (adj): acceptable to people in a particular situation lch s;tm tt; t chnh

discourtesy /dis'k:tsi/ (n) [U/C] s bt lch s; c ch khim nh do /du:/ (v) [I/T] (~ for sb/ sth): to be suitable or be enough for sb/ sth ; c

Ex: If you havent got a pen, a pencil will do. (Nu bn khng c bt mcth dng bt ch cng c.)

. duration /dju'reijn/ (n) (fml): the length of time that sth lasts or continueskhong thi gian (tn ti; tip din ...)Ex: The school was used as a hospital for the duration of the war. (Vao thi

chin, ngi trng y c dng lm bnh vin.) . gesture /'destjar/ (n) [U/C]: a movement that communicates a feeling or

instruction diu b; c ch. get through /get 'ru:/ (phr v): to make contact with sb by telephone lin lc

vi ai qua in thoiEx: I tried calling you several times but I couldnt get through. (Ti gi cho

bn my ln nhng khng c.). house-warming /'haos^ormiij/ (n) [C] tic tn gia14. informality /^nfoi'maetati/ (n) t]: the quality or state of being informal tnh

khng nghi thc- informal /in'fo:ml/ (adj) khng nghi thc; thn mt

informally (adv)15. instance /'instans/ (n) [C]: an example or case (of sth) th d; trng hp

Ex: In most instances the drug has no side effects. (Trong hu ht cctrng hp, loi thuc ny khng c tc dng ph.)

16. inte rpre t /in't:pri (v) [T] (~ sth as sth): to explain or understand themeaning of sth hiu (theo mt cch no )Ex: I didnt know whether to interpret her silence as acceptance or refusal.

(Ti khng bit nn hiu s im lng ca c ta l chp thun hay t chi.)interpretation /in^pri'teijh/. (n) [U/C] s hiu; cch hiu

17. jump up and down (IDM) (infml): to be very angry, excited, or enthusiasticrt gin, phn khch hoc hng hi

18. kid /kid/ (v) (infml) [I/ T] aSYN jokeyou must be kidding/ youre kidding (DM)'(infml): used to show that you arevery surprised at sth that sb has just said Bn khng a y ch?

19. nod/nvd/ (v) [I/ T]gt u20. non-verbal /nDn 'v3:bl/ (adj) [usu. before noun]: not involving words or speech

khng li; phi ngn.. otherwise /'Aawaiz/ (adv) nu khng th; ko

Ex: Shut the window, otherwise itll get too cold in here. (ng ca s liko lnh cng by gi.)

22. posture /'pDStJbr/ (n) [U/C] t th; dng v23. regards /n'ga:dz/ (n) [pl.] li chc; li cho hi; li thm hi

UNIT 3: WAYS OF SOCIALISING 2 5



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Ex: Give your brother my regards when you see him. (Cho ti gi li hithm anh tri bn.)

24. regulation ^regju'leijn/ (n) [C, usu. pl.] quy nh; quy tc; iu l25. sarcastic /sa:'kestik/'(dj) (also BrE infmlsarky /'s:ki/): showing or expressing

sarcasm ch nho; ma mai; chm bim-> sarcasm /'sa:kEzm/ (n) [U] cch ni ma mai, chm bim :> sarcastically (adv)

26. shan k of the evening /Jaegk 3V 3 'vrii]/ (IDM): the early p art of the eveningva mi ti; chng vng

27. slumped /sUmpt/ (adj) [not usu. before noun] (~ against/ over sth): sittingwith your body leaning forward, for example because you are asleep orunconscious ngi chi v pha trc

28. startling /'sta:tlig/ (adj): extremely unusual and surprising ng ngc nhin;gy sc I .

29. superior /su:'piariar/ (adj): thinking th at you are better than other peopletrch thng

- superiority /siK.pisri'orati/ (n) [UI s trch thng30. talk over /to:k aovar/ (phr v): to discuss sth'thoroughly, especially inorder to

reach an agreement or make a decision bn bcEx: Youll find it helpful to talk things over with a friend. (Bnsthy bn

bc mi vic vi mt ngi bn l vic nn lm.)31. turn up /t:n !Ap/ (phr v): (of a person) to arrive n; xut hin

Ex: Rachel knew that Ross would be very worried if she didnt turn UP.tRachel bit rang Ross s rt lo lng nu c khng n.)

32. verbal /'V:bl/ (adj): relating to words bng li; hu ngn

33. whistle /wisl/ (v) [I] hut so-> whistle (n) [C] ting ht so34. work out /W:k 'ao (phr v): to find the answer to sth tm ra li gii; gii

quyt SYN solve


Stress in two-syllable words(Trng m ca t hai m tit)

Syllable (m tit)m tit (syllable) l mt n v pht m ca t, thng gm mt nguyn

m v mt hoc nhi ph m. Trong ting Anh, mt t c th c mthoc nhiu m tit.Ex: da /dxd/ c 1 m tit

father /'fa:ar/ c 2 m tit grandfather /'grasnccKar/ c 3 m tit

Stress in two-syllable words (Trng m ca t hai m tit)




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5* a. Danh t: .

. trng m chnh thng ri vo m tit u khi m tit th hai cha mtnguyn m ngn.

Ex: candy /'kasndi/ kitchen /'kit/in/- trong m chnh thng ri vo m tit th hai n m tit th hai chamt nguyn m di v nguyn m trng m tit U; ngn hoc yu.

Ex: design /di'zdin/ canal /kanael/' b. ng t:

- trng m chnh thng ri vo m tit th hai nu m tit th hai cmt nguyn m di, mt nguyn m i hoc tn eng bng hai ph mtr ln.

r Ex: at tract /atraekt/ enjoy/indpi/ relax /ri'lasks/^ nu nguvn m i trong m tit th hai l /ao/ th trng m chnh thng

ri vo m tit th nhtEx; borrow /'bpre/ follow /'fDloo/

- trng m chnh thng ri vo m tit th nht nu m tit th hai chamt nguyn m ngn v kt thc vi khng qu mt. ph m.Ex: co nq ue r/'konka/ focus /'faokas/

c. Tnh t; ,- trng m chnh thng ri vo m ti t th nh t nu m ti t th hai l

mt nguyn m ngn hoc mt. nguyn xn ngn v kt thc vi khngqu mt ph m. :Ex: happy /'haepi/ special /'spe/ol/

- trng m chnh thng ri vo m ti t th hai nu m ti t th hai cmt nguyn m di, mt nguyn m i hoc tn cng bng hai ph mtr ln.Ex: polite /pa'Iait/ correc t /ko'rekt/

^ nu nguyn, m i trong m tit th hai l /ao/ th trng m chnh thngri vo m tit th nht.

- Ex: narrow /'nasrao/ 'Reported Speech (Li ni gin tip)

'4- S ta tem ents in re p o rte d sp eech (Cu trn thut trong li ni gin tip) i mt cu: trn thut t trc tip sang gin tip, chng ta cn c nhng

thay i sau:a. Dng ng t gii thiu say hoc tell. : .

Ex: H said (that) he would leave soon. (Anh ta ni rng anh ta s i sm.)He told me (that) he would leave soon. (Anh ta ni rng anh ta s i sm.)

b. i cc i t nhn xng, i t hoc tnh t s hu sao cho tng ng vich ng hoc tn ng ca-mnh chnh.

'



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'rcrDoi th ca ng t thnh th qu kh tng ng

I1IKECT SPEECH R EP O R TED S l Eh C I I

Present simpleTom said, I never eat meat. Present progressive

He said, Tm waiting for Ann.Present perfectShe said, Ive seen that film. Present perfect progressive

Andrew said, Ive been learning Chinesefor 5 years.Pas! simpleThey said,We came by car. Past.Progressive

He~ said, I was sitting in the park at 8'oclock.Future simple

Judy said, I ll phone you.Future progressive

He said, Ttbe playing golfat three oclocktomotrou,

ivfodal verbs+ Can ^She said You can sit here.+ May

Ciairc said,7 may go to Bah again+Must

Hemd,7 must finish this report.

Past simpleTorn said ht Ji bur ate meatPast progressive

He said, he was waxtmg.fEA&SRFl?mT"~''Past perfectShe said she had seen that film.Past perfect progressive

Andrew said he had been learning Chinesefor 5 years.Past simple/ Past perfectThey said they came/ had come by raiPast progressive/ Past perfect progressive

He said he was sitting/ had been 1 nn* i fIhmi uhethvr na t\ III dong t gii thiu ca mnh chnh. I f whether co ngha 'co k hon t'oi cau true cu hoi thnh cau tran thudt s + V

2 8 HNG-N ff c T O ni L N G ANH J - j g f



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z-gx:He asked me if/ whether I could speak any foreign languages.

WH - Questions (Cu hi Wh-)ficu hi Wh- c chuyn i nh sau:%' Dng cc ng t gii thiu ask, inquire, wonder, want to know.r Lp li t hi (what, when, where ..) sau dng t gii thiu.

i cu trc cu hi thnh cu trn thut: s + V- i i t, tnh t s hu, th ca, dng t v cc trng t ch thi gian,

ni

'/* ty-

/ -. He wanted to know what time the film began.Mt s trng hp khng thay i ng t trong li ni gin tip:

- ng t trong mnh d chnh th hin ti n (say/ says), hin ti tipdin (is/ are saying), hin ti hon thnh (.have/ has said) hoc tng lain (will say).Ex: Trevor says, Im' tired. - Trevor says (that) hes tired.

Has the taxi arrived yet? he is wondering.-> He is wondering if the taxi has arrived yet.

, - Li ni trc tip din t mt chn l hay mt thi quen hin ti.Ex: The teacher said, The earth moves round the sun.", -> The teacher said (that) the earth moves round the sun.- Li ni trc tip c cc ng t tnh thi could, would, should, might, ought

to, used to, had better.Ex: Tom said, You shouldnt contact her.

Tom said (that) I shbuidnt contact her.+Must c th c gi nguyn hoc i thnh had to.

-- R ep or ting offers, suggestions , orde rs, etc.

Li ha, li ng , mnh lnh, li ngh, li yu cu, li khuyn ... thngc thut li bng ng t nguyn mu c to (to-infinitive) hoc tn ng +dng t nguyn mu (object'+ t-infinitive). ,

Ex:He promised to write. (Anh y ha s vit th.)I advise VOI I to think again before you decide. (Ti khuyn bn nn ngh

__ li trc khi quyt nh.)* Mt s ng t gii thiu c theo sau bi object + to-infinitive: advise,- ask, beg, command, compel, encourage, entreat, expect, forbid, implore, instruct,

invite, order, persuade, recommend, remind, request, tell, urge, warn

UNIT 3: WAYS OF SOCIALISING 29

chon.

*-Sj + asked (+ object) + what/ when/... ... +S + V

He said, What time does the film begin?

Si + asked (+ object) + if I whether + S + V

He said, Can you speak any foreign languages?



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Ex: Dont swim out too far, boys, I said. I warned/ told the boys not toswim out too far,

* Mt s ng t gii thiu c theo sau bi to-infntive: agree, demand,guarantee, hope, offer, promise, propose, swear, threaten, volunteer, vowEx: She said: Ill take you to town. She offered to take me to town. (NOT

She offered mo to take .)Mnh that cng c th c dng sau: admit, advise, agree, insist, promise,

remind, suggest v warn.Ex: He promised (that) he would drive me to the airport. (Anh ta ha s a

ti ra sn bay.)Khng .dng to-infinitive sau mt s' ng t gii thiu nh advise, insist,order, say, suggest, etc:Dng that-elause. Ex: He suggested that I try the main car park. (NOT Ho suggested-me to try

Trong ting Anh thn mt chng ta c th dng say + to-infinitive trong culng thut.

Ex: Tim said to put the box on the table. (Tim bo t chic hp ln bn.)III. SOLUTIONS AND TRANSLATIONS (Bi g ii v bi d ch)

ili READINGBefore you read

] Nhng ngi trong tranh ang lm g?2. Bn s lm v/hoc ni g khi

mun thu ht s ch ca gio vin trong lp?mun hi ai iu g m ngi li ang bn ni chuyn vi mt ngi khc?

While you readHy c on vn ri lm cc bi tp bn di.Mun thu ht s ch ca mt ai c th tr chuyn vi h, chng ta c

Ii dng hnh thc giao tip bng li hoc khng li. Hy cng xem xt cchgiao tip khng li trong ting Anh. Cch ph bin nht thu ht s ch c l l vy tay. Th d, chng ta ang tham d mt ba tic n o th nhnt hy mt ngi bn xut hin ca cch khong mt, chng ta c thgi tay vy ra hiu rng chng ta nhn thy c y.Nhng trong tnh hung th ny th chng ta vy tay nh th no? Gi shn dang sn bay, bn nhn thy anh trai bn bc xung my bay ri i v

pha bn. Nu bn vui mng, bn c th nhy cng ln v vy tay r'i rt thu ht s ch ca anh y. Trong trng hp ny, cch giao tip khng linng nhit v gy ch c xem l thch hp.Tuy nhin trong mt s' tnh hung giao tip, cch giao tip khng li nh

nhng c xem l thch hp hn. Trong nh hng chng hn,, nu mun thuht s ch ca ngi phc v, chng ta c nhiu cch. Chng ta .c th in khi anh ta n gn, nhn anh ta ri kh gt u anh ta bit rng

.)




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chng ta mun anh ta n bn mnh. Hoc chng ta c th kh gi tay rai hiu rng chng ta cn c tr gip. Chng ta khng .hut so hay v tay

thu ht s ch c anh ta. Hnh vi y b coi l bt lch s hoc thmch ] th l.Trong hu ht cc tnh hung giao tip thn mt, c th kh vy tay. Th d,

riu bn gp thy hay c gio khi ang bng qua sn trng, bn c th khvy tay thu ht s ch ca thy c.Mt khi thu ht c s ch ca mt ngi bn, bn khng nn ch tr

ngi hoc vt m bn mun c y nhn. Mt ci gt u nh l . Ch trngi khc thng b xem l th l. Nhng d nhin l c nhiu khi hon tonc th chp nhn c vic ch tr, chhg hn nh khi mt gio vin mun thuht s ch ca mt ai trong lp hc. Gio vin y thng ch vo hc trni: David, em c cu tip theo i. Vic ch tr y khng b xem l btlch s; n gin ch l cch thu ht s ch ca mt ai .

Task 1. Hy tm nhng t ng ting Vit tng ng vi nhng t v cmt sau.

p n. verbal (bng li; hu ngn). non'verbal (khng li; phi ngn)3. attract someones attention (ihu ht s ch ca )

'. impolite (bt lch s)5. rude (th l). informality (thn mt; khng trang trng)7. approach (n gn; tip cn). a slight nod will do (mt ci gt du nh l )

y Task 2. Hy xc nh trong ba la chn sau, la chn nolta d thchhp nht ca bi c.A. Thu ht s ch : S ra hiuB. Thu ht s ch bng cch vy tayc. Nhng cch thu ht s ch thch hp nhtp n A. Attracting Attention: Non-verbal Cues

* Task 3. Hy tr li cc cu hi sau.1. Chng ta c th lm g khi mun thu ht s ch ca mt ai ?

When we want to attract someone's attention, we can use either verbal

or non-verbal communication.2 Nhng cch giao tip khng li no c xem l nng nh it v gy ch ?

They are strong actions that can easily be seen.3. Chng ta c th lm g nu mun thu ht s ch ca phc v bn?

If we want to attract the waiters attention, we can wait until he passesnear us, catch his eye, and nod slightly to let him know we would likehim to come to our table. Or we can raise our hand slightly to show thatwe need assistance.




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4. Nu bn ang bng qua sn trng th nhn thy thy/ c gio cabn, bn c th lm g thu ht s ch ca thy hoc c?If you are walking across the school yard and see your teacher approachingyou, you can use a small friendly wave to attract his or her attention.

5. Ti sao bn khng nn ch tr ngi hoc vt m bn mun mt bnkhc nhn khi bn thu ht c s ch ca ngi y?

Because pointing at someone is usually considered rude. After you read

Lm vic theo cp. Hy tho lun ngha ca vic hut so v v taytrong vn ha Vit Nam.

% SPEAKING* Task . Hy thc hnh c cc on hi thoi sau, ch n cch khen v

tip nhn li khen trong tng tnh hung.Compliments on appearance You look really nice tonight, Vicki!

- No, I dont! I look s awful as I feel!- Thank you, Robert. Thats a nice compliment.

Your new hairstyle is quite attractive, Cindy!/ Your new hairstyle is terrific,Cindy!/ Your hair looks nice!/ I just love your hair that way!/ I almostdidnt recognize you with your hair fixed that way. It looks great!

- Thanks, Gene. I think Ive finally found a style that looks decent and iseasy to handle.

- Do you really like it? I wasnt too sure about it yesterday when I had it done.- 1 hate it, Frank, I think it makes me look 10 years older!

Compliments on skills or talents Joe, your backhand is getting stronger every timeevery day, and Im

pleased you can see an improvement./ That was fun, Brian! You played agreat game!

- Do you really think so? Ive been practicing every day, and Im pleasedyou can see an improvement./ Thanks, Bashar.

- You must be kidding! I thought it was terrible!Compliments on work accomplished You did a fine job on the room, Mike. I dont think Ive ever seen it that clea

- Oh, it was nothing. Im glad I could help. You did a fine job on the report.- Thank you for saying so.

The dinner was delicious./ That was a great dinner. You must have spentall day cooking.

- Thanks. But it really only took an hour.- Youre too kind.

The cake was wonderful.- Thank you, Im gald you enjoyed it.

3 2 HNG DN HC TOT TING ANH 12



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Compl iments on possess ions

V Your new sweater is very pretty, Sue./ Those pants look lovely on you.- Thank you. My sister gave it/ them to me for m birthday.

Your house is lovely! I especially like what youve done to the front yard./Wow, this is really a nice place!

- Really? Thats nice of you to say so./ Aw, thanks, but itsreally nothing great. What a lovely home you have!- Why, thank you. Im so glad you could come.

Thats a beautiful belt!/ Thats a great sweater!/ Thats a beautiful dressyou have on!

- I appreciate the compliment./ Why, thank you. I just bought it yesterday./Oh, thank you. I just got it yesterday.

Your car drives great!- Thank you, Im glad you think so.

Task 2. Lm vic vi mt bn. Hy thc hnh khen tng sao cho ph hpvi li p li. Dng cc gi bn di.p n gi Situation 1David: Your new dress is very pretty, Kathy./ That dress looks lovely on

you, Kathy.Kathy: Im glad you like it: I bought it a t a shop near my house a few

days ago.Situation 2

Hung: Wow, your motorbike is terrific!Hien: Thanks, Hung. I think Ive finally found the colour th at suits me.Situation 3Michael: I thought your badminton game was a lot better today, Colin.Colin: You must be kidding! I thought the game was terrible.

Task 3. Lm vic theo cp. Hy thc hnh cch tip nhn nhng li khendi y.p n gi Situation 1

Phil: Youre a great dancer, Huong. I wish r could do half as we]] as you.You: (reject) Youve got to be kidding! Im an awful dancer!(accept) Thanks, Phil. Thats nice of you to say so, but sometimes Idont feel Im very good at all!

Situation 2Peter: I didnt know you could play the guitar so well, Toan. Your tune

was lovely!You: (reject) Youve got to be kidding! I though it was terrible!

(accept) Thanks, Pat. Im glad you enjoyed it.

UNIT 3: WAYSOF SOCIALISING 33



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Situation 3Tom: Your English is better than many Americans, Hanh. I really enjoy

your public speaking.You: (reject) You must be kidding! I thought it was terrible!

(accept) Thanks, Tom, but really, mines not so good. I make a lotof mistakes - like most people.

Task 4. Lr vic vi mt bn. Hy lm nhng on hi thoi thc

hnh khen v tip nhn li khen, dng nhng gi bn di.Bi ni gi Situation : mt i knh p- Thats 3. nice pair of glasses. Where did you buy it?- Oh, thank you. Its from that opticians down on Nguyen Trai Street.Situation : mt chic ng h mi t tin- Hey, I really like your new watch.- Oh, thanks. I just got it yesterday.

Situation 3: mt chic in thoi di ng mi- I do like your cell phone. Is it new?- Thank you. I got it for my birthday last week. ; Situation 4: mt i gi mang phong cch hin i- Your new shoes are nice, Lan.- I hate them, Tuan. I think they look kind of funny on my feet.Situation 5: mt chic o khoc hp thi trang- That jacket looks lovely on you, Hoa!- Thanks. I knew I had to have it the moment I saw it in the window.

0 LISTENING Before you listen Lm vic vi mt bn. Hy xem hnh ri tr li cu hi.

1. H ang lm g?Theyre on the phone.

2. Bn ngh h s ni g cho hi nhau?Hi./ Hello./ Hiens speaking.

3. Bn ngh h s ni chuyn g vi nhau?They might talk about a party, a picnic, a film and the like.

4. Bn ngh h s chuyn tr trong bao lu v ti sao?A few minutes. Cause they seem happy talking to each other.

Lng nghe ri lp li.marvelous /'mcr.vsas/ absolute /'aebs3lu:t/ in stalled /in'stD:ld/

argum ents /'argjamants/ maximum /'masksimsm/ ch itchat /'t jit tjaet/regulations ^regju'.leijnz/ object /'abctykt/ sta rt ling /'startlir)/




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fr While you listen- Task 1. Linda Cupple,, mt nh hot ng x hi, t v'n cho thanh

nin v cch thc s dng in thoi trong gia nh. Hy lng nghe bini chuyn ca b ri xc nh xem cc cu sau l ng (T) hay sai (F).

TAPE SCRIPTThe Telephone - Potential Family Battleground

Hello, everyone. In todays talk Im going to give you some pieces of advice onhow to use the telephone in the most decent way so as to avoid unnecessarydisagreements between you and members of your family.The telephone, as you know, is a marvelous instrument, but it may cause

arguments between you and your parents - arguments that could be easilyavoided if you would sit down, talk it over, and agree to a few simple regulations.The most obvious problem, of course, is what everyone considers a reasonable

length of time for a call. The exact duration must be worked out with yourparents, but ten minutes should be an absolute maximum. Thats certainly longenough to say almost anything in five different ways, and yet it isnt so longthat other members of the family will become angry. Even when your parentsare out, the length of your call should be limited, because they, or someone else,may be trying to reach your home for a very important reason.Calling hours should be agreed upon. If your parents object to your leaving the

dinner table to take calls, tell your friends to avoid calling at that hour; ifsomeone does phone, ask him to call back, or offer to call him when dinners over.A serious calling problem is calling very late at night, or very early in the

mornings. This particular mistake is made mostly by young people who consider or pm, when a lot of tired adults are happily sleeping, the shank of the

evening. So please tell your friends liot to call after ten oclock. The shock ofwaking out of a sound sleep and the fright of that instant thought - Theresan accident - are enough to give your parents a heart attack.Weekend morningcalls arent so startling, but its the one time your parents can sleep late.If your mother and father, out of kindness, have installed a separate phone for

you, remember that youre still a member of a family. So try to stick to yourfamilys regulations.Thats all for my talk today. Thank you for listening.

p n 1. T 2. F .3. T 4. F 5. F . T

' Task 2. Hy nghe li mt phn bi ni chuyn ca b Linda Cupple riin vo nhng t cn thiu.p n1. agreed 2. to avoid 3. particular 4. adults .5. waking . heart 7. kindness . to stick

After you listenHy nghe ii ln na. Tm tt bi ni chuyn ca b Linda Cupple, bt

u nh sau:




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In this talk Ms Linda Cupple gives us some pieces of advice on how to usethe telephone in the family. The first is to work out a reasonable ...

* WRITINGTask 1. Hy dng nhng t sau vit cu. C th thay i hnh thcca ng t (nhng khng c thm hoc bt i mt t no cho).p n gi

1. There are many ways to tell someone goodbye, and most of them dependon the situation at hand.

2. However, there is one rule that all situations observe: We seldom saygoodbye abruptly.

3. In English it is necessary to prepare a reason for our departure.4. We lead into the farewell by saying something pleasant and thoughtful

like I've really enjoyed talking to you.5. We might also say something relating to the time like Gosh, I cant

believe how late it is! I really must be going!

Task 2. Hy sp xp cc cu thuc ha on di y theo th t ng.Hy vit on vn c sp xp li vo khong trng cho sn.Paragraph 1p an 1. c 2. E 3. A 4. B 5. D1. It is difficult to write rules that tell exactly when you should apologize,

but it is not difficult to learn how.2. If we have done something to hurt someones feeling, we apologize.3. An apology indicates that we realize weve made a mistake, and were

sorry for it.

4. It s a way of expressing our regret or sorrow for something.5: When we apologize,we admit our wrongdoing or discourtesy, usually a

reason for it, and express regret.Paragraph 2p an 1. c 2. E 3. B 4. A 5. D1. The simplest way to apologize is to say Im sorry.2. Lets take a common situation. Tom is late for class and enters the

classroom3. What does he do? The most polite action is usually to take a seat as

quietly as possible and apologize later.4. But if the teacher stops and waits for him to say something, he could

apologize simply Im sorry Im late, ask permission to take his seatand sit down.

5. Naturally, more than this is needed, but it is not the time for it becauseit has already caused, some interruption and doesnt need to make itany longer.




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LANGUAGE FOCUSpronunciation

Lng nghe ri lp li.attract /s'traskt/suppose /sa'paoz/walking /'wD.-krg/

signal /'sign]/student /'stju.'dsnt/

police /pa'li:s/

discuss /'diskAs/waving /'weivirj/

pointing /'pointir)/

instance /'instans/polite /pa'lait/between /bi'twirn/

Hy thc hnh c cc cu sau.GrammarExercise 1. Tun trc bn gp Thun, mt ngi bn lu ngy khng

gp. Hy xem danh sch nhng iu bn y ni vi bn ri k li vimt bn khc. Dng li ni gin tip.

p n gi . Thuan said he was going to work in Ho Chi Minh City next July.2. Thuan said he worked for a big company.3. Thuan said he was their marketing manager.4. Thuan said the company bad opened n office in Ho Chi Minh City.5. Thuan said it had been very successful.. Thuan said he had been chosen to run an office in District 5.7. Thuan asked me how long I had been learning English.. Thuan said he didnt have much time to enjoy himself.9. Thuan hoped I would come and visit him in Ho Chi Minh City.10. Thuan hoped he would be successful in Ho Chi Minh City.

Exercise 2. Lan ang gin Tng. Tun c gip h lm lnh vi nhau vthuyt phc Lan h Tng. Hy c on hi thoi sau ri hon tt on hithoi gia Tun vi Tng.

p n. she didnt want to talk to you. was upset . was not interested

4. had promised to go to the cinema5. hadnt turned up. didnt want to see you7. she didnt believe you had tried

. she would talk to you later9. she had to go otherwise she would be late for school




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TEST YOURSELF A

I. Listening (2.5 points)

Lng nghe bi c v s thay i trong gia nh cc nc phng Ty tronghai th k qua ri xc nh xem nhng cu sau y l ng (T) hay sai (F).

0 TAPESCRPT

Families in the Western world have changed greatly during the last twocenturies. Social scientists say that this change in the family is one of theimportant changes from a traditional society to a modern society.Before the 19th century, families usually arranged marriages for their children.

Young people did not decide who they wanted to marry. After they got married,they usually had a lot of children. In the 19th century, most young people couldchoose the person they wanted to marry. A marriage joined two people and nottwo families. Two people could get married because they loved each other, not

just because their families wanted them to marry. At the same time, parentsbegan to realize th t they had to take very good care of their children. Beforethis, most people did not go to school. The family members all worked togetherat home. Later, people realized that education was necessary for a good life.Today many parents think that they should have fewer children so they can

give each one a good life. They think it is important for mother and a fatherto spend as much time as possible with their children. They think parentsshould take care of their health and try to give them an. education. Home isseen as a safe, warm place for all the family members.

p n 1. T 2. F 3. F 4. T 5. T

II. Reading (2.5 points)

Hy c on vn ri tr li cu hi.Chng ta c th giao tip khng ch qua li ni m cn qua ngn ng c ch.

Ngn ng c ch bao gm t th, nt mt, v c ch ca chng ta. V ngn ngc ch rt quan trng, chc chn l bn mun bit ngn ng c ch ca bnang cho bit iu g cng nh cch hiu ngn ng c ch ca ngi khc. Diy l mt s' v d v ngn ng c ch v ngha ca n. Nu bn ngi so vai,ci u, iu ny c th c ngha l bn ang bun hoc thiu t tin. Nu tth ca bn ngay ngn v thoi mi, tc bn ang t ra t tin v thn thin.

N ci l du hiu biu hin s thn thin v quan tm. Nhng ngi ta i

khi mm ci ch v lch s. bit thm mt thng tin na trn giig mtngi ta, hy nhn vo mt h. S thn thin v quan tm c biu l khinh mt ca mt ai bt gp nh mt bn, h nhn i ni khc ri li nhnvo mt bn. Ngi no khng nhn i ni khc tc ang t ra thch thc.

Ngi no khng nhn bn tc ang biu l s lnh m. hoc rt r. Nhng cng ca bn tay c th c ngha l ngi rt vui khi ni chuyn. Nhngnhng c dng lp i lp li - chng hn gvit ch hoc nhp nhp chn- thng c ngha l ngi st rut hay lo u. Hy trnh xa ngi no ch




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r bn trong khi tr chuyn vi bn: Ngi y c th ang tc gin hxem mnh l bc b tru ca bn.

. Chng ta c th giao tip bng cch no?We cn communicate not only through words but also through body language.

2. Nhng loi ngn ng c ch no c cp n?They are our posture, facial expressions, and gestures.

3. Nu bn ngi so yai, ci u, diu y c th c ngha g?If your posture is slumped and your head is down, this could mean thatyou are sad or you lack confidence.

4. Lm sao bn bit c mt ngi ang t ra thch thc, lnh m hay rt r?A person who doesnt look away is expressing a challenge. A person whodoesnt look at you is expressing lack of interest or is shy.

5. Ti sao bn nn trnh x ngi n ch tr bn khi ang chuyn tr v bn?Because that person might be angry at you or feel superior to you.

III. Grammar (2.5 points)

A. Hy khoanh cu tr li ng (A, B, c hoc D) hon thnh bc th sau.(1.5 im)p n l. c 2. D 3. B 4. A 5. B 6. D

B. Hy hon thnh cu sao cho ngha ging vi ngha ca cu trc.. Lan aske John what he had done before working for that company.. Bill promised to come to see me the next Sunday.3. Tom apologized for not ringing me earlier.4. Miss White thanked Peter for giving her the present.

IV. Writing (2. 5 points)

Hy vit mt l th khong 150 t cho mt ngi bn qua th, k vi bn yv gia nh bn. Dng nhng gi bn di.

Dear Lan,How are you? Ive just finished all exams. Its great! And my family are

going to Tuan Chau island this weekend. Do you want to join? You know, myfamily has four members. My parents, my brother and me. My fathers adoctor and my mother is a teacher. They are quite young in their fourties. Myfathers names Bob, but we usually call him Big Bob. My mothers names

Lily, you know, the name of a very beautiful kind of flower. My brothersname is Tom. And he is ...just like me.We are-twins! We are a very close-knitfamily and very supportive of one another. In my family, everybody has to dotheir share of household chores. The interest our family members share closelyis telling jokes. Im sure if you join us, youllhave a niceweekend.Im looking forward to hearing from you.Love,

TEST YOURSELF A 39



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UNIT 4 ] SCHOOL EDUCATION SYSTEM( )

I. GLOSSARY (Bng t vng)

. academic /, asks' demik/ (adj) [usu. before noun] thuc (s ging dy hoc hctp ) nh trng

. boarding school /'bDrdirj sku:l/ (n) [C] trng ni tr cf. day school3. certificate /sa'tifikat/ (n) [C]: an official document proving th at you have

completed a course of study or passed an exam giy chng nhn; chng chi4. childcare /'tjaildkesr/ (n) [U]: care for children provided by eith er the

government, an organization or a person, while parents are at work or areabsent for another reason vic trng tr

5. compulsory /ksm'pAlssri/ (adj): that must be done, by law, rules, etc. bt bucSNmandatory; obligatory OPP non-compulsory; voluntary; optionalEx: It is compulsory for all motorcyclists to wear helmts.

(Tt c nhng ngi i xe gn my u phi i m bo him.)- compulsorily (adv). core/ko:r/(adj) quan trng; chnh; ch yu-> core subjects (n) [pi.]: subjects that all the students have to study nhng

mn bt bucI. curriculum /ks'rikjalam/ (n) [C] (pi. curricula /karikjab/ or curriculums): the

subjects that are included in a course of study or taught in a school, college,etc. chng trnh, ging dy cf. syllabusEx: Spanish is on/ in the curriculum. (Ting Ty, Ban Nha c trong chng

trnh ging dy .)8. disruptive /dis'rAptiv/ (adj): causing problems, noise, etc. so that sth cannot

continue normally quy ph9. for short /f:r Jb:t/ (IDM): as a short form vit tt

Ex: Shes called Diana, or Di for short.(Tn c y Diana, hoc vit tt Di.)

GCSE /^ : si: es 'i:/ (n) [U/C]: a British exam taken by students in Englandand Wales and some other countries, usually around the age of 16. GCSEcan be taken in any of a range of subjects (abbr. for General Certificate of

Secondary Education) chng ch gio c ph thng trung hc . get on /get w (phr v) (alsoget along):, used to talk or ask about how well sb

is doing in a particular situation tin bEx: Hes getting on very well at school. ( trng, n hc rt tin b.)

12. go through /gau 10ru:/ (phr v): to carefully read or discuss sth, to check that itis correct and acceptable xem xt; tho lun

13. good for you / (god far 'ju:/ (IDM) (infml): used to praise sb for doing sth wellmng cho anh

/




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. half term /ha:f 't3:nti/ (n) [C] k nghi gia hc k15. kindergarten /'kinds^a.-tn/ (n) [C] mu gio cf. nursery. make up /meik 'a/ (phr v): to form sth to thnh; chim SYN constitute17. methodical /m3'0Ddtkl/ (adj): (of a person) doing things in a careful and

logical way c phng php; cn thn SYN disciplined. mid- /mid/ (prefix): (in nouns and adjectives) in the middle of gia

. nursery /'n:sari/(n) [C] nh tr20. on the whole /Dn haol/ (IDM): considering every thing; in generalnhn chung

. optional /'psnl/ (adj): that you can choose to do or have if you want to ty ;t chn; khng bt buc SYN non-compulsory; voluntary OPP compulsory

- option /'npfn/ (n) [U/C] s la chn; iu c chn. parallel /'p$relel/ (adj): very similar or taking place at the same time song

song; tng t; ngang hng23.public school /,pAb]ik 'sku:l/ (n) [U/C] (in Britain, especially in England)

trng t cf. independent school; private school; public school24. run /rAn/ (v) [I]: to continue for a time ko di

Ex: The academic year in Vietnam runs from September to May.(Nm hc Vit Nam ko di t thng Chn n thng Nm.)

25. schooling /'sku:lig/ (n) [U]: the education you receive at school s gio dc nh trng

26. stage /steidy (n) [C]: a separate part that a process, etc. is divided intogiaion SYN phase

27. state school /'steitsku:l/ (n) (BrE) (NAmEpublic school) trng cngcf. private

school; public school28. struggle /'strAgl/ (n) [sing.] n lc ln SYN effort29. tearaway /'tearawei/ (n) (BrE, infml)-.a young person who is difficult to control

and often does stupid, dangerous and/ or illegal things k ng ngc30. well-behaved /,wel bl'heiv/ (adj): behaving in a way that other people think

is polite or correct c hnh kim tt; c gio dcdanh t ringPennsylvania./ pensiJ'veinia/.(n) tn mt tiu bang min ng bc Hoa K


Stress in three-syllble words(Trng m ca t ba m tit)

a. Danh t:- trng m thng ri vo m tit u nu m ti t th ba cha mt nguyn

m ngn v m tit th hai cha nguyn m ngn v tn cng vi khngqu mt ph m.Ex: industry /'indastri/

envelope /'envalaop/

UNIT 4: SCHOOL EDUCATION SYSTEM 4 1



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- trng m thng ri vo m tit th hai nu m tit cu cng cha nguyn m ngn hoc ho/ v m tit th hai cha mt nguyn m dihoc mt nguyn m i hoc tn cng bng hai ph m tr ln.

Ex: mimosa /mi 'msozs/ potato /ps'teitao/convenience /ksn'vnnians/

b. Tnh t: cng ging nh danh t c ba m tit.c. ng t:- trng m thng r vo m tit th hai nu m tit cui cha mt nguyn

m ngn v kt thc vi khng qu mt ph m.Ex: encounter /in'kaontar/ determine /i't:min/

- trng m thng ri v m tit th ba nu m tit ny cha mt nguynm di hoc mt ngiyn m i hoc tn cng bng hai ph m tr ln.Ex: entertain /^enta'tem/ correspond ^kora'sptsnd/

Passive voice (Th b ng)

Present simple: am/ is/ are + V (past participle)

Ex: This room is cleaned every ay. (Phng ny c lau dn hng ngy.) Present progessive: am/ is/ are + being + V (past participle)

Ex: I think we are being followed. {Ti cho rng chng ta ang b theo di.)

Present perfect: have/ has + been + V (past participle)Ex: The concert has been cancelled. (Bui ha nhc b hon.)

Past simple: was/ were + V (past participle)Ex: I wsnt invited, but I went anyway. (Khng c mi nhng ti vn c i.)

Past progressive: was/ were + being + V (past participle)

Ex: I felt as if I was being watched. (Ti c cm gic l mnh ang b theo di.) Past perfect: had + been + V (past participle)

Ex: I knew why I had been chosen. {Ti bit ti sao ti c chn.)

Future simple: will/ shall + be + V (past participle)Ex: Your life will be changed by this book. (Cuc i bn s thay i nh

cun sch ny.) Future perfect: will + have + been + V (past participle)

Ex: Everything will have been done b

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HƯỚNG DẪN HỌC TỐT TIẾNG ANH 12 BIÊN SOẠN 2008 CHƯƠNG TRÌNH MỚI - MAI LAN HƯƠNG