IMYANDIKO MFASHANYIGISHO … · wigisha abana b’u Rwanda ururimi kavukire bakamenya ikinyarwanda koko, bakagikunda kandi bakagisobanukirwa ku buryo bwose ni umugambi igihugu gikomeyeho

IKINYARWANDA

IMYANDIKO MFASHANYIGISHO

INDIMI N’UBUVANGANZO

Igitabo Cy’umunyeshuri

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ISHAKIRO

ISHAKIRO ........................................................................................................................... iii

ABANDITSE IKI GITABO ....................................................................................................... v

IRIBURIRO .......................................................................................................................... vi

INKURU NGUFI: UMWAMI NA SEMUHANUKA ............................................................................................. 1

INKURU NDENDE: UTAZI UBWENGE ASHIMA UBWE .......................................................... 2

IZINA RY’URUSOBE/ UMWANDIKO: AMASANO MU MURYANGO NYARWANDA ................ 6

IMIGANI MIGUFI: UMUSAZA N’ABANA BE BAGANIRA........................................................ 7

IBISINGIZO: NUGURURIYE INYANGE ................................................................................... 8

UMWANDIKO KUMAZINA Y’AMATIRANO: MUNYESHURI AGIYE KUJYA KU ISHURI .......... 13

URWENYA ......................................................................................................................... 14

IBYUNGO/UMWANDIKO: NGIYE KU ISHURI ...................................................................... 15

IBISIGO BY’UBUSE ............................................................................................................. 16

BARYOHEWE UBUDASIGAZA ............................................................................................ 17

ITONDAGURANSHINGA: SEMUGISHA AVUYE KU ISHURI.................................................. 21

INDIRIMBO : MUTIMA UKEYE ........................................................................................... 23

RWANDA NZIZA ................................................................................................................ 26

UMWANDIKO KU TUREMAJAMBO TW’INSHINGA ............................................................ 28

ISHINGIRO N’AMAHAME REMEZO KU BURENGANZIRA BWA MUNTU ............................. 30

UMWANDIKO KU MISOZO Y’INSHINGA ITONDAGUYE ..................................................... 34

UMWANDIKO KU MIHEKANIRE Y’AMAJWI ....................................................................... 35

AMAZINA Y’INKA .............................................................................................................. 36

2. IMITWE Y’INKA. ........................................................................................................... 38

UBUSHYO BW’INYAMBO Z’INGEGENE BWABAGA BWARAVUKIYE RIMWE. .................... 45

AMAZINA Y’ABISI .............................................................................................................. 48

Inyambo zibyaye uburiza umwiisi aziha INCUTSO ............................................................ 50

Izina ry’UMUZINGE, Iyo Inyambo zibyaye ubuheta .......................................................... 51

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IKINYARWANDA : IMYANDIKO MFASHANYIGISHO - IGItABO CY’UMUNYeSHURI

URUGERO RW’IZINA RY’INKA ........................................................................................... 52

UMWANDIKO KU BURINGANIRE N’UBWUZUZANYE ........................................................ 77

INSHOBERA MAHANGA .................................................................................................... 81

IKINAMICO:” NAWE NI UMWANA NK’ABANDI. ” .............................................................. 85

INYIGANA N’UTUMAMO .................................................................................................. 93

IBITEKEREZO BY’INGABO: RUGANZU NDORI NA RYANGOMBE ........................................ 94

UMWANDIKO KU GUKEMURA MAKIMBIRANE SENTAMA YUNGA ABATURANYI ............. 96

IMPAKA ............................................................................................................................. 98

UMUVUGO: BIRADUSABA UBUSHAKE ............................................................................. 99

UMWANDIKO KU MUCO N’AMATEKA Y’URWANDA ....................................................... 106

UMWANDIKO KU ITONDAGURANSHINGA: INEZA Y’UMUSHYITSI .................................. 108

AKAMARO KO KWIGA: Umwandiko ku ikomoranshinga. ............................................... 109

UMWANDIKO KURI SIDA: SIDA NTA MUTI NTA RUKINGO .............................................. 111

UMWANDIKO KU MARANGAMUTIMA: UMWANA UTEYE IMBABAZI ............................. 116

IBIDUKIKIJE: AKAMARO K’AMAZI .................................................................................... 117

UMWANDIKO KU IYIGA NTERURO: AKAZI KO MU RUGO ............................................... 121

UMWANDIKO KU MUCO W’AMAHORO .......................................................................... 122

IHANGAMWANDIKO ....................................................................................................... 123

URUGERO RW’IHANGA MWANDIKO: SIDA NI INZITIZI Y’ITERAMBERE. ........................ 124

IBYIVUGO BY’IMYATO: ICYIVUGO CYA KIGERI IV RWABUGIRI ......................................... 125

INYANDIKO Z’UBUTEGETSI.............................................................................................. 128

BIMWE MUBITABO N’INYANDIKO BYIFASHISHIJWE ....................................................... 135

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ABANDITSE IKI GITABO

MUGENGANA Mikayire : Ishuri rikuru nderabarezi ry’i Kigali,

Ishami ry’indimi n’ubugeni.

HINGABUGABO Gasipari : Ishuri rikuru nderabarezi ry’ i Kigali, ishami

ry’indimi n’ubugeni

MAHORO Noheri : Ishuri rikuru nderabarezi ry’i Kigali

Ishami ry’indimi n’ubugeni.

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IRIBURIRO

Kwigisha abana b’u Rwanda ururimi kavukire bakamenya ikinyarwanda koko, bakagikunda kandi bakagisobanukirwa ku buryo bwose ni umugambi igihugu gikomeyeho. Kugirango ibyo bigerweho, ni ngombwa ko abigisha ikinyarwanda

bagira umwete n’ubushobozi, bakagira integanyanyigisho, inyoborabarezi namabwiriza mbonezamasomo anonosoye. Ni ngombwa kandi ko umwarimu n’umunyeshuri bagira imfashanyigisho zose bakenera, haba mu isomo ry’ikinyarwanda ubwaryo, cyangwa se mu myitozo iriherekeza.

iki gitabo kigenewe umunyeshuri wiga mu mwaka wa gatanu w’amashuri yisumbuye ishami ry’indimi n’ubuvanganzo gakondo. Kirimo inyigisho ijyanye n’integanyanyigisho yo muri Gashyantare 2010. Hagaragajwe ko kwiga ikinyarwanda bifite uruhare rukomeye muguhamya umunyarwa udafite isoni n’ubwoba bw’umuco we kandi utisuzugura.

Iki gitabo gifite intego yo gufasha umunyeshuri gushimangira ubunyarwanda, ashyikirizwa ibyo abakurambere bahanze, bakabisigira umunyarwanda wese ho umurage, bityo akiga ikinyarwanda n’ibyo kibumbatiye. Harimo uko giteye, ubugeni bukirimo, umuco n’imyumvire y’abanyarwanda, akigenga mu miterere yacyo no mu bwiza bwacyo.

Iki gitabo gikubiyemo nimyandiko ku kwirinda SIDA, kwita ku budikikije, gusobanukirwa n’uburinganire, guharanira uburenganzira bwa muntu n’ubw’umwana muri rusange, gukunda igihugu no kwimakaza umuco w’amahoro.

Tuboneyeho gushimira kandi abagize uruhare mu itegurwa ry’iki gitabo ndetse n’abahanzi bemeye ko ibihangano byabo bikoreshwa kugirango abana b’u Rwanda bashobore kubona imfashanyigisho ziboneye.

Ntidushidikanya ko iki gitabo kizaba inzira izageza abarezi n’abarerwa ku ntego zose ziteganyijwe.

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INKURU NGUFI: UMWAMI NA SEMUHANUKA

Semuhanuka yagiye guhakwa. Bukeye abona agasozi kari gateganye n’urugo rw’Umwami, kakabuza abantu kureba ibituruka kure. Semuhanuka araza abwira Umwami ati “urampe inka y’ingumba maze nzagukurireho kariya gasozi”. Umwami ati” ntuzabishobora”. Undi ati” nyoroshya mpa ibyo umpa maze uzirorere”. Umwami amuha inka, Semuhanuka acaho aragenda. Bimaze kabiri, Semuhanuka aza yakenyeye bya gasurantambara, yitwaje ikibando, yikoreye ingata nini ifashe ku mutwe wose, araza n’i bwami ahasanga abantu benshi, abwira Umwami ati” mbwirira aba bantu bamperekeze hariya hari icyo njya kubabwira”. Baragenda. Bageze iruhande rw’umusozi Semuhanuka yikuraho ingata, ayishyira ku musozi arunama ashyiraho umutwe we, abwira abari bamuherekeje ati” bagabo b’umwami ni munkorere ngende!” Bati” nkande wundi wikoreye umumusozi!” Semuhanuka amaguru aba ariyo abangira ingata asubira ibwami, akoma yombi ati” nyagasani abagaragu banze ku nkorera, si jye ni abanze kunkorera. ” Bose batererayo utwatsi bati” Semuhanuka ni umusazi, nimumureke yijyanire inka ye. ” Arataha.

INYUNGURAMAGAMBO

Inka y’ingumba: Ni inka yima ntibyare

Gukenyera bya gasurantambara: Gukenyera kuburyo budasanzwe

Kubangira amaguru ingata: Ni ukwiruka cyane

IMYITOZO KUMWANDIKO.

1. Ni iki waba uzi kuri Semuhanuka?

2. Vuga ibintu bitatu bigaragazako uyu mwandiko ari inkuru?

3. Vuga amazina y’inkuru atatu waba uzi?

4. Tanga amoko nibura atatu y’inkuru waba uzi mukinyarwanda?

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INKURU NDENDE: UTAZI UBWENGE ASHIMA UBWE

Habayeho umugabo akitwa Byayagara. Uwo mugabo yari afite abana babiri, umwe akitwa nta mwete, undi akitwa ndabikunze. Ni abo bana babiri gusa yabyaye b’abahungu. Abana barakura bagera igihe cyo guhabwa iminani. Maze igihe cyo gushyingirwa kigeze nyine arabashyingira abaha iminani.

Ntamwete inka yamuhaye azirya nabi, n’amasambu aramushirana, asigara ari umutindi. Ndabikunze aratunga aratunganirwa.

Bukeye Ntamwete amugirira ishyari ashaka kumwica. Noneho areba uko azamwica biramuyobera. Asanga namutera icumu cyangwa akamusogota bazamufata bakamufunga, akazabambwa, mbese agahorwa iyo nzigo.

Ashaka ubwenge rero yakoresha kugirango amwice ku buryo butazwi. Nuko bimaze kumuyobera aragenda asezerana n’abafundi bamukorera isanduku, igisanduku kinini cyane. Abeshya rero Ndabikunze ati “umva rero mwana wa mama, ndabona nshaje(ubwo Ntamwete niwe wari mukuru), ndumva ngiye gusaza ndagira ngo nikoreshereze isanduku yanjye muzanshyinguramo. None rero ngwino ujye kundebera ko isanduku nakoresheje inkwiriye, niba ari byo mbese”. Baragenda. Ndabikunze ahageze arareba koko asanga iyo sanduku ni nziza.

Ntamwete ati ”umva rero, mwana wa mama, jya muri iriya sanduku ndebe iyo umuntu ajyiye mu isanduku uko bigenda”. Ajya mu isanduku.

Amaze kugeramo, mukuru we Ntamwete aba yabisezeranye n’umufundi ati “zana imisumari vuba”. Bakubitamo imsumari baramufungirana.

Barangije Ndabikunze abura uko yivanamo ati “biranyobeye”. Yumva barikoreye, baragiye. Naho ubwo rero iyo sanduku bayijyanye ngo bajye kumuroha mu Nyanja, noneho ntamwete yitungire ibya Ndabikunze kandi atabivunikiye, kuko umunani we wari waramushiriyeho bitewe n’umwete muke yagiraga wo kongera umutungo we se yari yaramuhaye. Baragenda bageze hafi yaho iyo Nyanja yari iri basanga abahinzi bahahinga. Bari bahingishije bafite inzoga bateruye kunywa. Nuko Ntamwete ati “ndumva mfite inyota”. (ubwo ariko yari afite

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abantu basezeranye ko nibamugerezayo iyo sanduku, bayigeza mu Nyanja, bazagabana ibyo Ndabikunze yari atunze).

Noneho rero inyota n’inzara bibabuza kwihangana ngo bageze iyo sanduku mu Nyanja nkuko bari babisezeranye. Bayitura aho ngaho bajya kuvumba. Bati “ko twashyizemo imisumari, ntakindi ntiyivana hariya”.

Mu mwanya rero haza kuboneka umushumba, umushumba ahageze abona icyo gisanduku ajyenda ajya kukireba aragihengeka, mumwanya muto yumva umuntu avugiramo ati “yewe muntu unkingurira ni nde?” Umushumba ati “ese harimo umuntu?” Undi ati “ndimo”. Ati “urakoramo iki se?” Undi ati “umva rero abantu bo mumuryango w’iwacu bashatse kungira umwami ngo njye mbategeka”. None rero wowe niba wifuza kuba umwami jye numvise ntabishaka, waza ukigira muri iyi nkangara noneho bagaruka ukajya ubabwira uti “noneho nemeye kuba umwami”. Ubwo ntakindi barahita bakujyana imuhira ujye kuba umwami ujye ubategeka ukire, baguhe ingobyi n’ibintu byinshi, maze rero ujye uhekwa. Undi ati “ibyo na byo”. Umushumba za nke ze azitaye aho ngaho araje arapfundura. Amaze gupfundura aba ariwe ujya munkangara. Ndabikunze arirukanka ajya kwihisha. Ariko umushumba amaze kugera mu nkangara, Ndabikunze yongeye kurumyaho umutemeri.

Bene wabo baje bavuye kuvumba, yumvise bahingutse hafi aho, ati “noneho nemeye kuba umwami, nimunsubize imuhira njye kubategeka, mwabana mwe”. Bati “burya bwose tugushubije imuhira aho waduhatsweho, ahubwo wajya no kudutegeka?” Bati “ahubwo nimugire vuba tumurohe. Ubwo atangiye kuvugishwa, inkangara baraterura uwo mwanya bahita bayiroha mu Nyanja. Bamaze kuyiroha mu Nyanja bahita bitahira.

Ndabikunze nawe aho yihishe aza kwihishura aragenda afata za nka arazishorera. Zari ziteretse amapfizi. Arazijyana n’iwe imuhira. Akigera imuhira igihe bakiri mu nkera bishimira ko bamaze kwica umuvandimwe, ko bagiye gutunga ibye byose, n’amasambu yen’inka ze zose ko bagiye kuzizungura, bumva Ndabikunze araririmbira inka zitaha. Bati “uhm! Nonese ziriya nka azivanye he ra?” bati “uriya ni ndabikunze. Ko twamuroshye se, none ziriya nka azivanye hehe?”

Ibintu birabayobera.

Baragenda baramuhamagara, baramusuhuza. Bati “bite se?” Ko twaherutse tukuroha mu Nyanja”? (kuko bajyanye umushumba mu Nyanja bibwira ko ari Ndabikunze baroshyemo)

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nuko ndabikunze ati ”umva rero, bana ba mama, burya najyaga ngirango muranyanga naho ubundi murankunda burya mwanshyize mu nkangara ngirango mugiye kunyica naho mwari mugiye kungirira neza”. Ziriya nka z’ubushyo n’ariya mapfizi byari hahandi mwandoshye. Muri ya Nyanja burya niho inka zituruka. Burya bababwira ko inka zavuye mu iriba, burya koko zavuye mu Nyanja. Ya Nyanja ni inyanja y’inka rwose. Ndetse nubu iyaba mwari mugize vuba ngo munsubize yo ngekuzana izasigaye yo. Bati ”uhm!ni ahajya he?”ati”ni hahandi mwandohaga”.

Baragenda bakoresha ikindi gisanduka. Bene nyina bati ”ariko harya koko uriya muntu twamuroshye tugirango arapfa, none akaba avanyeyo ubutunzi, twe twagiyeyo!ndabikunze naduheke n’abana be dukoreshe amasanduku twese”. Unddi ati”muzazikoreshe maze muzaze tujyane njyekubereka aho inka ziri, aho navanye ziriya”. Bakoresha amasanduku, bamaze kuyuzuza barayikorera. Ndabikunze aragenda, bageze hafi yayanyanja, nuko bose bajya mu masanduka umwe muye undi muye. Ntamwete n’abana be ndabikunze abafungira mu isanduku abaroha munyanja. Amaze kubarohamo aragaruka atunga zanka zose, atunga nazazindi yasigaranye zawawundi baroshye bibwirako ari ndabikunze

Nuko abo kwa ntamwete bapfa batyo bibwirako bamuhenze ubwenge bagiye kumuroha bagatunga ibye. Noneho amaherezo ibye arabitunga kuberako baribazi ubwenge ariko bataziko azabubarusha. Abarusha ubwenge, aho bashakaga kumushyira aba ariwe uhabashyira.

Nuko ni aho bakuye umugani ngo “utazi ubwenge ashima ubwe”.

Utazi ubwenge ashima ubwe in Rugamba, op, cit, rp. 559-561

GUSOBANURA AMAGAMBO AKOMEYE

1. Gushyingirwa: Iyo umusore n’inkumi babanye hakurikijwe uko amategeko abiteganya nibyo bita gushyingirwa.

2. Guhabwa umunani: Iyo umwana akuze ageze igihe cyo kubaka urwe rugo, ababyeyi bamuha umutungo we ni byo bita guhabwa umunani.

3. Inzigo: Ni inzika cyangwa urwango rushingiye ku ishyari.

4. Inka z’ubushyo: Ni inka nyinshi zirimo imfizi.

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IMYITOZO KUMWANDIKO

1. Iyi nkuru itandukaniyehe n’iya Semuhanuka?

2. Tanga ibintu bitatu bitandukanya iyi nkuru n’izindi nyandiko?

3. Muri iyi nkuru havugwamo iki?

4. Garagaza abanyarubuga muri iyinkuru.

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IZINA RY’URUSOBE/ UMWANDIKO: AMASANO MU MURYANGO

NYARWANDA

Mu muryango nyarwanda haba kera ndetse n’ubu abantu bose bafite uko bumva amasano bafitanye mu bijyanye n’imiryango. Ayo masano akomoka kuburyo abantu bagiye bashyingiranwa, bashyingirana ndetse banabyarana. Ayo masano kandi yatumaga abantu bubahana kuburyo bukomeye kandi n’ubu hari aho bicyubahirizwa.

Nk’umunyarwandakazi ugasanga ntiyavuga sebukwe cyangwa nyirabukwe mu izina ugasanga byari byiza kuko byari ikinyabupfura. Umugore akitwa umutegarugori ugasanga ari umuntu nawe w’ubashywe, n’uko akaba nyakubyara na nyaguheka, agatuza akagubwa neza. Umwishywa nawe akubaha nyirarume cyane ndetse na nyirarume ntiyagombaga kumuhemukira kuko cyaziraga ko umwishywa aririra kwa nyirarume.

Nyirasenge w’umuntu nawe yabaga ari umntu wubashywe cyane kuko yagiraga uruhare runini mu ishyingirwa rye, ndetse yashoboraga no kumuvuma iyo yabaga yamusuzuguye.

Habagaho no kubyinirira ndetse no kuninura aho wasangaga bita umwana Sabizeze cyangwa banegura umuntu bati ni zamasore, ni zamagabo. Bashima umwana bamukunze bati Kamuhoza turagakunda ni akana keza.

IBIBAZO KUMWANDIKO

1. Garagaza amazina ari mu mwandiko?

2. Vuga ubwoko bw’amazina agaragara mu mwandiko?

3. Sesengura imiterere y’amazina ari mu mwandiko.

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IMIGANI MIGUFI: UMUSAZA N’ABANA BE BAGANIRA

Umusaza ageze muzabukuru yahamagaye abana be bose abahungu n’abakobwa maze arababwira ati “ bana banjye, ubu njye ndashaje. Ariko ndagirango mbagire inama burya ngo utaganiriye na se ntamenya icyo sekuru yasize avuze.

Muzakundane, mufatanye muri byose mugerageze ibyiza byose kandi ntimuzabe ibigwari k’urugamba rw’iterambere. Burya ngo inkingi imwe ntigera inzu kandi ngo abagiye inama imana irabasanga.

Nabayeho mbana neza n’inshuti n’abavandimwe, ngirira neza abankunda kandi nkamira abanyanga mbaganza ineza. Nagabye inka kanki nitura abangabiye, sinigeze mbura abashyitsi n’ibitambambuga iwanjye kandi namwe murabizi ngo nyiri amaso yerekwa bike.

Baca umugani ngo ntazotana zidakomanya amahembe, ariko iyo ziyakomanyije buracya ugasanga zirarigatana muruhanga. Ubwo rero bana banjye, nihagira ugirana ikibazo n’undi mujye mwicara mubicoce ntihazagire ikibazanamo amacakubiri kuko arasenya ntiyubaka. Muzabe abgabo mukamirwe n’amaboko, mugire imitungo n’imitungo itanga kandi ntumuzategereze guhabwa ahubwo muzaharanire gutanga. Nimugenza mutyo muzaba muri intore aho muri hose kandi ibi nababwiye muzabibona kuko burya ngo iryamukuru riratinda ntirihera.

INYUNGURAMAGAMBO

1. Kugera muzabukuru: gusaza

2. Ibigwari: Abantu batagira ubutwari n’ubunyangamugayo bugaragarira Mundangagaciro na kirazira zigaragara mumuco wabo.

IMYITOZO KUMWANDIKO

1. Garagaza imigani migufi iri mu mwandiko.

2. Vuga indi migani itanu usanzwe uzi.

3. Sobanura mumagambo yawe inshoza y’umugani mugufi

4. Umugani mugufi utandukaniyehe n’umugani muremure?

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IBISINGIZO: NUGURURIYE INYANGE

Musaninyange aza kunsuraYaje wese yisukuye, Urusogo rw’umuteto w’ubutoyaRukimutemba amatama yombi, Uko atambutse agatengerana. Yanze ya manwa rwahangu, Ngo ejo uruhayi rw’iryo zuba, Rutamuziga uruti agahwera, Dore ko ari agati ka gitondoImirase ihungira kagahonga. Narategereje nca uwo mutaga, Ntabwo nateshutse nagatoyaUmutima uterekeye iribori. Ni ikirenga we azaramba, Ntiwarambirwa k’umureba, N’iyo urengeje icyumweruUba ukimurangamiye umurata. Ubwe agira ibyuzo by’ubudatuza, Bikaba ibyuzuzo by’uburangaIyamwihangiye yamuhaye. Jye nararebaga ndunguruka, Nkamuririmba nkarindagira, Mu nzu hose boshye uzonzweN’inzozi nyinshi z’urujijisho. Inzu yari yenze kwijima gatoNdeba umunsi ukondakondaUkuba kiberinka uyegeranya, Imirase mu ijuru ry’umujijimaIgasurusumba insomya amahembe. Yoga mu nzu ihagira inyanja

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Nayo ngo isanganiye iyo nyange. Agikoza intambwe imwe mu muryangoUmutima utangira kuvumeraNk’uvugutira umurya w’inanga. Inama twembi turayihuza, Njya kumusanga nti ”gira abana, ”

Ati “ngire abawe turere twembi. ”Ineza itashye umutima wanjyeUtera weruye uti “ndashimye, ”Dushira icyusa bishyira kera, Tuvugira icyarimwe ko bukeye, Nubwo umunsi uzira ikemangeWakenderaga tuwureba. Imirase y’imirenganazubaUbwo imwitekamo mu ruhangaImana y’unamuye nk’uruhamo, Imaze kumwuzuramo uruhandeIti “cyo mutereze ku ruhimbiWitse imivugo imuhimbaye. ”Njya kumuhimba ndamuharamba, Muharira iminwe ndayimuharaga, Nterurira imutwe ndera igituza, Ncutsa ibyano ngarura mu nda, Ntemba njya ku matako n’imirundi, Ngwa ku kirenge nkimuririmba. Umurerwa nsanze atagira ikirega, Ahubwo abengerana nk’ikirezi, Nati “izina nkwise uri ikirenga. ”

Twararambanye muruhando, Tuguyma kwiharira urwo ruhuge, Rwa ruhuri rw’indeberezi, Turaruheza ruguma hirya,

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Umutima utera nk’utakiriho, Kuko watururutswe ugatuza. Tumaze kwitsa ikiganiro, Ijosi arigondana umugwi mwizaRigwa kurutugu nti “kagwire”Yanshyize umutima kugituza, Sinishanya ndora icyo gitego, Nsanga amaso ateretse inkesha, Akina urunyonga rw’urunyenyeri. Maze gushima iyo nshara yanjye, Nti “seka ndebe uko undenza umucyo, Maze ducyahe ijoro nyamwinshi, Tukifubitse umunezero.”

Umubiri wose wiyongera ishya, Rwaruhanga rw’uruhehemureRugumya kogeza urwo ruhanika. Umusatsi uyumbuje nk’umuserekoUva muruhanga uhunda ibitugu, Agize ngo atange nti “reka utembe.”Naho ubwo rya josi ry’umutarati, Uko yariteretse ngo andangamire, Agasa nka yankuba ya rusineIkoreye ishaka kuvuna sambwe.

Njya kumusezeraho musekera, Ansubiza asanga urwo rwererane, Dusa n’abibagiwe iby’ijamboNgo kujijuka ni ugutuza, Si ugutondekanya amahomvu, Si ugucika uruhondogo. Burya guceceka si ubucucuNi ugucengerwa nibyo uzi, Maze ugacira imbere ugatuza

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Ugutana usanga irikuri mu ndaKubikura ubuhoro bwawe. Naramubwiye nti “curika ingohe,”Ngo azicurure nti” zana ibyano, Ndore ibyo byiza byagusasabye.”Ati “Juru ryanjye ijoro ni ryinshi.”Uwarisibiza na gatanuNtabwo naganya amanywa cyaneKandi mbikiriye inyenyeriIsumbya izuba kwaka inzora. Yarahagurutse arinanura, Inyeri zicika inyinya aracira. Ati “mvumye uzajya akuvuga nabi”Agarutse hino atega nk’inyambo, Nti “umenya inyange ibyina umutaho”Sinamutimutinza mugwa mubyano, Tumara umwanya muvunya ihobe. Ingohe zireka indoro irahongaIjosi aragondeka ati “uragwire”

IBISOBANURO BY’AMAGAMBO

1. Urusogo rw’umuteto: ubundi ni ubwoko bw’imboga ziribwa. Hano ni umushishe uteye imbabazi.

2. Amanywa rwahangu: ni amanywa y’ihangu, igihe izuba rikambye, rimwe ricyura inyana.

3. Uruhayi rw’izuba: ni amagorane, imvune, icyocyere, by’izuba.

4. Imirase ihungira kagahonga: izuba rifatirana kagatangira kuraba (gucika intege ubwo ari umuntu).

5. Guca umutaga: kurangiza umunsi

6. Umunsi ukondakonda: umunsi ugenda ushira, urangira buhorobuhoro.

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7. Ijuru ry’umujijima: ni ijuru ry’umutuku rijya kwera, umwe w’izuba rirenga.

8. Gusurusumba: kujya gufata cg kwegera ikintu ushidikanya, wishisha.

9. Aho ntereye: aho nicaye nabuze intege.

10. Imirase y’imirenganazuba: imirase y’izuba isa naho iryo zuba iriminukanye, iritwaye.

11. Uruhamo: ni nk’urukinga rw’agahanga, kimwe n’uruhamo rw’inzu.

12. Iminwe: ibiganza byombi (byo kumukorakora)

13. Ndera igituza: mfata neza mugituza, nkitegereza neza.

14. Ikirega: amajorwa

15. Uruhuri: abantu benshi

16. Umugwi mwiza: ubugwaneza

17. Inshara yanjye: inka yanjye iteruye neza, iteze neza ikigereranyo.

18. Uruhanga rw’uruhehemure: uruhanga rukeye, rubengerana.

19. Umusatsi uyumbuje nk’umusereko: umusatsi ari igikara nk’uwo baseretse (nk’uwo basiga ibara ry’igikara tsiritsiri ku mitako cg ku bigembe by’amacumu)

20. Uhunda ibitugu: utwikira ibitugu (ni umusatsi)

21. Kuvuna sambwe: guca umugara (ni nk’intore)

22. Ugacira imbere ugatuza: ugaheza mu mutima ukicecekera

23. Inyeri zicika inyinya: uducandwe turamucika tunyura mu menyo y’inyinya. Amenyo y’inyinya ni akaranga bwiza mu banyarwanda.

24. Kubyina umutaho: gushaka gutaha

Umuhanzi: RUGAMBA Sipiriyani

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UMWANDIKO KUMAZINA Y’AMATIRANO: MUNYESHURI AGIYE KUJYA KU ISHURI

Kuva ku wa mbere kugeza ku wa gatanu wa buri cyumweru Munyeshuri abyuka buri mu gitondo saa kumi mimwe agafata ibasi agasukamo amazi akajya mu bwogero, yamara koga agafata igikombe akanywa igikoma, akambara ishati n’ikabutura hanyuma agafata amakaye n’amakaramu akajya ku ishuri, akajyenda yihuta ngo adakererwa. Munyeshuri ni umwana w’umunyamurava kandi w’umvira. Mu ishuri ni we uba uwambere kandi afasha n’ababyeyi be imirimo. Iyo avuye ku ishuri atega imodoka, yagera mu rugo agafasha ababyeyi imirimo yo gutunda iboberi zo kubaka urugo.

IBIBAZO KU MWANDIKO

1. Vuga ubwoko bw’amagamo ari mumwandiko aciyeho akarongo?

2. Sesengura amagambo aciyeho akarongo ari mu mwandiko.

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URWENYA

1. Umusaza yagiye kwaka akazi baramubaza bati “Muzehe uzi icyongereza?”. Ati rwose ndakididibuza. Bati okey, reka duhere k’utuntu tworoshye…. . Igiti kitwa gute mu cyongereza? Umusaza ati ni “tree”, bati ese ibiti bibiri wavuga ute? Ati ni “tree tree”. Bati none se ubwo ishyamba baryita gute? Ati ni “tree tree tree treeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee!!! Aba arabemeje.

2. Umugabo yagiye gupfa asiga abwiye mugenzi we wari inshuti magara ati nujya unywa inzoga ujye ufata amacupa abiri, rimwe ryawe n’irindi ryange murwego rwo kunyibuka. N’uko uko agiye mukabari, agatumiza amacupa abiri, umukobwa ukora mukabari aza kumubaza impamvu undi nawe kumusobanurira impamvu ituma afata amacupa abiri burigihe uko atumye inzoga. Bukeye yaje kugaruka muri ka kabari abwira wa mukobwa ngo amuzanire icupa rimwerya Primus, umukobwa amubajije impamvu noneho adatumyeho amacupa abiri nk’uko bisanzwe wa mugabo aramusubiza ati “njye navuye ku nzoga”

3. Umubyeyi yabwiye umwana we ati mukinyarwanda cyiza ntibavuga “kurya” ahubwo bavuga “gufungura”. Reka rero uwo mubyeyi azasange wa mwana arira niko kumubaza icyabaye undi ati “inzoka ziri munda yanjye zirimo ziramfungura”.

4. Rwakagororo yahuye n’umugenzi wigendera maze agira atya amucinya urushyi. Ngo asange yamwibeshyeho (yari amwitiranyije n’umuntu wari waramwambuye) niko kumusaba imbabazi, undi nawe ntiyabyemera ajya kumuregera abunzi. Rwakagororo acibwa amande y’igihumbi. Uko yagatanze inoti y’ibihumbi bibiri, ayo kugarura arabura ni uko acunga wa mugenzi ku jisho, aritunatuna maze amwasa urushyi rwa kabiri ati:”ntibikuvune ugarura, n’ayo asigaye yahamane!”

IBIBAZO KU RWENYA

1. Ni iki kigaragaza ko izi nkuru ari inzenya?

2. Vuga nibura izindi nzenya ebyiri waba uzi?

3. Izi nzenya zihuruye kuki?

4. Tanga akamaro k’urwenya muri rusange.

5. Urwenya rutandukaniyehe n’indi myandiko?

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IBYUNGO/ UMWANDIKO: NGIYE KU ISHURI

Mihigo umwana w’imyaka cumi nine, yaragiye ku ishuri mu mwaka we wambere w’amashuri yisumbuye. Ubwo yasezeraga ababyeyi, yabanje kuganira nabo ababwirako agiye kwiga no gukurikira amasomo, akomeza ababwirako we na bagenzi be bazabiharanira pe!

Nibwo n’ababyeyi bunzemo bati “mwana wacu Mihigo ujye wiga nka Manirakiza wa Kalisa, kandi kwiga ni nko gucuruza kuko mu bucuruzi urunguka cyangwa ugahomba kimwe no mukwiga kuko utsinda cyangwa ugatsindwa. Uretseko iyo wiganye umwete byanze bikunze uratsinda kandi kwiga ni ingirakamaro, ngo kwiga birajijura rwose, nyamara usanga abana batabyisimira ari benshi.

Ubwo rero kugirango uzatsinde uzakunde kwiga”.

IBIBAZO KUMWANDIKO

1. Andika interuro zirimo ibyungo?

2. Garagaza ibyungo biri muri izi nteruro?

3. Ni iki kirangako ari ibyungo?

4. Tanga umumaro w’ibyungo mu nteruro no mu mwandiko.

5. Ibyungo biri muri uyu mwandiko birimo amoko angahe?

6. Tondeka ibyungo byo muri uyu mwandiko ukurikije amoko biherereyemo.

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IBISIGO BY’UBUSE

IBISIGO BY’UBUSE ICYO ARI CYO:

Ibisigo by’ubuse biremye inganzo isa n’ibisetso. Ndetse bisa nibirenga ibisetso bigasa n’imisebanyo. Ni nganzo igomba kuba yaravutse mu matorero y’intore. Mu matorero abantu bigaga kuvuga neza, bagacyocyorana, ntihagire urakara. Uwarakaraga mubiganiro bamwitaga “igifura” kitazi kuba mubanzi bahungu. Twabigereranya no mumashuri yubu. Umwana wageze mu ishuri usanga shabutse adapfa kurakazwa n’ubusa;bamuhimba n’izina risa n’irisebanya ntarwane. Abahimbaga bene ibyo babaga bashaka gusetsa abandi bahungu.

Musenyeri Alegisi Kagame yahimbajwe n’ingnzo y’ibisigo by’ubuse maze aryigana mugatabo yise “Indyohesha birayi. ”Muri ako gatabo atera ubuse umwami Mutara Rudahigwa n’abatware be. Ako gatabo kasohotse bakiriho ariko nta wamurakariye kuko bose bari bamenyereye iyo nganzo.

Urugero rw’igisigo cy’ubuse:

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BARYOHEWE UBUDASIGAZA

1. Baryohewe ubudasigaza Abahungu bo ku Musanganyamvura wa Buhimba, Barusha abantu guhemuka! Mu ijoro rishyira inkoko

5. Bikanzemo ikimena cy’abaguye impishyi, Rubanda irahurura! Bihubi ati “nimuhumure turi twese, Ntawutambaye urushundura, Twabyigize kare bizadutunga.

10. Ati “Marara we ntiyavurwaga, We wavuzaga uzuru nk’imvubu, Akabirukana abasongozi, Hagasigara uwahishije inturire n’indera: Izo akaziryama hagati ?”

15. Sebihubi ati “ igituma Rugira anyita rugenzabondo, Yasanze ndya agakono kibishyimbo, Niyubikije ibihaza kurutaro! Ngira abahungu b’indura, Mu irya bakaba indubizi!

20. Basanga ntaramara agakono k’ibishyimbo, Bankura mu banyarwanda!” Bushaku bamucanye ku ka Nkima bamutambitse Bamugeza I gafumba Umugore wi Karira abyumvise

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25. Ati “ icyamungoborera irya none Namuhaye imbehe imwe y’ibishyimbo Akarya agahozagara akarore gusomera! Ndakanga Mirimo abaye ikirushya!” Rwampembwe ati “ urubanza inda yaciye

30. Na none nirwo rw’uru, Ntirugicibwa kabiri, Nsomya umusa umwe nywuhagire, Njye kunywa umuhozi n’inkuku zawo! Nasamura umushumba naryitumye,

35. Muzankure mubuntu!” BICUNDAMABANO ati” urwagwa n’inyamunyo, Ibyo mwumva bahungu, bindyohera byombi! Nabonye biva ishyanda, Binkumbuza ingaga!

40. Iyo bashyingura iyo jye mba mpaze, Mu mirambi ya Kazi, Aho narundutse ku busetura!” NYIRIMIGANO, ati “ikimasa icyo ga Rutebuka Gisa nibindi nabonye

45. Biva iheru iyo ku Mukingo: Haba indyo nziza!” RWIGENZA ati “jyeweho mu baryi, Mba nanga Munama, narusha inzovu!” Bamenya atio”nkora muntoki Rwigenza!

50. Sinteganya irobe, ndaryirahira, Nkaryanzura vuba!” RUDAKEMWA yanyoye inka umuhondo, Atuma ku mushumba ati “uritashye n’iyo nka! Ubwo yaryoheje umuhondo,

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55. Nigera mu busuga nzayikunyaga, Nzi ko izaba iryoheje inyama!” RWANGANIRANGOMA ati “bahungu iriya ncura, Iraryoha isa n’ibishyimbo: igira ibinyita byiza!”

60. Kigeri nawe bahize yegamanye inturire Kurya ari umwami wahawe intavurungwa, Ati “umunayu uyu nduwukunda bahungu! Mwese uko muraha muwumparire: Mbatoye ibiseke!

INYUNGURAMAGAMBO

(1) Bikanzemo ikimena: Bikanze ko muribo habaye igikuba (cyabaguye impishyi)

(2) Urushundura: ubundi ni injishi zisobekeranye barobesha amafi. Hano bavuga ko bafite uburyo bwo guhahira inda zabo baroba a mafi.

(3) Abasongozi: abantu bari bafite akazi ko kubaga no guteka ari ibwami, ari no mubatware bakomeye.

(4) Indera: ni inzoga z’I Murera.

(5) Indura: abantu barya cyane kandi baryana ubusambo.

(6) Guhozagara: ni ukubyibuha nkinka y’impogazi;birengeje gushisha.

(7) Nywuhagire: mpereko mpazwa nawo(n’uwo musa wonyine)

(8) Binkumbuza ingaga: bituma nkumbura urutoki rwinshi

(9) Ubusetura : amamera y’uburo. Hano birasobanura inzoga y’uburo.

(10) Gukora umuntu muntoke: ni ukumushima ko ari intwari, ari ingira kamaro.

(11) Sinteganya irobe: sinkinisha irobe, ndarihirika, sindipfusha ubusa.

(12) Kwanzura: kurya ntugire icyo usiga. Ubundi kwanzura ni ukurangiza gushya ibyo wari wateganije gushya.

(13) Umuhondo: amata inka ikamwa ikimara kubyara. Ntamuntu mukuru wanywaga bene ayo mata yanyobwaga n’abana.

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(14) Ubusuga: ni amata inka ikamwa mugihe irimo iteka. Ni amata aba amaze kuba makeya. Nibwo bavuga ko bagiye kuyikurura aho kuvuga ko bagiye kuyikama.

(15) Ibinyita: ni inyama z’ibizigire cyangwa iz’ibibero.

(16) Intavurungwa : ni ingoma (Ubutegetsi) itavurungwa, ikomeye, itajegezwa n’amahanga.

(17) Umunayo: umutsima w’uburo.

(18) Batoye ibiseke: Mbaciye buri muntu igiseke cy’ifu

IBIBAZO KU MWANDIKO

1. Shaka muri uyu mwandiko ingingo zisekeje uvuge nimpamvu zisekeje.

2. Shaka muri uyu mwandiko ibigaragaza imyifatire y’umunyenda mbi.

3. Ni ibihe bihemu ubona bivugwa muri uyu mwandiko?

4. Hri icyo ubona kigaragaza ko abagore batinya ko abagabo babo babateza urubwa ?

5. Ubundi umuntu bamukura mubanyarwanda cyangwa mubagabo bitewe n’iki?

6. Garagaza ko mu buse ntawe batinya.

7. Tanga izindi ngero ebyiri z’ibisigo by’ubuse waba uzi.

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ITONDAGURANSHINGA: SEMUGISHA AVUYE KU ISHURI

Arangije umwaka wa mbere w’amashuri yisumbuye, SEMUGISHA yatahanye urukumbuzi rwinshi. Ageze mu rugo asuza ababyeyi n’abavandimwe, baramwishimira, bamubaza amakuru yo ku ishuri n’amanota yagize. Yari yishimye cyane afite n’ibyo kuvuga byinshi:ukuntu abandi bamwakiriye, ukuntu kuba ku ishuri ari byiza, kubana n’abandi, n’ukuntu yabarushije akaba ari we wabaye uwambere!

N’ubwo ariko yari yishimye anabara inkuru, yumvahari icyo abura. Yumvaga azatuza ari uko ageze kwa sekuru kuko yari abakumbuye cyane. Ntibyatinze rero akimara kurya yahise asaba ababyeyi uruhushya rwo kujya gusura kwa sekuru, bararumuha bana mwemerera kujyana na barumuna be babiri ariko barababwira ngo ntibazarenze icyumweru kimwe bataragaruka, kuko ngo hari imirimo myinshi mu rugo bari bakeneye ko Semugisha azabafasha.

Bageze kwa Sekuru basanga sekuru amaze kwahira ubwatsi bw’inka naho nyirakuru aratetse. Bababonye babakirana urugwiro, babaha amazi barakaraba, baragababurira ndetse babaha n’amata barasomera. Bamaze kurya babaza amakuru y’iwabo, babaza na Semugisha amakuru yo kwishuri nawe ababwira ko iwabo ari bazima kandi ko no kwishuri ari byiza kuko yanabaye uwambere. Baramushima, bamugabira inka, maze abasezeranya ko ariwe uzajya aba uwambere ndetse akazagera no mu mashuri makuru

Bose baranezerwa, ubwo Semugisha, akavoma, agatashya ndetse agahinga. Barumuna be bagateka, bakahirira inka bakanazitemera ubwatsi kugira ngo zibone uko ziburya neza.

Sekuru na nyirakuru barushaho kunezerwa, bararuhuka, mbese barateta kuko nta murimo ni umwe bari bagikora!

Igihe cyo gutaha kigeze Semugisha na barumuna be babwira sekuru na nyirakuru ko bashaka gutaha, barabangira bati” mwigenda haracyari kare muzaba mugenda”basibira rindi rimwe, barabareka barataha.

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Babaha ibishyimbo, amasaka n’amata ngo bashyire ababyeyi babo kandi ngo babaramutse. Bageze iwabo barabashima kuko batatinze kwa sekuru, barabawira bati”murakabyara, murakagira abana n’amatungo”.

Ubu Semugisha yiga mu mwaka wa gatanu w’amashuri y’isumbuyeasigaye ari n’umukinnyi w’umupira w’amaguru. Akomeje kwitara neza mu myigire ye kuko nubu aracyaba uwambere kandi aracyafite intego yo gukomeza kuba indashyikirwa kandi ngo azaharanira kuminuza.

IBIBAZO KU MWANDIKO

1. Garagaza inshinga zitondaguye ziri mu mwandiko.

2. Ibikorwa bibumbatiwe na buri nshinga byaba ryari?

3. Vuga ibihe by’inshinga bigaragara mu mwandiko.

4. Himba interuro ugaragaze igihe igikorwa kibumbatiwe n’inshinga cyabereye.

5. Inshinga itondaguye itandukaniyehe n’inshinga idatondaguye?

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INDIRIMBO : MUTIMA UKEYE

1. Mutima ukeye uteze nk’icyeza, Mah oro asendereye azira icyena, Urabe icyemezo cy’umurava, Uhora uturanga twese, Urarwubake cyane.

2. Ntukajye uhinda nk’inkuba yesa, Ntambyeyi igendana inkubiri. Urabe Rugwiro use na Rugwiza Mubagusanga bose Urarwubake cyane.

3. Uwaguhetse akaguha ibere, Ngo ubeho rembo ritatse iraba. Ngo urabe rebero ry’iumigenzo We yagutatse myiza. Urarwubake cyane.

4. So wakubyaye ari ku nteko, Ngo inzira yawe ni intera ndende Urajye utekereza ko intaho Iruta agashungo kubu. Urarwubake cyane.

5. Ba nyogosenge basetse bose, Banagusengasiranye ubwuzu. Uramenye ubwenge ubarinde ubwoba Bwurugo rwawe rwiza. Urarwubake cyane

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6. Abana bose bari ku byahi Ngo ubeho byiza bibaha ibyuzo Baragusengera ibyishimo Murugo rwawe rwiza. Urarwubake cyane

7. Urabeho shenge shema ry’iwacu Mubawe bose uhafite ishimwe Ntabwo washeshe ibanga rikwiye Umwari w’irwanda nkawe Urarwubake cyane.

8. Mwari twahoranye muruhimbi, Urabeho shenge ntitukijyanye Uru ruzinduko rukujyanye Ruraguhe ineza Urarwubake cyane.

9. Mugabo ugenda ukabuye isheja Wowe dushinga ishimwe Uramenye ntashakiro ry’ibintu riruta umuntu nkuyu. Urarwubake cyane

10. Simbi dusingiza umusi uragiye Naho amatage ubu turatashye Ntituguhaye abo twaguhaye Baragukunda ni abawe. Urarwubake cyane.

SUBIZA IBI BIBAZO BIKURIKIRA

1. Sobanura amagambo ari mumwandiko wumva aguko mereye wifashishije inkoranya magambo.

2. Iyi ndirimbo iraririmbirwa nde?

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3. Ni izihe nama umuririmbyi agira uwo aririmbira?

4. Mu gitero cya karindwi hari aho umuririmbyi agira ati “Ntabwo washeshe ibanga rikwiye umwri w’irwanda. ” Iryo banga ni irihe?

5. Garagaza umubare w’utubangutso (ari two tubeshuro) mu mikarago y’igitero cya gatandatu

6. Irekana amajwi abiri yiganje mu mikarago itatu ibanza

7. Andika interuro iteye nk’impakanizi mu mwandiko, unayisobanure.

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RWANDA NZIZA

Tuje twese abakuvuga. Twese abawe Rwanda nziza ubyiruye, turitabye. Tugutuye imigambi yacu myizaYo husingiza izina ryawe. Twagambiriye imihigoYo kuririmba duhiga, tudakuramo. Twaje kwibuka iry’abatubyayeBatubwiraga yuko Rwanda, Ntawe uzakwanga mu bo wabyaye ngo azabeho. Natwe tugutuye intege dufite, Zikurwanire ukure ujye ejuru. Tuje munzira y’imenaZakurwanyeho ngo umwanzi ataguta mumahina. Intarutinya wagabye aho ruremyezaharwanye urw’umuziringano, hari izo wagabye iyo bigwa, Ziharema inkiko rirakeka, zihashya ababisha. Zaririmbaga iryo zina ryewe. Ntabwo zigeze zibwira ko nka zo, Agutinyirira umwanzi ateye, zari ingeri. Natwe abana bawe twese uko turiNi ukurindira urutubyiruye. Burya imihigo y’imena wunguka ababyiruka. Hari abazanye indi migabo myiza, Amarembo yawe barayagura. Baje kwibuka ko imuhanaNaho haba intwari zitagyitse, bati twuzure, Maze twunguke amaboko yabo. Byatumye duhosha ibyo kumashanaNone nta ngongo ziba igitambo, byarashize.

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Iyo ntego twese tubyinirira, Rwanda nziza nyo igukwiye. Abaguhimbye ntibasigareNabo barimo indasumbwa dukunda gusingiza. Hari abazi inganzo nziza y’ireme, Hayicyamura ugataramirwa. Reba abisi cyangwa abasizi. Nabo umuhogo mwiza cyangwa inanga, ntibasigare. Bose baririmba Rwanda nziza. Abana bawe aho bari hose, Abo tutavuze kandi ari intwari, urajye ubamenya. Rwanda nziza izi ntwaro zose mvuze, Zambike umudende w’imihigo. Intarutinya twese uko turiTwahigiye gusa nimena nkuru z’inyamibwa. Reba abari b’umucyo bakuvuga, Basaza babo basuka ibyivugo. Umugambi ni umwe rukumbiNi ugukuza intambwe y’abambere, bagusingiza. Tugutuye nubu buto bwacu, Tugutuye imigambi idatsimburwaNi uguhora twatanya, dutwaza, ngo ujye mbere. Rwanda nziza uragahora ubyiruraRwanda nziza nzajya ngusingiza. RUGAMBA Sipiriyani

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UMWANDIKO KU TUREMAJAMBO TW’INSHINGA

UMUNSI NISHIMIRA

Umunsi nishimira ni umunsi w’amavuko yanjye, kuko iyyiza byose byambayeho ugeze ndicara nkareba ibyiza byose byambayeho n’abantu

bose twabanye neza nti ni mugaruke kandi nanjye sinzabatererana ndetse n’uriya utabishaka ntazaza

Iyo uyu minsi w’amavuko yanjye ugeze ntangira gutekereza ibintu byinshi, ndibaza nti igihe cyose gishize nakoze piki? Nahingiye iwacu, mfatanya n’abandi turabavomera nubwo twavomaga kure cyane kuburyo nakwibaza nti “ ni kure kungana iki?

Ariko sibyo gusa ntekereza, kuko ndeba no mu myigire yanjye aho ngeze, ngasanga kugeza ubu ndasoma inkuru zose ntategwa nababa baragiye hanze bampa ubutumwa nka busoma rwose!maze kubera ibyo byose ngasanga abenshi bantuka ngo gakire. Iyo urebye ibyo mama yakoraga kera iminsi y’amavuko yanjye itaraba myinshi byari byinshi kuko yaryaga rimwe kumunsikubera imirimo atekereza kubyo yagombaga kuba yarahinze kubyo azasarura akazaareba n’ibyihinga ritaha wenyine ariko aho iyiminsi nishimira ibereye makumyabiri n’ibiri nsanga atakibitekereza ndetse ntibinamubeho.

Ibyo rero iyo mbibonye ntangira kwiyogeza bamwe nkabatuma kubandi ngo baze dufatanye kuwishimira aho duhuriye nti mwarabibambwiriye bati rwose twarabirangije ahubwo wibuke ko ari ejo bazaza.

Ubwo uwo munsi tugahura tukishimana, tugakomangana mu biganzxa tugahuriza hamwe ibyishimo buri umwe abyinisha mugenzi we byarangira buri umwe akegura impano yangeneye nanjye ngasaba umwe kwegeka izo bampaye kuruhande.

Burigihe rero iyo ntegereje uwo uyu munsi nkora cyane kugira ngo nzabone icyo niratira bagenzi banjye ko nakoze ndetse nkangurira n’abgenzi banjye bose ko ari byiza ko uyu munsi w’amavuka wajya ugera buri wese afite icyo yiratira bagenzi be ko yagezeho ari nabyo bimuhesha agaciro.

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IBIBAZO KUMWANDIKO

1. Vuga ubwoko bw’amagambo aciye akarongo

2. Vuga aho aya magambo atandukaniye n’ayandi

3. Shaka uturemajambo tw’aya magambo aciyeho akarongo

4. Gerageza kugaragaza cyangwa kuvuga uturemajambo tw’aya

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ISHINGIRO N’AMAHAME REMEZO KU BURENGANZIRA BWA MUNTU

Uburenganzira bwa muntu nti butangwa, ntibugurwa, nti bugabanywa, nti buhakirwa, nta nubwo ari umurage w’ababyeyi cyangwa w’umuntu uwo ari we wese; uburenganzira bwa Muntu bugirwa na buri wese kandi tubuhabwa

nyine na kamere muntu tuvukana. Uburenganzira bwa Muntu ni bumwe ku bantu bose hatarebwe ubwoko bwabo, igitsina, idini, ururimi bavugamo, ubwenegihugu, umutungo bafite, icyiciro cy’abaturage bavukamo, ibitekerezo byabo, byaba ibya politiki cyangwa ibindi.

Abantu bose iyo bava bakagera bavuka bigenga kandi bareshya mu cyubahiro n’imbere y’amategeko. Nta mpamvu n’imwe ishobora gutoma hagira uwamburwa uburenganzira bwa Muntu. Abantu bafite uburenganzira kabone n’ubwo amategeko y’ ibihugu yaba atabibemerera cyangwa abubangamira.

Kugirango abantu bose babeho mu cyubahiro bagomba kugira uburenganzira bukurikira, nta nabumwe bushyizwe kuruhande: kwishyira ukizana, kugira umutekano no kugira imibereho myiza. Uburenganzira bwa Muntu ntibugabanywa ntibusubizwa inyuma.

Uburenganzira bwa Muntu bushimangirwa n’amategeko. Ayo mategeko ni amatangazo n’amasezerano mpuzamahanga ibihugu biba byaremeye bikanayashyiraho umukono. Ingero: Itangazompuzamahanga ryerekeye uburenganzira bwa muntu ryo kuwa 10 ukuboza 1948 u Rwanda rwashyizeho umukono kuwa 18 nzeri 1962, bityo riba ryinjijwe mu mategeko y’u Rwanda; amasezerano y’Afurika yerekeye uburenganzira bwa Muntu n’ubw’abaturage; u Rwanda rwayemeye kuwa 17 Gicurasi 1973, kuwa 11 Ugushyingo 1981 ruyinjiza mu mategeko rugenderaho, …

Amategeko igihugu cyishyiriraho arengera uburenganzira bwa Muntu. lngero: itegeko rirengera uburenganzira bw’umwana n’uburyo bwo kumurinda ihohoterwa; itegeko rihana ivangura no gukurura amacakubiri. Indi soko y’uburenganzira bw’ikiremwamuntu ni urusobe rw’ingingo ndemagaciro zigize umuco. Hari ingingo z’umuco nyarwanda zishimangira uburenganzira bwa muntu (kugira umutungo bwite, kugira uburenganzira bwo gushaka, kutica umwana cyangwa umugore mu ntambara ;”Intumwa irarabirwa

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ntiyicwa. ” “ nyirumuringa iyo aje utega akaboko”…), n’izindi ngingo z’umuco zibangamira uburenganzira bwa Muntu (kwica rubozo umushimusi w’inka, kuroha umukobwa watwaye inda y’indaro;”inkeho ikubitirwa mu rwayo;” “intare ikwicira inka ikakurusha uburakari;” “impfubyi irya akayo ikibye. ” Imyumvire y’uburenganzira bwa Muntu ishingiye ku mahame remezo akurikira: agaciro ka muntu karuta byose; kureshya kw’abantu mu gaciro no mu burenganzira; ukwishyira ukizana(ubwisanzure cyangwa ubwigenge); guharanira buri gihe kugira imibereho myiza; ubusabane.

Agaciro ka muntu karuta byose ni icyubahiro gifitwe na buri wese nk’ikiremwamuntu. Umuntu, kubera kamerer ye, avukana ubwigenge n’icyubahiro ntagereranywa akomora kuri iyo kamere. Ako gaciro ni ntagereranywa kubera ko ntakindi kiremwa tuzi gisumba umuntu ku isi. Umuntu rero ubuze ako gaciro aba abuze ikintu kingenze mu mibereho ye. agaciro ntagereranywa ka muntu kagaragarira mu cyubahiro ahabwa no kubburyo abandi bamubona cyangwa bamufata. Urugero: kirazira rwose gukorera ubushakashatsi ku bantu mu gihe batabyiyemereye bo ubwabo cyangwa mu gihe bishobora kubagiraho ingaruka zikomeye.

Mu myumvire rero y’uburenganzira bwa muntu tugomba kumenya ko buri muntu wese afite agaciro ntagereranywa, kagomba kubahwa no kubahishwa. Niyo mpamvu amategeko y’u Rwanda ahana uwo ariwe wese wiha gutuka no gutesha umuntu agaciro. Kubyerekeranya no kureshya kw’abantu mu gaciro no mu burenganzira;”abanttu bose, iyo bava bakagera, bavuka bareshya mu gaciro no mu cyubahiro. ” Ibi ni ibivugwa mu ngingo ya mbere y’itangazo mpuzamahanga k’uburenganzira bwa Muntu. Gufata rero abantu bose kimwe imbere y’amategeeko niyo ntango y’ibanze y’uburenganzira bw’ikiremwa muntu.

Ivangura iryo ariryo ryose, ryaba rishingiye ku bwoko, ku ibara ry’umubiri, ku gitsina, ku rurimi, ku idini, ku mibereho, k’ubukungu n’ibindi rinyuranyije niryo hame ryo kureshya mu gaciro no muburenganzira. Ni nayo mpamvu amasezerano yose n’amahame mpuzamahanga yerekeye uburenganzira bwa Muntu abuza ko ubuyobozi bukorera ivangura igice kimwe cy’abaturage.

Icyo tugomba kumenya ni uko kureshya bitavuga gusa neza neza kuko mu mibereho y’abantu, bamwe bashobora kugira ubushobozigusumbya abandi. ”kureshya”ntibisobanura ko abantu bagomba kugira ubukire bumwe cyangwa ubwenge bungana. Ariko rero mu ivuka no mu mibereho` itegeko rigomba guteganyiriza abantu amahirwe angana.

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Niyo mpamvu nka bumwe mu burenganzira, (burenganzira bwo kwiga, uburenganzira k’uburezi, uburenganzira k’umurimo, uburenganzira k’ubwiteganyirize, …)bwemerewe abantu bose mu masezerano mpuzamahanga. Buramutse butariho abantu bamwe baba ari injiji, abarwayi, abashomeri n’abatindi mu gihe abandi baba bajijutse’ bavurwa neza, bakora kandi barateye imbere.

Urugero: amasezerano mpuzmahanga ategeka ibihugu byayashyizeho umukono kureka abana bose bakigira ubuntu mu mashuri abanza kandi kwiga bikaba itegeko itegeko kuri buri wese, naho ayisumbuye n’amakuru abantu bakayiggamo nta busumbane.

Ukwishyira ukizana ni ngombwa kandi bikenewe na buri muntu kugirango atere imbere. Nta gaciro ka muntu nta no kureshya byashoboka nta bwisanzure buhari. nta bwisanzure buhari iterambere ry’abantu ryaba ari igicagate. Mu mateka y’isi abantu bagiye bemera guhara amagara yabo kugirango babashe guharanira uburenganzira bw’ibihugu byabo n’ubwabo. Kwisanzura bishatse kuvuga ko umuntu yishyira akizana muri byose, ariko bigakorwa mu nzira zemewe n’amategeko n’amabwiriza yose ya ngombwa hagamijwe kubungabunga umutekano rusnge no kubahiriza uburenganzira bw’abandi.

Mu buzima ni ngombwa buri gihe kugira imibereho myiza. Ingingo ya 25 y’itangazo mpuzamahangauburenganzira bwa muntu ivuga ko umuntu wese afite uburenganzira bwo kubona ibyangombwa nkenerwa kugirango we n’umuryango we bashobore kugira imibereho myiza, nko kubona ibibatunga, icyo bambara, icumbi, gushobora kwivuza n’ibindi bikorwa biteza imbere imibereho y’abaturage.

Amasezerano mpuzamahanga yerekeye uburenganzira muby’ubukungu, imibereho myiza n’umuco nayo ashimanggira iryo hame mu ngingo yayo ya 11 aho agira ati”ibihugu byasinye aya masezerano byubahiriza uburenganzira bwa buri muntu bwo kugira imibereho myiza ihagije kuri buri wese n’umuryango we, no kugira imirire, imyambarrire, n’aho atuye bihagije, ndetse n’ubwo kuzamura imibereho ye.

Ibihugu byemeye aya masezerano bifata ibyemezo byihariye kugirango ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’ubwo burenganzira bigenywe mu bufatanye mpuzamahanga bwemewe nta gahato.

Abantu bose bagomba kugenzerezanya kivandimwe, mu bwubahane, baggomba gufashanya kuko “nta ngizi yigize” “kandi inking imwe ntiyubaka inzu” gusabana rero ni ngombwa ku bantu bose.

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Uburenganzira bwa muntu ni bwubahirizwe mu Rwanda ndetse no mu isi yose.

Bifatiye kubyo muri, komisiyo y’amatora, uburere mboneragihugu ku matora mu Rwanda (imp. 18-21).

IBIBAZO KU MWANDIKO

1. Vuga ingingo zigaragaza uburenganzira bw’ikiremwamuntu ziri muri uyu mwandiko?

2. Erekana ibintu bivugwa mu mwandiko byabangamira uburenganzira bw’ikiremwamuntu.

3. Ushingiye k’umwandiko sobanura uburenganzira bw’ikiremwamuntu?

4. Tanga uburyo butatu bwakoreshwa mukubungabunga uburenganzira bw’ikiremwamuntu.

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UMWANDIKO KU MISOZO Y’INSHINGA ITONDAGUYE

UMUBYEYI AHANURA ABANA BE

Kabirigi umusaza ukuze cyane yari afite abana batatu.

Umuhungu umwe n’abakobwa babiri, maze abicaza hamwe abaha ikiganiro kirimo impanuro nyinshi ndetse kuko uyu musaza Kabirigi yari yarize yagiye abaha n’impanuro abandi bagiye bavuga cyangwa bandika nibwo yatangiye ababwira ati”nasomye igitabo, nsoma ko abishyizehamwe ntakibatanya ndetse ko nibyo bakoze byose bigenda neza. ” None rero mugende mukore mutikoresheje kandi mukorere hamwe nk’abavandimwe, ibi byose mbabwira muzabibona. Akomeza abaha urugero ati “ kera narahingisha nkeza ndetse ngasarura nkanahunika imyaka myinshi cyane kuko twaba twarakoreye hamwe. ”

Nakoze ibishoboka byose ngo mugire ubuzima bwiza kandi byarashobotse ndetse ngerageza no kubarera neza nkuko byari bikwiye. Bituma nizerako ari urugero rwiza n’abahaye namwe muzagenderaho ibyo bikazagaragarira muburyo namwe muzarera abana banyu, uko muzabana ubwanyu ndetse n’abaturanyi muri rusange. Bana banjye ubu nanjye bike mbika byinshi aribyo mubona ubu. Ntabandi nabiteganyirije uretse mwebe, none rero ubu murakuze mugiye gushaka ingo, ntamwana uruta undi kuko mwese ni ibyanzu haba uyu muhungu wanjye cyangwa mwabakobwa mwe! aho muri hose muzubahane muhurize hamwe rwose ntimuzitandukanye nibyo bizabateza imbere.

IBIBAZO KU MWANDIKO

1. Garagaza inshinga zitondaguye mu mwandiko

2. Sesengura inshinga ziciyeho akarongo

3. Erekana imisozo yizi nshinga ziciyeho akarongo

4. Garagaza amategeko y’igenamajwi yakoreshejwe

5. Vuga aho iyi misozo yizi nshinga itandukaniye.

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UMWANDIKO KU MIHEKANIRE Y’AMAJWI

IBIDUKIKIJE

Iyo ugenzuye neza, usanga abantu banshi bazi ibidukikije ibyo ari byo. Ariko kandi hari n’ibindi byinshi batazi bamenyereye ko harimo amashyamba, amazi, ubutaka n’ibindi. Ariko abazi ko na bantu ari ibidukikije ni bacye aho umwana ubajijwe ikibazo atibuka gushyiramo abantu n’inyamaswa. Ibirero usanga ari umutwaro munini ikiri mu burezi.

Muri rusange, ibidukikije ni byinshi yaba ibigaragara cyangwa ibitagaragara ndetse usanga hari nibyo umuco uca. Ariko kandi ntibigacike kuko bidufitiye akamaro kanini.

Umubyinnyi abyina kuko bihari, ubwato bugenda kuko amazi ahari, dutyaza ibyuma cyangwa imihoro kubera amabuye yewe n’ibiryo biboneka mu bidikikje. Kandi ninabyo bidufasha kujya ubunaka.

Ibidukikije rero ninabyo bivamo imiti ituvura yaba iya Kinyarwanda cyangwa iya kizungu, kuko harimo nk’umwishywa, igikakarubamba, n’ibindi.

Ibi byose bicapwa biva mu bidukikije ndatse ninaho dukura imyunyu ngugu ituma amagufwa yacu akomera. Abashakashatsi benshi bagaragaje ko ibidukikije bitariho n’abantu batabasha kubaho, niyo mpamvu tugomba kubibungabunga neza.

IBIBAZO KU MWANDIKO

1. Garagaza amajwi ahekanye mu mwandiko

2. Vuga ubwoko aya majwi aharereyemo

3. Andika mu nyandiko nyejwi amagambo aciyeho akarongo

4. Amajwi y’ibihekane aherereye mu matsinda angahe? Yavuge

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AMAZINA Y’INKA

Ibikurikira byerekeye amazina y’inka byakuwe mu gitabo cya Alexis KAGAME mu gitabo cye cyitwa amazina y’inka igitabo cya mbere.

1. Intiti = Abanyabwenge bw’uRwanda rwa kera

Amazina y’Inka, bivuga Ibyivugo by’Inka. (Icyo twita Icyivugo mu Kinyarwanda, mu Kirundi cyitwa Izina).

Guhimba Amazina y’Inka bivuga ngo “kwita”, n’abanayabwenge babikora bagakulizaho kuba Abisi.

Nk’uko guhanga Ibyivugo ngo ali “uguhimba”, n’abanyabwenge babikora bagakulizaho kwitwa Abahimbyi.

Nk’ukwo guhanga ibisigo ari “ugusiga”, n’abanyabwenge babikora bagakurizwaho kwitwa Abasizi.

Iyo rero uvuze uti: “ Umusizi wahimbye iri zina ry’inka “, uba uvuze amakosa menshi mu tugambo duke:

- icya mbere: umusizi ntahimba, arasiga.

- icya kabiri: Bahimba ibyivugo, ntibahimba amazina y’inka.

- icya gatatu: Izina ry’inka ntaho rihuriye n’umusizi, no guhimba.

Nanone mukinyarwanda gisanzwe, iyo nshinga ngo “guhimba”isobanura ngo guhanga ikintu kitari gisanzwe ukacyadukana bwa mbere. Waba ukurikije icyo gisobanuro, washobora kwivugira ko bahimba Ibisigo n’Amazina y’Inka.

Nyamara bose uko ari batatu, Umusizi, Umwisi n’Umuhimbyi bafite ijambo rimwe bahuriyeho, warikoresha ukaba uba komatanyije: Iryo jambo ni intiti. Risobanurwango:Abazirikanyi;abantu bakoresha ubwenge bwa bo, bagatondekanya amagambo asanzwe y’ururimi rwacu bakayahimbisha ibintu by’ubugenge, bakayavugisha ibitekerezo biteye ubwuzu, bihimbaje amatwi. Hakaba n’ubwo bayatondekanya mo ibintu bitige ze biba ho, ndetse n’ibitashobora kuba ho, maze igihe ubyumvise bikaguhimbaza, ntiwirirwe

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utekereza ko bitaba ho, cyangwa ndetse ko bidashobora no kubaho, ahubwo ukarangarira ubwuzu utewe n’ubwo buhanga bavumbuye.

Ibyo bashodekeranya mo amagambo yari asanzwe, n ink’uko abahanga mu buririmbyi bakoresha ubwomongane bw’ijwi, bakabubyaza indirimbo induhimbaza, ari ukuririmbisha ijwi gusa, ari no kurihuriranya n’umurya w’inanga. Cyangwa nk’uko abahanga mu buboshyi, benda imitamu n’ibindi, bakabihangisha amabara aryoheye amaso, ari ku biseke, arikunsika, ari no ku bibazwa.

Abisi rero b’Amazina y’inka, ni icyiciro mu ntiti z’uRwanda rwa kera. Bagize icyo benda gutambutsa ku bindi byiciro by’Intiti: Ni bo biremeye ubuhanga bwabo, badafite icyo bendera ho cy’ukuri.

:Ibyivugo birata intwari bikavuga ibirindiro (aho bagize ubutwari) n’ibigwi(amazina y’ababisha bishe), ibyo byarabayeho koko. Ibisigo byarataga Abami ubutwari bwagizwe ku ngoma zabo, na byo byari bifite interuro y’ukuri.

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2. IMITWE Y’INKA.

Abisi rero bashoboye bate guhurisha inka no kuziremesha ingamba?Kugirango ibyo bishoboke, hagombaga kuba amakimbirane, ibice birwana ishyaka, biharanirakurushanwa, bifitanye amarwanize. Abisi babiremye batya:

Mbere tumenyeko ntanka n’imwe yo mu Rwanda yabaga ari nyamwigendaho, kabone n’akanyana kavutse uwo munsi. Zose zari zararemwe mo imtwe y’inka, kandi buri mutwe ukagira izina ryawo bwite. Byagendaga bikurikije imitwe y’ingabo:Nta munyarwanda n’umwe wo mu gitsina- gabo, kabone n’umwana mutoya, kabone n’abatwa b’impunyu bo mu ishyamba, wabaga Atari mu mutwe w’inga bo uyu n’uyu. Bityo rero, umutwe w’ingabo wabaga ufite izina ryawo bwite, maze inka yose umuntu atunze wo muri uwo mutwe, ikaba iyo mu mutwe w’inka ubangikanye n’uwo mutwe w’ingabo. Ingero tuzendere ku mitwe y’inka yari ifite itegeko ryo korora inyambo:

UMUTWE W’INGABO UMUTWE W’INKA

Uruyange IngeyoAbashakamba UmuhoziImvejuru InkabuzimaInzirabwoba IndirikirwaAbakemba ImisugiIndirira InyangamuteyiAbakwiye AmahameAbatanguha MpahweNdushabandi NdushabandiIpama-kwica Ingaju z’iGiseke Abasharangabo Ibitare(by’iNyarubuye)Intaganzwa UruyenziAbasharangabo Ibitare

Hariho izibangikanye n’Umutwe wabashumba bazo, bikavuga ko bene abongabo batahuruzwaga mu bitero, ahubwo bakabazwa imirimo yerekeye ubushumba. Ingero za bene iyo mitwe y’abashumba:

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Umutwe w’abashumba Imitwe y’inka1. Abanyarugaga Urugaga2. Abanyazogeye Izogeye3. Abanyakaganda Akaganda4. Abanyaruhita-mbazi Uruhitambazi5. Abanyamiseke Imiseke6. Abanyanyanga-mutsindo Inyanga-mutsindo7. Abanyangaju Ingaju z’igasabo8. Abanyaburirima Uburirima

Mwibuke ko izi ngero dutanze ari iz’imitwe y’inka yari ifite umuhango wo korora inyambo akaba ari izo twashoboye kubona amazina yazo. N’Imitwe y’ingabo yindi yari itunze inka z’inkuku zabaga zifite izina bwite ry’uwo mutwe wazo. Byongeye

kandi habayeho indi mitwe yororaga Inyambo, ariko ntitwayivuze kuko nta mazina yazo twashoboye kubona: yari yaribagiranye igihe dutangiye kuyandi muwa 1936.

Byongeye kandi, byumvikana ko Umutwe w’inka wororwagamo inyambo, wabaga ufite n’andi mashyo y’inkuku. Birumvikana rero ko ayo mashyo yabaga yararemwe n’umutware w’ingabo, yari icyiciro kigarara cyo muri uwo mutwe w’inka. Ikindi cyiciro ni amashyo y’abantu babaga bakomeye bo muri uwo mutwe w’ingabo, nayo akaba icyiciro cya kabiri cyo muri uwo mutwe w’inka. Icyiciro cya ngatatu cyari kigizwe n’inka zitwaga Imbata;ni ukuvuga inka zitunzwe n’aboroheje, ba rubanda rusange rwo muri uwo mutwe w’ingabo.

Urugero: Niba uri mu mutwe w’imvejuru, utagize umuntu ukugabira inka, ariko ukaba utunze izo: a)wiciriye ubwawe, zikomotse ku isuka yawe;b) izo wakwerewe;c)izo wagororewe wagize ubutwari;d) izo wahawe kubuntu n’amacuti. Izongizo ni imbata zawe, ari byo kuvuga ngo : izawe bwite utagira undi uzikuburanya.

Izo mbata ni zo cyiciro cya gatatu cy’umutwe w’inka; niba uri mu mutwe w’Imvejuru, izo mbata zawe ni Inka buzima, niba uri mu w’Abashakamba nazo ni Umuhozi, n’ibindi bityo, bityo. Izo nka, nyirazo yazitegekwagamo n’umutware w’ingabo; (umutware w’ingabo bavugaga ngo agutwara ku ngabo, cyangwa; agutwara k’umuheto), Igihe Inka z’Imbata zashoboraga kunyagwa nyirazo, ni igihe gusa yabaga yanze gutabara bamuhuruje mu bitero bigabwe amahanga, cyangwa se yanze kubaka inkike y’iBwami Na bwo kandi,

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igihe yabaga ayinyazwe, umutware w’ingabo ntiyashoboraga kuziyendera: zagombaga guhabwa umwana utarubaka wo muri uwo muryango wa nyiri-ukuzinyagwa kuko zabaga zihagarariwe n’umutware w’Umuryanga: kuwuvamo rero, byajyaga kuba ari ukunyaga uwo muryango.

Byagendaga bite rero, igihe umunyambata yashakaga kwunguka inka, maze akagira uwo yajyaga guhakwaho, akamugabanaho izindi? Izo z’ingabane, ntizinjiraga mu Mutwe w’Inka wa nyiri-ukugabana: zagumyaga kuba izo mu mutwe w’Inka wa shebuja. Bityo, umunyambata wagabanaga inka ahandi, hatari mu mutwe w’Ingabo we bwite yabaga atunze inka zigengwa n’imitwe y’Inka ibiri.

Byagendaga bite niba shebuja ashatse kunyaga wa mugaragu we? Byajya mu rubanza, shebuja agahagarikirwa n’umutwara ku ngabo, n’umugaragu agaharikirwa n’umutwara ku ngabo, n’umutwara ku ngabo, maze abaca-manza bagatandukanya imbata n’ingabane. ni byo bitaga gucisha igikingisho hagati.

Umugaragu agatahana rero imbata ze, zihagarariwe n’umutware ku ngabo, na shebuja bikaba ukwo.

Inka Abisi bita Amazina rero ni izihe muri ibyo byiciro tumaze kubona:Izo bita ni amashyo yIngabo gusa ;naho iz’inkuku zahimbirwaga ibindi byitwa amahamba, amajuri, umuyengayengo, n’ibindi tuzarondora mu gihe cyabyo.

3. ”Ibihogo “-“Amagaju”

Izo Nyambo se, baziremagamo bate ibice by’marwanize, ngo bashobore kuziremesha intambara ? Baziremagamo ibice by’amarwanize, bendeye ku nkomoko yazo y’ibanze zikajya kuremwa.

Dore : Imitwe y’Inka ikijya kuremwa ; bahimbaraga kurema ubushyo bw’ibanze bumwe, maze Umutware w’Ingabo nshya (ziherutse kuremwa bwa nyuma) agahabwa ubushyo, akabwita Izina. Niba bwa bushyo bw’ibanze wa Mutware abwise Umuhozi, iryo zina rikaba ribaye burundu iry’umutwe mushya w’Inka. Ni nk’ukwo izina ry’umutwe w’Ingabo ryabaga izina bise Itorero rya mbere na mbere, iryabaye iremero ry’uwo Mutwe). Igihe rero wumvise ngo : Ingeyo, Inkabuzima, Inkondera, Umuhozi, n’abandi mazina y’Imitwe y’Inka, ni ukuvuga ko ari iry’ubushyo bwa mbere na mbere ryabaga akaramata kun ka zose zitwa zityo.

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Nyamara urebye iyi ngingo : ubwo bushyo bw’ibanze habaga iyo buremwa butowe mu Rwanda, hakaba n’iyo buremwa butowe mu minyago ivuye mu ndorwa cyangwa mu nkore.

1) Niba zitowe mu Rwanda : Abisi bati : “ni IBIHOGO”.

2) Niba zitowe mu minyago yAbahima, Abisi bati : “ni AMAGAJU”.

Igihe rero tuzajya twumva Ibihigo n’Amagaju mu Mazina y’Inka, ntimuzakeke ko ari ukuvuga amabara y’izo nka; bizaba bikurangira ko inkomoko yazo, inkomoko y’ubushyo bw’ibanze, zatowe mu Rwanda (Ibihogo), cyangwa mu miryango ivuye mu bazima (Amagaju). Dore ingero:

1. Umuhozi = Amagaju

2. Ingeyo = Ibihogo

3. Inkabuzima = Amagaju

4. Ingaju z’i Giseke= Amagaju

4. Imirwanire y’Inka, bite?

Abisi bahaye Inka amacumu abiri, ari byo kuvuga :amahembe yayo kuko rero ubundi amacumu atwaranwa n’ingabo, haba ubwo zihabwa ingabo. Icyo zidashobora gutwara ni imiheto.

Ikindi rero tugomba kudahuga :muri izo ntambara, ink anta bwo zirwana n’izindi Nka. Iyo bazigereranije, bashobora kuvuga gusa ko imwe iruta indi ubwiza, bigahinira aho. Abo zitera amacumu yazo, ni abashumba; izo mu bwoko bw’Ibihogo ziyatera abo mu bwoko bw’Amagaju, n’izo mu bwoko bw’Amagaju zikayatera abashumba bo mu bwoko bw’ibihogo. Nyamara mu bategeka b’Inyambo, harimo inzego eshanu:

1. Umwami

2. Umutware w’Ingabo

3. Umutware w’Inyambo

4. Umutahira

5. Abarenza-mase.

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Aba mbere bombi turumva icyo bivuga ; abongabo bombi Umwisi yirinda kubateza Inyambo, cyangwa kubitirira. Mu Mazina y’Inka, kwitirira bivuga gupfobya, kuvuga undi mu magambo amuhinuyura, amugabaniriza icyubahiro.

Nyamara ibyo kutitrira Umutware w’Ingabo byadutse ku ngoma ya Kigeli IV Rwabugiri; hariho Amazina y’inka yo ku ngoma ya Mutara II Rwogera yerekana ko Umwisi w’igihangange witwaga Bikungero yitirira Abatware b’ingabo. Reba ubushyo Ndimbira ;Izo mu Muhozi, indunduro y’Inka ya Rutenderi (HOZI, kuva ku ibango rya 3ikurikiyeho, 36) aho yitirira Rukaka (igisingizo cya Rwakagara, Umutware w’uruyange)no mu ndunduro y’inka ya Ruburika ikurikiyeho, (kuva ku

ibango rya 60) aho yitirira Nyarwaya –Urutesi wari Umutware w’imvejuru. Cyangwa se urebe inka ya Nyarwaya yo mu Ngangura –rugo izo mu zogeye (ZOG III ; mu muvugo IV, amabango 122-124) aho uwo mwisi yitirira Rwampembe rwa Nkusi wari umutware w’Abashakamba, na Rutebuka rwa Rwihimba :wari umutwre w’Abkemba. Izo ngero zitwereka ko ibyo kutitirira Abatware b’ingabo ari akamenyero kari katarabaho ku ngoma ya Mutara II Rwogera.

Naho uwa gatatu Umutware w’Inyambo, ni umutware washyirwagaho ngo agenge Inyambo zose zo muri uwo mutwe w’inka. Ubwo butegetsi yaburagaga umwana we, bakagenda basimburana mu bisekuruza byose. Umutware w’ingabo yashoboraga kunyagwa ingabo yahawe, akaba anyagiwe ko n’umutware w’inka bibangikanye. Naho Umutware w’inyambo ntiyanyagwa: yari ashinzwe guhora yorora Inyambo, akagenda azongera mu ibangurira ry’inkuku ku mapfizi y’inyambo. Bwari ubumenyi umuryango we ushinzwe ku ngoma zose.

●Uwa kane Umutahira, ni umuntu w’umunyacyubahiro baremeraga ubushyo bw’Inyambo, akaburagira bukazarinda busaza. Guha umuntu ubushyo ngo aburagire by’itwaga kumuziturira (kuzitura inyana mu kiraro, bakazimuha). Babyitaga kandi kumuha inkoni (inkoni y’ubushumba). Inka zo muri ubwo bushyo zamaraga kuba amabuguma, Umutware w’inyambo akazimucyurira. Gucyurira umutahira, byavugaga kuzimwegurira ngo azigire ize bwite, (azicyure mu rugo rwe). Ubwo rero yamaraga kuzicyurirwa, akaziguza izindi (kuziha abashaka kuzikenuza, bakamugwatiriza inka, yazabyara akazishyura umukangara wayo). Umutahira wabaga yacyuriwe ubushyo bw’Inyambo, inka ze bwite zahindukaga imirundi y’inyambo. Ibyo ni ukuvuga ko yabaga yinjiye burundu mu mategeko y’abashumba b’inyambo akazajya atorwa

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inyana yo kugwiza ubushyo baremye. Yabaga rero yinjiye mu cyiciro cy’abashumba b’Inyambo, hazajya haca imyaka bakazongera kumuremera ubushyo bw’Inyambo, ari we, ari mu bahungu be.

●•Uwa gatatu : Umurenza-mase (ukuka amase akayarenza inkike y’urugo), ni abungeri bishyirirwagaho n’umutahira, bakaragira inka mu izina rye, bakazikenura mu iragira ryazo, bakazicira icyarire, n’ibindi nk’ibyo.

Umwisi yabaga agiye kwita inyambo, akaziteza umutware w’inyambo n’umutahira w’abarenza –mase. Yagombaga ariko kuba azi byimazeyo Imitwe yo mu Magaju n’iyo mu Bihogo, kugira ngo niba yise Ibihogo (nko mu ngeyo) ataza guteza abanyanyambo bo mu wundi Mutwe w’ibihogo. Yagombaga ubwo kuziteza abo mu Mitwe y’amagaju bonyine. Ahuze akabisobanya, yabaga ashoje intambara y’ubwiko ari byo kuvuga kurwanisha abafitanye isano ; kubadwanga bagasubiranamo. Byajyaga rero kuba byerekanye ko ari umuswa, ko yisutse mu byo kwita atabizi imuzi n’umuhamuro.

5. IMYORORERWE Y’INYAMBO

Tumaze kuvuga iby’imirundi y’Inyambo, ko uwigeze kuzicyurirwa yagombaga gutorwa inyana zigashyirwa mu bushyo bw’inyambo buremwe. Birumvikana ko izo nyana batoraga batyo, zabaga ari inkuku, zikavangwa n’inyambo. Ubwo bushyo bw’inyambo, wenda bwabaga burimo inyambo nyakurinka 30, nka 35, zigasokwamo inkuku wenda zenda kungana na zo, ariko igihe cyo kujya mu birori hakarobanurwa Inyambo. Izo nkuku zari zifite akamaro mu buryo bubiri:

● Zarabyaraga, abashumba baziragiye (abarenza-mase) bakazihabwaho intizo, bakazinywa. N’iyo umwisi yamaraga kwita Inyambo, bamutizaga imbyeyi imwe muri izo nkuku, akayitahana iwe, akazayigarura itetse. Byari igihembo cye cya gateganyo, kugeza igihe azaba arangije, noneho akazagira imwe agororerwa burundu muri izo nkuku nyine.

● Ubwa kabiri, izo nkuku bazibanguriraga ku mfizi y’inyambo, maze ku Bwabazi bwa mbere zikabyara inka nziza, zitakiri inkuku rwose, ariko ntizibe n’inyambo, zikitwa ikigarama; babangurira ikigarama ku mfizi y’inyambo ubwo bwabazi bwa kabiri bukaba mu rwego bitaga inkera –kibumbiro. Bakongera kuzibangurira ku mfizi y’inyambo, maze ubwo bwabazibwa gatatu bukaba

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inyambo ariko zuzuye neza, zo mu rwego bitaga imirizo. Na yo bakayibangurira ku mfizi y’inyambo, noneho ubwo bwabazi bw’imperuka bukaba inyambo z’ingegene ari byo kuvuga : zuzuye neza.

Igisumba ni imirizo mu mutwe w’inka utigeze ingegene. Ni cyo cyatumaga mu Nyambo haragumaga umuryango ushinzwe kuzorora, kugira ngo imihindagurirwe y’abatware b’inyambo itazatuma ubumenyi bw’iyo myororere buhungabana. Bari barabonye ko inyambo zonyine, kugumya kuzibangurira ku nyambo batazizanyemo amaraso mashya y’inkuku, byatumaga zigera aho zigasubira inyuma ku bwiza ubwoko bwazo bukaba rero bwarajyaga kuzacika.

Nyamara hariho n’ubundi buryo bwo kubangurira inyambo : kujyana iz’ingegene bakazibangurira ku mfizi y’inkuku. Ubwo bwabazi bwa mbere bwavukaga ari ingegene. Bakoreshaga rero izo nzira zombie zo kworora inyambo.

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UBUSHYO BW’INYAMBO Z’INGEGENE BWABAGA BWARAVUKIYE RIMWE.

Tugiye kuvuga nyuma y’aha ko umwisi yatumirwaga kwita ubushyo bw’inyambo bumaze kubyara uburiza. Ubushyo bw’inyambo bwabyariraga rimwe agatsinda bwabaga bwaravukiye rimwe. Ukwo kuvukira rimwe, impamvu yari iyingiyi:

Amashashi y’inyambo yararindaga, ntibahereko babangurira irinze yose ahubwo bakazihorera zikarinduka. Aho bazashakira ko zibangurirwa, bakazishora ku iriba rihiye.

Iliba lihiye, ni iriba ry’amazi y’urwunyunyu rukaze, maze inka iryuhiweho igahodoka. “Guhodoka” bivuga kugira icyokere mu mubiri kiyitera ubuzinukwe bw’amazi ya bene iryo riba rihiye, igihe icyifitemo ubuhodoke, wayishora ku mazi ahiye, ikayanga, ahubwo ikishakira amazi asanzwe y’umugezi, kugira ngo ihoshe icyo cyokere yiyumvamo. Ubwo bavuga ko iryo riba rihotora (iryo inka zinywaho zigahodoka). Ubuhodoke bwamaraga iminsi myinshi, ndetse bikageza ku kwezi no ku mezi abari. Iriba ryarushaga ayandi kuba lihiye, baribwiraga n’iminsi rihotora.

Iyo nka buhiye, niba yakamwaga, imara gukuka ku iriba rihiye, ikagira iyayumo ni ukuvuga kumira amata, igakamwa dukeye cyane. Nyamara uko ubuhodoke buyigabanukamo, ikangishira. “kwangishira” bivuga :kugenda yongera umukamo bikazageza aho irenza ku rugero yakamwaga itarashorwa kuri rya riba rihiye (kwangishira si iby’amazi ahiye gusa : n’iyo inka zirishije uruhira, igisigati, cyangwa ubwatsi bwiza, na bwo zirangishira).

Iyo rero iby’uguhodoka birangiye, ubushyo bwose bwuhiwe ya mazi ahiye bwarindiraga icyarimwe: ubwo bakazibangurira, zikazabyarira rimwe rero, inyana zazo zikaremwa zinganya amavuta.

Hari igitekerezo cyiza cya bene ayo mariba ahiye. Ku ngoma ya Yuhi wa IV Gahindiro, igihe yari atuye I Murinja ho ku Mayaga (muri Komini ya Muyira), bagiye impaka z’amariba atambukije ayandi gushya. Birumvikana kuko abo mu mahugu ategeranye bamenyaga amariba bashoraho, ntibatekereze uko ayandi ameze. Gahindiro rero atumira amakoro y’amazi y’amariba y’Igihugu cyose. Amakoro y’ayo mazi amazekugera i murinja, bafukura ibibumbiro inyuma yo ku karubanda(akarubanda ni umuharuro w’i bwami aho buri muntu

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yashoboraga kwigendera uko ashaka, ntihagire umubuza). [Bamaze kuzisogongeza ku bibumbiro byose barazahura ariko barazireka zihitiramo.

Zose ziza zisibanira amazi yo mu rushya rwanyamirango, iribaryo mu bwishya(ubu ni muri kongo);izihabuze umwanya zisanga iriba rya mupfu ryo mu Bunyambiriri;izihabuze umwanya zinywa ku rya Ngugu ryo mu mutara. Izibuze umwanya kuri ayongayo zangagusanga ayandi, zigaruka kurwanira umwanya kuri ayo uko ari atatu. Zica zityo urubanza ko iriba ryo mu rushya rwa Nyamirango riyaruta yose, hagataho mupfu na ngugu.

Icyo mutazitiranya:Iriba rihiye ryitwa imbuga cyangwa ibuga, iridahiye nkoho hose ho mugihugu bapfakuhira inka, ryitwa urwoyo

Amariba ahiye barayahagurukiraga, bagakora urugendo ruraza nzira ndetse n’iminsi ibiri. Urworugendo rujyakuhira kure, byitwa kurekera, abarukoze bayoboye inka zabo bakitwa abarekezi. Niba ari urugendo ruraye ijoro rimwe, bashoboraga gusiga inyana zikarara ukubiri nazanyina ibyo bakabyita kurara iragwe. Habaga ubwo inka icika nijoro, ishaka iyayo;ibyo bikitwa guhomora. amariba ahiye bayashakiraga n’akandi kamaro:ngo yavuraga inka indwara zimwe na zimwe ariko izabimenyerejwe buri mwaka zabibura zikagubwa nabi zigasogobwa.

Inka zuhirwaga mu cyi amariba ahiye, kugira ngo zibangurirwe ku mpeshyi zizabyare mu itumba, zibone ubwatsi bwinshi kumvura. Nanone inka yabyaraga mu cyi, mu minsi yambere ntiyakamwaga:bayiragiraga mu bwatsi bw’inkome bubonetse bwose. Nyamara iminsi ya mbere yo kuyihemba yararangiraga, igasigara yanamye irisha hamwe n’izindi, bikayizahaza, igakurizamo kurwara muhekenyi. Aborozi ba kera rero, ndavuga abari babizi uburyo, ntibabanguriraga inka za bo mugihe kizahurirana n’uko zibyara mu cyi.

Twibuke kandi ko habagaho itegeko ryo kweza amariba imvura y’itumba ivuye hasi;kuko imvura iba yarayoboye mo imivu iyazana mo umwanda. Bavanaga mo amazi, iriba bakarisukura, bakabona kuryuhiraho. Iribaritejejwe itumba rivuye hasi bari bazi ko ritera muhekenyi mu nka. Uwo murimo wo kweza amariba(kimwe no kuyafukura mbere), byari bitegetswe abafite inka bose, bonyine;uwanze kubijya mo bakamukoma iryo riba, ntazashobore kuryuhiraho. Iribariteze ryitwa umugwira,

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n’amazi yaryo arimo umwanda akitwa umugwira.

Hariho amariba yakera cyane ategekwa n’Abatware bayagabanye, abajekuhira bakabanza kubatura. Nyamara amariba menshi ntiyagiraga umutware w’Ibuga habanzaga kuhira uwatanze abandi gufata amazi, abandi bakaza gukurikirana ukobagiye bahamusanga. wajyaga gufata amazi, yazindukaga cyaneakarema ku iriba, bwamara gucya akadahira umwanya waburimurimuntu wokuhira, witwaga umurambi. habaga ubwo haza umuntu w’ikinyamaboko agashaka guhuguza abandi umurambi wabo, bakarwana. kurwanira amazi byitwaga gukomata, ari byo byenderaho ryajambo ngo(inkomati).

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AMAZINA Y’ABISI

Ndakeka ko hagiye habaho abisi b’intamenyekana, bitewe n’uko babaga badafite ubuhanga bukaze bwogutuma amazina bitaga ahimbaza abayumva. iyo mpamvu yagombaga gutuma bayafashe mu nteruro badatinyuka kuyogeza. Abisi twashoboye kumenya mu mazina ni abangaba:

Nkibiki, wo ku ngoma ya Gahindiro

1. Mugaragu, wo ku ngoma ya Gahindiro, iya Rwogera

2. Bwalike, wo ku ngoma ya Gahindiro, iya Rwogwera n’iya Rwabugili

3. Bukombe, wo ku ngoma ya Rwogere n’iya Rwabugili

4. Bikungero, wo ku ngoma ya Rwogera n’iya Rwabugili

5. Ndangamira, wo ku ngoma ya Rwabugili

6. Mareba, wo ku ngoma ya Rwabugili

7. Rukazambuga rwa Serupfura, wok u ngoma ya Rwabugili, asaza kuya Rudahigwa

8. Rutaneshwa rwa Bikungero, ku ngoma ya Rwabugili n’iya Musinga

9. Ndibyariye, wo ku ngoma ya Musinga n’iya Rudahigwa

10. Nyagahungu, woku ngoma ya Rudahigwa

11. Mariko Sebikara, woku ngoma ya Rudahigwa

12. Rucakatsi, woku ngoma ya Rudahigwa

Nyamara abambere 9 nibo bari abiisi batyaye, uretse Rukazambuga (uwa 8) wigaragajeho ubuhanga bucye mu Mazina y’Inka yise; we yapfaga gukurikiranya amagambo gusa, ntashodekeranye amagambo agusha hamwe, yo kugaragaza ubwenge bucungeye. Ababiri bakurikiyeho (uwa 10 n’uwa 11), nanone twafashe amazina bise, ariko ntibari bakiri muri roho y’intiti zo kuvugwaho ubwo buhanga.

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Uwa 12, Mariko Sebikara, we nabonye izina rimwe risa yise, ariko ntiyabanje kwitegereza imihimbirwe y’izina ry’Inka ngo akurikize amateegeko yabyo.

Uwa 13, Rucakatsi; twandikishijwe amazina abiri yise; nawe yari afite amatwara meza.

Higeze kuba undi mwiisi, witwaga Rubulika rwa Mukotanyi wo ku ngoma ya Musinga, ariko we nta zina na rimwe nashoboye kubona rye. Nasanze gusa Bitekerezo yarise ubushyo bwitwa Intaganirwa bwo mu Mutwe w’izimanye (iryo zina ni ukubangura Izimanye- na- Mibambwe).

Abo bisi bose nttibahuje imyiitire: umwe afite uburyo bwe undi ubwe. Ni byo byitwa “Inganzo”, ari byo kuvuga: imiryohereze bwite ya buri mwiisi. Iyo wumvise izina, waramenyereye kuyumva kenshi, ushobora kwimenyesha ko ari irya Bwalike cyangwa irya Bikungero, ukavuga uti: “iryo ni inganzo ya kanaka, naho iya kanaka igusha ukundi”. Nicyo gituma bavuga ko “kujya mu nganzo”, ali byo kuvuga:gutangira guhimba icyintu cy’ubwo buhanga bw’amagambo(Igisigo, Izina ry’inka). Iyo umuntu ari mu nganzo, ariherera, akajya ukwe kwa wenyine, nko mu mpinga y’umusozi, ngo hatagira abamuganiriza bakamutesha ibyo yari amaze ggutondekanya. N’iyo agarutse imuhira, amara kurya no kunywa, akajya kuryama, ntaganire n’abandi, nabo bakirinda kuvugira iruhande rwe ngo batamurangaza, bakamutesha.

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Inyambo zibyaye uburiza umwiisi aziha INCUTSO

Iyo ubushyo bw’Inyambo bwabyaraga uburiza, umutahira yatumizaga umwiisi yishakiye mu bo bazi babahanga. Umwiisi ntiyashoboraga kwanga kwita inyambo, kuko ari wo murimo yabazwaga mu Gihugu. Ariko igihe yabaga afite impamvu, yashoboraga kwanga,

bakabimurega I Bwami, bikaba urubanza, akavuga impamvu yamubujije. Cyane cyane izo mpamvu zabaga ko yabaga yaraje mbere bakamufata nabi, cyangwa bakamugororera inka mbi, n’ibindi nk’ibyo.

Yabaga aje rero, bakarobanura Inyambo z’ingegene zo muri ubwo bushyo, bakazimumurikira. Icyo gihe ziba zigikura zitaraba ibihame: babaga rero bataramenya izaba inyamibwa muri zo. Zose rero akazita, imwe izina ryayo, indi iryayo. Uko ahimba abarenzamase bakamuba iruhande bagatora ibyo yagumaga

guhimba (Gutora= nibyo ubu twita gufata mu Mutwe). Umwiisi ubwe ntiyagombaga gutora ibyo ahimba byose; nawe yashakaga kubyumva akagenderera abarenza – mase.

Ayo mazina y’Inyambo zibyaye uburiza, yitwa Incutso (inshinga : gucuutsa): Dore rero akayobera – baswa:n’ubwo incutso zabagaa ari nyinshi ariko umwisi yerekanaga ko ari ubushyo bumwe yise. Kugirango abbigaragaze, mu mabango y’interuro ya buri ncutso agashyiramo ijambo rimwe uzajya usanga muri zo zose. Urugero: igihe Ndangamira yagiye kwita I Zamuje zo mu Mutwe w’aKaganda inka ya Biramba yari itaremezwa kuba indatwa y’ubushyo;icyo gihe rero Ndangamira yayise Incutso igizwe n’amabango 51 abanziriza iryo zina; hanyuma akurikizaho n’izindi zo muri ubwo bushyo. incutso yagiraga ijambo rigaragaza ubumwe bw’ubushyo bwiswe incutso aryo ryitwa Impakanizi y’ubushyo

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Izina ry’UMUZINGE, Iyo Inyambo zibyaye ubuheta

Iyo ubushyo bw’Inyambo bwabyaraga Ubuheta, zabaga zimaze guhama, zitagikura;ubwo rero iy’Indatwa muri zo ikaba yarigaragaje. Umutahira rero agatumiza wa mwiisi wari warazihaye incutso; bakamwereka ya Ndatwa, maze akayizinga. Kuzinga ni ukwita izina

rirerire rigabanijemo ibice (mu gifaransa: chants). Umwisi abigenza ate rero? Atrya: afata ibango ry’imperuka rya ya ncutso, akarigira ibango rya mbere ry’igice kiyikurikiye. Bityo rero, igice cya kabiri cy’umuzinge ntikigira interuro yacyo bwite. Igice cya gatatu nicyo gitangira kugira interuro yacyo bwite. Nyamara ibango ry’imperuka ryo mu ncutso rigumya kuba indunduro y’ibice byose, iyo wumvise igarutse, umenya ko igice kimwe kirangiye. Iryo bango rero riba impakanizi y’umuzinge, ngo ryerekana ubumwe bw’ibyo bice byose, ko ari izina risingiza inka imwe, nk’uko impakanizi yo mu ncutso yerekana ubumwe bw’ubushyo.

Noneho tureke kugumya kuvuga ngo” ibice” by’umuzinge, turebe amazina yabyo: igice cy’interuro y’umuzinge (cya kindi cyahoze ari incotso), mu Umuzinge byitwa impamagazo. Icya kabiri cyitwa impakanizi, kuko interuro yacyo ari rya bango rigenewe kuba nyine impakanizi y’umuzinge. Kuva ku cya gatatu, ibyo bice byitwa imivugo, keretse icy’imperuka. Icy’imperuka, iyo umwisi abishatse akigira umusibo, cyangwa imivunano (ntashobora kubikoresha byombi icyarimwe).

Umusibo: ni ibisingizo bicucutse bivuga ya ndatwa yonyine.

Imivunano: biva ku nshinga “kuvuna”, kuvunana bisobanura gutabarana, kurengerana. Ubwongubwo za nka zose z’ubwo bushyo zihabwa ibisingizo k’umurongo hakaza guheruka iyo Indatwa ikazisezerera.

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URUGERO RW’IZINA RY’INKA

INYANGA – MUTEYI

TEYI Ubushyo: bajyaheIndatwa: inka ya Rutsinga

Amabango : 700 Umutahira : Harakandi rya Rubungo Umwisi : Marebe

Iri zina ryandikishijwe na Munanira wa Ndutiye w’I Musha. Umwisi wazo, Mareba yatumenyesheje igihe ubu bushyo bwabayeho, kuko icyo gihe Mibambwe wa IV Rutarindwa yari yimanye na Se;reba amabango 127, 138, 530. Bivuga rero ko ziswe hagati y’imyaka 1890 na 1892, ubwo Mareba yishwe n’ubushita mu mwaka wa 1893.

TEYIBAJYAHE

INKA YA RUTSINGAI

1. Rwanamiza ku rugamba Yuhira amacumu y’iNgeli Rwamigogo ya nyili-imbaga iMpeta yo mu Baziraguhunga

5. ihatse iZogeye na Mporera n’amashyo y’I Mbuye n’iMpundu ntigire impuhwe mu mihigo iMpeta Cyubahiro yaremye Kigeli asingiza I Rwanda

10. Ikaziba mo ari rwagiriza Ntibihirwe n’inkindi Ibimburira inkeba-bigwi Nkubito ya rukema-nganizi Mugusumba inka z’I rubona(No1125cyangwa1137cyangwa 1140)

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15. igacurangwa mu ndende Za Rw’inka y’ I mutakara Ikazibamo ari mugenza Ubwo zigiye kwambarira Kumuremure wa sakara

20. mu mirwa Ruseka bigwari Yungukiye Rwabugili Imana yazisanze I musha Izanye n’Intwaza mirego Ni wo munsi iNgeri ziMpeta

25. zateranyaga urwego Umwimura w’impaya-maguru Asanga iNgeli zanyoye mu mbuga ya Kiruhura barasagukwa n’ibirori

30. by’iMpeta za Semukanya bazikurira urugera bazicira ko n’urugendo abarebaga urugamba rw’iz’Ijuru ry’ i kigembe

35. bageza i Ndago ya Rubona mu ntaho y’inzira zanga guhita umuyombo zisiga zubitse imihana i Munyiginya w’abanyabihogo

40. i Mwurire barazikeza N’ i Gishari cya ruguru kwa Rwabiza-murego barangira mu mihana barangamira amariza

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45. y’umugabe wa Rwogera Yakuze ahwanya urugero Nyiri-igira ukayisanga mu Ngeri za mpabuka impundu z’irangurure

50. ziravanga n’ibihubi Ziravuga uMubuga w’ingabo Ziragumya zirahinda Mu bitwa bya Rwamagana Umunsi urinda gukura

55. bakireba amakamba Atagarambira amaso Mugabo ntiyaba ikirega Amera ku kirangirire Cy’amariza ya Rwogera

60. atahamo Cyubahiro Cy’inyanuzi yo mu gicu Izo nkuba si imbarirano Ni izo kwa Nyiri-imbara Zeguye umwamirizi

65. zakuyeho inganizi Zahitanye ingungizi Jye uba imbere y’inzira Nzibashingire urugero Si umuturuko w’inkuku

70. ni umutwe wa serugo Usanzwe muri Rugendo Zaremye urugamba Mu mirambi ya munyaga Zabaye igisagara

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75. zaserereye igihugu Zasagutse abahizi Ziraharamba imisozi Zisangira urugamba Mu mirwa y’Inyarubuga

80. ni iza Gahindiro Nta mpomba izigeramo Zakumiriye isibe Zateranije isibo Biganya abo mu Bihogo

85. zisumbuye I Mpanzi Zazanye n’uMuhozi Nta murasi ugihita Zabaye ikirenga I kirehe cya Kiziguro

90. Kigeri cy’Inyarubuga Ingoma zamubambuye I Ngeri zihadendeje Ziheza impinge ndende Ya Muriza na Kabare Mbonye igumya kuzana Amariza y’aBashakamba N’ingabo Shema yatoye N’Bakwiye b’I Matovu

100. bose baziteraniyemo Bungeri bo mu Bihogo Nimugerure imihigo Mudahira mu mihana Imiheha yo mu ivubiro

105. imaze kabiri ihanaguwe Bayicuruje inono

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Ngo idahuna ari iy’inyamubwa Ingoma y’I Gashirabwoba

110. shebuja wa karinga Ni we wizaniye inkuyu Agira ngo zitahe kare Azihanagurira azambika Akenyeye inongi yera

115. n’ikamba ry’inyamibwa Abonye zitambukije Andi mashyo yose urugero Acyaha a Banyaruganda Acyura iNgeri z’iruguru

120. azivunya mu ngoro ngari Itaha Imana y’ingoma Atarama arahira ingondo Yamye mu z’ikirenga Ikibibi cyasagutse

125. ikagirira ikirangirire Mu nka z’imbere Zimanye na Mibambwe Umwami wo mu magaju Izibyirutsemo iba imbonwa

130. ntiyakezw n’imburane Imbuga zose ikazitegeka Yitwa imboneza-mihigo

II

Ya ruhanda-bugingo Ni urukeme rw’imiheha Ntigerura imihigo Ibana n’uyu Rubanda

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Mu mihama ya Mibambwe Bagasingiza urwego

140. n’ishema n’ikubitiro N’iya rugema-nduru Iyo urugamba rukomeye Indende zirayigomba Igasigira iminega

145. isezera inkera-bigwi Si inyamibwa iyoberana Nk’iyo mu mariburira Kwa bene Murenzi Ni umutesi w’inkesha

150. igumiye ababa I nkubiri Ni inkungi y’iMparirwa iMpama ntizishyikira iba mu z’Umwami w’ishya wimye adashyamirana

155. aho yaherewe Indamutsa Nta shyanga rikibaho I Ndorwa yarayikubiye N’Ijwi n’uBunyabungo Abumba no kwa Mwezi imbago

160. nta we umuhagarara imbere Yayishinguye atungutse I Ngeri Abiyitaga abarasanyi Yabatunze uruhanga Ngo batuze amarere

165. barangira mu mihana Bamuha impundu urwunge Ngo abahake Runyaga- mpezi

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Nkunda iteka aharaye Ridacogoza abagabo

170. urugo asanzemo inyana Ntarushya ngo arayobora Yungura ibyo biraro Akarema ibye bihindizo None agarura ibihugu

175. asagura n’ibihumbi Adendeje mu Rwanda Twigire mu ngeri Z’I Musha wa Janjagiro Turore imfizi ateretse

180. mu mutwe w’iNkera –bigwi Imana yaremyeho ikibibi Kirayirangaho urwunge Kiyirangiza ibitugu Kigera mu rwambariro

185. Imana irukubuye ingondo Nsanga igonda ishinjo Ry’intwari z’imbonera Ikitwa imboneza – mihigo

III Mugabo waje imiheha

190. mu mihana itahamo Nyiri-ingoma Wa rwanga-guhinyuka rwa ngoboka iMpeta yo mu nyamibwa z’I Buhoro I Bwami bita ruhaka-bose Ikaba mu za Nyiri-inka biboneye

195. igahimbarwa yuhira imbuga Nyamihare ya rwanga-kwijima

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Ubwo yogeye mu Ruhango Ibana n’iyesa kw’ihangu N’isata ya ruhanda-nkiko

200. n’isibo nyinshi y’inkera-bigwi Izo nkuba zigashyira inama hamwe Zigahuza umugambi ubonanye zigatunguza urugari inkirage zigasumwaho n’inyemambo

205. aho ziteretse intango y’imihigo Ntibahashire ubwoba mu Bihago Ukahasanga ishongore rigoga N’ishakaka n’icyubahiro N’inyamibwa y’icyeza mu ngondo

210. n’inkuba zihise ikirangirire Mugukubita zidahundagara Zigahaburana ari urwenda uRwanda zikarunyagiramo imwe yahinze ituruka kw’ishara

215. irayakira iyo ku Gishamba zirakorana n’izi Bwishaza Ziteranira I Ggashirabwoba Iwabo w’Intwari ziranihura Ziraseserana zangishira amarere

220. ziniga amajwi y’amariza Zirakurirwa zirahimbarwa Zica intaba zuhira imbuga Irumva ihawe Karinga vuba Iyimanye na se bitunganye

225. ikaba umubira w’iyo hejuru Ihinda icogoza umwimiriza

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Umwana uyiririmba arahanika Ngo igere I Nyarubuye rw’iheru Baracanira bavuza impundu

230. ngo:”Uwo ni Inkotanyi ubyukurutse!” Naho ni ry’I Mutakara Ziyiha urubuga rutunganye Itera umuhizi mu nyenyeri Imwesa ku macumu ashize imirimo

235. aho nyine imugiraho imirimo myiza Inzoga ya Mutara iyinywera ukuri Zihimbaje gusemburana Zibisa iyera ku rubugurizo Iyariboye irenza mu rugori

240. rwego rw’amakombe iya Rukatsa Ikatura indekwe mu ntagara Itambuka ingungizi ihinda Itera icumu yubahuka incuro Rwamugema rimucamo n’uruti

245. impamga itakara ku rugamba Imwirahira itabangira It ’ Uwa rutambuka-ngungizi Agaramye mu irwaniro ry’iNgeri !” Inzoga ya Mutara iyinywera ukuri!

250. zirakurirwa zirahimbarwa Zica intaba zuhira imbuga Irica umubira w’amaribori Umwami wa Rubanda acuranga Umurenzi udahinyuka mu ngendo

255. inyange baririrmba mu ngeyo Iya Ruburika isonga y’amariza

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Ni yo yahinganye Sengoga Babona atembana impini n’imbuga Mu rugo rwa Mbungira hagati

260. igaruka mu ntekom yivuga Inzoga ya Mutara iyinywera ukuri! Zirakurirwa zirahimbarwa Zica intaba zuhira imbuga Zirongera zirasabaganya

265. irahicira iya Rugambwa rucyaha-sibe Kamanzi aje ayiratira iMpanzi Intamati ntiyava mu ntambara Mpabuka iramukukana aba impenzi Impanga Babura iyo yarengeye

270. imwirahira itabangira Igaruka mu nteko yivuga Kunywa umutwika w’ingangare Iba umutwre w’izi Rukaza Inzoga ya Mutara iyinywera ukuri!

275. irazikabura zongera ikobe Aho rukomeye zesa imirambo Zikiraniye mu rw’Migomba Irahacira iya Rubisi Rw’urugogwe Munyambo imwereka ikigwi cy’inkuba

280. agaramana amacumu y’icyoko Agwa mu cyokere arashira Ahungirwa n’intore z’I Matovu Imwanura iva hejuru mu Mpeta Inzoga ya Mutara iyinywera ukuri!

285. zirongera zirasabaganya Zica intaba zuhira imbuga

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Irivuga Umukwiye w’I Giseke Iy’amanywa isezera izo hejuru Inkuba yahogoje abayimira

290. iya Rutsinga shebuja w’iNgari Yambara ikamba ry’intwari Ikakira inkindi ya Rwogera Ikanda urugamba zirayibisa Ngo yuhire amava-ruganda

295. rukiza ahingutse iramuhanama Na wa muniho w’indindurwa Rigeze hejuru y’icyambiko Rihaca inteko rishinga imbago Rimushegesha ntayahaguruka Ni wo munsi w’intore

300. niwo munsi w’intore Zijya kwiyereka Umwami w’I Rubengera Zanganyije urugamba Rw’inziza badakema Zarangaje rubanda

305. rw’I Nduga ya Ruyumba N’abaturutse I Kibungo Baragwira baba imbaga Bagumya kuziherekeza Banga guhindukira

310. inyamibwa bazigeza I Munanira wa Reramacu I Bwami bumva impundu Zabaye igisagara I Ngoma ya Rkambura

315. zirangira I Cyeza

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Cya Buhoro na Mpushi Zigumya kuba ikirenga Ziravuga ku Munanira N’I Mabanza ya ruguru

320. zisesekara I Budaha I Bwami bumva impundu I Shori rya Rubnegra Barasiganwa mu nzira Kwirebera amariza

325. atahamo rwagiriza Na rugomwa na Rw’urugogwe Urwo rugamba ukarusanga Ari urw’impaka –barasi Rudashyikirwa n’inkuku

330. ijuru ry’I Rubambantare Yazitoye ari impeta Ubwo azitumiranye umwete Ni zo yari akumbuye Iza Rukaya-babisha

335. zanga kuraraguza Zizanye ishya rikunzwe Zasangaga umugabe Wimye mu Bashakamba Shema yahaye Indamutsa

340. abyirutse akuraho imbago Y’ab’I kabarore Ryakumiriye impenzi Intwari yungura ingoma igihugu

345. yarigabije abakaraza Ngo bariramvure ibihubi

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Ni byo bimusuma imbere Inkubito ayibashumbije Amaze gukika incuro

350. agaruka kurora inyambo Zitari ugukabiriza Asanga ziri mu mbuga Ziraba ingw mu mbuga Imana yarazogoroye

355. zigatungwa n’Umwami Wimye ari inkotanyi Zigahora ku mugambi Wo kujya zibanza imbere Zikarimbana ibirezi

360. zinganya n’ibirere Zikagendana umwaga Aho ziciye mu nzira Zikarata umwungeri Wazigishukanye I Musha

365. ari intwaza-mirego Zigasingiza umwisi Utijanwa mu mariza Sinshoboye kuzibara Iza Rw’inka ya Rubisi

370. ni ko iyo mfizi ibyara Iyo ije kwa nyamihana Isanganirwa n’impundu n’ingoma Ngo ni se w’iMboneza-mihigo

INKA YA MAKOMBE

Rwanamiza ihindana umwaga

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375. inkuba zigandira umwimirizi Rwa mirindi ya rugema-ngabo iMpeta yo mu nka za Rwogera itareka abahizi bavuza urwamo ntibe mu nama y’urwimba

380. ntitabare urwiyayamururo Ntivugwe mu ngabo z’isibe Ntitabare inyuma y’abakoni Ntimenye kugwabira mu shya Rusumba-mitwe rwa mukinuzi

385. aho nayiboneye ko ikemura impaka Igatambutsa izindi nkubito Impuruza yarakangutse mu Ngeyo Iyirabukira bagikoma umurishyo Iyumva ikubuka mu baharara

390. kwaka runihura-ndongozi Icumu ry’inyundo yagumiye abaswa’ Ntirise n’iry’abagabo yagumiye abaswa Ntirise n’iry’abagabo b’inkuku Mukurihururana irirekera Ihirwa yaramutse urugendo

395. irasuka muri Mporera bugurura Bayikanze barahindana Ikamatana urugo n’imugariro Irasutse kuri mwene Rubindo Ibona urugero rwo kumutera

400. iturubika injuga y’I Gihinga Iboneza mu rubuga rw’igihumbi Icumu rimwogamo n’umuhanda Rica urubeshyi ruratakara Ritunguka mu ndihaguzi

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405. umunega w’umuhimba umuheramo Umuheto yarimbanaga uratakara Umutana awisegura mu nzira Umutwe urasaduka urasandara Imusenyeraho inkike y’iNgeyo

410. irambagira mu birori byiza Isanga umwami w’Inyarubuga Kwitwa imbanyikanya-mirambo

INKA YA RUBURIKA

Rwanamiza yuhira inkirage

N’amakuza yo gucura inkumbi

415. rwa nkubito ya rukaraga mpiri iMpeta ibanza ku rugo rukomeye Ikarusambuza impundaza Ikarubimbuza n’imbuga yera N’isuri ibambitsemo ingondo

420. ikivuga iruhimba imirindi Ikabira irwambura indongozi Induru y’amanywa ikarusabiramo Imyama ikarusaga y’amariza Inkuba zikarusakara imbere

425. rukavugamo impini z’amakebanya Ikarutekamo n’ingabo nziza Isonga ikerura ikarukubita Yamara kurutagaranya amarembo Ndirima ntasohoke ikamugumya

430. ikamutunguza rugema-nduru Icumu yahawe na nyiri-uRwanda Ntarikiranye ntakaguke

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Ryakera mu rwano rigahama Ntabone uko aryikatura

435. yariharamba rikamunanira Rikamurundura mu mugende Rikamutagaranya ubugingo Akaba umugwa-mbere wa runihura Yamara kumuhambana urugobe

440. ikamba rikabera Rw’urugogwe Impundu zigakwira mu Rwanda Umutwe w’inyambo ukayiremeraho N’ishengero rivugamo urwamo Itaha mu mihana y’I Mwurire

445. yitwa ruhimbaza-mihigo. INKA YA RUBISI Rwanamiza-mu-mbuga N’amacumu y’imbaraga Rwa muhirwa n’imbugu iMpeta y’I Rukambura

450. I bwami bita rukanga-masho Ikaba mu rukerereza Rw’umutwe w’iNkera-bigwi Inkindi ikayirimbana Yikwije imbiribiri

455. ibara ry’imbura-rugero Rigatembaho ingondo Ingoma ya rugomba –ngongo Igahora iyiratira ishya Ry’intwari z’imihigo

460. intore ikazihora imbere Izambayemo ikamba

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Ikobe ikarimenesha Mu Mpazi I Nyarubuye iMparirwa zikayigomba

465. yurira inkubiri Inkesha zigeterana N’ingwa y’urwanamiza Amacumu ikayahururana Itazi kwigiza nkana

470. igahombora inkomati Mu mbuga y’iZogeye Ikararikira imirambo Mu rugari yibasiye Igasatira induru

475. ihiritse ikamba ry’imbizi Igashengererwa n’ingabo Zubahirije inkiko’ Ikarinduza inteko Y’abo muri mbungira

480. igatambuka inganizi Isanga ntama mu rugo Yumva ruhina- nkiko Yivuga irubambiye Ntabone aho arumenera

485. bakaruhurira imbere Na mirindi y’imanzi Imurasukanye imbabazi Icumu ry’imbura-rugero Irimuterana imbaraga

490. mu mbavu za ruguru Abura uko ahamagara birahemba

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Abura n’uwamuhumuriza mu babo Rimugogomera agendera ko Rishoka umurambi rirareanza

495. rihina umurumango w’ingogo Rimugaragura mu ntambara Rimugarika mu isibo y’iMpeta Ahorahozwa n’inkuba itijanwa Arembera akiyirangamiye

500. Areba umuheha uri mu ikamba N’inkindi ikenyeye mu ngondo N’ingwa isabirana mu nkingo N’inkuba itahamo z’ikirenga Zaremwe n’ijuru ry’I kigembe

505. Kigeri abyirutse arazamamaza Ziba urwego rw’iMara-mwaga Ziba ibirangirire mu gihugu Zibona inganzo itari ikirenga Zikonda imbago y’ab’I Nawe

510. Zikerereza abazirorera Zishambagira Musha w’inyambo Inyamibwa bahizi baraziganya Mbonye ari ibishami by’inkuba Ndambirwa no gusubiza iDuha

515. Nzindurwa no gusingiza iMpeta Mbonye inyamibwa itagira intarizi Izina ry’impotore riyogeraho Ibaye inganji mu nka z’imbere Nyita indamutsa y’iNkera-bigwi.

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INKA YA MACUMU

520. Rwanamiza ivuza icyuma Igobetse ikiriri cy’impundaza Rwa cyoko cy’intwari Impeta nini y’ikirangirire Bita icyariho cy’imanzi

525. ikazisumbya n’ikirere Ikaba igihame cy’imfizi Batazabona mu Kirushya Ni iya Kigeri cya Mutara Baterekeye iNgeri n’Ingabe

530. Izatungwa na mibambwe Izimya iNyanga –muteyi Impunga ya ya ruzimiza-mbuga Yanze kuba imburira-gihugu Ibuguza n’ingabo z’I Mwima

535. intaho ari muri Rugendo Si impomba nk’iz’I jari Ni ijana ribamo inyamibwa Ni irembo ry’Imana Rigashengeramo iMparirwa

540. N’urunyanyaga rw’iMpeta N’iminyago yaturutse I Nkole N’I Musimba wa Nyamweru Ziyigomba iyo rubaye Ni inyanja ibumbiriye

545. Mu Rubumba rwi Mwendo Ni isanzure ndende Y’uruzi rw’igisaga Nta sama irwegera Sengabo yarwiroshyemo

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550. ngo arataha I Mibirizi Asanga rubiringa inkuku Arugeranamo n’ijana ryinshi Ry’umuhuri w’abarasi Baraye I Mwanabiri

555. N’isi y’abava ku Murehe Bose bakaba imiyumbu Ntibagire uwera umubiri Umurimo wo muri Rugendo Ni cyo cya tumye ibashorera

560. Imaze4 kubagira umubumbe Na Munanira wa Rutimbo Ibarohera aho rubumbiriye Igaruka mu mutwe w’amariza Gucurangwa na nyiri-ingoma

565. Ingoro zose baririmba Inkiko y’aBanyaruganda

INKA YA RUGAMBWA

Rwanamiza iniga impambi Mu ntambara y’amahina Rwa mihare ya rubabaza

570. iMpeta isumba iz’I Nyarubuye ? Ikaba mu z’I Rubambantare Bita iminyana ya mpabuka Ikitwaza inkungu-nyumu Y’icumu ry’imbuza-kuniha

575. ryakwikiye Muhinda Ariha imfundiko y’umubira N’umurego w’inkwaya Abonye rimuhimbaye

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Yanga kuryihererana

580. Ngo ritagira aho rijorwa Ahamagara bene Mparara Barihanaguira igisibya Barigaragaragazaho urumuri Baritura ruribagiza

585. Ruba mu ngarura-minyago Z’I Murambi wa Nyamagana Irikundira amazi magari Rigaranzuyeho imanzi Ryanga gutuza imbaraga

590. Yakuza iz’urugerero Ihamagara rubanza-mbuga N’ihinda ibariye amanywa Irumva ruhanda –bugingo Na ruhimbaza –mihigo

595. N’umukurira wa runihura Impeta ziyitaba zose Zirakorana ziba nyinshi Imihigo ziyigaragaramo Amaboko yazo arahura

600. Amacumu ziyamara umugiga Inkwerera-bigembe Zihanika mu kirere Inkuba z’ijuru ry’I Kigembe Ziregekera ibihugu byose

605. Zica urugo I Bugarama Muhuzi aruguyemo imbere Ahura n’iMpeta Rugambwa Imwuhira rugema-ahica

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Ri, mugeranyemo inkubiro

610. Rihitana impagata iragwa Izo batijana I Bwami Ziyikeza ziharabana Ikubitiro zirarihwanya Ikobe ziraryangishira

615. Inkubiri ziyigerana Mu rugo rwa Rwamugema Nyirarwo ziramwakuranwa Zimukubita ku mpama Ahagatira impini arakirana

620. Zimuhinduye umurambo Zijya guhotora n’abandi Mu gisumba cy’I Rumuri Imihana batahagamo Zisiga ziyihaye inkongi

625. Zikabuza mu mubuga mwiza Wa Bugarura na Murambi Umwimiriza yahogoye Umuririmbyi atagihwema Ziba ishya risesuye

630. Mu mihana ya Serubanda Ziyitahanamo ishimwe N’ishakaka ry’inziza Zihagurutsa aBashakamba N’imikubito y’aBkemba

635. N’umutwe w’iNgangura-rugo Baza kuzitamiriza Imiheha ya Rukanga-mashyo

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Ziyihiritsemo amaraba Baramena abo mu Rugamba

640. N’abatahije umugwi w’impunzi Biturira ku Murehe Basiga Umwami wa Mutara Avunyije iNyanga-muteyi Ataramana n’ingabo nziza

645. Mu ngoro ivuga umurishyo Ampamagaje kuzimubwira Ko nazanamije neza Mbaza iy’urugangazi Isingizwa na Cyubahiro

650. Cyigenza muri Bajyahe Icyatumye bayitaza Bagatinya ku Icyatumye bayitaza Bagatinya kuihogoza Yizihirwa ivuza icyuma Ibera Indamutsa mu cyambu

655. Imfizi y’iMparirwa-mihigo INKA BAZIGA Rwanamiza ikemura impaka N’amacumu y’mpingane Rwa nyamukeba wa mpabuka Impeta yurira impamagazi

660. Ya ruboneza-mpundaza Ubwo mubona idatuza inkoni Si ibangamira impuruza Ni inkuba yo mu Mparirwa Itwara indoha y’urubaze

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665. Rubamo icumu ry’indatwa Yariteye indongozi Mu Mpama bacyugurura Sengabo riramushegesha Arongera arisibiraho

670. Isake ya rumara-mwaga Urwo rugari irarwugariza Izanye n’iNgeri z’I Ruyumba N’iMpeta za nyiri-uRwanda Zirusuramo imibungo

675. Zirusenya ku mugambi Imparirwa zirarwikorera Zirutura mu Nyanja Y’uruzi rw’I Kabuye Kamara ko mu Ndenzi Igana indatwa y’ikamba Ikezwa n’iMpeta rugambwa Ziza kuyikora mu minwe

685. Ziti: “Songa y’amakombe Ya rukomera-sibe None uhora ukorera ingoma Ukaba wuhiye amakuza Ngo usange Semukanya

690. Mu ngoro ikemaibigwari Wivugire n’aBakwiye Nta mpumu uzirikanirwa Wizihirwa uvuza icyuma Ugira n’inzobe idahinyuka!”

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695. Si iyikanga ikimena Ni umutwe wa Cyubahiro Iyo zimaze guteranira Ku nturire y’abahanga Ikazitegeka yanga impuhwe

700. IMpeta yesa ku ihangu

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UMWANDIKO KU BURINGANIRE N’UBWUZUZANYE

MWANANKUNDI ATERANYA INAMA

Inama yatangiye nk’igihe cy’agasusuruko. Ubwo bose bari bamaze guterana. Mbese n’uwaraye I muhero yari yahageze! Igihe bicaye bategereje, babona umukobwa aje akikijwe na Sandi n’igisonga cy’Umwami. Bagize batya babona yurijwe indengo, aherako arambura amaboko aramutsa imbaga y’abantu bari bateraniye aho, kandi bari bafite amatsiko yo kumva icyo ari buvuge. Abicaye mu

ndango baratangira baratanguranwa bakoma amashyi kugirango rubanda ibonereho. Koko rero biba bityo, bose barasamara bakoma amashyi. ariko benshi muri bo ari urwiyerurutso. Ubwo yongera kuraranganya amaso hirya no hino, abonye uburyo bose bakeneye kumva ijambo rye, aherako aramwenyura. Arahindukira, ati “yemwe bagabo, nimugire Umwami mu gihugu. Ubwo inkwenene barayiha ariko banga gusakuza igihe kitaragera. Wasangaga bamwe bavuga rwihishwa, ngo twaherutse amahoro atangwa n’Umwamu, none n’abagore basigaye bayafitemo iruhare runini. ” Sandi yagezaga aho yabona urusaku rubaye rwinshi, agahuguruka akararanganya amaso hirya no hino, bakabona kurworoshya. Mubyo bavugaga wasangaga bagira, bati”genda shahu niko bisanzwe koko uhagarariwe n’Ingwe aravoma!”

Mwanankundi akomeza gusobanurira abantu intego afite;ati “sinshaka ko umugore ategeka umugabo;ahubwo ngashaka ubwumvikane hagati yabategeka urugo rwabo. Umugore si umuja murugo; aahubwo ni umufasha w’umugabo, kandi niwe mujyanama we; basangira amategeko mu rugo, bagafatanya kurera abo babyaye. Umwana iyo arumbye nttagomba guharirwa nyina, ngo “genda uri uwa nyoko!” uko Imana yaremye abantu, buri wese afite umurimo ashinzwe. Ariko kandi umugore ntagomba guhera kuri rukara ngo ubuzima bube ubwo. Umugabo kandi ntagomba kwiharira amategeko y’urugo wenyine’ agomba gufatanya n’umufasha we Imana yamuhaye ntihagire uzimba undi. Ibyo birasanzwe ababyeyi bombi ntibagomba kuba bamwe neza kuko n’imirimo yabo itandukanye. Nyamara ariko, uko iyo mirimo itandukanye, ntiwashobora kuvuga, uti”uriya murimo niwo ukomeye kurusha uyu; kuko iyo ikintu kibuze urugingo na rumwe, kiba

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cyononekaye!” Ntiwabasha kuvuga, uti “ijisho ryange riruta ugutwi kwange; kuko byose iyo biteranye bivamo umubiri wuzuye!” Umugore na we utagira umugabo, uwo muryango uba ubuze ikintu kinini. Sinavuga ko ugutwi kwange kuruta ijisho ryanjye. Sinavuga kandi ko ijisho riruta ugutwi. Ubwo rero sinashobora no kuhagira igice kimwe cy’umubiri wanjye ngo nihorere ikindi. Kuki se mugirira neza umugabo mukibagirwa umugore? Bose ntibagize umuryango

umwe?reka mbacire akagani gatoya: umugore w’umupfu yagiye gushigisha inzonga, yigira iyi nama: amasaka yanjye aseye neza aragogoye, kandi ikibindi nacyo kirogeje neza ariko nabuze amazi meza, ubwo ntibimbuza gushigishira umugabo wanjye inzoga. Aho yemwe agushyiriramo n’umusemburo utagira uko usa ati”ubwo ifu ari nziza, kandi n’umusemburo ukaba mwiza, amazi siyo azanyicira inzoga. ”

Bukeye, ati reka njye gusogongera inzoga yanjye. Asingira umuheha, ashinga mu kibindi ariko atangazwa n’uko wanze gutobora. Agerageza kuwushingamo, azamuye asanga inzoga yafatanye kera. Ayoberwa icyabiteye. Ariko hari uwo yaje kuganyira, nawe aramubwira ati uramenye ikiziba ntikigira inzoga; ubuna yewe niyo wagira umusemburo uhiye bimeze bite! Umugore arumirwa cyane, ahera ubwo amenya ko ibyiza bibyara ibyiza ibibi kandi bikabyara ibibi. Ibyiza birimo kandi, ikibi ntibishobora kubyara ibyiza, kirazira.

Bagabo b’Umwami, umuryango ugizwe n’umugabo n’umugore n’abana. Iyo umwe muri abo ari mubi, umuryango wose uba mubi. Mwwanankundi akomeza kuvugira umwari na nyina ibyo yishweho n’ibyo yazize ku maherere; mbese arazikura amarayo. Umugore nawe ahora yicaye atangira kumva ko yapfuye rubi ndetse bitavugwa. Aza kwibutsa umugabo ko inkwano atanga Atari ikiguzi gikumbanya ahubwo ko ari ishimwe rihabwa ababyeyi. Inka iragurwa ikabagwa cyangwa igatungwa. Umuntu rero atandukanye n’inka cyane. Umwari niwe ugomba kwishimanira n’umusore, bagasabana. Si nyina w’umukobwa cyangwa Se bagomba gushimira umukobwa umusaba. Iyo bishimaniye, n’imibanire yabo usanga imeze neza cyane. Umukobwa guhera mu mbere y’iwabo ni ukumudindiza bikomeye akazahera mu bujiji. Akwiriye gusohoka, ariko bakamurinda ngo nejo atararuka. Agomba gusohoka agahura na bagenzi be bakungurana inama bagashaka uburyo bwo kugera ku mujyambere. Amajyambere si ay’umwe, ashakwa na bose, bagafatanya.

Mwanankundi akomeza kubwira abantu nabo barumirwa bati “rubanda irabyarakoko!” abagore banyuzamo ugasanga baranyuzwe, bagakoma mu mashyi bagasakuza cyane,

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naho abagabo bakanyikwa, bagasuhuza umutima bakishima mu mutwe, bakikoroza. Mwanankundi agejeje aho, ati”sinashobora kurondora ibibangamiye umwari na nyina kuko ari byinshi. Kandi ubundi ababigira nabo babirenza amaso babireba. ababigirirwa bo rero, kera baratatse Babura kivuna, baherako bavunira agate mu ryinyo ngo yebaba umuryango udasenyuka. Noneho rero umenya Rurema yumvise gutaka kwabo irabibuka, iranyohereza ngo mbatabare. Ubutumwa maze kubashyikiriza, mubufata uko nabubabwiye, ntimwiyumvire ibyo mushaka. Ibyo maze kubabwira nizeye ko bihagije ubutaha nzaganira n’abakobwa n’abagore banyu ukwabo. Uyu munsi nashatse kwereka abagabo imigambi mfite n’ibyishimo tuzagira umunsi bayikurikije. Ahasigaye mugire amahoro n’umwami.

Abagore barahaguruka baterera imyenda yabo hejuru bavuza impundu, basingira wa mukobwa bamutwara mu maboko. Bamwe baramuhobera, abandi bamwikubita imbere barapfukama yibaza uko yabigobotora. Abagabo nabo bagenda abutarora inyuma, bahasiga abagore babo, bagenda barema udutsiko tw’abagambanyi inzira zose. Umugore yabanyuraho ngo wiriweho ga maweya! Abandi ngo ubure kugira, uti”mwiriweho ga abantegeka! Mawe urabitinyuka gutuka abakuru! Ni uko rushyana inkoyoyo; namwe murabireba mbese!”

IBIBAZO KU MWANDIKO

1. Sobanura amagambo wumva akomeye ukoresheje inkoranyamagambo

2. Mu ijambo ni irihe jambo Mwanankundi yitayeho?

3. Sobanura uburyo bakurikiye ijambo rya Mwanankundi

a) Abagabo

b) Abagore

4. Umukobwa akwiye gukora iki kugirango ave mu bujiji?

5. Ni ikihe kigereranyo Mwanankundi yakoresheje ashaka kumvisha abamwumvaga ko umugore n’umugabo buzuzanya?

6. Vuga ibintu Mwanankundi yifuzaga ko byakosoka byahoze m’umuco nyarwanda bibangamira umwari n’umutegarugori.

7. Ni izihe ngamba Leta y’u Rwanda yafashe ngo irengere uburenganzira bw’abari

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n’abategarugori?

Imwe mu migani ibangamira uburenganzira bw’umwari n’umutegarugori

●Uruvuze umugore ruvuga umuhoro.

●Umugore arabyina ntasimbuka.

●Iypo amazi yabaye make aharirwa impfize.

●Umugore uri k’umutiba ntabura umutima.

●Umugore mukina agukinze umutima, wateba akagutambuka ajya gushaka imbere yayo.

●Umugore w’ingare agirwa n’umugongo w’umuhoro.

●Nta nkokokazi ibika isake ihari.

●Umugore umwita shenge warimukuraho mukarwana.

●Amafuti y’umugabo nibwo buryo bwe.

●Umugabo ni imyugariro.

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INSHOBERA MAHANGA

INSHOBERA MAHANGA NI IKI?

Ikintu gishobeye umuntu kiba kimunaniye. Iyo umuntu avuze ko ibintu byamushobeye aba yabuze uko abigenza, aba yabuze inzira, aba yabuze uburyo yabisobanura. Imvugo wumva ntusobanukirwe iba igushobeye. inshoberamahanga yiswe ityo kubera ko umunyamahanga atamenya ikinyarwanda nk’umunyarwanda. Umunyamahanga aba atazi umuco w’u Rwanda, ntashobora kumva inshoberamahanga z’ishingiye kumuco. Aba atazi amateka y’uRwanda, ntashobora kumva inshoberamahanga z’ishingiye ku mateka. Hari n’inshoberamahanga zikomoka ku migani miremire umunyamahanga aba atazi. Inshoberamahanga nyinshi zagiye zihimbwa n’abantu bataramye ibwami cyangwa ibutware, rubanda bazumva bakazifata, nabo bakazikwiza.

INKOMOKO Y’INSHOBERAMAHANGA

Kugira ngo usobanukirwe n’inshoberamahanga, ugomba kumenya aho yakomotse. Inshoberamahanga zifite inkomoko zinyuranye: Zimwe zikomoka k’u muco, izindi zikomoka ku mateka, izindi zikomoka ku migani miremire. Reka turebe ingero.

INSHOBERAMAHANGA IKOMOKA KU MUCO

KURYA AMENYO

Kugira ngo usobanukirwe n’iyo nshoberamahanga ugomba kuba uzi umuco w’abanyarwanda werekeye kuri iyo mvugo. Umwana iyo atangira kumera amenyo, abakurambere bateganije ko se na nyina bagomba kuba bari kumwe, kugira ngo bafatanye kwishimira ko umwana wabo yameze amenyo. Iyo umugore yabaga ari iwabo bitewe no kwahukana cyangwe se indi mpamvu, yagombaga gusubira iw’umugabo we, kugira ngo “barye amenyo” y’umwana wabo.

INSHOBERAMAHANGA IKOMOKA KU MATEKA

KWIHADIKA AMATUGUNGURU

Kungoma ya Ruganzu I Bwimba, hari umugabo witwaga Nkurukumbi, wari nyirarume w’umwami Ruganzu bamutegetse gutabarira ingoma aranga. Yarije maze aravuga ngo

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yazanye amagara. Muby’ukuri yarebye amatugunguru arayihidika. Amatugunguru ni utubuto dutukura nk’amaraso. Kuzana amagara ni indwara ituma amara asohoka akaza imusozi. Ubwo Nkurukumbi yerekanaga amaraso y’amatugunguru yemeza ko ari amaraso yo kuzana amagara.

INSHOBERAMAHANGA IKOMOKA KU MUGANI MUREMURE

URUMVE MUTIMA MUKE WO MURUTIBA

Imbwa yishe ibyana by’ingwe irabirya. Imbwa yagiye kuraguza ku mupfumu igira ngo ayibwire insinzi y’ukuntu yazakira uburakari bw’ingwe. Ingwe nayo yagiye kuraguza kuri uwo mupfumu, Imbwa yumvise Ingwe ije igira ubwoba ko yafashwe. Umupfumu yabwiye imbwa ngo nibe igiye mumutiba. Ingwe iba rahasesekaye, ibaza umupfumu iti “ ukambwira ukuntu nazafata imbwa yamariye abana. ”Umupfumu arayibwira ati”Imbwa ikunda amayezi nuyitegera ku mayezi uzayifata”. Umupfumu ati “urumve mutima muke wo mumutiba. ”

Umuntu babwira ntiyumve imbuzi bamuvugiraho ayo magambo.

ZIMWE MU NSHOBERAMAHANGA

1. Kurya isataburenge

2. Kurya akara

3. Gukubita igihwereye

4. Gukubita impyisi inkoni

5. Gukubita urubandu

6. Gukubita ubusa nka sakabaka

7. Gukura ikintu mu nzara z’intare

8. Gukura inzara

9. Gukura ubwatsi

10. Umuntu ho amaso

11. Gupfa agasoni

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12. Gupfa umukeno

13. Gupfa uruhenu

14. Gupfa kubona ikigira inka imbyeyi

15. Kurara butunda

16. Kurara rwantambi

17. Kumuca mu rihumye

18. Kumureba ku ijisho

19. Kumureba nk’icyo imbwa ihaze

20. Kurimba uw’inkoko

21. Kunyurwa manuma

22. Gucurangira abahetsi

23. Gufata mudateye kabiri

24. Gufata nk’amata y’abashyitsi

25. Guha undi akato

26. Guhata inzira ibirenge

27. Gucurika umutima

28. Gutunga ibya mirenge ku ntenyo

29. Gutwika inzu ugahisha umwotsi

30. Kubura amajyo n’amvo

31. Kubura byose nk’ingata imennye

32. Kubuza undi hasi no hejuru

33. Kubyinira ku rukoma

34. Kudacira undi akari urutega

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35. Kugarurira ibintu mu maguru mashya

36. Kwigira nyoni nyinshi

37. Mpiru na nyoni, kabindi na buki

38. Kuruca ukarumira

39. Kuruha uwakavuna

40. Kuru ugahuha

41. Kutagira shinge na rugero

42. Kutamenya ururo ni cyatsi

43. Kutamureba ni rihumye

44. Kuvoma hafi

45. Kwicira isazi mujisho

46. Kuvomera murutete

47. Kuvugisha amatama yombi

48. Kuvumba ayo wengewe

49. Kwereka igihandure

50. Kwibuka ibitereko washeshe

IBIBAZO KU NSHOBERAMAHANGA

1. Hitamo inshoberamahanga enye muri izi zatanzwe uzisobznure.

2. Himba umwandiko muto w’imirongo icumi irimo inshoberamahanga eshatu.

3. Inshoberamahanga zitandukaniyehe n’imigani migufi?

4. Ku giti cyawe inshoberamahanga zikoreshwa ryari?

5. Vuga imimoro nibura itatu y’inshoberamahanga.

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IKINAMICO:” NAWE NI UMWANA NK’ABANDI. ”

a) UMWANDATSI

MUGENGANA Michel wanditse uyu mukino ‘NAWE NI UMWANA’akamoka mu karere KABUGESERA, akaba ari umunyeshuri mu ishuri rikuru nderabarezi rya Kigali (KIE) ari mu cyiciro cya kabiri cya kaminuza mu gashami k’indimi n’iyigandimi.

MUGENGANA Michel ni umuhimbyi akaba n’umwanditsi w’imivugo. Asanzwe yitabira marushanwa yo guhimba no kwandika imivugo ndetse akanatsinda. umwe mu mivugo ye yabaye indashyikirwa ni uwitwa ‘BIRADUSABA UBUSHAKE’ wabaye uwambere ku rwego rw’igihugu mu irushanwa ryari ryateguwe na CNLC.

Nyuma yo kwandika imivugo ku nsanganyamatsiko zitandukanye, MUGENGANA Michel yanditse iyi kinamico ‘NAWE NI UMWANA’ agambiriye kwigisha abantu bo mungeri zitandukanye ko umwana ubana n’ubumuga Atari uwo guhezwa no kubuzwa uburenganzira, ahubwo ko nawe akwiye gufatwa nk’umuntu ushoboye kandi w’ingirakamaro igihe yoroherejwe akanitabwaho by’umwihariko.

Nk’uko MUGENGANA Michel abivuga rero, hari aho batarasobanukirwa ko umwana ubana n’ubumuga ari umwana nk’abandi, bityo bikaba ari inshingano y’abamaze kubisobanukirwa kubisobanurira n’abatarabisobanukirwa nk’uko Ntabike yabigenje.

b) ABAKINNYI:

- SEBIGURI: Umuhinzi –mworozi (atuye mu cyaro)

- NYIRABAHIZI: Umugore wa Sebiguri (aritonda cyane)

- NTABIKE : Murumuna wa Sebiguri (yiga muri KIE)

- NTAHONDI :Umuhungu wa Sebiguri na Nyirabahizi (yavukanye ubumuga bwo kudahaguruka)

- MUKANKUSI na MAYIRA : Ubaturanyi ba Sebiguri na Nyirabahizi ntabwo bigeze biga)

- SEMUGAZA: Umwarimu mu ishuri ribanza rya GARUKA (yanga umuntu ubana n’ubumuga)

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- RWIRIRE, MUKOBWA, NKWINDIRI na GASANA : Abanyeshuri mu ishuri ribanza rya GARUKA (biga mu mwaka wa mbere kandi banga umuntu ubana n’ubumuga)

- MUGABO: Umuyobozi w’ishuri ribanza rya Garuka

IGICE CYA MBERE

UMUSERUKO WA MBERE

SEBIGURI, NYIRABAHIZI, NTABIKE

NYIRABAHIZI: Sebigu, uziko burya umwana wacu Ntahondi amugaye amaguru ariyo mpamvu adahaguruka?

SEBIGURI: Gashagasha ampa inka!ugize ngo iki wa mugore we?Ngo Ntahondi amugaye amaguru? Ngo ntabwo azahaguruka? Ninde wakubwiye ko njye mbyara ibimuga? Mu muryango wacu hari ikimuga wabonyemo? Risubize aho urikuye!

NYIRABAHIZI: Ngo ndisubize aho ndikuye? Ko ariko byatugendekeye kandi ko ntawabihisemo ari twe ari n’umwana twabyaye? Ni ukubyakira ntakundi byagenda!

SEBIGURI : Umva wa mugore we! Umva! Nakubwiye ko iwacu tutabyara ibimuga. None tutiriwe tuvuga byinshi, fata icyo kimuga cyawe ugisubize aho wagikuye ntabindi tuvugana. Ntasoni? Ikimuga? Ngo kizagire gite? Kizaragirese? Kizatashyese? Kizavomese? Kizige nkabandise? Byahe!

NTABIKE: (aze kubasura asange Sebiguri yitonganya naho umugore we yumiwe)

Muraho aba hano?

NYIRABAHIZI : (ahaguruke ajye kumusuhuza)

Muraho neza? Turakwishimiye! Nimwakire agatebe mushyike.

SEBIGURI: Ntamibereho sha NTabike rwose umugore arananiye!

NTABIKE: Byagenze gute?

SEBIGURI: Uyu mugore sinzi aho yakuye ikimuga none ndamubwira ngo agisubize yo nkabona atabyumva!

NYIRABAHIZI: Umva rero Ntabike, ngize amahirwe uraje usage uhanuye mukuru wawe

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ariwe mugabo wanjye. Umwana wacu Ntahondi wasize yaravutse ubwo uheruka aha. Igihe abandi bana bahagurukira cyarageze we ntiyahaguruka, ubu agenda akuruza akabuno kandi abo bangana baravoma urabizi imyaka ibaye itandatu n’amezi atanu. None uyu mugabo naramubwiye ngo umwana wacu yavukanye ubumuga, arambwira ngo we ntabyara ibimuga n’i wabo nta bimuga bihavuka. Ubu usanze ariho ambwira ngo ninsubize ikumuga aho nagikuye!

SEBIGURI: Ntakindi ndenzaho ubwo wamaze kubyumva gihagurukane ukinkurire aha!

NTABIKE: Umva rero Sebiguri, banza usobanukirwe ibi: Nta muntu uba ikimuga kuko ikimuga ni icy’ikibindi, ikimasa kivunitse cyitwa ikimuga, n’ibindi bintu bishobora kuba ibimuga kuko n’ubundi biba bisanzwe ari ibintu. Ariko umuntu bavuga ko ari umuntu ubana n’ubumuga bityo akaba afite uburenganzira n’agaciro nk’ako abandi bantu. Ntimwongere gufata Ntahondi nk’ikintu ahubwo ni umuntu nkatwe twese. Icyakabiri: Nta muntu cyangwa umuryango n’umwe wagenewe kubyara abana bamugaye. Ibyo ni impanuka nk’izindi zose. Icya gatatu n’ubwo Ntahondi atakora imirimo yose cyangwa ngo ayikore mu buryo bumwe n’abandi, ndababwiza ukuri ko afite ubushobozi bwo gukora nk’ibyo abandi bakora. Urugero nko kwiga. Hari abantu batabana n’ubumuga ariko ntibige cyangwa bakwigana n’ubana n’ubumuga akabarusha. Hari n’ababana n’ubumuga biga bakaminuza nyamara abatabana n’ubumuga ntibabashe kuminuza. Hari abana babana n’ubumuga bakiza iwabo nyamara abatabana n’ubumuga siko bose bakiza iwabo. Mumenye rero ko Ntahondi nawe ari umwana nkabandi ahubwo binashobotse iryo zina ryahinduka akitwa irindi ryiza.

SEBIGURI na NYIRABAHIZI: yee! Ngo Ntahondi yadukiza? Ngo yabasha kwiga? Ate atagenda? Yagerayo akuruza akabuno? Yarusha abazima ate?

NTABIKE : Yabakiza rwose! Kandi kwiga byo biroroshye kuko umuntu ubana n’ubumuga bwo kudahaguruka, bamugurira akagare akakicaramo akajya ku ishuri. Iyo ageze ahaterera baramusunika ariko ahatambika n’ahamanuka aritwara kuko anyongesha amaboko.

SEBIGURI na NYIRABAHIZI : Ako kagare twakagurira he? Ubuse yazagera no muri kaminuza nka we?

NTABIKE : I kigali utwo tugare turahaboneka muzaze njye kubereka aho mukagurira. Naho ubundi niba mushidikanya kubyo kwiga no kuminuza muzanyarukire i Gatagara n’

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i Gahini mwirebere uko ababana n’ubumuga bigana n’abazima ndetse bakanabarusha. Kubyo kuminuza muzaze i wacu muri KIE cyangwa i Ruhande mwirebere uko ababana n’ubumuga baminuza nk’abandi. Ndetse muri KIE ho ni akarusho, muzahasanga n’abarimu bigisha neza cyane kandi babana n’ubumuga.

SEBIGURI na NYIRABAHIZI : Tugire vuba tujye gutangiza umwana wacu ishuri. Tuzamutangiza hirya aha ku ishuri ribanza rya Garuka

UMUSERUKO WA KABIRI

SEBIGURI, NYIRABAHIZI

SEBIGURI: Ngiye i Kigali kugura akagare Ntahondi azajya agenda mo ajya ku ishuri.

NYIRABAHIZI : Yewe nibyo. Ihute nanjye ngiye kubaza umuyobozi w’ishuri ko bazamwemerera kwiga.

SEBIGURI : umuhendahende cyane. Umubwire ko tuzafatanya n’ishuri kumurera.

IGICE CYA KABIRI

NYIRABAHIZI na MUGABO

NYIRABAHIZI: do do doo ! (akomanze ku biro by’umuyobozi w’ishuri)

MUGABO : Karibu! Ni mwinjire.

NYIRABAHIZI: Mwaramutseho nyakubahwa muyobozi w’ikigo?

MUGABO : Mwaramutse neza mubyeyi? Tubashe iki?

NYIRABAHIZI : Muyobozi rero, dufite umwana ubana n’ubumuga bwo kudahaguruka. None twabasabaga ko mwatwemerera mukamwakira akiga muri iri shuri ryanyu kuko ariryo riri hafi. Kandi tuzajya dufatanya n’ubuyobozi bw’ikigo kumwitaho. Rero mutubabariye mukamwandika akiga mwaba mukoreye Imana!

MUGABO : Yitwa nde? (amwandike) uzamuzane yige kuko nawe ni umwana nk’abandi kandi nawe abashakwiga ndetse akanaminuza natwe twiganye nabo ndetse rimwe na rimwe bakanatubana abambere.

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UMUSERUKO WA KABIRI

SEBIGURI, NYIRABAHIZI, NTAHONDI

SEBIGURI: Mwiriwe? (avuye i Kigali kugura akagari)

NYIRABAHIZI: Eh! Aka niko kagare bavugaga? Yoo! Gateye neza wee! Gafite amapine atatuazajya yicaramo yumve ari ari byiza! Nibyiza pe! Umwana wacu agiye kwiga!

SEBIGURI : Banza umbwire ko ishuri bariguhaye.

NYIRABAHIZI: Yewe umuyobozi w’ikigo yanyakiranye urugwiro, mbimubwiye abyakira neza ndetse ambwira ko nawe yiganye n’ababana n’ubumuga kandi ngo

hari n’igihe aribo babaga abambere. Ubu yamwanditse ngo ku wa mbere tuzamujyane.

SEBUGURI : Muhamagare aze tubimubwire tumushyire no mu kagare turebe.

NYIRABAHIZI: Ntaho, Ntahondi we!

NTAHONDI: Karame!

NYIRABAHIZI: Ngwino hano.

SEBIGURI : Arihe ko utamuzanye?

NYIRABAHIZI: Araje

NTAHONDI: Karame ndabitabye

SEBIGURI: Ntahondi mwana wanjye rero ubu nubwo ubana n’ubumuga uri kimwe n’abandi bana kuko hari ibyo ushoboye nibyo udashoboye nk’uko nabo badashobora byose. Mu byo udashoboye igikomeye ni ukugenda ariko icyo cyakemutse twakuguriye akagare uzajya ugendamo, ukihuta byaba ngombwa ugasiga n’abanyamaguru. Impamvu twakaguze ni ukugira ngo ujye ujya kwiga bikoroheye. Ubu rero barare bakogeje ejo kare tuzakujyana ku ishuri.

NTAHONDI: Murakoze cyane ndishimye! Najyaga numva nshaka kwiga ariko nkumva ntakuntu nazagera ku ishuri!

IGICE CYA GATATU

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UMUSERUKO WA MBERE

SEBIGURI, NYIRABAHIZI, NTAHONDI, MUGABO, SEMUGAZA

SEBIGURI: Nyirabahi! Byutsa Ntahondi tumujyane ku ishuri hacyeye!

NYIRABAHIZI: Namubyukije tugende (bamusunike bagende)

NYIRABAHIZI na SEBIGURI: do do doo!

MUGABO: Karibu! Nimwinjire.

SEBIGURI, NYIRABAHIZI na NTAHONDI: (Binjire)

NYIRABAHIZI: Nguyu wa mwana nazaga gusabira ishuri.

MUGABO: (Ahamagare Semugaza): jyana uyu mwana aziga mu ishuri rya we. Yitwa Ntahondi.

SEMUGAZA: Ariko se Deregite, ikimuga kiriga? Cyakwigase ho nticyakwigana n’ibindi bimuga nka cyo?

MUGABO: Umva rero mwarimu, byonyine ayo magambo uvuze yatuma uhanwa! Ntibavuga ikimuga cyangwa ibimuga iyo ari abantu. Bavuga ubana cyangwa ababana n’ubumuga. Kandi bariga, bigana n’abandi ndetse hari n’igihe baba abambere. Jye niganye nabo mu mashuri y’isumbuye, nigishwa nabo mu makuru ndetse turanigana.

SEMUGAZA: Murakoze kunsobanurira! Naze tugende nanjye hari icyo nigiye aha. Tujyende mwa (bagende)

MUGABO: Murakoze babyeyi, ni mwitahire umwe ajye aza kumutahana nimugoroba muri iyi minsi Atari yamenyera.

SEBIGURI na NYIRABAHIZI: Murakoze namwe mwirirwe!

UMUSERUKO WA KABIRI

SEMUGAZA, RWIRIRE, MUKOBWA, NKWINDIRI, GASANA

SEMUGAZA (Ageze mu ishuri): Chef de classe uyu ni mugenzi wanyu, mu mwegere mu muganirize ndetse munamutembereze ikigo.

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GASANA: Nibyo mwari (amwenyamwenya)

RWIRIREMUKOBWA Basakurize rimwe: ikimuga ntikitwegere! Turagitinya! Mukijyane muNKWINDIRI wakabiri kituvire mu ishuri(bajujura).

SEMUGAZA: Ngo ngwiki!? Umwana ubana n’ubumuga nawe ni umwana nk’amwe ntaryana, ntimumutinye, mumwisanzure ho rwose. Kandi ntabwo bamwita ikimuga ahubwo bamwita ubana n’ubumuga. Murumva yemwe ba?

GASANARWIRIRE Yego! Mwari turabyumvise ntituzongera kumutinya. MUKOBWANKWINDIRI

NTAHONDI(Amaze kumenyera): Gasa! Barwirire na Mukobwa na Nkwindiri bari hehe? Nsunika tuzamuke tujye kubareba dukine.

GASANA: Yego sha! Tujyende tujye kubareba.

GASANA na NTAHONDI: Nkwindi! Ko mutatubwiye ngo tujyane gukina?

RWIRIREMUKOBWA Twari tuzi yuko mwatubonye! Ariko ntacyo ni muze dukine. NKWINDIRI

UMUSERUKO WA GATATU

SEBIGURI, NYIRABAHIZI, NTABIKE, NTAHONDI, MUKANKUSI na MAYIRA

SEBIGURI na NYIRABAHIZI: Ntahondi mwana wacu wagize amanota angahe? Wabaye uwakangahe? Zana indanga manota yawe turebe.

NTAHONDI: Nabaye uwa mbere mfite amanota mirongo inani n’atanu ku ijana!

SEBIGURI na NYIRABAHIZI: Ni uko ni uko mwana wacu!

NYIRABAHIZI: Ntimwavugaga ngo ni ikimuga si umwana? Ngo nyina ni agisubize aho yagikuye?

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SEBIGURI: Ni uko ntari mbizi ahubwo ndashimira Ntabike wabidusobanuriye. Ibi byose niwe tubikesha.

MUKANKUSI na MAYIRA: Ntimurenganye Sebiguri rwose natwe twari tuzi ko ari ishyano mwagushije pe! Ariko abize baba barize! Dore Ntabike atumye twese dusobanukirwa ko umwana ubana n’ubumuga nawe ari umwana.

NTABIKE(afate ijambo): kuba Ntahondi yabaye uwambere ni akantu gato cyane!kuko azanamenuza! Amugaye amaguru ntabwo amugaye ubwenge niyo mpamvu nawe ari umwana kandi arashoboye muzaba mubireba.

SEBIGURI: Yewe, ibitari bisobanutse byarangije gusobanuka twese hamwe intero ni uko umwana ubana n’ubumuga nawe ari umwana.

IBIBAZO KU IKINAMICO

1. Garagaza uturango tw’ikinamico

2. Garagaza uturango tw’ubuvangazo tugaragara muti iyi kinamico

3. Nyuma yo gufata iyi kinamico muyikinire imbere y’abandi banyeshuri

4. Ikinamico ni iki?

5. Ni irihe somo dukura muri uyu mukino

6. Himba ikinamico ngufi

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INYIGANA N’UTUMAMO

UDUKINO TW’ABANA

Muri rusange, abana b’urungano aho bahuriye hose usanga bafite udukino twabo twihariye bitewe nikigero bagezemo kuko hari abana bato cyane abisumbuyeho ndetse n’abageze mu mashuri.

Usanga abana bato bashimishwa no kunaga utubuye mu mazi ngo dumburi, abandi umwe agacunga undi atamureba agafa inkoni ngo vutu. rimwe na rimwe bicamo ibice bagahana inkoni umwe atega bamukubita buhoro batababazanya ariko mu kumutera ubwoba, uko akubise bati “ pyaa, pyaa, pyaa. ”

Abisumbuyeho gatoya bo batangira kwiga uturirimbo no kudukomera mashyi ngo “kacikaci”, abandi kuko baba basa n’abakuze ugasanga bagerageza gushaka utuntu barya ndetse nibyo babonye bidahiye neza bagatangira kocokoco. Ubwo nkiyo umubyeyi adahingutse ngo agire ati “ dore re!”ubwo muri mubiki? Dore da ngo muramwara. Niko ma! Ubu ntabwoba mufite? Eh rere…, ubwo rero mukiherera naho muri muri ibyo. Ubwo rero ugasanga abana bagira imikino myinshi kandi itandukanye bitewe n’ikigero barimo.

IBIBAZO KU MWANDIKO

1. Garagaza imyigana zigaragara mu mwandiko.

2. Inyigana zitandukaniyehe n’andi magambo?

3. Erekana utumamo turi muri uyu mwandiko.

4. Utumamo dutandukaniyehe n’andi magambo?

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IBITEKEREZO BY’INGABO: RUGANZU NDORI NA RYANGOMBE

Igihe kimwe Ryangombe agenda ahiga ageze mu ishyamba rya Nyungwe avumbura impongo. Yari kumwe n’Abagunguje be. Impongo bayirasa umwambi igenda yiruka igera ku ngabo za Ruganzu zari mu ishyamba ziruhuka, zirayica ziyirambika aho. Ubwo

Ruganzu yari mu nzira agana mu rugo rwe rwari mu Kinyaga.

Abagunguje baza bayirukanye basanga iraguye, bagiye kuyiterura, aba Ruganzu bati “nimuturekere inyamaswa. ”Ryangombe ati “ iyi nyamaswa ko ari iyanjye ndayibarekera buryo ki?”

Ruganzu biramurakaza cyane ati”ubona iki kigabo kigisunzu kibogaboga kirora mu nnyo ngo kiransuzugura?”

Ryangombe ati”dore ishyano. Ukajya kuntuka ntuzi ko ndi nyamutwara ijoro ku ijanja ryanga gucya nkarikanga imirindi y’imandwa n’abagabo? Ndi rwugumbiramutari rwa Kirima –amakimbira, ndi ako bazi ndi ako batazi, ndi Banyaga ndi Minyago, ndi Nyamunyaga-iziburiwe izitaburiwe nkazinyagana n’inkingi n’imyugariro. ”

Ruganzu ati”nadi nyamuganza. Ndi rugambirira-abahunde rwa Muhumuza, ndi nyiri intorezo y’inganza marungu nayikubise Gogo uruguma rurenga iguriro. Nishe Nyagakecuru mu bisi bya huye nica Gisurere I Suti ya Banega, nica Nyaruzi rwa hara –amanga mu Mukindo wa Makwaza nica Mpandahande ngo mvire i Ruhande rimwe. ”

Ibisumizi bya Ruganzu birivuga, Ryangombe biramubabaza, agira umugaragu we Nyarwambari rwa Ngwagwa ya murema ati”Nyarwambari nta nkuru y’abahungu?” Ati “nguyu Mugasa. ”

Mugasa ati “rwayibebe rwa Mugasa Butuyu bwa Mugasa Busizori bwa Mugasa. ”Ati “ni mumpe ijana ry’ihene. ”Bati “ nta ntwari yasabirije. ”

Ryangombe ati”Nyarwambari nta nkuru y’abahungu?”Ati nguyu Mashira. ”Mashira ati”shshshsh. ”Bati uyu ushishira ni muhungu ki?”

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Ryangombe ati “Nyarwambari nta nkuru y’abahungu?” Ati nguyu Kibungu. ” Kibungu ati “ndi Kibungu cya mwete wa Munana Sebahuta –indagu, ni mumbagire imbyeyi munkamire ingumba ntarira ngahwera. ”Bati “ urakaririra guca. ”

Abagunguje bose arabaakuza, uwivuze ibisumizi bikamuseka, haza kuza Binego ati”ndi Binego bya Kajumba, ndi Rubaga rwa Mukanya, Rukarabankaba Rutukuza mbuga, ndi inkuba ya Nyirijanja, nishe nyiri udusinde tubura gicoca nishe nyiri akajumba kabura gihingira, nica Mpumutumucuni wa Janja. Nica Mpa –umucyo nica Mpa-umushyo. Nibi nashaka nabisandaza. Nanga akagabo kamwenyamwenya ko kamwenyamwenya ku musonga. ”

SIMONI BIZIMANA

(Imiterere y’ikinyarwanda III umusogongero ku buvanganzo IRST)

IBIBAZO KU MWANDIKO

1. Vuga ubwoko bw’uyu mwandiko

2. Garagaza uturango tw’ikeshamvugo ryakoreshejwe muri uyu mwandiko

3. Ni ibiki biranga umuco n’amateka muri uyu mwandiko?

4. Umaze gusoma no gusesengura uyu mwandiko, garagaza uturango tuwutandukanya n’indi myandiko.

5. Umaze kumenya ubwoko bw’uyu mwandiko garagaza ibiwutandukanya n’indi myandiko yo muri ubwo bwoko.

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UMWANDIKO KU GUKEMURA MAKIMBIRANE SENTAMA YUNGA ABATURANYI

Nyirasimbikangwa na Nzabandora ni abaturanyi ba Sentama. Aba baturanyi ba Sentama bari bamaze icyumweru batongana bapfa ko Nyirasimbikangwa ahora yimura imbago z’isambu ye maze akarengera Nzabandora. Nzabandora nawe yagerayo akongera akazisubiza aho zari ziri. Sentama aza kunyura kuri Nzabandora ariho yitonganya avuga ati “ Nyirasimbikangwa anyeretse ko atabikangwa koko. Ariko nanjye ngiye kumwereka ko ndi umugabo! Nzahamutegera mpamukubitire kuburyo atazongera gutinyuka no kunyeganyeza imbago. Maze nzarebe ko atabikangwa koko. ” Sentama ati “yewe Nzabandora ko witonganya? Ibyo uvuga ni ibiki?” Nzabandora ati “reka sha Sentama rwose ndarembye umugore uri hano arandembeje! Ngo ni Nyirasimbikangwa ariko ntabikangwa koko! Arimura imbago uko bukeye uko bwije nazisubizayo akongera akazigarura. Ubu rero ndashaka kumuha isomo: Ndahamutegera mpamukubitire kuburyo atazongera. Sentama ati” Umuriro ntabwo uzimya undi muriro, ariko amazi yabikora. Igitutsi ntabwo cyahosha intonganya ariko amagambo meza n’ibiganiro byazihosha. Urwango ntirwahosha urwango ariko urukundo n’ubwiyunge byahosha urwango. None rero Nzabandora, ukwiye gusanga Nyirasimbikangwa mukaganira ku kibazo mufitanye, mukagikemura, byabananira mukifashisha abandi ndetse byaba ngombwa mukitabaza n’ubuyobozi.

Nzabandora ati “sinzajya gukomeza gusuzugurwa nuriya mugore no gutukwa na we. Uzi amahane ye? Uzi agasuzuguro ke? Ntaho nzajya!”Sentama ati “ngiye kumuhamagara aze mbahuze tubicoce. ” Nzabandora ati “wakamuhamagara

umenye ko ari wowe uza kuvuga ibijyanye no kutwunga byose sinshoboye gutukwa nuriya mugore. ” Sentama ati “ndabikora byose ntakibazo. ” Sentama ahamagara Nyirasimbikangwa na Nzabandora, arabahuza ababaza icyo bapfa. Nyirasimbikangwa ati” umva rero Sentama, uyu mugabo Nzabandora arandengera, akimura imbago, nazisubizayo akongera akazigarura hino mbese ubu nabuze uko nabigenza. ” Nzabandora aravuga ati” ibyo akubwiye byose nibyo akora ahubwo ninjye wabuze uko mbigenza.

Isambu yanjye nayisigiwe na Sogokuru na Sogokuruza ari uko ingana, sinumva ukuntu nayitwarwa nuyu mugore. ” Sentama ati “icyo mupfana kiruta icyo mupfa niyo mpamvu

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mukwiye kurandura icyo mupfa mukabagarira icyo mupfana ndetse mugasenya ibikuta bibatanya mukubaka ibiraro bibahuza. None rero ndi mukuru nabonye byinshi kandi nzi byinshi ndi umuturanyi wanyu kandi ndi umuvandimwe wanyu. Nimunyumve: aho hantu mupfa nimuhagabane, imbago muzishinge hagati kugirango amahoro aboneke, mwongere mubane bya kivandimwe ndetse mujye muhana imibyizi. ”Nyirasimbikangwa ati “ndabyemeye rwose ariko twongere tubane mu mahoro.

Nzabandora ati ”narinzi ko utabyemera ariko ubwo ubyemeye nanjye sinananirana. Tugende Sentama adushingire imbago. ” Baragenda Sentama abafasha gushinga imbago neza, barangije, barahoberana bose baravuga bati” ibidutanya ntibikabeho ukundi. ” Bashimira Sentama ukuntu abahuje akaba atumye bongera kubana bya kivandimwe.

IBIBAZO KU MWANDIKO

1. Erekana inkomo z’amakimbirane ari mu mwandiko

2. Ushingingiye ku mwandiko garagaza ingaruka z’amakimbirane ku iterambere

3. Ese ni uruhe ruhare rwa Sentama mu gukemura amakimbirane

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IMPAKA

IMPAKA NI IKI?

Impaka ni ikiganiro gikorwa hagati y’impande ebyiri, uruhande rumwe Rwemeranya n’insanganyamatsiko yatanzwe urundi ruhakana Insanganyamatsiko yatanzwe.

Insanganyamatsiko ni ingingo runaka itangwa ngo igibweho impaka, Ikaba igomba kugira ibisubizo bibiri aribyo yego na oya. Ugasobanura n’impamvu y’igisubizo cyawe.

Ibiganiro mpaka bikunze gukoreshwa iyo hari imyanzuro runaka ishaka gufatwa cyangwa gushaka ibitekerezo mu bantu benshi.

Bigakorwa uwemera avuga n’uhakana akavuga ariko ntawe ubangamiye undi.

INGERO KU NGINGO Z’IGIBWAHO IMPAKA

1. Muri rusange abantu benshi bakoresha umuriro kurusha amazi.

2. Abanyarwanda bavugako uburere buruta ubuvuke.

3. Mu buzima busanzwe abantu bamwe bavugako ijuru ribaho abandi bakabihakana.

4. Ushaka amahoro ategura intambara.

5. Gukura mo inda bikwiye kwemerwa n’amategeko.

IBIBAZO KU MPAKA

1. Himba ingingo eshatu zigibwaho impaka zitari muzavuzwe haruguru.

2. Toranya ingingo ebyiri muzavuzwe haruguru uzisobanure.

3. Ku giti cyawe vuga akamaro k’ibiganiro mpaka.

4. Mu ishuri ryanyu mukore ikiganiro mpaka kuri imwe mu nsanga nyamatsi kozatazwe haruguru.

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UMUVUGO: BIRADUSABA UBUSHAKE

Isuzumishe SIDA data kandi Isuzumishe SIDA mama nanjye Isuzuma ntirinsige sinsigare SIDA mu isi yasakaye kandi

5 Biradusaba subushake.

Babye ni mwe barinzi Ku marembo n’ibyanzu By’icyo cyorezo cyoretse imbaga Ntigitinye n’imbangurane

10. Kigakemba umukene n’umukire,

Kwisuzumisha ni inshingaNshaka ko mushishikarira gushimangiraNtimuhuge ngo SIDA itaduhumbaDore ko abagabo ibigaburira

15. Abasore ikabasenya

Isi igasamura; abagoreBagoreka ingendo ikabagondaYamara kubagira umuhigoIkabagongereza maze

20. Ikabazengereza igasya.

Yamara kubakindura, Abaturanyi bagatinda kubitahuraAmazimwe akaza ngo ni amarozi, Maze inzika zikazura umugara

25. Ibice bigacika mu miryango I wacu!

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Kwisuzumisha ku bushakeNiyo nshinga nshishikaye nshimangiraNamwe ni muhashinge agateBabyeyi mutubyara,

30. SIDA itabyara ikabyagira.

Leta ibibonye ityo iti“Ni hategurwe gahunda yo gusuzumaKubuntu imiryango ntera nkungaIratabara none

35. Muturage hatanguranwe

Muturage witinda kandiWitinya isuzumishe kubushakeAbabishinze bashishikariyeKugushakira ubuzima buzira umuze

40. Wizibukira iyo nzira.

Isizumishe ushize ubwobaKuko no mu bwana urayibanaUkazarinda uyisazana, Kuko kwisuzumisha SIDA

45. Bitanga umucyo wo k uyicyaha.

Iyo usanze waranduyeWirinda kwanduza abandiUgatoza abataranduraGutinya aho wanduriye

50. Ukagana amashyirahamwe,

Wamara kuyaganaUkagandukira inama za mu gangaMaze SIDA ntigusesereNgo igusonge

55. Ugasindagira iminsi.

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Mubyeyi byemere ubyumveMugihe utwite n’ibyizaKwisuzumisha byagufashaKubyara umwana muzima

60. Niyo waba waranduye.

Sanga muganga agusuzumeAguhe imiti igabanya ubukanaUkangukire kunywa imiti Udatentebuka dore kwisuzumisha

65. Mbere bimbereye ingabo!

Dore amahirwe buhinjaAvutse ari muzima wowe mubyeyiUmubyaye waranduyeFata imiti utamwanduza

70. Umwonsa cyangwa

Shaka ibisimbura amashereka, Hakiri kare ngo SIDAIdahindanya buhinja agahindurwaTutamuhomba intimba n’aghinda

75. Bikaduhindanya.

Ni uruhare rwabamazeKurushinga gushishikarizaN’abashaka kurushingaNgo bafatanye gushinga uwo

80. Mushinga SIDA itabashinyagurira.

Babyeyi bo mu Rwanda UburundiUbugande n’andi mahangaNimwe muri mu ruhandoRyo guhandura burundu

85. Uwo mugera ugeraniye isi,

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N’abasigaye gukabaUsizanira kubasingiraNgo ubasesere ubasenyeUbabuze gusindagira

90. No gusakara ubasonge!

Nyuma yo kwisuzumisha abarushinzeBasanga baranduye bakirindaKwanduza abandi dore ibigoNderabuzima n’amashyirahamwe

95. Mushyikire imiti no gushyikirana

N’abandi, mwirinde umuruhoMuharanire kubona indyo yuzuyeMuzibukire ibizira byose SIDAIbonekamo, ubuzima bukomeze

100. Niko kamaro ko kwisuzumisha.

Mwasanga umwe muri mweYaranduye akirinda kwanduzaUwo bashakanye mugashakaInzira yo kubana mutabangamiranye

105. Ni gukoresha agakingirizo.

Ntimucike integer niba abanaBanyu baranduye, ubuzimaBurakomeza mubahumurizeMubarinde inzara inzangano

110. Ntizize imiti baturane nayo

Gusuzumisha abana banyuNayo n’impanuro muhanurwaAbanyarwanda turwaneUrwamo rwacu rwumvikane

115. Isi yose niduhashya SIDA,

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Impundu zizira impumuZivuge urwunge mu rwagasaboBabyeyi kandi mweseAbamaze kurushinga

120. Ndi umutoza dore imyitozo

Mugabo niba wisuzumushiUgasanga waranduyeWikwigabiza abagore b’abandiNgo ubagabire icyo cyorezo

125. Kiporeke dore ko nawe

Utaba wisize kuko gusambanaWaranduye nabyo bigabanyaIminsi yo kubaho, SIDAIkagusya ikagusenya ikagusonga

130. Ugasiga udasezeye n’abo mu nzu:

Ntisige n’uwo mwasambanyeMwese mugasigara mumezeNk’abasinzi mugasesererwaAriko iyo wirinze n’iyo miti

135. Ukayifata urenza umunsi!

Mugabo irinde guca inyumaY’uwo mwashimanye mugashakanaNgo uhehete mu bakobwa utakoyeNizo mpongano zitera ubukene,

140. Dore uwo mwashakanye aragushaka!!

Nawe mugore wijya mu bagaboRugaba atakugabiyeReka no guhonga utwo duhunguNgo utubuze gutuza

145. Ni umura kuduhuma uduhumanye!!

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Rubyiruko mizero y’ahazazaMwirinde ababahuma babahongaKuko bamara kubarindagizaBakabarimbura, mwirinde

150. kwandavura Urwanda rubahanze amaso

Isuzumishe SIDA woweUwo mwashakanye n’abana banyuSIDA ni umucengezi ucengeraBucece, ntisuzumishwa ijisho

155. Iracengera igaca ingando!

Yamara kubisukamo ikabisanzuramoIkabashyikira umushyitsi ukabatahaMugataha ibitaro ubudatahaUbutindi bugatera ubudatuza,

160. Abari bifashije mugahinduka abo gufashwa

N’abo musize ntibasinzireInzara ikababaho akarandeNtiranduke yamara kurambiranaAbo gufashwa bagahinduka imbaga,

165. N’agahinda kagahinda!!

Naho mwebwe isi ikasamiraKubamira SIDA yamara kubasenyaMugasezera ubutazongera gusuhuzaInturo zigataha amatongo,

170. None kwisuzumisha ni ingenzi.

Yemwe abashakanye dore SIDAIsakaye isi yose irabica bigacikaNtisuzumishwa ijishoNo gusuzumisha abana banyu

175. Ni bibe umuco udacika, mube igicumbi

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Cy’uwo muco mufunge icyanzuCy’icyo cyorezo aricyo busambanyiNo gutizanya ibikoresho bikomeretsaMukoresha kwifata ubudahemuka

180. N’agakingirizo, na magendu agende.

Icyo cyorezo SIDA mucyime icyanzuN’imicyamo mukorere mu mucyoKiramutinya mukenyere ukuri mwitereUrugwiro mukindikize umurava

185. SIDA ituvemo burundu.

Sindangije ndahetuyeUntere ingabo mu bituguTwugarire turugarijweInshinga nshimangira ni ukwisuzumisha

190. Kubushake twese umuryango.

MUGENGANA Michel (2008) Irushanwa ryo guhimba no kwandika imivugo.

IBIBAZ0 KU MWANDIKO

1. Vuga ubwoko bw’uyu mwandiko

2. Uyu mwandiko utandukaniyehe n’indi myandiko twizwe?

3. Sobanura amagambo akurikira ari mu mwandiko:

_SIDA

_Untere ingabo mu bitugu

_Icyorezo

_Uruhando

_Gushyikirana

_Guhiindaana

_Guhindurwa

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UMWANDIKO KU MUCO N’AMATEKA Y’URWANDA

Umuco ni imibereho y’umuntu, umuryango cyangwa abantu basangiye igihugu, ukaba ugaragarira mu mirire, indamukanyo, imyambarire, imvugo, imbyino n’ibindi byose bigaragariramo ikinyabupfura. Amateka ni ahashize h’abantu

cyangwa ibyo abantu banyuzemo. Umuco kimwe n’amateka bishobora kuba bibi cyangwa byiza.

Mbere y’ubukoroni abanyarwanda bari basangiye umuco n’amateka meza kuko wasangaga abanyarwanda bashyize hamwe urwaye bakamuheka bakamujyana kwamuganga, ufite ubukwe bakamutwerera ndetse bakana mutahira ubukwe. Uwabyaye, abaturanyi bakamukeza, bakamuhemba, yaba adafite inka bakamukamira, ntewe bakamutabara, upfushije bakamutabara mbese ngasanga ntamuntu n’umwe urinyamwigendaho. Abantu bagafatanya muri byose. Abantu bose b’abagabo babaga mu itorero aho batorezwaga indangagaciro na kirazira, bagatozwa kurasa, guhamiriza kugira ubutwari, kwivuga no guhiga kuko nta mugabo wasangaga atagira ikivugo. Bagiraga inkera y’imihigo ni ho bashimiraga intwari bakaziha impeta z’ishimwe ndetse bakananenga ibigwari. Abagore n’abakobwa nabo bagiraga urubohero aho bigiraga kuboha n’indi mirimo yitwaga iyabagore icyo gihe.

Ubukoroni buje bwazanye ibyiza n’ibindi bibi byinshi. mu byiza twavuga nko kubaka amashuri, imihanda, amavuriro n’insengero. ibi bikaba byaragiye bigira akamaro kuva icyo gihe kugeza n’ubu kuko twese ibyiza by’imihanda turabibona igihe ingendo zacu tuzikora bitworoheye kandi vuba. Amashuri nayo adufitiye akamaro kuko twigiramo byinshi kandi bidufitiye akamaro ndetse bigafitiye n’igihugu cyacu. mu mashuri niho twigira kumenya ibibi, ibyiza n’ibyiza cyane maze tugaharanira kugera ku byiza cyane.

Amavuriro nayo nimeza kuko niho dukirira indwara, tukanamenya uko twarushaho gufata neza ubuzima bwacu ngo butaducika. Insengero nazo ninziza

kuko naho tuhigira gukurikiza amategeko y’Imana, bikadufasha kubana na bagenzi bacu neza dukundanye kandi ibyo ni nabyi leta yacu idukangurira. Ibi byiza byose ntibyaje kubera ubukoroni kuko byaranashobokaga ko bitugeraho hatagombye kubaho gukoronezwa.

Ubukoroni rero bwatuzaniye n’ibibi byinshi harimo amoko ariyo yabaye umuzi w’amacakubiri mu banyarwanda. Aha niho batangiriye guca abanyarwanda mo ibice

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bishingiye ku moko, bafata umukire bamwita umututsi, umuhinzi bamwita umuhutu, naho uwahigaga akanabumba bamwita umutwa. Ibi ntahantu byari bishingiye kandi bene kubizana bari babizi kuko bari bazi neza ko no kwa muganga bapimye amaraso y’abo bantu ntanumwe bari gusangamo ubututsi, ubutwa cyangwa ubuhutu. Kuko nabasangiye se na nyina babaga batandukanye mu rwego rw’ubukungu bityo ugasanga umwe abaye umuhutu undi abaye umututsi undi abaye umutwa. Ibi byashyigikiwe n’ubutegetsi bubi bw’icyo gihe, abanyarwanda bamwe barameneshwa bava mu gihugu cyabo ndetse abandi baricwa bazira ko babise abatutsi. Ingengabitekerezo ya jenoside irakura, jenoside irategurwa kugeza ubwo ikozwe kumugaragaro mu 1994. indanga gaciro na kirazira zari zaribagiranye abahutu bica abatutsi, barabasenyera ndatse baranabatwikira.

Ariko abanyarwanda bari barameneshejwe mu gihugu cyabo nibo bahurije hamwe umugambi wo kutarebera ayo mahano yagwiriye igihugu cyabo nibwo ingabo zahoze ari iza FPR- INKOTANYI zaje zihagarika jenoside ndetse zishyiraho ubuyobozi bwiza bubereye abaturarwanda. Ubungubu igihugu cyarasanwe, ubumwe n’ubwiyunge hagati y’uwishe n’uwiciwe bwagezweho binyuze muri GACACA, umunyarwanda kazi n’umunyarwanda barareshya kandi baruzuzanya muri byose (gender).

Umukobwa n’umuhungu bose bariga kandi ntawe ukitwa ko ashoboye ngo undi yitwe ko adashoboye. nta munyarwanda ukiba muri nyakatsi habe no kuyiryamaho, nta munyarwanda utacyambara inkweto. Yewe nta n’ukirwara bwaki kuko leta y’ubumwe bw’abanyarwanda yabikemuye ibinyujije muri gira inka munyarwanda.

Ubu umunyarwanda kazi n’umunyarwanda barebana mo ubunyarwanda ntibarebana mo ubwoko. ubu urwanda ruragendwa kandi buri munyarwanda

araharanira kugera kw’iterambere rirambye, guca kure amacakubiri araharanira kuba intore n’indashyikirwa iabishyigikiwe mo n’ubuyobozi bwiza, bumucungira umutekano we n’uwi bintu bye. ubuyobozi bwiza dufite kandi butwigisha indangagaciro na kirazira, kugira ubumwe, umurimo no gukunda igihugu.

IBIBAZO KU MWANDIKO

1. Umuco n’amateka bihuriyehe?

2. Garagaza ibintu biranga umuco byavuzwe mu mwandiko.

3. Ushingiye k’umwandiko, vuga ingingo z’amateka zigaragara?

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UMWANDIKO KU ITONDAGURANSHINGA: INEZA Y’UMUSHYITSI

Abagenzi benshi bakunze kugenda bafite iyo bagiye akenshi basuye abantu, mu muco umuntu ugusuye aba ari umugisha. Iyo yahageraga agasanga uwo yasuye hari akarimo yakoraga, akenshi ahita ashaka uko yakamufasha. Nk’iyo abana

bamubonye bakagenda bavuga ngo twasanze bakora, ubwo umukuru murugo agatuma uwo mwana ati “genda umubwire aze mu rugo. ”

Yahagera bati yoooo!! Uradusura ukajya no mu mirimo kandi uri umushyitsi?

Ati “ntacyo rwose. ” Kuko iyo ndi murugo iyo ndi mba ndi mu murima, abandi ugasanga bahinga, bakavoma, bagatashya ntacyo bibatwaye.

Muri make ndakora, ndahinga kuko mba numva ntacyo bintwaye, keretse wenda iyo numva narwaye nibwo nicara nkumva sinshaka gukora cyangwa ndwaye amaso nti sinsoma atandya.

Ibi rero mu muco nyarwanda ni byiza kubona umushyitsi ndetse uzi kuganira akanafasha abo asanze nibwo bagira bati “burya umushyitsi ni umugisha. ”

IBIBAZO KU MWANDIKO

1. Vuga inshinga eshanu(5)ziri mu mwandiko zirimo ingereka unagaragaze izo ngereka.

2. Tandukanya izo ngereka ushingiye ku bwoko n’umwanya ziherereyemo.

3. Iga izi nshinga zikurikira ukurikije itondaguranshinga.

-abagenzi barahise.

-ndacyasoma

-Sinshaka inzoga

-akanafasha abo asanze

-ntabafite amakaye

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AKAMARO KO KWIGA: Umwandiko ku ikomoranshinga.

Iyo bavuze kwiga akenshi humvikana imyigire yo mu ishuri dusanzwe tuzi, nyamara imyigire iri ukwinshi, kandi yose ifasha uyiga kugira icyo yiyungura, nko kuva kera mu muco abanyarwanda barigaga kandi bigatuma batawuta aho abana bigishwaga

ibintu byinshi kandi bakabisobanurirwa uko biteye mu muco. Duhereye nko ku nka yari ifite agaciro cyane, babisobanuriraga abana bakababwirako kubera kugumbaha inka itima, bagerageza kumurika ibintu byose byangombwa mu muco, aho basobanurirwaga ko guharika atari byiza, bakwiye gushaka ibintu byiza biryohera abandi. Nyuma y’icyo gihe rero haje ubundi buryo bw’abazungu bwo kwigira mu mashuti bakoreshaga kubwira abantu ku bagana ngo bahigire idini n’indi mico y’abazungu yari kuzabafasha kuubika iyo twari dusanganywe, tukubama ku mico yabo gusa.

Ariko bidatinze bwaje kuba uburyo bwiza cyane aho ubwa mbere y’abazungu bwibandaga ku muco gusa ubu bwo bwarimo kuvunagura muri make ku ngeri zose n’umuco urimo. Ugasanga bahigira indyo nziza Atari yayindi yo kuryagagura, kandi badatobanga n’ibyiza byariho. Ugasanga bahigishirizwa uburyo bwose bwo gutarura no kubenguka ibibagenewe ibindi nabo bakabyishakira.

Iyi myigire yazanywe n’abazungu yagiriye akamaro kanini cyane abayigannye aho bize kuvuga indimi nyinshi no kwandika. Ugasanga ibntu byabo bisomeka muri make biboneka pe!

Ubwabo bakarebana mu rwego rwo kugirana inama bakabikora umwe yandikira undi bigatuma bikiza ibintu byinshi byari bwangirike. Niyo mpamvu rero wasangaga ababyeyi bahingisha imirima yabo ngo babone uko bishyurura abana amashuri. Kubera rero inyungu z’uwabaga yarize, nk’umukobwa bamukoshaga ibya Mirenge.

Ibi kandi byatumye kugendwa ku Rwanda byiyongera kuko abazaga bose basangaga intiti zize zibafasha kumvikana. Si ibyo bihe gusa rero nubu kwiga bifite akamaro kandi niyo mpamvu ari ngombwa gukangurira abana bacu kwiga.

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IBIBAZO KU MWANDIKO

1. Vuga amoko y’inshinga ziciyeho akarongo mu mwandiko

2. Mu nshinga ziciyeho akarongo erekana iziva ku mazina

3. Muri izi nshinga ziciyeho akarongo erekana iziva ku nshinga

4. Garagaza uturemajambo twizi nshinga mu misesengurire yazo

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UMWANDIKO KURI SIDA: SIDA NTA MUTI NTA RUKINGO

Hgati mu kwezi kwa gatandatu mfatwa n’indwara nari ntarabona. Ahajya mu byaziha byiburyo hasesa ibiheri byinshi, mbanza kugirango ni icyambabye. Biranga biratutumba birakura bikajya bizamo amazi. Bikandya kuburyo bwihariye. Ntakintu

nigeze numva kiryana nkiyo ndwara, yewe n’igise cyarahiriwe nticyandiye nkayo. Njya kwa muganga bampebya ko nta muti uyivura, bangira inama yo kurya ibiryo bifite vitamin kandi buri munsi nkajya ngenda bakantera ipasi mu mugongo. Njyeze aho natererwaga ipasi ni ho nabonye abandi barwaye nkanjye. Yari “zona. ” Irambabaza igeze aho irakira. Wamugiraneza anyongera amezi abiri yo kuriha inzu, ngo mbanze nkire. Nkira byahe, ko kuva ubwo indwara zagiye zinkuranwaho bikaba urudaca! Nijajaraga icyumweru, mu kindi nkaba ndi hasi. Nzakuremba njya mu bitaro, Mama aza ku ndwaza, musaza wanjye asigara imuhira ariko ntakahabe maze abajura barabasahura barabacucura. Ndoroherwa

Mama arataha. Amezi abiri yari yarashize, nta ntege narimfite, ndirengagiza sinava mu nzu, shebuja wag asana na we atinya kunsezerera areba nt buzima.

Ntashye namaze ukwezi kumwe mu rugo nibwo nongeye kuremba ngaruka aha. Kuva ubwo kugeza ubu sindasubirayo. Mama ntiyongeye kugaruka kundwaza kuko ninjiye ibitaro ndi umurwayi wumvumva, nimbeshyerwe bari no kongera kumusahura utwari twarasigaye. Yabanje kujya atega imodoka nka kabiri mu cyumwera akangeraho bigeze aho amafaranga amushiraho. Hambete aha numvise ko ngo musaza wanjye yatwaye ipikipiki atarayimenya neza imukubita hasi none nawe akaba ari mubitaro. Singira uwu nasize inyuma, utuntu natubikije umuturanyi, singira untekera ngo angemurire, nitungiwe nabagira neza bakorera Imana. Abaturanyi sinabarenganya kandi ni mu gihe. Bakuru banjye barubatse, ntibata ingo zabo ngo baje kundwaza n’imbeshyerwe batatu muri bo ni indushyi zemeye kunambira abana gusa. Amafaranga y’imiti nyishyura kutwo nari narabitse. Ayo ibitaro uwari shebuja wa Gasana yarayishingiye. Mubyara wanjye ntakiba ino. Yararongowe akurikira umugabo we aho akora ku Gisenyi ngiyo impamvu ubona nabaye nk’utagira abanjye.

Nkigera hano, abaganga ntibatinze kumbwirako nanjye narwaye agakoko gatera SIDA. Cyakora nkaba nari narabiketse nkurije ukuntu bayivugaga n’ibimenyetso nibonagaho.

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Ibyo bimenyetso kandi nabibonye ku bana banjye, mbibona no kuri Gsana. Ndi aha ntazakira, ariko ruranantindiye ngo uwari jye na Gasana tuzime. Sinamutera ibuye ngo ni we wayinyanduje kuko nanjye kenshi nararanye n’abandi bagabo, iyo atayinzanira nari kuyimuha. Sinshidikanya kandi ko umugabo wa Monika ariyo yazize. Dore ngo nawe asigaye aragenda yesa impanga gusa. Aho bu shebuja aramukurikira, n’umugore we, n’abana babyaye. Nyiri urupangu nari ntuye mo ubwo nawe naramukongeje, ashyira umugore we. Abagore bose baryamanye na Gasana bafashe icyororo, boroza abagabo babo na bo baha amahabara yabo, biba uruhererekane. Ku ruhande rwanjye na rwo ni uko. Nyagasani ambabarire niba ari uko byagenze sinabikoranye ubugome!

Wishavura yavugaga atyo ababaye cyane, yari afite ikiniga maze araturika ararira. Arira amarira ntigeze mbona ubwo yambwiraga urupfu rw’abana be n’umugabo we. Hagati aho akomeza avuga ati “mbabajwe n’iyo rubanda nyamwinshi igiye gushirira ku icumu we… Aho iyo ndwara ibereye mbi, ngo nta muti, nta n’urukingo bitegerejwe vuba. ”

Yongera kurira. Yari ariteye mu rya wa muganga. SIDA ni indwara mbi koko! Iyo mungu iminga ubuzima bw’umuntu ngo iba yarigize kagarara ku miti yose! Uwo mubyeyi yari amenyereye kuvuga akenshi simusubize. Se nari gusubiza iki? Uko nyizi nari gutangira kuvuga nanjye nkarira. Nkamutera kutabasha kwihangana. Ndamureka arakomeza.

Mwana wa Mama, kugeza ubu ngubwo ubuzima bw’uwo se yise Wishavura maze we akaba yarabibye ishavu agasarura irindi. Agapfunyika naronkeye I Kigali sinagashyiriye Mama uko yambuzaga k’umugoroba nari nashegeyeho kuza ino. Cyakora ntiyambereye umubyeyi gito yamfashije kugahambura. Sinavuga ngo inkuru nakubwiye ndayishoje. Nuyandika uzabe ari wowe uyisoza, uzashyireho uko bizagenda muminsi isigaye kugirango nitarure. Ntabwo ari myinshi. Ibyo byose nubirangiza uzambwirire abakobwa barumuna banjye uti “uwari wishavura Anita yapfuye abatekereza mwese aho muva mukagera, ntamupaka w’ibihugu n’ubwoko. ” Uti “Bari ba Nyagasani kandi ngoro za Roho Mutagatifu mwiyubahe mwubahe n’iyo Hekaru y’Imana ariyo mubiri mwahawe. Mwarawuragijwe si uwanyu. Nimuhorane ubupfura n’ubumanzi muzagororerwa. ” Uzongereho uti “ musigeho kwitanga mutagabuye, agaseke kapfundikiwe n’iyabahanze kazapfundurwe nuwo yabageneye umwe rukumbi. ” Uti” Muzagire ibyishimo kandi muzaba mubikwiye, mwongereho no kunyura ukubiri n’ishyano SIDA ritababarira uruhinja, ntiribabarire umusore cyangwa umusaza. ”

Uzambwirire abasore uti”iraha ni ryiza cyane cyane iyo wiyumva mo ifaranga.

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”Uti”ariko umwijuto w’ikinonko ugirango imvura ntizagwa. Mu iraha ryanyu muririnde ijambo”nkundwa n’abakobwa beza”kuko muba mutazi ibibihishe mo. Ntimugakangwe n’ikimero cyiza, agakoko ka SIDA gashobora gutura muri iryo ribagiza imyaka igashira indi igataha kandi bitamugaragaraho, ntibinamubuze gukwiza icyororo mu baryamanye na we bose. Nibwo mwumvango amabuye ameneka urwondo rugisukuma. ”

Uzambwirire abagabo bubatse uti”nimusigeho guta ingo zanyu. Murahemukira abo mwashakanye namwe mutisize. ”Uti”intorezo itababarira ibategereje mu ngeso y’ubusambanyi mwo ka nyagwa mwe. Ni mutunge umugore umwe mwirarikira ab’abandi naho ubundi kababayeho. Ni mwibuke ko mutiyahura gusa ahubwo muzakurizamo gutsemba imiryango. ”

Abagore bubatse bagenzi ba we, uzabambwirire uti”na kera kose inkunguzi y’igikoba yikururira amakara. ”Uti”ibya kera si byo by’ubu:Umugore ntakiri uw’umuryango. ”Rero ngo benshi basasira abagabo b’abandi bashaka umuramuko. Simbaseka nanjye nabikoze inshuro zitabarika. Uzababwire uti”icyo uzarya ejo Imana Irara igishaka. Uzongereho uti”ntawe utanga icyo adafite kandi ngo n’uwiba ahetse abayereka uwo mu mugongo. ”Abo badahazwa n’umugabo umwe, uzabambarize uti”umunsi abana mubyara babakurikije hazacura iki?”

Uzambwirire abasore n’inkumi bifuza kurushinga uti”uwo muriro ubatera kubona uwo mukunda ntawe umuruta ni akanya gato ugahosha. ”Uti”ariko urukundo mwikunda ntiruzacuya, ntiruzacagata. Nimubwire uwo muzabana mubanze mwisuzumishe ko mutanduye agakoko ka SIDA. Bityo ntawe uzapfunyikirwa amazi. ”

Ndatekereza cyane ku rubyiruko ruri ku misozi iyo i wacu mu cyaro, rutana ngo ruje ino gushaka amahaho. Uzarumbwirire uti”mu mugi nta mukiro uhari cyanecyane iyo udafite impamyabushobozi witwaje. ”Uti”kandi i Kigali harinjirwa nti hasohokwa, uhageze wese ntaba agitashye, kabone n’iyo yaburara atekereza ko i wabo amata avuna imitozo, amarwa ashengura intango. ”Uti”uko kuhaba nta mukoro bikurura ingeso zibyara ingaruka mbi. Ni ubusinzi, umwanzi w’ubuzima, ni ubujura burangirira mu munyururu, ni ubusambanyi buhereza SIDA, n’izindi nyinshi. ”nyamuneka uzababurire bigumire i wabo bisunge umukangurambaga Leta yabahaye azabagire inama.

N’abarwayi nka njye ndabagutumaho. Uzambirire abagabo n’abagore basanze mo ako uti”kubyara mubyibagirwe. Ni ishyano mwararigushije, ariko muzirinde guha ubuzima

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ikiremwa kitabubasaba, muzi neza kokizavukira kubabara gusa no kubarushya. ”Abasore n’abakobwa bo biyizi ko bayirwaye bazirinde gutekereza gushyingiranywa n’akiri bazima. abo bayirwaye uzongere ubambwirire uti

”nimusigeho kuvuga ngo na none ntacyo mushya mwarura! Nimureke gukangura intare isinziriye hato idashira iroro ikabiraramo. Agakoko ka SIDA kabarimo karahwekereye, muhave kukongeraho akandi tutaba tubiri n’amcumu yatwo akikuba kabiri bityo intwaro zikagwira ntimubashe kuziva imbere. Erega mugize amahirwe kazakanguka iminsi yigiyeyo!”

Muri abo kandi hari abavuga ngo”nanjye nari umuntu reka nishakire abo tuzajyana. ”Nyamara baribeshya ibyiyo ndwara ni amayobera. Uti”byaragaragaye ko abaryamana nabo yafashe atariko bose bayandura. ”Mbese baretse kwiteranya ko nta kuroga kutari uko?

Uzambarize abanyarwanda kwiteza inshinge za magendu. Umva nawe si izubuntu, sizo zigura make ntan’ubwo arizo. Ubu ibigo nderabuzima byarakwirakwijwe kandi haracyubakwa ibindi. ntawe ugikubita urugendo ajya kwivuza. Uza boshye ugira uti”mbese ba magendu mwabamaganiye Kure? Ko urushinge rwabo rumwe bateresha imbaga y’abantu, rutozwa, ntirutekwe narwo rudasiba kudukwirakwizamo iyo SIDA !”

Abarokotse iryo shyano ni bo benshi, uzabashimire. Uzabambwirire uti”umurwayi wa SIDA ni umuntu kimwe namwe, ava amaraso nubwo yanduye bwose. Mwo kabyara mwe ntimuzamwitaze umwuka ahumeka si wo uzabahumanya. Muribuke ko ugeze kure wese akenera inkunga y’abazima, akenera umutima umwumva, ashimishwa n’inseko icyeye, no kumva ko ari umuntu, ariko cyane cyane akenera kumva afashwe nk’abandi. Muritondere urubanza mumucira, urwo gupfa murarutinye kuko mutazi uburyo yamufasha. ”

Abazasoma inkuru y’uwitwa wishavura bose uzababwire uti “SIDA ni umwanzi mubi, nimuyiheze ntimutume yinjira iwanyu. ’ Ni nka ka gati umanika wicaye, wajya kukamanura ugahaguruka.

Niyitegeka Mukarugira Yuliyana, Wishavura, imp. 113-122, printer set, nzeri 1989

IBIBAZO BYO GUKORA MU MATSINDA

1. Ni bande bavugwa muri uyu mwandiko?

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2. Umurwayi uvugwa muri uyu mwandiko yari ategereje gukira ? Andika interuro iri mu mwandiko yemeza igisubizo cyawe.

3. Ari uyu murwayi ari n’uwari umugabo we uwanduje undi ni nde ukurikije ibivugwa mu mwandiko?

4. Nk’umunyeshuri wiga mu mwaka wa gatanu, wafata izihe ngamba kugira ngo wirinde kwandura indwara ya SIDA ?

5. Ufite umurwayi wa SIDA wamugira izihe nama kugira ngo abashe kubaho igihe kire kire ?

6. Umurwayi aragira inama ibyiciro byinshi by’abantu. Andika ibyo byiciro byose n’inama abiha mu ncamake.

7. Ni izihe ndwara zikunze kuba ibyuririzi by’umurwayi wa SIDA ?

8. Hari aho umwanditsi akoresha imvugo zishushanya ? havuge Kandi usobanure icyo izo mvugo zishushanya.

9. Andika imigani y’imigenurano n’inshoberamahanga biri mu mwandiko kandi ubisobanure.

10. Sobanura amagambo agukomereye ukoresheje inkoranya.

IMYITOZO:

Kwandika: hina uyu mwandiko kuri kimwe cya kane cyawo

Kuvuga: Jya imbere y’abandi banyeshuri uvu icyo uzi kuri

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SIDA n’uburyo wayirinda.

UMWANDIKO KU MARANGAMUTIMA: UMWANA UTEYE IMBABAZI

Munyanshongore ni umugabo ufite urugo n’umugore witwa Madarina ku nshuro yabo yambere babyara, babyaye umwana witwa Muteteri. Uyu mwana yavutse ateye imbabazi cyane, yari afite akaboko kamwe, atumva ndetse

n’akaguru kamwe ari akarema. Muganga akimara kumubyaza ngo abone uwo mwana ati “yoo! Disi ni akarema. ”

Nyina ahita ashidukira hejuru ati “hoshi! Urabeshya. ” Nawe arebye asanga nibyo koko. Nyuma Munyanshongore bamubwira ko yabyaye ariko akarema. Akibyumva ati “yewee! Byashoboka kuko no mumuryango twamugiraga. ”

Muteteri amaze gukura, agashaka kwigenza wenyine yarenga metero ebyiri no hasi ngo pii! Ubwo akongera akabyuka. Nyuma nibwo yaje kujya kwiga, abana bamubonye ubwa mbere bose bati “dore wee! Uriya mwana yabaye iki?” mbega bose bamufitiye imbabazi.

Yaje kuza yakerewe, bituma yihuta cyane maze aratsikira yikubita hasi ngo paa! Nawe ati “ayii! Nimuntabare wee!” abagenzi barimo bahita bati “oh oh oh! Wamwana aguye munsi y’umuhanda. ” Nibwo bagiye baramuterura basanga yavunitse bahita bamujyana kw’ivuriro kumuvuza.

IBIBAZO KU MWANDIKO

1. Garagaza amarangamutima ari muri uyu mwandiko

2. Vuga andi magambo atanu y’amarangamutima uzi

3. Amarangamutima atandukaniye he nandi magambo?

4. Amarangamutima akoreshwa ryari

5. W’umvise amagambo y’amarangamutima wiyumvisha iki?

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IBIDUKIKIJE: AKAMARO K’AMAZI

Nili mu Misiri; bayibyaje umusaruro.

Amazi meza ni isoko y’ubuzima, iyo ni imvugo imenyerewe. Mubikenerwa ku isi yose no mumibereho ya buri munsi, amazi ni ingenzi, ni ikimenyabose nk’umuravumba.

Ayo tunywa, dutekesha aba asukuye, ntagira ibara, impumuro cyangw isa. Bayita amazi ya teke, amazi y’urusaro cyangwa ay’urubogobogo. Abahanga bahamya ko 70 ku ijana by’umubiri wacu bigizwe n’amazi. Kugirango tugumane ubuzima buzira umuze, abazobereye mu kubungabunga amagara yacu batugira inama yo kunywa nibura litiro eshatu zayo buri munsi. Ariko burya n’ibiribwa dufungura nk’ibijumba, ibirayi, ibihaza, amagi, inyama n’ibindi bibamo amazi. Mu Kinyarwanda, ntibisanzwe kugotomera nk’uruho rw’amazi buzi ugashira inyota, ejo ukongera, ukabigira itetu. Benshi babikora nko gushoberwa no gutindahara. Twumva aberura bati “nta mugabo wo kunywa amazi. ” Nyamara ibinyobwa byose uhereye ku mitobe ifutse imara inyota, no kubinyobwa bishyushye nk’amarike : ikawa n’icyayi ukongeraho ibisindisha bitesha umutwe, bitegerwa hitabajwe amazi.

Abanga kwerura, iyo bashaka kuvuga inzoga, amarwa n’ibindi bikarishye nk’ibyo babyita “amazi aboze, amazi y’urugamba cyangwa amazi y’abagabo. ” Ngiyo

inkomoko y’amazi bwite nka Kinigamazi, Nyamuryamazi, Rubundakumazi n’ayandi.

Ikinyabuzima cyose kirayakenera : umuntu, ikimera n’inyamaswa ntibyabaho bitayafite. Hari ndetse n’inyamaswa nk’imvubu, ingona, amafi, udukoko nk’imisundwe, inyogaruzi, imitubu n’utundi byibera mu mazi. Iyo biyabuze birapfa, bigahitanwa n’umwuma. Ibimera nk’amarebe, ibifunzo, ibikangaga, umurago nabyo bikurira mu mazi. Igiti kiyabuze kiruma, kigahinduka urukwi.

Iyo ibihingwa bibuze imvura, ntibivomererwe, ntibishobora kumera, gukura no kwera. Imvura nayo ikomoka ku mazi cyane cyane ay’inzuzi, ibiyaga inyanja n’ayandi ahinduka umwuka, ugatumbagira mu kirere, ukaba ibicu. Iyo bikonje bigahinduka ubutita, amaherezo bigaruka k’ubutaka ari ibitonyanga cyangwa amahindu. Aho itagera na rimwe bahita ubutayu. Iyo imvura iguye tubyita umugisha, burya ngo ibimera ni ibyonkajuru. Iyo ibaye nyinshi bikabije itera imyuzure n’isuri ihitana abantu n’ibintu. Igihu kibudika ntubone

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imbere yawe, urubura rucucumira ibihingwa mu mirima, urume rutonda k’ubyatsi no ku biti, nabyo bifite inkomoko imwe n’imvura.

Ntidushobora kurngwa n’isuku tudafite amazi meza n’isabune. Kumesa, gukaraba, kwiyunyuguza, gukaraba, gusukura aho dutuye, kuronga ibitekwa no kubyinika, koza ibikoresho binyuranye, kurangwa n’isuku isesuye, byose bisaba amazi. Uretse ubuhinzi n’ubworozi tumenyereye, hari imirimo itari mike ikenera amazi, nk’ubwubatsi, ububumbyi, ubucuzi, uburobyi n’iyindi. Inganda zitari nke nk’inzengero, izitunganya ibiribwa n’ibikoresho binyuranye, n’ingomero zikenera amazi. Ingomero nka ntaruza, n’izindi ebyiri zizwi neza ino zibyazwa ingufu z’amashanyarazi acanwa I Kigali no muyindi mijyi, agakoreshwa mu nganda zinyuranye.

Amazi yinjiye mu kuzimu ariyungurura akavubuka mu masoko. Aboneka kandi mu mariba yafukuwe, mubigega bya bugenewe, mu bishanga, mu bidendezi no mu bizenga: ibi bisakuma amazi yibirohwa ahinduka indiri y’inzoka, amacinya n’izindi ndwara z’impiswi kandi bikarikwa mo n’imibu idukururira marariya. Igihugu cyacu gifite inzuzi n’imigezi nka rukarara, nyabugogo, nyabarongo, akagera n’iyindi.

Ifite ibiyaga nka kivu, muburengerazuba burera na ruhondo byo mu Murera, Muhazi yo mu Buganza, Mugesera na Sake byo mu Mirenge, Ihema, Nasho, Mpanga, Rwampanga, n’ibindi dusanga mucyanya cy’Akagera. Akamaro kabyo karazwi bihagije: nk’uburobyi, ubukerarugendo, ubushakashatsi, koga n’indi myitozo ngororamubiri bikorerwa mo, ndetse bibungabunga ibidukikije. Amazi ashyushye y’amashyuza nkayo mu ntara y’iburengerazuba mu karere ka rusizi avura rubagimpande, amavunane n’indwara z’imitsi.

Kuyavuga siko kuyamara. Abafite amahirwe yo kugira amazi meza bakwiye kwirinda kuyasesagura, konona imiyoboro yawo no kuyahumanya. Kuyamena mo imyanda mvaruganda, ikomoka ku nyamaswa no kubantu ni ubugizi bwa nabi nk’ubundi. Amazi y’imvura tubona atemba agatwarwa n’Akagera, Vigitoriya, Nili agakiza Misiri mbere yo kwiroha muri mediterane tiyahutse akabikwa yabyazwa umusaruro ushimishije, yakoreshwa imirimo inyuranye cyana cyane mu mpeshyi: nko kuvomerera ibihingwa, kuhira amatungo, kugureshwa mu bwubatsi n’iyindi.

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IBIBAZO KU MWANDIKO

1. Uhereye k’umwandiko, erekana imimaro 4 y’amazi mumibereho yacu ya buri munsi.

2. Muri rusange, umuntu akeneye kunywa amazi angina ate buri munsi? Ayakurahe? Ese abanyarwanda babyubahiriza bate?

3. Andika amazina y’indwara 2 ziterwa no kunywa amazi mabi.

4. Uhereye k’umwandiko, sobanura uko igiti kinywa amazi.

5. Sobanura iyi mvugo” ibimera ni ibyonkajuru”

6. Tanga ingero ebyiri zerekanako ubworozi bukeneye amazi.

7. Ngo “amazi arashyuha ntiyibagirwa iwambeho. ” Sobanura uwo mugani mugufi kandi utange n’urugero.

8. Ikiyaga cya kivu kitumariye iki? Andika imimaro ine.

9. Amazi ahuriye hehe n’amashanyarazi ko tuvuga mu Kinyarwanda ko umuriro utinya amazi? Tanga amazina y’ingomero eshatu zizwi mu Rwanda.

10. Uretse impeshyi yavuzwe mu mwandiko, tanga andi mazina 3 y’ibihe binyuranye y’umwaka w’ubuhinzi mu Rwanda.

11. Amasoko y’amazi avubuka aturutsehe? Amariba aboneka ate?

12. Inama 2 barangiza batugira kubyerekeye imikoreshereze myiza y’amazi ni izihe?

1. SOBANURA AMAGAMBO AKURIKIRA:

A, kuba ikimenyabose nk’umuravumbaB, kugira ikintu itetuC, amazi y’urugambaD, guhinduka ubutitaE, amashyuzaF, amazi y’ibirohwaG, isa y’amaziH, amahinduI, isuriJ, amarike

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2. ANDIKA IMBUSANE ZAYA MAGAMBO

A, ikizimaB, kumaC, imigishaD, kwanduzaE, isuku

3. ANDIKA IMPUZANYITO Z’AYA MAGAMBO ACIYEHO AKARONGO

UKORESHEJE AMAGAMBO YO MU MWANDIKO.

A, amazi ahinduka umwuka uzamuka hejuru cyane ugahinduka ibicu.

B, urubura runombanomba imyaka yahinzwe.

C, tugomba kwirinda kuroga amazi tuyasukamo imyavu.

D, inyamaswa iyabuze ipfa yumye nk’urukwi.

E, amazi akonje murugero ni ikinyobwa cy’ingirakamaro.

F, amazi akonje cyane akura amenyo.

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UMWANDIKO KU IYIGA NTERURO: AKAZI KO MU RUGO

Bimaze kugaragara ko murugo haba akazi kenshi cyane uretse ko kera byirengagizwaga ngo ni ibya bagore n’abakobwa gusa. ubu rero, nubwo umwana mwiza akunda kwiga ariko agomba kubifatanya n’imirimo yo murugo.

Murugo rero haba akazi kenshi kandi gatandukanye, ariyo mpamvu kaba gakeneye abantu banshi. Nkiyo umwana avuye ku ishuri agasanga Bobi iramoka, cyangwa umwana n’inyana byasohotse urugo, ahita ashaka uko abikemura.

Bamwe bibeshyako abagabo bagufi baba bazi akazi. Ariko n’abagabo barebare babishatse baragakora, kuburyo usanga ntawe urebwa n’akazi ko murugo wenyine. Uretse ko iyo kabaye kenshi gatuma uwagakoraga ananirwa cyane, ndetse no mumutwe kubryo yavugishwa nkaho avuga ngo” bano bagabo bagufi bafite umwana kirekire. ”ariyo mpamvu gukora ari byiza ariko kurengera aba ari ku iyica.

Umwana rero warezwe neza yitoza gufasha ababyeyi, kandi atirengagije ko agomba no kwiga mu buryo atsinda. ngaho rero tumenye ko murugo haba akazi kenshi kandi ko katareba umuntu umwe gusaari akazi ka twese.

IBIBAZO KU MWANDIKO

1. Garagaza interuro zuzuye ziri muri uyu mwandiko

2. Erekana ibice bigize interuro z’igaragara cyane mu mwandiko

3. Garagaza amagambo afitanye isano n’izi nteruro zigagara cyane mu mwandiko

4. Vuga werekana uburyo butatu izi nteruro zisanishijemo

5. Vuga ubwoko izi nteruro ziherereyemo

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UMWANDIKO KU MUCO W’AMAHORO

Umuco ni icyo abantu bamenyereye, mbese ugasanga ari nkabwo buzima biberamo. Naho amahoro ni igihe abantu babayeho neza mu mutekano waba uw’abantu ku giti cyabo cyangwa uw’ibintu byabo. hari aho umuco w’amahoro

ugaragarira:

- Iyo umuntu agenda mu gihugu cye akangaruka nta kimuhungabanyije, bikaba akamenyero,

- Iyo umuntu abanye neza n’umuturanyi we ntawe ubangamiye undi, bagasurana, bagasabana inka n’abageni, bagasabana amazi n’umuriro mbese bakamenyera gusangira akabisi n’agahiye,

- Iyo umuntu afite umutungo we akawurambana ntawe uwumwibye cyangwa ngo awumuhuguze mu bundi buryo,

- Iyo umuntu arwaye akaba abasha kwivuza no kubona aho yivuriza bimworoheye,

- Iyo umuntu wese yiga hadakurikijwe isura, akarere, idini ahubwo hakurikijwe uko amategeko abiteganya,

- Iyo hari ubutabera burenganura abarengana kandi burwanya ruswa, itonesha, icyene wabo n’ibindi.

Umuco w’amahoro ni ingenzi rero haba mu Rwanda ndetse no ku isi hose, kuko iyo udahari nta kwiga, nta gucuruza, nta buhahirane n’amahanga, mbese nta kiza na kimwe kiba gihari uretse intambara, ubwicanyi, gusahura no gusenya, aribyo bidindiza iterambere bikanatwara ubuzima bw’abantu.

Nk’uko abanyarwanda tuwuharanira i wacu no mu mahanga rero dukomere kuri iyo ntego yo kwimakaza umuco w’amahoro maze dutere imbere amahanga atwigireho.

IBIBAZO KU MWANDIKO

1. Garagaza ingingo nyamukuru ziri mu mwandiko

2. Vuga ibintu bitatu biri mu mwandiko byabangamira amahoro

3. Ni ubuhe buryo bwakoreshwa mu kubumbatira umuco w’amahoro.

4. Ni uruhe ruhare rwawe mu kubungabunga umuco w’amahoro

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IHANGAMWANDIKO

IHANGAMWANDIKO NI KI?

Ihangamwandiko ni uburyo umuntu y’ifashisha yandika ibitekerezo, ibyifuzo cyanwa inkuru ashaka kugeza kubandi. Ihangamwandiko rikaba rigizwe n’ice bitatu aribyo: IMBATA, IGIMBA N’UMWANZURO.

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URUGERO RW’IHANGA MWANDIKO: SIDA NI INZITIZI Y’ITERAMBERE.

Muri rusange SIDA ni indwara mbi yica itagira umuti cyangwa urukingo. SIDA yandurira mu buryo bunyuranye, iyo ugiye kureba usanga ubusambanyi aribwo bufite umubare munini mu gukwirakwiza SIDA kuko bufite nka 90%.

Si aho gusa, SIDA nano ishobora kwandurira mu bikoresho binyuranye nk’imikasi, inzembe, inshinge iyo abantu babihanahanye batabikoreye isuku. nano kandi umurwayi wayo ashobora kuyanduza umwana amubyara iyo atapimishije ngo kwa muganga bakurikirane umwana twite. Nyamara ariko ntiwavuga uko SIDA yandura ngo usige ingaruka zayo. SIDA igira ingaruka nyinshi, mbere na mbere iterambere, iyo umuntu ayirwaye bisaba ko ajya kwa mu ganga agatanga amafaranga menshi, gukenera abamurwaza benshi, bigatuma umurimo udindira.

Igihugu kandi kirahazaharira kuko amafaranga yagateje imbere igihugu akoreshwa mu kwita kubanduye. Nyuma yibyo byose ariko SIDA ifite uburyo yakwirindwa, uburyo bwa mbere ni ukwifata no kudaca inyuma uwo mwashakanye. Na none uwo binaniye ashobora gukoresh agakingirizo. Igihugu kandi gikwiriye gukora uko gishoboye kikita ku banduye kugirango badakomeza kwanduza abandi. Imfubyi n’abapfakazi ba SIDA nabo bakwiye kwitabwaho.

Muri make, SIDA ni indwara mbi ifite ingaruka mu miryango yose yo ku isi igomba kwirindwa, abantu bose babigizemo uruhare, buri muntu wese kugiti cye. Igihugu kandi gikwiye gukoresha uko gishoboye kigakangurira abantu kwirinda SIDA.

IMYITOZO KU MWANDIKO

1. Vuga ingingo zingenzi ziri muri uyu mwandiko.

2. Garagaza imbata yuyu mwandiko.

3. Himba ingingo yawe bwite uyikoreho umwandiko uri hagati y’amagambo 250.

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IBYIVUGO BY’IMYATO: ICYIVUGO CYA KIGERI IV RWABUGIRI

Inkataza kurekera ya RugombangogoNdi intwari yabyirukiye gutsindaSinganirwanshaka kurwanaUbwo duteye abahundeNikoranye umuhetoNywuhimbajemo intanageIntambara nyiremaIgihugu cy’umuhinza nakivogereye. Umukinzi ampingutse imbere n’isuriUmurego wera nywuforana ishemaNywushinzemo ukuboka ntiwananiraNongeye kurega inkokoraNkanga umurindi hasi ndarekera

Inkuba zesereza hejuru y’icondoIkibatsi kiyicana mu rubegaIntoki zifashe igifunga zirashyaImisakura imucamo inkoraInkongi iravuga mu gihengeriMu gihumbi cye inkurazo zicanamo inkekweInkukuyari afite ihinduka umuyonga!Agera hasi yakongotseUmubiri we uhinduka amakaraN’aho aguye arakobana!Ni ukubiswe n’iyo hejuruAbabo batinya kumukoraBati” ubwo yanyagiwe n’inkotanyi cyaneNimurereka mwe kumukururaIbisiga bimukembere aho!”

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Nabyo bimurara inkeraBimaze gusinda inkabaBisingiza uwantanagiye!

IBIBAZO KU MWANDIKO

1. Ushigiye ku nkomoko y’amagambo, inkoranya n’igereranya, sobanura magambo akurikira ari mu mwandiko:

KurekeraRugombangogoSinganirwaIntanageGukembaKurara inkeraInkabaGutanagaInkekweInkukuGukobana

Iyo hejuruInkotanyi cyaneUmuhinzaKuvogeraUmukinziIsuriUmuregoGuforaKurekeraIcondoUrubegaIgifungaImisakuraInkora

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2. Ugendeye kuri iki cyivugo vuga uturango tw’ibyivugo by’imyato.

3. Garagaza isano n’itandukaniro riri hagati y’ibyivugo by’imyato n’imivugo.

4. Garagaza itandukaniro riri hagati y’ibyivugo by’imyato n’amzina y’inka.

5. Himba icyawe cyivugo ugaragaze mo uturango tw’ibyivugo by’imyato.

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INYANDIKO Z’UBUTEGETSI

Inyandikomvugo na raporo

Inyandikomvugo ni umwandiko uvuga ibyakozwe, ibyabaye cyangwa gasubira mubyo uwandika yabonye cyangwa yagizemo uruhare.

Turebye abo igenewe dushobora kubona uburyo bubiri bukorwamo inyandikomvugo

1. Inyandikomvugo igenewe uwari uhari igihe ibivugwaho byabaye kugirango yongere abone amakuru ku byabaye, abyigeho neza, niba ari ngombwa agire icyo abikoraho.

2. Inyandikomvugo igenewe umuntu atari ahari ngo amenye ibyavugiwe cyangwa ibyakoorewe aho atari ari.

Inyandikomvugo rero ntiyajyamo ibitekerezo bwita by’uyikora. Ni umwandiko uvuga ibyabaye utagize icyo ubihinduraho. Nyamara nko mu gihe umuntu atakora inyandikomvugo ku mikino n’imyidagaduro cyangwa ibintu byabereye mu ruhame, ntiyabura kuvuga icyo atekereza ku buryo byamunyuze.

Mu nyandikomvugo ku nama hagomba kugaragaramo:

Uburyo ibyakozwe byakurikiranye(ijambo rikingura inama, ibiganiro byakurikiranye, ibitekerezo byatanzwe, ibyemezo byafashwe). Gusubira mu bice by’amagambo yahafatiwe, ariko utandukuye ijambbo ryose. Uwandika inyandikomvugo yirinda kwivugamo, akavuga iibintu uko biri atagize aho abogamiye.

Inyandikomvugo y’inama ikorwa bahereye ku ngingo zanditswe huti huti igihe inama iri kuba. Dore rero ibyo ingenzi ugomba kwandika mu nama kugirango uze kubiheraho ukora inyandikomvugo irambuye:

Kwandika uko inama yagenze, ibyiciro byakurikiranye, ibitekerezo bunguranye. Kwandika ku magambo yahafatiwe (si ngombwa gufata ibyavuzwe byose, ni ukwandika iby’ingenzi, ukagaragaza neza ibyateye ingorane kumvikanwaho, n’abafasha amagambo).

Kwandika umwanzuro wafashwe mu nama ku buryo bwumvikana neza.

Ibindi bigomba kugaragara mu nyandikomvugo ni:

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Aho inama yabereye, itariki n’isaha yabereyeho;

Urwego inama yateranyemo, imyirondoro y’abayijemo;

Impamvu y’inama (ibiri k’umurongo w’ibyigwa)

Inyandikomvugo nziza igaragaramo ibifitiye akamaro uwo igenewe byose, kandi itabaye ndende kuburyo yamurambira kuyisoma.

Inyandikomvugo, itandukanye na raporo, kuko inyanndikomvugo, ibintu bivugwa uko biri, nta kubishima cyangwa ngo ugire ibyo unenga, cyangwa se ngo uvuge icyo ubitekerezaho. Inyandikomvugo na none ihinduka bitewe n’uwo igenewe. Dutanze nk’urugero rw’imodoka yagonze mugenzi wawe w’umunyeshuri, uburyo wakora inyandikomvugo igenewe ababyeyi b’umwana, inzego zishinzwe umutekano, ikigo cy’ubwishingizi, ikigo yigaho, biratandukanye kuko amakuru bbaba bifuza kumenya Atari amwe. Abapolisi bazaba bifuza kuumenya uko imodoka yagendaga, uwari mu makosa, naho ababyeyi bo bazaba bifuza guhumurizwa no kumenya aho umwana yakomeretse.

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Urugero rw’inyandikomvugo

IKIGO CY’UBUVUZI CYA KAMINUZA”CHU”

INAMA Y’UBUTEGETSI

B. P. 254 BUTARE

INYANDIKOMVUGO Y’INAMA ISANZWE Y’UBUTEGETSI Y’IKIGO

CY’UBUVUZI CYA KAMINUZA “CHU”YO KU YA 6 NYAKANGA 2006

I. Abari mu nama.

1. …. , Perezida w’Inama y’Ubutegetsi ya CHU;

2. …. , Visi-Perezida w’Inama y’Ubutegetsi ya CHU;

3. …. ;Umukuru w’Ishami ry’ubuvuzi muri Kaminuza y’uRwanda;

4. …. , Umuyoboziw’Ibitaro bya CHUK;

5. …. , Umuyobozi w’Ibitaro bya CHUB;

6. …. ;Umuyobozi wagatenyo wa K. F. H;

7. …. ;Uhagarariye abakozi barebwa n’inyigisho muri CHUB;

8. …. ;Uhagarariye abakozi barebwa n’inyigisho muri K. F. H

9. …. ;Uhagarariye abakozi barebwa n’inyigisho muri CHUK

II. Ibyari ku murongo w’ibyigwa ni ibi bikurikira

1. Kwemeza inyandikomvugo z’inama yo ku ya 28-03-2006;

2. Ibyifuzo by’amakomite agize CHU;

3. Imishahara y’abakozi bakora mu buyobozi.

4. Ibintu n’ibindi:

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a. Gushyiho abayobozi b’imirimo

b. Umusanzu w’ibitaro byitiriwe Umwami Faisal ku ngengo y’imari y’inama y’ubutegetsi ya CHU.

III. Uko inama yagenze

Inama yatangiye saa munani n’igice iyobowe na Perezida wayo, … Mu ijambo rye, Perezida w’inama yatangiye aha ikaze abaje mu nama bose mbere yo kubasaba gutsanga ingingo zijya mu bintu n’ibindi.

1. Kwemeza inyandikomvugo z’inama yo ku ya 28/03/2006 n’iyo kuwa 24/5/2006

Abari mu nama bemeje izi nyandikomvugo bamaze kuzikorera ubugororangingo:

Inama yo ku itariki ya 28/03/2006, ingingo 4. 4, ku birebana n’abakozi bo mu bunyamabanga bw’inama y’ubutegetsi ahari handitse:

a. Uwungirije umuyobozi mukuru azajya ahembwa amafaranga ibihumbi Magana ane hahindutse:Umuyobi ushinzwe guhuza inzego za CHU azajya ahembwa amfaranga nk’ay’abandi bayobozi bari mu rwego rwe bo muri CHU.

b. Ushinzwe ikoranabuhanga uzajya ahembwa amafanga ibihumbi magana atatu, twongeyeho ayo Leta ibagenera hahindutse : ushinzwe ikoranabuhanga azajya ahembwa amahembwa amafaranga nk’abandi bakozi bo mu rwego rwe bo muri CHU.

c. Umunyamabanga uzajya ahembwa umushahara w’abandi bo mu rwego rwe hiyongeyeho ibihumbi mirongo itanu y’agahimbazamusyi hahindutse :”ushinzwe gushyingura inyandiko” uzajya ahembwa nk’ab’abandi bakozi bo mu rwego rwe bo muri CHU.

2. Ibyifuzo by’amakomite agize CHU;

Abari mu nama barebeye hamwe ibyifuzo byatanzwe n’amakomiteyose agize Inamay’Ubutegetsiya CHU barabyemeza kandi banasabako ibitarashyirwa mu bikorwa mu bikorwa byahashyirwa muburyo bwihutirwa. :

a. Ku birebana no gushyiraho umugenzuzi wo hanze, abari mu nama basabye

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komite ishinzwe iby’ubugenzuzi n’imari kuba ari yo ishaka ibya ngombwa bisabwa kugirango uriya mugenzuzi aboneke.

b. Ku birebana n’ amafaranga agenewe abagize inama y’ubutegetsi, iy’ubuyobozi nshingwabikorwa n’z’amakomite, abari mu nama bemeje ko azajya atangwa inshuro enye mu mwaka, n’iyo nama zarenga ziriya nshuro enye.

c. Ku birebana n’ingengo y’imari y’Inama y’Ubutegetsi umwaka 2006, abari mu nama basabye ko izongera ikigwa na komite ishinzwe n’imari.

3. Imishahara y’abakozi bakora mu buyobozi

Abari mu nama basabye abayobozi b’Ibitaro bya CHUB naCHUK gutegura inyandikoyuzuye yerekana uko kiriya kibazo cyakemuka ikageza kuri Mimisiteri ifite ubuzima munshingano zayo n’ifite abakozi mu nshingano zayo kugira ngo kugirango hafatwe umwanzuro.

4. Ibintu n’ibindi:

a. Gushyiraho abayobozi b’imirimo

Ku birebana n’iyi ngingo, abari mu nama basabye abayobozi b’ibitaro kwerekana buri muyobozi w’umurimo ibyo azaba ashinzwe, n’ibyo agomba kuba yujuje kugirango apiganire uriya murimo. Ku birebana n’umuyobozi ushinzwe iby’ubuvuzi hagomba kwerekanwa umushahara azagenerwa n’ibindi bijyanye n’uriya murimo.

b. Umusanzu w’Ibitaro byitiriwe umwami Fsisal ku ngengo y’imari y’Inama y’Ubutegetsi ya CHU.

Abari mu nama bamaze kungurana ibitekerezo ku birebana n’iyi ngingo, basabye ko hakwifashishwa inyandiko y’ingengo y’imari y’Inama y’Ubutegetsi umwaka 2006, ubuyobozi bw’ibitaro byitiriwe umwami Faisal bukareba imirongo iri ku ngengo y’imari ibahuza n’ibindi bitaro biri muri CHU kugira ngo bategure

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umubare w’amafaranga agenewe imikorere y’Inama y’Ubutegetsi ya CHU kandi bikaganirwaho mu nama y’Uubutegetsi y’Ibitaro umwami Faisal.

Ibyemezo byafashwe n’ibyifuzo by’inama y’ubutegetsi ya CHU yo ku ya 6/7/2006

- Inama y’ubutegetsi ya CHU yemeje ko amafaranga agenerwa abagize inama y’ubutegetsi, iya Biro nshingwabikorwa, iz’amakomite atarenga inshuro enye.

Ibyifuzo

1. Inama y’Ubutegetsi ya CHU yasabye komite ishinzwe iby’ubugenzuzi n’imari gutegura ibyangombwa bisabwa kugirango umugenzuzi wo hanze.

2. Inama y’Ubutegetsi ya CHU yasabye abayobozi b’Ibitaro bya CHUK na CHUB gutegurs inyandiko yuzuye yerekana uko ikibazo cy’imishahara y’abakozi bakora mu buyobozi cyakemuka, iyo nyandiko ikagezwa kuri Minisiteri ifite ubuzima mu nshingano zayo n’ifite abakozi mu nshingano zayo ngo hafatwe umwanzuro

Inama yarangiye saa kumi n’imwe n’igice.

Huye, ku wa 6/07/2006

………………………………………. ……………………………………………………

Perezida w’Inama Visi Perezida w’inama

Y’Ubutegetsi ya CHU y’ubutegetsi ya CHU

Bifatiye ku nyandiko yo kuri interineti :htt://www. chu. org. /Board-06-07-2006. htm:

Icyitonderwa:

Ahari utudomo hashyirwa amazina y’abahagarariye inzego z’imirimo cyangwa abandi baje mu nama.

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b) RAPORO

Raporo ikorwa n’umuntu wahawe ubutumwa ubu n’ubu. Iba ifite intego igamije, ikajyamo ibitekerezo bwite bya nyiri ukuyikora, kandi ikarangira atanga ibitekerezo ku myanzuro igomba gufatwa. Raporo iba igenewe umuyobozi ugomba gufata ibyemezo ku bitekerezo byamugejejweho.

Raporo, kubera ko inakunze kuba ndende, ikenera imbata ikoze neza nk’iyo umwandiko usanzwe: intangiriro, igihimba n’umwanzuro.

Mu ntangiriro uvuga k’ucyo utangaho raporo ukagaragaza n’agaciro iyo raporo ifite. Mu gihimba uvuga ibintu ubitondekanya nk’ugambiriye kubisobanura mu buryo bw’inyurabwenge. Ibisobanuro utanga bigomba gutuma uwo ubwira agenda yemera buhoro buhoro imyanzuro uza kumugezaho mu musozo.

M’umwanzuro hatangwamo ibitekerezo k’uburyo ibintu byahinduka, k’uburyo kibazo werekanye cyakemuka. Kimwe no mu mwandiko usanzwe umusozo wa raporo ugomba kuba udaca k’uruhande rwibyo wavuze mu gihimba. Nicyo gice cy’ingenzi cya raporo kuko ariho werekana intego wari ugamije mubyo wavuze byose. Mbere rero yo gutangira kwandika raporo uba wabanje gutekereza kubyo uvuga mu myanzuro.

Raporo nziza igomba butuma uwo yandikiwe yemera ibitekerezo biyikubiyemo, agafata ibyemezo ku myanzuro yagejejweho, ariko ntigomba kubogama.

Imyandikire

Iyo wandika raporo ni ngombwa:

•Gukoresha imvugo itunganye kandi yumvikana neza.

•Kugaragaza ibyerekeye icyo uvuga muri raporo yawe: itariki, isaha, igihe, abari bahari n’abo ari bo, ingingo zizweho, ibyemezo byafashwe, …

•Guca akarongo ku bitekerezo cyangwa amagambo y’ingenzi bibaye ngombwa ariko udahinduye nabi umwandiko ucamo imirongo myinshi.

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BIMWE MUBITABO N’INYANDIKO BYIFASHISHIJWE

1. NIYITEGEKA, Mukarugira Yuriyana, Wishvura, printer set, Nzeri 1989

2. RUGAMBA Sipiriyani: -Abambari b;inganzo ngari, Butare, 1984

- Amibukiro, I. N. R. S, Butare, 198

3. Minisiteri y’uburezi, IKINYARWANDA-Umwaka wa gatanu w’amashuri yisumbuye-2008.

4. Alex KAGAME, AMAZINA Y’INKA, Igitabo cyambere, diyosezi ya Butare.

5. Imiterere y’ikinyarwanda III umusogongero ku buvanganzo, IRST

6. TWIRINGIYIMANA Krizogoni, GASIMBA Farasisiko Saveri:Inkuru mu buvanganzo nyarwanda.

7. BIZIMANA Simon n’abandi bashakashatsi, Imiterere y’ikinyarwanda, IRST

Documents

IMYANDIKO MFASHANYIGISHO … · wigisha abana b’u Rwanda ururimi kavukire bakamenya ikinyarwanda koko, bakagikunda kandi bakagisobanukirwa ku buryo bwose ni umugambi igihugu gikomeyeho