Japan and China

Ming China (1368-1800)

• Mongol emperors are ousted by a peasant revolt led by Taizu

• Renaissance of Chinese culture and politics

• Expansion of China

Chinese Culture

• Porcelain: http://www.googleartproject.com/galleries/27755421/27849024/

• Art• Silk

Chinese Culture - Confucianism

• Who is Confucius?• Philosopher from

the 5th century CE• Followers wrote the

Analects – a book of his sayings

Chinese Culture - Confucianism

• “The man who moves a mountain begins by carrying away small stones.”

• “Never give a sword to a man who can't dance.”

• “To be wealthy and honored in an unjust society is a disgrace.”

Chinese Culture - Confucianism

• The Five Relationships and filial piety

• Ruler-subject• Father-Son• Brother-brother• Husband-wife• Friend-friend

Chinese Politics

• Civil Service Exam– An exam to

determine who participates in government

– Instead of a patronage system

• Mandate of heaven – The emperor has a

mandate from heaven to be the ruler of china

Zheng He

• Chinese explorer from 14th century

• Explored Around the Indian ocean until…

• The Chinese government decided that they did not want any exploration happening

Zheng He

Europeans in China

• Jesuit Missionaries – before missionaries, there was little contact between China and Europe. The Jesuit order used Confucianist ideas to convert the chinese people to Catholicism.

Chinese Rites Controversy

• The Catholic Pope did not like what the Jesuits were doing, so he used a Papal Bull to demand the jesuits use more traditional methods of conversion.

Chinese Rites Controversy

• The Kangxi emperor of china responded to the papal bull by demanding that ALL Christian missionaries leave china.

TOKUGAWA SHOGUNATE

Japanese Shogunates

• Daimyo, heads of noble families, ruled Japan.

• Around the end of the fifteenth century, the daimyo were warring with each other. There was chaos in japan.

Unification of Japan

• Three powerful leaders struggled to unify japan: Oda Nobunaga, Toyotomi Hideyoshi, and Tokugawa Ieyasu.

• Oda and Toyotomi were military leaders, not daimyo

Tokugawa Japan

• Tokugawa Ieyasu was the daimyo of Edo.

• He took the title of Shogun in 1603 and completed the unification of japan.

• The Tokugawa family held authority of Japan until 1868.– This period is know as the

Great Peace

Tokugawa Japan

• During this period there was a flourishing of Japanese culture.

• Including Japanese Poetry• One of the Greatest

Japanese poets was Fukuda Chiyo-ni.

Haikus

• Airing out kimonosas well as her heartis never enough.

• Again the womencome to the fieldswith unkempt hair.

• Just for todayusing men for rice-planting.

Europeans in japan• The Portuguese were the first

europeans to arrive in Japan. • They held up a steady trade with

japan until the introduction of Jesuit missionaries

• An edict in 1587 expelled all christians from japan

• The only europeans allowed to trade with the japanese were the dutch until the late Nineteenth century– The dutch were allowed to trade once a

year and they could only stay for 2-3 months.

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