-
Indland og Knaorvaldur Gylfason
-
Bera saman runarstefnu og runarferil efnahagsrisanna tveggja
AsuEinn augljs munurIndland er lrisrkiKna er a ekkimis annar munur,
og lkindi, t.d.Litlar erlendar skuldirLangar strandlengjurMargir
Indverjar og Knverjar erlendisTveir risar
-
Indland og Kna: VLF mann 1820-1950 (dollarar verlagi 1990)Kna
var rkara en Indland fyrir 200 rum, Indland var rkara en Kna eftir
aLtum sguna
Chart1
600533
552673
439619
China
India
gdppc
196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China9872677282931009286981141181201261261351311391531631731801932112402692883173473553643924424965526036547057527988569139831,067..
India175178180187196187182192194202207206200202200213212222230213222231234245250259266271292304316312323332350371391401418440450466478511..
Sub-Saharan
Africa416417430445458472471473476501527553545560594579586571560564573578558534532518517516523524512501482474472477487491491492496500505514..
GDP per capita, constant 2000 US dollars
gdppc
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
China
India
Sub-Saharan Africa
gdppcppp
197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China5955766126747177627928509271,0521,1811,2691,3951,5271,5641,5971,7211,9452,1882,4352,7022,9263,1413,3723,5673,8214,0894,3794,726..0.09009882841.09428242450.0942824245
India1,1391,1321,1861,2241,1311,1791,2291,2501,3121,3391,3851,4221,4541,5691,6381,7011,6871,7431,7921,8891,9942,1002,1552,2442,3622,4152,4922,5722,732..0.03803840251.03877112350.0387711235
Sub-Saharan
Africa1,8361,8381,7981,7571,7641,8061,8271,7611,6901,6751,6351,6401,6421,6551,6661,6291,5801,5191,4971,5021,5011,5161,5821,5311,5451,5561,5721,5911,613..-0.00563015190.9943856677-0.0056143323
GDP per capita, PPP, constant 2000 international dollars
gdppcppp
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
China
India
Sub-Saharan Africa
taxestrade
196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China9.811.81316.17.77.576.55.68.69.89.1
India28.625.824.121.921.724.224.921.620.820.718.915.615.415.3
Sub-Saharan Africa
Taxes on international trade (% of revenue)
taxestrade
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
China
India
duties
196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China22.124.424.829.910.29.697.66.6
India35.832.631.229.328.431.633.128.628282521.420.419.6
Sub-Saharan Africa
duties
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
China
India
investment
196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China3618111620232719192029302729293028283837353333343438383637363535364341414038383736384044..
India1515161616161715141516171617181919192121192222202224232224242422242123272223212423222324..
Sub-Saharan
Africa1716151719211921202022252323252626252423252622201917181719191718161718181818191817181819..
# of days it takes to get necessary licences to star a
business
China41
India89
investment
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
China
India
Sub-Saharan Africa
exports
196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China22244444568998910121413131819201725242123222226252934..
India5444435444444456766766666556677991010111111111214131514..
Sub-Saharan
Africa2525252525242423232322222425282526282830322725242528272727272725262729293029282933333332..
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)
exports
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
China
India
Sub-Saharan Africa
fertility
196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China3.44.77.66.86.26.45.55.76.45.85.85.14.94.43.83.432.72.62.32.532.32.22.62.42.121.91.91.9
India6.565.65.24.84.23.83.53.32.92.9
Sub-Saharan Africa6.66.66.66.66.66.46.165.65.25.2
Fertility rate, total (births per woman)
fertility
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
China
India
Sub-Saharan Africa
corruption
Corruption (% of managers surveyed ranking this as a major
constraint)200220032004CPI
China27.33.4
India37.42.8
Sub-Saharan Africa
Corruption (% of managers surveyed ranking this as a major
constraint)
education
196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China48.761.762.865.167.2
India44.546.648.448.550.3
Sub-Saharan Africa22.225.7
School enrollment, secondary (% gross)
education
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
China
India
Sub-Saharan Africa
gini
China44.72001
India32.72000
lifeexpect
196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China36.340.554.150.259.663.264.365.467.868.768.96969.770.770.8
India45.54850.352.955.157.659.160.162.263.463.4
Sub-Saharan Africa41434546.748.349.9505048.645.845.6
Life expectancy at birth, total (years)
lifeexpect
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
China
India
Sub-Saharan Africa
fdi
196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China0.20.30.50.80.81.11.31.21.21.43.67.46.65.45.25.55.34.54.34.84.74.5
India000000000000000000.10.20.30.60.70.90.60.50.610.8
Sub-Saharan
Africa0.70.80.70.80.60.70.60.41.30.70.80.71.411.21.81.322.82.63.72.84.12.68.43.31.9
Gross foreign direct investment (% of GDP)
fdi
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
China
India
Sub-Saharan Africa
manufact
196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China29.231.928.226.129.733.735.136.136.235.738.137.639.340.740.240.538.537.336.535.534.935.234.734.934.532.932.733.134.534.434.734.734.633.733.834.734.735.439.3
India13.714.314.914.91414.313.712.512.813.413.814.414.514.315.615.315.815.516.617.416.316.316.216.316.416.416.316.416.317.317.116.116.216.116.918.117.716.715.815.115.915.315.615.8
Sub-Saharan
Africa15.915.815.715.615.915.815.415.115.214.715.915.914.714.815.515.516.516.616.516.115.61616.116.716.816.616.215.414.714.714.913.913.913.613.513.313.313.613.6
Manufacturing, value added (% of GDP)
manufact
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
China
India
Sub-Saharan Africa
Maddison
182019131950
China600552439
India533673619
Maddison
600533
552673
439619
China
India
poverty
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line (% of
population)19941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China64.6
India3628.6
Poverty headcount at $2 a day$1 a dayPoverty gap at $2 a day$1 a
day
China5018420
India8035735
Poverty gap is the mean shortfall from the poverty line
(counting the nonpoor as having zero shortfall), expressed as a
percentage of the poverty line. This measure reflects the depth of
poverty as well as its incidence. Data showing as 0.5 signifies a
po
Population below $1 a day is the percentage of the population
living on less than $1.08 a day at 1993 international prices. As a
result of revisions in PPP exchange rates, poverty rates cannot be
compared with poverty rates reported previously for individ
National poverty rate is the percentage of the population living
below the national poverty line. National estimates are based on
population-weighted sub-group estimates from household surveys.
life
196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China36.340.554.150.259.663.264.365.467.868.768.96969.770.770.8
India45.54850.352.955.157.659.160.162.263.463.4
Sub-Saharan
Africa41.043.045.046.748.349.950.050.048.645.845.6
Life expectancy at birth, total
(years)196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China36.340.554.150.2......59.6........63.2..64.3....65.4........67.8........68.7....68.9..69........69.7........70.770.8..
India....45.5........48........50.3........52.9........55.1........57.6....59.1..60.1........62.2........63.463.4..
Sub-Saharan
Africa....41.0........43.0........45.0........46.7........48.3........49.9....50.0..50.0........48.6........45.845.6..
life
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
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00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
China
India
mort
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
China
India
Sub-Saharan Africa
adultlit
196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China150854938373230
India14612711384746863
Sub-Saharan Africa109.8101
Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)
Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live
births)196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China150..................85..................49..................38........37........32....30..
India146..................127..................113..................84........74........68....63..
Sub-Saharan Africa109.8101
adultlit
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
China
India
youthlit
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
China
India
Sub-Saharan Africa
femalelit
196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China52.954.355.757.158.559.961.362.764.165.667.168.469.770.972.273.474.475.576.477.478.379.179.880.581.281.982.683.283.884.590.9
India33.133.934.635.436.236.937.838.639.440.24141.942.743.544.445.24646.947.748.549.350.150.951.752.553.354.154.955.756.457.261.3
Literacy rate, adult total (% of people ages 15 and above)
femalelit
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
China
India
196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China82.483.283.984.785.586.487.388.389.390.491.391.992.593.193.694.294.494.794.995.195.395.695.89696.396.596.89797.397.598.9
India45.346.347.348.349.350.351.352.353.354.355.356.357.258.1596060.861.762.563.464.365.165.966.867.668.569.370.170.971.872.6
Literacy rate, youth total (% of people ages 15-24)
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
China
India
196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China37.539.240.942.44445.647.34950.852.654.45657.759.360.962.563.965.266.567.768.969.970.871.872.773.674.475.376.17786.5
India18.519.22020.721.522.223.123.924.825.726.527.528.429.330.331.232.233.134.13535.936.937.838.739.640.641.542.543.544.445.4
Sub-Saharan
Africa18.819.620.521.322.223.124.125262728.129.230.431.632.83435.336.537.839.140.341.642.944.345.546.948.150.351.652.954.656.657.6
Young female literacy
India65
China99
Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)
Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and
above)196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China....................37.539.240.942.44445.647.34950.852.654.45657.759.360.962.563.965.266.567.768.969.970.871.872.773.674.475.376.17786.5........
India....................18.519.22020.721.522.223.123.924.825.726.527.528.429.330.331.232.233.134.13535.936.937.838.739.640.641.542.543.544.445.4........
Sub-Saharan
Africa18.819.620.521.322.223.124.125262728.129.230.431.632.83435.336.537.839.140.341.642.944.345.546.948.150.351.652.954.656.657.6
00
00
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00
00
00
00
00
00
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00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
China
India
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
China
India
Sub-Saharan Africa
-
Indland og Kna: VLF mann 1820-1950 (dollarar verlagi 1990)Kna
hefur vaxi rar en Indland san 1950, en me rykkjum og skrykkjumHvers
vegna?Ltum sguna
Chart1
600533
552673
439619
China
India
gdppc
196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China9872677282931009286981141181201261261351311391531631731801932112402692883173473553643924424965526036547057527988569139831,067..
India175178180187196187182192194202207206200202200213212222230213222231234245250259266271292304316312323332350371391401418440450466478511..
Sub-Saharan
Africa416417430445458472471473476501527553545560594579586571560564573578558534532518517516523524512501482474472477487491491492496500505514..
GDP per capita, constant 2000 US dollars
gdppc
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
China
India
Sub-Saharan Africa
gdppcppp
197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China5955766126747177627928509271,0521,1811,2691,3951,5271,5641,5971,7211,9452,1882,4352,7022,9263,1413,3723,5673,8214,0894,3794,726..0.09009882841.09428242450.0942824245
India1,1391,1321,1861,2241,1311,1791,2291,2501,3121,3391,3851,4221,4541,5691,6381,7011,6871,7431,7921,8891,9942,1002,1552,2442,3622,4152,4922,5722,732..0.03803840251.03877112350.0387711235
Sub-Saharan
Africa1,8361,8381,7981,7571,7641,8061,8271,7611,6901,6751,6351,6401,6421,6551,6661,6291,5801,5191,4971,5021,5011,5161,5821,5311,5451,5561,5721,5911,613..-0.00563015190.9943856677-0.0056143323
GDP per capita, PPP, constant 2000 international dollars
gdppcppp
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
China
India
Sub-Saharan Africa
taxestrade
196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China9.811.81316.17.77.576.55.68.69.89.1
India28.625.824.121.921.724.224.921.620.820.718.915.615.415.3
Sub-Saharan Africa
Taxes on international trade (% of revenue)
taxestrade
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
China
India
duties
196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China22.124.424.829.910.29.697.66.6
India35.832.631.229.328.431.633.128.628282521.420.419.6
Sub-Saharan Africa
duties
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
China
India
investment
196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China3618111620232719192029302729293028283837353333343438383637363535364341414038383736384044..
India1515161616161715141516171617181919192121192222202224232224242422242123272223212423222324..
Sub-Saharan
Africa1716151719211921202022252323252626252423252622201917181719191718161718181818191817181819..
# of days it takes to get necessary licences to star a
business
China41
India89
investment
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
China
India
Sub-Saharan Africa
exports
196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China22244444568998910121413131819201725242123222226252934..
India5444435444444456766766666556677991010111111111214131514..
Sub-Saharan
Africa2525252525242423232322222425282526282830322725242528272727272725262729293029282933333332..
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)
exports
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
China
India
Sub-Saharan Africa
fertility
196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China3.44.77.66.86.26.45.55.76.45.85.85.14.94.43.83.432.72.62.32.532.32.22.62.42.121.91.91.9
India6.565.65.24.84.23.83.53.32.92.9
Sub-Saharan Africa6.66.66.66.66.66.46.165.65.25.2
Fertility rate, total (births per woman)
fertility
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
China
India
Sub-Saharan Africa
corruption
Corruption (% of managers surveyed ranking this as a major
constraint)200220032004CPI
China27.33.4
India37.42.8
Sub-Saharan Africa
Corruption (% of managers surveyed ranking this as a major
constraint)
education
196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China48.761.762.865.167.2
India44.546.648.448.550.3
Sub-Saharan Africa22.225.7
School enrollment, secondary (% gross)
education
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
China
India
Sub-Saharan Africa
gini
China44.72001
India32.72000
lifeexpect
196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China36.340.554.150.259.663.264.365.467.868.768.96969.770.770.8
India45.54850.352.955.157.659.160.162.263.463.4
Sub-Saharan Africa41434546.748.349.9505048.645.845.6
Life expectancy at birth, total (years)
lifeexpect
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
China
India
Sub-Saharan Africa
fdi
196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China0.20.30.50.80.81.11.31.21.21.43.67.46.65.45.25.55.34.54.34.84.74.5
India000000000000000000.10.20.30.60.70.90.60.50.610.8
Sub-Saharan
Africa0.70.80.70.80.60.70.60.41.30.70.80.71.411.21.81.322.82.63.72.84.12.68.43.31.9
Gross foreign direct investment (% of GDP)
fdi
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
China
India
Sub-Saharan Africa
manufact
196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China29.231.928.226.129.733.735.136.136.235.738.137.639.340.740.240.538.537.336.535.534.935.234.734.934.532.932.733.134.534.434.734.734.633.733.834.734.735.439.3
India13.714.314.914.91414.313.712.512.813.413.814.414.514.315.615.315.815.516.617.416.316.316.216.316.416.416.316.416.317.317.116.116.216.116.918.117.716.715.815.115.915.315.615.8
Sub-Saharan
Africa15.915.815.715.615.915.815.415.115.214.715.915.914.714.815.515.516.516.616.516.115.61616.116.716.816.616.215.414.714.714.913.913.913.613.513.313.313.613.6
Manufacturing, value added (% of GDP)
manufact
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
China
India
Sub-Saharan Africa
Maddison
182019131950
China600552439
India533673619
Maddison
600533
552673
439619
China
India
poverty
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line (% of
population)19941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China64.6
India3628.6
Poverty headcount at $2 a day$1 a dayPoverty gap at $2 a day$1 a
day
China5018420
India8035735
Poverty gap is the mean shortfall from the poverty line
(counting the nonpoor as having zero shortfall), expressed as a
percentage of the poverty line. This measure reflects the depth of
poverty as well as its incidence. Data showing as 0.5 signifies a
po
Population below $1 a day is the percentage of the population
living on less than $1.08 a day at 1993 international prices. As a
result of revisions in PPP exchange rates, poverty rates cannot be
compared with poverty rates reported previously for individ
National poverty rate is the percentage of the population living
below the national poverty line. National estimates are based on
population-weighted sub-group estimates from household surveys.
life
196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China36.340.554.150.259.663.264.365.467.868.768.96969.770.770.8
India45.54850.352.955.157.659.160.162.263.463.4
Sub-Saharan
Africa41.043.045.046.748.349.950.050.048.645.845.6
Life expectancy at birth, total
(years)196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China36.340.554.150.2......59.6........63.2..64.3....65.4........67.8........68.7....68.9..69........69.7........70.770.8..
India....45.5........48........50.3........52.9........55.1........57.6....59.1..60.1........62.2........63.463.4..
Sub-Saharan
Africa....41.0........43.0........45.0........46.7........48.3........49.9....50.0..50.0........48.6........45.845.6..
life
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
China
India
mort
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
China
India
Sub-Saharan Africa
adultlit
196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China150854938373230
India14612711384746863
Sub-Saharan Africa109.8101
Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)
Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live
births)196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China150..................85..................49..................38........37........32....30..
India146..................127..................113..................84........74........68....63..
Sub-Saharan Africa109.8101
adultlit
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
China
India
youthlit
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
China
India
Sub-Saharan Africa
femalelit
196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China52.954.355.757.158.559.961.362.764.165.667.168.469.770.972.273.474.475.576.477.478.379.179.880.581.281.982.683.283.884.590.9
India33.133.934.635.436.236.937.838.639.440.24141.942.743.544.445.24646.947.748.549.350.150.951.752.553.354.154.955.756.457.261.3
Literacy rate, adult total (% of people ages 15 and above)
femalelit
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
China
India
196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China82.483.283.984.785.586.487.388.389.390.491.391.992.593.193.694.294.494.794.995.195.395.695.89696.396.596.89797.397.598.9
India45.346.347.348.349.350.351.352.353.354.355.356.357.258.1596060.861.762.563.464.365.165.966.867.668.569.370.170.971.872.6
Literacy rate, youth total (% of people ages 15-24)
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
China
India
196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China37.539.240.942.44445.647.34950.852.654.45657.759.360.962.563.965.266.567.768.969.970.871.872.773.674.475.376.17786.5
India18.519.22020.721.522.223.123.924.825.726.527.528.429.330.331.232.233.134.13535.936.937.838.739.640.641.542.543.544.445.4
Sub-Saharan
Africa18.819.620.521.322.223.124.125262728.129.230.431.632.83435.336.537.839.140.341.642.944.345.546.948.150.351.652.954.656.657.6
Young female literacy
India65
China99
Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)
Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and
above)196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China....................37.539.240.942.44445.647.34950.852.654.45657.759.360.962.563.965.266.567.768.969.970.871.872.773.674.475.376.17786.5........
India....................18.519.22020.721.522.223.123.924.825.726.527.528.429.330.331.232.233.134.13535.936.937.838.739.640.641.542.543.544.445.4........
Sub-Saharan
Africa18.819.620.521.322.223.124.125262728.129.230.431.632.83435.336.537.839.140.341.642.944.345.546.948.150.351.652.954.656.657.6
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
China
India
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
China
India
Sub-Saharan Africa
-
Indland og Kna: VLF mann 1975-2003 (ppp, dollarar verlagi
2000)Kna 7,7%Afrka -0,5%Indland 3,2%Ltum nlina t
Chart1
59511391836
57611321838
61211861798
67412241757
71711311764
76211791806
79212291827
85012501761
92713121690
105213391675
118113851635
126914221640
139514541642
152715691655
156416381666
159717011629
172116871580
194517431519
218817921497
243518891502
270219941501
292621001516
314121551582
337222441531
356723621545
382124151556
408924921572
437925721591
472627321613
China
India
Sub-Saharan Africa
gdppc
196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China9872677282931009286981141181201261261351311391531631731801932112402692883173473553643924424965526036547057527988569139831,067..
India175178180187196187182192194202207206200202200213212222230213222231234245250259266271292304316312323332350371391401418440450466478511..
Sub-Saharan
Africa416417430445458472471473476501527553545560594579586571560564573578558534532518517516523524512501482474472477487491491492496500505514..
GDP per capita, constant 2000 US dollars
gdppc
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
China
India
Sub-Saharan Africa
gdppcppp
197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China5955766126747177627928509271,0521,1811,2691,3951,5271,5641,5971,7211,9452,1882,4352,7022,9263,1413,3723,5673,8214,0894,3794,726..
India1,1391,1321,1861,2241,1311,1791,2291,2501,3121,3391,3851,4221,4541,5691,6381,7011,6871,7431,7921,8891,9942,1002,1552,2442,3622,4152,4922,5722,732..
Sub-Saharan
Africa1,8361,8381,7981,7571,7641,8061,8271,7611,6901,6751,6351,6401,6421,6551,6661,6291,5801,5191,4971,5021,5011,5161,5821,5311,5451,5561,5721,5911,613..
GDP per capita, PPP, constant 2000 international dollars
gdppcppp
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
China
India
Sub-Saharan Africa
investment
196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China3618111620232719192029302729293028283837353333343438383637363535364341414038383736384044..
India1515161616161715141516171617181919192121192222202224232224242422242123272223212423222324..
Sub-Saharan
Africa1716151719211921202022252323252626252423252622201917181719191718161718181818191817181819..
investment
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
China
India
Sub-Saharan Africa
exports
196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China22244444568998910121413131819201725242123222226252934..
India5444435444444456766766666556677991010111111111214131514..
Sub-Saharan
Africa2525252525242423232322222425282526282830322725242528272727272725262729293029282933333332..
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)
exports
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
China
India
Sub-Saharan Africa
fertility
196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China3.44.77.66.86.26.45.55.76.45.85.85.14.94.43.83.432.72.62.32.532.32.22.62.42.121.91.91.9
India6.565.65.24.84.23.83.53.32.92.9
Sub-Saharan Africa6.66.66.66.66.66.46.165.65.25.2
Fertility rate, total (births per woman)
fertility
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
China
India
Sub-Saharan Africa
corruption
Corruption (% of managers surveyed ranking this as a major
constraint)200220032004
China27.3
India37.4
Sub-Saharan Africa
Corruption (% of managers surveyed ranking this as a major
constraint)
education
196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China48.761.762.865.167.2
India44.546.648.448.550.3
Sub-Saharan Africa22.225.7
School enrollment, secondary (% gross)
education
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
China
India
Sub-Saharan Africa
gini
China44.72001
India32.72000
lifeexpect
196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China36.340.554.150.259.663.264.365.467.868.768.96969.770.770.8
India45.54850.352.955.157.659.160.162.263.463.4
Sub-Saharan Africa41434546.748.349.9505048.645.845.6
Life expectancy at birth, total (years)
lifeexpect
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
China
India
Sub-Saharan Africa
fdi
196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China0.20.30.50.80.81.11.31.21.21.43.67.46.65.45.25.55.34.54.34.84.74.5
India000000000000000000.10.20.30.60.70.90.60.50.610.8
Sub-Saharan
Africa0.70.80.70.80.60.70.60.41.30.70.80.71.411.21.81.322.82.63.72.84.12.68.43.31.9
Gross foreign direct investment (% of GDP)
fdi
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
China
India
Sub-Saharan Africa
manufact
196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China29.231.928.226.129.733.735.136.136.235.738.137.639.340.740.240.538.537.336.535.534.935.234.734.934.532.932.733.134.534.434.734.734.633.733.834.734.735.439.3
India13.714.314.914.91414.313.712.512.813.413.814.414.514.315.615.315.815.516.617.416.316.316.216.316.416.416.316.416.317.317.116.116.216.116.918.117.716.715.815.115.915.315.615.8
Sub-Saharan
Africa15.915.815.715.615.915.815.415.115.214.715.915.914.714.815.515.516.516.616.516.115.61616.116.716.816.616.215.414.714.714.913.913.913.613.513.313.313.613.6
Manufacturing, value added (% of GDP)
manufact
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
China
India
Sub-Saharan Africa
-
Indland og Kna: VLF mann 1960-2003 (dollarar verlagi 2000)Kna
5,7%Afrka 0,5%Indland 2,5%Ltum nlina t
Chart1
98175416
72178417
67180430
72187445
82196458
93187472
100182471
92192473
86194476
98202501
114207527
118206553
120200545
126202560
126200594
135213579
131212586
139222571
153230560
163213564
173222573
180231578
193234558
211245534
240250532
269259518
288266517
317271516
347292523
355304524
364316512
392312501
442323482
496332474
552350472
603371477
654391487
705401491
752418491
798440492
856450496
913466500
983478505
1067511514
China
India
Sub-Saharan Africa
gdppc
196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China9872677282931009286981141181201261261351311391531631731801932112402692883173473553643924424965526036547057527988569139831,067..10.8877551022.38763877260.05552648311.05709701195.7097011891
India175178180187196187182192194202207206200202200213212222230213222231234245250259266271292304316312323332350371391401418440450466478511..2.921.07158361630.02492054921.02523366172.523366167
Sub-Saharan
Africa416417430445458472471473476501527553545560594579586571560564573578558534532518517516523524512501482474472477487491491492496500505514..
GDP per capita, constant 2000 US dollars
gdppc
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
China
India
Sub-Saharan Africa
gdppcppp
197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China5955766126747177627928509271,0521,1811,2691,3951,5271,5641,5971,7211,9452,1882,4352,7022,9263,1413,3723,5673,8214,0894,3794,726..0.07400975191.07681730640.0768173064
India1,1391,1321,1861,2241,1311,1791,2291,2501,3121,3391,3851,4221,4541,5691,6381,7011,6871,7431,7921,8891,9942,1002,1552,2442,3622,4152,4922,5722,732..0.03124583061.03173910580.0317391058
Sub-Saharan
Africa1,8361,8381,7981,7571,7641,8061,8271,7611,6901,6751,6351,6401,6421,6551,6661,6291,5801,5191,4971,5021,5011,5161,5821,5311,5451,5561,5721,5911,613..-0.00462476760.9953859102-0.0046140898
0.06751462771.06984590890.0698459089
0.03935479081.04013945010.0401394501
0.01043493651.01048957030.0104895703
GDP per capita, PPP, constant 2000 international dollars
gdppcppp
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
China
India
Sub-Saharan Africa
taxestrade
196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China9.811.81316.17.77.576.55.68.69.89.1
India28.625.824.121.921.724.224.921.620.820.718.915.615.415.3
Sub-Saharan Africa
Taxes on international trade (% of revenue)
taxestrade
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
China
India
duties
196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China22.124.424.829.910.29.697.66.6
India35.832.631.229.328.431.633.128.628282521.420.419.6
Sub-Saharan Africa
duties
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
China
India
investment
196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China3618111620232719192029302729293028283837353333343438383637363535364341414038383736384044..
India1515161616161715141516171617181919192121192222202224232224242422242123272223212423222324..
Sub-Saharan
Africa1716151719211921202022252323252626252423252622201917181719191718161718181818191817181819..
# of days it takes to get necessary licences to start a
business
China41
India89
investment
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
China
India
Sub-Saharan Africa
exports
196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China22244444568998910121413131819201725242123222226252934..
India5444435444444456766766666556677991010111111111214131514..
Sub-Saharan
Africa2525252525242423232322222425282526282830322725242528272727272725262729293029282933333332..
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)
exports
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
China
India
Sub-Saharan Africa
fertility
196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China3.44.77.66.86.26.45.55.76.45.85.85.14.94.43.83.432.72.62.32.532.32.22.62.42.121.91.91.9
India6.565.65.24.84.23.83.53.32.92.9
Sub-Saharan Africa6.66.66.66.66.66.46.165.65.25.2
Fertility rate, total (births per woman)
fertility
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
China
India
Sub-Saharan Africa
corruption
Corruption (% of managers surveyed ranking this as a major
constraint)200220032004CPI
China27.33.4
India37.42.8
Sub-Saharan Africa
Corruption (% of managers surveyed ranking this as a major
constraint)
education
196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China48.761.762.865.167.2
India44.546.648.448.550.3
Sub-Saharan Africa22.225.7
School enrollment, secondary (% gross)
education
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
China
India
Sub-Saharan Africa
marketcap
196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China0.54.49.4861422.924.433.453.844.636.448.1
India8.19.312.217.926.735.839.735.831.931.225.441.432.42325.746.5
Sub-Saharan
Africa52.392.6119.6127110.1100.879.9119.994.546.2105.9
Market capitalization of listed companies (% of GDP)
marketcap
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
China
India
Sub-Saharan Africa
inflation
196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004Average
China12-1.2-1.90.62.2-1.70.71.3-3.8-2.60.700.10.2-1.2-0.21.11.33.63.82.3-0.21.14.910.14.65.112.18.85.76.77.914.619.913.25.90.8-2.4-2.20.91.2-0.62.23.2
India2.14.37.98.67.913.38.62.43.41.65.310.917.916.7-1.665.62.515.811.510.37.78.97.47.26.89.28.38.310.513.88.89.59.797.26.57.93.83.83.93.53.27.6
inflation
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
China
India
money
196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China24.127.533.237.540.141.94447.35559.858.862.170.37780.686.688.392.1100.8112.8126138.1143.6150.2163.1174.9
India21.721.420.619.420.319.918.819.419.620.722.223.422.622.123.325.927.830.833.532.832.734.334.536.237.539.440.539.940.539.940.641.742.442.8424244.64648.652.354.958.760.2
196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China24.127.533.237.540.141.94447.35559.858.862.170.37780.686.688.392.1100.8112.8126138.1143.6150.2163.1174.9
India21.721.420.619.420.319.918.819.419.620.722.223.422.622.123.325.927.830.833.532.832.734.334.536.237.539.440.539.940.539.940.641.742.442.8424244.64648.652.354.958.760.2
Sub-Saharan
Africa27.329.429.929.628.33028.929.52829.628.429.430.53030.832.833.135.934.432.732.83231.832.232.933.63432.833.433.832.233.535.436.235.435.135.638.8
money
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
China
India
gini
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
China
India
Sub-Saharan Africa
lifeexpect
China44.72001
India32.72000
fdi
196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China36.340.554.150.259.663.264.365.467.868.768.96969.770.770.8
India45.54850.352.955.157.659.160.162.263.463.4
Sub-Saharan Africa41434546.748.349.9505048.645.845.6
Life expectancy at birth, total (years)
fdi
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
China
India
Sub-Saharan Africa
agricult
196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China0.20.30.50.80.81.11.31.21.21.43.67.46.65.45.25.55.34.54.34.84.74.5
India000000000000000000.10.20.30.60.70.90.60.50.610.8
Sub-Saharan
Africa0.70.80.70.80.60.70.60.41.30.70.80.71.411.21.81.322.82.63.72.84.12.68.43.31.9
Gross foreign direct investment (% of GDP)
agricult
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
China
India
Sub-Saharan Africa
manufact
196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China22.335.539.339.938.637.937.640.342.23835.234.132.933.433.932.432.829.428.131.230.131.833.3333228.427.126.825.7252724.521.819.920.220.520.419.118.617.616.415.815.414.6
India46.545.743.6454744.945.948.947.847.546.144.244.247.644.341.339.340.738.936.938.937.435.936.635.233.732.531.932.731.331.331.530.93130.428.229.227.827.726.224.62522.722.2
Sub-Saharan
Africa29.328.928.828.326.425.925.726.124.523.922.422.322.321.821.821.320.521.320.819.918.619.919.919.519.519.920.320.320.619.319.419.418.118.41919.119.819.92019.418.318.418.516.5
Agriculture, value added (% of GDP)
manufact
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
China
India
Sub-Saharan Africa
Maddison
196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China29.231.928.226.129.733.735.136.136.235.738.137.639.340.740.240.538.537.336.535.534.935.234.734.934.532.932.733.134.534.434.734.734.633.733.834.734.735.439.3
India13.714.314.914.91414.313.712.512.813.413.814.414.514.315.615.315.815.516.617.416.316.316.216.316.416.416.316.416.317.317.116.116.216.116.918.117.716.715.815.115.915.315.615.8
Sub-Saharan
Africa15.915.815.715.615.915.815.415.115.214.715.915.914.714.815.515.516.516.616.516.115.61616.116.716.816.616.215.414.714.714.913.913.913.613.513.313.313.613.6
Manufacturing, value added (% of GDP)
Maddison
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
China
India
Sub-Saharan Africa
poverty
182019131950
China600552439
India533673619
poverty
life
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line (% of
population)19941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China64.6
India3628.6
Poverty headcount at $2 a day$1 a dayPoverty gap at $2 a day$1 a
day
China5018420
India8035735
Africa47
Poverty gap is the mean shortfall from the poverty line
(counting the nonpoor as having zero shortfall), expressed as a
percentage of the poverty line. This measure reflects the depth of
poverty as well as its incidence. Data showing as 0.5 signifies a
po
Population below $1 a day is the percentage of the population
living on less than $1.08 a day at 1993 international prices. As a
result of revisions in PPP exchange rates, poverty rates cannot be
compared with poverty rates reported previously for individ
National poverty rate is the percentage of the population living
below the national poverty line. National estimates are based on
population-weighted sub-group estimates from household surveys.
mort
196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China36.340.554.150.259.663.264.365.467.868.768.96969.770.770.8
India45.54850.352.955.157.659.160.162.263.463.4
Sub-Saharan
Africa41.043.045.046.748.349.950.050.048.645.845.6
Life expectancy at birth, total
(years)196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China36.340.554.150.2......59.6........63.2..64.3....65.4........67.8........68.7....68.9..69........69.7........70.770.8..
India....45.5........48........50.3........52.9........55.1........57.6....59.1..60.1........62.2........63.463.4..
Sub-Saharan
Africa....41.0........43.0........45.0........46.7........48.3........49.9....50.0..50.0........48.6........45.845.6..
mort
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
China
India
adultlit
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
China
India
Sub-Saharan Africa
youthlit
196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China150854938373230
India14612711384746863
Sub-Saharan Africa109.8101
Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births)
Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live
births)196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China150..................85..................49..................38........37........32....30..
India146..................127..................113..................84........74........68....63..
Sub-Saharan Africa109.8101
youthlit
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
China
India
femalelit
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
China
India
Sub-Saharan Africa
196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China52.954.355.757.158.559.961.362.764.165.667.168.469.770.972.273.474.475.576.477.478.379.179.880.581.281.982.683.283.884.590.9
India33.133.934.635.436.236.937.838.639.440.24141.942.743.544.445.24646.947.748.549.350.150.951.752.553.354.154.955.756.457.261.3
Literacy rate, adult total (% of people ages 15 and above)
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
China
India
196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China82.483.283.984.785.586.487.388.389.390.491.391.992.593.193.694.294.494.794.995.195.395.695.89696.396.596.89797.397.598.9
India45.346.347.348.349.350.351.352.353.354.355.356.357.258.1596060.861.762.563.464.365.165.966.867.668.569.370.170.971.872.6
Literacy rate, youth total (% of people ages 15-24)
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
China
India
196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China37.539.240.942.44445.647.34950.852.654.45657.759.360.962.563.965.266.567.768.969.970.871.872.773.674.475.376.17786.5
India18.519.22020.721.522.223.123.924.825.726.527.528.429.330.331.232.233.134.13535.936.937.838.739.640.641.542.543.544.445.4
Sub-Saharan
Africa18.819.620.521.322.223.124.125262728.129.230.431.632.83435.336.537.839.140.341.642.944.345.546.948.150.351.652.954.656.657.6
Young female literacy
India65
China99
Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and above)
Literacy rate, adult female (% of females ages 15 and
above)196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China....................37.539.240.942.44445.647.34950.852.654.45657.759.360.962.563.965.266.567.768.969.970.871.872.773.674.475.376.17786.5........
India....................18.519.22020.721.522.223.123.924.825.726.527.528.429.330.331.232.233.134.13535.936.937.838.739.640.641.542.543.544.445.4........
Sub-Saharan
Africa18.819.620.521.322.223.124.125262728.129.230.431.632.83435.336.537.839.140.341.642.944.345.546.948.150.351.652.954.656.657.6
00
00
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00
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00
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00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
China
India
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
China
India
Sub-Saharan Africa
-
Indland og Kna: Mealvi vi fingu 1960-2004Mealvin hefur lengzt og
arir flagsvsar sna smu run bi Kna og Indlandi san 1960Ltum nlina
t
Chart8
36.319601960
40.519611961
54.145.541
50.219631963
196419641964
196519651965
196619661966
59.64843
196819681968
196919691969
197019701970
197119711971
63.250.345
197319731973
64.319741974
197519751975
197619761976
65.452.946.7
197819781978
197919791979
198019801980
198119811981
67.855.148.3
198319831983
198419841984
198519851985
198619861986
68.757.649.9
198819881988
198919891989
68.959.150
199119911991
6960.150
199319931993
199419941994
199519951995
199619961996
69.762.248.6
199819981998
199919991999
200020002000
200120012001
70.763.445.8
70.863.445.6
China
India
Sub-Saharan Africa
gdppc
196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China9872677282931009286981141181201261261351311391531631731801932112402692883173473553643924424965526036547057527988569139831,067..
India175178180187196187182192194202207206200202200213212222230213222231234245250259266271292304316312323332350371391401418440450466478511..
Sub-Saharan
Africa416417430445458472471473476501527553545560594579586571560564573578558534532518517516523524512501482474472477487491491492496500505514..
GDP per capita, constant 2000 US dollars
gdppc
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
China
India
Sub-Saharan Africa
gdppcppp
197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China5955766126747177627928509271,0521,1811,2691,3951,5271,5641,5971,7211,9452,1882,4352,7022,9263,1413,3723,5673,8214,0894,3794,726..0.09009882841.09428242450.0942824245
India1,1391,1321,1861,2241,1311,1791,2291,2501,3121,3391,3851,4221,4541,5691,6381,7011,6871,7431,7921,8891,9942,1002,1552,2442,3622,4152,4922,5722,732..0.03803840251.03877112350.0387711235
Sub-Saharan
Africa1,8361,8381,7981,7571,7641,8061,8271,7611,6901,6751,6351,6401,6421,6551,6661,6291,5801,5191,4971,5021,5011,5161,5821,5311,5451,5561,5721,5911,613..-0.00563015190.9943856677-0.0056143323
0.06751462771.06984590890.0698459089
0.03935479081.04013945010.0401394501
0.01043493651.01048957030.0104895703
GDP per capita, PPP, constant 2000 international dollars
gdppcppp
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
China
India
Sub-Saharan Africa
taxestrade
196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China9.811.81316.17.77.576.55.68.69.89.1
India28.625.824.121.921.724.224.921.620.820.718.915.615.415.3
Sub-Saharan Africa
Taxes on international trade (% of revenue)
taxestrade
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
China
India
duties
196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China22.124.424.829.910.29.697.66.6
India35.832.631.229.328.431.633.128.628282521.420.419.6
Sub-Saharan Africa
duties
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
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00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
China
India
investment
196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China3618111620232719192029302729293028283837353333343438383637363535364341414038383736384044..
India1515161616161715141516171617181919192121192222202224232224242422242123272223212423222324..
Sub-Saharan
Africa1716151719211921202022252323252626252423252622201917181719191718161718181818191817181819..
# of days it takes to get necessary licences to start a
business
China41
India89
investment
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
China
India
Sub-Saharan Africa
exports
196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China22244444568998910121413131819201725242123222226252934..
India5444435444444456766766666556677991010111111111214131514..
Sub-Saharan
Africa2525252525242423232322222425282526282830322725242528272727272725262729293029282933333332..
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)
exports
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
China
India
Sub-Saharan Africa
fertility
196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China3.44.77.66.86.26.45.55.76.45.85.85.14.94.43.83.432.72.62.32.532.32.22.62.42.121.91.91.9
India6.565.65.24.84.23.83.53.32.92.9
Sub-Saharan Africa6.66.66.66.66.66.46.165.65.25.2
Fertility rate, total (births per woman)
fertility
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
China
India
Sub-Saharan Africa
corruption
Corruption (% of managers surveyed ranking this as a major
constraint)200220032004CPI
China27.33.4
India37.42.8
Sub-Saharan Africa
Corruption (% of managers surveyed ranking this as a major
constraint)
education
196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China48.761.762.865.167.2
India44.546.648.448.550.3
Sub-Saharan Africa22.225.7
School enrollment, secondary (% gross)
education
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
China
India
Sub-Saharan Africa
gini
China44.72001
India32.72000
lifeexpect
196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China36.340.554.150.259.663.264.365.467.868.768.96969.770.770.8
India45.54850.352.955.157.659.160.162.263.463.4
Sub-Saharan Africa41434546.748.349.9505048.645.845.6
Life expectancy at birth, total (years)
lifeexpect
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
China
India
Sub-Saharan Africa
fdi
196019611962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004
China0.20.30.50.80.81.11.31.21.21.43.67.46.65.45.25.55.34.54.34.84.74.5
India000000000000000000.10.20.30.60.70.90.60.50.610.8
Sub-Saharan
Africa0.70.80.70.80.60.70.60.41.30.70.80.71.411.21.81.322.82.63.72.84.12.68.43.31.9
Gross foreign direct investment (% of GDP)
fdi
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
