EDUC 8841 Diffusion & Integration of TechnologyFall 2010Charity Marcella MoranWalden University

Tablet product in Apple’s line of i-technology

Maneuverable with fingersPortrait or Landscape stylePhoto, movie, music, calendar, maps

and contact applications iPhone educational applications

apply to iPad

Economic feasibility and sustainability Upkeep, maintenance and initial

purchase

iPad will allow teachers and students access

iPad inspires revolutionary creativity

Technology gap between laptops & mobile phones

Need to blend all the recent advancements in modern computing into one product: Style & luster OS X iPod iPhone Gestures

Apple developed a solution to this problem Findings:

Create a larger platform with support for a variety of Gestures

Bring all the computing benefits of the iPhone with similar portability

Lead Thinkers: Steve Jobs How’d convince Manufacturers?

Steve Jobs’ unrelenting character and the Apple brand’s tremendous success with iPods and iPhones overwhelmingly convinced manufacturers.

Problems encountered: Overheating, weak Wi-Fi signals All are normal shaking out process of a

hardware launch Have dissipated over time new

software in April on iPad2 Intended Market for the iPad:

New & existing Apple owners On-the-go learners of all ages

Retrieved From: http://www.ipadforums.net/apple-ipad-news/9067-90-percent-intended-ipad-buys-will-existing-apple-owners.html

<-- 1993----------------------1998----------------1999------------------2001------------------2007---------------------2009-------------------------2010----------->

Newton Message Pad

Pen Lite PowerBook Duo; Message Pad Discontinued

Message Pad 2100 Discontinued

iPod introduced

Desktop version of Mac OS X

iPhone; touch-screen interface (iOS); Gestures gain mainstream exposure

Steve Jobs announces the iPad

1st Version of Mac OS X

Mac OS 10.6 released

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Gestures

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Developed by Apple, Incorporated The iPad is similar in function to an iPod

touch, with four times the display area Audience:

Home theater buffs Frequent travelers Prospective Amazon Kindle Owners Older Generations

▪ Simple OS▪ Physical Interaction via Gestures

Production is in Shenzhen, China at Foxconn

Manufacturing is not available; Apple does not disclose this information

Marketing: Initial distribution in US, 3-4 months later in other countries Initial prices will become lower as time passes and more

improved models become available Will be marketed as stage for portable books, pictures,

movies, music & web access

V. Confirmation: The board will review the decision

IV. Implementation: The iPad will be put to use

III. Decision: When the

board decides to utilize

the iPad, based on experiences and observations.

II. Persuasion: It is hoped that board will form a favorable attitude to the iPad

I. Knowledge: Individual board members know via various routes

Prior Conditions:

1. Previously, educators have used textbooks, desktops, & laptops.

2. Problems are: heavy texts, lack of portability & user-ability of desktops & laptops

3. iPad offers solutions to the problems mentioned above.

4. Norms are moving to students/learners/teachers that are well familiar with the i-technology.

Characteristics of the Decision-Making Unit:

SES: upper to middle class

Various personality traits/types

Communications occur via various variables; face to face, email, telephone, letter by mail

Perceived Characteristics of the Innovation:

iPad is extremely advantageous for reasons already mentioned; compatibility is great to current users and future users; iPad is easily observable in current classrooms as well as on Internet

iPad was introduced on April 3, 2010

Sales by June were 2 million

As of October 15, 2010, Apple reports massive increases in sales & profits, due to iPad release

Product is quickly being adopted

This data indicates that the iPad has not reached complete market saturation.

Because of high demands in the United States market, International sales were pushed back to a later date.

It is project that sales and thereby the % of penetration of the iPad will grow exponentially next year.

Maximum Innovation has not been reached yet and yet to come soon.

Computer science teachers and educational technology teacher leaders

Administrators and few students who are currently utilizing the iPad in an educational capacity.

Early Adopters: teachers, administrators, and students

▪ already familiar with the iTechnology offered by Apple

WHO ARE THEY?

Teachers, administrators, etc. currently rejecting technology

Typically 20 years experience or more

HOW DO WE ENCOURAGE THEM? Direct assistance Demonstrations/

Modeling Training Support Peer Pairings with

Innovators & Early Adopters

What is Critical Mass?

Relative Advantage

Observability

All share in the decision making and innovation process

Students & Teachers Trialability

Roles of change Agents: Develop a need for change Establish an information exchange relationship Diagnose problems Create an intent to change Translate an intent into action Stabilize adoption and prevent discontinuance Achieve a terminal relationship

Not reached yet

Incentives

“A self-sustaining critical mass will occur when enough individuals adopt the innovation” (Rogers, 2003, p. 313)

Champions are necessary

Highlights of the following article:http://chronicle.com/article/The-End-of-the-Textbook-as-We/125044/

http://chronicle.com/article/The-End-of-the-Textbook-as-We/125044/

http://www.ipadforums.net/apple-ipad-news/9067-90-percent-intended-ipad-buys-will-existing-apple-owners.html

Rogers, E. M. (2003). Diffusion of innovations (5th ed.). New York, NY: Free Press.