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Personal Comjater KjrH ardw are Reference

Library

TechnicalReference

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Preface

The IBM PCjr Technical Reference manual describes

the hardware design and provides interface information

for the IBM PCjr. This publication also has

information about the basic input/output system

(BIOS) and programming support.

The information in this publication is both descriptive

and reference oriented, and is intended for hardwareand software designers, programmers, engineers, and

interested persons who need to understand the design

and operation of the IBM PCjr computer.

You should be familiar with the use of the IBM PCjr,

and understand the concepts of computer architecture

and programming.

This manual has five sections:

Section 1 “Introduction” is an overview of the basic

system and available options.

Section2: “Base System” describes each functionalpart of the base system. This section also has

specifications for power, timing, and interfaces.

Programming considerations are supported by coding

tables, command codes, and registers.

Section 3: “System Options” describes each available

option using the same format as Section 2: “Base

Sys em.”

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Section 4: “Compatibility with the IBM Personal

Computer Family” describes programming concerns for

maintaining compatibility between the IBM PCjr and

the otherIBM Personal Computers.

Section 5: “System BIOS and Usage” describes the

basic input/output system (BIOS) and its use. This

section also contains the software intempt listing, a

system memory map, descriptions of vectors with

special meanings, and a set of low-storage maps. In

addition, keyboard encoding and usage is discussed.

This publication has four appendixes:

Appendix A: “ROM BIOS Listing”

Appendix B: ‘‘Logic Diagrams”

Appendix C: “Characters, Keystrokes, and Color”

Appendix D: “Unit Specifications”

Prerequisite Publication:

Guide to m er a t ion s part number 1502291

Guide to m er a t ion s part number 1502292

Suggested Reading:

I BM PCjr Hands on BA SIC part number 1504702

I BM PCjr BASI C Reference Manual part number6182371

Disk O pra ting System DOS)part number 6024061

Hardware Maintenance and Service Manual part

number 1502294

Macro Assembler part number 6024002

Related publications are listed in.“Bibliography.”

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Contents

SECTION 1. NTRODUCTION ............. 1-1 Introduction ......................... 1-3

SECTION 2.BASE S YS lEM ............... 2-1

Introduction ......................... 2-5

Processor and Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-13

Performance .................... 2-13

8259A Interrupt Controller . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-15

PCjr Hardware Interrupts . . . . . . . . . 2-15

8259A Programming Considerations . 2- 16 64KRAM .......................... 2-17

ROM Subsystem ..................... 2-19

Input/ Output Channel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-21

System Board 1/0 Channel Description 2-23

Input/Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-29

8255 Bit Assignments . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-30

Cassette Interface .................... 2-39

Video Color Graphics Subsystem . . . . . . . 2-43

Major Components Definitions . . . . . 2-47

Palette ......................... 2-50

Alphanumeric Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-54

Graphics Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-55

Video Gate Array . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-63

Lightpen ...................... 2-74

Beeper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-85

Sound Subsystem .................... 2-87

Complex Sound Generator . . . . . . . . . 2-88

Audio Tone Generator . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-89 Infra-Red Link ...................... 2-97

Infra-Red Rekiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-97

IBM PCjr Cordless Keyboard . . . . . . . . . .2-101 Transmitter ..................... 2- 103

CRT/Processor Page Register . . . . . . 2-79

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Program Cartridge and Interface . . . . . . . 2-107

Program Cartridge Slots . . . . . . . . . . 2-107

Cartridge Storage Allocations . . . . . . 2-108

ROM Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1 14

Games Interface .................... 2-1 19

Interface Description . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1 19 Input from Address Hex 201 . . . . . . . 2-120

Pushbuttons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12

Joystick Positions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2- 122

Serial Port (RS232) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-125

Modes of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-128

Interrupts ..................... 2-129

Interface Description

. . . . . . . . . . . .2- 129

Voltage Interchange Information . . . 2-1 30 System Power Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-135

Operating Characteristics . . . . . . . . . 2-136

Over-Voltage/Over-Current

Protection .................... 2-137

SECTION3 SYSTEMOlPIlONS ............ 3-1

IBM PCjr 64KB Memory and DisplayExpansion .......................... 3-5

IBM PCjr Diskette Drive Adapter . . . . . . 3-13

Functional Description . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-15

System I / o Channel Interface . . . . . . 3-19

Drive Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-22

Voltage and Current Requirements . . 3-24

IBM PCjr Diskette Drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-27


Diskette ........................... 3-31

IBM PCjr Internal Modem . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-33


Modem Design Parameters . . . . . . . . . 3-37

Programming Considerations . . . . . . . 340

Status Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-60

Dialing and Loss of Carrier . . . . . . . . . 3-60 Default State .................... 3-63

Programming Examples . . . . . . . . . . . 3-63

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Modes of Operation .............. 3-68

Interrupts ....................... 3-70 Data Format ..................... 3-70 Interfaces ........................ 3-70

IBM PCjr Attachable Joystick .......... 3-77

Hardware Description ............. 3-77

Functional Description ............ 3-77

Hardware Description ............. 3-81

Operating Characteristics .......... 3-82

IBM Connector for Television .......... 3-85

IBM PCjr Keyboard Cord ............. 3-87

IBM PCjr Adapter Cable for Serial Devices 3-89

IBM PCjr Adapter Cable for the IBM Color

IBM Color Display ................... 3-81

IBM PCjr Adapter Cable for Cassette ... 3-91

Display ...: ........................ 3-93

IBM PCjr Parallel Printer Attachment ...

System Interface .................. 3-98

IBM Graphics Printer ................ 3-107

Printer Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-107

Additional Printer Specifications .. 3- 109 DIP Switch Settings ............. 3- 110

Parallel Interface Description ..... 3-1 12

Printer Modes .................. 3-1 15

Printer Control Codes ............ 3-1 16

IBM PC Compact Printer ............. 3-133

Serial Interface Description . . . . . . . 3-1.39

Print Mode Combinations for the PC

Printer Control Codes and Functions 3- 140

3-95

Description ...................... 3-96

Programming Considerations ...... 3-99

Printer Specifications ............ 3- 135

Compact Printer ............... 3- 140

SECTION 4.COMPATIBILITY WITH TH E IBMP E R S O N A L C O M P U T E R F A M IL Y ....... 4-1

Compatibility Overview ................. 4-3

Timing Dependencies ................... 4-5

Unequal Configurations ................ 4-7

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Hardware Differences .................. 4-9

User Ready/ Write Memory ........ 4-12

Diskette Capacity/ Operation ....... 4-13

IBM PCjr Cordless Keyboard ...... 4-14

Color Graphics Capability ......... 4-15

Black and White Monochrome Display 4-18 RS232 Serial Port and IBM PCjrInternal Modem ................. 4-18

Summary ............................ 4-19

SECTION 5.S Y S T E M BIOS U S A G E ........ 5-1

ROM BIOS ........................... 5-3

BIOS Usage ........................... 5-5

Vectors with Special Means ......... 5-8 Other Read/ Write Memory Usage ....... 5-13

BIOS Programming Guidelines ..... 5-18

Adapter Cards with System-AccessibleROM-Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-18

Keyboard Encoding and Usage ......... 5-21

Cordless keyboard Encoding ....... 5-21

Special Handling ................. 5-34

Non-Keyboard Scan-Code Architecture542 BIOS Cassette Logic .................. 5-47

Software Algorithms. nterruptHex 15 ......................... 5-47

Cassette Write ................... 5-48

Cassette Read .................... 5-49

Data Record Architecture ......... 5-50

Error Detection .................. 5-51

Appendix A.R O M BIOS LISTING . . . . . . . . . A-1 Equates and Data Areas ............ A-3

Power-On Self-Test ................ A-7

Boot Strap Loader ................ A-26

Non-Keyboard Scan-Code Table .... A-38

Time-of-Day ..................... A-42

Graphics-Character Generator

(Second 128 Characters) . . . . . . . . . . A-54

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110 S u p p o r t ..................... A-97

Sys t e m C onf i gu ra t i on Ana l ys is . . . . . A-97 G ra p h ic s-C h a r a c e r G e n e r a t o r

(F i r s t 128 Ch arac t e r s ) . . . . . . . . . . . A - 103 Pr i n t Sc r e e n .................... A- 108

Appendix B. L OG IC D I A G R A M S . . . . . . . . . . B-1 S y s t e m B o a rd ..................... B-3

P r o g r a m C a r tr id g e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-20

P o w e r S u p p l y B o a r d . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-23

E x p a n s i o n ...................... B-25

C o l o r D i s p l a y .................... B-29

Di s ke t t e Dr i ve Ada p t e r . . . . . . . . . . . . B-30

I n te rn a l M o d e m .................. B-36 Pa ra ll e l P r i n t e r A t t a c hm e n t ........ B-37

Inf ra -Red Rece ive r Board .......... B-42

6 4 K B M e m o r y a n d D i s pl ay

G r a p h i c s P r i n t e r .................. B-43 C o m p a c t P r i n te r . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-47

Appendix C.CH ARA CTE RS. KEYSTROKES. and COLOR ................................ C-1

Appendix D.UNIT SPECIFICATIONS ...... D -1 Sys t e m Un i t ...................... D-1 C ord l e s s Ke yboa rd ................ D-2 Di s ke t t e Dr i ve .................... D-3

C o l o r 'Display .................... D-5 Gra ph i c s P r i n t e r . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-6

I n t e r n a l M o d e m .................. D-7

C o m p a c t P r i n te r .................. D -8

Glossary ............................ Glossary-1

Bibliography .................... Bibliography-1

Index ................................ Index-1

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Notes:

X

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TAB INDEX

Sect ion 1: Introduction

Section 2: Base System

...............................

...............................

Section 3: System Options ............................

Section 4: Com patibility With the IBM Personal .........Computer Family

Section 5: System BIOS Usage ........................

II

1 -

Appendix A: R O M BIOS List ing ......................

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Notes:

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.........pp en dix C: C haracters, Keystrokes, and Color

Appendix D: Un it Specif icat ions .......................

Glossary ...........................................

Bibliography ........................................

...............................................ndex

X i i i

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Notes:

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SECTION 1. INTRODUCTION

Contents

1-1

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Introduction

The system unit, a desk top transformer, and a cordless

keyboard make up the hardware for the PCjr base

system.

The following options are available for the base system:

IBM PCjr 64KB Memory and Display Expansion

- The 64KB Memory and Display Expansion

enables the user to work with the higher density

video modes while increasing the system’s

memory size by 64K Bytes to a total of 128KBytes.

IBM PCjr Diskette Drive Adapter

- The IBM PCjr Diskette Drive Adapter permits

the attachment of the IBM PCjr Diskette Driveto the IBM PCjr and resides in a dedicated

connector on the IBM PCjr system board.

IBM PCjr Diskette Drive

- The IBM PCjr Diskette Drive is double-sided

with 40 tracks for each side, is fully

self-contained, and consists of a spindle drivesystem, a read positioning system, and a

read/ write/erase system.

0 IBM PCjr Internal Modem

- The IBM PCjr Internal Modem is an adapter

that plugs into the PCjr system board modem

connector and allows communications over

standard telephone lines.

Introduction 1-3

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IBM PCjr Parallel Printer Attachment

- The IBM PCjr Parallel Printer Attachment is

provided to attach various 1/0 devices that

accept eight bits of parallel data at standard TTL

logic levels. It attaches as a feature to the right

side of the system unit.

IBM Personal Computer Graphics Printer

- IBM Graphics Printer is an 80 cps

(characters-per-second), self -powered,

stand-alone, tabletop unit.

IBM PCjr Joystick

- The IBM PCjr Joystick is an input device to

provide the user with two-dimensional

positioning-control. Two pushbutton switches

on the joystick give the user additional input

capability.

0 IBM Color Display

- The IBM Color Display is a Red/Green/Blue

/Intensity (RGBI) Direct-Drive display, that is

independently housed and powered.

IBM Connector for Television

- The IBM Connector for Television allows a TV

to be connected to the IBM PCjr system.

0 IBM PCjr Keyboard Cord

- The IBM PCjr Keyboard Cord option is used toconnect the IBM PCjr Cordless Keyboard to the

system board.

1-4 Introduction

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System Block Diagram (Sheet 1 of 2)

OECWf

&-

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InI

1C A S S t l T EOCIC ) ~ C A S S t l l t-

SystemBlockDiagram (Sheet2 f 2)

Introduction 1-7

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I Notes:

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SECTION 2.BASE SYSTEM

Contents

.............................

.....................

Introduction 2-5

Processor and Support 2-13 Performance 2-13 ........................

8259A nterrupt Controller ................. 2-15 PCjr Hardware Interrupts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-15

8259A Programming Considerations . . . . . . 2-16

64KRAM .............................. 2-17

ROM Subsystem ......................... 2-19

Input/Output Channel ..................... 2-21

Input/Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-29

8255 Bit Assignments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-30

8255 Bit Assignment Description . . . . . . 2-31

Port A0 Output Description . . . . . . . . . . .Port A0 Input Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-36

System Board 1/0 Channel Description . . . . 2-23

2-35

Cassette Interface ........................ 2-39

Video Color/Graphics Subsystem ............. 2-43 Major Components Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . 2-47

Motorola 6845 CRT Controller . . . . . . . . 2-47

Storage Organization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-47

Bandwidth . . . .................... 2-49

Character Generator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-49

Video Gate Array . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-49 Palette . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-50

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Video Gate Array .....................

Palette Mask Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Border Color Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Mode Control 2 Register . . . . . . . . . . . . .Reset Register .....................Palette Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Status Register .....................

Programming Considerations . . . . . . . . . .

Mode Control 1Register . . . . . . . . . . . . .

LightPen ............................

CRT/Processor Page Register . . . . . . . . . . .

Beeper .................................

Alphanumeric Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Graphics Mode .......................

Low-Resolution 16-Color Graphics . . . . .Medium-Resolution &Color Graphics . . .Medium-Resolution 16-Color Graphics . .

High-Resolution 4-Color Graphics . . . . .High-Resolution 2-Color Graphics . . . . .

Graphics Storage Organization . . . . . . . .

Sound Subsystem .........................Complex Sound Generator . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Audio Tone Generator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Infra-RedLink...........................

Functional Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Application Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Programming Considerations . . . . . . . . . .Detectable Error Conditions . . . . . . . . . . .Operational Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Infra+& Receiver .....................

IBM PCjr Cordless Keyboard ..............Transmitter ...........................

2-54

2-55

2-56

2-57

2-58

2-58 2-59

2-60

2-63

2-64

2-65

2-66

2-66

2-69

2-71

2-73

2-742-75

2-79

2-85

2-87

2-88

2-89

2-89

2-97

2-97 2-97

2-98

2-99

2-99

2- 100

2-101

2- 103

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Program Cartridge and Interface ............ 2-107 Program Cartridge Slots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-107

Cartridge Storage Allocations . . . . . . . . . . . 2- 108

ROM Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1 14

Games Interface ........................ 2-119 Interface Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1 19

Pushbuttons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2- 122

Input from Address hex 201 2- 120

Joystick Positions 2- 122

Serial Port (RS232) ..................... 2-125

Modes of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2- 128

Interrupts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2- 129 Interface Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-129

Voltage Interchange Information . . . . . . . . 2- 130

Output Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2- 131

Accessible Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2- 131

. . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

INS8250A Programmable Baud Rate

Generator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2- 132

System Power Supply ..................... 2-135

Operating Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1 36

DC Outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-136

Over-Voltage/Over-Current Protection . . . 2- 137

Input (Transformer) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2- 137

Output (Power Board) . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Power Supply Input Requirements . . . . . 2-136

2- 137

2-3

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Notes:

2-4

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Introduction

The PCjr baseAsystem hardware consists of the system

unit, a 62-key cordless-keyboard, and a power:

transformer.

The PCjr system board is the center of the PCjr system

unit. The system board fits horizontally in the base of

the system unit and is approximately 255 mm by 350

mm (10 inches by 13.8 inches). It is double-sided, with

an internal-power/ground plane. Low voltage ac

power enters the power supply adapter, is converted to

dc voltage, and enters the system board through thepower supply adapter edge-connector. Other system

board connectors provide interfaces for a variety of

input/output (I/O) devices and are individually keyed

to prevent improper installation. The following is a list

of these connectors:

64KB Memory and Display Expansion Connector

Diskette Drive Adapter ConnectorInternal Modem Connector

Infi-a-Red (IR) Link Receiver Board Connector

Program Cartridge Connectors (2)

1/0 Channel Expansion Connector

Serial Port (RS232) Connector (with optional

adapter cable)

Direct Drive (RGBI) Video Connector

Composite Video ConnectorIBM Connector for Television Connector (external

FW modulator)

Light Pen Connector

External Audio Connector

IBM PCjr Keyboard Cord Connector

Cassette Connector (with optional adapter cable)

IBM PCjr Attachable Joystick Connectors (2)

Introduction 2-5

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The system board consists of seven functional

subsystems: the processor subsystem and its support

elements, the read-only (ROM) subsystem, the

read/write (R/W) subsystem, the audio subsystem, the

video subsystem, the games subsystem, and the 1 / 0

channel. All are described in this section.

The nucleus of the system board is the Intel 8088

microprocessor. This processor is an 8-bit external bus

version of Intel’s 16-bit 8086 processor, and is

software-compatible with the 8086. The 8088 supports

16-bit operations, including multiplication and division,

and supports 20 bits of addressing (1 megabyte ofstorage). It operates in the minimum mode at 4.77MHz. This frequency, which is derived from a

14.31818-MHz crystal, is divided by 3 for the

processor clock, and by 4 to obtain the 3.58-MHz

color-burst signal required for color televisions.

For additional information about the 8088, refer to the

publications listed in “Bibliography”.

The processor is supported by a set of high-function

support-devices providing three 16-tit timer-counter

channels, and nine prioritized-interrupt levels.

The three programmable timer/counters are provided

by an Intel 8253-5 programmable interval-timer and are

used by the system in the following manner: Channel 0is used as a general-purpose timer providing a constant

time-base for implementing a time-of-day clock;

Channel 1 is used to deserialize the keyboard data and

for time-of-day overflow during diskette operations.

Channel 2 is used to support the tone generation for the

audio speaker and to write data to the cassette.

Of the nine prioritized levels of interrupt, three are

bused to the system’s 1 / 0 channel for use by adapters.

Five levels are used on the system board. Level 0, the

2-6 Introduction

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highest priority, is attached to Channel 0 of the

timer/counter and provides a periodic interrupt for the

time-of-day clock; level 3 is the serial-port-access

interrupt; level 4 is the modem-access interrupt; level 5

is the vertical-retrace interrupt for the video; and level

six is the diskette drive adapter-access interrupt. Thenon-maskable interrupt (NMI) of the 8088 is attached

to the keyboard-interface circuits and receives an

interrupt for each scan code sent by the keyboard.

The system board supports both read-only memory

(ROM) and R/W memory (RAM. It has space for

64K bytes by 8 bits of ROM. There are two module

sockets that accept a 32K byte by 8 bit ROM module.

ROM is aligned at the top of the 8088’s address space.

This ROM contains the Power-On Self-Test,

cassette-BASIC interpreter, cassette-operating system,

1/0 drivers, dot patterns for 2 5 6 characters in graphics

mode, a diskette bootstrap-loader and user-selectable

diagnostic-routines.

Introduction 2-7

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.

* +

IR Link or Keyboard Cable

ConnectorL

2 Joysticks

4 Buttons

Power

Supply

Conn.

oscClock

Control

Modem

Adapter

-

Key-

board

lnter-

face

8088

Joystick

9 Level

Interrupt

Video

128K

ROM

Cart.

Conn.

64KROM

on

Board

Audio

and

Audio

Alarm

64K

RAM

Conn.

64KRAM

on

Board

Diskette

Drive

Adapter

Interface

RS232-C

Serial

Interface

l /O

Channel

Conn.

Cassette

Interface

Serial

Printer

Printer

Attach.

Cassettez

kiskette b ri ve

External Amplifier

and Speaker

Television

Composite Video

Monitor

.Light Pen

Telephone

System Board Block Diagram

Introduction 2-9

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V

Lc 0 v c 0 w . n L E L .. . . .. . .In

rodon2 1 1

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cz P v

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If

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Processorand Support

The (R) ntel 8088 Microprocessor is used as the

system’s central processor. Some of its characteristics

are:

4.77 MHz clock

20 bit address bus

8-bit memory interface

16-bit A L U (arithmatic/logic unit)

Extensive instruction set

D M A and interrupt capabilities

Hardware fixed-point multiply and

and registers

divide

The system clock is provided by one Intel 8284A clock

chip. The 8088 is operated in the minimum mode.

Performance

The 8088 is operated at 4.77 MHz which results in a

clock cycle-time of 210 ns.

Normally four clock cycles are required for a bus cycle

so that an 8 4 0 ns ROM memory cycle time is achieved.

R A M write and read cycles will incur an average of two

wait states because of sharing with video, leading to an

average of six clock cycles. 1 / 0 eads and writes also

take six clock cycles leading to a bus cycle time ofI .260 ps.

Processorand Support 2-13

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Notes:

2-14 Processor and Support

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8259A Interrupt Controller

Level

Em88 N M I

PCjr Hardware Interrupts

Nine hardware levels of interrupts are available for the

PCjr system. The highest-priority interrupt is the NMI

interrupt in the 8088. The NMI is followed by eight

prioritized interrupt-levels (0-7) in the 8259AProgrammable Interrupt Controller, with IRQ 0 as the

highest and IRQ 7 as the lowest. The interrupt level

assignments follow:

Function

K e y b o a r d I n t e r ru p t

~ T i m e r Clock In te r rup t1 / 0 C h a n n e l ( R e s e r v e d )

I jO C h a n n e l

A s y n c h r o n o u s P o r t I n t er r u pt ( R S - 2 3 2 C )

M o d e m I n t e r r u p t

Ver t i ca l Re t r ace In te r rup t (Dis p lay)Dis ke t t e In te r rup t

1 i0 C h a n n e l ( P a r a l l e l P r i n t e r )

~~

8 2 5 9 A8 2 5 9 A

8259A8 2 5 9 A

8 2 5 9 A

8 2 5 9 A

8 2 5 9 A

8 2 5 9 A

I R Q 0I R Q 1

1 R Q 2

I R Q 31 R Q 41 R Q 51 R Q 6

I R Q 7

Hardware Interrupts

Interrupt Controller 2-1 5

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8259A Programming Considerations

~~

0 2 6 3 B O 13

The 8259A is set up with the following characteristics:

~~

M O V A L , 13H ; I C W I - Reset edgesense circuit setsingle

: 8259 Chip and I C W 4read

Buffered Mode8086Mode

Edge Triggered Mode

Single Mode Master (No Cascading is Allowed)

0 2 6 7 B O 0 8

The 8259A 1/0 is located at 1/0 address hex 20 and

hex 21. The 8259A is set up to issue interrupt types hex

8 to hex F which use pointers to point to memory

address hex 20 to hex 3F.

M O V A L . 8 ; I C W 2 - Set interruptt>'peX ( 8 - F )

The following figure is an example setup.

0 2 6 B B O O 9 M O V A L . 9

0 2 6 5 E 6 20 I OUT I N T A O 0 ,A L I

0269 E6 21 1 OUT I N T A O I . A L I

;

1CW4 - Set buf'f'crcdti1o d e ni as e

and 80x6 mode

Example Set Up

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The 64K bytes of R/W memory reside on the system

board and require no user configuration.

Eight 64K byte by 1, 150 ns, dynamic memory modules

are used to provide 64K byte of storage. The RAM has

no parity. Sources of these memory modules include

the Motorola MCM6665AL15 and the Texas

Instruments TMS4 164-15 or equivalent.

The system board 64K RAM is mapped at the bottom

of the 1 MEG address space. The system board 64K

RAM is mapped to the next 64K bytes of address space

if the 64KB Memory and Display Expansion option is

not installed. If read or written to, this higher block of

address space will look just like the low-order 64K-byte

block. This means the bottom 128K bytes of address

space is always reserved for RAM. If the 64KB

Memory and Display Expansion option is installed, it ismapped to the ‘ODD’ memory space within the 128K

byte-reserved space while the system board memory is

mapped to the ’ EVEN ’ space. Memory refresh is

provided by the 6845 CRT Controller and gate array.

The gate array cycles the RAM and resolves contention

between the CRT and processor cycles.

See “IBM PCjr 64KB Memory and Display Expansion”in Section 3 for a detailed description.

6 4 K R A M 2-17

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Notes:

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Basic Program Area

Standard App lication Cartridge

c

~~

Reserved For Future Cartridge

~

Reserved For Future Cartridge

Reserved for

I /O ROM~ ~~~

Video RA M

Reserved

Future

Video

~~

Reserved

Future User

RAM

Expansion RA M

Base RA M

Memory Map

FFFFF

FOOOO

E8 0 0 0

EOOOO

D8OOO

DOOOO

coooo

68000

AOOOO

20000

10000

00000

Cartridge

Chip

Selects

2-20 ROM Subsystem

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Input Output Channel

The Input/Out channel (I/O) is an extension of the

8088 microprocessor bus. It is however, demultiplexed,

repowered, and enhanced by the addition of interrupts.

The 1/0 channel contains an 8-bit bidirectional bus, 20

address lines, 3 levels of interrupt, control lines for

memory and 1 / 0 read or write, clock and timing lines,

and power and ground for the adapters. Voltages of

+5 dc and +12 dc are provided for external adapters.

Any additional power needs will require a separate

power-module.

All IjO Channel functions are bused to the right-hand

side of the system unit and are provided by a

right-angle, 60-pin connector. Each external adapter

connects to the 1/0 bus and passes the bus along for

the next attachment.

A I ready

operation with slow 1 / 0 or memory devices. If the

channel’s I ready ’ line is not activated by an addressed

device, all processor-generated memory-read and write

cycles take four 210-ns clocks or 840-ns/byte. All

processor-generated I/O-read or write cycles require

six clocks for a cycle time of 1.26-ps/byte.

line is available on the 1/0 Channel to allow

The 1/0 Channel also contains the capability to add

bus masters to the channel. These devices could be

DMA devices or alternate processors.

The 1/0 Channel signals have sufficient drive to

support five 1/0 Channel expansion-adapters and the

internal modem and diskette drive adapter, assuming

one standard TTL load per attachment. For

information on power available for external adapters,

see “System Power Supply”, later in this Section.

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S.ignal Name Signal Name

D1

D 2

0 4

Shield GND

D 7

A 0

A2

Shield GND

A5

A6

A8-DACKO

A11

A12

Shield GND

A15

Shield GND

A17

A19

Shield GND

-MEMR

-MEMW

ALE

Shield GND

IO/-M

READY

-CARDSLCTD -Shield GND

IRQ7

AUDIO IN

61 A1

65 A5

610 A10

615 A15

620 A20

625 A25

630 A30

DO

+12 Vdc

03

0 5

D6

+5 Vdc

A1

A3

A4

GND

A7A9

A10

DRQO

A13

A14

A1 6

GND '

A1 8

-IOR

- low

GND

HDLA

CLK

RESET

+5 Vdc

-HRQ

l R Q l

lRQ2

ReservedI I

I /O Channel Expansion Connector Specifications

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System Board I/O Channel Description

70 n s

The following is a description of the 1/0 Channel. All

signals are TTL compatible.

140 n s 70 ns 140 ns

Signal

CLK

7

0

Description

System Clock: It is a

divide-by-three of the 14.3 1818

MHz oscillator and has a period

of 210 ns (4.77 MHz). The

clock has a 33% duty cycle.

RESET 0 This line is used to reset or

initialize system logic upon

power-up. This line is

synchronized to the falling edge

of the clock and is ' active high I .

Its duration upon power upjs

26.5 ps.

AO-A19 1 / 0 Address Bits 0 to 19: These lines

are used to address memory and

1 /0 devices within the system.

The 20 address lines allow access

of up to 1 megabyte of memory.

A0 is the least-significant- bit

(LSB) while A 19 is themost-signif ican -bit (MSB).

These lines are normally driven

by the 8088 microprocessor as

1 / 0 Channel 2-23

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outputs, but can become inputs

from an external bus-master by

issuing an HRQ and receiving an

HLDA.

DO-D7 1 / 0 Data Bits 0-7: These linesprovide data-bus bits 0 to 7 for

the processor, memory, and 1/0

devices. DO is the

least-significant-bit (LSB) and

D7 is the mos -signif icant-bit

(MSB). These lines can be

controlled by an external

bus-master by issuing an HRQ

and receiving an HLDA.

ALE 0 Address Latch Enable: This line

is provided to allow the addition

of wait states in memory and 1/0

cycles.

READY I This line, normally I high

( I ready ), is pulled low I ( not

ready I ) by a memory or 1 / 0

device to lengthen 1 / 0 or

memory cycles. It allows slower

devices to attach to the 1 / 0

Channel with a minimum of

difficulty. Any slow devicerequiring this line should drive it

I low I immediately upon

detecting a valid address and

IO/-M signal. Machine cycles

(I/O and memory) are extended

by an integral number of CLK

cycles (210 ns). Any bus master

on the 1 / 0 Channel should also

honor this

pulled I low ' by the system board

ready I line. It is

2-24 1 / 0 Channel

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on memory read and write cycles

and outputting to the sound

subsystem.

IRQ1, IRQZ, I Interrupt Request 1, 2, and 7:

IRQ7 These lines are used to signal theprocessor that an 1/0 device

requires attention. They are

prioritized with IRQ1 as the

highest priority and IRQ7 as the

lowest. An Interrupt Request is

generated by raising an IRQ line

( low to I high I ) and holding it

'high' until it is acknowledged

by the processor

(interrupt-service routine).

-1OR

-row

-MEMR

1/0 1/0 Read Command: This

command line instructs an 1 /0

device to drive its data onto the

data bus. This signal may bedriven by the 8088

microprocessor or by an external

bus-master after it has gained

control of the bus. This line is

active I low ' .

1 / 0 1 /0 Write Command: This

command line instructs an 1 /0device to read the data on the

data bus. This signal may be

driven by the 8088




Iactive I low

1 / 0 Memory Read Command: This

command line instructs the

I/o Channel 2-25

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memory to drive its data onto the

data bus. This signal may be

driven by the 8088



control of the bus. This line isactive ' low I .

- M E W 1 / 0 Memory Write Command: This

command line instructs the

memory to store the data present

on the data bus. This signal may

be driven by the 8088




active low.

IO/-M 1 /0 1/0 or Memory Status: This

status line is used to distinguish a

memory access from an I/Oaccess. This line should be

driven by a bus master after it

has gained control of the bus. If

this line is I high I it indicates an

1 / 0 Address is on the Address

Bus; if this line is I low , it

indicates a memory address is on

the Address Bus.

-HRQ I Hold Request: This line indicates

that another bus master is

requesting the 1 / 0 Channel. To

gain bus-master status, a device

on the channel must assert -HRQ

(active I low ). The 8088 will

respond to a ;HRQ by asserting

an HLDA. After receiving an

HLDA, the new bus master may

2-26 1 / 0 Channel

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control the bus, and must

continue to assert the -HRQ until

it is ready to relinquish the bus. A

-HRQ is not an asynchronous

signal and should be

synchronized to the system clock.All channel devices with

bus-master capabilities must latch

data-bit D4 during any 'Out 'instruction to AO-A7. The

resulting signal should be used to

qualify -HRQ as follows:

Latched value = 1 --> -HRQ is

inhibited. Latched value = 0 -->-HRQ is allowed. For more

detail, see the explanation of the

A0 port.

DRQ 0 0 This line comes from the floppy

disk controller (FDC) and can be

used by an external DMA to

indicate that a byte should be

transferred to the FDC.

-DACK 0 I This line should come from an

external DMA and should

indicate that a byte is being

transferred from memory to the

FDC.

HLDA 0 Hold Acknowledge: This line

indicates to a bus master on the

channel that -HRQ has been

honored and that the 8088 has

floated its bus and control lines.

1 / 0 Channel 2-27

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=CARD I This line should be pulled down

SLCTD by any adapter when it is selected

with address and IO/-M. Thisline will be used for bus

expansion. It is pulled up with a

resistor and should be pulled

down with an open collector

device.

AUDIOIN I Channel devices may provide

sound sources to thesystem-board sound-subsystem

through this line. It is 1 volt

peak-to-peak, dc biased at 2.5volts above ground.

2-28 I/OChannel

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Input /Output

H e x R a n g e

20-27

9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Device

0 0 0 0 1 0 0 X X A 0 P I C 8 2 5 9

FO-FF

200-207

2 F 8 - 2 F F

3DO-3DF

3 F 8 - 3 F F

1/0 Map

0 0 I 1 I I X A 2 A I A 0 Diskette

1 0 0 0 0 0 0 X X X Joystick

I 0 1 1 1 1 1 A 2 A I A 0 Serial P o r t

1 1 1 I 0 1 A 3 A 2 A I A 0 Videosubsystem

1 I I 1 1 1 I A 2 A I A 0 Modem

X = Don't care (that is, not in decode.)

Any 1/0 which is not decoded on the system boardmay be decoded on the 1/0 Channel.

At Power-On time the NMI into the 8088 is masked

'off I . This mask bit can be set by system software

as follows:

Write to Port A0 D7=ENA NMI D6=IR TEST ENA

D5=SELC CLKl INPUT D4=+Disable HRQ

1 / 0 Channel 2-29

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2-288255 Bit Assignment Description

P A 0 thru (Output Port A is configured as an output.

P A 7 Lines) The output lines are not used by the

hardware, but are used to storekeystrokes. This is done to maintain

compatibility with the Personal

Computer, and Personal Computer

XT.

PBO (+Timer 2

Gate)

This line is routed to the gate input

of timer 2 on the 8253-5. When this

bit is 'low ' , he counter operation is

halted. This bit and PBl (+Speaker

Data) controls the operation of the

8253-5 sound source.

PB1 (+Speaker This bit ANDs 'off' the output of

Data) the 8253-5 timer 2. It can be used todisable the 8253-5 sound source, or

modify its output. When this bit is a

1, it enables the output, a 0 forces

the output to zero.

PB2 (+Alpha This bit is used to steer data from the

memory into the Video Gate Array.This bit should be a 1 for all alpha

modes, and a 0 for all graphics

modes.

-Graphics)

I/o Channel 2-31

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PB3 (+Cassette

Motor Off)

1 PB4 (+Disable

internal

beeper and

cassette

motor relay)

,

When this bit is a 1, the cassette

relay is 'open ' and the cassette

motor is 'off I . When this bit is a 0,

and PB4 = 0, the cassette motor is

'on' .

When this bit is a 1, the internal

beeper is 'disabled' and the 8253-5timer 2 sound source can only be

heard if it is steered to the audio

output. This bit also disables the

cassette motor when it is a 1. To

'enable ' the cassette motor, this bitmust be a 0. In this case, PBI

should be used to gate 'off ' the

internal beeper and 8253-5 sound

source.

PB5, (Speaker

PB6 switch 0 , l )

These bits steer one of 4 sound

sources. This is available to the R Fmodulator or the external audio jack.

The sound sources selected are

shown below.

PB6 PB5 SoundSouc e

0 0 8253-5 Timer 2

0 1 Cassette Audio Input

1 0 1/0 Channel Audio In1 1 76496

PB7 (Open) Reserved for future use.

2-32 1 / 0 Channel

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Port A0 Output Description

D7 (Enable NMI) When this bit is a 1, the NMI is

Ienabled ' .When it is a 0, it is

Idisabled .This bit enables the 8253-5 timer 2output into an IR diode on the IR

Receiver board. This information is

then wrapped back to the keyboard

input. If the cable is not connected,

timer 2 should be set for 40 kHz

which is the IR-modulation

frequency. This feature is used only

for a diagnostic test of the IR

Receiver board.

This bit selects one of two input Clks

to the 8253-5 timer 1. A 0 selects a

1.1925 MHz Clk input used to'assist

the program in de-serializing the

keyboard data. A 1 selects the timer

0 output to be used as the Clk inputto timer 1. This is used to catch timer

0 overflows during diskette drive

operations when interrupts are

masked Ioff I . This is then used to

update the time-of-day.

on the system board, but is supported

by the programming. This bit is usedto disable -HRQs from external

bus-masters (DMA, Alternate

Processors, etc.) The logic forthis bit must exist on each

bus-master attachment. A 0should enable ' -HRQ, and a 1

should Idisable I -HRQ.

D6 (IR test ENA)

D 5 (Selc Clkl input)

D4 (+Disable HRQ) This bit is not actually implemented

1 / 0 Channel 2-35

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+HRQ from external

bus master

LS74I

LS03

AOCS

0 4

I

Port A 0 Output Description

-HRQ on I /O

-Input should be an open-

Port A0 Input Operation

A read I to 1/0 port A0 will clear the keyboard NMI

latch. This latch causes an NMI on the first rising edge

of the keyboard data if the enable NMI bit (port A0 bit

D7) is 'on I . This latch can also be read on the 8255

PCO. The program can determine if a keystroke

occurred while the NMI was Idisabled by reading thestatus of this latch. This latch must be cleared befove

another NMI can be received.

The System board provides for selection of keyboard

data from either a cable or the IR-receiver board. The

IR-receiver board is mounted on the system bpard and

can receive data through an IR link. The source of the

keyboard's data is determined by the -Cable Connectedsignal at the keyboard cable connector. Keyboard

serial data is available to the 8088 at bit PC6 of the

8255 PPI.

The system board is responsible for the de-serialization

of keyboard data. The start bit in the serial stream

causes an NMI to be generated. The 8088 then reads

the 8253 timer to determine when to interrogate the

2-36 1 / 0 Chamel

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serial stream. After de-serialization the NMIservice-routine does a IRead from hex A0 to clear the

^NMI atch.

During certain time-critical operations, such as diskette

I/O, the processor will mask 'off' the NMI interrupt.Keyboard inputs during this time cannot be serviced. A

keyboard latch is provided so that at the end of such

operations the processor will determine whether any

keys were pressed and take appropriate actions. The

keyboard latch is Iset I by any key being pressed and is

Ireset ' by IReading I the NMI port. (No ata is

presented to the microprocessor during this IRead I .)

Keyboard latch data is available to the processor at bit

PCO of the 8255 PPI.

I/OChannel 2-37

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Notes:

2-38 I/OChannel

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Cassette Interface

The cassette interface is controlled through software.

An output from the 8253 timer controls the data to the

cassette recorder through the cassette connector at therear of the system board. The cassette-input data is

read by an input-port bit of the 8255A-5

programmable-peripheral-interface (PPI) (8255A-5

PC4). Software algorithms are used to generate and

read cassette-data. The cassette drive- motor is

controlled by Bit PB3 of the 8255. Bit PB4, which

Ienables

’the 7547 relay driver, must be Ilow I when

the motor is to be turned on. The cassette interface has

a wrap feature which connects the output to the input

when the motor control is Ioff I . See “BIOS Cassette

Logic” in Section 5 for information on data storage and

re trival.

A mechanism is provided that will direct the cassette

input to the audio subsystem. Please see “SoundSubsection” in Section 2.

Circuit block diagrams for the cassette-interface read,

write, and motor control are illustrated in the following

figures.

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Cassette

GND

1OOOk

Ohm

Resistor

18 Ohm

Resistor

i

Audio

Subsystem

r 1

Data From

Cassette

Recorder

Earphone

Jack

+5v

Cassette

18k Ohm

Resistor

GND

OP A 18k Ohm'Amp Resistor

- .047pF - 8k Ohm - '

LM358apacitor Resistor -

SiliconGND Diode

Data In

Cassette-Interface Read- Hardware Block Diag ram

b I82 53 Timer #2 0 O G

O D DRV

3.9k Ohm

Resistor

r

0.678V to

AUX Inputti-esistor

1.2k Ohm

GND

+

4.7k Ohm

Resistor

0.075V to

MI C Input15 0 Ohm

Resistor

GND

Cassette-Interface Write-Hardware Block Diagram

2-40 Cassette Interface

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+5v

I

-LOGIC GND A 01

- ASS AUDIO IN A0 2 c

-MIKE AUDIO OUT A03

CI OTOR CONTROL A04

KEY PLUG BO1

AUX DATA OUT BO2

-MOTOR CONTROL SW BO3

-SHIELD GN D BO4 I

P4LS04

s

System

Board

+5v

SN75475 Relay

- cc N/O

-oil

+5& lamp

1

P83 L In out 0 Coil

Moo NOT , sOn

PB4

Enable

Beeper/CassetteMotor NOT

Relay GND

Com

I

r *

Cassette-Motor Control Block Diagram

Cassette

Cassette

Motor

Cassette Connector Specif ications

Cassette Interface 2-41

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Notes:

I

2-42 Cassette Inter face

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Video Color/Graphics Subsystem

The video subsystem is designed so that the IBM Color

Display, composite monitors, a id a home television set

'can be attached. It is capable of operating in black-and-white or color. It provides three video ports: a

composite-video, a directdrive, and a connector for

an RF modulator to be used with home televisions. In

addition, it contains a light pen interface.

Note: The IBM Personal Computer Monochrome

Display cannot be used with the PCjr system.

Note: An IBM Connector for Television option

must be obtained to attach a home TV.

The subsystem has two basic modes of operation:

alphanumeric (A/N) and all points addressable

graphics (APA). Additional modes are available within

the A/N and APA modes.

In the AJN mode, the display can be operated in either

a 40-column by 25-row mode for a low-resolution

display home television, or an 80-column by 25-row

mode for high-resolution monitors. In both modes,

characters are defined in an 8-wide by 8-high character

box and are 7-wide by 7-high, with one line of

descender. Both A/N modes can operate in either

color or black-and-white.

In the A/N black-and-white mode, the character

attributes of reverse video, blinking, highlighting and

gray shades are available.

In the A/N color mode, sixteen foreground-colors andsixteen background-colors are available for each

character. In addition, blinking on a per-character basis

Video Subsystem 2-43

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One of sixteen colors, or grey shades can be selected

for the screen’s border in all APA modes.

The direct drive, composite video and RF Modulator

connector are right-angle-mounted connectors

extending through the rear of the system unit.

The video color/graphics subsystem is implemented

using a Motorola 6845CRT controller device and a

Video Gate Array (VGA) (LSI5220).The video

subsystem is highly programmable with respect to raster

and character parameters. Thus many additional modes

are possible with the proper programming.

The following figure shows a block diagram of the

video color/graphics subsystem.


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Processor

I -

I R F TelevisionI Modulator I

#

b

64K Expansion Card

1

Processor

64K x 8 Data Latch

A

'DINata Bus<

- Addresq , *rocessor

Address Multiplexer

Processor I + ,

I /O - ddress

Data Bus- 6845 Multiplexer

4t

L64K x 8

RAM*

CRT

Controli

SYNCSVideo

Gate

Array

-

L

ontrol

Latch

T

RAS, CAS, WE

-

rocessor

Data LatchI ti

Character

Data Latch

a

Character

Generator

ROM

b cCG Data

LatchA

Drive

Video

Composite

Video

Logic

Composite

Video Color/Graphic Subsystem Block Diagram

2-46 Video Subsystem

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Major Components Definitions

Motorola 6845 CRT Controller

This device provides the necessary interface to drive a

raster-scan CRT. Additional information about this

component is provided in publications listed in

“Bibliography”.

Storage Organization

The base video-color/graphics-subsystemaccesses 64K

bytes of read/write memory (RAM). A 64KB Memory

and Display Expansion can be added to increase the

amount of systemRAMto 128K bytes. This

memory-storage area serves two functions; as the

video-display buffer and as the system processor is

(8088) main-RAM.

TheRAMis located at address hex 0000 and is either

64K bytes or 128K bytes with the memory expansionoption. The 8088 can access the memory by reading

from and writing to address locations hex 00000 to

lFFFF or by reading from or writing to the 16K-byte

region starting at address hex B8000. The page

affected by a read or write operation is determined by

the processor’s page register. The processor can access

the RAM at any time in all modes with no adverse

effect to the video information. The page that the

video information is taken from is determined by the

CRT page register.

The processor and CRT page registers are write only

registers and can be changed at any t h e . These

registers allow the processor to work in one page while

the display is displaying another page. The processorcan switch pages at the vertical-retrace time. This wi l laid animation on the video color/graphics subsystem.


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Also, since all 128K bytes of read/write memory areavailable for display purposes, the application can useas little or as much memory as needed for the display.

Processor

Page

Select-

The fo llowing figure is a map of the videocolor/graphics subsystem.

0

0

0

Page7

20000

Memory Map

Video

Processor

Read/Write

OperationsL age6 #

- age5

L Page4 D

- age3 I c

c Page2 r c

age 1 c- age0 IL

0000

Hex

Address

coooo

68000

Video Color/Graphics Subsystem Memo ry Map

- RT Page

Select


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Bandwidth

The video bandwidth is either 3 . 5 , 7 or 14 MHzdepending on the mode of operation. The processor

bandwidth is the same for all modes. The processor is

allowed one cycle every 1.1 microseconds. An averageof two wait states will be inserted in a processor RAMread cycle, because the average latency time for the

processor to get a cycle is 560 ns and the cycle time is

processor reads and writes through the B8000 - BFFFFaddress area.

350 ns. There is no performance penalty for redirecting

Character Generator

The ROM character-generator consists of 2K bytes of

storage which cannot be read from, or written to under

software control. It is implemented with a

MCM68A316E or equivalent. Its specifications are

3 5 0 ns access, 3 5 0 ns cycle static operation. The

device is pin compatible with 2 7 1 6 and 27 32 EPROMS.

Video Gate Array

A CMOS gate array is used to generate storage-timing

(RAS, CAS, WE),direct-drive, composite-color and

status signals. See “Video Gate Array” later in thissection.

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Palette

I

Palette Address Bit

PA0 Function

0 Palette Register 01 Palette Register I

The video color/graphics subsystem contains a

16-word by 4-bit palette in the Video Gate Array

which takes PEL (Picture ELement) information from

the read/write memory and uses it to select the color todisplay. This palette is used in all A / N and APA

modes. Any input to the palette can be individually

masked 'off' if a mode does not support the full

complement of 16 colors. This masking allows the user

to select a unique palette of colors whenever any mode

does not support all 16 colors.

In two-color modes, the palette is defined by using onebit (PAO), with the following logic:


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In four-color modes, the palette is defined by using twobits (PA1 and PAO), with the following logic:

Palette Address Bits

PA 1 P A 0

0 0

0 1

1 0

I 1

Function

Palette Register 0

Palette Register IPalette Register 2Palette Register 3

Palette Logic (2 of 3)

Video Subsystem 2-5 1

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In sixteen-color modes, the palette is defined by usingfour bits (PA3, PA2, PA1, and PAO), with the

following logic:

IPalette Address Bits

PA3

00

0

0

0

00

0I

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

PA 2

00

0

0

1

11

1

00001

1

1

1

PA1

0

0

1

1

0

01

1

001

1

001

1

PA0

0

I

0

I

0

I0

I

0I

0

1

01

0

1

Palette Logic (3 f 3)

Function

Palette Register 0

Palette Register I

Palette Register 2Palette Register 3

Palette Register 4

Palette Register 5Palette Register 6Palette Register 7Palette Register 8Palette Register 9

Palette Register 10

Palette Register 1 1

Palette Register 12

Palette Register 13

Palette Register 14

Palette Register 15


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The sixteen colors available to all A / N and APAmodes are selected through combinations of the I

(Intensity), R (Red), G (Green), and B (Blue) bits. Thesecolors are listed in the following figure:

I

0

0

0

0

0

00

0

1

I

I

I

I

1

1

I

R

0

0

0

0

1

II

I

0

0

00

I

1

1

I

G

0

0

1

1

0

01

I

0

0

1

1

0

0

I

I

B

0I

0

I0

1

01

0

I

0I

0

I

0

I

Color

BlackBlueGreenCyanRed

MagentaBrownLight GrayDark GrayLight BlueLight GreenLight Cyan

PinkLight MagentaYellowWhite

Note: The “ I ” bit provides extra luminance(brightness) to each available shade. This results in thelight colors listed above, except for monitors that donot recognize the “ 1 ” bit.

Summary of Available Colors


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Alphanumeric Modes

Display Character C ode Byte,

Every display-character position in the alphanumeric

mode is defined by two bytes in the system read/write

memory, using the following format:

Attribute Byte

1 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 ( 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1

Display Format


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The functions of the attribute byte are defined by the

following figure:

B

AttributeFunction

0 0 0 1 0 0 0

N or m a l

ReverseVideoN ondisplay

N ondisplay(Off)

(On)

Attribute Byte Definition

7 . 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Background ForegroundGroundBlink

I Highlighted Fo reg rou nd (Charac ter )B = Blinking Fo reg rou nd (Charac ter )

Att ribu te Functions

Graphics Mode

The Video Color/Graphics Subsystem can be

programmed for a wide variety of modes within the

graphics mode. Five graphics-modes are supported by

the system’sROM BIOS. They are low-resolution

16-color graphics, medium-resolution 4-color graphics,

medium-resolution 16-color graphics, high-resolution

2-color graphics, and high-resolution 4-color graphics.

The table in the following figure summarizes the five

modes:


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7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

PA3 PA2 PA1 PA0

First

Display

PEL

PA3 PA2 PA1 PA0

Second

Display

PEL

Low-Resolut ion 16-Color GraDhics

PA1 PA0

First

Display

PEL

The medium-resolution mode supports hom e-televisionsets, low-resolution displays, and high-resolutiondisplays. It has the following characteristics:

PA1 PA0 PA1 PA0 PA1 PA0

Second Third Fourth

Display Display Display

PEL PEL PEL

Contains a maximum of 200 rows of 320 PELsSelects one of four colors for each PEL

Requires 16K bytes of read/write memorySupports 4 of 16 possible colorsFormats 4 PELs per byte for each byte in the

following manner:


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Medium-Resolution 16-Color Graphics

The medium-resolution 16-color graphics mode

supports home television sets, low-resolution displays,

and high-resolution displays. It has the following

characteristics:

Requires system configuration of 128K bytes of

read/write memory

Requires 32K bytes of read/write memory

Contains a maximum of 200 rows of 320 PELs.

Specifies 1 of 16 colors for each PEL

Formats 2 PELs per byte for each byte in the

following manner.

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

PA 3 -PA:EL PA1 PA 0 PA 3 PA 1 PA 0

First Second

Display Display

Medium-Resolution 16-Color Graphics

High-Resolution 2-Color Graphics

The high-resolution 2-color mode supports

high-resolution monitors only. This mode has the

following characteristics:

Contains a maximum of 200 rows of 640 PELs

Supports 2 of 16 possible colors.


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Requires 16K bytes of read/write memory.

Formats 8 PELs per byte for each byte in the

following manner:

PA0 PA0 PA0 PA0 PA0 PA0 PA0 PA0

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Eighth Display PEL

Seventh Display PEL

Sixth Display PEL

Fifth Display PEL

Fourth Display PEL

Third Display PEL

Second Display PEL

I -% First Display PEL

High-Resolution 2-Color Graphics

High-Resolution 4-Color GraphicsThe high-resolution mode is used only with

high-resolution monitors. This mode has the following

characteristics:

Requires system configuration of 128K Bytes

read/write memoryRequires 32K bytes of read/write memory

Contains a maximum of 200 rows of 640 PELsSelects one of four colors for each PELSupports 4 out of 16 colors

Formats 8 PELs per two bytes (consisting of one

even-byte and one odd-byte) in the following

manner:


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Even Bytes

. 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

PA0 PA0 PA0 PA0 PA0 PA0 PA0 PA0

Y

First Second. Third Fourth Fifth Sixth Seventh Eighth

Display Display Display Display Display Display Display Display

PEL PEL PEL PEL PEL PEL PEL PEL

PA1 PA1

7 6

PA1 PA1 PA1 PA1 PA1 PA1

5 4 3 2 1 0 .Odd Bytes

High- Resolution 4-Color Graphics

Graphics Storage Organization

For the low-resolution 16-color graphics, themedium-resolution &color graphics, and the high-resolution 2-color graphics, storage is organized intotwo banks of 8000 bytes each.

The following figure shows the organization of thegraphics storage.


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Memor y Address

OOOOHEven Scans (0.2.4 ...,190)

8000 Bytes

1F3F

Iraphics Storage Organization (Part 1 of 2)

Address 0000 contains PEL information for theupper-left corner of the display area.

For the m edium-resolution 16-color graphics, and the

high-resolution 4-color graphics modes, the graphicsstorage is organized into four banks of 8000 bytes each.


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Memo ry Address

(Hex) b-, 160 Bytes40000 00 Scans

(0,4,8....,196)

(8000 Bytes)1 F3F

2000

3F3F

4000

5F3F

6000

7F3F

01 Scans

(1,5,9,.. ,197)

(8000 Bytes)

10 Scans

(2.6,lO ,....198)

(8000 Bytes)

11 Scans

(3,7,11 ...,199)

(8000 Bytes)

Graphics Storage Organization (Part 2 of 2)

Address 0000 contains PEL information for theupper-left corner of the display.


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Video Gate Array

H ex Address

00

01

0203

0410-1F

The Video Gate Array is located at 1/0 address hex

3DA, and is programmed by first writing a register

address to port hex 3DA and then writing the data to

port hex 3DA.

Register

Mode Control 1

Palette Mask

Border ColorMode Control 2ResetPalette Registers

Any 1/0 write I -operations to hex address 3DA

continuously toggle an internal address/data flip-flop.

This internal flip-flop can be set to the address state by

issuing an 1/0 Iread I instruction to port hex 3DA. An

1/0 Iread I instruction also Ireads ' the status of the

Video Gate Array. A description of each of the

registers in the Video Gate Array follows.

Video Gate Array Register Addresses


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Mode Control 1 Register

~~

Bit 0

Bit 1

Bit 2Bit 3Bit 4

This is a 5-bit 'writel-only register, it cannot be

A description of this register's bit functions follows.

read I . Its address is 0 within the Video Gate Array.

+ H I Bw -LOB w+Graphics -Alp ha

+ B / W+Video Enable

+16 Color Graphics


Bit 0

Bit 1

Bit 2

This bit is 'high I (1 for all

high-bandwidth modes. These modes are

all modes which require the 64KB Memory

and Display Expansion for a system totalof 128K bytes of read/write memory. The

high bandwidth modes are the 80 by 25

alphanumeric mode, the 640 by 200

4-color graphics mode, and the 320 by 200

l6-color graphics mode. This bit is 'low'

(0) for all low-bandwidth modes.

This bit is ' high (1) for all graphicsmodes and is I low ' (0) for all

alphanumeric modes.

When this bit is ' high' ( l ) , the

composite-video color-burst and

chrominance are disabled, leaving only the

composite intensity-levels for gray shades.

When this bit is 'low' (0), the.composite-video color is 'enabled . This


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bit should be set Ihigh for high-

resolution black-and-white display

applications.

Note: This bit has no effect on direct-drive

colors.

Bit 3 When this bit is 'high I (1 , the video

signal is Ienabled I . The video signal

should be Idisabled I when changing

modes. When the video signal is

Idisabled I , he screen is forced to the

border color.

This bit must be ' high I (1) for all

16-color graphics-modes. These modes

are the 160 by 200 16-color

graphics-mode and the 320 by 200

16-color graphics-mode.

Bit 4

Palette Mask Register

This is a 4-bit write-only registe it cannot be 're

Its address in the Video Gate Array is hex 01. A

description of this register's bit functions follows.

Bit 0 -Pale t te Mask 0



-1it 3 -Pale t te Mask 3

d ' .

Palette Mask Register

When bits 0-3 are 0, they force the appropriate palette

address to be 0 regardless of the incoming color


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information. This can be used to make some

information in memory a ‘don’t care I condition until it

is requested.

Bit Number

01

2

3

In the 2-color and 4-color modes, the palette addresses

should be masked I because only 1 or 2 color-lines

contain valid information. For 4-color modes, the

palette mask register should contain a hex 03 and, for

2-color modes, it should contain a hex 01.

Function

+ B (Blue) Border Color Select+ G (G ree n) Border C olo r Select+ R (R ed ) Border C olo r Select+ I (Int ens ity) Border C olo r Select

Border Color Register

This is a 4-bit I write I -only register, it cannot be

The following is a description of the register’s bit

functions:

read I . Its address in the Video Gate Array is hex 02.

Border Color Register

A combination of bits 0-3 selects the screen-border

color as one of 16 colors, as listed in the “Summary of

Available Colors’’ table in this section.


This is a 4-bit, I write I -only register, i t cannot be

’ read I . Its address inside the Video Gate Array is hex


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03. The following is a description of the register’s bit

functions:

Bit Number Function

- Reserved = 0+ Enable Blink- Reserved = 0

+ 2-Color G raph ics

PA2 PA1 PA0

~

M o d e Control 2 Register

PA3 PA2 PA1 PA0

Bit 0 This bit is reserved, but should always be

programmed as a 0.

Bit 1 When this bit is I high I (1) in the

alphanumeric mode, the attribute byte has

the following definition:

1 b Blinking

Where PA0 o PA3 are palet te addresses.

Att ribute Byte Defin ition (Part 1 of 2)

V i ubsystem 2-67

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If the enable-blink bit is 'off ' in the

alphanumeric mode, the attribute byte

takes on the following definition:

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Foreground Color

Background Color

Attr ibute Byte Definit ion (Part 2 of 2)

If the enable-blink bit is on in a graphics

mode, the high-order address of the palette

(PA3) is replaced with the character-blink

rate. This causes displayed colors to

switch between two sets of colors.

If the colors in the lower half of the palette

are the same as in the upper half of the

palette, no color changes will occur. If the

colors in the upper half of the palette are

different from the lower half of the palette,

the colors will alternately change between

the 2palette colors at the blink rate.

Only eight colors are available in the

16-color modes when using this feature.

Bit 3 of the palette mask has no effect on

this mode.

Bit 2 This bit is reserved, but should ,always be

programmed as a 0.


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Bit 3 This bit should be high (1) when in the

640 by 200 2-color graphics-mode. It

should be I low I (0) for all other modes.

Bit 0Bit 1

+A synchrono us Reset+Syn chronou s Reset

Reset Register

Bit 0 When high (1 , this bit will issue an

I asynchronous reset I to the Video Gate

Array. This will cause all memory cycles

to stop and all output sigrsals to be

tri-stated. The 'asynchronous reset I

should only be issued once at the system

power-on time. This bit should be 'high'

( l ) , he Video Gate Array and the 6845programmed, and then it should be I low I

(0).

The system read/write memory (RAM)

will not work until this power-on sequence

is finished. After this power-on sequence,

subsequent I resets I should be

synchronous resets I .


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Bit 1

Note: Issuing an I asynchronous reset 'can cause the contents of RAMto be

destroyed.

When 'high' ( I ) , this bit will issue a

I synchronous reset I to the Video Gate

Array. This will cause all memory cycles

to stop and all output signals to stop. Bit 1

should be low I (0) before changing

modes.

Before issuing a I synchronous reset , he

program should read 256 locations in

RAMas every other location in 512

locations. The program should then issue

the 'synchronous reset and change the

mode. This changes the Video Gate Array

mode-control registers and the 6845registers.

Next, the 'synchronous reset I should beremoved and the 256 RAM locations

should be 'read ' again as above. This

procedure will ensure systemRAMdata-integrity during mode changes.

'Synchronous resets need only be issued

when changing between high-bandwidth,

and low- bandwidth modes. (Bit 0 in

mode control 1 register)

Note: No accesses to RAM can be

made while the video gate array is in a

'reset ' state. IResets must be done

from code in ROM or EPROM's.


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Palette Registers

There are sixteen 4-bit-wide palette-registers. These

registers are Iwrite I -only, they cannot be I read I .Their addresses in the Video Gate Array are from hex

I O to 1F.

Palette address hex 10 is accessed whenever the color

code from memory is a hex 0, address hex 11 is

accessed whenever the color code from memory is a hex

1, and so forth. A description of the color codes is in

“Summary of Available Colors” in this section.

Note: The palette address can be ‘masked’ by

using the palette mask register.

The following is a description of the register’s bit

functions:

I Bit Number I Function

I o 1 + B l u e I123

+ Green+ R e d+ Intensi ty

Palette Register Format

When loading the palette, the video is I disabled ’ and

the color viewed on the screen is the data contained in

the register being addressed by the processor.

When the program has completed loading the palette, itmust change the hex address to some address less than

hex 10 for video to be ’enabled again.

Video Subsystem 2-7 1

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If a programmer does not wish a user to see the adverse

effects of loading the palette, the palette should be

loaded during the vertical-retrace time. The program

must modify the palette and change the video gate array

address to less than hex 10 within the vertical-retrace

time. A vertical-retrace interrupt and a status bit areprovided to facilitate this procedure.


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8 Status Register

Bit 0

Bit 1

Bit 2Bit 3Bit 4

This is a 5-bit I read -only egister, it cannot be

'written I. The internal address of the video gate array

is a 'don't care ' condition for the status-register

read-operation. A description of the register's bitfunctions. ollows:

+Display E nable+Light Pe n Trigger S et-Light Pen Switch Made

+Vertical Retrac e+ Video Do t s

Status Register

Bit 0 When 'high (1), this bit indicates video is

being displayed.

Bit 1 When 'high ' (1), this bit indicates that a

positive- going edge from the light pen

input has set the light pen trigger. This

trigger is I low ' (0) pon a system

power-on, and may also be cleared by

performing an 1/0 Out ' command to

address hex 3DB. No specific data isrequired, this action is address-activated.

Bit 2 This bit indicates the status of the light pen

switch. The switch is not latched or

debounced. When this bit is 'low' (0), the

light pen switch is 'on I.

Bit 3 When 'high ' (1 , this bit indicates thevertical retrace is 'active .

Video S i h y s t e m 2-73

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Signal Name Pin Number

+12v A 01

-LIGHT PEN INPUT A02 c

Light +5v A03 SystemBoard

LOGIC GN D 601

-LIGHT PEN SWITCH- 02

UNUSED 603

&

Connector Specifications

Note: The light pen interface is set for RGBI

differences between different displays (Different

phosphors take longer to turn on, and different

circuits take longer to accomplish their task.) the

row, column value returned from the CRT can vary.

This difference must be compensated for through

software.

Programming Considerations

Programming the 6845 CRT Controller

The 6845 has 19 accessible, internal registers, whichare used to define and control a raster-scanned CRT

display. One of these registers, the Index Register, is

actually used as a pointer to the other 18 registers. It is

a Iwrite I -only register, which is loaded from the

processor by executing an IOut ' instruction to 1/0

address hex 3D4. The five least-significant-bits of the

1/0 bus are loaded into the Index Register.

In order to load any of the other 18 registers, the Index

Register is first loaded with the necessary pointer; then

the Data Register is loaded with the information to be


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placed in the selected register. The Data Register is

loaded from the processor by executing an 'Out 'instruction to 1/0 address hex 3D5.

RO

The following table defines the values that must beloaded into the 6845-CRT-Controller registers to

control the different modes of operation supported by

the attachment:

Horizontal

TotalWrite

Only

38

R 2 HorizontalSync

Position

R 3 Horizontal

Sync

Width

R4 Vertical

Total

Write

Only06

IlphanumericLow/HighBand

WidthGraphics

Register

HexAddr. I / O 14ou25 80x25nits

0 Char. 71 38 /71

~~

R 1 Horizontal

DisplayChar. 50 2 8 / 5 0

2 Char. 5 A

3 Char. ocrFI 06

Write 1F

Only

4 Char.

RowIF 7 F / 3 F

06/06ScanLine

06Total

Adjustment

Vote: All register values are given in hexadecimal.

6845 Register Table (Part 1 o f 3)


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07 01/03

Register Alp hmum er c IBandow’HighHexAddr 40x25nits

6 Char.

R o wWrite

0nly

19erticalDisplayed

19 641 32

1c 70138Vertical

Sync

Posit ion

Char.

RowWrite

Only

8 InterlaceMode

Write0nly

02 021 02O2 I

9 MaximumScan Line

Address

ScanLine

Write

Only

07

26/26

O6

ICursor

StartScanLine

Write

Only

06

~~

Cursor

End

Write

Only

07/07

O7 IScan

Line07

qote: All register values are given in hexademical.

6845 Register Table (Part 2 of 3)


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Register

Hexc+F I R l 5I

Start

Addr. ( H )

StartAddr. (L)

Cursor

Addr. (H)

Cursor

Addr. (L)

LightPen ( H )

LightPen L)

I I I

qote: All register values are given in hexadecimal. I6845 Register Table (Part 3 of 3)

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CRT/Processor Page Register

This register is an %bit 'write '-only register, that

cannot be read. Its address is hex 3DF. The following

is a description of the Register functions.

I Bit Number I Descr p ion

CRT Page 0

CRT Page I

CRT Page 2.Processor Page 1

Processor Page 2

Processor Page 3Video Address Mode 0

Video Address Mode 1

CRT/Processor Page Regis ter (Part 1 of 2)

CRT Page 0-2 These bits select which 16Kbyte memory-page between

00000 to hex lFFFF s being

displayed. If there is no

expansionRAMin the system,

the high- order bit is a 'don't

care I and only 4 pages are

supported. For graphics modes

which require 32K bytes thelow-order bit is a 'don't care I .

Processor Page 0-2 These bits select the 16K byte

memory-page region where

memory cycles to BSOOO are

redirected. If there is no

expansion RAM installed in

' the system, the high-order bitis a 'don't care' and only 4

pages are supported.


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M ode Select ion Summary

Four registers of the Video Gate Array allow the user

to access all the alphanumeric and graphics modes

supported by the system ROM BIOS. The following

table summarizes the modes and their register settings:

Mode

40 by 25 Alphanumeric Black-and-white40 by 25 Alphanumeric Color

80 by 25 Alphanumeric Black-and-white

80 by 25 Alphanumeric Color160 by 200 16-Color Graphics

320 by 200 4-Color Graphics320 by 200 4-Shade Black-and-white

320 by 200 l6-Color Graphics

640 by 200 2-Color Graphics640 by 200 4-Color Graphics

Note: All values are given in hexadecimal.

-

00

oc08

OD

09

1A

OAOE1B

OEOB

-

-

Video GateArray Reg.-

01

OFOF

OFOFOF03

03

OF

0103

-

-

-

02

00

0000

0000

00

00

00

0000

-

-

-

03

0202020200

00

00

00

0800

-

-

Mode Summary

Sequence of Events for Changing Mod e s

1 . Determine the mode of operation.

2. Reset the ‘video enable’ bit in the Video Gate Array

to disable video.

3. Program the 6845 CRT Controller to select the

mode.

Read 256 bytes of memory

Reset gate array

4. Program the Video Gate Array registers.


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Remove gate-array reset

Read 256 bytes of memory

5 . Re-enable video.

Note: The gate array needs to be reset only whenchanging the high-bandwidth/low-bandwidth

register.

Interrupt Information

The Video Gate Array uses interrupt level 5 of the Intel

8259 to provide the vertical retrace interrupt to thesystem.

At Standard TTL Levels

A1

A 3

A6

A 9

-VERT SYNC

LOGIC GND

-HORIZ SYNC

BLUE

RED

INTEN

GREEN

COMP SYNC

AUDIO

+VERT SYNC

LOGIC GND

+HORIZ SYNC

RESERVED

LOGIC GND

B6 RESERVED

RESERVED

RESERVED

B9 SHIELD GND


The direct-drive signals are standard TTL levels except

the audio output which is a 1V peak-to-peak signal

biased at OV which can drive a 1OK ohm or greater

input-impedence.


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Colo r/ G a phics

Composite Jack

Composite Video Signal

VideoMonito r Chassis Ground

Connector

for

Television


r A01

-12V W

RFA02 - Key b

A03 - Composite Video c Modulator

BO2 - udio

r BO3 - hield GND *

BO1 - G N D J

The com posite-video signal is 1V peak to peak biasedat .7Vwith a 75 ohm oad.

Television Connector Specifications

The Connector for Television connector has the

composite-video signal at 1V peak to peak biased at.7Vwith a 75 ohm oad. The connector also has theaudio output which is 1V peak-to-peak signal biased atOV which can drive a 1OK ohm or greater inputimpedence.

Vidw Subsystem 2-83

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Notes:


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Beeper

8255A-5 Bit PB1, I/O Address Hex 61

Timer Clock Out 2

The system beeper is a small, piezoelectric- speaker,which can be driven from one or both of two sources.

The tw o sources are:

A N D

The 8255A -5 PPI output-bit PB1

Drive

Select8255 A -5 Bit PB4 I

A timer clock out of an 825 3- 5 timer which has a1.19MHz-clock input. The timer gate is alsocontrolled by an 8 25 5-5 outport bit PBO.

-

Note: The TI76496 Sound Generator cannot bedirected through the beeper.

Beeper30 Ohm Resistor

Beeper Block Diagram

Beeper 2-85

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Notes:

2-86

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Sound Subsystem

1 Audio --System

Unit 2 GNDI

b

The nucleus of the sound subsystem is an analog

multiplexer (mpx) which allows 1 of 4 different sound

sources to be selected, amplified, and sent to the audio

outputs. The mpx and amplifier are configured so the

amplifier’s gain is unique to and consistent with each

with any of the sound sources. The output of the

amplifier is supplied to the IBM Connector for

Television interface and external-amplifier interface. Ifan external speaker is used, an external amplifier must

be used to drive it. The amplifier is configured as a

single-pole low pass filter with a 3 dB cut-off frequency

of 4.8 kHz. This filter is used to “round” off the

corners of the square-wave signals. BIOS Power-on will

initialize the sound subsystem to use the 8253programmable-timer mode.

sound source. This provides a consistent level of output

External

Amp

i


The audio output is a 1V peak-to-peak signal biased atOV. It can drive a 10k ohm or greater

input -impedence.

Sound Subsystem 2-87

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Source

C om ple x So un d G e ne ra to r (TI 76496)

Programmable Timer (8253)

Casse t te Aud io

1 / 0 C ha nne l A ud io

Sound Sources

Port BitsPB6 PB5

1 1

0 0

0 1

1 0

Complex Sound Generator

The Complex Sound Generator chip (SN76496N) has 3

programmable frequencies which may be mixed to formchords and a white noise generator which may also be

mixed for special effects. Each of the 3 channels as

well as the white noise generator can be independently

attenuated. The processor controls the sound chip by

writing to port hex CO.

The Sound Generator is described in greater detail later

in this section. More information can be obtained byreferring to Texas Instruments’ data sheets and

application notes.

2-88 Sound Subsystem

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Select PB6

Sound Block Diagram

+

8253 I c

L

L

.Cassette Protection

Diodes -a

External ,

Channel

Audio Tone Generator

Analog

Direct Drive- onitor AudioMPX +

Low R . F. Modulator

FilterAudio

Pass H w

f3dB = - xternal Audio

Amp

Features

0 3 Programmable Tone-Generators0 Programmable White N oise0 Programmable Attenuation0 Simultaneous Sounds

TTL Compatible0 3 . 579 MHz Clock Input

Audio Mixer

Processor to Sound-Generator Interface

The system microprocessor comm unicates with theSN76496N through the 8 data lines and 3 control lines


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(WE, CE and READY).Each tone generator requires

10 bits of information to select the frequency and 4 bits

of information to select the attenuation. A frequency

update requires a double-byte transfer, while an

attenuator update requires a single-byte transfer.

If no other control registers on the chip are accessed, a

tone generator may be rapidly updated by initially

sending both types of frequency and register data,

followed by just the second byte of data for succeeding

values. The register address is latched on the chip, so

the data will continue going into the same register. This

allows the 6 most-sigmfkant bits to be quickly

modified for frequency sweeps.

Control Registers

The sound generator has 8 internal registers which are

used to control the 3 tone generators and the noise

source. During all data transfers to the sound

generator, the first byte contains a 3-bit field which

determines the destination control register. The register

address codes are as follows:


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Register Address Field

MSBRO R 1

LSBR 2 Destination Control Register

T o n e 1 FrequencyT o n e 1 Attenuat ionT o n e 2 FrequencyT o n e 2 Attenuat ionT o n e 3 FrequencyT o n e 3 Attenuat ionNoise Cont ro lNoise Attenuat ion

Register Address Field

High Data

RO R 1 R 2 F6 F7 F8 F9

Second Byte

MSB L SB MSB LSB

Frequency (Double or Single Byte Transfer)

Frequency G eneration

Each tone generator consists of a frequency-synthesis

section and an attenuation section. The frequency-

synthesis section requires 10bits of information (hex

FO-F9) to define half the period of the desired

frequency (n). Hex FO is the most-significant bit and

hex F9 is the least-significant bit. This information is


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loaded into a 10-stage tone-counter, which is

decremented at an N / 16 rate where N is the inputclock

frequency. When the tone counter decrements to 0, a

borrow signa1,is produced. This borrow signal toggles

the frequency,flip-flop and also reloads the tone

counter. Thus, the period of the desired frequency is

twice the value of the period register.

The frequency can be calculated by the following:

where N = ref c l o c k i n Hz ( 3 . 579 MHz)

n = 10-bit binary-number

Attenuator

Reg. Addr.

Second Bit 7

MSB Byte

Update Attenuation (Sing le By te Transfer)

The output of the frequency flip-flop feeds into afour-stage attenuator. The attenuator values, along

with their bit position in the data word, are shown in

the following figure. Multiple-attenuation control-bits

may be 'true' simultaneously. Thus, the maximum

theoretical attenuation is 28 dB typically.


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Iit PositionI

Reg. Addr.

RO R1 R 21 1 1 0 X

Attenuator Values

SHIFT

FB NFO NF1

Noise Generator

Update Noise Source (Sing le Byte Transfer)

The noise generator consists of a noise source and anattenuator. The no ise source is a shift register with anexclusive-OR feedback-network. The feedbacknetwork has provisions to protect the shift register frombeing locked in the zero state.

L


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Configuration

Periodic Noise

White Noise

Noise Feedback Cont ro l

Bits

NFO NF1

0 0

0 1

1 0

1 1

Whenever the noise-control register is changed, the

shift register is cleared. The shift register will shift at

one of four rates as determined by the two NF bits.

The fixed shift-rates are derived from the input clock.

Shift Rate

N/512

N /1024

N / 2048

Tone Generator #3 Output

The output of the noise source is connected to aprogrammable attenuator.

Audio Mixer/Output Buffer

The mixer is a conventional operational-amplifier

summingcircuit. It will sum the three tone-generator


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outputs, and the noise-generator output. The outputbuffer will generate up to 10mA.

Data Transfer

The sound generator requires approximately 32 clock

cycles to load the data into the register. The open

collectorREADY output is used to synchronize the

microprocessor to this transfer and is pulled to the false

state (low voltage) immediately following the leading

edge of CE. It is released to go to the true state

(external pull-up) when the data transfer is completed.

This will insert approximately 42 wait states (8.9 ps )

for each data transfer.

Warning: Do not attempt to issue an 1/0 read

operation to the TI76496 port (COH). Such an

operation will cause the system to hang indefinitely.

Note: If DMA is added to the system on the 1/0channel, 1/0 WRITES to the 76496 will increase

the latency time.


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Notes:


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The infra-red link provides cordless communications

between the keyboard and the system unit. Two

infra-red-emitting diodes, mounted in the keyboard,

transmit coded information to the system unit. The

keyboard transmitter is fully discussed in “Cordless

Keyboard” in this section. The infra-red receiver,

which is located in the system unit, has an

infra-red-sensitive device that demodulates the signal

transmitted from the keyboard and sends it to the

system.

M a - R e d ReceiverThe receiver card measures 57.15 mm wide by 63 mm(2.25 in. by 2.50 in.) long. The infra-red receiver is

mounted on the system board, component-side down,

with two snap-in-type standoffs. Signal output and

power input is through an 8-pin connector, located atthe rear of the infra-red receiver. The

infra-red-sensitive device is located on the front of the

board and receives its input through an opening in the

front of the system unit’s cover. There is also an

infra-red transmitter mounted on the receiver board for

diagnostic purposes.

Functional Description

The following figure is the Infra-Red Receiver Block

Diagram. During keyboard operation, the emitted light

is modulated, transmitted, and received in the following

sequence:

1. A key is pushed.

I&-Red Link 2-97

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2. The data stream is sent using the infra-red-emittingdiodes.

3. Th e receiver amplifies and processes the signal.4. Th e demodulated signal is sent to the system board.

k o u t

Th e signal received consists of an infra-red-lighttransmission modulated at 40 kHz.

An input is available (I/R Test Frequency) to thesystem for receiver-circuit-operational verification.

Infra-Red Receiver Board

First

Amplifier

Stage

f%oto-Diode

infra-wi th

,

Second

Amplifier

with A GC

- tage

Infra-

Red

Test

Circuit

J

temod-

ulator

Infra-Red Receiver Block Diagram

Application Notes

The Infra-Red Receiver Board can serve as a

general-purpose infra-red-receiver, however, the

2-98 Infra-Red Link

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demodulator timings are tailored to the needs of the

system.


The serially-encoded word is software de-serialized by

the 8088 processor on the system unit. The leading

edge of the start bit will generate a non-maskable

interrupt (NMI). Once the processor enters the NMI

routine to handle the deserialization, the keyboard-data

line is sampled and the processor waits to sample the

trailing edge of the start bit. When the trailing edge of

the start bit is sampled, the processor will wait for 310

ps and sample the first half of the first data bit. This

delay causes the processor to sample in the nominal

center of the first half of the first data bit. The

processor then samples the keyboard data every half-

bit cell-time. The sampling interval is 220 ps. The

processor samples each half-bit-sample 5 times and will

determine the logical level of the sample by majorityrule. This enables the processor to discriminate against

transient glitches and to filter out noise. The 8088

processor utilizes one 8255 PPI bit (PORT C BIT 6)

and shares one 8253 timer channel (CHANNEL 1) to

do the software de-serialization of the keyboard data.

See the “Cordless Keyboard” in this section for more

information on the data-transmission protocal.

Detectable Error Conditions

Errors Cause

Phase Errors The 1st half of the bit-cell sample is

not equal to the inverse of the 2nd half

of the bit-cell sample.

The received encoded word did not

maintain odd parity.

Parity Errors

Infra-RedLink 2-99

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Note: Errors will be signaled by the processor with

a short tone from the audio alarm or external

speaker.

Operational Parameters

The operational distance from infra-red devices to the

system should not exceed 6.1 meters 20 feet)

(line-of-sight). Operational efficiency can be impaired

by outside sources. These sources are,

excessively-bright lights, and high-voltage lines, which

include some TV sets. High-energy sources willgenerally cause an audible alarm within the system unit.

These sources may downgrade the operational distance

from the keyboard to the system. A keyboard cable is

recommended if the above interference conditions are

not controllable.

I Pin 1 Signal

A0 1

A02A03A04BO 1BO2

BO3BO4

~~ ~ ~

+12 VoltsG r o u n dGr ou nd -S hieldI .R . TEST F R E Q .G R O U N D+5 Volts

-1.R . KB D DA TAG R0U N-D

Infra- Red Connector Specifi cations

Input/ Output

I n p u tI n p u tI n p u tI n p u tI npu tI npu t

I n p u to u t p u t

2-100 Infra-Red Link

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IBM PCjr Cordless Keyboard

The keyboard is a low-profile, 62-key, detached

keyboard with full-travel keys. The keys are arranged in

a standard typewriter layout .with the addition of afunction key and cursor-control keys. The keybuttons

are unmarked; however, an overlay is used to provide

the keys' functional descriptions.

The following figure shows the layout of the cordless

keyboard.

The keyboard is battery powered and communicates to

the system unit with an infra-red (IR) link. The

infra-red link-makes the remote keyboard a truly

portable hand-held device. An optional-cord

connection to the system unit is available. Power is

sent to the keyboard and serially-encoded data received

by the system unit through the optional cord. When

connected, the cord's keyboardconnector removes the

battery power and the -CABLE CONNECT signal

disables the infra-red-receiver circuit. The disabling ofthe circuit also allows other infrared devices to be used

CordlessKeyboard 2-101

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without interfering with the system. The data which is

received through the IR link or by the cord, have the

same format.

The keyboard interface is designed to maximizesystem-software flexibility in defining keyboard

operations such as shift states of keys, and typematic

operation. This s accomplished by having the

keyboard return scan codes rather than American

National Standard Code for Information Interchange

(ASCII) codes. The scan codes are compatible with

Personal Computer and Personal Computer XT scan

codes at the BIOS interface level. All of the keys aretypematic and generate both a make and a break scan-

code. For example, key 1 produces scan code hex 01

on make and code hex 81 on break. Break codes are

formed by adding hex 80 to the make codes. The

keyboard 1/0 driver can define keyboard keys as shift

keys or typematic, as required by the application.

The microprocessor in the keyboard performs keyboard

scanning, phantom-key detection, key debounce,

buffering of up to 16key-scan-codes, and transfer of

serially-encoded data to the system unit. The keyboard

microprocessor is normally in a standby power-down

mode until a key is pressed. This causes the

microprocessor to scan the keyboard. The

microprocessor then transmits the scan code, andre-enters the power-down mode if its buffer is empty

and no keys are pressed.

The keyboard electronics is designed with low-power

CMOS integrated-circuitry for battery power operation.

Four AA-size batteries are required. Because the

keyboard is normally in the standby power-down mode,

which uses very little power, no onjoff switch isneeded.

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Unlike other keyboards in the IBM Personal Computer

family, the IBM PCjr Cordless Keyboard has

phantom-key detection. Phantom-key detection occurs

when invalid combinations of three or more keys are

pressed simultaneously, causing a hex 55 scan-code to

be sent to the keyboard’s processor. The phantom-keyscan-code instructs the keyboard’s processor to ignore

all of the keys that were pressed at that time. BIOS

ignores the resulting scan-code that is sent to it.

The keyboard-cord connector provides a battery-

disconnect function and also disables the infra-red-

transmission circuitry when the mating plug for the

modular jack is connected.

Note: See “Keyboard Encoding and Usage” in

Section 5 , for scan codes and further information.

Transmitter

Serially encoded words are transmitted to the systemunit using the Infra-Red Link or the cable link. Encoded

words are sent to the system unit with odd parity. Both

the Infra-Red Link and the cable link use biphase

serial-encoding and each is a simplex link.

The 80C48 microprocessor does the biphase serial

encoding with a bit cell of 440 ps. A biphaselogically-encoded 1 is transmitted as logical 1 for the

first half of the bit cell time and as a logical 0 for the

second half of the bit cell. A biphase logically-encoded

0 is transmitted as a logical 0 for the first half of the bit

cell time and as a logical 1 for the second half of the bit

cell.

Each logical 1 transmission for- he Infra-Red Linkconsists of a 40 kHz carrier burst at a 50 duty cycle.

Cordless Keyboard 2-1 03

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I

Fi rst BitSecond BitTh ird BitFo ur th Bit I D at a Bit 2 IFifth BitSi xt h BitSe ven th BitEig ht BitN inth BitT en th BitElev enth Bit

St ar t BitD at a Bit 0 (Le ast Sig nificant Bit)D at a Bit 1

D at a Bit 3

D at a Bit 4D at a Bit 5

D at a Bit 6D at a Bit 7 (M os t Signif icant Bit)Pa ri ty BitS to p Bit

Data Stream Sequence

Eleven stop bits are inserted after every scan-code

transmission. This is to allow some processor

bandwidth between keystrokes to honor other types of

interrupts, such as serial and time-of-day.

2-104 Cordless Keyboard

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Eleven Stop

I Bit cells I

\ \Infra-Red Data

Cable IBI-Phase '1 ' I I BI-Phase '0' Ii Bit Cell

440 IS 440 ps

Infra-

Red I BI-Phase '1'

I IBi-Phase 'O'

I40 kHz @ 50%40 kHz @ 50% Duty Cycle

4 402.5s j 22y40 ps f z s

Keyboard Transmission Timing

Cordless Keyboard 2-105

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-CLB Data

,-)*ND/-

-1.R. Data

-CBL Con

1 Keyboard Data

- D

- =- 8255 PCOCLK Flip Flop

CLR

ANDNM I Mask -IOR From

Port A 0 Hex

Keyboard Interface Logic

2-106 Cordless Keyboard

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Program Cartridge and Interface

The Program Cartridge allows the addition of ROM to

the system without removing the cover by plugging it I

into either of two slots in the front of the machine.

The 4 8 by 7 2 mm ( 2 by 3 inch) cartridge can hold one

or two 32K byte by 8 ROMS (64K bytes total) of

program storage. Smaller ROMS such as the 8K byte

by 8 modules can be used in the cartridge. When a

smaller module is used, the higher address lines are not

used. To allow two smaller modules to be mapped to

adjacent memory segments, each module’s contents isaddressed to multiple adjacent-memory segments,

within the addressable range of the module’s socket

(32k).

Program Cartridge Slots

The Program Cartridge is designed to plug into either of

two identical slots in the front of the machine. Each

slot has 15 address signals, 8 data signals, 6 chip

selects, 2 control signals, and power. Cartridge

selection is accomplished by the chip selects, each of

which addresses one of the high 32K memory-blocks.

Each cartridge uses up to two of the six chip selects.

Selection is determined on the basis of the intended use

of the cartridge. This is done at the factory.

Two of the chip selects are used by the internal

system-ROM. These two signals can be used to allow

the internal ROM to be replaced by a Program

Cartridge. This allows the machine to assume a

different personality from the standard machine. To

use this option of mapping the internal-ROM space to a

cartridge, the Base-ROM-in-Cartridge function must beinserted. This function is a factory-installed

Program Cartridge 2-107

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signal- umper manufactured into particular

program-cartridges that are intended to replace the

system ROM.

0

1

Note: When the cartridge is inserted or removed

with the system turned on, the system will resetand go through a warm power-up. Any data in the

system.RAM will be lost.

055H

OAAH

Cartridge Storage Allocations

2

3 9 4 s

6

Last 2 Addresses

A. The following conventions will be followed for

“Initial Program Loadable” program cartridges:

Length

J u m p to Ini t ia l ize Co de

0

C R C B ytes

ontentsocation

Storage Conventions

Locations 0 and 1 contain the word hex 55AA.

This is used as a test for the presence of the

cartridge during the configurationdetermination

portion of the power-on routines.

Location 2 contains a length indicator representingthe entire address space taken by the ROM on the

cartridge. The algorithm for determining the

2-108 Program Cartr idge

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LocationI

I I

Contents

I 0 I 055H - I

1

2

OAAH

Length

3-5

6

Z

I Y I Last Character in Command Name I

Jump to Initialize

Command Name Length (Offset Y-Offset Z)

First Character in Command Name

W

X

Last 2 Addresses

Word Pointing to Routine that isI Jumped to if “Name” is Typed

Next Command Name Length or

“00” f N o More Command Names

CRC Bytes

DOS Conventions

Locations 0 and 1contain the word hex 55AA.


cartridge during the configurationdetermination

portion of the power-on routines.Location 2 contains a length indicator representing

the entire address space taken by the ROM on the


contents of this byte is (length/512). The contents

of this byte is used by the CRC routine to determine

how much ROM to check.

Location 3 contains a ’jump ’ to the initialization

code for this ROM. (May just be a ‘Far Return’)Starting at location 6 may be a sequence of

command name pointers consisting of 1 Count of

length name, 2: Name in ASCII, and 3: Word

2-110 Program Cartridge

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containing offset within this segment to the codethat is entered when this name is called. There can

be as many names as desired, providing that a hex

00 is placed in the count field following the last

name pointer. If a cartridge has a routine called

’TEST ’ at location hex OFBS (offset from start of

segment.that the cartridge is in) that needs to be

executed when ‘test is entered as a DOS command

the entry at location 6 would be hex

04,54,45 ,53,54,BSOF.

CRC bytes: The last two locations of the address

space used by the cartridge must be blank. CRC

characters will be placed in these bytes when the

cartridge is built. See the routine at label “CRCCheck”, in the BIOS listing for the CRC algorithm.

C. The following conventions will be followed for

cartridges that wish to be recognized by “Cartridge

BASIC” as containing interpretable-BASIC Code:

The cartridge-chip selects must address hex DOOOO

since the BASIC cartridge addresses hex E0000.When “Cartridge BASIC” is activated, it will check

for a second cartridge program at hex D0000. If the

second cartridge is present and formatted properly,

then the BASIC code is loaded into RAM and run.

The format for this interpretable-BASIC code must

be as follows:

Program Cartridge 2-1 11

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_ _ ~ ~ ~~

Location

0

12

I 3 I OCBH

~~ ~ ~

Contents

055H

OAAHLength

4

5

OAAH

055H

7

I6

O F F H if unprotec ted Basic prog ram

I o r OFEH if protected Basic prog ram

0

8

O FFH Pa dd ing t o nex t 2048 bytebounda r y

S t a r t of interpretable Basic code

I Last 2 Addresses I CRC Bytes

Cartr idge Format

1. Locations 0 and 1 contain the word hex 55AA.


cartridge during the configurationdetermination

portion of the power-on routines.

2. Location 2 contains a length indicator representing

the entire address space taken by the ROM on the


contents of this byte is (length/512). The contents

of this byte is used by the CRC routine to determine

how much ROM to check.

3. Location 3 must be hex OCB for a 'far return'instruction.

2-1 12 Program Cartridge

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4. Locations 4 and 5 contain the word hex AA55.This is used as a test for the presence of the second

cartridge by “Cartridge Basic”.

5 . Location 6 must be a 0 to follow the DOS

conventions.

6. Location 7 can be either hex FF to indicate anunprotected BASIC program, or hex FE to indicate

a protected program.

It must be interpretable Basic and not compiled.

Also, at the end of the program PAD to the next

2048 byte boundary with hex OFF.8. CRC bytes: The last two locations of the address

space used by the cartridge must be blank. CRCcharacters will be placed in these bytes when the

cartridge is built. See the routine at label “CRC

Check”, in the BIOS listing for the CRC algorithm.

7 . Location 8 must be the start of the BASIC program.


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ROM Module

The ROM modules used are 250 ns devices. Typical

modules are the Mostek MK37000 and MK38000, the

TMM 23256, the SY23 128, and other compatible

devices.I

csocs1

c s 2c s 3

c s 4c s 5

CS6cs7

HexAddress Space

XX

D0000-D7FFFD8000-DFFFF

E0000-E7FFFE8000-EFFFF

F0000- F7 F F FF8000-FFFFF

Typical Use

.Not UsedNot Used

Optional Cartridge ROM #2Optional Cartridge ROM # 1

Standard Cartridge ROM #2Standard Cartridge ROM I

System Board ROM #2System Board ROM I

ROM Chip Select Table

Signal 1/0 Description

A0 - A14 0 Processor Address lines A0 - A14

DO - D7 I Processor Data lines


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-cs2T H R U-cs7

0 These chip-select lines are used to

select ROM modules at different

addresses. The addresses for each

chip-select are shown in the ROM-chip

select-table. -CS6 and -CS7 are usedon the system board for BIOS,

Power-On-Self-Test (POST) and

cassette-basic ROMs. In order to use

these chip selects on a cartridge,

-BASE 1 ROM IN CARTRIDGE or

-BASE 2 ROM IN CARTRIDGE must

be pulled 'low I

-BASE 1

ROM INCARTRIDGE

I This line when pulled I low I instructs

the system board to de-gate the ROM

module from hex FSOOO - FFFFF on

the system board. This ROM module

can then be replaced by a ROM

module on the cartridge by using -CS7.

-BASE 2 ROM I This line when pulled low I instructs

IN the system board to de-gate the ROM

CARTRIDGE module from hex FOOOO - F7FFF on

the system board. This ROM module

can then be replaced by a ROM

module on the cartridge by using -CS6.

ProgramCartr idge 2-1 15

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. . . . .A 1 A 2 A 3 A 4 A 5 A 1 8

Top o f Cartridge

Momentary Reset Land

GND

-cs7-cs3A 14

A 12

A 4

A3 B10

A2 __I t

GND

CARTRIDGE RESET TAB

-c55

-BASE 1 R OM I N CARTRIDGE

A 13

A 8A 9

A1 1

-BASE 2 ROM IN CARTRIDGE

A1 0

D 7

A1

A 0

-c52

-CS6 -c54

+ 5 v + 5 v

Connector Specification


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6 1 Opposite 618Address Side

FOOOO

Cartridge R O M Locations

A 1 8

ROM Cartridge

Address

E8000

Address

EOOOO


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2 Resistive Inputs Joystick

2 Resistive Inputs JoystickIC

I/OWrite -

+From Left

t

A N D

2 But ton Inputs From Left Joystick

Convert

Resistance

to Digital

Pulse

Games Interface Block Diagram

c s

110 A N D + Data Bus

Reads Buffer/

Driver

Data Bus 0-74

_1

Any program application must first begin the

conversion by an I OUT to address hex 201. An ' IN 'from address hex 201 will show the digital pulse go

I high and remain I high ' for the duration according to

the resistance value. All four bits (Bit 3 through Bit 0) .

function in the same manner. Each bits digital pulse

goes high simultaneously and resets independently

according to the input resistance value.

4

4

-

2-120 Games Interface

2 Button Inputs From Right JoystickA

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Input from Address Hex 201

Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0

fDigital Inputs

Input From Address Hex 201

Joystick B Joystick A Joystick B

Button Button Button Button Coord. Coord.

#2 #I #2 #1 Y X

Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2

tResistive Inputs

Joystick A

Coord. Coord.

Y X

Bit 1 Bit 0

Joysticks typically have one or two buttons and twovanable resistances each. The variable resistances aremechanically linked to have a range from 0 to lOOkohms. One variable resistance indicates the Xcoordinate and the other variable resistance indicatesthe Y coordinate. The joysticks are attached to give thefollowing input data:

~~ ~~ ~

Joysti ck Input Data

Games Interface 2-121

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The game paddles have one button each and one

variable resistance each. The variable resistance is

mechanically linked to have a range from 0 to lOOk

ohms. The paddles are attached to give the following

input data.

Buttons

Paddle Paddle Paddle Paddle

D C B A

Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4

Coordinates

Paddle Paddle Paddle Paddle

D C B A

Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0

Pushbuttons

The pushbutton inputs are Iread I by an ' IN I from

address hex 201. These values are seen on data bits 7

through 4. These buttons default to an 'open' stateand are I read I as 1. When a button is pressed, it is

'read' as 0.

Note: Software should be aware that these buttons

are not debounced in hardware.

Joystick Positions

The joystick position is indicated by a potentiometer for

each coordinate. Each potentiometer has a range from

0 to lOOk ohms that varies the time constant for each

of the four one-shots. As this time constant is set at

different values, the output of the one-shot will be of

varying durations.

All four one-shots are fired simultaneously by an

'OUT to address hex 201. All four one-shot outputs


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will go I true' after the fire pulse and will remain

'high' for varying times depending on where each

potentiometer is set.

These four one-shot outputs are I read by an ' IN '

f rom address hex 201 and are seen o n data bits 3through 0.

Joystick

Signal Name Pin

KeYPllJg

LOGIC GND

t-AX1S R ESISTANC E

p-, +5v

I-,SHIELD GND

Number

A04

BO 1

System

Board

X-AXIS RESISTANCE

SWITCH

SWITCH BO4

Connector Specification

Games Interface 2-1 23

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Notes:

I


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Serial Port (RS232)

The PCjr serial port is fully programmable and supports

asynchronous communications only. It will add and

remove start bits, stop bits, and panty bits. Aprogrammable baud-rate generator allows operation

from 50 baud to 4800 baud. Five, six, seven or eight

bit characters with 1, 1-1/2, or 2 stop bits are

supported. A fully-prioritized interrupt-system controls

transmit, receive, line status and data-set interrupts.

Diagnostic capabilities provide loopback functions of

transmit/receive and input/output signals.

The nucleus of the adapter is a 8250A LSI chip or

functional equivalent. Features in addition to those

previously listed are:

Full double-buffering eliminates the need for precise

synchronization

Independent receiver clock input

Modem control functions: clear to send (CTS),

request to send (RTS), data set ready (DSR), data

terminal ready (DTR)

Even, odd, or no-parity-bit generation and detection

False start bit detection

Complete status reporting capabilities

Line-break generation and detection

Break, parity, overrun, and framing error simulationFull prioritized interrupt system controls

All communications protocol is a function of the system

ROM and must be loaded before the adapter is

operational. All pacing of the interface and control-

signal status must be handled by the system software.

It should be noted that Asynchronous (Async)

receive operations cannot overlap diskette operationsince all but the Diskette Interrupt are masked 'off I

during diskette operations. If Async receive

Serial Port 2-125

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operations are going to be overlapped with keyboard

receive operations, the Async Receiver rate cannot

exceed 1200 baud. This is due to the processor

deserialization of the keyboard. See IBM PCjr

Cordless Keyboard in this section for more information.

Programming Note: Due to the read/write cycle-time of

the 8250A, it is recommended that back-to-back 1 /0

operations to the 8250A be avoided. A good

Programming Technique would be to insert a short

'jump ' between every consecutive 8250 1/0

instruction. This action will flush the queue and

provide 15 clock periods between 1/0 operations.

I

Note: This note only applies to programmers using

the 8250A directly. It is STRONGLY suggested

that the user not communicate directly with the

physical hardware, but use the system BIOS instead.

Note: It is important to note that when the IBM

PCjr has the Internal Modem installed it is logically

C O M l and the RS232 serial port is logically COM2

in BIOS, DOS, and BASIC. Without the Internal

Modem installed the RS232 serial port is logically

addressed as COMl in BIOS, DOS ,and BASIC

even though its address is still hex 2F8 using

Interrupt level 3.

The following figure is a Serial Port Block Diagram:

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Address A 0 Through A2

Data Bus

Interrupt

L

4

Baud Clock

1.7895

Cont ro l Signals

I Receivers' A I-

A 0 Through A2

DO Through D7

8250A

Asynchronous

Communications

Element

--I Drivers

b 16-Pin

Connector4

Serial Port Block Diagram

Serial Port 2-127

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Modes of Operation

1/0 Decode(in Hex)

The different modes of operation are selected by

programming the 8250A asynchronous communications

element. This is done by selecting the 1 /0 address (hex

2F8 to 2FF) and I writing I data out to the card.

Address bits AO, Al , and A2 select the different

registers that define the modes of operation. Also, the

divisor-latch access-bit (bit 7) of the linexontrol

register is used to select certain registers.

Register Selected

2 F 82 F 82 F 82 F 92 F92 F A

2 F B2 F C2 F D2 F E2 F F

TX BufferR X BufferDivisor Latch LSBDivisor La tch M SBInterrupt Enable RegisterInterrupt Identif icat ion

RegistersLine Co ntro l Regis te rM od em Co nt ro l Regis te rLine S ta tu s Regis te rM ode m Sta tu s Regis te rSc ratch Register

DL AB State

DLAB=O (W ri te )D LA B - 0 ( R e a d)D L A B = lD L A B = lDLAB=O(Don’ t Care )

( D on’ t C a r e )( D on’ t C a r e )(Don’ t Care)(Don’ t Care)(Don’ t Care )

1/0 Decodes

Address Range hex 2F8 - 2FF

Note: The state of the divisor-latch access-bit

(DLAB), which is the most-significant bit of the

line-control regster, affects the selection of certain

8250A registers. The DLAB must be set ’ high ‘ by

the system software to access the

baud-rate-generator divisor latches.

2-128 Serial Port

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Interrupts

One interrupt line is provided to the system. This

interrupt is IRQ3 and is 'positive active I . To allow the

serial port to send interrupts to the system, bit 3 of the

modem control register must be set to 1 'high I . Atthis point, any of the following interrupt types

'enabled' by bits in the interruptenable register will

cause an interrupt: Receiver-line status, Received Data

available, Transmitter-Holding-Register empty, or

Modem Status.

Interface DescriptionThe communications adapter provides an EIA RS-232Celectrically-compatible interface. One 2 by 8-pin Berg

connector is provided to attach to various peripheral

devices.

The voltage interface is a serial interface. It supports

data and control signals as follows:

Pin A04Pin A 0 8

Pin A 0 3Pin A07Pin A 0 6

Pin A05

Pin A02Pin BO1

Pin B02-BO8

Transmit Data

Receive Data

Request to Send

Clear to Send

Data Set Ready

Signal Ground

Carrier Detect

Data Terminal Ready

Shield Ground

The adapter converts these signals to/from TTL levels

to EIA voltage levels. These signals are sampled or

generated by the communications-control chip. These

Serial Port 2-129

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signals can then be sensed by the system software to

determine the state of the interface or peripheral

device.

Interchange Binary SignalVolt age State Condition

Positive Voltage = Binary (0) = Spacing

Negative Voltage Binary ( 1 ) = Mark ing

Note: The above nomenclature describes the

communications adapter as a DTE (Data Terminal

Equipment) device. Suitable adapters must be used

to attach other devices such as serial printers.

Inter faceControlFunction

= O n

= Off

Note: Ring Indicate is not supported on the PCjr .

Voltage Interchange Information

0 Vdc I n v a l i d L e v e ls

Th e signal will be considered in the 'm ar ki ng 'condit ion when the vol tage on the interchange circui t,

measured at the interface point , is more negative than

2-130 Serial Port

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-3 Vdc with respect to signal ground. The signal will be

considered in the Ispacing condition when the voltage

is more positive than +? Vdc with respect to signal

ground. The region between + 3 Vdc and -3 Vdc is

defined as the transition region, and considered an

invalid level. The voltage which is more negative than

-15 Vdc or more positive than +15 Vdc will also be

considered an invalid level.

During the transmission of data, the marking I

condition will be used to denote the binary state 1, and

the ‘spacing’ condition will be used to denote the

binary state 0.

For interface control circuits, the function is ’ on I

when the voltage is more positive than + 3 Vdc with

respect to signal ground and is ‘off’ when the voltage

is more negative than -3 Vdc with respect to signal

ground.

For detailed information regarding the INS8250A

Communications Controller, refer to“Bibliography”.

Output Signals

Output 1 (OUT l ) , Pin 34: Output 1 of the 8250A is

not supported in PCjr hardware.

Output 2 (OUT 2) , Pin 31: Output 2 of the 8250A is

not supported in PCjr hardware.

Accessible Registers

The INS8250A has a number of accessible registers.The system programmer may access or control any of

Serial Port 2- 131

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the INS8250A registers through the processor. These

registers are used to control INS8250A operations and

to transmit and receive data. For further information

regarding accessible registers, refer to

‘ Bibliography”

INS8250A Programmable Baud RateGenerator

The INS825OA contains a programmable baud rate

generator that is capable of taking the clock input

(1.7895 MHz) and dividing it by any divisor from 1 to(65535). The output frequency of the Baud Rate

Generator is 16 x the baud rate [divisor number =

(frequency input) / (baud rate x 16) . Two 8-bit

latches store the divisor in a 16-bitBnary- format.

These divisor latches must be loaded during

initialization in order to ensure desired operation of the

baud rate generator. Upon loading either of the divisor

latches, a 16-bit baud-counter is immediately loaded.This prevents long counts on initial load.

The following figur: illustrates the use of the baud rate

generator with a frequency of 1.7895 MHz. For baud

rates of 4800 and below, the error obtained is minimal.

Note: The maximum operating frequency of the

baud generator. is 3.1 MHz. In no case should thedata rate be greater than 4800 baud.

2-132 Serial Port

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DesiredBaudRate

~~~

50

75110134.5

150

300

600

1200

1800

20002400

3600

4800

Divisor Used toGenerate 16x Clock(Decimal) (Hex)

2237

14911017

832746

373

186

93

62

5647

31

23

8BD

5D31Al16712c

175

BA

5D

3E

382F1F17

Percent Error Per BitDifference BetweenDesired and Actual

.006

.017

.023

.054-050

.050

.218

.218

.218

.140-855

.218

1.291

Baud Rate at 1.7895 MHz

Note: These divisions are different than that used

in the IBM Personal Computer. For portability, all

initialization should be done through the system

BIOS.

Note: Receive rates should not exceed 1200 baud if

the receive operation is overlapped with keyboard

keystrokes.

The following Assembly language sample programinitializes the 8250. The baud rate is set to 1200 baud.

It’s data word is defined: 8 bits long with 1 stop bit odd

parity.

Serial Port 2-133

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BEGIN PROC

MOV

MOV

OUT

JMP

MOVMOV

OUT

JMP

MOV

MOV

OUT

JMP

MOV

MOV

UNUSED - 1 B1

DTR -RTS -

TRANSMIT DATA - 4 84

CARRIER DETECT -DSR -CTS -

RECEIVE DATA - 8 8 8

OUT

JMP

MOV

IN

- HIELD GN D

- OGICGND

- OGICGND

- OGIC GND

- OGICGND

- OGICGND

- OGICGND

- OGIC GND

NEAR

AL.80H

DX.2 FB H

DX,AL

$+2

DX.2 F8HAL,SDH

DX,AL

$+2

DX.2F9H

AL.0

DX,AL

$+2

DX,2 FBH

AL,OBH

DX,AL

$+2

DX.2 F8H

AL,DX

SET DLAB = 1

To Line Control Register

1/0 DELAY

Point to LSB of Divisor LatchThis is LSB of Divisor

11’0DELAY

Point to MSB of Divisor Latch

This is MSB of Divisor

I / O DELAY

Line Control Register

8 BitsI’Word, 1 Stop Bit,

Odd Parity, DLAB =0

1/0 DELAY

In Case Wri ting to Por t LCR Caused

Data Ready to go high

ENDP

BEGIN

Assembly Language Sample Program

2-134 Serial Port

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System Power Supply

The system power supply is a 33 Watt, three

voltage-level, two-stage supply. The first stage is an

external power transformer that provides a single-fuse

protected, extra low, ac-voltage output. The powercord is 3.08 meters (10.16 feet) long. The second stage

is an internal, printed-circuit board, which is vertically

mounted into the system board. The second stage

converts the transformer’s ac-output into three

dc-output levels.

The amount of power available on the 1/0 connector

for a machine that is fully configured with internal

features is 400 mA of +5 Vdc, 0 mA of +12 Vdc and 0

mA of -6 Vdc.

Power is supplied to the system board through a

printed-circuit-board edge-connector. The diskette

drive is powered through a separate four-pin connector

mounted on the front edge of the Power Board. Thepower for the diskette drive fan is provided by a

three-pin Berg-type connector mounted directly below

the diskette-drive connector. Power is removed from

the system board and diskette drive by a switch

mounted on the rear of the Power Board. Both the

switch and the transformer connector are accessible

from the rear of the system.

Power Supply 2-135

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Operating Characteristics

Power Supply Input Requirements

Voltage (Vac)

Nominal Minimum Maximum

120 104 127

Frequency Current (Am ps)

+.5 Hz Maximum

60 H z .65 at 104 Vac

Voltage ac

D.C Outputs

Nom inal Minimum Maximum

+5 '1.5 3.6+12 .04 1.2-6 0.0 .025

Current (Am ps)

+%

55

16

RegulationTolerance

Voltage dc

* There must be a minimum of a 1.5 Amp load on the

+5 Vdc output for the -6 Vdc to be present.

2-136 Power Supply

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Over-Voltage/ Over-Current Protection

120 Vac

Input (Transformer)

~

Non-reset ta ble FuseThermal/ Over-Current

5A Slo Blow

The following table describes the transformer input

protection:

outputV oltag es

I Voltage (N ominal) 1 Type Protection I Rating(Amps) 1

Over-Voltage Over-Current

+5 Vdc

12 Vdc

Output (Power Board)

"6.3 k . 7 Vdc

'14.4 2 1.4 Vdc

**3 .9? .25 Amps

2.2 k .9 Amps

The following table describes the Power Board's output

protection:

Protection ConditionI

~~

* Over-Voltage protection is provided by fuse Fl.

**Resettable by removing the fault condition and removingpower for at least 5 seconds and then applying power.

Output Protection

Power Supply 2-137

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Notes:

2-140 Power Supply

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SECTION 3. YSTEM OPTIONS

Contents

IBM PCjr 64KB Memory and Display Expansion 3-5

IBM PCjr Diskette Drive Adapter ........... 3-13

Digital Output Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-15

Floppy Disk Controller (FDC) . . . . . . . . 3-16 Programming Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-17

System 1/0 Channel Interface . . . . . . . . . . . 3-19

Functional Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-15

WatchDog Timer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-16

Comments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-16

Drive Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-22

Adapter Outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-22

Adapter Inputs ..................... 3-24 Voltage and Current Requirements . . . . . . . . 3-24

IBM PCjr Diskette Drive ................. 3-27 Functional Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-27

Diskette ................................ 3-31

IBM PCjr Internal Modem' ................ 3-33

Functional Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-34 Modem Design Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-37 Programming Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 4

Command Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 4 0Commands ........................ 3 4 2 Responses ........................ 3-59 Editing/Changing Command Lines . . . . . 3-59

Dialing and Loss of Carrier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-60

Status Conditions ..................... 3-60

3-1

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Default State .........................Programming Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Modes of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Interrupts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Data Format .........................

Interfaces ...........................8250A to Modem Interface . . . . . . . . . . .Telephone Company Interface . . . . . . . . .System 1 / 0Channel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3-63

3-63

3-68

3-70

3-70

3-70 3-70

3-74

3-74

IBM PCjr Attachable Joystick .............. 3-77 Hardware Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-77

Functional Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-77

IBM Color Display ....................... 3-81 Hardware Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-81

Operating Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-82

IBM Connector for Television ............... 3-85

IBM PCjr Keyboard Cord ................. 3-87

IBM PCjr Adapter Cable for SerialDevices . . 3-89

IBM PCjr Adapter Cable for Cassette . . . . 3-91

IBM PCjr Adapter Cable for the IBM ColorDisplay ................................ 3-93

IBM PCjr Parallel Printer Attachment . .. .. 3-95 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-96

System Interface ...................... 3-98

Programming Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-99

Command Definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-99

IBM Graphics Printer ....; .. . .... ... 3-107Printer Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-107

3-2

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DIP Switch Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-101

Parallel Interface Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3- 103 Data Transfer Sequence ..................... 3-103 Interface Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-104

Printer Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-106 Printer Control Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-107

IBM P C Com pact Printer ..................... 3-133 Printer Specifications ..................... 3- 135

Serial Interface Description ................Print Mode Com binations for the P C

Compact Printer ........................ 3-140 Printer Control Co des and Functions . . . . . . . 3-140

3- 139

3-3

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Notes:

3-4

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IBM PCjr 64KB Memory and DisplayExpansion

The 64KB Memory and Display Expansion option

enables the user to work with the higher density videomodes while increasing the system’s memory size by

64K bytes to a total of 128K bytes. The memory

expansion option plugs into the 44-pin memory

expansion connector on the system board. Only one

memory expansion is supported.

The Memory Expansion Option does not require the

user to reconfigure the system to recognize theadditiona1 memory.

Eight 64K-by-1, 150 ns, dynamic memory modules

provide 64K bytes of storage. The memory modules

are Motorola’s MCM6665AL15, and Texas

Instrument’s TMS4 164- 15, or equivalent.

When inserted, the memory expansion option uses the

ODD memory space, while the system memory is

decoded as the EVEN memory. Thus, when used as

video memory, the memory expansion option has the

video attributes while the on-board system memory has

the video characters. This arrangement provides a

higher bandwidth of video characters.

In addition to the eight memory modules, the expansion

card has logic to do the EVEN/ODD address decoding,

video data multiplexing, and a CARD PRESENT wrap.

Dynamic-refresh timing and address generation are

done on the system board and used by the memory

expansion option.

64KBMemory Expansion 3-5

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The following is a block diagram of the IBM PCjr

64KB Memory and Display E xpansion.

64K x 8 R A M CPU LATCH

DO-D7 ’ t Din D o u t ’ t

-

Gating -DISABL E E DATA

-DISABLE CAS0

-LCG

RAS, CAS, -WE,

AO, CPU DLY,

VIDEO MEMR

M E M AO-A7 t DR

CNTL

Memory Expansion Block Diagram

atch

_ G

3-6 64KB Memory Expansion

ACPU LA TCH

D

v

ATR LATCH

c

ATR

LATCH

~tDO-MD7

-+ Latch

G

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1 / 0 Descriptionignal

+ U S

+ A 0

I +Row Address Strobe.

This line is inverted and

then becomes the -RAS

for theRAM

modules.I Microprocessor Address

0. This is used to

determine whether the

microprocessor access is

from the system board

RAM (Low) or from the

expansionRAM (High).

-DISABLE EDATA 0 When the expansionRAM card is in and the

microprocessor is reading

an ODD byte of data the

expansion card tri-states

the latch for EVEN data

on the system board

using this line.

ATR LATCH I This signal indicates thatthe expansionRAMcard

should 'latch' up data

from the expansionRAMinto the attribute latch.

CRT information from

the attribute latch and go

to the Video Gate Array.

DO thru D7 1 / 0 These data lines are from

the microprocessor and

are bidirectional.

address lines for the

dynamic-RAM modules.

These lines aremultiplexed between row

address and column

MDO thru MD7 0 These data lines contain

MEM A0 thru A7 I These are the multiplexed

64KB Memory Expansion 3-7

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CPU DLY

address, and also

between microprocessor

and CRT addresses.

high t indicates a

MEMR is accessing thesystem board or

expansionRAMis being

accessed. This line along

with A0 determines if the

expansionRAMmicroprocessor latch

should I gate ' its data

onto the DO thru D7 Bus.

This line when I high

indicat that a

micr0%ocessor RAMcycle is occurring. It is

used to gate 'off I the

expansion RAM CAS or

used with A0 to generatethe -DISABLE CAS 0

signal.

disable the system board

CAS0 when a system

microprocessor I write is

occurring to the

expansionRAM. Thisline keeps the I write

from occurring to the

system board RAM.

I Column Address Strobe.

This line instructs the

expansion RAM to

I latch up the address on

the MEM A0 thru A7

address lines.

VIDEO MEMR I When this signal is

I

-DISABLE CAS 0 0 This line is used to

+CAS


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-LCG

GATE

-WE

CPU LATCH

-ATR CD IN

0 This line is used toinstruct the system board

that attributes or ODD

graphics data should be

'read' from the

expansionRAMcard for

use by the Video Gate

Array.

I This line is 'wrapped'

and becomes the -LCG

output.

memory that the cycle is

I This line instructs the

I

0

a microprocessor Iwrite I

cycle.

This line instructs the

exfansion RAM card to

I latch the data from

the expansion RAM into

the microprocessor latch.

This line is a wrap of the

ground line on theexpansion RAM card. It

pulls I down an 8255

input so that the

microprocessor can tell if

this card is installed or

not.


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The follow ing is the connector specifications for theIBM PCjr 64KB Memory and Display Expansion.

1System Board

Connector

6 4 K B Memory and Display Expansion

3-10 64KBMemory Expansion

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ConnectorPin

A 0 1

A02

A03

A04A05A06A07A08A09A10A1 1

A12A13A14A15A16A17A18

A19A20A 2 1

A22

Signal Name

+ R A SA 0

- D I S A B L EE D A T A

A T R L A T C HM D 4M D 5M D 6M D 7MDOM D lM D 2M D 3G N DvccD 7D 5D 3D l

M E M A 6M E M A 4M E M A 2M E M A 0


Signal Name

V I D E O M E M RC P U D LY

C A S 0- D I S A B L E

+ C A S-LCGG A T EG r o u n dG r o u n dG r o u n d

C P U L A TC H-A TR C D ING N DvccD 6D 4D 2DO

M E M A 7M E M A 5M E M A 3M E M A 1

-WE

~~ ~

ConnectorPin

BO 1

b02

b03

b04

b05

b06

b07

b08

b09

BlOB l lB12B13B14B15B16B17B18

B19B20B2 1

B22


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Notes:

1


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IBM P C r Diskette Drive Adapter

The diskette drive adapter resides in a dedicated

connector on the IBM PCjr system board. It is

attached to the single diskette drive through a flat,

internal, 60-conductor, signal cable.

The general purpose adapter is designed for a

doubledensity , Modified Frequency Modulation

(MFMkcoded, diskette drive and uses write

precompensation with an analog phase-lock loop for

clock and data recovery. The adapter uses the NECpPD765 or compatible controller, so the pPD765characteristics of the diskette drive can be programmed.

In addition, the attachment supports the diskette drive’s

write-protect feature. The adapter is buffered on the

1 / 0 bus and uses the system ROM BIOS for

transferring record data. An interrupt level is also used

to indicate an error status condition that requires

processor attention.

A block diagram of the diskette drive adapter follows.

Diskette Drive Adapter 3-13

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a CI E

-

a o 5a P

-00

n

a

a

3 14 iske vAdpe

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From a programming point of view, the diskette drive

adapter consists of a 4-5it digital output register (DOR)

in parallel with a NEC pPD765 or equivalent floppy

disk controller (FDC).

Digital Output Register

The digital output register (DOR) is an output-only

register used to control the drive motor and selection.

All bits are cleared by the 1/0 interface-reset line. The

bits have the following functions:

I/O Address Hex F2

Drive Enable

Reserved

Reserved

Reserved

Reserved

Watch Dog Timer Enable

* Watch Dog Timer Trigger

* FDC Reset

Digital Output Register

Bit 0 This bit controls the motor and enable

lines to the drive. When Ihigh' ( l ) , his

bit will turn 'on' the drive motor and

'enable' the drive. When 'low' (0), this

bit will turn 'off I the drive motor and

Idisable I the drive.

These bits are reserved.its 1-4

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a particular command. The main status register canonly be read and is used to facilitate the transfer of data

between the system microprocessor and FDC.

FDC Register 1 / 0 Address

Data Register hex F5Main Status Register hex F4

Programming Summary

The FDC is set up with the following Parameters during

system power up:

Parameter

Sector Size

Sec to r Co un t

Head U n load

H e a d S t e p R a t e

H e a d L o a d T i m e

F o r m a t G a p

W r ite G a p

N o n - D M A M o d e

Fil l by te fo r For m at

.~ ~

Power- up Condi t ion

hex 02 fo r 512 Byte Secto rs

9

hex OF - Has n o effect o n systemoperat ion.

hex D

hex 1

hex 50

hex 2A

hex 1

hex F6

Th is gives a s tep ra te of

6 milliseconds.

M in imum head load t ime .

FDC Power-up Parameters Setti ngs

Diskette Drive Adapter 3-17

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The IBM PCjr Diskette Drive Adapter and BIOS use

and support the following FDC commands:

Specify

Recalibrate

Seek

Sense interrupt status

Sense Drive status

Read data

Write data

Format a track

Note: Please refer to the Diskette section of theBIOS listing for details of how these commands are

used.

The following FDC hardware functions are not

implemented or supported by the IBM PCjr Diskette

Drive Adapter.

DMA data transfer

FDC interrupt

0 Drive polling and overlapped seek

FM data incoding

Unit select status bits

2 H ead s (1 per side)40 Cylinders (Tr ack s) / Sid e9 Sec to r s / Track512 Bytes /S ec torModi f i ed Frequency Modula t ion (MFM)

Diskette Format

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Value IConstant I

Not Applicable2 1 Milliseconds

500 Milliseconds

Head Load

Head Settle

M ot or Start

Drive Constants

Comments

1 .2.

3 .

4.

Head loads when diskette is clamped.Following access, wait Head Settle time before

RD/wR.

Drive motor should be 'off I when not in use. Wait

Motor Start time before RD/wR.

All system interrupts except IRQ6 must be

'disabled I during diskette data transfer in order to

prevent data under-run or over-run conditions from

occurring.

System I/O Channel Interface

All signals are TTL-compatible:

Most-Positive Up-Level + 5.5 VdcLeast-Positive Up-Level + 2.7 Vdc

Most-Positive Down-Level + 0 . 5 Vdc

Least-Positive Down-Level - 0 . 5 Vdc

The following lines are used by this adapter:

+DO thru 7 (Bidirectional, Load; 1 74LS,

Driver: 74LS 3-state)

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+ A0 thru 3

-1OW

-1OR

-RESET

+IRQ6

-DISKETTECARDINSTALLED

These eight lines form a bus through

which all commands, status, and data

are transferred. Bit 0 is the

low-order bit.

(Adapter Input, Load: 1 74LS)

These four lines form an address bus

by which a register is selected to

receive or supply the byte

transferred through lines DO-7. Bit 0

is the low-order bit.


The content of lines DO-7 is stored

in the register addressed by lines

AO-3 at the trailing edge of this

signal.


The content of the register addressed

by lines AO-3 is I gated onto lines

DO-7 when this line is 'active. I


A down level I aborts any operation

in process and I clears the digital

output register (DOR).

(Adapter Output, Driver: 74LS3-state)

This line is made I active ' when the

WatchDog timer times out.

(Adapter Output, Driver: Gnd.)

This line is pulled 'up' on'the

System Board and is wired to input

port bit PC2 on port hex 62 of the

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8255. This line is used by the

program to determine if the diskette

drive adapter is installed.

-Diskette C S (Adapter Input, Load: 1 74LS)

A9

DRQ 0

DACK 0

This line is shared with the modemCS line and is 'low I whenever the

microprocessor is doing IOR or IOW

to either the diskette adapter or the

modem. This line should be

conditioned with A9 being I low I to

generate a DISKETTE CS.


This line is the microprocessor

address line 9. When this line is

I low I and -DISKETTE CS is I low I

IOR and IOW are used by the

diskette adapter.(adapter Output, Driver: NEC ppd

765)

This output would indicate to a

DMA device on the external 1/0

Channel that the diskette controller

wants to 'receive' or 'transmit' a

byte of data to or from memory.

(Adapter input, Load: NEC ppd

765)

This line should come from an

external DMA and should indicate

that a byte is being transferred

from/to the Floppy Disk Controller

to/from memory.

DisketteDrive Adapter 3-21

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Drive Interface

ll signals are TTL-compatible:

Most Positive Up Level

Least Positive Up LevelMost Positive Down Level

+ 5.5 Vdc

+ 2.4 Vdc+ 0.4 Vdc

Least Positive Down Level - 0.5 Vdc

All adapter outputs are driven by active collector gates.

The drive should not provide termination networks to

Vcc (except Drive Select which has a 2,000 ohm

resistor to Vcc).

Each attachment input is terminated with a 2,000 ohm

resistor to Vcc.

Adapter Outputs

-Drive Select (Driver: MC3487)

This line is used to ' degate ' all

drivers to the adapter and receivers

from the adapter (except Motor

Enable) when the line is not

' active.

-Motor Enable (Driver: 74LS04)

-Step

The drive must control its spindle

motor to 'start ' when the line

becomes 'active' and 'stop' when

the line becomes ' inactive. '(Driver: MC3487)

The selected drive must move the

read/write head one cylinder in or

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-Direction

out as instructed by the Directionline for each pulse present on this

line.

(Driver: MC3487)

For each recognized pulse of thestep line the read/write head should

move one cylinder toward the

spindle if this line is active, and

away from the spindle if not-active.

-Write Data (Driver: 74LS04)

-Write Enable

For each I inactive to I active

transition of this line while Write

Enable is active , he selected

drive must cause a flux change to be

stored on the diskette.

(Driver: MC3487)

The drive must I disable I write

current in the head unless this lineis I active. '

-HEADSELECT 1 (Driver: MC3487)

This interface signal defines which

side of a two-sided diskette is used

for data recording or retrieval. Ahigh level on this line selects the

R/W head on the side 1 surface of

the diskette. When switching from

side 0 to side 1 and conversely, a

100 ps delay is required before any

I read I or write ' operation can be

initiated.

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Adapter Inputs

-Index The selected drive must supply

one pulse per diskette

revolution on this line.

The selected drive must make

this line 'active' if a

write-protected diskette is

mounted in the drive.

The selected drive must make

this line 'active if the

read/write head is over track

0.The selected drive must supply

a pulse on this line for each

flux change encountered on the

diskette.

-Write Protect

-Track 0

-Read Data

Voltage and Current RequirementsThe diskette drive adapter requires a voltage supply of

+5 Vdc +/- 5% and draws a nominal current of 525

mA and a maximum current of 700 mA.

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33

lloiaoooogsrooooan

System Board Opposi te SideConnector

1

Disket te D r ive Adapter

round - Odd Numbers- 1 Through 33

5

nused 2,4.6INDEX 8

c Unused 10

.c--DRIVE SELECT 12- nused 14 8

4 -MOTOR ENABLE 16 .4- -DIRECTION (Stepper Motor)- 18

*

+-, -STEP PULSE 20

4-.-WRITE DATA 224-J -WRITE ENABLE 24

TRACK 0 26---WRITE PROTECT 28 +30

*-------SELECT HEAD 1 32

nused 34-

--READ DATA

Diskette

Drive

(See

Note)

Diskette

Drive

Adapter

*

Note: Pin 5 is missing to match the key plug on the signal cable.

Con nector S pec i f ica t ions (Par t 1 o f 2)

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Signal Name Diskette Drive Adapter Signal Name

D 7 - + -

D 6 4 = *

D 5 - E-

GND

0 4 4

03-D2-

GND

D 1 - 5-

DO-IRQ6

-+DRQO .Lc

-DACKO +-5v

A 01

A05

A10

BO1

BO5

B10

815

Note: All levels are TTL compatible.

4 + 5 v- DISKETTE CS

-9* A 3

GND- 2

4 A1

+ A0

GND

4 -IOR

* - lowGND

+ CARD INSTL

4 -RESET

-+5V

Connector Specifi cations (Part 2 o f 2)

3-26 Diskette Drive Adapter

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IBM PCjr Diskette Drive

The system unit has space and power for one diskette

drive. The drive is double-sided with 40 tracks for each

side, is fully self-contained, and consists of a

spindle-drive system, a read- positioning system, and a

read/write/erase system.


The diskette drive uses modified frequency modulation(MFM) to read and write digital-data, with a

track-to-track access time of 6 milliseconds.

To load a diskette, the operator rotates the load lever at

the front of the diskette drive clockwise and inserts the

diskette into the slot. Plastic guides in the slot ensure

the diskette is in the correct position. Closing the load

lever centers the diskette and clamps it to the drive hub.

This same action also loads the Read/Write heads

against the surfaces of the diskette. The load lever is

mechanically interlocked to prevent closing of the lever

if a diskette is not installed.

The head-positioning system moves the magnetic head

to come in contact with the desired track of thediskette. Operator intervention is not required during

normal operation. If the diskette is write-protected, a

write-protect sensor 'disables ' the drive's circuitry,

and an appropriate signal is sent to the interface.

Data is read from the diskette by the data-recovery

circuitry, which consists of a low-level read-amplifier,

dif ferentiator,zero-crossing detector, and digitizing

circuits. All data decoding is done by the adapter card.

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The IBM PCjr Diskette Drive is equipped with a media

cooling fan, which gets its power from the power supply

board.

The diskette drive also has the following sensor

systems:

The track 00 sensor, senses when the head/carriage

assembly is at track 00.The index sensor, which consists of an LED light

source and phototransistor. This sensor is

positioned so that when an index hole is detected, a

digital signal is generated.

drive’s electronics whenever it senses a

write-protect tab on the diskette.

The write-protect sensor I disables the diskette

The drive requires power within the following

specifications

Specification I+5 Vdc Input I+12 Vdc Input

Nom ina l Supp lyRipple (0 t o 50 k H z )Tolerance ( Including Ripple)S tandby Cur ren t (Nominal )S tan dby Cur ren t (W ors t Case)

Opera t ing Cu r ren t (Nomina l )Opera t ing Cur ren t (W ors t Case)

+5 Vdc100 mV

+5600 m A700 m A

600 m A700 m A

+ I 2 V d c100 mV

+5%400 mA500 m A

900 m A2400 mA

Diskette Drive Power Specifications

For interface information refer to “Diskette Drive

Adapter” in this section.

For mechanical and electrical specifications see

Appendix D .

3-28 Diskette Drive

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Key Signal Cable Power

Slot Connector Conne_ ctor Fan Connector

2 34npposi te Side

Diskette Drive Connectors

Connector Specifications (Part I of 2)

Board+12Vdc

3 GND 3an

Connector Specifi cations (Part 2 of 2)

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Notes:

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Diskette

The IBM PCjr Diskette Drive uses a standard 133.4

mm (5 .25 in.) diskette. For programming

considerations, single-sided, double-density,soft-sectored diskettes are used for single-sided drives.

Double-sided drives use double-sided, double-density,

soft-sectored diskettes. The figure below is a simplified

drawing of the diskette used with the diskette drive.

This recording medium is a flexible magnetic disk

enclosed in a protective jacket. The protected disk, free

to rotate within the jacket, is continuously cleaned by

the soft fabric lining of the jacket during normal

operation. Read/write/erase head access is through an

opening in the jacket. Openings for the drive hub and

diskette index hole are also provided.

0.25 f 0.01 InchOxide Coated

.140 Inch

( 3 .5 6 mm) T (6.30 k 0.25 mm) Mylar Disk

Hole Aperture Index Hole

Recording Medium

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Notes:

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IBM PCjr Internal Modem

The IBM PCjr Internal Modem is a 65 mm (2.5 inch)

by 190 mm (7.5 inch) adapter that plugs into the PCjr

system board modem connector. The modem

connector is an extension of the system 1/0 bus. Allsystem control signals and voltage requirements are

provided through a 2 by 15 position card-edge tab with

0.254 cm (0.100-inch) spacing on the modem adapter.


The Internal Modem consists of two major parts: (1)

the INS8250A Asynchronous Communication Element,

and (2) the Smart 103 Modem. Therefore, the

INS8250A communications protocol is a function of

the system ROM BIOS, and is discussed later in this

section. All 'pacing ' of the interface and control-signal

status must be handled by the system software. After

the INS8250A is initialized, the modem is controlled by

ASCII characters transmitted by the INS8250A.

programming must be conside/d in two parts. The

Key features of the INS8250A used in the modem

adapter are:

Adds or deletes start bits, stop bits, and parity bitsto or from- he serial data stream

0 Full double-buffering eliminates the need for precise

synchronization

0 Independently-controlled transmit, receive, line

status, and data-set interrupts

Programmable baud-rate-generator allows division

of the baud clock by 373 (hex 175) for a 300-bpstransmission-speed or 1017 (hex 3F9) for a 110-bps

transmission-speed to generate the internal 16 x

clock

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Modem-control functions: Clear to Send (CTS),

Data Set Ready (DSR), Data Terminal Ready

(DTR), Ring Indicator (RI), nd Data Camer

Detect (DCD)

Fully-programmable serial-interf ace

characteristics:

- 7 , or %bit characters

- Even, odd, or no-parity bit generation and

detection

- 1 stop-bit generation

- Baud-rate generation

False-start bit detection

Complete status reporting capabilities

Line-break generation and detection

Internal-diagnostic capabilities

- Loopback controls for communications-link

fault-isolation

- Break, parity, overrun, framing-error simulation

Fully prioritized-interrupt system-controls

Key features of the Smart 103 Modem used on the IBM

PCj-Internal Modem are:

Direct connection to a telephone company line

through an FCC Part-68-approved permissive

connection

Compatible to Bell Series 100 originate/answer for

modulation and handshaking

All functions controlled by ASCII characters and

INS8250A modem-control lines

Uses modular phone-jack (USOC RJ11)

Data rate is either 300 or 110 bits-per-second

Auto/manual originate

Auto/manual answer

Communication mode is full duplex on two-wire,switched-network channels

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Auto dialer; either DTMF ([dual-tone

modulated-frequency] touch-tone) or pulse-dialing(rotary dial) by software commandTandem dialingCall-progress reportingDial-tone, ring-back tone, and busy-tone detection

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1 0 3 *Demodulator , c

-

J

IBM PCj r Internal Modem Block Diagram

r A

RJ11

Phone I

Jack

.

3-36 Internal Modem

Interface

Circuit

-

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Modem Design Parameters

The following tables describe the design parameters of

the Smart 103 Modem.

Dialer Type:

D T M F Dialing:

T w o m o de sI . F orc ed T ouc h-T one (D T M F ) d ia li ng2. For ced pulse dialing

T he AS CI I c ha ra c te r P (hex 50 o r 70 inth e dial s tr ing causes a delay of u p t o 10seconds while th e m od em is searchingfo r anoth er dial tone. A t ime o ut will

c ause t he m ode m to ha ng up a nd posts tatus . Th e ASC II characte r W (hex 57

or 7 7 ) in th e dial s tr ing causes a

5-second de ad wait before contin uing tod ia l . Mul t ip leASCII W’s will causemu ltiple waits.

Rate: 10 + I , -0 pulses per second

D ut y Cycle: 60% make, 40% breakInterdigit Delay: 800 m s I-t 50 ms

T o ne Dura t i on : 85 m s t 10 msIn te r tone Dura t ion : 80 ms I-t 10 m s

Dialer Parameters (Part 1 of 2)

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1one Pair Frequencies:IASCII Digit Code

0

1

234

5

6

789

#

*

Frequency (Hz)94 1 i336697 1209

697 1336697 1477770 1209770 1336770 1477852 1209852 1336852 1477

941

120994 1 1477

Dialer Parameters (Part 2 of 2)

Time Out Dura t ion : A da ta cal l will t ime out if an answerton e is not detecte d within 45 seconds ofth e last digit d ialed.

~ ~~~ ~ ~

Failed Call Time Out Parameter

Modula t ion : Conforms to Bell 103/ 113 specification usingbinary phase-coherent frequency shift keying( FS K ) .

Modu a on Pa ra meter

3-38 Internal Modem

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I Mode I Originating End I Answering End

T ra ns m i t 1070 S pa c e 2025 S pa c e1270 M ark 2225 M ark

Receive 2025 H z S pa c e 1070 H z S pa c e1270 H z M a r k225 H z M a r k

i

I Receive S ensitivity I M ore negative o r equal to -42 dBm. IReceive Sensitivity Parameters

Transmit ter Level F ixed a t -10 d B m as per FCC P a r t 68Permissive connect on.

I ITransmitter Level Parameter

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The modem and the IBM PCjr system can communicate

commands or data between each other. A n y commands

sent to the modem from the IBM PCjr are stripped

from the data stream and executed but are not

transmitted to the receiving station. The data is

transparent to the modem. The modem is capable of

causing hardware interrupts as the result of certain

conditions, and in response to queries for its status.

Commands to the modem are a sequence of characters

preceded by a single command character. Thecommand character tells the modem that the following

character sequence, until a carriage return, is a

command. The carriage return completes the command

sequence and causes the modem to execute the

commands. The command character (represented by

[cc] in thc following text) is programmable (with the

NEW command) to any ASCII character (hex 00 thru

7F). The default for the command character is Ctrl N

(ASCII hex OE).

Commands can occur anywhere in the data stream if

properly formatted but are not to be executed by the

modem until a carriage return is received.

Multiple commands are allowed if separated by commasand preceded by a single command character.

Command Format

The following is the command format that all

commands must follow.

[cc][command word][delimiter][arguments] [,more][CR]

where:

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[arguments]

[eel

[command word]

[delimiter]

is the single ASCII commandcharacter.

is the command word or the first

letter of the command word.

is always a space when separating

an argument and command word.Any spaces thereafter are ignored

until the modem sees a comma, an

argument or a camage return.

is a variable that is replaced by any

character allowed by the command

definition.

is any additional commands

preceded by a comma.

is a carriage return that completes

the command sequence and causes

the modeyfo execute the

commands.

The following are two examples of command format.

[cc] COUNT 5 [CR]

sample test [cc] VOICE, D (408)

555-1234,QUERY [CR]

Format Guidelines

1.

2.

3.

Commands can occur anywhere in the data stream if

properly formatted but are not be executed by the

modem until a carriage return is received.

Multiple commands are allowed if separated by

commas and preceded by a single

command-character.

Only the first character of the command word is

significant. All remaining characters are ignored up

to the first space following the command word. In

other words, the DIAL command and DUMMY are

treated identically.

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4. The modem does not discriminate between

upper-case and lower-case characters.

5 . There are three ways to send the current

command-character as data to a receiving station:

a. Consecutively sending it twice:

rcc1 cc1

This would send the character a single time.

b. Change the command character (with the NEWcommand) to another ASCII character and then

transmit the previous command-character.

c. Place the modem in the Transparent mode and

then transmit the character.

Commands

The commands that are used with the integrated

modem are listed on the following pages in alphabetical

order.

Each of the commands has its syntax described

according to the following conventions:

1. Words in capital letters are keywords. Only the first

letter of the keyword is required, the others are

optional.

2. You must supply any arguments which are inlower-case letters. Valid characters for arguments

are defined as:

m - ASCII decimal digits 0 to 9, *, #, I, P, and W

n - ASCII hexadecimal digits 0 to F

o - ASCII hexadecimal digits 0 to 9

p - any ASCII character

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3. All arguments are examined for validity. If extra

characters are used in an argument, the extra

characters are ignored. If the argument is invalid,

the command is ignored.

4. An ellipsis (...) indicates an item may be repeatedasmany times as you wish.

5. All command lines must begin with a command

character. The default command-character is

(CONTROL N).

6. Multiple commands separated by commas can

follow a single command-character.

An example of the DIAL command is given below:

Command format - DIAL m...m

Command line - DIAL 1 800 555 1234

If an invalid argument or no argument is given, the

command is not executed. Also, a question mark (?) is

given as the error response and the command line is

aborted.The commands are as follows:

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Format: ANSWER

A

Purpose: To logically take the phone off the hook and forceANSWER mode. This is logically like a manualanswer.

Format: Break n

Purpose: To send a space or break character for a durationequal to a m ultiple of 100 ms (n x 100 ms).

3-44

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Format: COUNTn

C n

Where n s the number of complete rings in the rangeof hex 0 to hex F.

When answering an incoming call, the modem

answers the phone after n complete incoming rings,

where n is any value from hex 0 to F.

A value of zero specifies that the modem not answeran incoming call, but still carry out any instructions

from the host.

When dialing, the modem waits n + 3 complete

ringbacks before cancelling the call.

If n exceeds 4, the 45-second abort timer cancels an

outgoing call with an "UNSUCCESSFUL" response

as more than seven ringbacks exceeds 45 seconds.

Purpose: Sets the ring count when the modem is answering an

incoming call or dialing a call.

Default: 0

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Format: DIAL m...m

D m...m

Where m...m is a dial string of ASCII decimal digits 0

through 9, *, #, I, P, and W. A maximum of 33

characters are allowed in the dial string. The first

character of the string defaults to P (a 10-second

delay while searching for the dial tone). W causes

the modem to delay five seconds, then continue

dialing.

W or P must start a string, can also occur anywhere

within a ssring, and causes the digits to be tone

dialed.

The characters * and # represent the two extra

buttons on a push-button phone, but may be used for

other things.

I causes the next digits to be pulse dialed. The I

stays in effect until a (P, ) , (W,),or end of command.

The modem then searches for line busy, ringing, or

incoming carriers while posting the status.

Purpose: To cause the modem to dial.

Default: P (10-second timeout). (If this command is used

without an argument, the last number dialed is

redialed once.)

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Format: FQRMATn

F n

Where n is one of the following:

n Parity Data Length Stop Bit

0 Mark 7 1

1 Space 7 1

2 Odd 7 1

3 Even 7 1

4 None 8 1

5-7 Reserved

The 8250A line control register (LCR) must specify

the same format as defined in the FORMAT ncommand to 'enable data/command

communication.

Do not combine this command with any other

commands except the SPEED command on a single

command line.

Note: If programming in BASIC, this command

must be used in addition to specifying the sameparity and data length in the BASIC 'open

statement.

Purpose: To change the parity and number of stop-bits being

transmitted at either end, to a new format.

Default: 3

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Format: HANGUP

H

Purpose: To perform a clean disconnect and go on-hook.Logically the same as manually hanging up.

Format:

Purpose:

INITIALIZE

I

This command is executed in 10 seconds and is thesame as a cold start. An "OK"response is notreturned after execution and the integrity test code inthe QUERY ommand is set.

Places the modem in the power-up default-state.

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Format: LONG RESPONSE o

L o

Where o is one of the following:

o Mode Responses

0 Verbose"BUSY '

"NO ANSWER''

NODIAL TONE""OK"

CONNECTED

WINGUNSUCCESSFUL

II I t? (Question

Mark)

1 Terse (Hex co de)3 0313 2333 435

3637

Note: The dial string is not echoed in the tersemode.

Purpose: M odifies message feedback. Information is posted inthe status area.

Default: 0 (Verbose mode)

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Format: MODEM

M

Purpose: Forces the modem into the data state where the

carrier is placed on the telephone line and proper

connection-protocols are followed.

This command is equivalent to ANSWER f the data

state started as autoanswer.

Format: NEWp

where p is any ASCII character.(hex OE)

Purpose: Changes the command character to an ASCII

character.

Default: Ctrl N (ASCII hex OE)

Format: ORIGINATE

0

Purpose: Logically takes the phone off-hook and forces the

ORIGINATE mode. Logically equivalent to manual

originate.

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Format: PICKUP

P

Purpose: Logically takes the phone off-hook and puts themodem in the voice state.

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Format: QUERY

Q

Purpose: To query the modem for its status information.

Possible characters returned by the modem are as

follows

Responses Meaning

HO or H1

SO to SF

Hook status: HO = on-hook, H1 =

Current ringcount setting in hex.

off -hook.

B Line busy.

D

L Successful dial and handshake.

N

X

Line dead: no dial-tone found or no

ring/no busy timeout after dialing.

Dial not recorded: dial tone present

after dialing.

No answer: ringcount plus 3

exceeded.

TO Integrity test passed.

T1 Integrity test failed.

The first group of characters is always returned for a

QUERY command. The second group of characters

is returned only after a dialing sequence has been

started or a change has occurred in the dialing status.

The third group of characters is returned when aTEST command has occurred. All characters except

the first group are erased by being read and do not

appear in response to the next QUERY unless the

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condition has recurred in the interim. The QUERYresponse overrides any incoming data from thetelephone line.

Format: RETRY

R

Purpose: When placed after a DIAL command, it causes themodem to execute up to 10 redials at a rate of oneper 40 seconds. The redials are triggered by a busy

detection after dialing.

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Format: SPEED o

so

Where o is one of the following:

o bps

0 - 110

. 1 - 300

2 - Reserved

Note: Do not combine this command with other

commands except the FORMAT command on a

single command line.

The SPEED command must be issued before the

8250A baud rate is changed.

Note: If programming in BASIC, this command

must be used in addition to specifying the same

bps rate in the BASIC ‘open’ statement.

Purpose: Sets the baud rate.

Default: I (300 bps)

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Format: TRANSPAREN n...n

T n...n

Where n...n is the number of bytes to transmit in therange of hex 0 to hex FFFF.

Purpose: Places the modem in the transparent mode for the

next n...n bytes.

The modem does not look for command sequences

but instead transmits every character it receives.

The argument can be up to four ASCII-coded hex

digits long. This provides a range of 65,536bytes.

If an argument is not included with the

TRANSPARENT ommand, the command is ignored

because it has no default.

The transparent mode is terminated when:

1. n...n characters have been transmitted.

2. Loss of carrier timeout.

3. INS8250A OUT 1 pin goes 'active. I (TheINS8250A -OUT 1 signal should remain

' active I until the transparent mode is

requested again.)

The modem exits the transparent mode before

processing the next complete character from the

host.

To re-enter the transparent mode, the sequence is:

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1. The INS8250A -OUT 1 pin changes to, or

remains in the 'inactive' state.

2. The command string containing the

TRANSPARENT ommand is issued.

An argument of 0 causes a permanent

transparent mode which can be exited by the

'INS8250A -OUT 1pin going 'active. '

Format: VOICE

V

Purpose: Forces the modem to the voice state where no tones

or carriers are placed or searched for on the

telephone line.

This state is used for voice communication, when the

modem is an autodialer or answering device only. It

is also necessary to be in the voice state to transmit

DTMF tone-pairs.

This command I disables the autoanswer function.

The status responses are:

1. If a busy signal is detected "BUSY OK".

2. Any other condition "OK ...(16

dots).. CONNECTED .

3-56 Internal Modem

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Format: WAIT

W

Purpose: Causes the modem to take no action, includingautoanswer, until the next command is received from

the host. All commands following the WAIT

command in a single command-line are ignored.

Format:

Purpose:

XMIT m...m

X m...m

Instructs the modem to transmit the DTMF

tone-pairs found in the argument string m...m. This

is only valid in the voice state. Delays between digits

can be caused by inserting W’s in the string.

Each W causes a five-second delay.

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Opposite Commands

The command line is scanned after its completion (after

[CR] is entered). Commands which cause an action

during the scan (for example, DIAL) are not candidates

for opposite treatment. Only commands which

'preset I a static condition can be opposites.

They include:

Count (n)Format (n)

New (PISpeed (n)Transparent n..nModem - Voice

two entries, latest are used


two entries, latest are usedtwo entries, latest are used


these are opposites on ly when

on-hook

Note: Answer and originate are not opposites; each

of these causes an action when scanned.

Status Conditions

The modem sends the host messages as defined in the

LONG RESPONSE command for dialing success or

failure. Hardware interrupts for carrier loss and

detecting incoming rings are provided on the 8250A.

Dialing and Loss of Carrier

The dialing process begins with the modem searching

for a dial tone if it is not in the blind dialing mode. If a

dial tone is not detected, the modem hangs up, the

appropriate status characters are posted, and the "NO

DIAL TONE" message is returned to the host.

If a dial tone is found, the modem continues to dial.

When a P is encountered in the dial string, the modem

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delays for up to 10 seconds to search for another dialtone and returns the "NO DIAL TONE" message to

the host if a dial tone is not detected. When a W is

encountered in the dial string, the modem delays for

five seconds before continuing to dial. Consecutive

W's are allowed in a dial string.

Anytime a P or W is not followed with an I in a dial

string, the next digits are tone-dialed. When an I

follows a P or W, all following digits are pulse-dialed

until a P, W, or end of command ([CR]) s detected.

The modem ignores any character except 0 through 9,

*, #, I, P, or W while dialing. This allows the user to

place parentheses and dashes in the dial string for

greater legibility.

The modem checks the telephone line again after it has

dialed the digits in the dial string. If a dial tone is found

immediately, the dialed digits are not recorded and the

modem posts this to the status characters, hangs up,and sends the "UNSUCCESSFUL" message to the

host. If the line is busy, this is also posted to the status

characters and the modem hangs up and returns the

BUSY message to the host. If the line is ringing, the

modem begins counting the number of rings. If this

count exceeds the value of COUNT + 3, the modem

hangs up and takes the same actions as above. If noanswer tone is detected within 45 seconds after

completion of dialing, the modem hangs up and takes

the same actions as above.

Finally, if the call is answered, the modem either looks

for a carrier and begins the handshake sequence (if it is

in the data or modem state) or remains silent (if it is inthe voice state). In the voice state, the modem looks

for busy, and transmits a response (1) when the line is

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found not busy, or (2) if it is found busy, in which case

it also hangs up and possibly dials again. In voice state,

ringback count and abort time out are not used.

If, during the process of establishing the data link after

dialing, the modem receives any character from the host

or - DTR goes 'inactive I , the modem aborts the call

with a clean disconnect, clears the balance of the

command line, and sends an OK message. Also, the

modem does not carry out the instruction sent from the

host, even if the character is a command character.

In the data state, the modem transmits a message aftersuccessful completion of the handshake, or after it has

determined that the handshake failed. An unsuccessful

handshake is evidenced by absence of carrier at the

proper time.

If a carrier drops out for more than two seconds in the

data state, the modem begins a timeout lasting

approximately 17 seconds. At the end of the timeout,

the modem hangs up. Any command received during

the 17 seconds resets the timer.

The modem does not automatically reestablish the

connection if the carrier returns after this dropout

interval. This allows the user or software to intercede

by commanding the modem to go into the voice state,to hang up immediately, or to take some other action.

The data connection may also be terminated by a

HANGUP command while carriers are still present. A

voice connection is always terminated by a HANGUP

command.

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Example 1:

OK [cc]Dial555-1234 [CR]NO DIAL TONE

O K

In this example, no dial tone is detected within

the time out period.

Example 2:OK[cc]Dial555-1234 [CR]

5551234.....................RING ................................. .CONNECTED OK

In this example, a modem answer tone is detected.

Example 3:

OK[cc]Dial1(301)555-1234 [CR]

13015551234.....BUSYOK

In this example, busy is detected.

3-64 Internal Modem

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Example 4:

OK[ccJDial 55 5- 1234 [ R ]5551234........RING.........................RING.. ..........................RING...................NO ANSWER

OK

In this exam ple, ring count is exceededbefore ringing stops.

Example 5:OK[cc]Dial555-1234 [ C R ]

5551234.........RING.........................................

......................... UNSUCCESSFUL

OK

............................................

In this exam ple, a failed-call time-out occurred because an

answer tone was not detected w ithin the allotted time.

Internal Modem 3-65

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Example 6:OK&]Dial 99PS.55-1234 [C R ]99.. .......................................................................NO DIAL TONE

OK

In this example, the second dial-tone is not detected within the

time out period.

Example 7:OK[cc]Dial99P421-7229 [ C R ]99........... BUSY

OK

In this example, busy is detected within the time-out period.

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Example 8:

OK[&]Dial 99wW555-1234 [CR]99.. .....................................................................................................................................................................................................

42 17229. . .RING

......................CONNECTED

OK

In this example, the access code is dialed and two dead waits are

performed. Then, the second number is dialed and a modem

answers.

Example 9:

OK[cc]Dial555-1234, Retry [ C R ]5 5 5 1234.................... BUSY555 1234.................BUSY555 1234............ .CONNECTED OK

In this example, the modem dials a number with auto redial.

The first two times, the number is busy.The third time, a modem answers.

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Modes of Operation

The different modes of operation are selected by

programming the 8250A Asynchronous

Communication Element. This is done by selecting the

1 / 0 address (hex 3F8 to 3FF) and writing data out tothe card.

The 8250A is externally programmed to provide

asynchronous, ASCII, 10 bit character length including

start, stop, and parity on the serial-output pin (SOU”,pin 11). The data rate is 110 or 300 bits-per-second.

The commands can be either upper-case or lower-case

characters. See the command, Format [n],earlier in this

section for additional information.

For further information refer to “Bibliography.”

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HexAddress

3 F 8

3 F 83F 83 F 93F9

3 F A

3 F B3 F C

3 F D3 F E3 F F

Register Selected

Transmit Buffer

Receive BufferDivisor Latch LSBDivisor Latch MSBInterrupt EnableInterrupt

1dent ifi cat ionLine Con t ro lM o d e m C o n t r o l

L ine S ta tu sM o d e m S t a t u sScra tch Pad

~~

Input/output

Write

R e a dWriteWri teWri teR e a d

Wri teWri te

R e a dReadWri te

Mode-1

xxxx75

01

OF

xx

1A01

xxxxxx

-

-

-2

xxxxF 903OFxx

0301

xxxxxx

-

-

Notes

*

******

* D L A B = 0 (Bit 7 in line control Register).* * D L A B = I (Bit 7 in line control Register).M o d e 1 - 300 BPS - 7 D at a Bits , 1 Stop Bit, Even Parity.M o d e 2 - 110 B P S - 8 D a ta Bits , 1 S t o p Bit , N o Parity.

8250A Register Description

Internal Modem 3-69

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Interrupts

Transmit Start

Data Bit

One interrupt line is provided to the system. This

interrupt is IRQ4 and is 'positive active. I The interrupt

enable register must be properly programmed to allow

interrupts.

Parity Stop

Bit Bit

Data Format

-

The data format is as follows:

DO D1 0 2 D3 D 4 D 5 D6 D7

~~~~~~ ~ ~

Transmitter Outpu t and Receiver Input Data Format

Data bit 0 is the first bit to be transmitted or receiyed.

The attachment automatically inserts the start bit, the

correct parity-bit if programmed to do so, and the stopbit.

Interfaces

8250A to Modem Interface

The following describes the 8250A to 103 modem

interface:

Signal Description

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INS8250A OUT 1 The I inactive I state enables

entry into the transparent

mode using the UNLISTEN

command. The 'active' state

Idisables the transparent

mode.

-OUT 2

S O D

-RTS

-DTR

SIN

-RI

-CTS

N o connection.

Serial output from the 8250A.

-Request To Send

No connection.

-Data Terminal Ready

1. To accept a command,

-DTR must be Iactive. I

2 . If -DTR goes 'inactive ,the modem does a clean

disconnect sequence.

3. In auto-answer mode, the

modem does not go

off-hook, but RI on the

8250A will be toggled if

the ringing signal is

present.

Serial input to the 8250A.

The ring indicator pulses with

an incoming ring voltage.

-Clear To Send

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-DSR

-RLSD

This line is wired active on

the modem adapter.

-Data Set Ready

This line is wired 'active on<themodem adapter.

-Received Line Signal Detect

When 'low I this line

indicates the data carrier has

been detected. If the carrier

drops out for longer than two

seconds, this line goes

'inactive and starts the

timeout timer.

-RESET, +=SET These lines are used to reset

or initialize the modem logic

upon power-up. These linesare synchronized to the falling

edge of the clock. Its

duration upon power up is

26.5 ms -RESET is active

low I . +=SET is active

high.

AO, I ,A2, 9

- M O D E M CSDISKETTE CS

Address bits 0 to 3 and bit 9.

These bits are used with

-MODEM CS to select a

register on the modem card.

This line is ' active for

addresses hex OF0 thru OFF

and 3F8 thru 3FF. It is gatedwith A9 in the 8250A to

exclusively decode hex 3F8

thru 3FF.

3-72 Internal Modem

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DO thru D7

-rOR

-1OW

BAUDCLK

Data bits 0 hru 7:

These eight lines form a bus

through which all data is

transferred. Bit 0 is the least

significant bit (LSB).

The content of the register

addresses by line A 0 thru A 2is gated onto lines DO thru D7

when this line is active ,

-MODEM CS is I active , and

A9 is Ihigh.'

The content of lines DO thru

S7 is stored in the register

addressed by A 0 thru A 2 at

the leading edge of this signal

when -MODEM CS is

I active ,and A9 is I high.

This is a 1.7895 MHz clock

signal used to drive the Baud

Rate Generator.

+MODEM INTR This line is connected to the

+IQFW4 on the 8259AInterrupt Controller.

-CARD INSTALL This line indicates to the

system BIOS that an IBM

PCjr Internal Modem is

installed in the feature

location.

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Telephone Company Interface

The telephone company interface is a 600 Ohm,

balanced, two-wire telephone-interface design that

meets the FCC Part 68 rules. A 2.13 meter (7 foot)

modular, elephone cord is included with the modemadapter.

Line-status detection of dial tone, ringback tone, busy,

and incoming ring is provided along with automated

routines which react to detected conditions.

The modem card has one USOC RJ11 jack.

System 1 / 0 Channel

The following shows pin assignments for the system

board modem connector. Pins AI to A15 are on the

component side.

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Telephone Cable/ onnector

uu

A 1

Ground ing Pin System Board Opposi te Side

Connector Connector

Internal Modem Connectors


TelephoneCable

UNUSED 1

UNUSED 2

RING 3-

TIP 4

UNUSED 5

UNUSED 6

Connector Specifications (Part 1 of 2)

Modem

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Signal Name Internal Modem Signal Name

+5Vdc +- BO1 A01- 7

-MODEM CS/DISKElTE CS - 6

A9

-5

~

I

-RESET GND

GND 605 A05 C D 4

A2 f - 3

610 A10

GND

-CARD INSTALL

- 2

- ND- 1

C DO

-ODEM INTERRUPl

- ND

- AUDCLK

+XRESET +5 Vdc

+5 Vdc 615 A15 +12Vdc

1 levels are LSTLL compatible.

Con nector Specification s (Part 2 of 2)

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IBM PCjr Attachable Joystick

The Attachable Joystick is an input device intended to

provide the user with two-dimensional

positioning-control. Two pushbutton switches on the

joystick give the user additional input capability.

Hardware Description

Two modes of operation of the joystick are available.

In the “Spring Return” mode the control stick returns

to the center position when released. The “FreeFloating” mode allows smooth, force free operation

with the control stick remaining in position when

released. Selection of these modes can be made for

each axis independently. Two controls are provided for

individual adjustment to the electrical center of each

axis.


Positional information is derived from two

potentiometers Rx and Ry. The resistance of these

potentiometers will vary from 0 to lOOK ohms

nominally as the position of the control stick moves

from left to right (X-axis) and from top to bottom

(Y-axis). A linear taper is used on the potentiometers

so that a linear relationship exists between angular

displacement of the stick and the resulting resistance.

Electrical centering for each axis is accomplished with.

the controls by mechanically rotating the body of the

potentiometer. Adjustment in this manner has the

effect of varying the minimum and maximum resistance

relative to the extremes of the angular displacement.

The two pushbuttons provided on the joystick are

single-pole, single-throw, normally-open pushbuttons.

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The following are the logic diagram and specif ica tiomfor the tw o A ttachable Joystick connectors.

64-S10-0Switch 1 * a

0Switch 2

B 3 - S 2 0 41

Attachable Joystick Logic Diagr am

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Attachable Joystick Connector

-Eoystick

X-AXIS RESISTANCE

SWITCH

SWITCH BO4


Keyplug

A04 System

BO1 Board

LOGIC GND

Y-AXIS RESISTANCE

+5 vSHIELD GND


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Notes:

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IBM Color Displayd

The IBM Color Display is a Red/Creen/Blue/Intensity(RGB1)-Direct-Drive display, that is independently

housed and powered.

Hardware Description

The IBM Color Display's signal cable is approximately

1.5 meters ( 5 feet) in length. This signal cable must be

attached to the IBM PCjr with the IBM PCjr Adapter

Cable for the IBM Color Display which provides a

direct-drive connection from the IBM PCjr

A second cable provides ac power to the display from a

standard wall outlet. The display has its own power

control and indicator. The displaywill accept either

120-volt 60-Hz power or 220-volt 50-Hz power. The

power supply in the display automatically switches tomatch the applied power.

The display has a 340 mm (13 in.) CRT. The CRT and

analog circuits are packaged in an enclosure so the

display may be placed separately from the system unit.

Front panel controls and indicators include: Power-On

control, Power-On indicator, Brightness and Contrast

controls. Two additional rear-panel controls are theVertical Hold and Vertical-Size controls.

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Operating Characteristics

Screen

High contrast (black) screen.Displays up to 16 colors.

Characters defined in an 8-high by 8-wide matrix.

Video Signal

Maximum video bandwidth of 14 MHz.Red, green, and blue video-signals, vertical sync,

horizontial sync, and intensity are all independent.

All input signals are TTL compatible.

Vertical Drive

Screen refreshed at 60 Hz with 200 vertical lines of

resolution.

Horizontal Drive

0 The horizontal drive frequency is 15.75 kHz.

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\

IBM Color

Display

\

Ground 1

Ground 2

Red 3

t lue . 5

Not Used 7

Horizontal Drive 8

I Vertical Drive 9

-- reen 4 9-Pin

-ntensity 6

Connector

A-

Color Direct-

Drive 9-Pin

D-Shell

Connector

Color- Display Connector


Color Display 3-83

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Notes:

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IBM Connector for Television

The Connector for Television is a sealed Radio

Frequency (RF) Modulator that imposes the composite

video and audio signals onto the RF carrier-wavesupplied by the modulator. The connector unit has two

two-position switches. One switch selects between the

computer’s signal or the standard-TV signal from an

antenna as the input to the TV. The other switch

selects either channel 3’s or channel 4’s carrier-wave

frequency for input to the TV. This allows users to

select the weaker TV channel for their area reducing

the amount of interference with the computer’s input

signal. Signal input from the computer is provided by a

five-conductor cable with a six-pin IBM PCjr-dedicated

connector. Two spade-lug terminals provide for

TV-antenna-cable connection. One twin-lead flat-type

TV-cable provides input to the TV.

The following is the connector specifications for theIBM Connector for Television.

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Connector fo r TV Connector

System Unit

Connector

+12Volts Logic G N D

Audio

Video A 3 B 3 Shield GN D


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IBM P C r Keyboard Cord

The IBM PCjr Cordless Keyboard can be attached to

the PCjr using the optional Keyboard Cord. The

Keyboard Cord is a 1.8 meter (6 foot), two twisted-paircable, with a six-position RJ1 1-type connector for the

keyboard and a six-position Berg-type connector for

the system unit.

The Keyboard Cord option should be used in an

environment that is unfavorable for use of the infra-red

link. For instance, brightly lit high-intensity light areas,

or multiple IBM PCjr areas where keyboards can

conflict with one another.

Insertion of the cord's keyboard connector into the

keyboard actuates switches internal to the keyboard.

The switches Ideactivate I the IR transmitter by

removing the power supplied by the keyboard's

batteries. The system unit's infra-red (IR) receivercircuit is 'disabled' by the -CABLE CONNECT

signal, supplied when the system-unit end of the cord is

connected.

The following figures show the connector specifications

for the Keyboard Cord.

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Keyboard Cord Connectors

Signa Name Pin Number-eyboard

-onnector Specifications

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IBM PCjr Adapter Cable for SerialDevices

The Adapter Cable for Serial Devices is a 72 mm(3-inch) long, nine-conductor cablederminated with a

1&position Berg-type connector and a 25-pin

“D”-shell connector. This cable allows serial devices

that terminate with a standard EIA-RS232C 25-pin

“D”-shell connector to be connected to the IBM PCjr.


for the Adapter Cable for Sehal Devices.

25-Pin D-Shell 1

Connector

Adapter Cable for Serial Devices

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System

Connector Cable

a

25-Pin D-Shell

Connector

- 0- 4

- 2

- 8

- 6

- 5

-3

- 1

- 7

No t Used

DATA TERMINAL READYREQUEST TO SEND

TRANSMIT DATA

CARRIER DETECT

DATA SET READY

A 7 CLEAR TO SEND

A 8 RECEIVE DATA

SHIELD GN D

SIGNAL GNDB 3 - 08 No t Used


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IBM PCjr Adapter Cable for Cassette

This option is an adapter cable that allows connection

of a cassette recorder to the IBM PCjr cassette

connector.

The cassette recorder to be connected must use the

following type connectors:

Belden Style-51 miniture phone-plug (Auxiliary)

Belden Style-51 miniture phone-plug (Earphone)

Belden Style-56 subminiture phone-plug (Remote)


for the Adapter Cable for Cassette.

Adapter Cable for Cassette Connectors

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EARPHONE

MIC REMOTE GND

REMOTE A 4 SHIELD

Aux. (Red)

Gnd

Connector Specifications (System End)

(Part 1 of 2)

A1

Iystem

Connector Pin

Iassette Connector

II [ Signal I 8 2 I

Signal

Ear (Black)

Signal

Gnd

Remote (Gray)

Connector Specif ications (Recorder End)

(Part 2 of 2)

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IBM PCjr Adapter Cable for the IBMColor Display

This adapter cable allows the IBM Color Display to beconnected to the IBM PCjr.


for the adapter cable for the IBM Color Display.

Color Direct-

Drive 9-Pin

D-Shell

Connector

Adapter Cable for IBM Color Display Connectors

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A 1

A2 .A 3

A4

A 5

A 6

A 7

A8

A 9

6162

63 I

64

65

66

67

68 I

69

9-Pin Color

Display Connector

Not Used

Not UsedNot Used

Red

Green

Blue

Intensity

Not Used

Not Used

VerticalNot Used

Horizontal-

Not Used

Ground

Not Used

Not Used

Not Used

Ground

8

2

1

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IBM PCjr Parallel Printer Attachment

The Parallel Printer Attachment is provided to attach

various 1/0 devices that accept eight bits of parallel

data at standard TTL-logic levels. The card measures76mm (3 inches) high by 244mm (9.6 inches) long.

The Parallel Printer Attachment attaches as a feature to

the right-hand side of the system unit. It connects to

the 60-pin Input/Output (I/O) connector where power

and system-input signals are received. A parallel

printer attaches to the Parallel Printer Attachment

through a 25-pin female “D”-shell connector located

on the rear edge of the attachment, where a cable and

shield can be attached. The logic design is compatible

with the IBM Personal Computer printer adapter.

The attachment card has 12 TTL buffer-output points

which are latched and can be written I and ‘read

under program control using the processor I IN I orI Out I instructions. The attachment card also has five

steady-state input-points that may be I read I using the

processors’ IN instructions.

In addition, one input can also be used to create a

processor interrupt. This interrupt can be Ienabled ’and I disabled I under program control. Reset I from

the power-on circuit is also ORed with a

program-output point allowing a device to receive a

power-on ‘reset when the processor is ‘reset.

When the Parallel Printer Attachment is used to attach

a printer, data or printer commands are loaded into an

8-bit latched output-port, then the strobe line is

’ activated I to I write I data to the printer. Theprogram can then I read I the input ports for printer

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status indicating when the next character can be written

or it may use the interrupt line to indicate not busy to

the software.

The output ports can also be 'read ' at the card's

interface for diagnostic-loop functions. This allows

fault-isolation determination between the printer

attachment and the attached printer.

Description

During a system 1/0 Iread ' or write I with the proper

address selection, data may be Iwritten I to or Iread I

from the Parallel Printer Attachment. The data and

Control Registers must be manipulated by the system

software to be consistent with the attaching hardware.

The following is a block diagram of the Parallel Printer

Attachment card.

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25-Pin

Connector

A

J

Bus Buffer Data Latch

' 8r

wI CLK

t

c Enable

+

ceiver

8

h

ADRS

-XIO/-M-tRITE DATA

Command

Decoder

Reset

-Enable

Enable

REA D STATUS

P

Bus Control

Buffers Latch Drivers

1 LK

5 5t

-e C L R

J

4

&

Parallel Printer Interface Block Diagram

~

SLCT IN

STROBI

AUTO

FD XTINlT

E R R O R

SLCT

PE

ACK

BUSY

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System Interface

The Parallel Printer Attachment reserves addresses hex

378, through hex 37F. IO/-M must also be 'active

high I when addressing the Parallel Printer Attachment.

A card selected signal (-CARD SLCTD) is provided to

the system 1/0 when the above addresses are used, and

the IO/-M bit is 'active high.

Specific commands are decoded from AO, Al, RD, and

WR er the following table. Input A2 is not used.

Addresses (hex) Operation Comments

378 IRead I Read Data Latch

379 IRead Read Status

37A IRead I Read Control

Latch

37B IRead Unused

37B IWrite I Write Data Latch

379 IWrite I Unused

37A IWrite Write Control

Latch

37B IWrite Unused

All data transfers take place over the 8-bit 1/0data-bus with timing provided by the 8088

microprocessor. (IOR, IOW, IO/-M)

An interrupt is provided to the system through the 1/0connector of the Parallel Printer Attachment. This

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interrupt is I positive active I , Interrupt Level 7(+IRQ7). Bit 4 of the control latch must be 'written

high' o allow interrupts. When the -ACKnowledge

signal ( I low active ' signal goes Ihigh I ) the 1/0 device

causes a level 7 interrupt. See the following figure.

+ I R Q 7

-ACK Buffer

Control Bit 4-

+ IQ R 7 / - A C K Logic Diagram


The Parallel Printer Attachment can serve as a general

purpose peripherial driver. This section describes a

configuration which supports attachment to the IBMGraphics Printer.

Command Definition

For the parallel-printer application, the following bit

definitions apply.

Data Latch - Address hex 378

A 'write I to this address causes data to be latched onto

the printer data bits. 4 'read' from this address

presents the contents of the data latch to the processor.

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c

Bit

M S B 7

6

5

4

3

2T h r o u g h0 L S B

SignalName

-BUSY

-ACK

-PE

+ S L C T

- E R R O R

Descript ion

W he n this signal is at a low level,

the pr in ter is busy and cann o taccept data . I t can become lowdu rin g d at a entry, off- line print ing,head t ransla t ion, or er ror s ta te .

W h e n p o r t B is read, this bit willrepresent th e current s ta te of theprinter ACK signal. A low levelmeans t ha t a character has been

received an d the printer is ready toaccept ano the r . Normal ly , th issignal will be low fo r approx ima tely5 microseconds before B U S Y goesaway.

A low level indicates t h at th e printerhas detected a n end of for m ,

A high level indicates that theprinter is selected.

A low level indicates th at th e printerhas encounted a n e r ror condi tion .

Unused.

Printer Status

Printer Control - Address hex 3 7A

This port contains printer control signals. A 'write'

latches control bits to the printer; a ' read ' presents the

contents of the latches to the processor. See the

following timing diagram:

ParallelPrinter Attachment 3-101

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c .

Parallel Interface Timing Diagram

II

i

The following figure describes the printer control

signals.

r

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~

Bit

M S B 7

T h r o u g h5

4

3

2

1

L SB 0

SignalName

+ I N T E R R U P TE N A B L E

S L C T I N

I N I T

A U T O FD X T

S T R O B E

Descr pt on

Unused.

A high level in this bit positionwill a l low a n inte rrup t tooccur when -ACK goes high.

A low level in this bit positionselects th e printer.

A low level will initialize th eprinter (50 microsecondsminimum).

A low level will caus e th epr inter to l ine feed a ny t ime aline is printed.

A 5 microsecond (minimum)

low active pulse clocks da tainto the printer. Val id d at amust be present for 5microseconds (minimum)before an d a ft er t he ST R O B Epulse.

Printer Control Signal

The following are the connector specifications for the

IBM PCjr Parallel Printer Attachment.

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........................................................\ A B30??0 xpansion C o n n e c t 2 B1

‘Parallel Printer Attachment Connectors

Pin

2T h r o u g h9

10

121314

1516

17

18T h r o u g h25

25-Pin “D ”-Shell Connector

Signal

- S T R O B E

D A T A B IT C

T h r o u g hD A T A B IT 7

-ACK

B U S YP ESLCT

- A U T OF D X T

- E R R O R-1NIT

P R I N T E R

I N P U T- S E L E C T

G N D

I,, Max

14 m a

24 m a

74LS npu t

74LS n p u t74LS n p u t74LS n p u t14 m a

74LS n p u t14 m a

14 m a

N / A

I,, Max

-.6m a

-2.6m a

74LS n p u t

74LS n p u t74LS n p u t74LS n p u t.6m a

74LS n p u t.6m a

.6m a

N / A

Source

Attachment

At tachmentC a r d

C a r d

Printer

PrinterPrinterPrinterAt tachment

C a r dPrinterPrinter

At tachmentC a r d


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Parallel Printer

Attachment to 1/0

Signal Name Expa n sion Connector Signal Name

D1

D 2

0 4

GND

D 7

A0

A2

GND

A5

A6

A8

-DACKO

A1 1

A1 2

GND

A15

GND

A17

A19GND

-MEMR

-MEMW

ALE

GND

IO/-M

READY

-CARDSLCTD-GND

I R Q 7

AUDIO IN

B1

B5

B10

B15

B20

825

B30

A1

A5

A10

A15

A2 0

A25

A3 0


DO

+12 Vdc

D 3

0 5

D 6

+5 Vdc

A1

A3

A4

GND

A 7

A9

A10

DRQO

A13

A14

A16

GND

A18

- I O R

- lowG N D

HDLA

CLK

RESET

+5 Vdc

l R Q l

1rq2

Reserved

-HRQ

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IBM Graphics Printer

The IBM Graphics Printer is a self-powered,

stand-alone, tabletop unit which attaches to the system

unit through a 6-foot parallel-signal cable, and obtains

120 Vac power from a standard wall outlet through a

seperate cable. It is an 80 CPS (characters per second),

bidirectional, wire-matrix device that can print in a

compressed mode of 132 characters per line, in a

standard mode of 80 characters per line, in a double

width-compressed mode of 66 characters per line, and

in a double width mode of 40 characters per line. It can

also print double-size and double-strike characters. Itprints the standard ASCII, 96-character, uppercase and

lowercase character sets and also has a set of 64 special

block characters. It has an extended character set for

international languages, subscript, superscript, an

underline mode, and programmable graphics. The

Graphics printer accepts commands that set the

line-feed control desired for the application.

It attaches to the system unit through the IBM PCjr

Parallel Printer Attachment. The cable is a

25-conducter, shielded cable with a 25-pin “D”-shell

connector at the system unit end, and a 36-pin

connector at the printer end.

Printer Specifications

Print M ethod : Serial-impact dot matrix

Print Spee d: 80 CPS

Print Direction: Bidirectional with logic seeking

Number of Pins in Head: 9

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Line Spacing: 1/16 inch (4.23 mm) or programmable

M atrix Characteristics: 9 by 9

Character Se t: Full 96-character ASCII with

descenders plus 9 international characters/symbols

Graphic Characters: See “Additional Printer

Specifications”

Printing Sizes:

Normal

Double Width

Compressed

10 characters-per-inch with amaximum of 80 characters-per-line

5 characters-per-inch with a

maximum of 40 characters per line

16.5 characters-per-inch with a


Double Width-Compressed

8.25 characters-per-inch with amaximum of 66 characters per line



Subscript 10characters-per-inch with a

Superscript 10characters-per-inch with a

M edia Handling: Adjustable sprocket-pin-feed with

4-inch (101.6 mm) to 10-inch (254 mm) width paper,

one original plus two carbon copies (total thickness not

to exceed 0.012 inch (0.3 mm)), minimum paper

thickness of 0.0025 inch (0.064 mm)

Interface: Parallel 8-bit data and control lines

Inked Ribbon: Black, cartridge type with a lifeexpectancy of 3 million characters

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Environmental Conditions: Operating temperature is

5 to 35 degrees centigrade (41 to 95 degrees

Fahrenheit), operating humidity is 10 to 80%

non-condensing

Power Requirements: 120 Vac, 60 Hz, 1 A maximumwith a power consumption of 100 VA maximum

Physical Characteristics:

Height 107 mm (4.2 inches)

Width 374 mm (14.7 inches

Depth 305 mm (12 inches)Weight 5.5 kg (12 pounds)

Additional Printer Specifications

Printing Characteristics

Extra Character S et

Set 1 Additional ASCII numbers 160

to 175 contain European

characters. Numbers 176 to

223 contain graphic characters.

Numbers 224 to 239 contain

selected Greek-characters.

Numbers 240 to 255 containmath and extra symbols.

The differences in Set 2 are

ASCII numbers 3,4,5,6, and 21.

ASCII numbers 128 to 175

contain European characters.

Set 2

Graphics There are 20 block characters and

programmable graphics.

Printers 3-109

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DIP Switch Settings

There are two Dual-Inline-Package (DIP) switches onthe control circuit-board. In order to satisfy the user’sspecific requirements, desired control m odes are

selected by the DIP switches. The functions of theseswitches and their preset conditions at the time of

shipment are shown in the follow ing figures.

DIP Switch 2 DIP Switch 1

Location of DIP Switches

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Number Function On

Print

Buffer Fu ll Prin t nly

1-4 Cancel C od e Invalid

1-5 Not Applicable

1-7 Charac ter Se t 2

1-8 SLCT IN Signal FixedInternally

Switch I I FactoryPositionf

I1-1

INot Applicable -

Pr in t andLine Feed

O n

P r in t a n dLine Feed

Off

Valid OffI II

O n

N o S o u n d O n-6 I E rro r Buzzer I S o u n d

Set I Off

IG e n e r a t o r

Not FixedInternally

On

Functions and Conditions of DIP Switch 1

FactoryPosition

SwitchNumber

2- 1

0 function

F o r m L e ng th

Line Spacing

~~

12 Inches 1 1 Inches Off

2-2 1 / 8 I n c h 1 / 6 In ch 0 f

2-3 A u t o F ee d X TSignal Fixed[nternally Not FixedInternally Off

Valid Invalid Off-4 1 Inch S k ip OverPer fora t ion

Functions and Conditions o f DIP Switch 2

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Parallel Interface Description

Specifications

Data Transfer Rate 1000 cycles-per-second

Synchronization By externally-supplied

Signal ExchangeLogic level

(cps)-( maximum)

STROBE pulses

-ACKNLG or BUSY signals

Input data and all

interface-control signals are

compatible with the

Transistor-Transistor Logic

(TTL) level.

Connector Plug 57-30360 (Amphenol)

Connector-pin assignments and descriptions of

respective interface-signals are provided in the

following figures.

Data Transfer Sequence

The following figure shows the Parallel Interface

Timing.

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4

II

-strobe STROBE pulse to read data in. Pulse

width must be more than 0.5 ps at the

receiving terminal. The signal is

normally Ihigh I ;however read-in of

data is performed at the I Low level

of this signal.

These signals are the first to eight bits

a€ arallel data. Each signal is at a

'high level when data is a logical 1and I low ' when data is a logical 0.

Approximately 0.5 ys pulse (low)indicates that data has been received

and the printer is ready to accept data.

A 'high' signal indicates that theprinter cannot receive data. The

signal is I high ' in the following cases:

During data entry

Data 1-8

-ACKNLG

BUSY

.

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PE

SLCT

Auto Feed XT

INT

Error

-SLCTIN

During printing operation

In the “off-line” state

0 During printer-error status

A ‘high’ signal indicates that the

printer is out of paper.This signal indicates that the printer is

in the selected state.

When this signal is I low I paper is fed

one line after printing. This signal

level can be fixed low I by DIP

switch pin 2-3.

When this signal is I low I the printercontroller is reset to its initial state

and the print buffer is cleared. This

signal is normally I high and its pulse

width must be more than 50 ps at the

receiving terminal.

This signal is I low I when the printer

is in the “Paper End,” “Off Line,”

and “Error” state.

Data entry to the printer is possible

only when this signal is ’low I . This

signal can be fixed low I by DIP

switch 1-8.

Notes:

1. All interface conditions are based on TTL level.

Both the rise and fall times of each signal must be

less than 0.2 ps.

2. Data transfer must not be carried out by ignoring

the -ACKNLG or BUSY signal. Data transfer can

only occur after confirming the -ACKNLG signal orwhen the BUSY signal is low I .

The following figure shows the pin assignment and

direction of each signal.

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Signal

- S T R O B E

D A T A 1D A T A 2D A T A 3D A T A 4D A T A 5D A T A 6D A T A 7D A T A 8

- A C K N L GBUSYPES L C TA U T O F E E D XT

N Co vC H A S S IS G N D

N CG N DI N TE R R O RG N DN C

- SL C T I N

SignalPin #

1

2345

678

9

1011121314151617

18

313233343536

19-30

ReturnPin # Direction

I n

I nI nI n

I nI nI n

I n

I n

o u to u to u to u t

I n

-

-

-

I no u t-

-

-

I n

Pin Assignments

Printer Modes

The IBM Graphics Printer can use any of the

combinations listed in the following table and the print

mode can be changed at any place within the line.

Modes can be selected and combined if they are in the

same vertical column.

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1 Printer M odes

N o r m a l

CompressedEmphas izedD o u b l e S t r ik eSubsc r ip tSuperscr ip tD o u b l e W i d t hUnder l ine

-

X

X

XX-

-

X

X

XX-

x

x x

X

X

XX-

X

XXX-

XX

XX-

X

X

XX-

X

XXX-

Printer Modes

Printer Control Codes

On the following pages are complete codes for printer

characters, controls, and graphics. You may want to

keep them handy for future reference. The printercodes are listed in ASCII-decimal numeric-order (from

NUL which is 0 to DEL, which is 127). The examples

given in the Printer-Function descriptions are written in

the BASIC language. The “input” description is given

when more information is needed for programming

considerations.

ASCII decimal values for the printer control codes canbe found under “Printer Character Sets.”

The Descriptions that follow assume that the printer

DIP switches have not been changed from their factory

settings.

Printer code Printer FunctionNUL Null:

Used with ESC B a n d ESC D as a list

terminator. NUL is also used with

other printer.

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BEL

HT

LF

P

control codes to select options (for example, ESC S).Example:

LPRINT CHR$ (0);

Bell:

Sounds the printer buzzer for 1 second.

Example:LPRINT CHR$(7);

Horizontal Tab:

Tabs to the next horizontal tab stop. Tab

stops are set with ESC D. Tab stops are set

every 8 columns when the printer is powered

on.

Example:LPRINT CHR$(9);

Line Feed:

Spaces the paper up one line. Line spacing

is 1/16-inch unless reset by ESC A, ESC 0,

ESC 1,ESC 2, or ESC 3.

Example:

LPRINT CHR$(10);

Form Feed:Advances the paper to the top of the next page.

CR

Note: The location of the paper, when the

printer is powered on, determines the top of

the page. The next top of page is 11 inches

from that position. ESC C can be used to

change the page length.

Example:

LPRINT CHR$( 12);

Carriage Return:

Ends the line that the printer is on and

prints the data remaining in the printer

buffer. (No Line Feed operation takes

place.)

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so

SI

DC2

DC4

CAN

ESC

ESC -

Note: IBM Personal Computer BASIC adds a Lin

Feed unless 128 is added [for example

CHR$(141)].

ExampleLPRINT CHR$( 13);

Shift Out (Double Width):

Changes the printer to the Double-Width print-mode.

Note: A Carriage Return, Line Feed or DC4

cancels Double-Width print-mode.

Example:

LPRINT CHR$(14);

Shift In (Compressed):

Changes the printer to the Compressed-Character

print-mode. Example:

LPFUNT CHR$(15) ;

Device Control 1 (Compressed Off):

Stops printing in the Compressed print-mode.

Example

LPRINT CHR$(18);

Device Control 4 (Double Width

Off):

Stops printing in the Double-Width print-mode.

Example:

LPRINT CHR$(20);Cancel:

Clears the printer buffer. Control codes,

except SO, remain in effect.

Example:

LPRINT CHR$ (24);

Escape:

Lets the printer know that the next data sentis a printer command.

Example:

LPRINT CHR$(27);

Escape Minus (Underline)

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ESC 0

ESC 1

ESC 2

ESC 3

ESC 6

ESC 7

Format: ESC -;n;

ESC - followed by a 1, prints all of the following

data with an underline.

ESC - followed by a 0 (zero), cancels the Underline

print-mode.

Example:LPRINT CHR$ (27); CHR$(45); CHR$(1);

Escape Zero (1 8-Inch Line Feeding)

Changes paper feeding to 1 %inch.

Example:

LPRINT CHR$(27);CHR$(48);

Escape One (7/72-Inch Line

Feeding)

Changes paper feeding to 7/72-inch.Example:

LPRINT CHR$( 27);CHR$(49);

Escape Two (Starts Variable

Line-Feeding)

ESC 2 is an execution command for ESC A. If

no ESC A command has been given, line feeding

returns to 1/6-inch.

Example:


Escape Three (Variable

Line-Feeding)

Format: ESC 3;n;Changes the paper feeding to n/216-inch. The

example that follows sets the paper feeding

to 54/216 (1/4)-inch. The value of n must be

between 1 and 255.

Example:

LPRINT CHR$ (27);CHR$( 5 1);CHR$( 54);

Escape Six (Select Character Set 2)

Selects Character Set 2. (See “Printer

Character set 2”)

Example:

LPRINT CHR$ (27); CHR$ (54);Escape Seven (Select Character Set 1)

Printers 3-119

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Selects character set 1. (See “Printer

Character Set 1”)

Character set 1 is selected when the printer

is powered on or reset.

Example:


Escape Eight (Ignore Paper End)

Allows the printer to print to the end of the

paper. The printer ignores the Paper End

switch.

Example

LPRINT CHR$ (27) ;CHR$ 5 6 ) ;

Escape Nine (Cancel Ignore PaperEnd)

Cancels the Ignore Paper End command. ESC 9

is selected when the printer is powered on or

reset.

Example


Escape Less Than (Home Head)

The printer head returns to the leftmargin to print the line following ESC <.This occurs for one line only.

Example:


Escape A (Sets Variable Line

Feeding)

Format: ESC A;n;

Escape A sets the line-feed to n/72-inch.

The example that follows tells the printer to

set line feeding to 24/72-inch. ESC 2 must

be sent to the printer before the line

feeding changes. For example, ESC A;24

(text) ESC 2 (text). The text following ESC

A;24 spaces at the previously set

line-feed increments. The text following ESC2 prints with new line-feed

increments of 24/72-inch. Any increment

between 1/72 and 85/72-inch may be used.

ESC 8

ESC 9

ESC <

ESC A

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Example:LPRINT

CHR$( 27);CHR$( 65);CHR$(24);

CHR$(27);CHR$(SO);

Escape C (Set Lines-per-Page)

Format: ESC C;n;Sets the page length. The ESC C command must

have a value following it to specify the

length of page desired. (Maximum form length

for the printer is 127 lines.) The example

below sets the page length to 55 lines. The

printer defaults to 66 lines-per-page when

powered on or reset.

Example:

LPRINT CHR$(27);CHR$(67);CHR$(55);

ESC C

Escape C (Set Inches-per-Page)

Format: ESC C;n;m;

Escape C sets the length of the page in

inches. This command requires a value of 0

(zero) for n, and a value between 1 and 22for m.

Example:

LPRINT CHR$(27);CHR$(67);CHR$(O);CHR$(2);

Escape D (Sets Horizontal Tab Stops)

Format: ESC D;nl;n2;...I&; NUL;

Sets the horizontal-tab stop-positions. The

example that follows shows the horizontal-tabstop-positions set at printer column

positions of 10, 20, and 40. They are

followed by CHR$(O), the NUL ode. They must

also be in ascending numeric order as shown.

Tab stops can be set between 1 and 80. When

in the Compressed-print mode, tab stops can

be set up to 132.

The Graphics Printer can have a maximum of 28

tab stops. The HT (CHR$(9)) is used to

execute a tab operation.

Example:

ESC D

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ESC E

ESC F

ESC G

ESC H

ESC J

ESC K

LPRINT

CHR$ (27);CHR$ (68) ;CHR$( 10)

;CHR$(20);CHR$ (40);

CHR$(O);

Escape E (Emphasized)

Changes the printer to the Emphasized-print

mode. The speed of the printer is reduced to

half speed during the Emphasized-print mode.

Example:


Escape F (Emphasized Off)

Stops printing in the Emphasized-print mode.

Example:LPRINT CHR$ (27);CHR$ (70) ;

Escape G (Double Strike)

Changes the printer to the Double-Strike

print-mode. The paper is spaced 1/216 of an

inch before the second pass of the print

head.

Example:

LPRINT CHR$ (27);CHR$ (7 1 ;

Escape H (Double Strike Off)

Stops printing in the Double-Strike mode.

Example:


Escape J (Sets Variable Line Feeding)

Format: ESC J;n;

When ESC J is sent to the printer, the paperfeeds in increments of n/216 of an inch.

The value of n must be between 1 and 255.

The example that follows gives a line feed of

50/2 16-inch. ESC J is canceled after the

line feed takes place.

Example:

LPRINT CHR$ (27);CHR$(74);CHR$(50);

Escape K (480 Bit-Image Graphics

Mode)

Format ESC K;nl ;n2;vl;v2;...vk;

Changes from the Text mode to the Bit-Image

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Graphics mode. n l and n2 are one byte, which

specify the number of bit-image data bytes to

be transferred. vl through vk are the bytes

of the bit-image data. The number of

bit-image data bytes (k) is equal to n l

+256n2 and cannot exceed 480 bytes. At everyhorizontal position, each byte can print up

to 8 vertical dots. Bit-image data may be

mixed with text data on the same line.

Note: Assign values to n l and n2 as follows:

n l represents values from 0 - 255.

n2 represents values from 0 - 1 x 256.

MSB is most-significant bit and LSB is least

-significant bit.

The following figures show the format.

IMSB LSB I

MSB LSB

Data sent to the printer.

Text (20characters) ESC K n=360 Bit-image data Next data

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In text mode, 20 characters in text

mode correspond to 120 bit-image

positions (20 x 6 = 120). The

printable portion left in Bit-Image

mode is 360 dot positions (480 - 120= 360).

Data sent to the printer.

“1 “2 “ 1 “2

Data C I ESC [ K I n l n21 Data D

Bit-

ILength of

I:{ ;e

:;;; I l.-.x;;th of

1image

data

ESC K 1 nl I n2 I Data B2

480 bit- image dot positionsk;:;data

w

Example: 1 ’OPEN PRINTER IN RANDOM MODE

WITH LENGTH OF 2552 OPEN “LPT1:”AS #1

3 WIDTH “LPT1:”,255

4 PRINT # l CHR$( 13)+CHR$( 10);

5 SLASH$=CHR$(1 +CHR$ (02)

+CHR$(04)+CHR$(08)

6 SLASH$=SLASH$+CHR$(16)+CHR$ (32)

+CHR&(64)+$CHR$( 128)+CHR$(O)

7 GAP$= CHR$(0)+CHR$(O)+CHR$(O)

8 NDOTS=480

9 ’ESC K N1 N2

10 PRINT #11,CHR$(27);“K”;CHR$(NDOTS

MOD 256); CHR$ (FIX(NDOTS/256));

11 ’SEND NDOTS NUMBER OF BIT

IMAGE BYTES

12 FOR I= 1 TO NDOTS/ 12 ’NUMBEROF SLASHES TO

PRINT USING GRAPHICS

13 PRINT #l,SLASH$;GAP$;

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14 NEXT I15 CLOSE

16 END

This example gives you a row of slashes

printed in the Bit-Image mode.

Graphics-Mode)

Format: ESC L;nl;n2;vl;v2;...vk;

Changes from the Text mode to the Bit-Image

Graphics mode. The input is similar to ESC

K. The 960 Bit-Image mode prints at half the

speed of the 480 Bit-Image Graphics mode, but

can produce a denser graphic image. The

number of bytes of bit-image Data (k ) is nl

+256n2 but cannot exceed 960. n l is in the

range of 0 to 255.

Escape N (Set Skip Perforation)

Format ESC N;n;

Sets the Skip Perforation function. The

number following ESC N sets the value for thenumber of lines of Skip Perforation. The

example shows a 12-line skip perforation.

This prints 54 lines and feeds the paper

12 lines. The value of n must be between 1

and 127. ESC N must be reset anytime the

page length (ESC C) is changed.

Example:

LPRINT CHR$(27);CHR$(78);CHR$( 12);

Escape 0 (Cancel Skip Perforation)

Cancels the Skip Perforation function.

Example:

LPRINT CHR$( 27);CHR$( 79);

ESC S Escape S (Subscript/Superscript)

Format: ESC S;n;

Changes the printer to the Subscript printmode when ESC S is followed by a 1, as in the

example that follows. When ESC S is followed

by a 0 (zero), the printer prints in the

ESC L Escape L (960-Bit-Image

ESC N

ESC

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ESC T

ESC U

ESC W

ESC Y

ESC Z

Superscript print mode.

Example:

LPRINT CHR$ (27) ;CHR$( 83);CHR$(1);

Escape T (Subscript/Superscript Off)

The printer stops printing in the Subscript

or Superscript print mode.

Example:


Escape U (Unidirectional Printing)

Format: ESC U;n;

The printer prints from left to right

following the input of ESC U; 1. When ESC U

is followed by a 0 (zero), the left to rightprinting operation is canceled. The

Unidirectional print-mode (ESC U ) ensures a

more accurate print-start position for better

print quality.

Example:

LPRINT CHR$( 27);CHR$( 85);CHR$(1);

Escape W (Double Width)Format: ESC W;n;

Changes the printer to the Double-Width print

mode when ESC W is followed by a 1. This

mode is not canceled by a line-feed operation

and must be canceled with ESC W followed by a

0 (zero).

Example:

LPRINT CHR$( 27);CHR$( 87);CHR$(1);

Escape Y (960 Bit-Image Graphics

Mode Normal Speed)

Format: ESC Y nl;n2;vl;v2;...vk;

Changes from the Text mode to the 960

Bit-Image Graphics mode. The printer prints

at normal speed during this operation and

cannot print dots on consecutive dotposition. The input of data is similar to

ESC L.

Escape Z (1920 Bit-Image Graphics

Mode)

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Format: ESC 2; nl ;n2;vl v2; ..vk;Changes from the Text mode to the 1920

Bit-Image Graphics mode. The input issimilar to the other Bit-Image G raphicsmodes. ESC Z can print only every third dot

position.

Printers 3-127

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D C 4

30 31 32

sp

Printer Character Set 1 (Part 1 of 2)

1

CAN ESC

33 34 35 36 37 38 39

I f # $ % &

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CAN ESC

160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 1 6 9 .

a i o u i i K i a o ~ ~-

230

240

-

231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239

P T ~ e n s m t n241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249

= * > (


- J ~ ~ . S P

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0 1 2 3 J 3 t > i i ,r 3

N U L v + + 4 B E L H T

10 1 1 1 2 13 1.1 1 ' 1 ' I 1 1 1 H 1 ' )

I F FF C R SO SI D C 2

2 0 2 1 2 2 7 3 ?J 75 26 ? i ? H 7 : )

D C 4 $ CAN E S C

30 31 32 3 3 34 35 Jb 3 1 38 3 )

s p # % & I

o + ,. / 0 1

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 : . ;

< = > ? @ A B C D E

F G H I J K L M N O

P Q R S T U V W X Y

a b c

d e f g h i j k l m

n o p q r s t u v w

c u

40 4 ' 4 2 4 3 4 4 45 ~ .r9

50 5 52 53 51 55 i t , i i 58 5q

GO 61 6 63 64 65 66 67 b8 69

7 o r i 1 2 13 14 75 7b 7 7 78 19

8 H I 8? 8 3 84 85 86 87 88 89

[IO 'I I ( I ? '1.3 9'1 5 96 97 98 99

A

Z C \ I -

10 0 101 1'1.) 1 ' ) i 1 l J . 1 lo > 106 1 0 1 108 1 O c )

; 1 1 I l l 1 1 ) l l i 1 1 . 1 1 1 ' ) 1 1 j J 1 1 1 118 1 1 1

1 . 1 . ' : I , . 1 , ) i I . : 1 ) ' ) I . J l l I . , ] l . H

..X Y Z { I }

Printer Character S e t 2 Part 1 of 2)

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2 3 0

2 4 0

-

2 5 0


2 3 1 2 3 7 2 3 3 2 3 4 2 3 5 2 3 6 7 3 7 2 3 8 2 3 9

Q W I ~ W ~

2 41 2 4 2 2 4 3 2 4 4 2 4 5 2 4 6 2 4 7 2 4 8 2 4 3

= + > ( J j , o m?51 1 5 2 2 5 3 2 5 4 2 5 5

- J n 2 m s ~

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Notes:

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IBM PC Compact Printer

The PC Compact Printer is a stand-alone, tabletop unit

that plugs into 3 standard wall outlet. Using an

eight-wire print head, the printer can print characters

from the standard ASCII, 96-character, uppercase andlowercase character sets, and prints the characters in a

5-by-7 dot matrix at 56 characters-per-second (cps). It

prints in one direction (left-to-right) and has four print

modes. In the standard mode, the printer prints 80

characters-per-line; in the compressed mode, 136

characters; in the double-width mode, 40 characters,

and in the compressed double-width mode, 68characters-per-line. The PC Compact Printer can also

underline characters, has an extended character-set for

international languages, and can accept special

characters programmed by the user.

The printer has a 1.89 meter (6-foot), 16-lead, printer

cable that connects, through an Amphenol connector,to the serial port (RS-232-C) at the rear of the system

unit.

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P17

P30-3 '

P10-1:

P l t

M PUHD6801v 5

P46

P41

P40-44

P23

P15

++--

-I-

VOLTAGEREG. ANDSAFETYLOGIC

THERMAL

HEAD DRIVERULN2803A

LAM P/MOTORDRIVERULN2013

PULSEMOTOR 1I

lFEY

FROM HOMEPOSITION SWITCH

I

X-TAL

.91 MHz

ADDRESS

SN74LS3732KBSTATICIAMHM6116

HIGH ORDER ADDRESS

DRIVER/RECEIVER

__b CTS

A

+12u -12v

3-134 Printers

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.Print Modes:

Standard

Double Width

Compressed

CompressedDouble Width

Paper Feed:

Paper Width:

Copies:

Paper Path:

System Interface:

Print Color:

Characters Maximumper Inch Characters

per Line

10 80

5 40

17.5 136

8.75 68

Friction F eed

216 mm (8 .5 in)

Single sheet on ly

TOP

Serial Data and Control Lines

Black on ly

3-136 Printers

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Character Set: ASCII numbers 0 to 31 containcontrol codes and specialcharacters. ASCII numbers 32 to

127 contain the standard printablecharacters. ASCII numbers 128 to

175 conta in E uropean characters.ASCII numbers 224 to 255

contain math and extra symb ols.

3-638 Printers

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Serial Interface Description

Received

Data

Specifications

TWO

Stop

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Bits

Data Transfer Rate: 1200 bps (maximum)

Synchronization: internal clocking

Handshaking: CTS (Clear to Send) Pacing

Logic Level: Input data and all interface

control- signals are EIA

Levels

Connector Plug: 9804 (Amphenol)

The following figure shows the timing of the Serial

Interface.

Character Period

_____c(

High (Ready)

R D Y

Serial Interface Timing Diagram

I CTSLow (Busy)

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Print Mode Combinations for the P C CompactPrinter

The following figure shows the print-mode

combinations possible with the PC Compact Printer.

Modes shown in the same column can be combined. Aprint mode can be changed at any time within a line:

however, the double-width mode effects the entire line.

Standard

Compressed

Double-Width

Underline

ModesIxxx

xxx

xxx

xxx

xxx

xxx

xxx

xxx

xxx

xxx

xxx

Printer Control Codes and Functions

On the following pages you will find a detailed list of

the printer control codes and functions. This list also

includes descriptions of the functions and examples

of the printer control codes.

The examples LPRINT statements) given in the

detailed descriptions of the printer control codes and

functions list, are written in BASIC. Some knowledge

of B A S I C programming is needed to understand

these codes. Some of the printer control codes also

show a “Format” description when more

information is needed for programming

considerations.

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COD E PRINTER FUNCT ION

CAN CancelClears the printer buffer. Control codes,

except SO, remain in effect. Reinitializes

the printer to the power on defaults.

LPRINT CH R$(24);

CR Carriage ReturnEnds the line the printer is on and prints

any data remaining in the printer buffer.

The logical character position is moved to

the left margin. (No Line Feed operation

takes place.) Note: IBM Personal

Computer BASIC adds a Line Feed unless

128 is added.

LPRINT CHR$(13);

DC2 Device Control 2 (Compressed Off)

Stops printing in the Compressed mode.

LPRINT C HR$(18);

DC4 Device Control 4 (Double Width Off)

Stops printing in the Double Width mode.

LPRINT CH R$(20);

ESC EscapeInforms the printer that the following data

is a printer command. (See the followingESC commands.)

LPRINT CH R$(27);

Printers 3-141

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ESC B Escape B (S et Vertical Tabs)Sets vertical tab stop positions. Up to 64

vertical tab stop positions are recognized by

the printer. Tab stop positions must be

received in ascending numeric order. The

tab stop numbers do not become valid until

you type the N U L code. Once vertical tab

stops are established, they are valid until

new tab stops are specified. (If the printer

is reset or switched Off, set tab stops are

cleared.) If no tab stop is set, the Vertical

Tab command acts as a Line Feed

command. ESC B followed only by N U L

cancels tab stops. The form length must beset by the ESC C command prior to setting

tabs.

LPRINT

CHR$( 7);CHR$(66);CHR$( O);CHR$( 0);CHR$(40);CHR$(O);

ESC C Escape C (S et lines per page)Format: ESC C;n; Sets the page length.

The ESC C command must be followed by

a value to specify the length of page desired.

(Maximum form length for the printer is

127 lines.) The following example sets the

page length to 55 lines. The printer default

is 66 lines per page when switched On or

reset.LPRINT CHR$(27);CHR$(67);CHR$(55);

3-142 Printers

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ESC D Escape D (Set Horizontal Tab Stops)

Sets the horizontal tab stop positions. The

following example shows the horizontal tab

stop positions set at printer column

positions of 10, 20 and 40. The horizontal

tab stops are followed by CHR$(O), theNUL ode. They must also be in ascending

numeric order as shown. You can set tab

stops between 1 and 80. When in the

Compressed print mode, you can set tabs up

to column 136. The maximum number of

tabs that can be set is 112. HT (CHR$(9))

is used to execute a tab operation.

LPRINT

CHR$(27);CHR$(68);CHR$( 1O)CHR$(20)CHR$(4O);CHR$(0);

ESC K Escape K (480 Bit-Image Graphics Mode)

Format: ESC K;nl;n2; v l ; v2;.....vk;

Changes the printer to the Bit-Image

Graphics mode. Dot density is 82.5 by 82 .5dots per inch. If the graphics data exceeds

the space remaining on the line, the printer

ignores the excess data. Only the excess

data is lost.

The numbers n l and n2 specify, in binary

form, the number of bit image data bytes to

be transferred. Assign values to n l to

represent values from zero to 255 and

assign values to n2 to represent values from

0-1 x 256. The total number of bit image

data bytes cannot exceed 480. (nl + (n2 X

256)).

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The bit-image data bytes are vl through vk.

All eight of the print head wires are used to

print Bit-image graphics. Each bit of a

bit-image data byte represents a dot

position within a vertical line. The leastsignificant bit LSB) represents the bottom

dot position, and the most significant bit

(MSB) represents the top dot position. For

example, if VX s hex 80, the top dot will

print only in that vertical position; if VX s

hex 01, the bottom dot will print; and if VX

is hex FF, all eight dots will print.

Dot Bit Number

TOP 0 - - - 8

0 - - - 7

0 - - - 6

0 - - - 5

0 - - - 4

0 - - - 30 - - - 2

Bottom 0 - - -

ESC N EscapeN (Set Skip Perforation)Format: ESC N;n; Sets the Skip Perforation

function. The number following ESC N

sets the number of lines to be skipped. The

example shows a 12-line skip perforation.

This command will print 54 lines and feed

the paper 12 lines. The value of n must be

between 1 and 127. ESC N must be reset

anytime the page length (ESC C) is

changed. The default for skip perforation is25.4 mm (1 inch).


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ESC 0

ESC R

ESC W

ESC 0

ESC 1

ESC 2

ESC 5

Escape 0 (Cancel Skip Perforation)Cancels the Skip Perforation function.


Escape R (Clear Tabs)

Resets all tab stops,both horizontal and

'vertical to the powered-on defaults.

L P W HR$(27);CHR$(82);

Escape W (Double Width)

Format: ESC W;n; Changes the printer to

the Double Width mode when ESC W is

followed by 1. This mode is not canceled

by a line feed operation. It is canceledwhen ESC W is followed by 0 (zero).


Escape Zero (1/9-Inch Line Feed)

Changes the line feed to 2.82 mm (1/9

inch).


Escape One (1 9-inch Line Feed)

Changes the line feed to 2.82 mm (1/9

inch). ESC 1 functions the same as ESC 0.

LPRINT CHR$( 27);CHR$( 49);

EscapeTwo (Start

Variable Line Feeding)

Resets line spacing to 4.23 mm (1/6 inch).

This is the powered-on default for vertical

line spacing.

LPRINT CHR$( 2 7);CHR$(50 ) ;

Escape Five (Sets Automatic Line Feed)

With automatic line feed on, when a CR

code is received, a line feed automatically

follows after the camage return. ESC 5 (1)

sets auto line feed; ESC 5 (0) resets it.


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E S C - EscapeMinus (Underline)Format: ESC -;n; ESC - followed by 1,

prints all of the following data with an

underline. ESC - followed by 0 (zero),

cancels the Underline print mode.

LPRINT CHR$(27);CHR(45);CHR$( 1); [orCHR$(O);I

ESC < Escape Less Than (HomeHead)The print head returns to the left margin to

print the line following ESC <. This occurs

for one line only.

LPRINT CHR 27) CHR$(60);

FF Form FeedAdvances the paper to the top of the next

page. Note: The location of the paper,

when the printer power switch is set to the

On position, determines the top of the page.

The next top-of-page is 279 mm (11 inches)

from that position. ESC C can be used tochange the page length. Always separate

multiple Form Feed commands with spaces.

LPRINT CHR ( 2);

HT Horizontal TabTabs to the next horizontal tab stop. Tab

stops are set with ESC D. (Tab stops are

automatically set at every 8 columns when

the printer power switch is set to the On

position.)

LPRINT CHR $(9);

LF Line FeedAdvances the paper one line. Line spacing

is 4.23 mm (1/6 inch) unless reset by ESC0, ESC 1 , ESC 2.

LPRINT CH R$(10);

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NUL

SI

so

VT

Null

Used with ESC B and ESC D as terminator

for the tab set and clear commands.

LPR INT CHR$(O);

Shift In (Compressed On)

Changes the printer to the CompressedCharacter mode. This command is canceled

by a DC2 code (Compressed Off).

LPRINT CHR $(15);

Shift Out (Double Width)Changes the printer to the Double Width

mode. Note: A Camage Return, Line Feedor DC4 code cancels Double Width mode.

LPRINT CHR $(14);

Vertical TabSpaces the paper to the next vertical tab

position. VT re set by the ESC B

sequence. The VT command is the same as

the LF command, if no tabs are set. Thepaper is advanced one line after printing or

advanced to the next vertical tab stop.

LPRINT CHR$(11);

The following charts list the printer control codes

and characters in ASCII decimal numeric order, (for

example, N U L is 0 and ESC W is 87).

Printers 3-147

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Character Set (Part 1 of 2)

3-148 Printers

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Character Set (Part 2 of 2)

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16 Pin Connector

Transmit Data\

Compact

Printer

Request To Send A03

A04

Carrier Detect A05

Data Set Ready A06

Not Used 603

Ground 604

Not Used 605

Not Used 606

Ground 607

Not Used 608

Data Terminal Ready Looped in Cable to Data Set Ready

Request to Send Looped in Cable to Carrier Detect


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SECTION 4.COMPATIBILITYW I TH TH E IBM PERSONALCOMPUTER FAMILY

Contents

Compatibility Overview ..................... 4-3

Timing Dependencies ....................... 4-5

Unequal C on fi ia tio n s ..................... 4-7

Hardware Differences ...................... 4-9

User Read/Write Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-12

Diskette Capacity/Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-13 IBM PCjr Cordless Keyboard . . . . . . . . . . . 4-14

Black and White Monochrome Display . . . . . 4-18

RS232 Serial Port and IBM PCjr InternalModem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-18

Summary ............................... 4-19

Color Graphics Capability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-15

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Notes:

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Compatibility Overview

The IBM PCjr is a different Computer than the IBM

Personal Computer and IBM Personal Computer XT.

Even though it is different, the IBM PCjr has a high

level of programming compatibility with the IBM

Personal Computers. It is possible to create PCjr

software applications that can run without modification

on other IBM Personal Computers. In order to create

such programs or to assess if a current program is

compatible, you must understand the differences

between the Personal Computers in the IBM family and

know the proper way to communicate with them.

Normally, it would be impossible for a program written

for one computer to run on a different computer since

the microprocessors would be different; and the

language of the application could not be executed by

different processors. In this case, the application wouldhave to be re-written entirely in the language of the

other processor. Since the IBM PCjr and the other

IBM Personal Computers use exactly the same

microprocessors (Intel 8088), most assembler language

programs need not be modified.

This alone is not enough, since applications normallytake advantage of a computers device services (BIOS)

and operating system (IBM DOS 2.1). In order to

allow for maximum program compatibility, the IBM

PCjr has maintained all BIOS system interrupts and

utilizes the same IBM DOS. This means that

applications which use the BIOS and the IBM DOS

interrupts on the IBM Personal Computers operate the

same on the IBM PCjr.

Note: The BIO S micro-code of the IBM PCjr is notidentical to that of the IBM Personal Computers. Ifan application bypasses the BIO S interrupt calls and

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directly accesses routines and/or storage locations inone system, it may not run in the other system. Som eroutines may be similar and some BIOS storagelocations may be the same. It is stronglyrecommended that applications use only the BIOS andDOS interrupt interfaces in order to achievecompatibility in the IBM Personal Computer family.

Using the same language and the BIOS and DOS

interfaces go a long way in achieving application

compatibility. However, there are still several factors

which need to be taken into consideration:

0 Timing Dependencies

0 Unequal Configurations

Hardware Differences

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Co,mpatibility Overview

The IBM PCjr is a different Computer than the IBM

Personal Computer and IBM Personal Computer XT.

Even though it is different, the IBM PCjr has a high

level of programming compatibility with the IBM

Personal Computers. It is possible to create PCjr

software applications that can run without modification

on other IBM Personal Computers. In order to create

such programs or to assess if a current program is

compatible, you must understand the differences

between the Personal Computers in the IBM family and

know the proper way to communicate with them.

Normally, it would be impossible for a program written

for one computer to run on a different computer since

the microprocessors would be different; and the

language of the application could not be executed by

different processors. In this case, the application wouldhave to be re-written entirely in the language of the

other processor. Since the IBM PCjr and the other

IBM Personal Computers use exactly the same

microprocessors (Intel 8088) , most assembler language

programs need not be modified.

This alone is not enough, since applications normallytake advantage of a computers device services (BIOS)

and operating system (IBM DOS 2.1). In order to

allow for maximum program compatibility, the IBM

PCjr has maintained all BIOS system interrupts and

utilizes the same IBM DOS. This means that

applications which use the BIOS and the IBM DOS

interrupts on the IBM Personal Computers operate the

same on the IBM PCjr.

Note: The BIO S micro-code of the IBM PCjr is notidentical to that of the IBM Personal Computers. Ifan application bypasses the BIO S interrupt calls and

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directly accesses routines and/or storage locations inone system, it may not run in the other system. Som eroutines may be similar and some BIOS storagelocations may be the same. It is stronglyrecommended that applications use only the BIOS andDOS interrupt interfaces in order to achievecompatibility in the IBM Personal Computer family.

Using the same language and the BIOS and DOS

interfaces go a long way in achieving application

compatibility. However, there are still several factors

which need to be taken into consideration:

Timing Dependencies

Unequal Configurations


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Timing Dependencies

Programs running in user read/write memory normally

run slower on the PCjr than on the IBM Personal

Computers. Programs running in read-only memory(ROM) normally run a little faster on the PCjr than on

the IBM Personal Computers. This may or may not

cause a difference depending upon the application.

Most applications are very 1/0 dependent in which

case the execution time is not the critical factor and

may not be noticeable. In other cases, the application

runs the same but merely take a different amount oftime.

If an application has very critical timing dependencies,

any timing differences (faster or slower) may adversely

affect its usability. Using an application’s program

execution speed to achieve a desired timing can effect

the application. In these cases, the application mayneed to be modified.

Note: It is strongly recommended not to depend on

instruction execution speed to achieve specific

application timing. The system timer can provide

short interval timing for assembly language

programs. Similar timing functions are available in

BASIC.

Performance of specific 1/0 devices (such as diskette

or printer) may also differ between the PCjr and the

other IBM Personal Computers. You should also avoid

using timing of any 1/0 device as a dependency for the

application.

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Notes:

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Notes:

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To be able to run on either computer without change,

an application utilizing a specific 1/0 device must have

access to identical devices (or devices with identical

operating characteristics and interfaces). The IBM

PCjr and the IBM Personal Computers have very

compatible 1/0 device capabilities.

The following table lists the hardware features and 1/0

devices supported by the IBM PCjr and the IBM

Personal Computers and summarizes the differences:

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Device

M a x i m u mUser Memory

CordlessKey board

83 KeyKeyboard

Disket teDrive

H ard Di skFile

ParallelPr in ter

RS 232Ser ia l Po r t

G a m eC o n t r o l

Cassette

Internal

M o d e m

I B MM o n o c h r o m eDisplay

C o l o r

Graph ic s andDisplay

Light Pen

PC

640KB

N o

Yes

Yes

N o

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

N o

Yes

Yes

Yes

640KB

N o

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

N O

N o

Yes

Yes

Yes

PCjr

128KB

Yes

N o

Yes

N o

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

N o

Yes

Yes

PCjr Comments

Sha res use r R A Mwith Video Buffer

Sca n codescom pat ib le an d fu ll83 key capability

Compat ib le , butHa rdw are in terfacedifferences

Compat ib le , butdifferent address and

n o D M A s up p or t

Compat ib le

Compat ib le , hex 2F8

address, Interrupt

Level 3 , Baud-Rate-Frequency divisordifference

C om pa ib 1e inter facewith potential t imingdifferences

Compat ib le

C o m p a ti bl e t o P C

Serial Po r t hex 3F8address, InterruptLevel 4, frequencydivisor difference

Compat ib le , with

som e registerdifferences a n denchancements

Compat ib le

PCjr and Personal Computers Comparison (Part 1 o f 2)

4-10 Hardware Differences

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Device

AttachableJoyst ick

8253 Tim er( t ime of day)

8259 Interrupt

InternalS o u n d

TI 76496

S o u n dR O MC a r tridgeInterface

F u t u r e 1 / 0

R O MArchitecture

P C

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

N o

N o

Yes

PCXT

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

N o

N o

Yes

PCjr

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

P Cjr Com men s

C o m p a t i b l e

C o m p a t i b l e

S o m e difference ininterrupt levels

Compatible but lessfrequency response

C o m p a t i b l e

PCjr and Personal Computers Comparison (Part 2 of 2)

The hardware differences between the IBM PCjr and

the IBM Personal Computers may lead to

incompatibilities depending upon the specific

application. Once again; if your application maintainsan interface to the Personal Computer Family at the

BIOS and DOS interrupt levels, then all hardware

differences are handled transparently to your

application. If your application goes below the BIOSlevel and directly addresses the hardware, then there

could be an incompatibility.

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User Read/Write Memory

Memory difference can be a problem even with

programs written for the same computer, if the

available memory is not the same from one machine to

the next. Thus, the deciding factor is to state what the

minimum memory requirement is for the application,

and require that amount on the computer in question.

It is important to understand the memory aspects of the

IBM PCjr in relationship to that of the IBM Personal

Computers. The IBM PCjr can be configured for 64K

bytes or 128K bytes (with memory expansion).However, this user memory is not all available to the

application. The IBM PCjr video architecture utilizes a

minimum of 16K bytes (in graphic mode) and 2K bytes

(in alpha numeric mode) for the screen buffer.

Therefore (in graphics mode), the IBM PCjr really has

48K bytes or 112K bytes (with memory expansion)

available for system software. This is not the case with

the IBM Personal Computers, since the color graphics

adapter contains a separate 16K byte screen buffer.

Thus, a 64K bytes Personal Computer with color

graphics (extra 16K bytes) is an 80K byte system

compared to a 64K byte IBM PCjr. The IBM PCjr also

has graphic enhancements which allow more than the

16K bytes to be utilized for video screen buffers. If

these enhanced features are used in an application, theneven less is available for user memory.

Another aspect of available memory is the amount

taken away by operating systems and language

interpreters. In the case of the IBM DOS, both the

IBM PCjr and the IBM Personal Computers support

the same DOS. If your application requires the BASIC

interpreter, then there may be a difference. The IBMPersonal Computer Cassette BASIC resides entirely in

the system ROM; taking no user memory. However,

Disk BASIC or Advanced BASIC utilizes

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approximately 1OK bytes and 14K bytes respectively

from user memory. In the IBM PCjr, Advanced BASIC

capabilities (cartridge BASIC) reside in ROM, taking

no user memory.

As you can see, many items factor into user availablememory requirements. The most frequent comparison

is for the assembler language or compiled application

using a 16K-byte screen buffer operating under DOS

2.1. In this case, an application requiring 64K bytes of

user memory on an IBM Personal Computer cannot run

on the IBM PCjr without its expansion memory (128K

byte capability). This is because of the IBM PCjr video

usage of 16K bytes. Also, any application requiring

more than 112K bytes of user memory with DOS 2.1

on the IBM Personal Computers cannot run on an IBM

PCjr.

Diskette Capacity/Operation

Since the IBM PCjr maximum stand-alone

configuration is one diskette drive with a maximum

capacity of 360K bytes diskette storage ,an IBM PCjr

application is either limited by this diskette capacity or

is impacted by the user having to change diskettes more

frequently. The IBM Personal Computers can have

multiple diskette drives with a capacity of 360K bytes

diskette storage each or even possess hard files with amuch larger disk storage capacity. This capacity

difference may or may not be a concern depending

upon the specific application.

In terms of diskette interfacing, the IBM PCjr and the

IBM Personal Computers both utilize the NEC pPD765

floppy diskette controller, but with different hardware

addresses, and the IBM PCjr does not operate through

direct memory access (DMA). Since the IBM PCjr

does not have DMA capability, application programs

Hardware Differences 4-1 3

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cannot overlap diskette 1/0 operations. When diskette

1/0 takes place, the entire system is masked (operator

keystrokes and asynchronous communications cannot

take place). Therefore, the application must insure that

asynchronous operations do not take place whilediskette 1/0 is active.

Shift screen t o th e lef tShif t screen t o the r ightAud io Feedback (Sys temclicks when a key is pressed.Cu s tom er D iagnos tics

IBM PCjr Cordless Keyboard

Alt + Ct r l + cu rso r leftAlt + Ct r l + curso r r ightAlt + Ct r l + Cap s Lock

Alt + Ct r l + I n s

The Cordless Keyboard is unique to the IBM PCjr.

Even though it does not possess all 83 keys of the IBM

Personal Computers’ keyboards, it does have thecapability to generate all of the scan codes of the

83-key keyboard.

The following shows the additional functions available

on the PCjr.

PCjr Special Functions I Required Key Combinations 1

PCjr Special Functions

For more detail see “Keyboard Encoding and Usage” in

Section 5 .

Since all scan codes can be generated, any specialapplication requirements can be met on the Cordless

Keyboard.

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The highest level of compatibility to interface to

keyboards is through BIOS Interrupt hex 16 (read

keystroke). Below that level is risky since there are

hardware differences between the PCjr keyboard and

the IBM Personal Computers’ keyboards. The PCjr

system utilizes the non-maskable (NMI) Interrupt to

deserialize the scan codes and pass it to Interrupt hex

48 for compatible mapping to 83-key format. Interrupt

level 9 remains a compatible interface for 83-key

scan-code handling. It is not recommended to replace

Interrupt level 9 even though a high degree of

compatibility is maintained. If necessary, analyze this

architecture carefully.

Color Graphics Capability

The IBM PCjr color graphic architecture is quite

different from that of the IBM Personal Computers.

The main difference (as previously discussed) is that

the video buffer is taken from main user memory rather

than having separate memory for video (as in the IBMPersonal Computers). Normally, this would be an

incompatibility since applications directly address the

color graphics buffer at hex B8000. However, the IBM

PCjr has special hardware to redirect hex B8000

addressing to any specific 16K-byte block of its user

memory. The IBM PCjr defaults the video buffer to

the high end 16K-byte block of user memory and

applications can continue to address the video buffer at

hex B8000. In addition all IBM Personal Computers’

color graphics adapter modes are BIOS compatible and

memory structure (bit map) compatible. These modes

are:

Hardware Differences 4-15

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hex 3D9 are not supported by the IBM PCjr video

interface. Requests using these two addresses are not

honored.

Also there are differences in the actual video used by

the hardware. BIOS maintains compatibility by using

the appropriate PCjr video parameters (addressed

through Interrupt hex 1D) and maintains all video calls

(through Interrupt hex 10). Application can still

specify video parameter overrides by modifying

Interrupt hex 1D to address their own parameters;

however, since there are hardware differences the

recommended approach is as follows:

1. Copy the original parameters from the BIOS of the

system.

2. Change only those parameters desired.

3. Consider the specific video differences between

systems.

Other differences to be aware of are:

The IBM PCjr defaults the colorburst mode to be

off, whereas the IBM Personal Computers default

colorburst to on. Thus applications should not

assume either default but set colorburst mode

(through BIOS call) to the desired setting.The IBM PCjr video supports a full gray scale

capability which the IBM Personal Computers do

not.

There can be some color differences between the

IBM Personal Computers and the IBM PCjr;

especially when color mixing techniques are used.

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Black and White Monochrome Display

The IBM PCjr does not support the IBM Personal

Computers black and white monochrome display.

Programs which directly address the IBM PersonalComputers monochrome display are not compatible.

For example, any direct addressing of the B&W video

buffer at hex B8000 is not redirected by the IBM PCjr.Applications should support Personal Computer video

capabilities through BIOS, and the video buffer address

is either transparent to the application or the address is

provided indirectly in the BIOS data area.

RS232 Serial Port and IBM P C j r InternalModem

The IBM PCjr serial port address is hex 2F8 and is

associated with hardware Interrupt level 3. This is

compatible with a second AsynchronousCommunications Adapter on the IBM Personal

Computers. The Internal Modem address is hex 3F8

and is associated with Interrupt level 4. This is

compatible with the first Asynchronous

Communications Adapter on the IBM Personal

Computers. It is important to note that when the IBM

PCjr has the Internal Modem installed it is logicallyCOMl and the RS232 serial port is logically COM2 in

BIOS, DOS, and BASIC. Without the Internal Modem

installed the RS232 serial port is logically addressed as

COMl in BIOS, DOS, and BASIC even though its

address is still hex 2F8 using Interrupt level 3. Other

hardware differences on the PCjr serial devices are:

A different frequency divisor is needed to generatebaud rate. This is transparent to applications using

BIOS to initialize the devices (Interrupt Hex 14).No ring indicate capability on the RS232 serial port.

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Asynchronous communications input cannot be

overlapped with IBM PCjr diskette I/O. Since

diskette 1/0 operates in a non-DMA mode any

asynchronous data received during diskette activity

may be overrun (and lost). Thus, applications must

insure that no diskette activity is active whilereceiving asynchronous communication data. This

can be done by pacing the asynchronous device (tell

it to hold from sending ). The ASCII characters

XOFF and XON are frequently used by some host

computers for this purpose.

Summary

In summary, the IBM PCjr is a member of the IBM

Personal Computer family by way of its strong

architecture compatibility. The highest degree of

application compatibility can be achieved by using acommon high level language, and/ or accessing the

system only through BIOS and DOS interrupts. It’s not

recommended to go below the BIOS level even though

there are other hardware compatibilities. When it is

necessary to design for particular computer differences,

the application should determine at execution time

which particular computer it is running on. This can be

done by inspecting the ROM memory location at

segment address hex FOOO and offset hex FFFE for the

following values

hex FFhex FEhexFD

= the IBM Personal Computer

= the IBM Personal Computer XT

= the IBM PCjr

Once determined, dual paths would handle any

differences.

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Notes:

4-20 Hardware Differences

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SECTION 5.SYSTEM BIOS USAGE

Contents

R O M B I O S ............................. 5-3

BIOSUsage ............................. 5-5

Vectors with Special Meanings . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-8

Interrupt Hex 1B. eyboard Break Address 5-8 Interrupt Hex 1C . imer Tick . . . . . . . . . 5-8 Interrupt Hex 1D. ideo Parameters . . . . 5-9

Interrupt Hex 1E. iskette Parameters . . 5-9Interrupt Hex 1F and hex 44 . raphics

Character Pointers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-9

Interrupt Hex 48 . ordless Keyboard

Translation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-10

Interrupt Hex 49 -'Non-Keyboard

Scan-Code Translation-Table Address . . . 5-10

Other Read Write Memory Usage ........... 5-13

BIOS Programming Guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . 5-18

ROM-Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-18 Adapter Cards with System-Accessible

Keyboard Encoding and Usage ............... 5-21

Character Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-26

Extended Codes .................... 5-30

Cordless Keyboard Encoding 5-21

Shift States 5-31

. . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Special Handling ...................... 5-34

System Reset ...................... 5-34 Break . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-34 Pause ............................ 5-34 Print Screen ....................... 5-34 Scroll Lock ........................ 5-35

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Functions 1 thru 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-35 Function Lock ..................... 5-35 Screen Adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-35 Enable/Disable Keyboard Click . . . . . . . 5-36

Run Diagnostics .................... 5-36 Phantom-Key Scan-Code (Hex 5 5 ) . . . . . 5-36 Other Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-36

Non-K eyboard Scan-code Architecture . . . . 5-42

BIOS Cassette Logic ...................... 5-47Software Algorithms.nterrupt Hex 15 . . . . 5 4 7

Cassette Write . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-48 Cassette Read . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 4 9 Data Record Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-50 Error Detection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-51

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The basic input/output system (BIOS) resides in ROM

on the system board and provides device-level control

for the major 1/0 devices in the system. AdditionalROM modules may be located on option adapters to

provide device level control for that option adapter.

BIOS routines enable the assembly-language

programmer to perform block (diskette) or

character-level I/O-operations without concern for

device address and operating characteristics. System

services, such as time-of-day and memory-sizedetermination, are provided by the BIOS.

The goal is to provide an operational interface to the

system and relieve the programmer of the concern

about the characteristics of hardware devices. The

BIOS interface insulates the user from the hardware,

allowing new devices to be added to the system, yetretaining the BIOS-level interface to the device. In this

manner, user programs become transparent to hardware

modifications and enhancements.

The IBM Personal Computer Macro Assembler manual

and the IBM Personal Computer Disk Operating System

(DOS) manual provide useful programming information

related to this section.

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Notes:

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BIOS Usage

Access to BIOS is through the software interrupts.

Each BIOS entry-point is available through its own

interrupt, which can be found in “Personal ComputerBIOS Interrupt Vectors”, later in this section.

The software interrupts, hex 10 through hex lA, each

access a different BIOS-routine. For example, to

determine the amount of memory available in the

system,

INThex 12

invokes the BIOS routine for determining memory size

and returns the value to the caller.

AU parameters passed to and from the BIOS routines go

through the 8088 registers. The prologue of each BIOS

function indicates the registers used on the call and thereturn. For the memory size example, no parameters

are passed. The memory size, in 1K byte increments, is

returned in the Ax egister.

If a BIOS function has several possible operations, the

AH register is used at input to indicate the desired

operation. For example, to set the time-ofday, thefollowing code is required:

MOV AH,1

MOV CX,HIGH-COUNT ;establish the current

MOV DX,LOW-COUNT

INT 1AH ;set the time.

;function is to set time-of-day.

To read time-of-day:

MOV A H O ;function is to read time of day.

INT 1AH ;read the timer.

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Generally, the BIOS routines save all registers exceptfor AX and the flags. Other registers are modified onreturn, only if they are returning a value to the caller.The exact register usage can be seen in the prologue of

each BIOS function.

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0-3

4-78-BC-F

10-1314-17

18-IB

ID-IF

20-23

24-2728-2B2C-2F30-3334-3738-3B

3C-3F

40-4344-4748-4B

4C-4F

50-5 354-57

58-5B

5C-5F60-6364-6768-6B6C-6F70-7374-77

78-7B

7C-7F

InterruplNumber

0

12

345

67

8

9ABCDE

F

1011

12

1314

15

16

1718191A1B1cID

1E

1F

Name

Divide by Zero

Single StepKeyboard NMIBreakpointOverflow

Print ScreenReserved

Reserved

Time of Day

KeyboardReservedCommunicationsCommuni cationsVertical retraceDiskette ErrorHandlerPrinter

VideoEquipment CheckMemory

DisketteCommunications

Cassette

Keyboard

PrinterResident BASIC

Boot strapTime of DayKeyboard BreakTimer TickVideoInitialization

DisketteParameters

Video Graphics

Chars

BIOS Entry

D E 0 1

D E 0 1KBDNMID E 0 1

D E 0 1PR INTSC R EEND E 0 1

D E 0 1TIMERJNT

KBJNTD E 0 1D E 0 1D E 0 1D E 0 1DISKJNT

D E 0 1

VIDEOJOEQUIPMENTMEMORYSIZE-DETERMINEDISKETTEJO

RS232JOCASSETTE10

KEYBOARD10

PRINTER10F600:0000BOOT-STRAPTIME-OFDAYDUMMYRETURN

DUMMYXETURNVIDEOJARMS

DISKBASE

2RT-CHARH

Personal Computer BIOS Interrupt Vectors

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Vectors with Special Meanings

The following are vectors with special meanings.

Interrupt Hex 1B = Keyboard Break Address

This vector points to the code to be executed when

Break is pressed on the keyboard. The vector is

invoked while responding to the keyboard interrupt,

and control should be returned through an IRET

instruction. The POWER-ON routines initialize this

vector to an IRET instruction, so that nothing occurs

when Break is pressed unless the application program

sets a different value.

Control may be retained by this routine, with the

following problem. The 'Break ' may have occurred

during interrupt processing, so that one or more 'End

of Interrupt ' commands.must be issued in case anoperation was underway at that time.

Interrupt H ex 1C = Timer Tick

This vector points to the code to be executed on every

system-clock tick. This vector is invoked while

responding to the I timer interrupt, and control should

be returned through an IRET instruction. The

POWER-ON routines initialize this vector to point to

an IRET instruction, so that nothing occurs unless the

application modifies the pointer. It is the responsibility

of the application to save and restore all registers that

are modified.

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Interrupt Hex 1D - Video Parameters

This vector points to a data region containing the

parameters required for the initialization of the 6845CRT Controller. Note that there are four separate

tables, and all four must be reproduced if all modes ofoperation are to be supported. The POWER-ON

routines initialize this vector to point to the parameters

contained in the ROM video-routines. It is

recommended that if a programmer wishes to use a

different parameter table, that the table contained in

ROM be copied to RAMand just modify the values

needed for the application.

Interrupt Hex 1E - Diskette Parameters

This vector points to a data region containing the

parameters required for the diskette drive. The

POWER-ON routines initialize the vector to point to

the parameters contained in the ROMDISKETTE-routine. These default parameters

represent the specified values for any IBM drives

attached to the machine. Changing this parameter

block may be necessary to reflect the specifications of

the other drives attached. It is recommended that if a

programmer wishes to use a different parameter table,

that the table contained in ROM be copied to RAMand just modify the values needed for the application.

The motor start-up-time parameter (parameter 10) is

if the parameter value is less than 04.

overridden by BIOS to force a 500-ms delay (value 04)

Interrupt Hex 1F and hex 44 -.GraphicsCharacter Pointers

When operating in the graphics modes, the

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read/write-character interface forms the character from

the ASCII code-point, using a table of dot patterns

where each code point is comprised of 8 bytes of

graphics information. The table of dot patterns for the

first 128 code-points contained in ROM is pointed to

by Interrupt Hex 44 and the second table of 128code-points contained in ROM is pointed to by

Interrupt Hex 1F. The user can change this vector to

point to his own table of dot patterns. It is the

responsibility of the user to restore these vectors to

point to the default code-point-tables at the termination

of the program.

Interrupt Hex 48 - Cordless KeyboardTranslation

This vector points to the code responsible for

translating keyboard scan-codes that are specific to the

Cordless Keyboard. The translated scan-codes are then

passed to the code pointed to by Interrupt Hex 9 which

then handles the 83-key Keyboard scan codes.

Interrupt Hex 49 - Non-Keyboard Scan-CodeTranslation-Table Address

This interrupt contains the address of a table used to

translate non-keyboard scan-codes (scan codes greater

than 85 excluding 255.) If Interrupt hex 48 detects a

scan code greater than 85 (excluding 255) it translates

it using the table pointed to by Interrupt Hex 49. The

address that Interrupt Hex 49 points to can be changed

by users to point to their own table if different

translations are required.

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Note: It is recommended that a programmer savedefault pointers and restore them to their original

values when the program has. erminated.

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Notes:

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Other Read Write Memory Usage

The IBM BIOS routines use 256 bytes of memory

starting at absolute hex 400 to hex 4FF. Locations hex

400 to 407 contain the base addresses of any RS-232Cattachments to the system. This includes the optional

IBM PCjr Internal Modem and the standard RS232serial-port. Locations hex 408 to 40F contain the base

addresses of any parallel printer attachments.

Memory locations hex 300 to 3FF are used as a stack

area during the power-on initialization, and bootstrap,when control is passed to it from power-on. If the user

desires the stack in a different area, the area must be

set by the application.

The following is a list of the interrupts reserved for

BIOS, DOS, and BASIC.

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80-8384-8788-8 B8 C -8 F90-9394-9798-9B9C-9F

AO-FF100-115116-1 19120-1 3 1

132-135136-139

140-17F

100-17F180-19F

1AO-1 FF

200-2 172 18-3C3

3 C 4 -3 F F

Interrupt(Hex)

202122

2324252627

28-3 F40-434445-474849

50-5F

40-5 F60-67

68-7F80-8586-FO

F1-FF

Function

D O S P r o g r am T e r m i n at eDOS Func t ion Ca l lDOS Term ina te AddressDOS Ctrl Break Exit A ddressD O S F a ta l E r ro r Vecto rD O S Abso lute Disk ReadD O S A bso lu te Disk W riteD O S Termina te, F ix in S to rage

Reserved for DOSReserved for B IOSFirs t 128 Graph ics Ch arac tersReserves for BIOSC o rd les s-K ey boa r d Tra nsla t io nNon - key boa rd Scan-codeTrans la t ion Tab leReserved fo r BIOS

Reserved f or BIO SReserved for User SoftwareIn te r rup tsReservedReserved for BasicUsed by Basic Interpreter whileBA SIC is runningReserved

BIOS. BASIC. and DOS Reserved Interrupts

The following is a list of reserved memory locations.

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400-48F490-4EF

500-5FF

500

5045 10-5115 12-5 15

516-519

5 1A-51D

Mod e

R O M BIOS

DOS

DOSBASICBASIC

BASIC

BASIC

Function~~ ~ ~ ~

See BIOS ListingReserved for System UsageCommunication Area for any

application

Reserved for DOS and BASIC,

Print Screen Status Flag Store,

0-Print Screen Not Active or

Successful

Print Screen Operation,1-Print Screen In Progress,255-Error Encountered During

PrintScreen Operation,Single Drive Mode Status Byte

BASIC’s segment Address StoreClock Interrupt Vector Segment:

Offset Store

Break key Interrupt VectorSegment: Offset StoreDisk Error Interrupt Vector

Segment: Offset Store

Reserved Mem ory Loca t ions

The following is a list of the BASIC workspace

variables.

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If you do D E F SEG (Default workspacesegment):

Line number of current l ine being executedL ine num ber of las t errorOffset into segment of s tar t of pro gra m text

Offset into segment of start of variables(end of prog ram te xt 1-1)Keybo ard buf fer con tents

if 0-no characters in bufferif 1-characters in buffer

. S e t t o 1, 2, o r 3 to get tex t in colors1 t o 3.D o no t set t o 0.

(Defau l t 3)

Ch arac ter color in graphics m ode

E xa m pl e100 Pr in t Peek (&H 2E) + 256 Peek (&H2F)

) L H

2E34730

358

6A

4E

Length

B A SICWorkspace Variables

The following shows the mapping of the BIOS memory

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Starting Address in Hex

00000

00400

00500

AOOOO

68000

coooo

DO000

EOOOO

FOOOO

BIOS System Map

BIOSInterrupt

Vectors

BIOS

Data

Area

User

Read/Write

Memory

Reserved

for Future

Video

Reserved *

for Video

Reserved

for Future

I /O ROM

~

Reserved

for

Cartridges

Reserved

for

Cartridges

BIOS/

Diagnostics/

Cassette and

BASIC

Program

Area

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BIOS Programming Guidelines

The BIOS code is invoked through software interrupts.

The programmer should not Ihard code I BIOSaddresses into applications.

The internalworkings and

absolute addresses within BIOS are subject to changewithout notice.

If an error is reported by the diskette code, you should

'reset ' the drive adapter and retry the operation. A

specified number of retries should be required on

diskette Ireads to insure the problem is not due to

motor start-up.

When altering I/O-port bit-values, the programmer

should change only those bits which are necessary to

the current task. Upon completion, the programmer

should restore the original environment. Failure to

adhere to this practice may be incompatible with

present and future systems.

Adapter Cards with System-AccessibleROM-Modules

The ROM BIOS provides a facility to integrate adapter

cards with on-board ROM-code into the system.

During the Power-On Self-Test (POST), interruptvectors are established for the BIOS calls. After the

default vectors are in place, a scan for additional ROM

modules takes place. At this point, a ROM routine on

the adapter card may gain control. The routine may

establish or intercept interrupt vectors to hook

themselves into the system.

The absolute addresses hex COO00 through hex DOOOOare scanned in 2K-byte blocks in search of a valid

adapter card ROM. A valid ROM is defined as follows:

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Byte 0: hex 55

Byte 1: hex AA

Byte 2: length (multiple of 2K bytes) - A length

indicator representing the number of512-byte blocks in the ROM

(length/512). A checksum is also done to

test the integrity of the ROM module.

Each byte in the defined ROM is summed

modulo hex 100. This sum must be 0 for

the module to be deemed valid.

When the POST identifies a valid ROM, it does a 'far

call' to byte 3 of the ROM (which should be

executable code). The adapter card may now perform

its power-on initialization-tasks. The feature ROM

should return control to the BIOS routines by executing

a I far return I .

Other Usage 5-19

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Notes:

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Keyboard Encoding and Usage

The following explains how the keyboard interacts with

BIOS and how 83-key-keyboard functions are

accomplished on the Cordless Keyboard.

Cordless Keyboard Encoding

The KEYBOARD routine provided by IBM in the

ROM BIOS is responsible for converting the keyboard

scan-codes into what is termed "Extended ASCII.''

Extended ASCII encompasses one-byte

character-codes with possible values of 0 to 255, an

extended code for certain extended keyboard-functions,

and functions handled within the KEYBOARD routine

or through interrupts.

The following is the physical layout of the IBM PCjrCordless Keyboard.

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52Keyb

d odn

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The following are charts of the scan co des for the IBMPCjr Cordless Keyboard.

KeyPosit ion

1

2

34

5

67

89

101 1

121314

151617

18

19

202122

2324

2526272829

30

31

KeyboardCharacters

Make

Code(Hex)

1

234

5

67

89AB

CD

E

54F

10

11

12

13

14

15

161718191A1 B1cID

1E

Break

Code(Hex)

818283

84

8586

8788898A8B8C8D

8E

D48F

90919293

9495

969798999A9B9c

9D

9E

Cordless Keyboard Maxt ri x Scan Codes (Part 1 of 2)

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KeyPosit on

3233343536373839

4041424344454647

4849505152535455

56575859606162-

KeyboardChar act ers

S I sd l Df l F

81Gh l Hj1Jk l K11L

;I71 77

C U R . U PL F .SH I FT

Z I zX I X

c l cV Ivb l Bn/ Nm / MI<

.I>I I?R T . S H I FT

C U R . L F .

C U R . R T .A L T .S P . B A RC A P S L OC KI N S E R TD E L E T EC U R . D W N .

Pha nt om - K e y Sc a n C o de

MakeCode

(Hex)

IF20212223242526

2728482A2 c2 D2E2 F

303132333435364B

4 D38393A525350

55

9 FA 0A IA2A 3A 4A5A6

A 7A8C 8A AA CA DA EA F

BOBIB2B3B4B5B6C B

C DB8B9BAD 2D 3DO

Cordless Keyboard Matr ix Scan Codes (Part 2 of 2)

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The Cordless Keyboard is unique to the PCjr. Eventhough it does not possess all 83 keys of the IBMPersonal Computer keyboard, it does have a way inwhich you can cause all of the scan codes of the 83-key

keyboard. The following chart shows the mapping of

functions between both keyboards:

IBM Personal Computers83-key Keyboard Function

F l - F l OCtrl Break

Ct r l P r tSc (Echo Pr in t)Shi ft P r tS c (Pr in t Screen)Ct r l Num Lock (Pause)Scro l l LockNu m eric keypad region:Nu m Lo ck (Nu m b e rkeypad 1 t h r o u g h 10

becomes key scan codes.)

PgU P key

P g D n k ey

H o m e key

End key

Num eric keypad - signNum eric keypad + sign\ key’ key

key- ey* wi th Pr tScN u m e ri c k e y p a d .

All 256 extended codes:Alt + num eric valuefro m num er ic keypad

IBM PCjrCordless Keyboard Mapping

Fu nct io n key + 1-0 ( F l - F l O )

Fu nct ion key + B (Break)

Fu nc t ion key + E (Echo)Fun c t ion key + P ( P r t S c )Fu nc t ion key + Q (Pause)Fu nc t ion key + S (ScLock)

Alt + Fun c t ion key + N (1t h r o u g h 0 becomes numeric-keyscan-codes)

Funct ion key + cursor left

Fu nc t ion key + cursor right

Fu nc t ion key + c u rso r u p( Ho m e )Fu nct i on key + c u rso r d o w n

Fu nc t ion key p lus the - signFu nct i on key + = signAlt + /Alt + ’Alt + [Alt + ]Alt + .Shif t + Del

Num Lock then Alt + numer icvalue (1 t h r o u g h 0)

(pgu P)

(P g Dn )

( E n d )

83-key-Keyboard Function to Cordless-Keyboard Mapping

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Character Codes

The following character codes are passed through the

BIOS KEYBOARD-routine to the system or

application program. A -1 means the combination is

suppressed in the KEYBOARD routine. The codes are

returned in AL. See Appendix C, “Characters,

Keystrokes,and Color” for the exact codes.

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KeyNumber

1

23

4

5

6

7

8

9

10I 1

12

13

14

15 F n

16

17

18

19

O

I

Base

Case

Esc

I

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

90

-

Ba cks pace

(008)- I

-3 (009)

9

W

e

r

t

UpperCase

Esc

#

$

%

&

a

Ll-

*

1

t

Backspace

1008)

-1

<- *

2

Af-d

xr

Ctrl

Esc

-1Nul (000)

-1

-1

-1

R S O (030)

- I

- I

-1- 1

U S (031)

-1

D EL (127)

-1

-1

DCI (017)

ETB (023)

ENQ 005)

3 C 2 (018)

3 c 4 (020)

Alt

-1

*,*****

*,*****

* *****7

* *****7

* **** ** *****

7

*,******,*****

*,******,*******

-1

-1

-1

*

k

k

c

I:

Fn

**

( F l ) *,***( F 2 ) *,***( F 3 )(F4) *,***(F5) *,***(F6) *,***( F 7 ) *,***(F8) *,***(F9) *,***(F10) *,*********- 1

-1

-1

**,***( P a u s e

-1

(Echo)

- I

-1

** ***7

- Refer to “Extended Co de s” in this sect ion.:* - Refer to “Special Handling” in this section.

** - Refer to “83-Key Keyboard funct ions to C ord less Keyboard

M a p p i n g C h a r t .”*** - Uppercase for cu rso r keys ca n be selected by press ing left o r

r ight shif t or enter ing the Num lock s tat e (Al t + F n + N).**** - W he n Alt is pressed an d the keyboa rd is in the Numlock

s ta te , the upp er row of dig it s is used t o en ter A SC II codes

fo r genera t ing any chara c t e r f rom the ex tended A SC IIcha racte r se t.

Cord less -Keyboard Charac te r Cod es (Par t 1 of 4)

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KeyNumber

2223242526

2728

2930 Ct r l3132

3334353637383940

41

BaseCase

YU

1

0

P

[3

C R-1

a

S

df

gh

k1

j

7

9

UpperCase

YUI0P

1

C R-1

AS

D

F

GHJKL

77

Ctrl

E M (025)NA K (021)H T ( 00 9)

SI (015)D L E (016)

Esc (027)G S (029)

L F (010 )-1

S O H (0 01 )D C 3 (019)

E O T (004)

AC K (006)B E L L (007

BS (008)

L F (010)

VT (011)FF (012)-1

-1

Alt

*****

( I ) * * *3**

-1-1**

*******- 1

7 ***

F n

-1-1

- 1

-1**,***(Pr tScreen)-1

-1

-1-1

-1

(Scrol l Lock-1

- 1-1

- 1

- 1

- 1

-1

- 1

-1

** ***7

* - Refer to “Ex tend ed Co des ” in th is section.** - Refer to “Specia l Ha ndl in g” in th is sect ion.

*** - Refer to “83-Key Key board funct ions to CordlessKeyboa rd M app ing Cha r t .”

**** - Up perca se for curs or keys can be selected by pressing

left or right shift or en te r ing the Num lock s ta te (Al t +

F n + N).

Nu m lock s ta te , the u ppe r ro w of d igits is used to enterAS CI I codes fo r genera t ing any charac te r f rom the

ex tended A SC II charac te r se t.

***** - When Alt is pressed and the keyboard is in the

Cordless-Keyboard Character Codes (Part 2 of 4)

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KeyN umber

42

43 L eftShif t4445464748

495051525 354 RightShif t

55

56


Base Upper Alt +

Case Case Ctrl Alt F n Ctrl

Cur .Up* 8 **** -1 * **,***( H o m e )

-1 -1 -1 -1 -1

Z Z S U B ( 0 2 6 ) * -1

X X C A N (024) * -1

C C E X T ( 0 0 3 ) * -1

V V S Y N ( 0 2 2 ) * -1

b B S T X (002) * ** ***

n N S O (014) *,*** ***m M C R (013) * -1

9 < -1 - I -1

> -1 (*) * -1

I ? -1 \ - I

-1 - I -1 - I

C u r . L

*4 * * * *

* * **,*** **

9

(Break)

R e v e r s e ( P N P )W o r d

C u r . R * 6 * * * * * * ** *** **

**dvance ( P b n )

W o r d

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~ ~

KeyNumber

57 Alt5859 C a p sLock60

61

62

~ ~ ~~

BaseCase

-1S p a c e-1

Ins .Del . *C u r . D n *

FnUpperCase

-1S p a c e-1

o****

2 ********

-1S p a c e-1

-1

-1**,***E n d

Ctrl Alt

-1 -1S p a c e S p a c e- I -1

-1 *-1 *-1 *

Alt +

Ctrl

**

****

* - Refer to “Extended Co des” in th is sec t ion .** - Refer t o “Spec ia l H andl ing” in th is sec t ion .*** - Refer to “83-Key Keyb oard func t ions to C ord less

K ey b o a rd Ma p p in g C h a r t .”**** - Upp ercase fo r cursor keys can be se lected by pressing

left o r r igh t sh i ft o r en te r ing the Num lock s ta te (Al t +

F n + N ) .

Nu m lock s ta te , the upper row of d ig i ts is used to en te rAS CI I codes fo r gene ra t ing any cha rac te r f rom theex tended A SC II cha rac te r s et .

***** - W he n Alt is pressed a n d the keyb oard is in the


Extended Codes

An extended code is used for certain functions that

cannot be represented in the standard ASCII code. A

character code of 000 (Nul) is returned in AL. This

indicates that the system or application program should

examine a second code that indicates the actual

function. This code is returned in AH. This is the samefor both the Cordless Keyboard and 83-key keyboard.

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Second Code~~~ ~

3

15

16 t h r o u g h 2530 t h r o u g h 38

44 t h r o u g h 5059 t h r o u g h 68

71

72

73

7577

79

80

8182

83

84 t h r o u g h 93

94 t h r o u g h 103

104 t h r o u g h 113

114

15

16

17

1819

20 t h r o u g h 131

132

133 t h r o u g h 149

150 t h r o u g h 190

Function

Nul l Ch a rac te r

A l t Q , W , E , R , T , Y , U , I , O , PA € t A , S , D , F , G , H , J , K , LAlt Z , X , C , V , B, N , MF n + 1 , 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 0 ( F u n c t i o n s I

t h r o u g h 10)

H o m eU p A r r o w

P a g e U p

Cu rso r Left )LCu r so r R i g h t )

E n dD o w n A r ro wP a g e D o w nIns ( Inser t)De l (Dele te )FI I t h r o u g h F20 ( Up p e r Ca se FI

t h roug h F10)F21 th roug h F30 (Ct r l FI t h roug h F10)F31 t h r o u g h F40 (Al t FI th rough FIO)F n / E o r C t rl / F n / P ( S t a rt / S t o p E c h o t oPr in te r )C t r l1 Reverse Word )C t r l ( Ad v a n c e W o r d )C t r l / E n d [E r ase E n d o f L i ne ( EOL) ]

C t r l / P g D n [ E ra se t o E n d of S c r e en ( E O S ) ]C t r l / H o m e (C l e ar S c r ee n a n d H o m e )AIt / 1 , 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 , 7, 8, 9, 0, -, = (Keys 2t h r o u g h 13)

C t r l / P g U p ( T o p 25 Lines of Text andH o m e C u r . )ReservedReserved fo r Non-Keyboa rd Scan Codes

rl

Cordless Keyboard Extended Functions

Shift States

Most shift states are handled within the KEYBOARD

routine, transparent to the system or application

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program. The current set of active shift states is

available by Icalling ’ an entry point in the ROM

KEYBOARD-routine. The following keys result in

altered shift-states:

Shift

This key temporarily shifts keys 2 thru 13,16 thru 28,

3 1 thru 41, and 44 thru 53 to upper case (base case if

in Caps Lock state). The Shift key temporarily reverses

the ‘Num Lock’ or ‘non-Num-Lock’ state of keys 42,55,56, and 60 thru 62.

Ctrl

This key temporarily shifts keys 3,7, 12, 14, 16 thru

28,30 thru 38,42,44 thru 5 0 , 5 5 , and 56 to the Ctrl

state. The Ctrl key is used with the Alt and Del keys to

cause the I System Reset I function, with the Scroll

Lock key to cause the ‘Break’ function, with the Num

Lock key to cause the I Pause I function, with the Alt

and Cursor Left or Right for Iscreen adjustment I with

Alt and Ins to I activate diagnostics , and with Alt and

CapsLock to I activate keyboard clicking . These

functions are described in “Special Handling” on thefollowing pages.

Alt

The Alt key temporarily shifts keys 2 thru 13, 17 thru

26, 3 1 thru 39, and 44 thru 50 to the ’Alternate stateI .

The Alt key is used with the Ctrl and Del keys to cause

the ’ System Reset I function described in “Special

Handling” on the following pages. The Alt key is also

used with keys 27,28,41, and 53 to produce the

characters under the key.

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The Alt key has another use. This key allows the user

to enter any character code from 0 to 255 into the

system from the keyboard. The user must first put the

keyboard in the 'Num Lock ' state (concurrently press,

first Alt then Fn + n). Then while holding down the Alt

key type the decimal value of the character desired

using keys 2 thru 11. The Alt key is then released. If

more than three digits are typed, a modulo-256 result is

created. These three digits are interpreted as a

character code and are transmitted through the

KEYBOARD routine to the system or application

program. Alt is handled internal to the KEYBOARD

routine.

Caps Lock

This key shifts keys 17 thru 2 5 , 3 1 thru 39, and 44 thru

50 to 'upper case ' . A second press of the Caps Lock

key reverses the action. Caps Lock s handled internalto the KEYBOARD routine.

Shift-Key Priorities and Combinations

The following keys are listed in descending priority for

translation in Interrupt Hex 48 and Interrupt hex 9

respectively:

1.

2.

Interrupt Hex 48a. Altkey

b. Ctrikey

c. Shiftkey

Interrupt Hex 9

a. Ctrlb. Alt

c. shift

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Of the three keys listed, only At and Ctrl are a valid

combination. If any other combination of the three

keys is used, only the key with the higher priority is

recognized by the system.

Special Handling

System Reset

The Combination of the Alt, Ctrl, and Del keys causes

the KEYBOARD routine to initiate the equivalent of a

I System Reset I .

Break

The combination of the Fn and B keys results in the

KEYBOARD routine signaling Interrupt Hex 1A. The

extended characters (AL = hex 00, AH = hex 00) arere turned.

Pause

The combination of the Fn and Q keys causes the

KEYBOARD-interrupt routine to loop, waiting for any

key to be pressed. This provides a system or

application-transparent method of temporarily

suspending an operation such as list or print and then

resuming the operation by pressing any other key. The

key pressed to exit the 'Pause I mode is unused

otherwise.

Print Screen

The combination of the Fn and P eys results in an

interrupt, invoking the PRINT SCREEN routine. This

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routine works in the alphanumeric or graphics mode,

with unrecognizable characters printing as blanks.

Scroll Lock

The combination of the Fn and S key is interpreted by

appropriate application programs to indicate that the

cursor-control keys should cause Iwindowing over the

text rather than cursor movement. Pressing the 'Scroll

Lock' combination a second time reverses the action.

The KEYBOARD routine simply records the current

shift state of 'Scroll Lock I . It is the responsibility ofthe system or application program to perform the

function.

Functions 1 thru 10

The combination of the Fn key (15) and one of keys 2

thru 11 results in the corresponding IFunction ' with

key2being'Fl 'uptokeyl lbe ing F10'.

Function Lock

Concurrently pressing first the Fn key and Shift key,

and then pressing the Esc key causes keys 2 thru 11 toshift to their IFunction I states and remain there until

the same combination is pressed again.

Screen Adjustment

The combination of the Alt key, Ctrl key, and either theLeft or Right cursor movement key causes the screen to

shift one character in the corresponding direction, up to

a maximum of four.

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Enable/Disable Keyboard Click

The combination of the Alt, Ctrl, and Caps Lock keys

causes the keyboard audio feedback (click) to shift

between I on I and I off I . The Power-On default isIoff I .

Run Diagnostics

The combination of the At, Ctrl, and Ins keys causes

the system diagnostics stored in ROM to be initiated.

Phantom-Key Scan-Code (Hex 55)

The Phantom-Key scan-code is generated by the

keyboard when an invalid combination of three or more

keys is pressed. The keys pressed that caused the

Phantom-Key scan-code are not put into the keyboardbuffer, and are ignored by the keyboard

microprocessor. The Phantom-Key scan-code is

transmitted to BIOS where it is ignored.

Other Characteristics

The keyboard buffer is large enough to support a fast

typist. If a key is pressed when the buffer is full, the

character generated is ignored and the 'bell I is

sounded. A larger buffer can be specified by modifying

words at labels 'Buffer-Start' (hex 480) and

I Buffer-End ' (hex 482) to point to another offset

within segment hex 40.

The KEYBOARD routine suppresses the typematic

action of the following keys: Ctrl, Shift, Alt, CapsLock,Insert,and Function.

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Function

System Reset

Break

P a u s e

Pr in t Screen

Func t ion Lock

ScreenAdjus tment

Keyboard Cl ick

R u n Diagnos tics

KeyboardAdventureG a m e

Cassette4u t 01 oad

KeyCombinations

Alt + Ctr l + Del

F n + B

F n + Q

F n + P

F n a n d S h if tthen Esc (Held)

con cu r re n t 1y)

Alt + Ctr l +cursor r ight orcursor left

Alt + Ct r l +

C a p s L o c k

Alt + Ct r l + Ins

Esc

Ctrl + Esc

Cordless Keyboard Special Handl ing

Description

Uncon di t iona l sys tem

resetBreaks p rogram execu tio r

Resum able pause inp rog ram execu tion

Locks the numb er keys asFunct ion keys (F -F O)

and B, Q, P, E, S, and thecurso r con t ro l keys tothei r funct ion s ta tes

Al lows the user to ad jus tth e display’s im age left o rr ight

Enables o r d i sab les the

keyboard a ud io feedbackclick

In it ia te s sy st em R O Md a gnos cs

If the first key presse daf te r the sys tem comes u pin Cass et te BAS IC is Esc

(key # 1 ) t hen theKeyboa rd A dven tu reG am e will be ac t ivated.

If this is the first keysequence a f te r the sys temcomes u p in Casse t teBA SIC then the s c reen

will display ‘Lo ad

“CA Sl :” ,R fo llowed by aCar r iage Re tu rn . Th i sa l lows a casset te p rogra mto be au tom at ica l lyloaded.

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Funct ion I Keys

Stan dard func t ionkeys

W indo w Lef t I Ctr l1

S h if t F n / F1t h roughF n / F l O

Enter insert mo de I Ins

Ext ra funct ionkeys

Exit inser t mode I Ins

Alt keys2 t h rough 13

(1 th rough990)(-9 =)

Iancel cur rentline

Ext ra funct ionteys

Suspend syst em Ct r l Fn

(Pause ) P a u s e

Al t Ath rough 2

Sy stem reset I Alt C trl .Del

T o p o f d o c u m e nt C t r l F n

a n d h o m e c u rs o r I P g U p

Secondaryrunct ion keys

Sh i f t F I -F lOCt r l FI-FIOA lt F l - F l O

Comment

Wh en te xt is too wide to

f i t th e screenLine Ed i tor

Line Edi tor

C o m m a n d en t ry , te x tent ry

~~

S to p list, s to p program,

a n d so on.Resumes o n any key.

Interrupt current process

R e b o o t

Edi tors , word processors

Pr im ary funct ion keys

Ex tra funct ion keys if 10

a r e no t suff icient.

Line Edi to r

Used when funct ion s ta r t swi th th e sam e l e t te r as o n eof th e a lp ha keys.

Keyboard - Commonly Used Functions (Part 3 of 3)

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Function

Carr iage re tu rnLi ne feed

BellH o m eC u r s o r u pC u r s o r d o w nCu rso r leftCu rsor r ightAdva nc e on e wordReverse on e word

InsertDeleteCle ar screenFreeze ou tpu tT a b a dv an ceS to p E xe c ut ion (b rea k )Delete curren t l ineDele te to end of l ine

Pos i t ion cursor to end of l ine

I (Enter)C t r l LJ (Enter)

C t r l GF n H o m eU p A r ro wD o w n A r r o w1

Ct r lC t r l

In sDelC tr l F n H o m eF n P a us e

F n B re akEscC t rl F n E n d

F n E nd

L

BASIC Screen Editor Special Functions

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Function

S u s p e n dE c h o t o p r in t erS to p e ch o t o p r in te rExi t curren t func t ion (break)Backspace

Li ne feedCan ce l l ineC o p y c h a rac t e rC o p y u n t il m a t c h

C o p y r e m a in ing

S k ip c h a ra ct e rSk ip un ti l ma tchEn te r in ser t mo deExi t inse r t modeM ake new l ine the t empla teS t ri n g s e p ar a to r in R E P L A C EEnd of f i le in keyboard input

F n P a us eF n E c ho

F n E c h oF n B re ak+ ey 14C t r l L), (En te r )EscF n F 1 o rF n F 2F n F3DelF n F 4In sIn sF n F 5F n F 6F n F 6

DOS Special Functions

Non-Keyboard Scan-code Architecture

The architecture of the IBM PCjr BIOS is designed to

also receive scan codes above those generated by the

keyboard to accommodate any future device.

The keyboard generates scan codes from hex 1 to 55

and FF. Any scan codes above hex 55 ( 56 thru 7E or

Imake codes and D6 thru FE for Ibreak ' codes) are

processed by BIOS in the following manner:

1. If the incoming Imake I scan code falls within the

range of the translate table, whose address is

pointed to by BIOS Interrupt Hex 49, it is translated

into the corresponding scan code. Any incoming

'break I codes above hex D5 are ignored.

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2. If the new translated scan code is less than hex 56,it is processed by BIOS as a keyboard scan-code

and the same data is placed in the BIOS keyboard

buffer.

3. If the translated scan-code is greater than hex 55 or

the incoming scan-code is outside the range of the

translate table, hex 40 is added, creating a new

extended-scan-code. The new extended-scan-code

is then placed in the BIOS keyboard buffer with the

character code of OO(null). This utilizes the range

hex 96 thru BE for scan codes hex 56 thru 7Erespectively.

The default translate-table maps scan codes hex 56 thru

6A to existing keyboard-values. Scan codes hex 6Bthru BE are mapped (by adding hex 40) to extended

codes of hex AB thru FE, since these are out side the

range of the default translate-table.

Users can modify Interrupt Hex 49 to address their owntranslate table if mapping differences are desired.

The translate table format is:

Description

0 Length - The number of non-keyboard

scan-codes that are mapped within the table(from 1 to n).

Word with low-order byte representing the

scan-code-mapped values relative to the input

values in the range of hex 56 thru 7E.

1 o n

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8-Bits

Hig h Byte - 0 (NUL)

Lo w Byte - Scan Code1

tI

I

Low Byte - Scan Code

Hig h Byte - 0 (NUL)I - 3Lo w Byte - Scan Code

0 0

0

0 0

0 0

0

0 0

I 1 H i g h B y t e - O ( N U L )

II Low Byte - Scan Code

Translate Table Format

With this architecture, all keyboard scan-codes can beintercepted thru Interrupt Hex 9 and al l non-keyboardscan-codes can be intercepted thru Interrupt Hex 48.

The following is a chart showing the default values ofthe translate table in BIOS.

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Length = 20 mapped values

InputScan Code

8687888990919293949596979899

100

101

I02I03I04105

Mapped KeyboardValue Character

72737781

807975715728171831454443

301615

1

( cu r so r up )

(curso r r igh t )P g D n( c u r so r d o w n )E n d(cu rso r lef t)H o m e

S p a c eE n te rW

ES

XZ\

AQT a bEsc

P g U P

Translate Table Defaul t Values

Scan Codes(Hex)

1 - 5 5

56 - 7E

81 - D 5

D 6 - F E

FF

Type of Scan Code

N o r m a l K e y b o ar d S c a n C o d e ( M a k e )

N o n - K e y b oa r d S c a n C o d e ( M a k e )

N o r m a l K e y b o a rd S c a n C o d e (B r e a k)

N o n - K e y b oa r d S c a n C o d e ( B r ea k )

Keyboard Buffe r Fu l l

Scan-Code Map

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Notes:

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BIOS CassetteLogic

Software Algorithms = Interrupt Hex 15The CASSETTE routine is called by the request type in

AH. The address of the bytes to be 'read' from or

Iwritten ' to the tape is specified by DS:BX and the

number of bytes to be 'read I or 'written is specified

by CX. The actual number of bytes 'read ' is returned

in DX. The read block and write block automatically

turn the cassette motor on at the start and off at the

end. The request types in AH and the cassette status

descriptions follow:

Request

Type

A H = OA H = 1A H = 2

A H = 3

Function

T u r n C a ss ette M o t o r O nT u r n C a ss ett e M o t o r OffRead T ap e BlockRead CX by te s in to memo ry s t a rt ing at

Address D S: BXRetu rn ac tua l num ber of bytes read in D XRetu rn Casset te S ta tus in A H

W rite T ap e BlockW ri te C X bytes on to casse tte s ta r t ing a tAddress DS:BX ,

Retu rn Casset te S ta tus in A H

AH Request Types

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CassetteStatus

A H = 0 0A H = O I

A H 1 0 2A H = 0 4

A H - 8 0

INote: T h e ca r ry f lag will be se t on a ny error .

Description

N o ErrorsCyclic Redundan cy Check (CR C) Er ror inRead BlockN o D at a T rans i ti ons

N o LeaderInva lid Com ma nd

~

AH Cassette Status

Cassette Write

The WRITE-BLOCK routine writes a tape block

onto the cassette tape. The tape block is described in

“Data Record Architecture” later in this section.

The WRITE-BLOCK routine turns on the cassette

drive motor and ‘writes the leader (256 bytes of all

1’s) to the tape, writes I a synchronization bit (0), and

then writes I a synchronization byte (ASCII character

hex 16). Next, the routine ’writes ’ the number of data

bytes specified by CX. After each data block of 256bytes, a 2-byte cyclic redundancy check (CRC) is

I written I . The data bytes are taken from the memory

location pointed at by DS:BX.

‘Ie WRITE-BLOCK routine disassembles and

writes I the byte a bit-at-a-time to the cassette. The

method used is to ‘set Timer 2 to the period of the

desired data bit. The timer is set to a period of 1O

millisecond for a 1bit and 0.5 millisecond for a 0 bit.

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The timer is I set I to mode 3, which means the timer

outputs a square wave with a period given by its count

register. The timer's period is changed on the fly for

each data byte 'written' to the cassette. If the number

of data bytes to be I written ' is not an integral multiple

of 256, then, after the last desired data byte frommemory has been 'written ' , he data block is extended

to 256 bytes of writing multiples of the last data byte.

The last block is closed with two CRC bytes as usual.

After the last data-block, a trailer consisting of four

bytes of all 1 bits is 'written I . Finally, the cassette

motor is I turned off I if there are no errors reported by

the routine. ll 8259 interrupts are I disabled I duringcassette-write operations.

-

Zero B i t

-

500 PS t

One B i t

I_ 1000 P S - I

Cassette-Write Timing Chart

Cassette Read

The READ-BLOCK routine turns on ' the cassette

drive motor and then delays for approximately0.5

second to allow the motor to come up to speed.

The READ-BLOCK routine then searches for the

leader and must detect all 1 bits for approximately 1/4

of the leader length before it can look for the sync (0)

bit. After the sync bit is detected, the sync byte

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(ASCII character hex 16) is 'read I . If the sync byte is

'read' correctly, the data portion can be 'read'. If a

correct sync byte is not found, the routine goes back

and searches for the leader again. The data is 'read ' a

bit-at-a-time and 'assembled ' into bytes. After eachbyte is 'assembled', it is 'written' into memory at

location DS:BX and BX s incremented by 1.

r

Leader

After each multiple of 256 data bytes is 'read', the

CRC is 'read' and 'compared' to the CRC generated.

If a CRC error is detected, the routine exits with the

carry flag 'set ' to indicate an error and the status of

A H 'set ' to hex 01. DX ontains the number of bytes'written' into memory.

Sync Sync Data CRC Data CRC

Bit Byte Block Block

All 8259 interrupts are 'disabled ' during the

cassette- 'read ' operations.

Data Record ArchitectureThe WRITE-BLOCK routine uses the following format

to record a tape block onto a cassette tape:

(CASSETTE TA PE BLOCK)

MotorOn

MotorOff

Cassette Write-Block Format

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Component

LeaderSy nc Bit

Sy nc ByteD a t a Blocks

CRC

Data Record Components

Description

256 Bytes (of All 1’s)O n e 0 bit

A SC II Cha rac te r hex 16256 Bytes in Length2 Bytes fo r each D a ta Block

Error Detection

Error detection is handled through software. A CRC is

used to detect errors. The polynomial used is G(X)=

X16 + XI2 + X5 + 1,which is the polynomial used by

the synchronous data l ink control interface.

Essentially, as bits are Iwritten I to or Iread ’ from the

cassette tape they are passed through the CRC registerin software. After a block of data is Iwritten I , the

complemented value of the calculated CRC register is

Iwritten on the tape. Upon reading the cassette data,

the CRC bytes are read I and Icompared to the

generated CRC value. If the read CRC does not equal

the generated CRC, the processor’s carry flag is ‘set

and the status of AH is Iset I to hex 01, which indicatesa CRC error has occurred. Also, the routine is exited

on a CRC error.,

8/12/2019 jrtech


Notes:

5-52 BIOS Cassette Logic

8/12/2019 jrtech


Appendixes

Contents

Appendix A .R O M BIOS LISTING ..........A-3

Appendix B.LOG IC D IA G R A M S ........... B-1

Appendix C.CHARACTERS. KEYSTROKES. and

COLOR ................................ C-1

Appendix D.UNIT SPECIFICATIONS . . . .D-1 System Unit ........................... D-1

Size: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-1

Weight: ........................... D-1

Transformer: ....................... D-1

Environment: ....................... D-1 Cordless Keyboard ..................... D-2

Size: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-2

Weight: ........................... D-2

Optional Cable: ..................... D-2

Diskette Drive ....................... D-3 Size: ............................ D-3

Weight: ........................... D-3

Power: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-3

Mechanical and Electrical . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-4

Color Display ......................... D-5

Size: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-5

Weight: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-5

Heat Output: ....................... D-5

Power Cables: ...................... D-5

Graphics Printer ....................... D-6 Size: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-6

Weight: ........................... D-6

8/12/2019 jrtech


Heat Output: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-6

Power Cable: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-6

Signal Cable: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-6

Electrical: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-6

Internal Modem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-7

Power: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-7 Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-7

Compact Printer ....................... D-8

Size . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-8

Weight ........................... D-8

Heat Output ...................... D-8

Power Cable ...................... D-8

Signal Cable ...................... D-8

Electrical ......................... D-8

A-2

8/12/2019 jrtech


= 0060

= 0038= 0007= 0061

= 0062= 0063= 0089

= 00-

= 0021= 0020

= 0040

= 0043= 0040= 0061

= 0 3 D A= OOAO= OOBO= 03DF= 0060

= 4000= 2000

= OOF2= 0080

= 0020= 0040= 0001

= 00F4

= 0020

= 0040

= OOBO= OOF5

0000

0008

0008

ooocoooc001400 14

0020

00200040

0040

0070

0070

00740074

0060

006000780078

0 0 7 C0 0 7 C0110

0110

0 120

0120

012401240204020402080208

022402240400

04000400

7COO7COO7COO

THE B I O S ROU TIN ES ARE HEANT TO B E ACCESSED THROUGHSOFTUARE INTERR UPTS ONLY ANY ADDRESSES PRESENT I NTHE LI ST IN G S ARE INCLU DED ONLY FOR COHPLETENESS,

A B S OLUT E A DDRES SE S U I T H I N T H I S CODE V I O LA T E T HESTRUCTURE AND D ES IG N OF B I O S

NOT FOR REFERENCE APPLICATIONS u n t c n REFERENCE

...............................................................

.......................................EQUATES---------___------_____________________

~ O R T - A EQU 60H , 8255 PORT A ADDRCPUREC EQU 3BH , H A W FO R C PU REG B I T SC R T R E C E a u 7 , HASK FOR CRT REG B I T SP ORT-B E a u 6111 , 825s PORT B AOORP ORTJ E a u 6 2 ~ , 8 2 5 s PORT c AODRCHD-PORT Ea u 6 3 ~

H.OOE-B255 Ea u IOOOIOO IB

E O 1 ~ a u 2014

T I H E R E a u OHT I H - C T L E a u 4314 , 8253 TIHER CONTROL PORT ADDR

I NTA O O E Q U 20 H , 8259 PORTI NTAO I EQU 2 1 H , 8259 PORT

TIHERO E Q U 40 H , 8 2 5 3 T I H E R l C N T E R 0 PORT ADDRKB-CTL EQU 61H , CONTROL B I T S FOR KEYBOARDVCA-CTL EQU 3D AH , VIDEO GATE ARRAY CONTROL PORTNHI-PORT EQU OAOH , NHI CONTROL PORTPORT-BO Eau o ~ o nPACREG Eau OBOFH , CRT ~CP UPACE REGISTERKBPORT Eau O ~ O H , KEYBOARD PORT

DI A C-T A B LE - PT R E Q U 40 00 HH I N l E QU 2 OO OH.......................................

D I S K E T T E E Q UA T ES.......................................NEC-CTL EQU OF 2H , CONTROL PORT FOR THE D I S K E T T EFDC-RESET E Q U BOH , R E S E T S T H E N EC ( F L O PP Y D I S K

, CONTROLLER) 0 RESETS,, I RELEA SES THE RESET

YO-ENABLE EQU 2 0 H , E N A B L E S U A TC H DO C T I H E R I N N ECUD-STROBE EQU 40 H , STROBES YATCHDOC TIHERDRIVE-ENABLE E a u o i n , SELECTS AND ENABLES D R I V E

NEC-S TA T E a u O F ~ H , STATUS REGISTER FOR THE NECBUSV-Bl T EQU 2OH , B I T = 0 AT END OF EXECUTtON PHASE010 E Q U 4 0 H , I N O l C A T E S D I R E C T I O N O F T R AN S FE RRQH EQU SOH , REQUEST FOR HASTERN EC-DATA EQU OFSH , DAT A PORT FOR THE NEC

.......................................BOB8 I NT E RRUP T LO CA T I O NS.......................................ABSO SEGHENT AT 0

ORC

ORCNWI-PTR

I NT3-PTR

I NT5-PTR

I NT-PTR

V I DE O - I NT

I NTIC-PTR

PARH-PTR

B A S 1C-PTR

DI S K - P O I NT E R

EXT-PTR LABEL

CSET-PTR

KEY62-PTR

E X S T

I N T B I L AB EL

I N T B 2 L A B E L

I N T 8 9 L A B E L

DATA-AREADATA-UORD

BOOT-LOCNABSO ENDS

ORC

ORG

ORC

ORC

ORC

ORC

ORC

ORC

ORC

ORC

ORC

ORC

ORC

ORC

ORC

ORC

2* 4L A B E L3*L A B E L5*4L h B E LB* 4

L A B E LI O H N 4L A B E L

L A B E L1DHN4L A B E L18HN4L A B E L0 1 E H N 4L A B E L0J F HN4DUORO

L A B E L

L A B E L0 4 9 H N 4L A B E L0 8 1 H N 4UORD

UORD

UORD

~ C H M

0 4 4 ~ ~ 4

0 4 8 ~ ~ 4

0 ~ 2 ~ ~ 4

0 8 9 ~ ~ 4

aoon

UORD

UORO

UORD

OUORD

UORD

UORD

DUORD

UORD

DUORD

DUORD

UORD

UORD

..

L A B E L B Y T ELABEL UORD

L A B E L F A R7coon

P O I NT E R TO V I DE O P A RHS

E NT RY P O I NT F O R CA S S E T T E B A S I CINTERRUPT mi

L O C A T I O N O F P O I N T E RP O I NT E R T O E X T E NS I O N

P O I NT E R T O DOT P A T T E RNS

P O I NT E R TO 62 KEY KEYBOARD CODE

P O I NT E R T O E X T . S CA N T A B LE

bBSOLUTE LO CAT ION OF DATA SECHENT

8/12/2019 jrtech


0000

0000 . EO C

0 100

0 100

00000000 04 C

7777

1

7777

0 0 0 8 04 I

1

0010 7777

0 0 1 2 77

0013 7 77

0015 7 ’ ) 7 7

0017 77

= 0 0 4 0

= 0 0 2 0= OOOE= 0004= 0 0 0 2= 0001O O l E 77

= OOEO= 0040

= 0 0 2 0= 0010= 0 0 0 8

0 0 0 4

= 0002

0019 -7

O O I A 7777

O O l C 7777

O O l E 10 c7777

3

= 0 0 4 5= 0046= 0038= O O l D

0 0 3 A0 0 2 A0 0 3 6

= 0 0 5 2= 0053

0 0 3 E ? 7

0 0 3 F 17

0040 7?

= 0025

0 0 4 1 77

= OOEO= 0 0 4 0= 0 0 2 0= 0010= 0009

= OOOE= 0 0 0 4

0003

= 0002= 0001

0 0 4 2

= 0 0 2 0= 012c

5 OOAF

= 0003= 0019

= 0004

77

07 C

I

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ - _ - -- - -, STACK -- USED D U R I N G I N I T I A L I Z A T I O N ON LY

STACK SEGMENT AT 30 HDU 1 2 8 D U P ( 7 )

P R I N T E R - E A S E DU 4 D U P ( 7 ) , A D D R E S S E S O F P R I N T E R S

E Q U I P - F L A G OU 7 , I N S T A L L E D H A R D U A R E

KED-ERR D E , COUNT OF KEYBOARD TRANSMI T ERRORS

MEMORY-SIZE DU , U S A B L E MEM ORY S I Z E I N K B Y T E STRUE-MEM DU 7 , R E A L MEM ORY S I Z E I N K B Y T E S____________________-----_---_-----_---

KEYBOARD DATA AREAS

LE-FLAG DE ?.----- S H I F T F L A G E O U AT E S U I T H I N K E- FL AG

CAPS LOCK STATE HAS BEEN TOGGLED

NUM LOCK STATE HAS BEEN TOGGLED

CAPS-STATE EQU

NUM-STATE EOU

C T L - S H I F T E O UA L T -S H I F T E Q U

L E F T - S H I F T EQUR I G H T - S H I F T E O UKE-FLAG-1 DE

C A P S -S H I F T E O U

S C R O L L - S H I F T E Q UHOLD-STATE EQU

I N S - S H I F T E Q U

NUM-SHI FT EOU

C L I CK-ON EOU

C L I C K - S E O U E N C E E O U

A L T - I N P U T DE

BUFFER-HEAD OU

B U F F E R - T A I L DUKE-BUFFER DU

4 0 H ,2 0 H ,OEH ,04H ,0 2 H ,01H ,

EOH ,4 0 H ,2 0 H ,IO H ,OEH ,0 4 H ,

02H ,

7

7

7

7

16 D U P ( 7 )

A L T E R N A T E S H I F T K E Y D E P R ES S E DC O N T R O L S H I F T K E Y D E P R E S S E DL E F T S H I F T K E Y D E P R E S S E DR I G H T S H I F T K E Y D EP R ES SE DSECOND BYTE OF KEYBOARD STATUSI N S E R T K E Y IS DEPRESSEDCAPS LOCK KEY IS DEPRESSEDNUM LOCK KEY IS DEPRESSEDS C R O L L L O C K K E Y IS DEPRESSEDSUSPEND KEY HAS BEEN TOGGLEDI N D I C A T E S T H AT A U D I O F E E D BA C K ISE N A B L E DOCURRNCE OF ALT-CTRL-C APSLOC K HASOCCUREDSTORAGE FOR ALTERNATE KEYPADE N T R YP O I N T E R T O H E A D O F K E Y B O A R D B U F FP O I N T E R T O T A I L O F K E YB O AR D B U F F, ROOM FOR 15 E N T R I E S

--_--- HEAD = T A I L I N D I C A T E S T H A T TH E BU F F ER IS EMPTYNUPKEY EOU 69 , SCA N CODE FOR NUMBER LOCKSCROLL-KEY EQU 70 , S C R O L L L O C K K E YALT-KEY EOU 56 , A L T E R N A T E S H I F T K E Y SC A N C O DECTL-KEY E OU 2 9 , SCAN CODE FOR CONTROL KEYCAPS-KEV EOU 58 , S C A N CO D E F O R S H I F T L O C K

LEFT-KEY E QU 4 2 , S C AN C OD E F O R L E F T S H I F TR I G H T - K E Y E OU 5 4 , S C A N C OD E F O R R I G H T S H I F T

I NS-KEY E O U E 2 , S C A N C OD E F OR I N S E R T K E Y

D EL-KEY E O U E 3 , S C A N C O D E F O R D E L E T E K E Y.......................................

D I S K E T T E D A T A A R E A S

MOTOR-STATUS DE

MOTOR-COUNT DE

MOTOR-UAI T EQ U

D I S K E T T E - S T A T U S DET I ME-OUT EOUBAD-SEEK EOUEAD-NEC EOUBAD-CRC EOUDMA-EOUNDARV EQU

EAD-DMA EQURECORD-NOT-FND EQUU R I TE-PROTECT EQU

BAD-AODR-MARK EQU

NEC-STATUS DEEAD-CMD EOU

SEEK-END EQUTHRESHOLD EOU

PARMO EQU

PARM 1 EQUPARMS EQUP A R M I O E O U

7

7

7

37

7

EOH

4 0 H2 0 HIOH0 9 H

OEH04HO 3 H

0 2 H0 IH7 DUP ( 7 )

D R I V E R E C A L I B R A T I O N S T A T U S

B I T 0 = D R I V E N E E D S R E C A L B E F O R EN E X T S E E K I F B I T IS = 0

MOTOR STATUSB I T 0 = D R I V E 0 IS CURRENTLY

R U N N I N GT I M E O U T CO U NT ER F O R D R I V ET U R N O F F2 SECS OF COUNTS FOR MOTORTURN OFFR E T U RN C O DE S T A T U S B Y T EA T T AC H M E N T F A I L E D T O R E SP ON DS E EK O P E R A T I O N F A I L E DN E C C O N T R O L L E R H A S F A I L E DB A D C R C O N D I S K E T T E R E A DATTEMPT TO DMA ACROSS 64KBOUNDARYDMA OVERRUN ON OPERATI ONREOUESTED SECTOR NOT FOUNDW R I T E A T T EM P T E D O N W R I T E

P R O T E C T E D D I S KADDRESS MARK NOT FOUNDE A 0 C O M M A N D G I V E N T O D I S K E T T E 110

; STATUS BYTES FROM NEC

20H

300 ; N UM EE R O F T I M E R - 0 T I C K S T I L L

O A F H ; PARAMETER 0 I N T H E O lS K- PA R M; E N A B L E

; T A B L E3 ; PARAMETER I

4 ; PARAMETER 10

25 ; PARAMETER 9

8/12/2019 jrtech


00490 0 4 A0 0 4 C0 0 4 E0050

0060

00620063

0065

??????????????

OB t????

1

????

??????

??

0066 ??

0067 ????0069 ????0068 ??

0 0 6 C ????0 0 6 E ????0070 ??

0071 ??0072 ????

0074 ??0075 ??0076 ??

0077 ??

0 0 7 C 04 t

??1

0080 ????0082 ????0084 ??

OOBS ??OOB6 ??

= OOOF0087 ??

0088 ??= 0004

= 0080= 0040= 0020= 0010= OOOB= 0004= 0 0 0 2= 00010089 7 ?

OOBA ??

OOBS

00000000 ??

0001 ??0002 ????

0004 ? ? .

.--___________--_-__--------------------

V I D E O D I S P L A V D A T A A RE A. .......................................

OB 7 ; CURRENT CRT MOO€RT-MODE

CRT-COLS DU ? ; NUMBER OF COLUMNS ON SCREENCRT-L E N DU ? ; L E N G TH O F R E G EN I N B Y T E SCRTJTART ou ? ; S T A R T I N G A D D RE SS I N R E GE N B U FF E RCURSOR-POSN DU B D U P I ? ) ; CURSOR FOR EACH OF UP TO B P A GE S

CURSOR-MODE D U ? ; CURRE NT CURS OR MODE S E TTINGA CTIV E -P A GE OB ? ; C U RR E NT P A G E B E I N G D I S P L A Y E DADOR-6B45 D U ? ; B A S E AD D RE SS F O R A C T I V E D I S P L A Y

CRT-MODE-SET OB ? ; C U R R E N T S E T T I N G O F T H E

C R T - P A L L E T T E OB ? ; C U R R EN T P A L E T T E M AS K S E T T I N G

; CARD

; CRT MODE RE GIS TE R

.-------______--________________________

C A S S E T T E D A T A A R E A.---------------------------------------~ D C E - C N T D U ? ; TIME COUNT A T DA TA E DGECRC-REG D U ? ; C R C R E G I S T E RL A S T-V A L OB ? ; L A S T I N P U T V A L U E

T I M E R D A T A A R E A.---------__-_-----_--------------------

I MER-LOU DU ? ; L OU UORD OF T IME R COUNTT I M E R - H I G H D U ? ; HI GH UORD OF T IM E R COUNTT I MER-OFL OB ? ; T I M E R H A S R O L L E D O VE R S I N C E L A S T

; READ.-----------___-----____________________

S Y S T E M D A T A A R E A.----------____-----____________________E IOS -E RE A K DE ? ; B I T 7 = 1 I F B R E A K K E Y H A S B E E N H I TRESET-FLAG DU ? ; U O R D = 1 2 3 4 M I F K E Y B OA RD RE S E T

; UNDERUAY.----------____-------------------------

E X T R A D I S K E T T E D A T A A R E AS.---------__--_-------------------------

~ R A C K O OB ?

TRACK 1 OB ?T R A C K 2 D E ?

OB ?.----------_------------------------------------

P R I N T E R AN D R S 2 3 2 T I M E - O U T V A R I A B L E S.---------__--_---------------------------------;RINT-TM-OUT DB 4 DUPI?)

R S 2 3 2 - T IM - O U T O B 4 D U P I ? )

.......................................A O D I T I O N A L K E YB O AR D D A T A A RE A.......................................

EUFFER-START ou 7

BUFFERJND DU 7

I NTR-FLAG OB 7 , F L A G TO I N D I C A T E A N I N T E R R U P T, HAPPENED.......................................

, 62 K E Y K E Y B OA RD DA TA A RE A

iUR-CHAR OB 7 , CURRE NT CHA RA CTE R FOR TY P A MA TICVAR-DELAY OB 7 , D ET ER MIN ES W E N I N I T I A L D E L A Y IS

. . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . .

, OVERDELAY-RATE E a u OFH , INCREASES INTAL DELAYCUR-FUNC OB 7 , C U R R E N T F U N C T I O N

KB-FLAG-2 OB 7 , OR0 B Y T E O F K E Y B O A R D F L A G SR AN GE E a u 4 , N UM BE R O F P O S I T I O N S T O S M I F T

, D I S P L A Y......................................., B I T A S S I G N M E T S F O R K B -F L AG - 2.......................................~N-FLAG E a u eonFN-BREAK E a u 4011FN-PENDING E a u 2 0 1 4F N L O C K E a u i o nT Y PE -O F F E a u OBHH A LF -R A TE E a u O ~ HINIT-DELAY E a u 0214P UT C HA R E OU O l HHORZ-POS OB 7 , C U R R E N T V A L U E O F H O R I Z O N T A L

PAGDAT OB 7 , I M A G E O F D A T A U R I T T E N T O P AG R E G

D A T A E N D S

, S TA RT P A RM

.......................................E X TRA DA TA A RE A

-------------A T sonOB 7

AREA IS USEDR E S I O E N T )OB 7

D U 7

OB 7

-------

D U R I N G D I A G N O S T I C S

TO CURRE NT P A GE FOR DI A G ME NUCURRE NT ROUlCOL UMN COORDINA TE SF O R D I A G M E N UI N T E R N AL I E XT E R N A L E 2 5 0 URAP

I NO I CATOR

--------------~ ~ D A T AEGMENTS TA TUS -B Y TE, T H E F O L L O U I N G

(POST AND ROM~CP-MENU-PACE

DCP-ROU-COL

URAP-FLAG

-----

ONL Y

8/12/2019 jrtech


ooos ??0006 ????

OOOE ????

OOOA ????

oooc ? 7 ? ?

OOOE ????0010 7 7

0011 ??

0 0 1 2 ????

0 0 1 4 ????

0016 ????O O l E ??

0019 09 C

??1

0 0 2 6 7 ? 7 ?

OOZE 77

0029

ooze 7 7 7 7

OOZD 7 7 7 7

0 0 2 F 7 7 7 7

0031 7 7 7 3

0033 7777

0035 7 7 7 7

0037 7777

0039 7 7 7 7

0038 7 7 7 ?

0 0 3 D

0000

0000 7 7

0001 7

0 0 0 2 77

0003 7 7

0004 7 7

ooos 7 7

0006 7 7

0007 7 7

OOOE 7 7

0009 08 C

00

00

00

00

I

= 0 2 0 00029 0 2 0 0 C

00

1

0 2 2 9 0100 t

6 DOB

1

0 4 2 9 7 7

0 4 2 A 77

0 4 2 8 7 7

0 4 2 C 7 7 ) 7

0 4 2 E 7 V 7 7

0 4 3 0 7 7 7 7

0 4 3 2 7 7 7 7

0 4 3 4 7 7 3 7

0 4 3 6 7 7 7

0 4 3 8 7 7 7 7

0 4 3 A 7 7 7 7

0 4 3 C 7 7 7 7

0 4 3 E 7 7 7 7

0440 7 7 7 7

0 4 4 2 7 7 7 7

HFG-TSTMEW-TOT

HEM-DONES

HEM-DONE0

I T I C 0

I N T I C sMENU-UP

D ON E 1 2 8

KEDONE

DE ?D U ?

DU ?

D U 7

D U 7

D U 7

D E 7

D E 7

D U

I N I T I A L I Z A T I O N F LA GU OR D E O U I V . T O H I G H E S T S EG M EN T I NMEMORYCURRENT SEGMENT VALUE FORBACKGROUND HEM TESTCURRENT OFFSET VALUE FORBACKGROUND HEM TESTS A V E A RE A FO R I N T E R R U P T I CR O U T I N E

F L A G T O I N D I C A T E U HE T H ER M EN U IS

ON SCREEN (FFZ YES , O=NO)COUNTER TO KEEP TRACK OF 1 2 8 BYT E

B L O C K S T E S T E D BY BGMEMTOTAL K OF MEMORY THAT H AS BEENTESTED BY BACKGROUND HEM TEST

.......................................POST DATA AREA

.......................................~O-ROM-INIT D U 7 , P O I N T R TO O PT I O N A L 1 1 0 ROM I N I T

IO-ROM-SEG DU 7 , P O I N T E R T O I O ROM SEGMENTPOST-ERR DE 7 , F L A G T O I N D I C A T E E R R OR O C CU R RE D

MODEM-BUFFER DE 9 D U P ( 7 ) , MODEM RESPONSE BUFFER

, R O U T I N E

, D U R I N G P O S T

, ( M A X 9 C H A R S )MFG-RTN DU 7 , P O I N T E R TO M F G O U T P UT R O U T I N E

DU......................................., S E R I A L P R I N T E R D A T A

&P-FLAG DUSP-CHAR DE 7

.......................................

, T H E F O L L O U IN G S I X E N T R I E S A RE, D A T A P E R T A I N I N G T O N E U S T I C K

NEU-STICK-DATA DU 7 , R I G H T S T I C K D E L A YDU -a , R I G H T B U T T O N A D E L A Y

DU , R I G H T B U T T O N E D E L A YD U 7 , L E F T S T l C K D E L A YDU , L E F T B U T T O N A D E LA YDU , L E F T B U T T O N E D E L A YDU 7 , R I G H T S T I C K L O C A T I O N

D U , UNUSED, UNUSEDU 7

DU 7 , L E F T S T I C K P O S T I T O NXXDATA ENDS

, D I S K E T T E D A T A A R E A

.......................................

DKDAT A SEGMENT AT 60H

NUM-DR I VE DED U A L DEO P E R A T I O N DED R I V E DETRACK DEHEAD DE

SECTOR DE

NUM-SECTOR DESEC DE, F OR MA T I DTK-HD-SC DE

7

7

7

7

7

7

7

7

7

E DUP(O, O, O , O) , TRACK, HEAD, SECTOR, NUH OF

; SECTOR, B U F F E R F O R R E A D A N D W R I T E O P E R A T I O NDK-BUF-LEN EQU 5 1 2 ; 5 1 2 E Y T ES IS E C T ORREAD-EUF DE D K -E U F- LE N D U P ( 0 )

UR I TE-EUF DE ( D K - B U F - L E N 1 2 ) D U P ( 6 D H , OEH)

I N F O F L A G SREQUEST-IN DB 7 , S E L E C T I O N C H A R A C T E RD K - E X I S T E D DE 7

DK-FLAG DE 7

RAN-NUM D U 7

SEEDD U

7

, S P E E D T E S T V A R I A B L E SDK-SPEED DU 7

T I M - 1 DU 7

T I M - L - I D U 7

T I M-2 DU 7

T I M-L-2 DU 7

FRACT-H D U 7

FRACT-L DU 7

PARTJYCLE DU 7

UHOLE-CYCLE DU 7

H A L F - C Y C L E DU 7

8/12/2019 jrtech


0444 ??0445 ??0446 ??0447 77

0448 ??

0449

00000000 4000 I

??1

4000

E RROR P A RA ME TE RS

~K-ER-OCCURED DE 7 ;ERROR HA S OCCURREDO K - E R L 1 DE ? ; C US T O M ER E RR O R L E V E LDK-ER-LP OB ? ; S E R V I C E E RR OR L E V E L

i NG-BYTE OB ? ; P ORT BO TO D E T E R M I N E U H l C H

D K D A T A E N D S

ERJTATUS-BYTE DB ? ;STATUS BYTE RETURN FROM INT ISHL A N G U A G E T A B L E

; L A NGA GE TO US E

.--------___-__-____--------------------V I D E O D I S P L A Y B U FF E R

~IDEO-RAM SEGMENT A T otwoonDB 16384 D U P C ? )

V IDE O-RA M E NDS.----------------------------------------

ROM RE S IDE NT CODE

0000

0000

00 I B00 ID00 I F

002I00230025

00280021

002c002E

0030

0035

00360037

00380039

0 0 3 A0038

0 0 3 C

00300030O O 3 F0041

0041

0041

0042

3 1 35 30 34 30 3336 20 43 4F SO 522E 20 49 42 40 203 1 39 38 3 1 2 C 3 139 38 33

0149 R0157 R0160 R

0186 RO I B A R

20 48 420147 RO A 4 7 R

OABB RO A 8 4 R

45 52 52 4F 524 1424344

45

4647

48

03780278

EFF7

0043

0043 BO 000045 E 6 A 00047 FE C 80049 E6 10

0048 E4 A 00040 F A

O O 4 E BE 108F

0051 8 1 OOCO0054 89 00040017 OA C 40059 E EOOSA 80 C 4 200050 E2 F8005F BO A 0

0061 E6 F20063 B A 0 3 D A0066 E C0067 BO 040069 EE

0 0 6 C EE0061 BO ai

ODE SEGMENT PAGEASSUME

OB '1504036 C O PR . I B M 1981,1983' ; C O P Y R I G H T N O T I C E

CS: CODE, O S : A B S 0 , E S : N O T H I N G , 5 5 : S T A C K

; R E T U R N P O I N T E R S F O R R T N S C A L L E D; B EF OR E S TA CK I N I T I A L I Z E D

ERROR-ERRHEM-ERRKEY-ERRCASS-ERRCOMI-ERRCOM2-ERRROM-ERRCART-ERR

D I SKJRR

;4 L A B E LDUDU

F4E L A B E LI M A S K S L A B E L

DBDB

OB 'ERROR' ; ENERAL ERROR PROMPTOB ' A ,

OB ' 8 '

OB ' C 'OB ' 0 'OB ' E 'DB 'F 'OB ' G '

DE en.

3 7 8 ~278n

UORD

UORDB Y T E

O E F HO F ~ H

; EMORY ERROR;K E Y B OA RD E RROR MS G;CA S S E TTE E RROR ME S S A GE;ON-B OARD S E R IA L P ORT E RR. MS G; S E R I A L P O R T I O N O F M OD EM E RR O R; O P T I O N A L G E N E R I C B I O S ROM ERROR; C A R T R I D G E E R R O R

; D I S K E T T E E R R

; P R I N T E R S O U R C E T A B L E

; I N T E R R U P T M A S K S F O R 8259; I N T E R R U P T C O N T R O L L E R; MODE M INTR MA S K; S E R I A L P R I N T E R I N T R M A SK

; S E T U PD I S A B L E N M I, M A S KA B LE I N T S .S OUND CM IP , A ND V IDE O.T U R N D R I V E 0 MOTOR OFF

A S S UME

.--------___________----------------------

CS: CODE, OS: BSO, E S : N O T H I N G , SS: S T A C KR E S E T L A B E L F A R

S TA RT: MOVOUTD E COUTI NC L I

MOV

MOVMOV

OUTADDL O O PMOV

L I : OR

AL.0'

OAOH, A LA L

AL , OAOHion, L

A X , I O B F H

OX, ooconcx, 4

An. 2014

A L . A HO X , A L

D I S A B L E S N M IS E ND FF TO MFG-TESTER

R E S E T N M I F I FD I S A B L E S M A S KA B LE I N T E R R U P TSD I S A B L E A T T EN U A T IO N I N SOU ND C H I PR EG A DD RE SS I N AH, A TTE NUA TOR OFFI N A L

4 A T T E N UA T O R S T O D I S A B L ECOMB INE RE G A DDRE S S A ND DA TA

P O I N T T O N E X T R E G

ADDRESS OF SOUND CHIP

. ------

OUTMQVI NMOVOUT

wovOUT

--_------

L 1

AL,UD-ENABLE+FDC_RESET , T U R N D R I V E 0 MOTOR OFF,

O F 2 H . A LDX,VGA-CTL , V I D E O G A T E AR R AY CONTROLAL, OX , SYNC VGA TO ACCEPT REGA L , 4 , S E T V GA RE S E T RE GDX, A L , S EL EC T I TA L , 1 , S E T A S V N C R E S E TOX, A L , R E S E T V I D E O G A T E A R R A Y

, E N A B L E T I M E R

.........................., T E S T 1

, D E S C R I P T I O NBOB8 P ROCE S S OR TE S T

V E R I F Y 8088 F L A G S , R E G I S T E R SAND C O N D I T I O N A L J U M P S

, MFC ERROR CODE o o o i n........................................

8/12/2019 jrtech


0 0 6 D 84 D 5006F 9 E0 0 7 0 73 4 C0072 75 4 A

0076 7 9 4 60078 9F0 0 7 9 81 050078 0 2 E C0 0 7 0 73 3F0 0 7 F BO 4 0

0081 D O EO0 0 8 3 7 1 39

0085 3 2 E 40 0 8 7 9 E -0088 76 3 4

0 0 8 A 78 3 20 0 8 C 7 A 30

008F 81 050091 0 2 E C0093 72 290095 D O E 40097 7 0 25

0 07 4 7 8 4 8

ooaE 9~

0099 BE FFFF0 0 9 C F90 0 9 0 8E D 8

009F 8 C D EO O A I B E C 3

O OA 3 8 C C 1O O A 5 B E 01

O OA 7 8 C 0 20019 8 B E 2OOAB 88 E COOAD 88 F5

OOAF 88 F E0081 73 07O OB 3 3 3 C 70085 7 5 0 70087 F B0088 E8 E 3OOBA 08 C 70 0 8 C 7 4 ocU O B E E A 0010O O C l BO 00O O C 3 E EO OC 4 4 2

O O C 5 E EOOC 6 FE C OO O C 8 E EO OC 9 F 4OOCA

OOCA BO F EOOCC E 6 10

OODO E 6 63

0 0 D 2 28 CO0 0 D 4 B A C 40 0 D 6 E 6 60OODB E 4 60

O OD A E 6 6 1O OO C E 4 6 1O OD E 3 A C 4OOEO 7 5 060 0 E 2 F E C 40 0 E 4 75 EE

0 0 E 6 E 8 05

OOCE BO a9

O O E ~ a3 02OOEA ~9 o9ac ROOED 32 COO OE F E 6 60O O F l E 4 6200F3 2 4 08

00F5 BO 18

00F7 75 02O O F 9 BO 3FO O F B E A O 3 0 FO O F E E EO O F F BO 000101 E 6 6 1

---_

i 2

L 3 .

L 4 .

L5

MOVS A H F

J N CJ N ZJ N PJ N SL A H FMOV

SHRJN CM O V

S H LJN O

XORS A H FJ B E

J SJ PL A H FMOV

SHRJ CS H LJ O

AH, ODSH

L 4L 4L 4

L 4

C L , 5

AH , C LL 4A L , 4 0 HAL , 1

L 4

AH, AH

L 4

L 4L 4

CL, 5AH, C LL 4AH, I

L 4

SET SF , C F , ZF , AN D AF FL AG S ON

GO TO ER R R OU TIN E I F C F N O T S E TGO T O E R R R O U T I N E I F Z F N O T S E TGO T O E R R R O U T I N E I F P F N O T S E T

GO T O E R R R O U T I N E I F S F N O T S E T

L O AO F L A G I M A G E T O A HL O AO C N T R E G W I T H S H I F T C N TS H I F T A F I N T O C AR RY B I T P O SG O T O E R R R O U T I N E I F A F N O T S E TS E T T H E O F F L A G O NS E T U P F O R T E S T I N GGO TO ER R R OU TIN E I F OF N OT SET

S E T A H 0C L E A R S F , C F , Z F , A N 0 P FGO T O E R R R O U T I N E I F C F ONGO T O E R R R O U T I N E I F Z F O NGO T O E RR R O U T I N E I F S F O NGO TO E R R R O U T I N E I F P F O NL O AO F L A G I M A G E TO A HL O AD C N T R E G W I T H S H I F T C N T

S H I F T ' A F ' I N T O C ARR Y B I T P OSGO T O E R R R O U T I N E I F ONC H E C K T H A T ' O F ' IS C L EAR

GO T O ER R R O U T I N E I F ONR E A O I W R I T E T H E 8088 G E N E R A L AN D S E G M E N T A T I O N R E G I S T E R S

W I T H A L L O N E ' S A N 0 ZE R O E S ' SM O V

S T CMOV

MOV

MOV

MOVM O V

MOV

MOV

MOV

MOV

MOV

J N CXORJ N ZC L CJM PORJ ZMOV

MOVOUTI NC

OUTI NCOUTH L T

A X , O F F F F H

OS, AXEX, D SES, E X

.cx, ES

ss, cx

SP, oxBP, S PS I , B P

DX, SS

DI,SIL3A X . 0 1L 4

L 2A X , O IL5OX, O O l O H

A L , 0

OX, ALox

O X , A LA L

O X , A L

S E T U P O NE ' S P A T T ER N I N AX

W R I T E P A T T E R N T O A L L R E G S

P A T T E R N M AK E I T T H R U A L L R EG SNO - GO T O E RR R O U T I N E

Z ER O P A T T E R N M A K E I T T H RU ?Y E S - GO T O N E X T T E S TH AN D L E ER R OR

ERROR 0 0 0 1

H A L 1

____________________-----_---------------, T E S T 2

, D E S C R I P T I O N

8255 I N I T I A L I Z A T I O N A N0 TE ST

F I R S T I N I T I A L I Z E 8255 PROGP E R I P H E R A L I N T E R F A C E P O RT S A & BAR E L ATC H ED OU TPU TB U F F E R S C IS I N P U T

, M FG E R R C OD E = 0 0 0 2 H

MOV

OUTM O V

OUT

SU BL6 MOV

OUTI NOUTI NCMPJ N EI NCJ N ZJM P

L7 M O V

JM PL8 XOR

OUTI NAN 0MOV

J N ZMOV

L9 MOVOUTM O V

OUT

AL , OFEHIOH. A LAL, MODE-E255CMD-PORT, A L

AX, AXA L , A HPORT-A, ALAL, PORT-APORT-8 , ALAL, PORT-EAL, AHL7A HL6

E L . 0 2 HE-MSGA L , A LK B P O R T , A LAL, PORT-CAL , 0000 10008AL , 1EH

L9A L . 3 F HDX, PAGREGOX, ALA L , OOOOllOlBPOR T-8 . A L

SHORT La

S E N 0 F E T O M FG

C O N F I G U R E S 110 P O R T S

T E S T P A T T E R N S E E 0 = 0000

W R I T E P A T T E R N T O P O R T AR EA 0 PATT ER N FR OM POR T AU R I T E P A T T E R N T O PO R T 8R EAD OU TPU T POR TD A T A A S E X P E C T E D ?I F N OT, SOM ETH IN G IS WRONGM AKE N EW D ATA PATTER NLO OP T I L L 255 P A T T E R N S D O N EC O N T I N U E I F DONES E T E R RO R F L A G (BH=OO NOW)GO E R R O R R O U T I N E

C L EA R K 8 P O R T

6 4 K C A R 0 P R E S E N T ?P O RT S E T T I N G F OR 6 4 K S V S

P O RT S E T T I N G FO R 1 2 8 K S Y S

I N I T I A L I Z E O U TP UT P O RT S

8/12/2019 jrtech


0103 EO F D

0105 E 6 100107 E A 0304O l O A BE F O A 4 RO l O D E 9 0010 900 1 1 1 32 E 4

0113 E A C 40115 E E

0116 42

0117 F E C 40119 2 E : E A 07O l l C E EO l l D 43O l l E 4 AO l l F E 2 F2

0121 E A 0 3 D A0124 E C

0125 E 9 00050128 32 E 40 1 2 A E A C 40 1 2 C E E0 1 2 D 32 CO012F E E0130 F E C 4

0132 E 2 F6

0134 E O F C

0136 E 6 10

0138 3 3 F6

0 1 3 A B C C BO l 3 C E E D O

0 1 3 E E E D B

0140 E 9 EO000 1 4 3 E C O O l E R

0 1 4 6 E 9 F EE E R

0 1 4 9 7 4 06

0 1 4 8 BE 0003

0 1 4 E E 9 0 9E C R

0151 E 9 BOOO

0 1 5 4 E 9 F E EE R0157 74 06

0159 BE 0 0 0 40 1 5 C E 9 0 9 E C R0 15F

015F EO F E0161 E 6 10

0163 E 9 0 4 0 00166 33 CO

0168 B E C O0 1 6 A E 9 0859 R0 1 6 D 7 5 19016F EO F A

0171 E 6 100173 E 9 0400

0176 E 4 600178 3 C 1E

0 1 7 A 88 OFEO0 1 7 D 7 4 02017F E 4 1F0181 E E C OO l e 3 E 9 O B 5 9 R

0186 7 4 23

-------------------_____________________-----------------------, PART 3

SET U P V I D E O G A T E A R RA Y AN D 6 8 4 5 T O GET MEMORY WORKING

----------______________________________-----------------M O V A L , O F D HO U T I O H , A L

M O V D X . 0 3 D 4 H , S E T A D D R E S S O F 6845M OV B X , O F F S E T V I D E O - P A R H S , P O I N T TO 6 8 4 5 P AR H S

M O V C X , M 0 0 4 0 , S E T P A R H L E NXOR AH, AH , A H IS REG X

O U T D X , A L

I N C D X , P O I N T T O D A T A P OR T

I N C A H , N E X T R E G V A L U EM OV A L , C S [ E X 1 , G E T T A B L E V A L U E

O U T D X , A L , O U T T O C H I PI N C EX , N EX T I N T A BL E

D E C D X , B A C K T O P O I N T E R R E GL OO P L I O

HOV DX, VGA-CTL , S E T A D D R E S S O F V G AI N A L, D X , B E SU R E A D D R I D A T A F L A G IS

H O V C X , 5 , X O F R E G I S T E R SXOR AH, AH , A H IS REG COUNTER

L I l M O V A L , A H , GET REG X

O U T D X , A L , S EL EC T I TX O R A L , A L , S E T Z E R O F O R D A T AO U T D X , A L

I N C A H , N E X T R E GL O O P L l 1

L10 MOV AL , AH , G E T 6 8 4 5 R EG rn

S T A R T V G A U I T H O U T V I D E O E N A B L E D

, I N T H E P RO PE R S T A T E

--_-----___----_________________________--------, T E S T 4

, D E S C R I P T I O NP L A N A R E O A R D R O S C H E C K S U M T E S T

A C H E C K S U M T E S T IS DONE FOR EACH ROSM O D U L E O N T H E P L A N A R E O A R D T O

M F G E R R O R C O D E = 0 0 0 3 H M O D U LE A T A D D R ES SFOOO 0000 ERROR

0 0 0 4 H M O D U L E A T A D D R E S SF B O O 0000 ERROR

................................................M O V A L , O F C HO U T I O H , A L , HFG 0UT:FC

XOR SI,SI , I N D E X O F F S E T U I T H I N S EG ME NT O F

MOV AX,CS , S E T U P S T A C K S E G M E N TMOV SS, AX

MOV DS, AX , L O A D DS U I T H SE G ME N T O F A D D RE S S

M O V C X . E O 0 0 H , N U ME ER O F B Y T E S TO B E T E S T E D , 3 2 KM O V S P , O F F S E T 21 , S E T U P S TA C K P O I N T E R SO T H A T

JMP ROS-CHECKSUM , J U M P T O R O U T I N E U H I C K P E RF O RM S

, CHECK MODULE AT FOOO 0 ( L E N G T H 3 2 K )

, F I R S T B Y T E

, S P A C E O F E I O S / E A S I C

, R E T U R N WILL COME HERE

, CRC CHECK

, OTHER MODULE AT FOOO BOOOL12 J Z L13 , MODULE AT FOOO 0 OK, GO CHECK

M O V E X , 0 0 0 3 H , SET ERROR CODEJMP E-MSG , I N D I C A T E E R R O R

JMP ROS-CHECKSUM , O F N EX T M OD UL E A T T H I S P O I N T I

MOV EX. OOO4H , I N D I C A T E E R R O R

JHP E-MSG

L13 MOV C X , B 0 0 0 H , LOAD COUNT ( 5 1 P O I N T I N G TO S TA R T

L14 J Z L15 , PROCEED I F NO ERROR

L 15. . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . .

, T E S T 5

, D E S C R I P T I O NE A S E 2 K R E A D I U R I T E S TO RA GE T ES T

U R I T E I R E A D I V E R I F Y D A T A P A T TE R N SA A , 5 5 , A N D 00 T O 1 S T 2 K O F S T O R A G EA ND T H E 2 K J U S T B EL O W 6 4 K ( C R T B U F F E R )V E R I F Y S T O R A G E A D D R E S S A B I L I T YO N E X I T S E T C R T P A G E TO 3 S E TTEMPORARY STACK ALSO

, MFG ERROR CODE 04X X FOR SYSTEM EOARD HEM0 5 X X F O R 6 4 K A T T R l E CD H EM

0 6 X X F O R E RR OR S I N BO T H( X X r E R R O R B I T S 1

. . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . .

L 1 6 .

L I E :

L19.

MOVOUTMOV

XOR

MOVJ M PJ N ZMOVOUTMOV

I NCMPMOVJ EMOVMOVJ M PJ Z

AL , OFEHI O H , A LC X, 0 4 0 0 HAX, AX

ES, AXP O D S T GL20A L , O F A HIO H , A LC X , 4 0 0 H

AL, PORT-AA L , 1BH

AX, OFEOHL 18

AH, I F HES, AXP O D S T G

L23

S E T M F G F L A G Z F BS E T FO R I K UO RD S, 2 K B Y T E S

L O A D E S U l T H 0000 SEGMENT

BAD STORAGE FOUNDMFG OUTZFA

1 0 2 4 U O RD S T O B E T ES T ED I N TH E

R E G E N B U F F E RU H E R E IS T H E R E G E N B U F F E R 7T O P O F 6 4 K 7S E T P O I N T E R TO T H E R E I F I T IS

OR SE T P O I N T E R TO I O P O F l 2 B K

8/12/2019 jrtech


0180 1 7 040 1 8 A E 4 6 2O I B C 2 4 OBO l B E 7 4 060190 B A 0 9

0 1 9 2 OA DO0194 E B 1 20196 BO F C 020199 S A 09O l S B 7 4 OB0190 F E C 7019F OA DO

0 1 A 1 B O F C 0 10 1 A 4 74 02O M 6 F E C ?

0 1 A B E 9 OS BC R

O I A B BO F9O I A D E 6 10O I A F B 9 04000182 88 BBBO

0185 B E CO0187 E 9 OBSS RO I B A 7 4 06O I B C B E 0005O l B F € 9 OSBC R

O I C 2 BB 0030

O l C 5 B E DOO l C 7 B C 0100 RO I C A 33 COO l C C B E 08

0 C E

0104010701090 IDS

0 D 0O l D F0 E 20 E 40 E B

C 7 06 0 4 6 2 R 0007

BB 0040E 4 622 4 08BO IB75 os83 C 3 40BO OF89 I E 041s RA 2 0 4 8 A R

O l E E BE ---- RO l E E B E 08O l F O C 6 06 0005 R F B

O l F S E B E608 RO l F B C 7 06 0 0 2 2 R O A 6 1 RO l F E B C C B0200 A 3 0024 R

02030206

0 2 0 80 2 0 80200020F02 1202 1302 I502 1602 18

02 E0 2 2 I

022202230226

0229

0 2 2 A0 2 2 8022c

BE 0000B E 08

89 OOFF2 E F FB E c788 F B I S RABBC CBABE 2 F7C 7 06 0124 R 1090 R

E F 0040 ROEI FB E F F O 3 Re9 0010

A 5

4 747E 2 F B

0 2 2 E EF 02000231 B E 40000 2 3 4 89 0010

0237 A 5

L20: MOVI NANDJ ZMOVORJMP

L 2 1 . C M PMOVJ EI NCOR

CMPJ EI NC

an, o r nAL, PORT-CA L , 0000 O O O BL2 I

B L , C LBL, cnS HO RT L 2 2AH. 0 2E L . C LL22

'BnBL, cn

AH, 1

L 2 2an

ERROR 04G E T C O N F I G B I T S

T E S T F O R A T T R I B C A R D P R E S E N TU OR RY AB OU T O D D l E V E M I F IT IS

COMBI NE ERROR B I T S I F IT I S N ' T

E V E N B Y T E E R RO R ? E R R 0 4 X X

MAKE I N TO OSXX ERRM O V E A N D P O S S I B L Y C O M B I N EERROR B I T SODD BYTE ERROR

L 2 2 J M P E -M SG*ETEST n i t n 2~ USING BBOOO AD D C ESS P A T H

i 2 i nov AL.OFSH

M U S T H A V E B E E N BOTH- M A KE I N T O 0 6 X XJUMP TO ERROR OUTPUT ROUTI NE

OUT I OM, AL

MOV AX, OBBBOH

MOV ES,AXJMP PODSTC

M O V C X , O ~ O O H

L24 J Z L 2 5MOV ~ x ,o o o s n

i 2 5 nov A X , O O ~ O H

JMP E-MSG----- SETUP STACK SEG AND SP

MOV SS,AXMOV SP,OFFSET TOS ,XOR AX,AXMOV DS.AX

.__

MFG OUT =F9

I K U OR DS

D I R E C T A D D R E S S I N GPOINT TO AREA JUST TESTED w i n

ERROR 0005

G E T S T A C K V A L U E

S T A C K IS READY TO GOS E T U P D A T A SEG

SET THE STACK UP

,----- S E T U P C R T P A G E

, ---- S E T P R E L I M I N A R Y M EM OR Y S I Z E UO RDMOV D A T A - U O R D C A C T I V E - P A G E - D A T A I , 0 7

M O V E X . 6 4I N A L,P OR T -CAND A L , ~ B H , 6 4 K C A R D P R E S E N T 7MOV AL, Ian , P O R T S E T T I N G F O R 6 4 K S Y S T E MJ N Z L26 , S E T T O 6 4 K I F NOTA D D E X . 6 4 , E L S E S E T F O R 1 2 B KMOV AL . 3FH , P O R T S E T T I N G F O R 1 2 B K S Y S T EM

MOV DATA-AREACPAGD AT-DATA] , A LL 2 6 MOV DATA-YOROCTRUE-MEM-DATAI, B X

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ., P A R T 6


I N T E R R U P T S

3 2 IN T ER R U PT S ARE I N I T I A L I Z E D T O P O I N T T O ADUMMY HAND LER THE BIOS I N T E R R U P T S AR E L O A D EDD I A G N O S T I C I N T E R R U P T S A RE L O AD E DS Y S T E M C O N F I G U R A T I O N U O R D IS P U T I N M EM OR YT H E D UM MY I N T E R R U P T H A N D L E R R E S I D E S H E R E

ASSUME OS XXDATAMOV AX, XXDA TAMOV DS,AXMOV MFG-TST,OFBH , SET UP MFG CHECKPOI NT FROM THIS

C A L L M F G U P U P D A T E MFG C H E C K P O I N T

MOV AX,CSMOV MFC_RTN+2 , AX , SET DOUBLEUORD POI NTER TO MFG

, ERROR OUTPUT ROUTI NE SO D I A G S, D O N ' T H A V E TO D U P L I C A T E C O D E

___-__-____--___________________________---------------

, P O I N T

nov M F C ~ R T N ,OFFSET m i c - 0 ~ ~

ASSUME CS CODE,DS A B S 0MOV AX. 0MOV DS,AX

, ---- S E T U P T H E I N T E R R U P T VE C T O RS T O T EM P I N T E R R U P T

M O V C X . 2 5 5 , FILL A L L I N T E R R U P T SS U B D 1 , D I , F I R S T I N TE R R U PT L O C A T IO N IS 0000MOV ES. 01 , S E T E S = 0 0 0 0 A L S O

STOSUMOV AX,CS , GET ADDR OF I NT R PROC SEGSTOSUL O O P D 3 , V E C T B L OM OV E X S T , O F F S E T E X T A B , S E T U P E X 1 S C A N T A B L E

M OV D 1 , O F F S E T V I D E O - I N 1 , S E T U P V ID E O I N 1

POP OS , P LA CE CS I N D SMOV SI, F F S E T V E C T O R - T A B L E + I 6MOV CX, 16

03 MOV AX, OFFSET D l l , MOVE ADDR OF I NT R PROC TO T B L

, S E T U P BIOS I N T E R R U P T S

P u s n cs

0 4 MOVSU , MOVE I NTER RU PT VECTOR TO L O U, MEMORY

I N C D II N C DI , P O I N T TO NEXT VECTOR ENTRYLO OP 0 4 , R E P E A T F O R A L L 16 BIOS I N T E R R U P T S

, S E T U P D I A G N O S T I C I N T E R R U P T SMOV D1,OZOOH , START u iTn INT eonMOV S1 , DI AG-TABLE-PTR , P O I N T TO E N T R Y P O I N T T A B L EMOV CX, 16 , 16 E N T R I E S

05 MOVSU , MOVE I NTER RU PT VECTOR TO L O U, MEMORY

8/12/2019 jrtech


0239 470239 470 2 3 A E2 F B0 2 3 C 8 E D 9023E C 7 0 6 0 2 0 4 R 1863 R0244 C 7 06 0208 R I A 2 A R0 2 4 A C 7 06 0224 R 1 B A 5 R

0250 88 1118

0253 E4 620255 24 08

0257 75 030259 80 C B 040 2 5 C 89 1E 0410 R

0260 E 8 E 6 0 8 R

0263 BO 13

0265 E 6 200267 BO 08

0269 E6 210268 BO 09

0 2 6 D E 6 2 1

026F B O 00

0271 B A D E0273 E 6 2 10275 E 4 2 10277 OA CO0279 75 180278 80 FF0270 E6 2 1027F E 4 2 1

0281 04 0 1

0283 75 OE

0285 F B

0286 89 0050

0289 E 2 F E0288 E A I E 0 4 8 4 R

028F OA DE

0291 74 05

0293 87 070295 E9 OSBC R0298

0298 80 EO0 2 9 A E 6 F20 2 9 C BO A 0O 29 E E 6 F 2

I N C DI

I N C 01 , P O I N T T O N E X T V E C T O R E N T R YLOOP DS , R E P E A T F O R A L L 16 1105 I N T E R R U P T SMOV DS, CX SET DS TO ZEROMOV I N T B I , O F F S E T L O C A T E 1M OV I N T B 2 , O F F S E T P R N T 3MOV I N T 8 9 , O F F S E T J O V S T I C K

, ---- S E T U P D E F A U L T E O U I P M EN T D E T E R M I N A T I O N U OR D

B I T 15, 14 = N U MB ER O F P R I N T E R S A T T A C H EDB I T 13 1 5 S E R I A L P R I N T E R P R E S E N TB I T 12 = GAME 110 A T T A C H E D8 1 1 11.10.9 = N U MB ER O F R S 2 3 2 C A R D S A T T A C H E D

B I T 7.6 = N UM BE R O F D I S K E T T E D R I V E S

B I T 5 . 4 = I N I T I A L V I D EO M ODE

BT e = DMA (O=DMA PRESENT, NO DM A ON SYSTEM

00=1, 01=2, 10~3, 1=4 ONLY I F B I T 0 = 1

00 - UNUSED0 1 - 4 0 x 2 5 BU US I NG COLOR CARD

11 - 90x25 8U U S I N G 8U CARDio - e o x m BU USNG COLOR CARD

. I BIT 3.2 = P L A N A R R A M S I Z E ( 1 0 = 4 8 K , l l = 6 4 K )B I T 1 NOT USEDB I T 0 = 1 ( I P L D I S K E T T E I N S T AL L ED )

A S S U M E C S C O D E ,D S A B S 0

M OV B X . 1 1 1 8 H , D E F A U L T C A M E IO , 4 0 x 2 5 . N O D MA, 4 B K ON

I N A L,P OR TJ

AND AL , O8H , 6 4 K C A RD P R E S E N TJ N Z D S 5 , NO, JUMPO R B L . 4 , S E T 6 4 K O N P L A N A R

..................................................

, P L A N A R

DFL5 MOV DATA-UORDCEQUIP-FLAG-DATA1,BX

, T E S T 7I N I T I A L I Z E AN D T E S T T H E 8 2 5 9 I N TE R R U P T C ON TR OL LE R C H I P

, M F G E RR C O DE 0 7 X X ( X X= O O, D A T A P A T H OR I N E R N A L F A I L U R E ,X X Z A N V O TW E R B I T S O N =U N EP EC T ED I N T E R R U P T S

...............................................................

CALL MFG-UP , M F G C O D E z F 7ASSUME DS A8SO. CS CODEMOV AL , 13 H , I C U l - R E S E T E D G E S E N S E C I R C U I T ,

, S E T S I N G L E 8 2 5 9 C H I P A ND I C U 4 RE ADOUT I NTAOO, A L

MOV A L , ~ , I C U 2 - S E T I N T E R R U P T T Y P E 8 (8 -F)O U T I N T A O 1 , A LMOV AL , 9 , 1 C U 4 - S E T B U F F E R E D M O D E / S L A V E

O U T I N T A O 1 , A L

T E S T A B t L I T Y TO U R I T E / R € A D T H E M AS K R E G I S T E R

M O V A L . 0 , U R I T E Z ER O ES TO I M RM O V 8 L . A L , P R E S E T E R R O R I N D I C A T O ROUT I NTAO 1, A L , D E V I C E I N T E R R U P T S EN A B LE DI N A L , I N T A O l , R E A D I M RO R A L . A L , I M R = 07

J N Z G E R R O R , NO - GO T O E R R O R R O U T I N EMOV AL , OFFH , D I S A B L E D E V I C E I N T E R R U P T SO U T I N T A O 1 , A L , U R I T E O N E S T O I M RI N A L , I N T A O l , R E A D I M R

ADD AL, 1 , A L L I M R B I T S ON 7

JNZ GERROR , NO - GO T O E R R O R R O U T I N E

C H EC K F O R H O T I N T E R R U P T S

, AND B O 8 6 MODE

...............................................................

...............................................................

, (ADD SHOULD PRODUCE 0 )

...............................................................

I N T E R R U P T S A R E M A S K ED O F F N O I N T E R R U P T S S H O U LD O C CU RST I , E N A B L E E X T E R N A L I N T E R R U P T S

MOV CX,5OH

MOV EL , DATA-AREAC I NT k-FL AG- DA TA1 , DID A N Y I N T E R R U P T S

O R B L , B LJ Z - E ND - TE S T G , NO - GO T O N E X T T E S T

JMP E-MSG

H O T l L OO P H O T l W A I T F OR A NY I N T E R R U P T S

, OCCUR?

GERROR MOV BH , 07H , S E T 07 S E C T I O N O F E R RO R M SG

END-TESTG, F I R E T HE D I S K E T T E U AT CH DO G T I M E R

MOV AL,UD-ENABLE+UD-STROBE+FDC-RESETO U T O F 2 H , A LMOV AL, UD-ENABLE+FDC -RESETO U T O F 2 H , A LASSUME CS CODE, DS A B S 0

8 2 5 3 T I M E R C H EC KO UT

V E R I F Y T H A T T H E T I M E R S ( 0 . I , AND 2) F U N C T I O N P R O P E R L YT H I S I N C L U D E S C H E CK IN G F O R S T UC K B I T S I N A L L T HE T I M E R ST H A T T I M E R 1 R E S P O N D S T O T I M E R 0 O U T P UT S , T H A T T I M E R 0I N T E R R U P T S U H E N I T S HO UL D, A ND T H A T T I M E R 2 ' 5 OUTPUT UORKSA S I T S H OU LDTHERE ARE 7 P O S S I B L E E R R O R S D U R I N G T H I S C H E C K O U TE L V A L U E S F O R T H E C A L L T O E-M SG I N C L U D E0 ) S TU CK B I T S I N T IM E R 0

1) T I M E R I D O E S N O T R E S P O N D T O T I M E R 0 OUTPUT2 ) T IM E R 0 I NTERRUPT DOES NOT OCCUR3) ST UC K B I T S I N T IM E R 1

4 ) T IM E R 2 O UT PU T I N I T I A L VA LU E IS N O T L O U5 ) ST UC K B I T S I N T IM E R 26 ) T I M E R 2 O U T P UT D O E S N OT G O H I G H O N T E R M I N A L C O UN T

..................................................................


8/12/2019 jrtech


0 2 A O E 8 E 6 D B R0 2 A 3 B e 0 1 7 60 2 A 6 BE F F F F0 2 A 9 E E F F E O R0 2 A C BE 0036

0 2 A F E B F F E O R

0 2 8 2 BO 2 00 2 8 4 E 6 A 0

0 2 8 6 84 000 2 B B E 8 0 3 6 C R0 2 8 8 73 05O2BD 83 000 2 B F E 9 0 3 6 2 R

0 2 c 20 2 C 2 E 4 4 1

0 2 C 4 B A EO0 2 C 6 E 4 4 1O Z CB 3 D F F F FO Z C B 75 05

0 2C D 6 3 0 1

0 2 C F E 9 0 3 6 2 R

0 2 0 20 2 D 20 2 D 30 2 D 50 2 0 70 2 0 80 2 D D0 2 E 00 2 E 0

0 2 E 50 2 E 70 2 E 90 2 E B

0 2 E D0 2 E D

O 2 E E0 2 F I0 2 F 20 2 F 4O 2 F 60 2 F B0 2 F A0 2 F C

0 3 0 2

0 3 0 E0 3 0 A0 3 0 C

F BE 4 2 12 4 F E2 0 0 6 0 4 8 4 RE 6 2 1E 9 F F F F

F6.D6 0 4 8 4 R 0 1

7 5 0 6E 2 F 7E 3 0 2EB 75

F A

B A 0201EC2 4 F O3c 10

7 4 0 4OA CO7 5 I1C 7 06 0020 R 1 8 E D R

C 7 06 0070 R I B B D R

B O F EE 6 2 1F B

030D BO 00O 3O F E 6 A 0

0311 E 4 0 10313 € 8 0 3 6 C R0316 73 040318 83 030 3 1 A E B 4 6

03 I C0 3 1 C BE 0 2 8 60 3 1 F BE F F F F0 3 2 2 E E F F EO R

I N I T I A L I Z E T I M ER I A N D T I M E R 0 F O R T E S T

CALL MFG-UP , M F G C K P O I N T = F 6M O V A X . 0 1 7 6 H ; S E T T t M E R I TO MODE 3 B I N A R YMOV EX, OFF FFH , I N I T I A L COUNT O F F F F FC A L L I N I T - T I M E R , I N I T I A L I Z E T I M ER IM O V A X , 0 0 3 6 H , S E T T I M E R 0 T O MODE 3 B I N A R Y

C A L L I N l T J l M E R , I N I T I A L I Z E T IM E R 0

S E T B I T 5 OF PORT A0 SO T I M E R I C LO CK U I L L B E P U LS E D B Y THE

T I M E R 0 OUTPUT RATHER THAN THE SYSTEM CLOCK.

MDV AL, 00 O O O O O B

O U T 0 A O H . A L

; I N I T I A L COUNT O F F F F F

..................................................................

C HEC K I F A L L EITS GO O N AN D O F F I N T I M E R 0 (CHECK FOR STUCKBITS)

._______________________________________---------------------------

MOV A H , O ; T I M E R 0CALL B I TS-ON-OFF , L E T S U B R O UT IN E C HE CK I TJ N B T I M E R I - N Z ; N O S T UC K B I T S ( C A R R Y F L A G N O T S E T )MOV BL,O ; S T U C K B I T S IN T I M E R 0JM P T I MER-ERROR

S I N C E T I M E R 0 H A S COMPLETED AT LE AS T ONE COMPLETE CYCLE,T I M E R I SHOULD BE N O N -Z E R O. C H EC K T H A T T H I S IS THE CASE.

.___--________-__-__-----------------------------------------------

.____-____--_--__-__-----------------------------------------------

;I M E R ~ - N Z :I N AL, T I M E R + I ; R E AD L S B O F T I M E R I

MOV AH,AL ; S A V E L S BI N A L ,T I M ER + I ; READ MSB O F T I M E R I

CUP AX, OFF FFH ; S T I L L F F F F ?J N E T I M E R O - I N T R ; NO - T I M E R I HAS BEEN BUMPEDnov B L , I ; T I M E R I UAS NOT BUMPED B Y T I M E R 0JMP TIMER-ERROR

C H E C K F O R T I M E R 0 I N T E R R U P T

.___________________-----------------------------------------------

.--__-___________-______________________---------------------------

; IMERO-INTR:S T I ; E N A B L E M A S KA B LE E X 1 I N T E R R U P T SI N A L , I N T A O lAN D A L , O F E H M AS K A L L I N T R S E X C E PT L V L 0

OUT I NTAO I , A L ; U R I T E T H E E 2 5 9 I M RMOV CX, OFF FFH ; SET LOOP COUNT

T E S T D A T A - A R E A t I N T R - F L A G - D A T A 1 , l ' T I M E R 0 I N 1 O CC UR ?

LOOP UAI T- I NTR-LOOP ; U A I T FO R I N T R F OR S P E C I F I E D T I M EMOV BL , 2 ; T I M E R 0 I N T R D I D N ' T O CC URJMP SHORT TIMER-ERROR

H O U S E K E E P I N G F O R T I M E R 0 I N T E R R U P T S

AND DATA-AREA[ I NTR-FLAG-DATA], L ; CLEAR I NT RECEIVED

UAI T- I NTR-LOOP:

JNE RESET-INTRS ; YES - CONTI~UE

._______________________________________---------------------------

.--------_--_--_--_------------------------------------------------

k E S E T - I N T R S :C L I

M O V D X , 2 O I HI N A L,D X ; GET MFG. BITSAND AL,OFOHCUP AL, IOH ; SYS TEST MODE?J E D 6OR AL , AL , OR BURN- I N MODEJ N Z T I M E - I

S E T T I M E R I N T . T O P O I N T T O M FG H E AR T BE A T R O U T IN E I F I N M FG MO O€

D 6 : MOV I NT-PTR, OFFSE T MFG-TICK ; S E T T O P O I N T T O M F G .

; R O U T I N E

; F O R D I A G S . U S EMOV I NTI C -PTR , OFF SET MFG-TICK ; A L SO S ET US ER T I M E R I N 1

MOV AL , OFEHO U T I N T A O 1 , A LST I

R E S E T D 5 O F P O RT A 0 SO T H A T T H E T I M E R I C LO CK U I L L BEP U L S E D B Y T H E S Y S T E M C L OC K .

..................................................................

.-__-_--_---------_------------------------------------------------

T I M E - I : M OV A L , O ; MAKE AL = 00OUT 'OAOH, AL

C HE CK FO R S TU CK E I T S I N T I M E R I

MOV AH, I ; T I M E R IC A L L B I TS-ON-OFFJ N B T I M E R 2 - I N I T ; NO S TU C K B I T SMOV B L 3 . ST UC K B I T S I N T lM E R I

.----_--_--__--_--_______________________--------------------------

.------------------------------------------------------------------

JMP S H ~ R T I E R-E RRO~

.------------------------------------------------------------------I N I T I A L I Z E T IM E R 2

.----_--_--__-__-__-____________________---------------------------

i IM E R 2 - I N I 1:

MOV AX, 02B6H ; S E T T I M E R 2 TO MODE 3 B I N A R YMOV E X , O F F F F H ; I N I T I A L C OUNTC AL L I N I T T I M E R

S E T PB O OF P OR T-B O F E 2 5 5 ( T I M E R 2 G A T E )

I N A L,P O RT J ; C U R R E N T S T A T U SO R A L , 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 B ; S ET B I T 0 - L E A V E O T H E R S A L O N EOUT PORT-B, AL

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

.----------_--_--_-------------------------------------------------0 3 2 5 E 4 6 10327 OC 0 10329 E 6 6 1

8/12/2019 jrtech


0 3 2 E E 4 02O 3 2 D E 8 0 3 6 C R

0330 73 040332 E 3 050 3 3 4 E E 2 C

0336

0336 E 4 ’ 6 1

0338 24 F E0 3 3 A E 6 6 10 3 3 C BE 0280033F BE OOOA0 3 4 2 E 8 F F EO R

0345 E 4 620347 2 4 200349 7 4 040348 E 3 0 40 3 4 D E E 13

O 3 4 F E 4 6 1

0351 OC 0 1

0353 E 6 6 1

0355 E 9 O OO A0 3 5 8 E 2 F E0 3 5 A E 4 6203% 2 4 200 3 5 E 75 570360 E 3 06

C HE CK F O R S TU CK E I T S I N T IM E R 2

M OV AH .2 , T I M E R 2C A L L E1 TS-ON-OFF

J N E R E I N I T - 1 2 ; NO ST UC K B I T SM O V E L . 5 , S TU C K B I T S I N T IM E R 2JM P SH OR T T IM ER -ER R OR

R E - I N I T I A L I Z E TI M E R 2 U I T H MO DE 0 AND A SHORT COUNT

. ..................................................................

. ..................................................................

k E N I 7-72 :

; D R OP G A T E T O T I M E R 2

I N A L, PO RT -E ; C U R R E N T S T A T U S

AND AL, lllllllOE , R ES ET B I T 0 - L E A V E O T H E R S A L O N EOUT PORT-E, A L

M OV AX,OPEOH ; S E T T I M E R 2 TO MODE 0 B I N A R Y

MOV EX,OOOAH ; I N I T I A L CO UN T OF 10

C A L L

C H E CK P C S O F PO RT -C O F E 2 5 5 T O S E E I F T H E O U T P U T O F T I M E R 2IS L O U

I N A L, PO R T- C ; C U R R E N T S T A T U SA N D A L . 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 E ; M AS K O F F O TH ER B I T S

M O V E L . 4 . P C 5 O F P O RT C U AS H I G H U H E N I T

I N I T-T I MER

J Z C K2 -O N ; I T ‘ S L O U

JMP SHORT TIMER-ERRO~ , SHOULD HAVE BEEN LOU; T U R N G A T E B A C K O N

C K 2- ON : I N A L , P O RT -E , C U R R E N T S T A T U SOR AL,OOOOOOO1E ; S ET B I T 0 - L E A V E O T H E R S A L O N E

OU T POR T- E, A L

C H EC K P C 5 OF PORT-C TO SEE I F T H E O U T P U T O F T I M E R 2 GOESH I G H

M O V C X , 0 0 0 A H ; U A I T F O R O U T PU T GO H I G H , S H OU LC

I N A L, PO RT -C ; C U R R E N T S T A T U SAND AL,OO1OOOOOE ; M AS K O FF A L L O T HE R 8 1 1 5

J N Z P O D I 3 - E N D , I T ’ S H I G H - U E ’ R E D O N E ’

M OV EL , 6 ; T I M E R 2 O U TP U T D I D N O T GO H I G H

E 2 5 3 T I M E R E RR OR O C CU R RE D . S E T EH U I T H M A J O R E RR ORI N D I C A T O R A ND C A L L E -M SG T O I N F O R M T H E S Y S T E M O F T H E E R R O R( E L AL R E A D Y C O N T A I N S T H E M I N O R ER RO R I N D I C A T O R T O T E L L

U H I C H P A R T O F T HE T E S T F A I L E D )

C K I I L O : L O OP C K2 -L O ; B E L ON GE R T H A N I N I T I A L C OU NT

03620362 E 7 08

0364 E8 0 9 B C R

0367 E E 4 E

TIMER-ERRORM O V E H . 8 , T I M E R E RR OR I N D I C A T O RC AL L E- M SG

JM P SH OR T POD I3 - EN D

B I T S O N l O F F S U BR O UT IN E - U S E D F O R D E T E R M I N I N G I F AP A R T I C U L A R T I M E R ’ S B I T S GO O N AN D O F F A S T H E Y SH O UL D

T H I S R O U T I N E A SS U ME S T H A T T H E T I M E R IS U S I N G B O T H TH E L S EAND THE MSE

( A H ) = T I M E R N U M B E R ( 0 , 1, OR 2 )

( C F I = I I F F A I L E D( C F ) = 0 I F P A S S E DR E G I S T E R S A X , E X , C X , D X , D I , A ND 51 A R E A L T E R E D

..................................................................

, C A L L I N G P A R A M E T E R

, R E T U R N S

03690369 000 3 6 A 400368 80

0 3 6 C0 3 6 C 33 D E0 3 6 E 33 F60370 E A 0 0 4 0

0373 02 040375 E F 0 3 6 9 R0378 32 CO0 3 7 A E 6 C 40 3 7 C 03 F E

O 3 7 E0 3 7 E E 9 0008038 I

0381 5 1

0382 E 9 FFFF

03850385 2 E E A 050388 E 6 4 30 3 E A 500388 58

0 3 E C E C0 3 8 0 OB F6O 3 E F 7 5 OD0391 OC 0 10393 O A D E0395 E C0396 OA F E

0398 8 1 F E FFFF0 3 9 C E E 0 7

LATCHES ABEL BYTEDE oonD E 4 D HD E E O H

, L A T C H MA S K F O R T I M E R 0

; L A T C H MA S K F O R T I M E R 1

, L A T C H M AS K F O R T I M E R 2

E I TS-ON-OFFXORXORMOVADDMOVXORXCHGADD

, I S 1 P A SS -2 N D P A S S -

~UTER-LOOPMOV

P U S H

MOV

MOV

OUTP U S HPOP

I NOR

J N EORORI NORCMPJ M P

I NNER-LOOP

TST- E1 TS

PR OC N EARE X , E X , I N I T I A L I Z E E X R E GI S TE RS 1 , S I , 151 P A S S - SI I 0

D X , T I M E R , E A S E P O R T A DD R E S S F O R T I M E R SD L , A HD 1 , O F F S E T L A T C H E S , S E L E C T L A T C H M A S K

A L , A L , C L E A R A LA L , A H , A H -> A L

D I , A X , T I M E R L A T C H M AS K I N D E XC H E C K S F O R A L L B I T S TO COME ONC H EC K S F O R A L L B I T S T O GO OFF

CX, E

c xC X , O F F F F H

A L, CS C D I IT I M - C T L , A L

AXAX

A L , D X .

SECONDA L, O I H

EL, A LAL , D XE H , A LE X , O F F F F HSHORT TST-CMP

SI, I

OU TER L OOP C OU N TER

S A V E O U T E R L O O P C O U N T E RI N N E R L O O P C O U N T E R

T I M E R L A T C H M A SKL A T C H T I M E R

P A U S E

R E A D T I M E R LSB

S E C O N D P A S ST U R N L S B I T ONT U RN ‘ O N‘ B I T S O NR E A D T I M E R M S ET U RN ‘ O N ’ E I T S O NA RE A L L T I M E R B I T S O N?D O N ‘ T C H AN G E F L A G S

8/12/2019 jrtech


0 3 9 EO 3 9E 2 2 D E0340 EC0 3 A l 2 2 F E0 3 A 3 OB D E0 3 A 50 3 A 5 74 070 3 A 7 E 2 DC0 3 A 9 590 3 A A E 2 0 50 3A C F 9O 3 A D C 3

0 3 A E0 3 A E 590 3 A F 4 603B O E3 FE 0 20383 75 C 903B5 F E0386 C 303870387

= AOAC

= C 4 6 0

= OOCE

0387 E E E 6 D E R0 3 E A F A03EB EO 70O3BD E6 430 3 B F E 9 90000 3 C 2 E 2 F E0 3 C 4 EO 00

0 3 C 6 E 6 4 10 3 C E 2 E COO3CA CD 100 3 C C B E 05070 3 C F C D 100 3 0 1 E A 0 3D A0304 2 8 C 9

0306 EC0307 AE 080309 75 060 3D E E 2 F 90 3 D D E3 000 3 D F E E 4 C

0 3 E l 3 2 CO03E3 E 6 4 103ES ZE DE

0 3 E 7 33 C 90 3 E 9 E C0 3 E A A E 08

0 3 EC 7 4 06O 3E E E 2 F 903F0 E3 01

0 3 F 2 E E 39

03F4 2 E C 9O 3 F 6 E C0 3 F 7 A E 01

0 3 F 9 75 OA

0 3 F E AE 08

0 3 F D 75 2 20 3 F F E 2 F S0401 83 020403 E E 29

0 4 0 5 A 8 08

0407 7 4 040409 E3 0 30408 E B 2 0

0 4 0 0 2 8 C 9040F EC0 4 1 0 A 8 0 1

0 4 1 2 7 4 060 4 1 4 E 2 F S0 4 1 6 83 040 4 1 8 E E 13

0 4 1 A 430 4 1 8 7 4 0 40 4 1 0 A B 08

0 4 1 F 7 4 0 3

SECOND :

ANDI NANDOR

J ELOOPPOPLOOPS T CR E T

POPI NCCMPJ N EC L CR E T

BITS-ON-OFFPOD l3 -END :

TST-CMP:

CHKJND :

. ___----__- --.

E L , A LAL, OXBH, A LE X , E X

CHKJNDTST-E1 TScxI N E R L O O P

cxSI5 1 . 2O U T E R L O O P

ENDP

_-----__---_-_-CRT ATTACHMENT

; C HE CK F O R A L L B I T S O F F; READ MSB; T UR N OF F B I T S; A L L O F F ?

; YES - S E E I F DONE; K E E P T R Y I N G; RESTORE OUTER LOOP COUNTER; T R V A G A I N; A L L T R I E S E X H A U S T E D - F A I L E D T E S T

; POP FORMER OUTER LOOP COUNTER

; C H EC K F O R A L L B I T S TO GO O F F

; T I M E R B I T S AR E U O R K IN G P R O P ER L Y

; 1. I N I T C RT TO 4 0 x 2 5 - EU

; 2 . C H E C K F O R V E R T I C A L AN D V I D E O E N A B L E S , A N D C H EC K; T I M I N G O F SA ME; 3 . C H EC K V E R T I C A L I N T E R R U P T; 4 . C H E C K R ED , B L U E , G R EE N, A ND I N T E N S I F Y D O T S; 5. I N I T TO 4 0 x 2 5 - COLOR; MFG. ERROR CODE OSXX (XX -SEE COMMENETS I N CODE)

A A V T E a u OAOACH ; M A X IM U M T I M E F O R V E R T l V E R T

MIVT E a u 0 ~ 4 6 0 ~ ; M I N I M U M T I M E F O R V E R T l V E R T

; N O M IN A L T I M E I S B 2 E 6 H F OR 60 hZ .

,___________________------------------------------------

; ( N O M I N A L + 1 O X )

; ( N O M I N A L - 1 0 X )

EPF E a u 2 0 0

CALL MFG-UPC L I

MOVO U T T I M - C T L , A LMOV CX,EOOOH

MOV AL,OOHO U T T I M E R + I , A LS U E A X , A XI N T IOHM O V A X , 0 5 0 7 HI N 1 IOH

MOV DX,OODAHS U E C X , C X

A L , 0 I I lOOOOB

a i : LOW a i

; L O O K F O R V E R T I C A L9 2 : IN AL,DX

T E S T A L , O O O O l O O O BJNE a3LOOP a 2

JMP SHORT a i l sM O V E L . 0 0

; G O T V E R T I C A L - S T A R T T I M E Ra3: XOR AL,AL

O UT T I M E R + l , A LS U E E X , E X

XOR CX,CX

T E S T A L , 0000 O O O E

; U A I T F O R V E R T I C A L T O GO A UA V

a4: IN A L , D X

JZ asLOOP a4

; NUMBER OF ENABLES PER FRAME

; M F G C H E C K P O I N T = F S

; S E T T I M E R I TO MODE 0

; U A I T F O R M OD E S E T T O " T A K E "

; S EN D F I R S T B Y T E T O T I M E R; S E T M O D E 4 0 x 2 5 - BU

; S E T T O V I D E O P A G E 7

; S E T A D D R E S S I N G T O V I D E O A R R A Y

; G E T S T A T U S; V E R T I C A L T H E R E V E T ?; C O N T I N U E I F I T IS; K E E P L O O K I N G T I L L C O UN T E X HA U S T E D

; N O V E R T I C A L = ERROR 0900

; S E N D 2 N D B Y T E T O T I M E R T O S T A R T; I N I T . E N A B L E C OU NT ER

; G E T S T A T U S; V E R T I C A L S T I L L TH ER E?;

C O N T I N U E I F I T ' S GO NE; K E E P L O O K I N G T I L L C O UN T E X H AU S T E DM O V B L , O I HJMP SHORT a i 1 5 ; VERTICAL STUCK ON = ERROR 0901

; N OU S T AR T L O O K I N G F OR E N A B L E T R A N S I T I O N S

a6: IN AL,DX ; G E T S T A T U Sas: SUE cx,cx

TEST AL,OOOOOOO1E ; E N A B L E O N V E T ?JNE a7

JNE a i lLOOP a6

JMP SHORT 0115

JZ ae

T E S T A L , OOOOl OOOE

MOV E L , O Z H

, M A K E S U R E V E R T I C A L U E N T O F F UI07: T E S T A L , OOOOl OOOB

MOV EL , OJHJMP SHORT Q l l S

, N OU U A I T F O R E N A B L E TO GO O F Fa8 SUE c x .c xas: IN

T E S TJ ELOOPMOVJMP

. E N A B L E H A S010 I N C

J ZT E S T

J Z

GO ON I F I T ISV E R T I C A L O N A G A I N ?C O N T I N U E I F I T I SK EE P L O O K IN G I F N O T

E N A B L E S TU C K O F F = E R R O R 0 9 0 2

V E R T I C A L O F F ?GO ON I F I T IS

V E R T I C A L S T U C K O N = ERROR 0903

H E N A B L E G O I N G O N

AL; OX GET STATUSA L , O O O O O O O l E ; E N A B L E O F F V E T ?a i o ; PROCEED I F I T ISas ; K E EP L O O K I N G I F N OT V E T L O UE L , 0 4 HSHORT ai15 . ENABLE STUCK ON = ERROR os04

TOGGLED. BUMP C O U N T ~ RAND TEST FOR NEXT VERTICALE X ; BUMP EN ABL E COUNTERa i 1 ; I F COUNTER URAPS, ERRORAL,OOOO1OOOB ; D I D E N A B L E GO L O U B E C A U S E O F

a5 ; I F NOT, LOOK FOR ANOTHER ENAB LE; V E R T I C A L ?

; TOGGLE

8/12/2019 jrtech


0421 EO 400423 E6 430425 E 1 F E O OC E

0429 74 040428 E 3 050420 E E 74042F E 4 4 10431 E A E O0433 900 4 3 4 E 4 4 10436 E6 EO

0438 F E

0439 900 4 3 A 30 AOAC0 4 3 D 70 04

043F E3 060441 E E 60

0443 30 C 4 6 00446 7 E 04

0448 E 3 070 4 4 A E E 57

0 4 4 C 2 B C 9044E E4 2 10450 24 D F0452 E 6 2 10454 20 06 0484 R0458 F E0419 F6 06 0484 R 2 0

045E 75 060460 E2 F70462 E3 08

0464 E E 30

0466 E 4 2 10468 OC 200 4 6 A E 6 2 1

0 4 6 C BE 0 9 D E046F 98 077F

0472 68 0028

047s co 10

0477 33 CO

0479 2 E C 90478 E E

0 4 7 C E C0 4 7 D A B 10

047F 75 08

0481 E 2 F 90483 E3 100 4 8 5 OA D C0 4 8 7 E E I A

0489 2 E C 90488 E C0 4 E C A B 100 4 E E 74 080490 E 2 F9

0492 E 3 200494 OA DC0496 E B 08

0498 F E C 40 4 9 A EO F C 0 40490 74 09

049F E A C 40 4 A 1 E E D 60 4 A 3 E 7 090 4 A 5 E 9 0 9 BC R

0 4 A E04AE

0 4 A E048004830485

04880 4 E D

E E 1388 RBE 0001

CD 10BE 0507CD 10E 1 3 E 0072 R 1 2 3 47 4 03E E O C 2 1 R

, H A V E H AD CO M P LE T E V E R T I C A L - V E R T I C A L C Y C LE , N OU T E S T R E S U L T S

011 HOV IL~OH , L A T C H T I M E R 1O U T T I M - C T L , A L ,CHP E X ,E P F , NUMEE R OF E NA B L E S E E TUE E N

, V E R T I C A L S 0 K 7

JE a 1 2HOV EL,OSH

a i15 JHP snow a 2 2 , URONG t E NA B L E S E RROR 09050 1 2 I N A L ,T IH E R + l , G E T T I M E R V A L U E L O U

HOV AH,AL , S A VE I TNOPI N A L ,T IH E R + l , G E T T I M E R HIGH

XCHG AH.AL

ST I , I N T E R R U P T S B A C K O N

NOPCHP AX,HAVTJGE 013

JHP . s n o R T a 2 2 , V E R T I C A L S TOO F A R A P A R THOV E L , O ~ H

, = ERROR 0906a n CHP AX,MI~T

JLE a i 4HOV E L , O ~ H

JHP SHORT a22 , V E R T I C A L S T O O C L O S E T O G E T H E R, = ERROR 0907

, T I M I N G S S E E M 0 K . N OU C H EC K V E R T I C A L I N T E R R U P T ( L E V E L 5 )

014: S U EI NANDOUTANDS T I

a i s : TEST

J N ZL O O PHOVJ H P

a i s : I NOR

cx, cx ; S E T T t H E O U T R E GAL, I NTAO 1

A L , l l O l l l l l E ; U N M A S K I N T . L E V E L 5

I N T A O 1 , A LDA TA -A RE A CI NTR-FLA G-DA TA ] , A L

D A T A ~ A R E A ~ I N T R ~ F L A G - D A T A l , O O l O O O O O E S E E IF I N T R

a 16 ; GO ON I F IT D I D0 15 ; K E E P L O O K I N G I F I T D I D N ’T

S HO RT a 2 2 , N O V E R T I C A L I N T E R R U P T

AL, I NTAO 1 ; D I S A B L E I N T E RR U P T S FO R L E V E L 5A L . OOl OOOOOE :

; E N A B L E I N T S .

; 5 HAPPENED YET

EL, o w

; = ERROR 0908

OUT I N T A O l A L; S E E I F R ED , G RE EN , B L U E A ND I N i E N S I F Y D O T S U OR K; F I R S T . S E T A L I N E O F R E VE R SE V ID E O, I N T E N S I F I E D B L A N K S I N T O VI D E O

EUFFERHOV AX,OSDEHHOV e x . 0 7 7 ~ ~

INT i o nMOV CX ,4 0

XOR AX,AX

O U T D X , A L; S E E I F DOT COMES ON018: I N A L,D X

a i 7 : SUB cx,cx

T E S T A L , 000 O O O O EJNZ a i sLOOP a l eHOV EL, i o n

JMP S H O R T a 2 2OR E L ,A H

; S E E I F DOT GOES OFF

020: I N A L,D X019: S UE cx,cx

TE S T A L , O O O l O O O O E

L O O P 0 2 0JE a 2 1

HOV E L , ~ O H

JHP S HO RT a 2 2O R E L , A H

; A D J U S T TO P O I N T TO N E X T D OT9 2 1 : INC A n

CHP AH.4

H O V A L , A HJ H P 017

JE a 2 3

9 2 2 : MOV en . osnJHP E-MSG

ASSUME DS D A T A; D ON E U I T H T E S T R E SE T T O 4 0 x 2 5 -

0 2 3 . C A L L DD SHOV ~ ~ , o o o i nINT i o nHOV A X , O ~ O ~ HI N 1 I O H

U R I T E C HA RS , B L O C K SPAGE 7, R E V E R S E V I D E O ,

HIGH I N T E N S I T Y40 CHARACTERS

STUT u t T n BLUE DOTS

S E T V IDE O A RRA Y A DDRE S S FOR DOTS

G E T S T A T U SDOT THE RE 7GO L OOK FOR DOT TO TURN OFFC O N T I N U E T E S T I N G F O R D O T O N

OR I N D O T B E I N G T E S T E DDOT NOT COMING ON = E R R O R 0 9 1 X( X=O, BLUE, X=l , GREEN;X = 2 , R ED ; X = 3, I N T E N S I T Y )

G E T S T A T U SIS D OT S T I L L O N?GO ON I F DOT OFFE L S E, K E E P U A I T I N G FO R D O T

TO GO OFF

OR I N DO T B E I N G T E ST E D

(X =O, B L UE ; X = l , GREE N;DOT STUCK ON = E R R O R 0 9 2 X

X = 2 , R ED ; X =3 , I N T E N S I T Y )

A L L 4 DOTS DONE ?GO END

GO LOOK FOR ANOTHER DO7S E T HSE OF ERROR CODE

COLOR

I N t T TO 4 0 x 2 5 - COLOR

S E T TO V I D E O P A G E 7

CHP RESETJLAG, 1 23 4 H , UA RM S TA RT?JE a 2 4 , B Y P A S S P U T T I N G U P P O U ER - ON S C R EE NCALL PUT-LOGO , PUT LOGO ON SCREEN

8/12/2019 jrtech


04800 4 C O0 4 C 20 4 C 40 4 C 60 4 C B0 4 C 90 4 C A

0 4 C C0 4 C F040 1

0 4 0 30 4 0 9

0 4 D F04E00 4 E 1

04E40 4 E 70 4 E AO 4 E E04F204F60 4 F 90 4 F D0 4 F F050 1

E8 O C 2 1 RBO 76E 6 43BO 00E 6 4 19090E 6 4 1

E E E 6 D E R33 coE E DE

C 7 06 0008 R O F 7 8 RC 7 06 0120 R F 0 6 E R

OE5E

A 3 0122 R

€8 1388 RBE O O l E RE 9 36 0 0 1 A RE 9 36 O O l C RE 9 36 0080 RE 3 C 6 20E 9 36 0 0 8 2 RE 4 A 0BO EOE 6 A 0

0503 E 8 E 6 D E R0506 EB 00400509 E 4 6 20508 A B 08

0 5 0 0 75 03O 5O F E 3 C 3 400512 530513 E 3 EB 10

0516 89 I E 0013 R0 5 1 A 580518 B A 2000051E 2 8 F F0520 B 9 A A 5 50523 E E C 2

0525 2 6 : 89 OD0 5 2 8 EO OF0 5 2 A 2 6 : E8 050 5 2 0 33 C l0 5 2 F 75 OC

0531 E 1 C 2 10000535 E 3 C 3 40O 5 3 E EO F E A 0OSOB 7 5 E 60530 89 1E 0015 R

0541 BE 00040544 EE 0 5 B C R0 5 4 7 E A 0080

0 5 4 A E9 78000 5 4 0 EE C 2054F 5 1

0550 5 3

0551 500552 E8 0859 R0555 74 030557 E 9 0603 RO 5 5 A 58OSIE 580 5 I C 590550 EO FD 7 80560 9 C0561 OS 0 0 3 C0564 900565 7 4 030567 05 00020 5 6 A EE 0 5 B C R0560 3 8 C 30 5 6 F 75 030571 E 9 0 6 4 0 R

C A L L924: HOV

OUTHOVOUTNOPNOPOUTASSUMEC A L LXORHOV

HOVHOV

P u s nPOPHOVASSUMEC A L LHOVHOVHOVHOVADDHOVI NHOVOUT

P U T L O G O

AL , on

A L . 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 8 ;

T I M - C T L , A L ;

T I HER+ 1,A L

T I HER+ 1, A LOS: A B S 0HFG-UPAX, AX

P U T LOGO ON SCREENR E - I N I T T I M E R 1

H F G C H E C K P O I N T = F 4

OS, AX

NHI -PTR,OFFSET KBDNHl ; SET INTERRU PT VECTORKEVBZ_PTR,OFFSET KEY SCAN SAVE . SET VECTOR FOR

csAXKEV62-PTR+2, AXOS: DATADDS ' SET DATA SEGMENT

BUFFER-HEAD, SIBUFFERJAIL, SIBUFFER-START, SISI,32 ; SET DEFAULT BUFFER OF 32 BYTES

BUFFER-END, SIA L ,OAOH , C L E A R N H l F I FAL. eon : E N A B L E N H I

, POL INT -HANDLEk

SI,OFFSET KB BUFSER , SET KEVBOARD PARHS

OAOH, ALI F A K EY IS STUCK, THE BUFFER'SHOU LD F I L L U I T H T H A T K E Y ' S C OD E

T H IS U I L L BE CHECKED LATER

H EH OR V S I Z E D E T E R M I N E AN D T E S TT H I S R O U TI N E U I L L D E T ER M IN E HOW MUCH HEM

AND SET "HEHORV-SI ZE AND "REAL-HEHORV"UORDS I N THE DATA AREA.

AFTER THI S, MEMORY WILL B E E I T H E R T E S TE DOR CLEARED. DEP END ING ON THE CONTENTS OF

IS TTACHED TO THE SYSTEM (UP TO 6 4 0 ~ ~ )

*~RESET-FLAC~~.HFG. ERROR CODES -0A XX PLA NAR BO ERROR

-0BX X 64 K CD ERROR

925:

026:

ASSUMEC A L LHOVI NT E S TJ N EADD

SUEHOVPOPHOVSUBHOVHOV

HOVHOVHOVXORJ N Z

ADDADDCUPJ N E

P u s n

OS: DATAHFG-UP ; H F G C H E C K P O I N T = F 3BX, 64 ; S T AR T U I T H B A S E 6 4 KAL, PORT-C ; G E T C O N F I G B V T EA L , 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 B ; SEE I F 6 4 K CARD I N S T AL L E D9 2 5 ; ( B I T 4 WILL B E 0 I F CARD PLUGGED)BX, 64 ; ADD 64KB X ; SAVE K COUNTBX, 16 ; SUBTRACT 16K CRT REFRESH SPACECHEHORV-SI Z E I , BX ; LOAD "CO NTI GUOUS MEMORY" UORDEXO X , 2 0 0 0 HD 1 , D ICX, OAA55HES. OX

E S : C D I I , C XAL, OFHAX, ES: I D 1AX, CX9 2 7

OX, lOOOHB X, 6 4OH, OAOH4 2 6

SET POINTER TO JUST ABOVE'12BKS E T D I T O P O I N T T O B E G I N N I N GLOAD DATA PATTERNSET SEGMENT TO ROINT TO MEMORYSPACES E T D A T A P A T T E R N T O MEMORYSET A L TO ODD VALUEGET DATA PATTE RN BACK FROM HEMS E E I F D A T A HA D E I T B A C KNO? THEN END OF HEM H A S B E E NREACHEDP O I N T T O B E G I N N I N G O F N EX T 6 4 KADJU ST TOT AL HEM. COUNTERP A S T 6 4 0 K V E T ?CHECK FOR ANOTHER BLOCK I F NOT

9 2 7 : HOV CTRUE-HEHl,BX . LOAD "TOTAL MEMORY" UORD: SIZE HAS BEEN DETERMINED, NOU +EST OR CLEAR ALL OF MEMORY

AX, 4 ; 4 KB KNOWN OK AT THIS P O I N TOVC A L LHOV

HOV928: HOV

pusnP u s n

P u s nC A L LJ ZJ H P

929: POPPOPPOPCHPPUSHFADDPOPFJ EADD

CHP930: C A L L

J N EJ H P

935OX, ooeon

CX, 7EOOHES, OXc xE X

AXPODSTG9 2 9939AXB Xcxcn, ~ E H

A X, 6 0

030AX, 2035AX, EX4 3 1

943

; SET POINTER TO JUST ABOVE; LOUER 2K; T E S T 3 0 K U O RD S ( 6 0 K B )

; TEST OR FILL HEM

; JUMP I F ERROR

; RECOVER; U A S T H I S A 60 K P A S S

; BUMP GOOD STORAGE BV 60 K E

;ADD 2 FOR A 62 K PASS

; ARE UE DONE VET?

; ALL DONE, I F SO

8/12/2019 jrtech


O S 7 4 30 OOEO0577 7 4 IE0579 EA OFEO0 5 7 C E9 0400057F EE C 2O S 8 1 500582 530583 520584 E 8 O B 5 9 ROS87 75 7 A0589 5 A0 5 E A 5 8OSEE 58

OSEC 05 0 0 0 2O S E F E A 1000

O S 9 2 89 7COO0595 E E E 60597 E A 20000 5 9 A 3E DE0 5 9 C 7 5 03059E E9 0 6 4 0 RO S A I E9 4 0 0 00 5 A 4 E E C 2O S A 6 500 1 A 7 53

0 5 A E 52

O S A 9 E E 0859 ROSAC 75 55OS A E 5 AO SA F 5 80 5 B O 58

0581 05 0 0 2 00 5 8 4 E8 0 5 B C R0 5 8 7 EO C 6 08

0 5 E A EE D E

0 5 B CO 5 E CO S E FoscsO 5 C 7OSCE0 x 9

0 5 C A0 5 C E

0 5 C D0 5 D O

0502O S 0 405DSO 5 D 60509OSDCOSDEOSEOOSE3O 5 E 40 5 E 6O S E 90 5 E AOSEDO S E FO S F 2

0 5 F SO S F EO S F 9OSFCO S F EO S F F0600

060 1

06020603

E 8 1388 R8 1 3 E 0 0 7 2 R 1 2 3 47 4 38

535 1

52

5 0E 4 0 2

E A 1 4 2 1E 7 07CD 10

5850EB OOOAE9 000333 02

F7 F 3EO CA 3052

E 2 F6E9 000358

E E 1 8 E A RE 2 F AE9 0003EE 0025 R

2 E . E A 0446E E I E E A RE2 F7SES A595Ec3

0 6 0 3 S A

0604 8 1 F A 2000

0 6 0 8 7 C OE0 6 0 A E A 09

0 6 0 C O A DO0 6 0 E E 1 0 4

0 6 1 0 0 2 E E0 6 1 2 8 7 100 6 1 4 OA F E0 6 1 6 EE 200 6 1 8 E 7 OA0 6 1 A E 4 620 6 1 C 2 4 080 6 1 E 74 06

0 6 2 0 E A 0 9

0 6 2 2 O A DO

0 6 2 4 E E 12

a3I

0 3 2a33

a34

CMP

J EMOVMOVMOVP u s npusnP u s nC A L LJ N ZPOPPOPPOP

ADDMOVMOVJ M P

CMPJ N EJ M PMOVMOV

nov

P u s nP u s nP u s nC A L LJ N ZPOPPOPPOPADDC A L LADDJMP

A X , 1 2 8

0 3 2OX, OFEOH

ES, DXAXexDXPODSTG039DXB XAX

AX, 2

cx, 0 4 0 0 ~

O X , loooncx, XOOHazeox, 2 0 0 0 ~

a 3 4

cx, 4 0 0 0 ~

EX, AX

0 4 3

ES, OXAXE XD XPODSTG

OXE XAX

A X, 3 2

a39

a35

Dn, oen033

DONE u i T n I 1 2 ~ ~ 7

GO F I N I S H RE ST O F HEMS ET P O IN T E R TO F I N I S H IS1 6 4 K E

GO T E S T l F I L L

UPDATE GOOD COUNTS E T P O I N T E R TO 2 N D 6 4 K B L O C K6 2 K U O R T HGO TEST ITP O I N T T O B L OC K AB O VE I Z E KCOMPARE GOOD MEM TO TOTAL MEM

E X I T I F A L L D ONES E T F O R 3 2 K B B L O C K

G O T E S T / F I L L

BUMP GOOD MEMORY COUNTDISPLAY CURRENT GOOD MEMS E T P O I N T E R T O N E X T 3 2 KAND MAKE ANOTHER PASS

; S U B R O U T I N E F O R P R I N T I N G T E S T E D

; C A L L PA R M S: A X = K OF GOOD MEMORY; MEMORY OK MSC ON THE CRT

(IN H E X )

b35

036:

0 3 7 :

038:

0 3 5 E :03s

PROCC A L LCMPJ EP u s nP u s nP u s nP u s n

nov

P u s n

MOV

MOV

1N TPOP

MOVMOVXORD I VOR

LOOPMOVPOPC A L LLOOPMOVMOV

MOVI NCC A L LLOOPPOPPOPP O PPOPR E T

P u s n

NEARDDSRESET-FLAG, 1 2 3 4 ~ '0 3 5 ~E XcxDXAXAH, 2

OX, 1 4 2 1 ~en, 7i o nAXAXEX, 10

cx, 3OX, OXE XDL, OHDX0 3 6cx, 3

a37cx, 3

AXPRT-HEX

SI,O F F S E T F 3 E

A L ,CS : I S 1 1SIPRT-HEX

AXOXcxE X

038

ENDP; DN E NTRY TO ME MORY ERROR ROUT INE , CX HA S E RROR B I T S, A H H AS O D D l E V E N I N F O . O T HE R U S E F U L I N F O ON THE S TA CK

039: POP

E S T A B L I S H A D D R E S S I N G

N O P R I N T O N U A R M S T A R T, UA RM S TA RT?

SAVE UORK REGSSET CURSOR TOUARD THE END OF

R OU 2 0 f R O U 2 0 , C O L 33)PAGE 7

S E T UP FOR DE CIMA L CONV E RTOF 3 N I B B L E S

D E V I D E B Y 10

M AKE I N T O A S C I IS I V E

RECOVER A NUMEER

P R I N T K E "

CMPJL

MOVORMOV

SHRMOVORJ M P

I NANDJ ZMOVORJ M P

0 4 0 : MOV

DX, 2OOOW

a40E L . C L

CL , 4

on, CLEM, i o n

s n o w a 4 2

E L , C H

En, OH

En, OAHAL, PORT-CAL, O O O O l O O O Ea4 I

E L , E LEL, cnSHORT 042

P OP S EGMENT P OIN TE R TO OXf H E A D I N G D O Y N H I L L , D O N 'T C A R EA B OUT S TA CK )ABOVE 12EK ( T H E S I M P L E C A S E )GO DO O D D I E V E N - L E S S T H A N 12EK

F OR M E RR OR B I T S ( " X X " )

R O T A TE MO ST S I G N I F I G A N TN I B B L E O F S E G M E TT O L O U N I B B L E O F OH

F OR M V " V A L U E

E R R O R O A . . . .G ET C O N F IG E I T ST E S T F O R A T T R I B C A R D P R E S E N TUORRY A B OUT ODDlE V E N I F I T IS

C OM EIN E ERROR B I T S I F I T I S N ' T

8/12/2019 jrtech


0 6 2 6 eo FC 0 2

0 6 2 8 7 4 oe

0 6 3 1 eo FC 0 1

0 6 2 9 8 A D 9

0 6 2 0 F E C 70 6 2 F O A DD

0634 74 0 20 6 3 6 F E C 7

0 6 3 8 B E 0035 R0638 Ee osec R

0 6 3 E F A0 6 3 F F 40 6 4 0

0 6 4 00 6 4 30 6 4 60 6 4 90 6 4 80 6 4 00 6 4 F065 1

0 6 5 30 6 5 5

E8 E 6 D B R

E e 1 3 8 8 R

BE O O l E R

8 A 0 7OA CO7 4 06

E 7 2 28 A D 8EE OAeo 3~ 0 0 1 2 R 00

0 6 5 A 7 4 I C0 6 5 C BE 2 0 0 00 6 5 F BE 0036 R

0 6 6 2 e 1 3~ 0 0 7 2 R 4 3 2 10 6 6 8 7 4 oe0 6 6 A E l 3 E 0 0 7 2 R 1 2 3 40670 7 4 030 6 7 2 EE 0 9 E C R0 6 7 5 E 9 0 6 F F R

0 6 7 8 E A 02010678 EC0 6 7 C 2 4 F O0 6 7 E 7 4 7 F0 6 8 0 € 4 6 2o m 2 2 4 EO

0684 7 4 79

0 6 8 8 2 4 FC

06ec eo e 6

0 6 8 6 E 4 6 1

0 6 8 A E 6 6 1

0 6 8E E 6 4 30 6 9 0 EO 40

0 6 9 2 E 6 A 00 6 9 4 EO 20

0696 B A 0 0 4 20699 E EO W A 2 e co069c ee CE0 6 9 E EE

069F E 4 6 10 6 A 1 OC 01

0 6 A 3 E 6 6 10 6 A 1 E 4 6 20 6 A 7 2 4 4 00 6 A 9 7 5 0 60 6 AE E 2 F B0 6A D E 3 0 20 6 AF E E 4 90 6 8 1 06

0 6 8 2 2 e co

0684 eE co0 6 8 6 2 6 c7 06 oooe R FEE R0680 A Z 0 0 8 4 R0 6 C O E 4 6 10 6 C 2 O C 300 6 C 4 E 6 6 1

0 6C B E 6 A 00 6 c 6 eo co

O ~ C A e9 0100

a 4 1 CMP A H , O ~ , EVE N BYTE ERROR” ERR OAXXMOV e L , c ~JE 0 4 2I N C EM , MAKE INTO oexx ERR

JE a 4 2

OR e L . w , MOVE AND COMBI NE ERROR B I T SCMP AH, 1 , ODD BYTE ERROR

INC en , MUST HAVE B EEN BOTH- MAKE I N TO OCXX

a 4 2 MOV SI.OFFSET MEM-ERRCALL E-MSG , L E T E R R O R R O U T I N E F I G U R E O U T

C L I

H L T

, UHAT TO DO

a43- -_ -_ -__-___-___________________________- - - - - - - -, KEYSOARD TEST, D E S C R I P T I O N

N M I H A S B E E N E N A BL E D F OR Q U I T E A F E USECONDS NOY CHECK THAT NO SC AN CODESH A V E S HO UN U P I N T H E B U F F E R ( S T U C KK E Y ) I F TH EY H A V E, D I S P L A V T HE M A N0POST ERRORMFG ERR CODE2 0 0 0 S T R A Y N M l I N T E R R U P T S OR K E YB O AR DRECEI VE ERRORS2 1 X X C AR D F A I L U R E

X X = O l , K B D A T A S T UC K H I G HX X r 0 2 , K E D AT A S TU C K L O UX X = 0 3 , N O N M t I N T E R R U P T

2 2 X X S T U CK K E Y ( X X Z S C A N C O D E)

ASSUME DS D A T A

CALL MFG-UP , MFG CODEEF2C A L L D D S , E S T A B L I S H A D D R E S S I N GMOV EX, OFFS ET KB-BUFFERMOV AL,CBXI , CHECK FOR STUCK KEYSOR AL , AL , SCAN CODE = 0-

J E F 6 - Y , YES - C O N T I N U E T E S T I N GMOV BH.22H , 22XX ERROR CODEMOV ~ L , A LJ M P S HO RT F 6

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .----- CHECK FOR STUCK KEYS

F6-Y CMP KED-ERR,OOH , D I D N M I ‘S H A P PE N U l T H NO S C A N, CODE PASSED-

J E F 7 , ( S T R A Y S ) - C O N T IN U E I F N ON EMOV ex 2 0 0 0 ~ S ET ERROR CODE 2 0 0 0

C M P R E S E T J L A C , 4 3 2 l H , U A R M S T A R T T O D I A G SJ E F 6 - 2 , D O NOT PUT UP MESSAGECMP RESETJLAC, 1234H , UARM SYSTEM STARTJ E F 6 - 2 , DO NOT PUT UP MESSAGECALL E-MSG , PRI NT MSG ON SCREEN

F 6 MOV S I OFFSET KEY-ERk , GET MSG ADDR

F6-Z JMP F6-XC HE CK L I N K CA RD I F P R E SE N T

F 7

F7-0

F 7 - 1

MOVI NANDJ ZI NANDJ ZI NANDOUTMOV

OUTMOV

OUTMOV

MOVOUT

MOVOUTI NOROUTI NANDJ N ZLOOPMOVJMPP U S H

MOVMOVMOVI NOROUTMOVOUTMOV

sue

sue

D i , 0 2 0 1 HAL , DXAL, OFOHF6-XAL. PORTJAL, lO O O O O O O EF6-XAL, PORT-EAL, llllllOOEPORT-E, ALAL , OE6HT I M-CTL , LA L, 0 4 0 H

, CHECK FOR BURN- I N MODE

. B Y P AS S C HE CK I N B U R N - I N MODE, G E T C O N F I C P O R T D A T A, KEYBOARD CABLE ATTACHED”, BY PASS T ES T I F I T IS

, DROP SPEAKER DATA

, MODE S E T T I M E R 2

, D I S A B L E N M I

OAOH. ALA L, 3 2 , L S B T O T I M E R 2

DX, T I MER+ZDX, ALAX, AXCX, AXDX. AL , MSB T O T I M E R 2 ( S T A R T T I M E R )AL, PORT-EAL, I

PORT-E, AL , E N A B L E T I M E R 2AL, PORTJ , SEE I F K E Y B O A R D D A T A A C T I V EAL,OlOOOOOOE ,F 7 - 1 , E X I T L OO P I F D A T A SH OV ED U PF 7 - 0E L , 0 2 H , SET NO KEYBOARD DATA ERRORSHORT F6-1

ES , SAVE ES

AX, AX , SET UP SEGMENT REG

ES, AXES CNMl-PTRl.OFF;E: D l l , SET UP NEU NMl VECTORINTRJLAG,AL , R E S ET I N T R F L A GAL, PORT-E , D I S A B L E I N T E R N A L B E E P E R TOAL. 001100008 , PREVENT ERROR BEEPPORT-B. ALAL, OCOHOAOH, AL , E N A B L E N M I

, ( A PP R O X 4 0 K h 2 V A L U E )

cx, O l O O H

8/12/2019 jrtech


0 6 C D

0 6 C F

0 6 D T0603060506080 6 D A0 6 D C06E30 6 E 406E60 6 E B0 6 E A0 6 E C

0 6 E E06F006F20 6 F 4O 6 F 60 6 F BO 6 F A0 6 F C06FF0701

E 2 F E

E 4 6 124 C F

E 6 6 1A 0 0084 ROA COE3 032 6 : C 7 06 0008 R O F 7 8 R

74 14BO 00

E6 A 0E 4 6 124 F E

E6 6 1E 4 6224 407 4 09

E 2 F BE 3 01

87 2 1

E 9 065F RBO 00E 6 A 0

.07

= 0 A 9 A= OBAD

0703 E B € 6 0 8 R0706 E 4 6 10708 OC 090 7 0 A E6 61

0 7 0 C E 4 2 1

0 7 0 E O C 0 10710 E 6 2 10712 EO E 60714 E 6 43'0716 88 04020719 E6 42

0718 B A C 40710 E 6 4 2071F 28 C 90721 E 2 F E

0723 E 4 620725 24 100727 A 2 0068 R0 7 2 A E 8 F96F R0720 E8 F96F R0730 E 3 3 E0732 530733 € 8 F 9 6 F R0736 580737 E 3 370739 03 C 30738 30 O A 9 A0 7 3 E 73 300740 30 OBAD0743 72 280745 B A 0201

0748 EC0749 24 F O0748 3 C 10

0740 74 04

074F 3 C 40

0751 75 26

0753 E 4 6 1

0755 B A D O0757 24 E 50759 E 6 6 10758 33 C 90750 E 2 F E075F € 8 F96F R

0762 E8 F96F R0765 B A C 2

0767 E 6 6 10769 E 3 OE

0768 EB 23FF0 7 6 E E E 0307700770 BB 23000773 B E 0037 R0776 E B 0 9 B C R0779 E 4 2 10778 24 F E0770 E 6 2 1077F E 4 A 00781 BO BO0783 E6 A 0

F 6 - 0 , U A I T A B I T

AL , PORT-E , RE -E NA B L E B E E P E RAL, llOOllllEPORT-E, ALA L , I N T R - F L AG , G ET I N T R F L A G

A L , A L , U I L L B E N O N- ZE RO I F N H I H A P P E N E DEL, OJH S E T P OS S IB L E E RROR CODEE S C N H I - P T R I , O F F ~ E T K B DN H I ,E S , RE S TORE E SF6-1 , JU MP I F NO N H IAL ,oon , D I S A B L E F E E D B A C K C K TOAOH, ALAL, PORT-BA L . l l l l l l l O E . DROP GATE TO T I M E R 2

R E S E T N H I V E C T O R

F 6 - 0 L O O P

I N

ANDOUTHOVORHOVHOVP O PJ ZHOVOUTI NAND

OUT PORT-B, A L

AND AL,OlOOOOOOB ,J Z F 6-X . E X I T L O OP I F D A TA U E NT L O ULOOP F6-2

F 6 - 2 I N A L,P OR T-C , S E E I F K EY BO AR D D A TA A C T I V E

HOV B L , o i n . SET K E Y B OA RD D A T A STUCK niCn ERR~ 6 - 1 HOV E n , 2 1 n , P O S T E RR O R " 2 1 X X "

F6-X MOV AL,OOH , D I S A B L E F E E D B A C K C K T

J H P F6

OUT OAOH,AL

C A S S E T T E I N T E R F A C E T E S T

T U R N C A S S E T T E M O TO R O F F U R I T E A B I T OUT TO THEC A S S E T T E D A T A B U S V E R I F Y T H A T CA S S ET T E D AT AREAD IS U I T H I N A V A L I D R AN GE

........................................................


, HFC E RROR CODE =2 3 OOH (D A TA P A TH E RROR)

; (AX-PERIOD EOU 0A 9A H , OM + l o %HIN- P E R IOD E OU OB A DH ,NOM -10%,___-_URN T H E CASSETTE MOTOR OFF

23FF ( R EL A Y F A I L E D T O P I C K )

........................................................

CALL MFG-UP , H F G C O D E Z F II N A L, PO RT -BOR A L ,OOOO1 0 0 1 B , S E T T I M E R 2 S P K O J T , A ND C A S S E T T EOUT PORT-B, A L , OUT BITS ON, CA S S E T TE HOT OFF

I N A L .I N T A O1OR AL,~IH , D I S A B L E T I M E R I N T E R R U P T SO U T I N T A O 1 , A LHOV AL,OEOH , S E L T I M 2, LSB, HSB, HD 3O U T T I M E R + 3 , A L , U R I T E E 2 5 3 C H D l H O D E R EGMOV A X, 1 2 3 4 , S E T T I M E R 2 CNT FOR 1000 U S E CO U T T I M E R + Z , A L , U R I T E T I M E R 2 COUNTER REGHOV A L ,A H , U R I T E MSBO U T T I M E R + 2 , A L

S U B cx,cx , CL E A R COUNTE R FOR L ONG DE L A YLOOP I , U A I T FO R C OU NTER TO I N I T

I N A L,P OR T- C , R EA D VA L UE O F C AS S I N B I TAND AL, i o n , I S O L A T E F R O M O T H E R BITSMOV L A S T-V A L , A L

CA L L RE A D-HA L F-BI TJ C X Z F B , CAS-ERRP u s n EX , S A V E H A L F BIT T I M E V A L U ECA L L RE A D-HA L F-B I T

P OP A X , G E T T O T A L T I M EJ C X Z F B , CAS-ERRADD AX,EXCHP AX, MAX-PER1 ODJ N C F B , CAS-ERRCMP AX, HIN - P E e I ODJ C F B

I N A L,D XA ND A L ,OFOH , D E T E R M I N E MODEC H P A L , O O O 1 0 0 0 0 8 , H F G ?J E F9CMP AL, OlOOOOOOB , S E R V I C E ?J N E T l l - E N D GO TO N E X T T E S T I F NOT

, C H E C K T H A T C A S S E T T E R E L A Y IS P i C K I N C ( C A N ' T D O T E S T I N N OR MAL, M OD E B EC A US E OF P O S S I B I L I T Y O F U R I T I N C O N C A SS E T T E I F "RECORD"

B U T T O N IS DEPRESSED )

b9 I N A L, PO R T- E

----- U R I T E A BIT

___-_R E A D C A S S E T T E I N P U T

CALL READ-HALF-BIT , TO SET UP CONDITIONS FOR CHECK

nov DX,~OIH

HOV D L , A L , S A V E P ORT E CONTENTSA N D A L , 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 I E , S E T C A S S E T T E M OT OR O NOUT PORT-B, ALXOR CX,CX

C A L L R E A D - H A L F - B I TCALL READ-HALF-E1 TMOV AL,DL , DROP RE L A Y

OUT PORTJ, ALJ C X Z 1 1 3 - E N D , RE A D-HA L F-B IT S HOUL D T I M E OUT I N

MOV B X .2 3 FFH , E R R O R 2 3 F FJ H P S HO RT F B 1

F91 L O O P F91 , U A I T F O R R E L A Y TO S E T T L E

, THIS SITUATION

F B , CAS-ERRMOV EX 2 3 0 0 ~ ERR CODE 2 3 0 0 ~

FBI HOV SI:OFFSET CASSJ~R , CASSETTE URAP FAILEDCALL E-MSC , GO P R I N T E R R O R MSG

T 13 -E ND I N A L, I N T A O lA ND A L ,OFE H , E N A B L E T I M E R I N T SO UT I N T A O l , A LI N A L, NM I- PO R T , C LE AR N H I F L I P l F L O PHOV A L , B ~ H , E N A B L E N H I I N T E R U PT SOUT NHI -P ORT, A L

8/12/2019 jrtech


0 7 8 5 €8 EGDB R0788 E A 0 2 F 80 7 8 8 EE €E31 R07EE 73 06

0 7 9 3 EE 0 9 B C R0790 BE 0038 R

0 7 9 6 E8 E 6 D E R0799 E 4 6 20 7 9 8 2 4 0 20790 75 OE0 7 9 F 8 A O 3 FE0 7 A 2 E8 E831 R

0 7 A 5 73 060 7 ~ 7 eE 0039 RO ~ A A €8 osnc R0 7 A D

0 7 A D0 7 A F078 I

0 7 8 40785

0786

0 7 B C0 7 E D0 7 B E0 7 E F

0789

0 7 C 1

0 7 C 30 7 C 9

0 7 C F0 7 D 507080 7 D C0 7 D D

2 8 coBE C D

OEas 0008

I FBE F E F 3 RB F 0 0 2 0 RA 5474 7

E 2 F B

EE D 9C 7 06 0014 R F F 5 4 RC 7 06 0 1 2 0 R I O C 6 R

C 7 06 0110 R F A 6 E RC 7 06 0060 R F F C B ROE58A 3 0062 R

..................................................................S E R I A L P R I N T E R A N 0 M OD EM PO UE R ON D I A G N O S T I C

V E R I F I E S T HA T THE S E R I A L P R I N T E R U A R T F U N C T I O N S PR O P E RL YC H E CK S I F T H E M OD EM CA RD I S A T T AC H ED I F IT'S N O T , E X I T SV E R I F I E S T HA T T HE MODEM U A RT F U N C T I O N S P R O P E R L YERROR CODES RETURNED B Y 'U AR T ' R AN GE FR OM 1 TO I F H AN D A R ER EP O RT ED V I A R E G I S T E R E L SEE L I S T I N G O F ' U A RT ' ( P O D 2 7 )FOR POSSIEL E ER R OR SM FG E RR C OD ES 2 3 X X F OR S E R I A L P R I N T E R


2 4 XX FOR MODEM--------------_-_-______________________------------------------_-ASSUME CS CODE.DS DATA

T E S T S E R I A L P R I N T E R I N S 8 2 5 0 U A RT

CALL HFG-UP , M F G R O U T I N E I N D I C A T O R = F OM OV OX,O2 F8 H , A D DR E S S OF S E R I A L P R I N T E R CA RDC A L L U A R T , ASVNC H COMM AD APTER PODJN C TM , PASSEDM OV SI , OF FS ET C OH I -ER R , C O D E F O R D I S P L A YCALL E-MSG , REPORT ERROR

T E S T M O DE M I N S E 2 5 0 U A RT

---_-_-_________________________________-------------------

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

..................................................................TM CALL MFG-UP , M FG R O U T I N E I N D I C A T O R = E F

I N A L. PO RT -C , TEST FOR MODEM CARD PRESENTAND AL,OODDOO1OE , ONLY CONCERNED U I T H B I T I

J N E T M l , I T ' S N OT T HE RE - DONE U I T H T E S TM OV D X.0 3 FEH , ADDRESS OF MODEM CARDC A L L U A R T , ASVNC H COMM A DAPTER POD

J N C T M l PASSEDMOV S I , OFFS ET COMZ-EkR MODEM ERRORCALL E-MSG , R ~ P O R T RROR

TH I_-_-_-_-_-___-__________________________-------S E T U P H A R DU A RE I N 1 V EC TO R T A B L E

ASSUME CS CODE,DS AB S0SUB AX,AXMOV ES.AX

- -___ -__________________________________- - - - - - -

F 7 A :

.

-----

MOV cx;oe , GET VECTOR CNTP U S H C S , SETU P D S SEG R EGPOP D SMOV S1,O FFS ET VECTORJABLEMOV DI, FFSET IN T - PTRMOVSUI N C D I ; S K IP OVER SEGMEN TI N C D IL O O P F 7 A

A S S UM E D S : A 8 5 0MOV DS,CXM OV IN T5 - PTR ,OFFSET PR IN T- SC R EEN ; P R I N T S C R E E NM OV KEV6 2 - PTR , OFFSET KEV 6 2 - IN T ; 62 K E Y C O N V E R S I O N

MOV CSET-PTR ,OFFSET CRT-CHAR-GEN ; D O T T A B L EMOV BASIC -PTR,OF FSET BASJNT ; C A S S E T T E B A S I C E N T RYP U S H C SPOP AXM OV U ORD PTR BA SIC - PT R t2 ,AX ; C ODE SEGMEN T FOR C ASS ETTE

SET U P O T H E R I N T E R R U P T S A S N E C E S SA R Y

; R O U T I N E

._-_____________________________________------------------------

; C H EC K FOR OPT ION AL ROM FROM COO00 TO F OO OO I N 2 K B L O CK S( A V A L I D H O OU LE H A S ' 5 5A A ' I N T HE F I R S T 2 L O C A T I O N S ,L E NG T H I N D I C A T O R ( L E N G T H I 5 1 2 ) I N T HE 3 D L O C A T I O N A NDT E S T l I N I T . CODE S T AR T IN G I N THE 4 T H L O C A T I O N . 1

MFC ERR CODE 2 5 x x ( x x =M s B OF SEGMENT THAT HAS CRC CHECK)

0 7 E O BO 01

0 7 E 2 E6 130 7 E 4 E E E 6 D E R07E7 EA C OO00 7 E A0 7 E A E E D A0 7 E C 2 B D B

0 7 F O 53O 7 F l 58

0 7 F 2 3 0 A A 5507F5 75 05

O 7 F7 E 8 € 8 5 1 R0 7 F A E8 04

O ~ E E am 07

0 7 F C0 7 F C E 1 C 2 OOEOO B 0 00800 81 F A FOOO0804 7 C E 4

MOV

OUTC A L LMOV

ROM-SCAN-1 :

HOV

MOVP U S HP O PCMPJ N LC A L LJMP

ADD

CMPJL

sun

NEXT-ROM :

ARE-UE-DONE :

AL, O I H

134, A LMFG-UPDX. OCOOOH

DS, DXax, EXA X , CBX

axaxAX, OAA5 5 HNEXT-ROHROH-CHECKSHORT ARE-UE-

DX, OOEOH

DX, OFOOOHROM-SCAN-I

-DONE

MFG R O U T I N E = E ESET B E G I N N I N G A D D R E S S

SET B x = o o o o

B u s SETTLING

GET 151 UORD FROM NODULE

= TO I D UORO?PROCEED TO NEXT ROM I F NOTGO CHECK OUT MODULE; CHECK FOR END OF ROW S P A C E

P O I N T TO N EXT 2 K AD D R ESS

AT FOOOO VET ?GO CHECK ANOTHER ADD. I F NOT

A-20 R O M B I O S

8/12/2019 jrtech


0 8 0 6 E 8 E 6 D8 R

0 8 0 9 EE 1388 Roeoc eo FF0 8 0 E A 2 0 0 7 4 R0811 A 2 0075 R0 8 1 4 A 2 0076 R0817 E 4 6 20819 2 4 04

O 8 l D E 9 0 8 A 3 R0818 7 4 03

0 8 2 0 eo OE 0010 R 0 1

0 8 2 5 8 3 3 E 0 0 7 2 R 000 8 2 A 75 OE

0 8 2 E E 6 2 00830 E 4 200832 2 4 4 0

0 8 2 c eo OA

0 8 3 4 75 0 40836 83 030838 EE 330 8 3 ~ 80 eo

O W E a4 00

0 8 3 C E 6 F 2

0 8 4 0 8 A 040842 CD I 30 8 4 4 F 6 C 4 F F0 8 4 7 83 0 1

0 8 4 9 75 2 2

0 8 4 8 eo a i

O WF 2 8 c90 8 4 0 E 6 F 2

0851 E 2 F E0 8 5 3 E 2 F E0855 33 D 2

0 8 5 9 88 16 0 0 3 E R

0 8 5 D E 8 E 9 F E R0860 83 02

0 8 5 7 ES 0 1

0 8 6 2 7 2 09

0864 e5 2 2

0 8 6 9 73 O A

0 8 6 8 a3 020 8 6 0 87 2 6O W F BE 003c R

0866 E8 E 9 F B R

0 8 7 2 E 8 0 9 8 C R0 8 7 5 80 8 20 8 7 7 E 6 F 20 8 7 9 E 4 E 20878 2 4 06

0 8 7 ~ 3c 0 2O W F 75 IEo e e i eo a40 8 8 3 E 6 F 2

0885 E 4 E 20 8 8 7 2 4 060 8 8 9 3c 0 4oeae 7 5 1 2

0891 7 4 oc

0 8 9 7 7 4 0 20 8 9 9 8 4 eo0898 oa 2 6 0010 R

0 8 8 D E 4 E 20 8 8 F 2 4 30

0893 3 C 10

0 8 9 5 8 4 4 0

0 8 9 F E D 80

0 8 A 1 E 6 F 2O B I 3 C 6 06 0 0 8 4 R 000 8 A 8 E F 0 0 7 8 R

0 8 A 8 I EOBAC 07OBAD 88 1 4 1 4

0881 A 8

0885 A 80 8 8 6 A 80 8 8 7 E 4 2 10 8 8 9 2 4 F E0888 E 6 2 1

0 8 8 D 1 EOBEE 88 ---- RO K 1 B E D 8

oeeo AE

o e e 2 ea 0101

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .D I S K E T T E A T T AC H M EN T T E S T

CHECK I F I P L D I SK E TT E D R I V E IS ATTACHED TO SYSTEM I F

A T TA C H ED , V E R I F Y S T A T U S O F N E C F D C A F T E R A R E S E T I S S U EA RECAL AND SEEK CMD TO FDC AND CHECK STAT US COMPLETES Y S TE M I N I T I A L I Z A T I O N T H EN P A S S C ON T RO L TO T H E BO OTLOADER PROGRAh


, M FG E RR C OD ES 2 6 0 1 R E S E T T O D I S K E T T E C O N TR O L LE R CD F A I L E D2 6 0 2 R E C AL IB R AT E TO D I S K E T T E D R I V E F A I L E D2 6 0 3 U ATC HD OC T I M E R F A I L E D

...............................................................ASSUME CS CDDE,DS DATACALL MFG-UP , M F G R O U T I N E = ED

C A L L D D S , P O I N T T O D A T A AR E AMOV A L ,DFFHMDV TR4 CK 0 , A L , I N I T D I S K E T T E S C RA TC H PA DSMOV TRACK 1, A LMOV TRAC K2, ALI N A L, PO R T- C , D I S K E T T E P R E S E N T 7AND AL, 00000I008J Z F 1 0 - 0J MP F 1 5 N O - B Y P A S S D I S K E T T E T E S T

F1 0-0 OR BYT E PTR EQUIP-F;AG,OIH , S E T I P L D IS K E T TE, INDICATOR IN E a u i P F L A G

CMP RESET-FLAG.0 , RUNNING FROM P OUE R-ON S TA TE 7J NE F I O , B Y P A S S UA TCHDOG TE S TM O V A L . 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 8 , R E AD I N 1 R E Q U ES T R E G I S T E R CMDOUT INTA OO, A LI N A L. I N T A 0 0

J N Z F I O , PROCEED I F I T H A SM O V E L , 0 3 H , SET ERROR CODEJMP SHORT F13

O U T O F 2 H . A L , D I S A B L E U A T C H D O G T I M E RMOV AH.0 , RESET NEC FDCMOV DL,AH , S E T F O R D R I V E 0I N 1 13H , V E R I F Y S T A T U S A F T ER R E S ET

M O V 8 L . O I H , S E T UP P OS S IE L E E RROR CODEJ N Z F 1 3 , NO - F D C F A I L E D

MOV A L , D R I V E - E N A E L E + F D C - R E S E T , TURN MOTOR ON,DRIV E 0

O U T O F 2 H , A L , U R I T E F D C C O N T R O L R E G

AND AL, O I O O O O O O ~ , HAS UATCHDOG GONE OFF^

F 1 0 M OV A L , F D C -R E SE T

TEST AH,OFFH , STATUS OK'

, ---- T U R N D R I V E 0 MOTOR ON

sue cx ,cxF I I LOOP F I I , U A I T F O R 1 SECONDF 1 2 LOOP F I 2

XOR DX.DX . S E L E C T D R I V E 0MOV CH. I , S E L E CT TRA CK 1

MOV SEEK-STATUS, DL

C A L L S E E K , R E C A L I B R A T E D I S K E T T EMOV e L . 0 2 H , ERROR CODEJ C F 1 3 , GO TO E RR S U B R O U T I N E I F E RRMOV CH.3 4 , S E L E CT TRA CK 34C A L L S E E K , SEEK TO TRACK 34J NC F 1 4 , OK, TURN MOTOR OFF

M O V E L . 0 2 H

MOV S 1 ,OFFS E T DIS K -E RR , GET ADDR OF MSG

C A L L E-MSC , GO P R I N T E R R O R MSGF 1 4 MOV A L , F D C _ R E S E T * 0 2 H

OUT OF2 H.A LI N A L.O E 2HAND AL, OOOOOllO8

J N E F 1 4 - 1MOV A L , FDC _ RE S E T *0 4 HOUT OF2 H,A LI N A L. OE 2HAND AL, 00000 I 108CMP AL, O O O O O lO O 8

J N E F 1 4 - 1I N A L , O E2 H

J Z F 1 4 - 1CMP AL, 000 O O O O 8

MOV AH, O l O O O O O O 8

JE F 1 4 - 2MOV AH, lOOOOOOO8

F 1 3 MOV B H . 2 6 H , D SK -E RR l 2 6 X X )

CMP AL, oooooo loa

AND AL, oo I iooooe

F 1 4 - 2 OR B Y T E P T R E Q U I P - F L A G , A H

F 1 4- 1 MOV AL,FDC-RESET , T U R N D R I V E 0 MOTOR OFF

F I 5 MOV I N T R - F L A G . 0 0 H S E T S TR A Y I N T E R R U P T F L A G I 0

, ----- T U R N D R I V E 0 MOTOR OFF

O U T O F 2 H , A L

MO V DI, OFFSET PRINT-~IM-OUT , S E T D E F A U L T P R T TIMEOUT

P US H DSP OP E S

MOV A X , 1 4 1 4 H , D E F A U L T - 2 0STOSUSTOSUM O V A X . 0 1 0 1 H , R S 2 3 2 D E F A U L T = O ISTOSUSTOSUI N A L . I N TA O 1AND A L , O FE H E N AB L E T I M E R I N 1 ( L V L 0 )

OUT I NTAO 1, A LASSUME DS XXDATA

MOV AX, XXD ATAMOV DS,AX

P U S H D S

8/12/2019 jrtech


O E C 3

OECEO K 9OECEOECDOEDOOEDOO E D 2O E D 4O E D 7OE D9OEDE

OEDD

OEEOO E E 3O E E 50 E E 5O E E 9

OEEEOEECOEEDOEEEOEEFOEF I

O E F 3O E F 7O E F EO E F 9OEFAO E F EO E F E09000 9 0 2090509060908

0 9 0 A09 10

0911

09 1 20918

09 19

EO 3 E O O l E R 00

I F74 10E 2 02E 8 I A O C R

E 4 00CD 16EO F C I C75 F 7E E 05E 2 01

E E I A O C R

ED 0 0 3 D R33 F6

2 E . EE 56 00

EO AA

E EI EE CI F3 C A A75 06E9 9 4 OOOE R4 64 64 54 5E 3 FD 4 17 5 E 53 3 DEE A 0 3 F AE CA 8 F E75 08

C 7 E 7 0000 R 0 3 F E4 3

4 3C 7 E 7 0000 R 0 2 F 84 34 3

0 9 1 A BE C 60 9 1 C E 1 0 30 9 1 E D 2 C E0920 O A C 3

0 9 2 2 08 06 0011 R

0926 BE C E0 9 2 8 E8 0 2 F E0928 E A O 2 F C0 9 2 E 2 A CO0930 E E0931 E E 000933 E 7 030935 E C0936 E E 000938 EO 020 9 3A E 7 0 30 9 3 C E E0 9 3 0 E E 000 9 3 F E 7 D 30 9 4 1 E C

0 9 4 2 AB 080 9 4 4 7 4 230 9 4 6 A 8 0 1

0 9 4 80 9 4 A0 9 4 Cn 9 4 E0 9 4 F095 I0 9 5 30 9 5 40956

0 9 5 80958

0 9 5 E

09600 9 6 3

09690960

0 9 6 F0 9 7 20 9 7 40 9 7 A0 9 7 C0 9 7 00980

09820985

0 9 8 70 9 E A

7 5 I F2A COE 7 0 3E EE E 00E 7 D 3E C2 4 087 4 I1

EO C 9 20F 6 C I CO7 5 0 9

EO C 9 4 0C 7 06 0008 R 0 2 F 8

0 8 OE 0011 R33 D 2F 6 C I 4 07 4 18

E 1 3 E 0000 R 0 2 F 87 4 0 14 2E8 0 0 8 7CO 1 4F 6 C 4 I €7 5 05B E 0118

CO 1 4

POST-ERR, OOH , CHECK FOR "POST-ERR" NON-ZERODS D A T ADSF I 5 A - 0 , C O N T IN U E I F N O E R RO RD L , 2 , 2 S H O R T B E E P S ( E R R O R )ERR-BEEP

AH, 00

1 6 H , W A I T F O R " E N T E R " K E YA H, I C HERR-WAI TS H O R T F I S CD L . I . I S H O R T B E E P ( N O E R R O R S )

C H PASSUMEPOPJ EHOVC A L L

HOVI N TC H PJ N EJ H P

F I S A - 0 H O V

i l 5 C HOV E P, OF FS ET F 4 , PRT-SRC-TEL

F 16 , PRT-EASE

ERR-WA I T

CALL ERR-BEEP----- S E TU P P R I N T E R A ND R S 2 3 2 E A S E A DD R E SS E S I F D E V I C E A T TA C H ED

XOR SI,SI

H OV D X , C S [ B P I , G E T P R I N T E R E A S E A D D RHOV AL , OAAH , W R I T E D A T A T O P O R T AO U T D X , A L

P U S H DS , B U S S E T T L I N GI N A L,D X , READ PORT APOP D SC H P A L , O A A H , D A T A P A T T E R N S A M EJ NE F 1 7 , NO - CHECK NEXT PRT CDH O V P R I N T E R - E A S E t S I 1 , D X , Y E S - S T O R E P R T B A S E A D D RI N C SI , I NCR EMEN T TO NEXT UORDI N C 51

I N C E PC HP E P , O F F S ET F 4 E

,A L L P O S S I B L E A D DR S C H E C KE D ?

J N E F16 , PRT-EASEXOR EX,EX , S E T A D D R E S S E A S EHOV DX, O3FAH , P O I N T TO I N T ID R E G I S T E RI N A L,D X , READ PORTT E S T A L , O F E H , S EE M TO B E A N E 2 5 0J N Z F I EH O V R S 2 3 2 - B A S E C E X 1 . 3 F E H , S E T U P R S 2 3 2 C O IF1 ADDRI N C E X

I N C B X

I N C E X , ( A L W A Y S P R E S E N T )I N C E X

F 1 7 I N C E P , P O I N T T O N E X T E A S E A D D R

F I E HOV R S 2 3 2 - E 4 S E [ B X l , 2 F E H , S E T UP R S 2 3 2 IF 2

,----- S E T U P E Q U I P F L A G TO I N D I C A T E N UH EE R OF P R I N T E R S A ND R S 2 3 2

, C A R D SH O V A X , S I , SI HAS 2+ N U H E E R O F P R I N T E R SH O V C L , 3 , S H I F T C O U N TR O R A L , C L , R O T A T E R I G H T 3 P O S I T I O N SO R A L , E L , OR I N T H E R S 2 3 2 C OU NT

OR B Y T E P T R E Q U I P - F L A G + I , A L , STORE AS SECOND BYTE,----- S E T E Q U I P F L A G TO I N D I C A T E P RE SE N CE OF S E R I A L P R I N T E R

, A T T A C H E D TO ON B O AR D R S 2 3 2 P O R T - - - A S S U M P T I O N - - " R T S " IS T I E D T O, " C A RR I ER D E TE C T'' I N T H E C A BL E P L U G F OR T H I S S P E C I F I C P R I N T E R

HOVHOVHOVSUEOUTJ H PXCHGI NJ H PHOVXCHGOUTJ H PXCHGI N

T E S TJ ZT E S T

J N ZSUEXCHGOUTJ H PXCHGI NAN0J Z

CX, AXE X , 2 F E HD X , 2 F C HA L , A LD X , A L1+2DX, EXAL . DX1+2

A L , 02H

DX, EXD X , A L1+2DX, EXA L , D X

AL , 0000 I O O O EF 19-AA L , 0000000 IE

F 19-AA L , A LDX, EXD X , A L1+2OX, EXA L , D XA L , 0000 I O O O E

F 19-A

S A VE P R I N T E R C O U NT I N CXS E T P O I N T E R T O M O D E M S T A T U S R E GPO I N T TO MODEM CONTROL REG

C LE AR I TD E L A YP O I N T T O M O D E M S T A T U S R E GC LE AR I TD E L A YB R I N G U P R T SPO I N T TO MODEM CONTROL REG

D E L A YP O I N T T O M O D E M S T A T U S R E GGET CONTENTS

H A S C A R R I E R D E T E C T C H A N G E D ?N O, T H E N N O P R I N T E RD I D C T S C H AN G E? ( A S W I T H U R A PC O N N E C T O R I N S T A L L E D )WRAP CONNECTOR ON I F I T D I DS E T R T S O F FPO I N T TO MODEM CONTROL REGDROP RTSD E L A YMODEM STATUS REGG E T S T A T U SH A S C A R R I E R D E T E C T C H A N G E D ?N O . T H E N N O P R I N T E R

, C A R R IE R D E T E C T I S- F OL L O W IN G R T S - I N D I C A T E S E R I A L P R I N T E R A T TA CH E DO R C L . 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 E ,T E S T C L , l l O O O O O O E , C H EC K F OR N O P A R A L L E L P R I N T E R SJ N Z F 1 9 - A , D O N O TH IN G I F P A R A L L E L P R IN T E R

OR CL,OIOOOOOOE , I N D I C A T E I P R I N T E R A T T A C H E DH OV P R I N T E R _ E A S E , P F E H S T O RE O N-B OA RD R S 2 3 2 B A S E I N

, ATTACHED

CRINTER EASEFS-A OR BYTE P T R EQUIP-F~AG+I,CL , STORE AS SECOND B Y T E

XOR DX,DX , P O I N T T O F I R S T S E R I A L P O RTT E S T C L , 0 4 0 H , S E R I A L P R I N T E R A TT AC H ED ?J Z F 1 9 - C , NO, S K I P I N I TC M P R S 2 3 2 _ E A S E , O Z F E H , P R IN T E R I N F I R S T S E R I A L P OR TJ E F 1 9 - E , YES, JUMPI N C O X , N O P O I N T T O S EC ON D S E R I A L P O R T

I N 1 1 4HT E S T A H, I E H , ERROR'J N Z F 1 9 - C , YES, JUMPM O V A X , O I I B H , SEND CANCEL COMMAND TOI N 1 1 4 H , S E R I A L P R I N T E R

F l 9 - 8 MOV A X , E 7 H , I N I T S E R I A L P RI NT ER

8/12/2019 jrtech


0 9 B C

0 9 B F

099009920 9 9 40997099909980 9 A I

0 9 A 30 9 A S0 9 A 7

0 9 A D

0 9 A F

0980098209840 9 B A

EA 0201E C

24 F O

75 03E9 0043 R3c 207 4 F9

8 1 3 E 0072 R 4 3 2 174 oc3c 10

7 4 OB

C 7 06 0072 R 1 2 3 4

CD 19

F A

28 CO

B E DEC 7 06 0020 R F E A 5 RCD BO

0 9 B C0 9 B C E A 02010 9 B F E t

0 9 CO 2 4 F O0 9 C 2 7 5 030 9 C 4 E 9 O A 6 1 R0 9 C 7 3 C 100 9 C 9 75 03

0 9 C B E 9 01\61 R0 9 C E E A F O

U9DO BO FF OA

0 9 D 3 7 C 63

0 9 D 6 560 9 0 7 520 9 D B 8 4 020 9 D A E A 15210 9 D D 87 070 9 D F C D 10

0 9 E I B E 0030 R0 9 E 4 89 00050 9 E 7 2 E : E A 040 9 E A 4 6

0 9 E B E 8 I B B A R0 9 E E E 2 F7

OSOS cia

0 9 F O 86 1609F2 84 0209F4 CO 10

09F6 84 OB0 9 F B C D 10

0 9 F A F E C 20 9 F C 3 C 200 9 F E 7 5 F2

O A O O 5 AO A O I 5 E

O A 02 5 BO A 0 3 BO F E 20O A 06 7 4 2 1OAOB BO F E 40OAOB 7 4 I COAOD 2 E E A 0 401\10 E 8 I B B A RO A 1 3 BO F F 20O A l 6 7 0 03O A I B E 9 O AB B R

O A I B I EO A I C 50

01\10 B e ---- R

Q U O BE 08

O A 2 2 B E 3 E O O l B R

O A 2 6 58O A 2 7 I F

O A 2 B C 3

F 1 9 - C M OV O X , 0 2 0 1 H

I N A L,D X , GET MFG I E R V I C E M OD E I N F O

A N D A L . O F O H , IS H I G H O R D E R N I B B L E = 09

J N Z F19-1 , ( B U R N - I N MODE1F19-0 J M P S T A R T , E L S E GO T O B E G I N N I N G OF P O S TF19-1 CMP AL,OO1OOOOOB , S E R V I C E M O D E L O O P ?

J E F19-0 , B R A N C H T O S T A R TC M P R E S E T - F L A G . 4 3 2 1 H , D I A G C O NT R OL PR O GR A M R E S T A R T ?

J E F19-3 , NO, GO BOOTCMP AL,OOO1OOOOB , M F G D C P R U N R E Q U E S TJ E F19-3M O V R E S E T _ F L A C , 1 2 3 4 H , S E T U AR M S T A RT I N D I C A T O R I N C A S E

I N 1 I 9 H , GO TO THE BOOT LOADER

ASSUME D S A B S 0

S U B A X , A X

M OV D S ,A X R E S E T T I M E R I N 1

I N 1 BOH , E N T E R D C P T HR OU GH I N 1 BOH

T H I S S U B R O U T I N E IS T H E G E N E R A L E R R O R H A N D L E R F O R T H E P O S T

, O F C A R T R I D G E R E S E T

F19-3 C L I

MOV INT-PTR, OFFSET T~MER-INT

..................................................................

, E N T R Y R E Q U I R E M E N T S

SI = O F F S E T ( A D D R E S S ) O F M E SS A GE B U F F E REX= ERROR CODE FOR M A N U F A C T U R I N G OR S E R V I C E M O DER E G I S T E R S A R E N O T P R E S ER V E D

L O C A T I O N " P O S T - E R R " IS SET NON-ZERO I F A N ER RO R O CC UR S I NCUSTOMER MODES E R V I C E I M A N U F A C T U R I N G F L A G S A S F O L L D U S (H IGH N I B B L E O FP O R T 2 0 1 1

0000 = M A N U F A C TU R I N G ( B U R N - I N ) M OD E

0001 = M A N U F A C TU R I N G ( S Y S T E M T E S T ) M O D E0010 = S E R V I C E M OD E ( L O O P P O S T 10100 = S E R V I C E MODE ( S Y S T E M T E S T 1

..................................................................E-MSG PROC NEAR

M O V D X , 2 O I HI N A L,D X , G ET M OD E B I T S

AND AL , OFOH , I S O L A T E B I T S O F I N T E R E S TJ N Z E M 0JMP MFG-OUT , M A N U F A C T U R I N G M O D E ( B U R N - I N )

J N E E M 1JMP MFG-OUT , M F G M O DE ( S Y S T E M T E S T )

CMP BH, OAH , ERROR CODE ABOVE OAH (CRT STARTED

JL B E E P S , D O B E E P O U T P U T I F B E L O U I O H

P U S H E X , SAVE ERROR AND MODE F L A G S

P U S H 51P U S H D XM O V A H , 2 , SET CURSORMOV OX, I 5 2 I H , ROU 21, C O L 33MOV BH,? , PAGE 7I N 1 I O HMOV SI, FFSET ERROR-ERRM O V C X , 5 , P R I N T U O RD " E R R O R "

EM-0 M O V A L , C S [ S I 1I N C SICALL PRT-HEXLOOP EM-0

E M 0 C MP A L , 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 B ,

E M 1 MO V D H , A L , SAVE MODE

, D I S P L A Y P O S S I B L E 1 7

, L O O K F O R A B L A N K S P A CE T O P O S S I B L Y P U T C U S TO M ER L E V E L E R RO R S ( I N

. C A S E O F M U L T I E R R O R 1MOV

EM-1 MOVI N T

MOV

I N TI NCCMPJ N E

POPPOP

P O PCMPJ ECMP

J EMOV

C A L LCMPJ N LJ M P

ASSUME

EM-2 PUSHP U S HMOV

MOVMOV

POPP O P

ASSUMER E T

OH, 1 6 HAH, 2IOH

AH, 8

I O HD LAL , ' 'EM-1OX51

E XDH, O O l O O O O O BSERV-OUTDH, O l O O O O O O B

SERV-OUTA L , C S [SI1PRT-HEX

BH, 2 0 HEM-2T O T LT P0

D S X X D A T A

D SAXAX, XXDATA

DS . A X

POST-ERR, BH

AX

O SD S N O T H I N G

SET CURSOR

R O U 2 2 , C O L 3 3 ( O R A B O VE , I FM U L T I P L E E R R S 1R EA D CH AR AC TE R T H I S P O S I T I O N

P O I N T T O N E X T P O S T I O NB L A N K ?

GO C H E C K N E X T P O S I T I O N , I F NOT

R E C O V E R E R R O R P O I N T E R S

S E R V I C E M O D E 7

GET ERROR CHARACTERD I S P L A Y I TE RR OR B E L O U 2 0 7 ( H E M T R O U B L E ? l

H A L T S YS TE M I F SO

S E T E R R O R F L A G N O N - Z E R O

, R E T U R N T O C A L L E R

8/12/2019 jrtech


O A 2 9O A 2 9 0 A C 7O A 2 8 53O A2 C E 0 1019 R0 A 2 F 5L)

O A 3 0 B A C 30 1 \3 2 E B 1 0 A 9 R

O A 3 5 E 9 O A 0 B RO A 3 8 F AO A 3 9 B C C BO A 3 B B E D O

O A 3 D 82 02

0 A 3 F B C 0028 RO A 4 2 83 0 1 .0 1 4 4 E 9 F F 3 l RO A 47 E 2 F EO A 4 9 F E C AO A 4B 7 5 F5OA4 D B O FF 05

O A 5 0 75 69O A 5 2 BO F E 20O A 55 7 4 05O A 5 7 80 F E 4 0O A 5 A 75 5 FO A 5 C 83 0 1

0 A 5 E E 9 FF31 RO A 6 I

0161 F AO A 6 2 E 4 6 1

O A 6 4 2 4 F C

O A 6 6 E 6 6 10168 0 A 0011

O A 6 B B A C 7O A 6 D E EO A6 E 4 20 A 6 F 8 1 C 3O A 7 1 E E

O A 7 2 B B ---- R

O A 7 5 B E D 0

0 1 7 7 8 C C 8O A 7 9 BE D O

O A 7 0 0 C 0 0 2 E RO A 7E B A 0 2 F BO A B I E 9 F O B 5 R

O A 8 4 8 B CA

O A 8 6 B A 0 2 F CO A 8 9 2 A C O

O A B 0 E EO A 0C B A 0 2 F EO AB F E tO A 9 0 2 4 10

O A 9 2 7 4 F 0O A 9 4 4 AO A 9 5 87 D 1

O A 9 7 A 0 0005 RO A S A E EO A S B E B 00OASD 87 D I

O A S F E COA AO 2 4 2 0

O A A 2 E B 00

O AA 4 7 4 F9O A A6 8 7 D 1O A A B B A C 7O A A A E EO A A B E B 00OAAD 87 D 1O A A F E CO A 0 0 2 4 20

O AB 2 E 0 00O AB 4 7 4 F9

O A 0 6 B A C 301\88 87 D I

O A 0 A E EO A B 0O A B B F AOABC 2 A C OO AB E E 6 F2O AC O E 6 A 0

O A C2 F 4O A C 3 C 3O A C 4

SERV-OUTMOVP U S HC A L LPOPMOVC A L LJM P

B E EP S C L IMOVMOV

MOV

MOV€ 8 M OVJ M P

E B O L O O PD ECJ N ZCMP

J N ECMPJ ECMPJ N E

€ 8 1 MOV

J M PMFG-OUT

, I N I T

NO I

N O 2

N O 3

N O 4

T O T L T P O

C LI NAND

OUTMOVMOVOUTI NCMOVOUT

A L , B H0xXPC-BYTE0xA L , B LXPC-BYTET O T L T P O

AX, CSSS, AX

D L , 2

S P , O F F S E T E X - 0 ,B L , I

B E E P

E 0 0D LE0

BH, 0 5 H

T O T L T P ODH, 00 I O O O O O B ,E 0 1DH, O l O O O O O O B ,T O T L T P O

0L. I

B E E P

AL , POR T-0AL, OFCH

PORT-B,ALDX, IIH

A L , 0HD X, ALD X

P R I N T M S 0

D I S P L A Y IT

P R I N T L S B

SE T COD E SEG= STAC K SEG( S T A C K IS L O S T , B U T T H I N G S A REOVER, ANYWAY)2 B E E P S

SET DUMMY RETURNSH OR T BEEP

W A I T ( B E E P E R O F F )D O N E Y E T 7L O O P I F N O T6 4 K CARD ERROR’END IF NOT

SER VIC E M OD E’

END I F NOTON E M OR E BEEP FOR 6 4 K ER ROR I F I NS E R V I C E M O D E

SEN D D ATA TO AD D R ESSES 11, 12

SEND HIGH B Y T E

A L , 0L

D X, AL , -ON -BOAR D R S 2 3 2 POR T FOR C OM M U N I C AT ION S W /FIFG M ON ITORA S S U M E D S . X X D A T AMOVMOV

MOVMOVMOVMOVJ M P

MOV

MOVSUB

OUT

MOVI NANDJ ZDECXCHGMOVOUTJM PXCHGI NANDJM P

J ZXCHG

MOVOUTJM PXCHG

I NANDJM PJ ZMOVXCHG

OUT

C LSUBOUTOUT

H L TR E TE-MSG ENDP

AX, XXD ATAD S, AX

AX, CSSS, AXS P , O F F S E T E X ID X . O Z F B H5 8 2 5 0

CX, DX

D X, 0 2 F C HA L , A L

D X , A LD X, O2 FEHA L , D XA L , 000100000

N O 2D XDX, CXAL, MFG-TSTD X, ALL + 2DX, CXAL, OXAL , O O l O O O O O B

L+2

M 0 3DX, CXA L , BH

D X , A LL+2

DX, CXA L , D XA L , 00 1000000L+2M 0 4A L , B LDX, CXD X . A L

A L , A LO F 2 H , A LOAOH, AL

SEND LOW BYTE

P O I N T T O D A T A S E G M E N T C O N T A I N I N GC H E C K P O I N T (t

S E T S T A C K F O R R T N

L I N E C O NT R OL RE G A D DR E S SGO S E T U P F O R 9600, ODD, 2 S T O PB I T S , 0 B I T S

DX CAME BACK W I T H X M I T R E GADDRESS I N I TMODEM CONTROL RCGSET D TR AND R T S LOW SO P O S S I B L EW RAP PL U G W ON’ T C ON FU SE TH IN GS

MODEM STATUS REG

C TS U P YET ’L O O P T I L L I T ISS E T DX:2FD ( L I N E S T A T U S R E G )P O I N T TO X M I T D A T 4 R EGG E T MF G R O U T I N E ER RO R I N D I C A T O R( M AY BE W RONG FOR .EAR L Y ER R OR S)D E L A YP O I N T D X Z 2 F DT R A N S M I T E M P T Y ?

D E L A Y

LO OP T I L L I T IS

GET MSB OF ERROR WORD

D E L A Y

U A I T F O R X M I T E M PT Y

D E L A Y

GET L S 0 OF ERROR WORD

D I S A B L E I N T S

STOP DISKETTE MOTORD I S A B L E N M l

H A L T

8/12/2019 jrtech


8/12/2019 jrtech


O A F 8O A F E E CO A F 9 E B 00O A F E O A C 4O A F D E EO A F E 28 .D1

O B 0 0 5 1O B 0 1 ZB CS

OB03 E CO B 0 4 U 01

O B 0 6 74 Q2O B 0 0 E2 F3

OBOA S30- we70- m '09

0- C M D E0 8 l U 714 0 7O B 1 3 413 D l0815 E CO B 1 6 ' E E 0 2O E l E E O FFO E I A C 308 I E

08 IBOBIBOB C08 I EOB20O B 2 2

O B 2 40826OEZE

0 8 2 A0830

0834

0837O B 3 8O E 3 AOE3 CO E 3 EO B 4 I

0 8 4 30 8 4 5

O B 4 80 8 4 8OE4 D0 E 4 E0850

0852

0 8 5 40859

F B28 COCD 10

28 COE E DE

E 4 622 4 0 475 28

C 7 06 0078 R E F C 7 RE C O E 0 0 7 A R

E9 0004

SIE 4 00CD 137 2 O FE8 020128 D 2E E C 2EB 7COO R

E 9 0001

CD 135973 0 4E 2 E 5

CD 18

E A 7 C O O ---- R

I T

A T 2 I

A T 2 2

A T 2 3A T 2 4I T

PROC

I NJM POROUTSUEP U S HSUEI NT E S TJ EL O O P

POPCMPJ N EORJ EADDI N

JM PMOVR E T

N E A R

A L , D Xs + 2A L , A HD X , A LDX, CXc xcx , cxA L , D XA L . IA T 2 2A T 2 I

c xA L , EHA T 2 3E L , B LA T 2 4D X, C XA L . D XS H O R T A T 2 4 ,A L , O F F H

R E A D S T A T U S R E G I S T E Rl I 0 D E L A YS ET T ES T 8 1 1U R l T E I T T O T HE S T A TU S R E G I ST E RP O I N T T O I N T E RR U P T I D R E G I S T E R

U A I T F OR E 2 5 0 I N T E R R U P T T O OCCURR EA D I N T R I D RE GI N T E R R U P T P E N D I N G ?YES - R ETU R N U I I N T E R R U P T IO I N A LNO - T R Y A G A I N

A L = I I F N O I N T E R R U P T O CC UR RE DI N T E R R U P T UE ' R E L O O K I N G F O R 7NOD ON E U I T H T E S T FO R T H I S I N T ER R U P TR E T U R N U I C O N TE N T S OF I N T R I D R EGR E A D S T A T U S R E G I S T E R T O C L E AR T H EI N T ER R U P T ( U H E N E L = 1 )R E T U R N C O N T E N T S O F S T A T U S R E GS E T ER RO R I N D I C A T O R

, BOOT STR AP L OAD ERTRACK 0, SECTOR I I S RE AD I N T O T H EB O O T L O C A T I O N ( S E G M E N T 0, O F F S E T 7 C O O )A ND C O N T R OL I S T R A N S FE R R E D T H E R E

I F T H E D I S K E T T E I S N OT P RE S EN T O R H A S AP R OB L EM L O A D I N G ( E G N OT R E A D Y ) A N I N 1I B H I S E X EC U IT ED I F A C AR TR ID GE ;C AS VEC TOR EDI N 1 IBH T O I T S E L F , C ON TR OL U I L L B E P AS S E D T OT H E C A R T R I D G E

A S S UM E C S C O D E , D S A B S 0

S T I , E N A B L E I N T E R R U P T SS U B A X , A X , S E T 4 0 x 2 5 BLU MODE ON CRTI N T IOH

SU B AX,AX , E S T A B L I S H A D D R E S S I N GMOV D S . A X

I N A L, PO R T- C , G ET C O N F I G 8 1 1 sAND AL,OOOOO1OOE , IS D I S K E T T E P R ES E NT -J N Z H3 NO THEN ATTEMP T TO GO TO CART

MOV UORD PTR D I S K - P O I N T E R , O F F S E T D I S K - E A SEMOV UORD PTR D I K-POI NTER*2 , CS

- -_ - - L O A D S Y S TE M F RO M D I S K E T T E -- C X H AS R ETR Y C OU N TMOV C X . 4 , SET R ETR Y C OU N T

MOV AH,O , R E S E T T H E D I S K E T T E S Y S T EMI N 1 13H , D I K E T T E - I 0

J C H 2 , I F E RRO R, T R Y A G A I N

M O V A X , 2 0 1 H , R EA D I N TH E S I N G L E S EC TO RSU E D X,D X , T O T H E B O O T L O C A T I O NM OV ES,D XMOV BX, OFFS ET BOOT-LOCN

MOV CX, I , SECTOR 1, TR AC K 0I N 1 I 3 H , D I S K E T T E - I O

H 2 P O P C X , RECOVER RETRY COUNTJ N C H 3 A , C F S E T B Y U N SU C C ESSFU L R EADL O O P HI D O I T F OR R E TR Y T I M E S

________________________________________- - - - - -- - - -- - - -

BOOT-STRAP PROC NEAR

,_-_ - - E E I F D I S K E T T E P R E S E N T

,_ - _ _ _E S E T T H E D I S K P A RA M ET ER i A B L b V EC TO R

H I P U S H C Y , SAVE R ETR Y C OU N T

, D R I V E 0, HEAD 0

,_---- UNABLE TO I P L FROM THE D I ~ K E T T E

H3 I N 1 IBH , G O T O E A S I C OR C A R T R I D G E--_-_ P L U A S S U C CE S S FU L

h 3 A J MP E O O T L O C NBOOT-STRAP ENDP

, T H I S R O U T I N E P E RF OR MS A R E A D I U R I T E T E S T O N A B L O CK O F, S TO R AG E ( M AX S I Z E = 3 2 K E ) I F "UARM START" , F I L L, B LO CK U l T H 0000 AND RETURN, D A T A P A T T E R N S U S E D

___________________-_- -__- - - - - -_ - - - - - -_ - - -_ - - - -_ - - - - - - -

0->FF O N O NE B Y T E T O T E S T D A T A B U SAAAA. 5555, O O F F, F F O O F O R A L L U O RD SF I L L U l T H 0000 B EF OR E E X I T

, O N E N T R Y, ES AD D R ESS OF STOR AGE TO BE TESTED, D S = AD D R ESS OF STOR AGE TO BE TESTE D, C X = UORD COUNT OF STORAGE BLO CK TO BE TES TED

, ON E X I T, Z E R O F L A G = O F F I F STORAGE ERROR, I F Z E R O F L A G = O F F, T H E N C X X O R 'E O B I T P A T T E R N

, O F T H E E X P E C T E D D A T A P A T T E R N VS T H E A C T U A L D A T A, READ ( I E , A B I T "ON" I N A L I S TH E B I T I N E RR O R), A H Z 0 3 I F BOT H BYTES OF U OR D H AVE ER R ORS, A H = 0 2 I F LOU ( E V E N ) B Y T E H A S E RR OR

, A H = 0 1 I F H I ( O D D ) B Y T E H A S E R R O R, AX, EX, CX, DX, D I , S I A R E A L L D E S T R O Y E D

( M AX = E000H ( 3 2 K U O R D S ) )

--______-___-___________________________--_------------

8/12/2019 jrtech


O B 5 9

OB59OBSAOB5C

O B I €0860

O B 6 4O B 6 8OB6A0 8 6 CO B6 EO B 7 0

O B 7 2O B 7 6O B 7 80879O B7 0O B7 F088 1

O B 8 3

F C28 FF28 CO

B E 0888 I E 0472 R

8 1 F B 12348 C czBE D A75 OBF31 ABB E 08

89 1 E 0 4 7 2 RBE D Ac38 1 F B 432174 EF88 05BA 0532 C 4

OB85 74 03O B 8 7 E 9 O CO C R0 8 8 A F E C 4O B 8C B A C 4OBBE 75 E F

0890 8B E 9OB 92 BB AAAAO B 9 5 88 08O B 9 7 B A 5555

OBSA F 3 I AB

O B 9 C 4 F0890 4FO B9 E F DOBSF BB F7O B A 1 BB CDO BA30 8 A 3 A DO BA4 33 C 3O BA6 7 1 64'OBAB BB C 20 8 A A A BO EA B E 2 F6OBAD 88 CDO BAF F COBBO 46O BBl 46

OBBZ 88 FEO B 8 4 88 D A0866 BA OOFF0889 ADOBBA 33 C 3OBBC 75 4 EOBBE BB c2OBCO ABO B C l E 2 F6OBC3 BB CDO BC 5 F DO BC 6 4 EO BC 7 4 EOBC8 88 F EOBCA 88 D AOBCC F7 02OBCE OA 020800 74 E 7

O B 0 2 F CO B 0 3 83 C 6 04O B 0 6 F7 02OB08 88 FEOBDA 88 CDOBDCOBDC ADOBDD 33 C 2OBDF 75 28

O B E l A B

O BE 2 E 2 F 8OBE4 FOO B E S 4 EO BE6 4 E

O BE7 BA 0201OBEA EC

OBEB 24 FOOBEO 3C FOOBEF 74 10O B F l 8 C C 9O B F 3 8 C 03

O BF 5 38 CBO B F 7 74 08O B F 9 BO 18

PODSTG PROC

P 12

P I :

P 2 :

P Y :

P 3 :

P X ;

P 4 :

ASSUMECLDSUBSUB

MOVMOVCMPMOVMOVJ N ER EPMOV

MOVMOVR ETCMPJ EnovMOVXORJ ZJMPI NCMOVJ N Z

MOVMOVMOVMOV

REP

DECDECSTDMOVMOV

LODSUXORJ N ZMOVSTOSULOOPMOVCLD1NCI NC

MOVMOVMOVLODSUXORJ N ZMOVSTOSULOOPMOVSTDDECDECMOVMOVNOTORJ Z

CLDADDNOTMOVMOV

LODSUXORJ N ZSTOSU

LOOPSTDDECDEC

NEAROS: ABS0

D I , D I ; SET DI=OOOO REL . TO START OF SEGAX. AX ; I N I T I A L D AT A P A TT E R N F OR 0 0 - F F

; SET D IR EC T IO N T O IN C R EMEN T

; T ESTDS AX . SET DS TO ABS0BX: DATA-UORD LRE SiT-F LAG -DA TA1 , UARM START?B X , l 2 3 4 H

; T ESTDS AX . SET DS TO ABS0BX: DATA-UORD LRE SiT-F LAG -DA TA1 , UARM START?B X , l 2 3 4 HOX, ESOS, OX ; RESTORE D SP ISTOSU ; S I M P L E FILL U I T H 0 ON UARM-STARTOS, AX

DATA-UORDCRESET-FLAG-DATA1,BXOS, OX ; RESTORE D S

BX, 4 3 2 HP I2

I D I 1 , A LAL, I D 1 1AL, AHP YP BAHAL, AHP2

BP, cxAX, OAAAAHBX, AXO X , 0 5 5 5 5 H

STOSU

D ID I

S I , D Icx, B P

AX, BXP 8AX, OX

P 3cx, B P

SISI

01.51BX, OXOX, OOFFH

AX. BXP BAX, O X

P Xcx, B P

SISIDI,SIEX. OXOXD L , D LPX .

51.4

cx, B P

OXD I , S I

AX, OXP 8

P 4

SI

; A N D E X I T; D IAG . R EST AR T ?; 00 FILL U I T H Z ER OS; U R I T E T E S T D A T A; G ET I T B A CK; COMPARE TO EXPECTED

; E R R O R E X I T I F HISCOMPARE; FORM NEU DATA PATTERN

; LOOP T I L L A L L 256 D AT A PAT T ER N S; DONE; SAVE UORD COUNT; LOAD DATA PATTERN

; LOAD OTHER DAT A PAT TER N

; F I L L UORDS F RO M L O U TO H IG H; U I T H A AA A; P O I N T TO L A S T UORD U R I T T E N

; S E T D I R E C T I O N F L A G TO GO DOUN; SET IND EX REGS. EQUAL; RECOVER UORD COUNT; GO F RO M H I G H T O L O U; GET UORD FROM MEMORY; EQUAL UHAT S I B THERE?; GO E R R O R E X I T I F NOT; GET 55 D AT A PAT T ER N; S TO RE I T I N L O CA T I O N J U S T R EA D; L OO P T I L L A L L B Y T E S DON E; RECOVER UORD COUNT; BACK TO INCREMENT; AD J U ST PT R S

; S I 8 D AT A PAT T ER N T O BX

; DATA FOR CHECKERBOARD PATTERN; GET UORD FROM MEMORY; EQ U AL U H AT 578 THERE?; GO ERROR E X I T I F N OT; GET OTHER PATTERN; STORE I T I N L O C A TI O N J US T REA D; L OO P T I L L A L L B Y T E S D ON E; RECOVER UORD COUNT; DECREMENT; ADJUST PTRS

; S I B DATA PATTER N TO BX; MAKE PA TTERN FFOO; F I R S T P A S S ?

; INCREMENT

; L O U T O H I G H; GET A UORD; SHOULD COMPARE TO OX; GO ERROR I F NOT; U R I T E 0000 BAC K T O L O C AT IO N; JUST READ; L OO P T I L L D ON E; BACK TO DECREMENT; ADJUST POINTER DOUN TO LAST UORD

SI ; U R I T T E NCHECK I F I N S E R V l C E l M F G M OD ES , I F SO, PERFORM REFRESH CHECK

MOV DX,POIHI N AL,DX ; GET O P T I O N B I T S

AND AL,OFOHCMP AL,OFOH ; AL L B I T S H IGH =N O RMAL MOD EJ E P 6MOV CX,CSMOV 8X,SSCMP CX,BX ; SEE I F IN PRE-STACK MODEJ E P 6 ; BYPASS R ET EN T IO N T EST I F SOMOV AL,24 ; SET OUTER LOOP COUNT

; U A I T A B O U T 6-8 SECONDS UITHOUT ACCESSING MEMORY; I F REFRESH IS NOT UORKING PROPERLY, T H IS SHOULD; BE ENOUGH T IM E FOR SOME DATA TO GO SOUR.

8/12/2019 jrtech


O BF B E 2 F EO BF D F E C BO B F F 7 5 F A

O C O l EB CDO C 0 3 A DOCO4 OB COO C 0 6 75 04OCOB E2 F9O CO A E B 13OCOC EB C BOCOE 32 E 4O C l O O A EO

oc12 7 4 02O C 1 4 F E C 4O C 1 6 OA C 9O C I B 7 4 03O C I A EO C 4 02O C l D OA E 4

O C l F F Coc20 c3oc2 I

ocz I

o c 2 1 I Eoc22 55

O C 2 3 50OCZO 53O C 2 5 5 1O C 2 6 52O C 2 7 ED O C4A RO C 2 A E A EO00

O C2 D E 3 I F

O C 2 F CD 82O C 3 1 93 00

O C 3 3 82 00O C 3 5 86 94OC 37 BO OCDD RO C 3 A CD E 2O C3 C F E C 3O C 3 E EO F A 20

O C 4 l 7 C F2O C 4 3 S AO C 4 4 59O C 4 5 58O C 4 6 58O C4 7 5 0

O C 4 B I FO C 4 9 C 3O C4AO C4A 03O C 4 B 20 DC= O C 4 0OC4D 28 F BO C 4 F 28 F BO C 5 1 02 07 01 09 0 3 04

09 0 4 01 F BOCSB 02 07 01 OA 02 05

07 05 01 F BO C 6 5 02 07 0 1 OB 0 1 06

05 06 01 F BO C 6 F 04 0 3 05 0 3 03 03

0 3 05 03 05 03 F BO C 7 B 04 0 3 05 03 03 03

0 3 06 01 06 03 F BO CE 7 0 4 03 05 OB 04 OD

0 3 F BO C B F 04 0 3 05 07 05 OD

03 F BO C 9 7 04 03 05 08 04 OD

03 F BO C S F 04 03 05 03 03 0 3

0 3 OD 0 3 F BO CA 9 0 4 0 3 05 0 3 0 3 03

03 0 3 0 1 05 01 0303 F B

O C B 7 02 07 0 1 OB 01 05

02 0 3 02 05 0 1 F BO C C 3 02 07 01 OA 02 05

0 3 0 1 03 05 0 1 F BO C C F 02 07 01 09 0 3 05

07 05 01 F BO C D 9 28 FBOCDE 28 F COCDD 02O CDE DE

OCDF 02 77 02 7 7 02 7702 77 02 F C

= OCDF

P S L OO P P SD E C A LJ N Z P S

P 6 M OV C X , E P , RECOVER UORD COUNTP 7 L O D S U , GET UORD

OR AX,AX , = TO 0000

J N Z P E , ERROR I F NOTL OO P P 7 , L O OP T I L L D ON EJ M P SHORT P I 1 , T HE N E X I T

X O R A H,A HOR cn.cn , H I G H B Y TE E RRO R'

J Z P 9

P B M OV CX .A X , S AV E B I T S I N ERROR

I N C A H , SET nicn B Y T F ERRORP 9 O R C L , CL , L O U B Y T E E R R O R 7

J Z P I 0A DD A H.2

P I 0 OR A H, AH , S E T Z ER O F L A G Z O (E R R OR I N D I C A T I O NP I 1 C L D , S E T D I R F L A G B A C K T O I N C R EM E N T

P O D S T G E N D P, N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N ~ N N N N N N N N N N ~ N ~ ~ N N N N ~ N N N N N N N N N N N ~ N N N ~ *

, PUT-LOGO PROCEDURE

, O U T P U T R O U T I N E SO THA T THE IB M LO GO , A M E S S A GE ,

, A X ,B X , A ND OX A RE DE S TRO Y E D A L L O THE RS A RE S A V E D

R E T , R E T U R N T O C A L L E R

, THIS PROC SETS UP POINTERS AND CA LLS THE SCREEN

, AND A COLOR BAR ARE PUT UP ON T H E SCREEN

N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N ~ ~ N N N N ~ N N * N N * N ~ N N N * N N N ~ N N U N * N N N * N N N N * N * N

P U T L O G 0 P ROCP u s nP u s n

P u s nP u s nP u s nP u s nMOVnovMOV

I N TMOVMOV

A G A I N M O VMOVI N TI NCCUP

JL

P O PP O PP O PP O PP O PP O PR E T

P U T L O G 0 E N DPLOGO OB

DELOGO-E =

D EOB

DE

DB

DE

D E

DE

DE

DE

D E

DE

D E

D E

DB

D E

DED E

C O L O R D BDE

D ECOLORJ =

ASSUME

NEARD SB P

AXE XcxD XB P , O F F S E T L O G O ,

O X. eooon P O I N T DH D L A T R O U . C O L U I l N 0 . 0

EL; 0001 I I I IB

E ~ H

OH, 9411

ezn

EL, OOOOOOOOBD L , 0

B P . O FF S E T CO LO R

8LD L , 32

A T T R I B U T E O F C HA R A CT E R S T O b EUR I T T E NC A L L O U T P U T R O U T I N E

I N I T I A L I Z E A TT R IB UT EI N I T I A L I Z E C OLUM NS ET L I N EO U T P U T G I V E N C O LO R B A R

I N C R E M E N T A T T R I B U T E

P AS T 4 0 7

C A L L O U T P U T R O U T I N E

I S HE COLUMN COUNTER PONTNG

A G A I N , I F NOT, D O I T A GA INDXCXE XAXE P , R E S T O R E B PD S , R E S T O R E D S

LOGOJ - LOGO

S

40, -5

4 0 , -52.7. 1 , 9 , 3 , 4 , 9 , 4 , 1,-5

' ' ,220

2 , 7 , 1 . 1 0 , 2 , 5 , 7 , 5 . l , - 5

2 , 7 , 1 , 1 1 , 1 , 6 , 5 , 6 . 1 , - 5

4 , 3 , 5 , 3 , 3 , 3 , 3 , 5 , 3 . 5 , 3 , - 5

4 , 3 , 5 . 3 , 3 , 3 , 3 , 6 , 1.6.3,-5

4 , 3 , 5 , 8 , 4 . 13.3,-5

4,3,5,7.5, 13,3,-5

4 , 3 . 5 , 8 , 4 . 13,3,-5

4 , 3 , 5 , 3 , 3 , 3 , 3 , 13,3,-5

4 , 3 . 5 , 3 , 3 , 3 , 3 . 3 , 1 , 5 , 1 . 3 , 3 , - 5

2 , 7 , 1 , 1 1 , 1 , 5 , 2 , 3 , 2 , 5 , 1 , - 5

2 , 7 , 1 . 1 0 . 2 , 5 , 3 . I , 3 , 5 , I , - 5

2 . 7 , 1 , 9 , 3 . 5 . 7 , 5 , 1 , - 5

40, -5

4 0 , - 4COLOR-E - COLOR2 19S

2, 121-2.2, 121-2.2, 121-2.2, 121-2.2, - 4

D S , D A T A

I

8/12/2019 jrtech


T H E S E R O U T I N E S P R O V I D E T H E C RT I N T E R F A C ET H E F O L L O U I N G F U N C T I O N S A R E P R O V I D E D :( A H ) = O S E T M O DE ( A L ) C O N T A I N S M OD E V A L U E

( A L) = O 4 0 x 2 5 BY ( PO U E R O N D E F A U L T )( A L ) = l 40x25 COLOR( A L ) = 2 80x21 BU( A L ) = 3 B O X 2 5 C OL ORG R A P H I C S M O D E S( A L ) = 4 320x200 4 COLOR( A L )= 5 3 2 0 x 2 0 0 BU 4 S H A D E S( A L )= 6 6 4 0 x 2 0 0 BU 2 SHADES( A L ) = 7 N OT V A L I D

( A L ) = B 1 6 0 X 2 0 0 16 COLOR( A L ) = 9 320x200 16 COLOR( A L ) = A 640x200 4 COLOR

**** EXTENDED MODES **I

a** NOTE BU MODES OPERATE SAME AS COLOR MODES, BUTCOLOR BURST IS NOT ENABLED

B U F FE R I S N OT C L E A RE D .**a N O T E I F H I G H O RDER B I T I N AL I S S ET , T HE R EG EN

t A H ) = l SET CURSOR TYPE( C H ) = B I T S 4-0 = S T A R T L I N E F O R CU RS O R** H AR DU AR E U I L L A L U A Y S CA U SE B L I N Ka* S E TT IN G B I T 5 OR 6 U I L L C A US E E R R AT I C

** I N G R A PH I CS MO DES, B I T 5 IS FORCED ON TO

( C L ) = B I T S 4-0 = E N D L I N E F O R C UR SO R

(OH, D L ) = ROY, COLUMN ( 0 . 0 ) IS U P P E R L E F T

(BH) = PAGE NUMBER (MUS T BE 0 F O R G R A P H I C S M O D E S )

(OH) = PAGE NUMBER (MUST BE 0 F O R G R A P H I C S M O D E S )O N E X I T ( D H , O L ) = ROU,COLUMN OF CURRENT CURSOR

B L I N K I N G O R NO CU RS OR A T A L L

D I S A B L E T H E C UR SO R

( A H ) = 2 S E T C UR SO R P O S I T I O N

( A H ) = 3 R EA O C UR SO R P O S I T I O N

( C H , C L ) = CURSOR MODE CURRENTLY SET( A H ) = 4 REAO L I G H T P E N P O S I T I O N

ON E X I T( A H ) = 0 -- L I G H T P E N S U I T C M N O T O O U N l NO T T R I G G E R ED(AH) = 1 -- V A L I D L I G H T P E N V AL UE I N R E G IS T E RS

( 0 H . D L ) R OU ,C OL UM N O F C H A RA C TE R L P P O S Nt C M ) = R A S T E R L I N E (0-199)I B X ) = P I X E L C O L U M N (0-319.639)

( A M ) = 5 S E L E C T A C T I V E D I S P L A Y P AG E ( V A L I D O NL Y FO RALPHA MOOES)

M O D E S 2 L 3 )( A L ) = N E U P A G E V A L U E ( 0 - 7 FOR MODES O B I , 0-3 FOR

I F B I T 7 ( E O M ) OF A L = l

( A L ) = EOH R E AD C R T I C P U P AG E R E G I S T E R S( A L ) = BlH S E T C P U PA G E R E G I S T E R

( A L ) = B 2 H S E T C R T P A G E R E G I S T E R

( A L ) = 83M S E T B O T H C R T A ND C P U P A G E R E G I S T E R S

R E A D I U R I T E C R T I C P U P A GE R E G I S T E R S

( E L ) = VALUE TO SET

( E M ) = VALUE TO SET

( E L ) = V A L UE T O S E T I N C P U P A G E R E G I S T E R( E M ) = V A L UE T O S E T I N C R T PA G E R E G I S T E R

I F B I T 7 (80Ml OF A L = lALUAYS RETURNS ( B H ) CONTENTS OF CRT PAGE REG

( E L ) = CONTENTS OF CPU PAGE REG( A H ) = 6 S C R O LL A C T I V E P A G E U P

( A L ) = N UM BE R O F L I N E S , I N P U T L I N E S B LA N K E D A TBOTTOM OF U INDOU, AL = 0 MEANS BLANKE N T I R E U I N D O U

( C H , C L ) = ROU,COLUMN OF UPPER LE FT CORNER OF

( D H , D L ) = ROU,COLUMN OF LOUER RIG MT CORNER OF

(BH) A T T R I B U T E T O B E U SE D ON B L A NK L I N E

( A L ) = N UM BE R O F L I N E S , I N P U T L I N E S B LA N K E D A T T OP

( C H , C L ) = ROU,COLUMN OF UPPER LE FT CORNER OF

( D H . D L ) = ROU.COLUMN OF LOUER R IGHT CORNER OF

S C R O L L

S C R O L L

(AH)=7 S C R O L L A C T I V E P A G E D O U N

O F U I N D O U , A L = O M E AN S B L A N K E N T I R E U I N D O U

S C R O L L

SCROLL(BH) = A T T R I B U T E T O B E U SE D O N B L A N K L I N E

C MA RA CT ER M A N D L I N G R O U T I N E S( A H ) = E R E A D A T T R I B U T E I C M A R A C T E R A T C UR R E NT C UR SO R P O S I T I O N

( E M ) = D I S P L A Y P AG E ( V A L I D F O R A LP H A M OD ES O N L Y )ON E X I T( A L ) = CHAR READ( A H ) = ATTRIBUTE OF CHARACTER READ (ALPHA MODES

ONLY )

( A H ) 9 U R I T E A T T R I B U T E I C H A R A C T E R A T C U R RE N T C UR SO RPOS I T I ON

( E M 1 = D I S P L A Y P A G E ( V A L I D F O R 'A L P H A M OD ES O N L Y )( C X I 5 COUNT OF CHARACTERS TO UR IT E( A L ) = C H A R T O U R I T E( E L ) = A T T R I B U T E O F- C HA R A C TE R ( A L P H A I I C O L O R O F

C H A RA C TE R ( G R A P H I C S ) S E E N O TE O N U R I T E

( A M ) = 10 (O AH I U RI TE CHARACTER ONLY AT CURRENT CURSORDOT FOR BIT 7 OF eL = I

POS I I ON( E M ) = D I S P L A Y P A G E ( V A L I D F O R A L P H A M O D E S O N L Y )( C X ) = COUNT OF CHARACTERS TO URITE( A L ) = C H A R T O U R I T E( E L ) 5 COLOR OF CHAR (GRAPHICS)

S E E NO T E O N U R I T E D O T FO R 8 1 1 7 OF BL 1

8/12/2019 jrtech


F OR R E A D I U R I T E C H AR A CT E R I N T E R F A C E U H l L E I N G R A P H I C S MO DE,THE CHARACTERS ARE FORMED FROM A CHARACTERG EN E RA TO R I M A G E M A I N T A I N E D I N T H E S Y S T EM RO MI N T E R R U P T 4 4 H ( L O C A T I O N 00110Hl IS USED TOP O I N T T O TH E I K B Y T E T A B L E C O N T A I N I N G T HEF I R S T 1 2 8 CH AR S ( 0 - 1 2 7 )I N T E R R U P T I F H ( L O C A T I O N O O O7 C Hl IS USED TOP O I N T T O T H E I K B Y T E T A B L E C O N T A I N I N G T H E SE CO ND1 2 8 C HA RS 1 1 2 8 - 2 5 5 1

R E P L I C A T I O N F AC TO R C ON T AIN ED I N I C X I ON EN T RY U I L LPRODUCE VAL I D RESULTS ONLY FOR CHARACTERS

CONT AI NED ON THE SAME ROU CO NTI N UA TI ON TOS U C C E E D IN G L I N E S U l L L N O T P RO DU CE C O RR E CT LY

F O R U R I T E C H AR A CT E R I N T E R F A C E I N G R A P H I C S MO DE, T H E

G R A P H I C S I N T E R F A C E( A H 1 = I 1 ( O B H ) S E T C O L O R P A L E T T E

I B H I = P A L E T T E C O L O R 1 D B E I N G SE T 1 0 - 1 2 7 1( E L I = C O LO R V A L U E T O B E U S E D U I T H T H A T C O LO R ID

COLOR ID = 0 SELECTS THE BACKGROUNDCOLOR (0-151

COLOR IO = I S E L E C T S T H E P A L E T T E TO B EUSED2 COLOR MOO€

0 = U H I T E F O R C O L O R I

I = BLACK FOR COLOR I

0 = GREEN, RED, BROUN FOR4 COLOR MODES

C O L O R S 1 . 2 . 3I = CYAN, MAGENTA, UHITE FOR

C O L O R S 1 . 2 . 3

16 COLOR MODESA L U A Y S S E T S U P P A L E T T E A SBLUE FOR COLOR I

GREEN FOR COLOR 2CYAN FOR COLOR 3REO FOR COLOR 4MAGENTA FOR COLOR 5

BROUN FOR COLOR 6

DARK GRAY FOR COLOR E

L I G H T B L U E F O R C O L O R 9L I GHT GREEN FOR COLOR 10

L I G H T C Y A N FO R C O LO R I 1

L I G H T R ED FO R C O LO R 1 2L I GHT MAGENTA FOR COLOR 13

YELLOU FOR COLOR 14U H I T E F O R C O L O R 15

L I G H T GRAY FOR COLOR 7

IN 4 0 x 2 5 OR ~ 0 x 2 5 LPHA MODES, THE VALUE SET

F O R P A L E T T E C O L O R 0 I N D I C A T E S T H E B O RD ERC OL OR TO B E U S ED I N G R A P H I C M OD ES , I TI N D I C A T E S T H E B OR D ER C O L OR A N D T H EBACKGROUND COLOR

I A H I I 2 ( O C H I U R I T E D OTI D X I = ROU NUMBERI C X I 2 COLUMN NUMBER( A L I = COLOR VALUE

I F B I T 7 O F A L I I , THEN THE COLOR VALUE ISE X C L U S I V E O R 'D U I T H TH E C UR R E N T C O N T EN T S O FTHE DOT

( A H 1 0 13 ( O D H I READ DOTl D X 1 = ROU NUMBER( C X I = COLUMN NUMBER( A L I R ET U R N S T HE D OT R E AD

, A S C I I T E L E T Y P E R O U T I N E FO R OU T PU T, ( A H 1 = 1 4 ( O E H I U R I T E T E L E T Y P E TO A C T I V E P AG E

( A L I 5 C H A R T O U R I T E

( B L ) = FOREGROUND COLOR I N GRA PH I CS MODEN O T E -- S C R E E N U I O T H IS CONTROLLED BY P R E V I O U S

MODE SET, I A H I = 15 I O F H I C U R R E N T V I D E O S T A T E

R E T U R N S T H E C U R R E N T V I D E O S T A T EI A L I = MODE CURR ENTLY SET (SE E AH=O FOR

I A H I = NUMBER OF CHARACTER COLUMNS ON SCREEN( B H I = C U R R E N T A C T I V E D I S P L A Y P A G E

, ( A H 1 = 16 (IOHI S E T P A L E T T E R E G I S T ER SI A L I 2 0 S E T P A L E T T E R E G I S T E R

E X P L A N A T I O N )

( E L I = P A L E T T E R E G I S T E R T O S E T IOOH - O F H I( B H I = VALUE TO SET

I A L I = I SET BORDER COLOR REGI STERI B H I = VALUE TO SET

C A L I = 2 S E T A L L P A L E T T E R E G I S T E R S A N D BO R DE R

E S OX P O I N T S TO A 1 7 B Y TE L I S TB Y T E S 0 THRU I5 A RE V A L U E S F O R P A L E T T E

R E G I S T E R S 0 THRU 15B Y T E 16 IS THE VALUE FOR THE BORDER

R E G l S TE R

R E G l S T E R

, NOTE, I N M O D E S U S I N G A 3 2 K R E G E N I9 AND A ) , ACCESS THROUGH THE CPU, REGI STER BY USE OF BBOOH SEGMENT VALUE ONLY REACHES THE, F I R S T . 1 6 K B I O S USES THE CONTENTS OF THE CPU PAGE REG, ( B I T S 3 .4 , L 5 O F P AG OA T i N B I O S D A T A A R E A 1 T O D E R I V E T H E, PROPER SEGMENT VALUE

, C S , S S , D S , E S , B X , C X , D X P R E S ER V E D D U R I N G C A L L, ALL OTHERS DESTROYED

8/12/2019 jrtech


8/12/2019 jrtech


F O R R E A D I U R I T E C H AR A CT ER I N T E R F A C E U H I L E I N G R A P H I C S M OD E,THE CHARA CTERS ARE FORMED FROM A CHARACTE RG EN ER A TO R I M A G E M A I N T A I N E D I N TH E S Y S T E M ROMI N TE R R U PT 4 4 H I L O C A T I O N 0011OH) IS USED TOP O I N T T O TH E I K B Y T E T A B LE C O N T A I N I N G TH EF I R S T 1 2 8 C HA RS 1 0 - 1 2 7 )I N TE R R U PT I F H I L O C A TI O N 0 0 0 7 C H l IS USED TOP O I N T TO T H E 1 K B Y T E T A B L E C O N T A I N I N G T H E SE CO N D128 C H A R S 1 1 2 8 - 2 5 5 1

R E P L I C A T I O N FA CT OR C O N TA IN E D I N I C X ) ON E NT RY U l L LPRODUCE VAL I D RESULTS ONLY FOR CHARACTERS

CONTA I NED ON THE SAME ROU CO NT I NU ATI O N TOS U C C E E D IN G L I N E S U l L L N O T P R OD UC E C O RR E CT L Y

F OR U R l T E C H AR A CT ER I N T E R F A C E I N G R A P H I C S M OD E, T H E

G R A P H I C S I N T E R F A C E( A H ) I 1 IOBHI S E T C O L O R P A L E T T E

I B H ) = P A L E T T E C O L O R 7 D B E I N G S E T 10-1271

I B L ) = COLOR VALUE TO BE USED U I T H T H A T C O LO R IDCOLOR ID 0 SELECTS THE EACKGROUND

COLOR I O - I S 1

COLOR ID I S E L E C T S T H E P A L E T T E T O B EUSED2 COLOR MODE

0 U H I T E F O R C O L O R II = BLACK FOR COLOR I

0 3 GREEN, RED, BROUN FOR4 COLOR MODES

C O L O R S 1 , 2 , 3

C O L O R S 1 . 2 . 31 = CYAN, MAGENTA, u n i T E FOR

16 COLOR MODESA L U A Y S S E T S U P P A L E T T E A SBLUE FOR COLOR I

GREEN FOR COLOR 2CYAN FOR COLOR 3RED FOR COLOR 4MAGENTA FOR COLOR S

BROUN FOR COLOR 6L I GHT GRAY FOR COLOR 7DARK GRAY FOR COLOR E

L I G H T B L U E F O R C O L O R 9

L I G H T G R E E N F O R C O L O R 10L I G H T C Y A N F OR C O LO R I 1

L I G H T R E D F O R C O L O R 12L I G H T M A G E N T A F O R C O L O R I 3YELLOU FOR COLOR I4

U H I T E F O R C O L O R ISI N 4 0 x 2 5 OR B O X 2 5 A L P H A MO DE S, T H E V AL U E S E T

FOR PALETTE COLOR 0 I N D I C A T E S T H E B OR DE RC O LO R T O B E U S ED I N G R A P H I C M OD ES , I TI N D I C AT ES THE BORDER COLOR AND THEBACKGROUND COLOR

( A H ) 1 2 I O C H ) U R I T E DO TI D X I = ROU NUMBER

I A L I C OLO R V A LU EI C X I = COLUMN NUMBER

I F B I T 7 O F A L = 1, THEN THE COLOR VALUE IS

THE DOTEXCLUSIVE O R ’ O UITH THE CURRENT CONTENTS OF

( A H 1 13 IODHI READ DOT( D X I R O U N U MB ERI C X I E COLUMN NUMBERI A L I R E T UR N S T HE D O T R E AD

, A S C I I T E L E T Y P E R O U T I N E FO R O U TP U T

I A L I = C H A R T O U R I T E

NOTE - - S C R E E N U I D T H IS CONTROLLED BY P R E V I O U S

, ( A H ) = 14 IOEHI URITE TE L E TY P E T O ACTIVE PAGE

I B L I = FOREGROUND COLOR I N GRAP HI C S MODE

MODE SET, I A H I 2 I5 I O F H ) C U R R E N T V I D E O S T A T E

RE TURNS THE CURRE NT v i m 0 S T A T EI A L ) = M O DE C U R R E NT L Y S E T ( S E E A H - 0 F OR

( A H 1 = NUMBER OF CHARACTER COLUMNS ON SCREENI E H I C U RR E NT A C T I V E D I S P L A Y P A G E

, I A H I I 6 I I O H I S E T P A L E T T E R E G I S T E R SI A L I = 0 S ET P A L E T T E R E G I S T E R

E X P L A N A T I O N 1

I B L I P A L E T T E R E G I S T ER TO S E T I O O H - O F H II B H I = VALUE TO SET

C A L I I SET BORDER COLOR REGI STER( B H I = V A L U E T O S E T

I A L I = 2 S E T A L L P A L E T T E R E G I S T E R S AN D B OR D ER

ES D X PO I N T S TO A 1 7 B Y T E L I S TB Y T E S 0 THRU I5 A RE V A L U E S F O R P A L E T T E

R E G I S T E R S 0 THRU I5B Y T E 16 IS THE VALUE FOR THE BORDER

R E G I S T E R

REG I S T E R

, NOTE, I N M OD ES U S I N G A 3 2 K R E GE N I 9 AND A I , ACCESS THROUGH THE CPU, R E G I S T E R B Y USE OF BBOOH SEGMENT VALUE ONLY REACHES THE, F I R S T 1 6 K BIOS USES THE CONTENTS OF THE CPU PAGE REG, ( B I T S 3 . 4 , L 5 O F P AG DA T I N BIOS D A T A A R E A 1 T O D E R I V E T H E, PROPER SEGMENT VALUE

, CS, SS, D S , E S , B X , C X , D X P R E S E R V ED D U R I N G C A L L, ALL OTHERS DESTROYED

8/12/2019 jrtech


.----------------_------------------------------------; V I DE O G A T E ARRAY RE G I S T E RS

; PORT 3DA OUTPUTREG 0 MODE CONTROL 1 RE G I S T E ROIH +HI B A N D U I D T H I - L O U B A N D U I D T HO2H + G RA P HI CS / - A LP HA0 4 H + B WOBH + V I DE O E NA B LEI O H +16 COLOR GRAPHICS

REG I P A LE T T E M AS K RE I S T E ROIH PALETTE MASK 002H P A L E T T E MASK 1

0 4 H P A L E T T E MASK 2o w PALETTE MASK 3

'OCEOCES + O M R(ICE6 E4SE R

O CE D E 48 8 ROCEF E52 D RO C F l F751 RO C F l E 4 B 3 RO CF S € I D 3 RO C F 7 E S 3 F ROCFS FOE4 RO CF B P I 1 3 ROCFD F I X ROCFF E143 R

O D 0 3 F146 RO D 0 5 1 9 9 2 RO D 0 7 E S B l RO D 0 9 € 6 8 5 R= 0022

ODOBOOOB F B

ODOC FCODOD 06O DO E I EODOF 52

O D l O 5 1O D 1 1 53O D 1 2 56O D 1 3 57O D14 50O D15 B A C4O D17 32 E 4O D1 9 D I EOO D l B BB F OO D lO 3 D 0 0 2 2O D 20 7 2 04

O D O ~ FIW R

O D22 58

O D 2 3 E 9 O F 7 0 RO D 2 6 € 8 1388 R

O D 2 9OD2COD3 1

O D33O D37OD3AOD3COD3EOD3FO D43OD4B

88 BBOOBO 3 E 0049 R 097 2 098 A 2 6 OOBA RBO E 4 3 8DO EC8E coSB8 A 2 6 0049 R2 E : F F A 4 O C ES R

REG 2 BORDER COLOR REGISTER

02H GREEN0 4 H R E D

OIH B L U E

o w INTENSTY

REG0IH02H0 4 HOBH

3 MODE CONTROL 2 R E G I S T E RRESERVED -- MUST BE ZERO+ E N A B L E B L I N KRESERVED -- MUST BE ZERO+2 COLOR GRAPHICS (640x200 2 COLOR ONLY)

REG 4 RE S E T RE G I S T E ROIH +ASYNCHRONOUS RESET02H +SYNCHRONOUS RESET

REGS 10 TO I F P A LE T T E RE G I S T E RSOlH B LUE02H GREEN0 4 H R E DOBH I NT E NS I T Y

; VID EO GATE ARRAY STAT US; PORT 3DA INPUT

OlH + DI S P LA Y E NA B LE02H + L I G HT P E N T RI G G ER S E T0 4 H - L I G H T P E N S U I T C H M AD EOBH + V E RT I CA L RE T RA CE1QH + V I DE O DO T SASSUME CS: CODE, DS . DATA, ES: IDEO-RAM

MOO10 LABEL UORD . T A BL E O F R O U T I NE S U I T H I N V I D E O 110D Y OFFSET ;ET-MODEDU OFFSET SET-CTVPEDU OFFS ET SET-CPOS

DU OFFSET READ-CURSORDU O F F S E T READ-LPENDU OFFSET ACT-DISP-PAGEDU O F F S E T SCROLL-UPDU O F F S E T SCROLL-DOUNDU OFFS ET READ-AC-CURRENTDU O F F S E T URITE-AC-CURRENTDU OFFSET URITE-C-CURRENTDU OFFSET SET-COLORDU OFFSET URITE-DOTDU OFF SET READ-DOTD U O FF SE T U R I T E T T VOU O F F S E T VIDEO-STATEDU OFFSET SET-PALLETTE

MOOlOL EQU 1-MOO10

V I DE O - I OS T I

CLD

PROC NEAR

ESosDXcxB XSID IAXA L , A HAH, AHAX, I

S I , A XAX. MOOIOL

; INTERRUPTS BACK ON

; S E T D I RE CT I O N F ORUARD

; SAVE SEGMENT REGISTERS

; SAVE AX VALUE; G ET I NT O LO U B Y T E; ZERO T O H I G H B Y T E; *2 FOR TABLE LOOKUP; P U T I N T O SI FOR BRANCH; T E ST F OR U I T H I N R AN GE

PUSHPUSHPUSHPUSHPUSHPUSHPUSHPUSHMOVXORS A LMOVCMPJ B C 1 ' , BRANCH AROUND BRANCHPOP AX , THROU AUAY THE PARAMETERJMP VIDEO-RETURN , DO NOTHING I F N OT I N R AN GE

MOV AX, OBBOOH , SEGMENT FOR COLOR CARDCMP CRT MOD E.9 , I N MODE US I NG 32 K RE G ENJ CMOVANDSHR

C 2 MOVPOPMOVJMP

C I C AL L DDS

V I DEO-I 0

, NO, JUMP- .

c2AH, PAGDAT , GET COPY OF PAGE REGSAH, CPUREG , ISOLATE CPU REGAH, I , SH IF T TO MAKF IN TO SEGMENT VALUEES, AX , SET UP TO PO IN T AT V ID EO RAM AREAAX , RECOVER VALUEAH, CRT-MODE GET CURRENT MODE IN T O AHUORD PTR CS CSI+bFFSET MOO101ENDP

8/12/2019 jrtech


O D 4 800480 0 4 A

OD 4 CO D 4 E

O D 5 0O D 5 2

O D 5 4O D 5 6ODSEODSAODSC

ODSEO D 5 E

OED00800

100010004 0 0 04 0 0 0

40000000

4 0 0 0EOOOEOOO

28 28 50 50 28 2850 00 14 28 50

O D 6 9

O D 6 9 O C OF 00 02= 0004

O D 6 0 08 O F 00 02

O D 7 1 O D O F 00 02

O D 7 5 09 O F OD 02

O D 7 9 0 1 03 00 00

OD 7 D OE 0 3 00 00

O D E 1 OE 01 00 08

ODES 00 OD 00 00

ODES I A O F 00 00

OD E0 18 O F 00 00

O D 9 1 OB 03 00 00

O D 9 5O D 9 5 00 O F 00 OD= 0 0 0 4

O D 9 9 O F D O 00 00

ODSDOD 9 0 D O 02 04 06

ODA I

ODA I

O D A 5O D A SO D A 6O D A 8ODAA

ODACODAEOOBOO D 0 2

O D E 4O D E 6O D E EODEAODECO D E €OD C 4OD C 6ODCEODCBODCDO D D 0

ODD4ODD6OD D 9

ODDAODDCODDDO D E 0O D E 2

OD 03 05 O F

50

24 7 F3 C 0774 0 4

3 C 087 2 02EO 003c 0 27 4 083 C 037 4 0 4

3c 097 2 OA

8 1 3 E O D 1 5 R O D E 073 02EO 00E A 0 3 0 4E A EO

A 2 0049 R89 16 0063 RB E F EB A 0 3 D AE C

3 2 COE EA 0 0065 R24 F7E E

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ., SET-MODE

T H I S R O U T I N E I N I T I A L I Z E S T HE A TT AC HM EN T TOTHE SELECTED MODE T H E SCREEN IS BLANKED

, I N P U T( A L ) = M OD E SEL EC TED ( R AN GE 0-E)

NONE, O U T P U T

...........................................M O O 5 0 L A B E L U O R D , T A B L E O F R E G E N L E N G T H S

D U 2 0 4 8 , MODE o 4 0 x 2 5 euD U 2048 , MODE I 4 0 x 2 5 C O L O R

DU 4 0 9 6 , MODE 2 80x25 B UD U 4 0 9 6 , MODE 3 E O X 2 5 C O L O R

DU 1 6 3 8 4 , MODE 4 320x200 4 COLORD U 16384 , MODE 5 720x200 4 COLOR

D U 1 6 3 8 4 , MODE 6 6 4 0 x 2 0 0 B UD U 0 , MODE 7 I N V A L I DD U 1 6 3 8 4 , MODE E 1 6 0 X 2 0 0 16 COLOR

DU 32768 , MODE 9 3 2 0 X 2 0 0 16 COLORDU 32768 , M OD E A 6 4 0 X 2 0 0 4 C O L ORCOLUMNS

D E

------A0060 L A B E L B Y T E

4 0 , 4 0 , EO, EO, 40.40, EO, 0 , 2 0 , 4 0 , E O

------- T A B L E O F G A T E A RR A Y P A R A M A T E R S FO R M OD E S E T T I N G

------ S E T U P F OR 4 0 x 2 5 EU MODE 0

A0070 L A B E L B Y T E

D E O C H , O F H , O , 2 , GATE AR R AY PAR M SM 0 0 7 0 L E Q U 1 - M O O 7 0------ S E T U P F O R 4 0 x 2 5 C O L OR M OD E I

------ S E T U P F O R 80x25 8U ;ODE 2DE OEH, OFW, 0,2 GATE AR R AY PAR M S

DE ODH OFH 0 2 GATE AR R AY PAR M S

DE 09H O F H 0 2 GAT E AR RAY PAR M S------ SE T UP FOR j20X;Ob 4 COLOR MODE 4

D E O A H , 0 3 H , 0 , 0 , GATE AR R AY PAR M SS E T U P F O R 320x200 EU MODE 5

D E O E H . 0 3 H . O . O , GAT E ARR AY PAR M S------ SET U P F O R 640x200 B U M O D E 6

DE O E H , O I H , O , E , G A T E A R R A Y P A R M S------ S E T U P F O R I N V A L I D M ODE 7

DE OOH, OOH, 0 , O G A T E A R R A Y P A R M S

------ S E T U P F O R 160x200 16 C b L D R M OD E 8D E IAH ,OFH ,O,O , GATE AR R AY PAR M S

------ S E T U P F O R 320x200 16 COLOR MODE 9D E IEH, OFH, 0 , O GAT E AR RAY PAR M S

------ S E T U P F OR 640x200 4 CbLOR MODE A

DE OBH, 03H. 0.0 G A T E A R R A Y P A R M S

------ S E T UP FOR 60x2; ~ O L O R AODE 3

------

-------------- TABLES OF P A L E T T ~ COLORS FOR 2 AND 4 COLOR MODES----- 2 COLOR. SET 0

A0072 L A B E L B Y T E

M 0 0 7 2 L E Q U S - MO O 7 2 , E N T R Y L E N G T HDE O,OFH,O,O

----- 2 C OL OR , SET I

----- 4 C OL OR , SE T 0

DE OFH,O,O,O

M O O ~ ~ ABEL e v i E

DE 0 , 2 , 4 , 64 COLOR. SE T I----

M O O 7 5 L A B E L

SET-MODED E

P U S HANDC U PJ E

C U PJ C

c3 novc 4 C U P

J EC U PJ EC U PJ C

c 5 C U PJ N CMOV

C 6 M OVMOVMDVnovaovnovI NXOROUTMOVANDOUT

B Y T E0 , 3 , 5 , O F HPROC NEARA XA L . 7 F HAL, 7c3

A L , OEHc 4A L . 0A L , 2csA L , 3csAL, 09H

C 6TRUE-HEM, 1 2 8C 6A L , 0O X , 0 3 D 4 HAH . ALCRT-MODE, A LA D D R 6 E 4 5 . D XD 1 , A Z .O X , VGA-CTLAL, OXA L , A LD X, ALAL, CRT-MODE-SETA L , O F 7 HD X , A L

, S A V E I N P U T M OD E O N S T A C K, R EM O V E C L E A R R E G E N S U I T C H, C H E C K F O R V A L I D M O D ES,MODE 7 IS I N V A L I D

, G R E A T E R T H A N A IS I N V A L I D,D EF AU L T TO M ODE 0

, C HE C K F O R M O D ES N E E D I N G 1 2 E K

, D O UE H A V E 1 2 8 K 7, Y E S , J U M P,NO, DEF AU LT TO MODE 0, ADDRESS OF COLOR CARD. S A V E MODE I N A H, S AV E I N G LO B AL V A R I A B L E, S A V E A D D R E S S O F E A S E, S A V E WO DE I N D I, P O I N T T O C O N T R O L R E G I S T E R

, SYNC CONTROL REG TO ADDRESS, S E T V G A R E G 0

, G E T L A S T M O D E S E T, T U R N O F F V I D E O, S E T I N G A T E A RR AY

, S EL E CT I T

8/12/2019 jrtech


O D E 3 88 C 7O DE S E 4 10O D E 7 BE O D 9 5 RODE A 3 C 06O DE C 7 4 O FODEE BE O D A l RO D F l 3 C OSO D F 3 74 08O D F S 3 C 04O D F 7 74 0 4O D F 9 3 C O AO D F E 75 11

ODFD E9 0004

O EO O E A C 4O E O 2 E EO E 0 3 2 E B A 07O E 0 6 E EO E 07 F E C 4O E 0 9 43O EO A E 2 F4OE OC E E 08

O EO E E 9 0010

O E l l E A C 4O E 1 3 E EO E 1 4 E EO E l S F E C 4O E 1 7 E 2 F8

O E 1 9 BE C 7O E l E 32 DE

O E l D 3 C 04O E l F 72 08O E 2 l E3 40O E 2 3 3 C 09O E 2 S 72 02O E 2 7 E3 COO E 2 9 E A 0 3 D FOE 2 C A 0 OOEA RO E2 F 2 4 3FO E 3 1 OA C 3O E 3 3 E EO E 3 4 A 2 OO EA R

O E 3 7 EE C 7O E 3 9 32 E 4O E 3B E 9 0004

O E 3 E F7 E lO E 4 0 EE DE

O E 4 2 E 1 C 3 O D 6 9 RO E 4 6 2 E E A 27O E 4 9 2 E B A 47 02O E 4 0 EE FOO E 4 F F AO E 5 0 E 8 E 6 7 5 ROE S 3 B O 10O E 55 E 6 A 0O ES 7 E A 0 3 0 AO E 5 A EO 04OE S C E EOE5D EO 0 2O E S F E E

O E 6 0 EE C 6O E 6 2 EO E 4 F 7O E 6 5 32 COO E 6 7 E EO E 6 E 86 EOO E 6 A E EO E 6 E EO 0 4O E 6 D E EO E 6 E 32 COO E 7 0 E E

O E 7 1 E O EOO E 7 3 E 6 A 0O E 7 5 E E E 6 7 5 RO E 7 E F EO E 79 E E 0 7O E 7 B E A C 4O E 7 D E EO E 7 E 2 E E A 07O E E I E EO E E 2 4 3

O E E3 F E C 4O EE 5 E 2 F 4

O E E 7 E A 0 3 D FOE E A A 0 OOE A ROEED 2 4 COOEEF E 3 3 6

O E 9 1 A 8 EOO E 9 3 75 OCO E 9 5 E 3 3 F

O E 9 7 E 1 3 E 0015 R 0080

OESD 73 02O E 9 F E3 18

, ---- S E T D E F A U L T P A L E T T E S

MOV A X ,DI , GET MODE

MOV AH. lOH , S E T P A L E T T E RE G 0MOV E X ,O FFS E T MOO7 2 , P O I N T T O T A B L E E N T R YC U P A L , 6 , 2 COLOR MODE”J E C 7 , YES, JUMPMOV E X ,OFFS E T MOO7 5 , P O I N T T O T A B L E E N T R YC U P A L . 5 , CHECK FOR 4 COLOR MODEJ E C 7 , YES, JUMPC U P A L . 4 , CHECK FOR 4 COLOR MODEJ E C 7 , YES JUMPCMP A L ,OA H , CHECK FOR 4 COLOR MODEJ N E C 9 , NO, JUMP

c7 wov cx.4 , NUMEER OF REGS TO SET

CE MOV A L ,A H , GET REG NUMEEROUT DX ,A L , S EL EC T I TMOV AL,CS CBX1 , G E T D A T AO U T D X , A L , S E T I TI N C A H , NEXT REGI N C E X , N E X T T A B L E V A L U EL O O P C EJ M P S HO RT C 1 1

,---r- S E T P A L E T T E S F O R D E F A U L T 16 COLORC 9 MOV CX , 16 , NUMEE R OF P A L E TTE S , A H IS REG

C 1 0 M OV A L , AH , GET REG NUMEER, COUNTER

OUT DX ,A L , S EL EC T I TO U T D X , A L , S E T P A L E T T E V A L U EI N C A H , N E X T R E GL O O P C I O

ill MOV A X .0 1 , GET CURRENT MODE----- S E T U P MO I I I N P AG RE G

X O R E L , E L , S E T UP FOR A L P HA MODE

C U P A L . 4 , I N A L P H A M OD EJ C C 1 2 , Y E S . JUMPnov E L , ~ O H , S E T U P F O R 1 6 K R E G E NCUP A L , ~ ~ H , MODE US E 1 6 KJ C C 1 2 , YES, JUMPMOV EL,OCOH , S E T U P F O R 3 2 K R E G E N

C 1 2 MOV DX ,P A GRE G , SET PORT ADDRESS OF PAGREGMOV AL, PAGDAT , G E T L A S T D A T A O U T P U TAND A L . 3 F H , C L E A R 110 & 111 B I T S

OR A L , E L , S E T N EU B I T Sour OX,AL , S T U F F B A C K I N PORTMOV P A GDA T, A L , S A V E CO PY I N R AM

MOV A X ,DI , GET CURRENT MODEXOR AH.AH , I N T O A X R E Gnov cx, M 0 0 7 0 L , S E T T A B L E E N T R Y L E N G T HMUL cx , T I M E S M OD E F OR O F F S E T I N T O T A B L EMOV E X ,A X , T AB LE O FF SE T I N 8 X

A DD E X ,OFFS E T MOO7 0 , A DD TA B L E S TA RT TO OFFS E TMOV AH,CS LEX3 , S A V E MODE S E T A ND P A L E TTEMOV AL,C S CEX + 2 1 , T I L L UE C A N P U T T H EM I N R AM

C L , D I S A B L E I N T E R R U P T SC A L L M O D E - A L I V E , K E E P M E M O R Y D A T A V A L I DMOV AL, i o n , D I S A B L E N M I A N D H O LD R E QU E S TOUT NMI -P ORT,A L ,MOV DX,VGA-CTL ,MOV A L .4 , P O I N T T O R E S E T R E GOUT DX ,A L , SEND TO GATE ARRAYMOV A L .2 , SET SYNCHRONOUS RESETOUT DX ,A L , D O I T

, U H I L E T H E G A T E A R R A Y IS I N R E S E T S T A T E , U E C AN NO T A C C ES S R AMMOV AX,SI , RE S TORE NE U MODE S E TAND A H , O F ~ H , T U R N O F F V I D E O E N A B L EX OR A L ,A L , S E T UP TO S E L E CT V GA RE G 0

OUT DX ,A L , S EL EC T I T

OUT DX ,A L , SET MODEMOV AL.4 , SET UP TO SELECT VGA REG 4O U T D X . A L , S EL EC T I TX OR A L ,A LO U T D X , A L , REMOVE RESET FROM VGA

MOV AL,EOH , E N A B L E N H I A G A I NOUT NMI -P ORT,A L ,C A L L M O D E - A L I V E , K E E P M E M O R Y D A T A V A L I DS T I , E N A B L E I N T E R R U P T SJ M P S H O RT C 1 4

C 1 3 MOV A L , A H , GET VGA REG NUMEEROUT DX ,A L , S E L E C T R E GMOV A L ,CS CB X l , G E T T A B L E V A L U EO U T D X , A L , P U T I N VG A R EG

I N C A H , NE X T RE GL O O P C 1 3 , DO E N T I R E E N T R Y

MOV OX, PAG REG , S E T 10 ADDRESS OF PAGREGMOV AL, PAGDAT , G E T L A S T D A T A O U T P U TAND AL,OCOH , C L E A R R E G B I T SM O V E L . 3 6 H , S E T U P F OR G R A P H I C S M O DE U I T H 3 2 K

, ---- E N A B L E V I D E O A N D C OR RE CT P O R T S E T T I N G

nov S I , A X

XCHG AH,AL , AH IS GA REG COUNTER

, NOU OKAY TO ACCESS RAM AGAIN

C 1 4 I N C E X , N EX T I N T A BL E

, --- SET UP CRT AND CPU PAGE REGS ACCORDING TO MODE & M EM OR Y S I Z E

, REGENT E S T A L , E O H , IN THS MODE^J N Z C 1 5 , YES, JUMPM O V E L , 3 F H , S E T UP FOR 1 6 K RE GE N A ND 12EK

, MEMORYCUP TRUE-HEM, 128 , DO UE HAVE 12EK9

J N C C 1 5 , YES, JUMPMOV BL, I E H , S E T UP FOR 1 6 K RE GE N A ND 6 4 K

, MEMORY

8/12/2019 jrtech


OEA 1

O E A 3O E A 4O E A 7O E A 9OEADO E 0 OO E 0 2O E 0 4OE07.OES9

O E 0 0

OE0 DO E 0 EOECO

O A C 3E EA 2 O O 0 A R00 C 600 26 0065 RA 2 0066 RE 4 6 124 F0F G c 4 0279 02OC 04E 6 6 1

I E33 COOE D O

O E C2 C 5 1 E 0 0 7 4 R

O E C 6 00 C 7O E C 0 89 0010 90OECC 00 F C 02O EC F 7 2 10

O E D 1 03 D 9O E D 3 00 F C 0 4O E D 6 72 09

O E D 0 03 D 9

OEDA 00 F C 09OEDD 72 02O E D F 03 09

O E E 1 50

O E E 2 O A 4 7 02O E E 5 90 7F OAO E E 0 I €

O E E9 E 0 1300 R

O E E C A 2 0009 RO E E F 09 3 E 0060 RO E F 3 50O E F 4 A 0 0086 RO E F 7 2 4 O FO E F S A 2 0086 RO E F C 50

OEFD I FO E F E 32 E 4

O F 0 0 0 A O 3 D 4

O F 0 3 OA C 4O F 0 5 E EO F 06 4 2O F 0 7 F E C 4O F 0 9 0 1 07O F 0 0 E EO FO C 4 3O F 0 0 4 A

OFOE E 2 F 3O F 1 0 50

O F 1 1 I F

O F 12OF 14O F 10O F I D

O F 1 EO F 2 I

O F 2 3O F 2 6O F 2 9O F 2 0OF2 D

O F 2 FO F 3 2O F 3 4O F 3 6O F 3 9O F 3 0OF3 D

O F S FO F 4 2O F 4 4

O F 4 501- '40

3 3 FF09 3 E 0 0 4 E RC 6 06 0062 R5 A

80 E 2 0075 1c0 A 0000

09 20003c 09

72 05D l E l

0 A 1000BE c23 C 0 400 O F 2 07 2 0233 coF 3 I A 0

0 A O 3 D A32 COE E

A 0 0065 REE

00

O F 4 9 32 FFO F 4 0 O A I E 0 0 4 9 RO F 4F 2 E E A 87 OD 5 E RO F 5 4 32 E 4O F 5 6 A 3 0 0 4 A R

C 15: OROUTnovnovMOV

novI NAND

T E S TJ N ZOR

A L , 0LD X , A LP A G D AT , A LAX, SICRT-MODE-SET, AHC R T- PAL L ETTE, ALAL. PORT-EA L , O F 0 HAH, 2C 16

AL, 4

S E T UP 6 0 4 5

C 1 6 O U T P O R T - 0 ,A L- - -- -- -

P U S H D SXORnovASSUMEL D SASSUMEnovnovCMPJ CADDCMPJ CADD

AX, AXDS, A XD S A B S 0EX, PARM-PTR ,D S CODEA X , D ICX, MOO40AH, 2C 1 7

AH, 4C 17

0x. c x

BX, cx

C M P A H . 9J C C 1 7A D D 0 X . C X

C O M B I N E M OD E B I T S A ND R E G V A L U E SS E T P O R TS A V E C OP Y I N RA MP U T M O D E S E T I, P A LE T T E I N R AM

GET C U R R EN T VAL U E OF 0255 PORT E

S E T U P G R A P H I C S M OD EJ U S T S E T A L P H A MO DE I N V G A7YES, JU M PS E T U P A L P H A M OD ES T UF F B AC K I N 0255

S A V E D A T A S E G M E N T V A L U ES E T U P F O R A B S 0 S E G ME N TE S T A B L I S H V EC TO R T A B L E A D D R E S S I N G

G E T P O I N T E R T O V I D E O P A R M S

G E T C U R R E NT M ODE I N A XL E N G T H O F E A C H R OU O F T A B L E

D E T E R M I N E W H I C H T O USEMODE IS 0 OR 1

M OV E TO N E X T ROW OF I N I T T A B L E

MODE IS 2 OR 3MOVE TO GRAPHICS ROW OFI N I T - T A B L E

MODE IS 4, 5, 6, 0, OR 9M OVE TO N EXT GR APH IC S R OW OFI N I T T AB LE~

.----- 0 X P O I N T S T O C O R R EC T R OW bF I N I ~ I A L I Z A T I O N A B L EC l 7 : P US H

MOVnovP U S HC A L LASSUMEnovMOV

P U S HnovANDnovP O PASSUMEP O PXOR

MOV

AX ; S A V E M ODE I N A HA L , D S : C B X + 2 1 ; G E T H O R Z. S Y N C P O S I T I O ND I ,UORD PTR DS: C B X + I O I ; GET C UR SOR T YPED SDDSD S . D A T AHORZ-POS, A L ,CURSOR-MODE, D I ,A XAL, VAR-DELAY ,AL , OFHVAR JEL AV, ALAXD S C OD ED SAH , AH

D X . 0 3 D 4 H

S A V E HO R Z. S Y NC P O S I T I O N V A R I A B L ESAVE CURSOR MODE

S E T D E F A U L T O F F S E T

AH WILL S E R V E A S R E G I S T E R N U M 0 E RD U R I N G L O O P

P O I N T TO 6 0 4 5; L O O P T H RO U G H T A e L E , O U T P U T T I N G R E G A D DR E S S, T H E N V A L U E F RO M T A B L EC 1 0 : M O V A L . A H : G E T 6 0 4 5 R E G I S T E R N UM 0E R

OUT D X ; A L

I N C D X , P O I N T T O D A T A P O RTI N C A H , N E X T R E G I S T E R V A L U EM OV AL .C BX3 , G E T T A B L E V A L U EO U T D X , A L , O U T T O C H I PI N C 0 X , N EX T I N T A BL EOEC D X , B A C K T O P O I N T E R R E G I S T E RL O O P c10 , D O TH E W H OL E TABL EPOP AX , GET MODE BACKPOP D S , R EC OVER SEGM EN T VAL U EASSUME D S D A T AF I L L R E G EN A R EA W I T H B L A N KXORnovnovPOP

ANDJ N ZnovnovCMPJ CS H L

novnovCMPnovJ CXORR E P

D 1 , D ICRT-START, D I ,AC TI VE-PAGE, 0 ,D X

DL, OOHc2 1

D 1 , D ICRT-START, D I ,AC TI VE-PAGE, 0 ,D X

DL, OOHc2 1DX, O00OOHCX, 0192A L , 0 9 Hc 19cx, 1D X , l 0 O O HES. DXAL . 4AX, ' '+15*256 ,c20AX, AXSTOSW

,----- E N A B L E V I D E O

C 2 1 MOV D X,VGA-C TL ,X O R A L , A LO U T D X , A L

MOV AL, CRT-MODE-SET ,O U T D X . A L

S E T U P P O I N T E R F O R RE G E NS T A R T A D DR ES S S A V E D I N G LO B A LS E T P A G E V A L U EG ET O R I G I N A L I N P U T BA C K

NO CLEAR OF REGEN 7

S K I P C L E A R I N G RE G ENS E T U P S E G M EN T F O R 1 6 K R E G E N A R E ANUM0ER OF WORDS TO CLEARR E Q U I R E 3 2 K B Y T E R EG EN ?

NO, JUMPSE T 1 6 K W ORD S TO C L EARSET U P SEGM EN T FOR 3 2 K R EGEN AR EASET R EGEN SEGM EN TT E S T F O R G R A P H I C SF IL L C H A R F O R A L P H A

N O- GR APH IC S- IN ITF I L L FOR GR APH IC S M OD EF I L L T H E R E G E N B U F F E R W I T H B L A N K S

SET POR T AD D R ESS OF VGA

SEL EC T VGA R EG 0

GET M OD E SET VAL U ESET MODE,----- D E T E R M I N E N UM BE R O F C O LU M NS , B O T H F O R E N T I R E D I S P L A Y,-_--- A ND T H E N U M 0E R T O B E U SE D F O R T T Y I N T E R F A C E

XOR 0H,0HMOV B L, CRT-MODEMOV AL, CS C0X + O F F S E T M O O 6 0 1XOR AH,AH

MOV CRT-COLS,AX , N UM 0E R O F C O LU MN S I N T H I S S C R EE N

8/12/2019 jrtech


O F 5 9

O F S BO F 6 0O F 6 4O F 6 7O F 6 AO F 6 6O F 6 CO F 6 E

O F 7 0O F 7 0O F 7 I

O F 7 2O F 7 3O F 7 4OF75O F 7 6O F 7 7O F 7 8

D l E 3

Z E : 88 B F O D 4 8 R89 O E 0 0 4 C R69 0006

B F 0050 R

I E07

F 3 I A B33 co,

5F5 E5659S AI F07C F

O F 7 8

O F 7 6 F A

O F 7 9 56O F 7 A 57O F 7 6 50O F 7 C 53O F 7 0 5 1O F 7E 5 2O F 7 F I EOFBO 06

O F B l B E 0008O F 6 4 32 OB

O F 8 6 32 E 4O F B B 89 0005

O F B B E4 62O F 8 0 AB 4 0O F B F 74 02O F 9 1 F E C 4O F 9 3 E2 F6O F S 5 BO F C 0 3O F S B 73 0 3

O F 9 A E B 50 90

OF90 B 9 0032O FA O E 4 62O F A 2 A B 40O F 1 4 74 05O F 1 6 E2 F8O F A B EB 4F SO

O F A B BO 4 0O FA O E 6 43O F A F 90OFBO 90O F B l E 4 4 1O F B 3 B A E OO F 6 5 E 4 4 1O F 8 7 86 E OO F 8 9 88 F B

O F B B 69 0004OFBE E4 62O FC O A B 4 0O F C 2 75 35

O FC 4 E 2 F B

O F C 6 B A 0220

O F C 9 €8 IO31 ROFCC BA OZOEO F C F 50OFDO E8 1031 RO F 0 3 E A C BO F 0 5 58

O F 0 6 3 A C BOFOB 74 2 A

,----- S E T C UR SO R P O S I T I O N S

snL ex, I , UORD O F F S E T I N T O C L E AR L E N G T H

WOV CX,C S CBX + O F F S k T M OOS0 1 L E N G T H T O C L E A RM O V C R T L E N , C X , S A V E C E N G i H O F C R TNOV CX, B , C L E A R A L L C U R S O R P O S I T I O N SMOV D1 , O FFS ET CURSOR-POSNP u s n os , E S T A B L I S H S EG ME NTPOP ES , A D D R E S S I N GXOR AX,AXR E P S T O S U F I L L U l T H ZEROES

T A B L E

_ - _ _ _O RM AL R E T U R N FR OM A L L V l i E O R E TU R NSb I O E O v R E T U R N

POP Dl

POP SIPOP BX

c 2 2 P O P cxPOP OXPOP osPOP ES , RECOVER SEGMENTSI R E T , A L L D O N E

SET-MODE ENDP. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

, K B D N M I - K E YB O AR D N M I I N T E R R U P T R O U T I N E

, T H I S R O U T I N E O B T A I N S C ON TR OL U PO N A N N M I I N T E R R U P T , U H l C H, OCCURS UPON A KEYSTROKE FROM THE KEYBOARD

, T H I S RO U TIN E U I L L D E - S E R I A L IZ E TH E B I T S TR EA M I N ORDER TO, G E T T H E K E YB O AR D S C A N C OD E E N T E R E D I T T H E N I S S U E S I N T 4 1, P A S S I N G T H E S C A N C O DE I N A L T O T H E K E Y PR O C E SS O R U P O N R E T U R N

, I T R E -E N A BL E S NMl A ND R E T U R N S T O S Y S T EM ( ] R E T )

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .ASSUME CS CODE, DS DATA

D I S A B L E I N T E R R U P T S

SAVE REGS L D I S A B L E N M I

KBDNM I PROC FAR

C L I

----------------------

P u s n S IP u s n 01

P u s n expusn cxP u s n o xP u s n D SP u s n ES

P U S H A X , SAVE REGS

l N l T C OU NT ER S----------MOV S 1 . B , SET U P t O F D A TA B I T SXOR B L B L l N l T P A R I T V COUNTER

XOR AH AH___-___--__A M P L E ’ S T I M E S T O V i L I D A T E S T AR T B I T

MOV1 1 I N

T E S TJ ZI NC

CUPJ N BJMP

12: LOOP

cx: 5AL, PORT-C

1 2AH1 1AH, 3

I 2 518

AL OH

. -------- -- A L I D S T A R T B I T , LOO;

13: I N A L,P O RT -CT E S T A L , WJZ I 5LOOP I 3J M P I B

125: nov cx,so

C A L LMOVP U S HC A L LnovPOPCUPJ E

SET COUNTERG E T S A M P L ET E S T I F IJM P I F 0

KEEP COUNT OF 1 ’ sK E E P S A M P L I N GV A L I D S TA RT B I T ?

JUMP I F OKI N V A L I D ( S Y N C E R RO R ) N O A U D I OOUTPUTF OR T R A I L I N G E D G ES E T U P U A T C H D O G T I M E O U TGET SAMPLET ES T I F 0J M P I F T R A I L I N G E D GE FO UN DK E E P L O O K IN G F O R T R A I L I N G E DG ESYNC ERROR (ST UC K ON 1 ’ s )

----------- E AD C LO C K TO S E T S T A R T O F B I T TIME15 nov A L , ~ O H , READ CLOCK

O U T T l M - C T L , A L ,NOP # *

NOP , *

MOV AH,AL , *

XCHG AH. AL , *

I N A L , T l M ER + I , I

I N A L , T l M ER + I ,

M OV D 1 ,A X S A V E C L OC K T I M E I N Dl

nov cx ,4 , SET COUNTER

T E S T A L , 4 0 H , T E ST I F 0J N Z I B , J M P I F I N V A L I D T R A N S I T IO N ( S Y N C )LOOP 16 , K E E P L O O K I N G FOR V A L I D T R A N S I T I O N

M OV O X 5 4 4 310 USEC AUAV ( 838 U S I T )

----------- E R I F Y V A L I D T R A N S I T i O N

16 I N A L,P OR T -C , G E T S A M P L E

----------- E T U P D I S T A N C E TO M I D D L E O F 1 S T D A T A B I T

-------S T A R T L O O K i N G F O R TIME T b R E AD D A T A B I T S A N 0 A S S E M B LE B Y T Ei 7 I30

O X, 5 2 6AXI30C L , A LAXC L , A L1 9

, S E T N E U D I S T A N C E T O N E X T H A L F B I T; S A V E IS1 H A L F B I T

; P UT 2N D H A LF B I T I N C L; RESTORE IS1 H AL F B I T; A R E T H E Y O P P O S I T E S ?; NO, PHA SE ERROR

R O M B I O S A-35

8/12/2019 jrtech


O F D A D O E FOFDC OA F EO F D E 4EO FD F 7 5 E 8

O F E l E B IO31 RO F E 4 50O F E 5 E 8 IO31 RO F E E E A C EO FE A 5 8O F E E 3 A C EO FE D 7 4 15

O F E F EO E 3 0 1

O F F2 7 4 10

O F F 4 F BO F F 5 E A C 7O F F 7 CD 4 8

O F F 9 07O F F A I FO F F B 5 AO FF C 5 9O F F 0 5 EO FF E E 4 A 01000 5 81001 5 F1 0 0 2 5 E1003 C F

1004 E E 1386 R1007 E3 F E 08I O O A 74 ED

IO OC F 6 0 6 O O l E R 0 1

1011 75 181013 BE 00801 0 1 6 E 9 0 0 4 81019 € 8 E 0 3 5 Rl O l C EO 2 6 0017 R F O

1 0 2 1 EO 2 6 O O l E R OF

1 0 2 610281 0 2 F103103 I

103 I

I0331035I0361037103910381 0 3 0103F104I104310451 0 4 71 0 4 91 0 4 8

1 0 4 0

EO 2 6 0088 R I FF E 06 0 0 1 2 RE E C E

EO 40E 6 4390

90E 4 4 1BA EOE 4 4 1E 6 E OEB C F2 8 CB36 CA7 2 E A2 8 CABE F E0 3 F9

E9 0005

1050 32 E 41052 E 4 6 21054 AE 4 01056 7 4 0 21 0 5 8 F E C 41 0 5 A E 2 F 61 0 5 C EO F C 0 3105F 7 2 OS

1061 BO BO1063 F E C 31065 C 3

1066 32 CO1068 C 31069

V A L I D D AT A B I T , P L AC E I N S CA N B Y T E----------SHR BH. I , S H I F T P R E V IO U S B I T SO R E H , A L , OR I N NEW D A TA B I TDEC SI , D E C R EM E N T D A T A B I T C O UN TE RJ N Z 1 7 C O N T I N U E F OR M ORE D A T A B I T S

C A L L 1 3 0

PUSH AX , S 4V E I S 1 H AL F B I TC A L L 130MOV CL,AL , P UT 2 ND H A L F B I T I N CLPOP AX , R ES TO RE I S 1 H A L F B I TCMP CL , AL , & R E T H E Y O P P O S I T E S 7

J E 1 9 N O, P H A S E E R RO R

AND EL , 1 , CHECK I F O D D P A R I T VJ Z 19 J M P I F P A R I T Y E RR OR

S T 1 , E N A B L E I N T E R R U P T SMOV AL , EH , P L A C E S C AN C OD E I N A LI N 1 4EH CHARACTER PROCESSI NG

WAT FOR TIME TO S A M ~ L EPARITY BT___-_-____

-__----____ALID PARITY BIT, C H ~ K ARITY

----------- VALID CHARACTER, SEN;) TO CHARACTER PROCESSING

----------- RESTORE REGS AND RE-;NABEL NM

18 P O P E S , RESTORE REGSPOP D SPOP OXPOP cxP O P E XI N A L, OA OH , E N A B L E N M IPOP AXPO P D IP O P SII R E T ; RETURN TO SYSTEM

D D S S E T U P A D D R E S S I N G

.----------- P A R I T Y , S V N C H OR P H A S E E R R O R. O U T P UT M I S S E D K EY B E E P

1 9 : C A L LCMPJ E

T E S T

J N ZnovMOVC A L LAND

AND

AND110: I N C

JMPKEDNMI ENDP130 PROC131: MOV

OUTNOPNOPI NMOVI NXCHGMOVS U ECMPJ CS U BMOV

S I , E

I E

KB-FLAG-I, OIH

I10EX, OEOHC X , 0 4 E HKB-NO1 SEKB-FLAG, OFOH

KB-FLAG-I , OFH

KB-FLAG-2, I F HKBDJRRSHORT 18

NEARA L , 4 0 HT I M - C T L , A L

A L , T I M E R + IAH. ALA L , T I M E R + IAH. ALC X , D ICX, AXCX, OX1 3 1CX, OXD I . A X

A RE U E ON T HE F I R S T D A T A B I T ?N O A U D I O F E E D B A C K ( M I G H T B E A. . G L I T C H )CHECK I F T R A N S M I S S I O N E R R O R S. . A R E T O B E R E P O R T E Dl = D O NOT BEEP, OZBEEPD U R A T I O N O F E R RO R B E E PFREPUENCY OF ERROR BEEPA U D I O F E E D B A C KC L E A R A L T , C L R L , L E F T A ND R I G H TS H I F T SC L E A R P O T E N T I A L B R E A K O F I N S , C A P S

C L E A R F U N C T I O N S T A T E SKEEP TRACK OF KEYBOARD ERRORSR E T U R N F R OM I N T E R R U P T

NUM AND SCROLL S H i P T

READ CLOCK*****

*G E T L A S T C LO C K T I M ES U B C U R R E N T T I M EIS I T T I M E TO S A MP LE 7NO, K E E P L O O K I N G A T T I M EU P D A T E 8 OF COUNTS OFFS A V E C U RR E NT T I M E A S L A S T T I M E

AD D D I C X A DD D I F F E R E N C E F O R N E X T T I M E

MOV CX. 5 , SET COUNTER----------- STA R T ;AMPLING D A T A BIT ( 5 SAMPLES)

............................................................, S A M P L E L I N E

, PORT-C IS SAMPLED CX T I MES AND I F THER ARE 3 OR MORE 1"s, THEN EOH IS R E TU R NE D I N A L, E L S E OOH IS R ET UR NE D I N A L, P A R I T Y C O U N T E R IS M A IN T AI NE D I N E S

XOR1 3 2 : I N

T E S TJ ZI NC

CMPJ EMOVI NCR E T

1 3 4 : X O RR E T

I30 ENDP

133 LOOP

AH, AHAL, PORT-CA L , 4 0 H133A HI 3 2AH, 3I 3 4AL, OBOHB L

A L . A L

CLEAR COUNTERG E T S A M P L ET E S T I F 1

JM P I F 0KEE P COUNT OF 1 ' sK E E P S A M P L I N GV A L I D I 1

J MP I F N OT V A L I D 1

RETURN EOH I N A L ( 1 1

I N C R E M E N T P A R I T Y C O U N T E RR E T U R N T O C A L L E R

RETURN 0 I N A L ( 0 )R E T U R N T O C A L L E R

8/12/2019 jrtech


= OOBO= 0 0 5 4= 0055= 0 0 5 6

= OOFFO O l F

= 0030= 0010= 0019

= 0012= O O l F= 0031

=0 0 4 8

= 0050= 0 0 4 8= 0 0 4 D= oooc= OOOD= OOOB

= 0001

= 0002

= 0003= 0004

= 0046= 0045

= 0 0 4 7= 0 0 4 F= 0049= 0 0 5 1= 0 0 4 1= 0 0 4 E

10691069 30 10 12 19 I F 3 1106F 48 S O 4 8 40 OC1074 OD= oooc

1075

1 0 7 5 02 03 0 1 04 4 6 4 51078 4 7 4 F 49 5 1 4 A 4 E

10811081 4 F 50 5 1 4 8 4 C 4 D

4 7 4 8 4 9 5 2

..................................................................,K E Y 6 2 - 1 N T

THE P URP OS E OF T H I S R O U T I N E IS TO TRA NS L A TE S CA N CODE S AND

S C A N C OD E C O M B I N A T I O N S F RO M T HE 6 2 K E Y K E Y B OA R D T O T H E I RE O U I V l L E N T S O N T H E E 3 K E Y K E YB O AR D T H E S C A N C OD E ISP A SS E D I N A L E A C H S C A N C OD E P A S S E D E I T H E R T R I G G E R S O N E ORM OR E C A L L S T O I N T E R R U P T 9 OR S E T S F L A G S T O R E T A I N K E YB O AR DS T A T U S W HE N I N T E R R U P T 9 IS C A L L E D T H E T R A N S L A T E D S C A NC OD ES A R E P A S SE D T O I T I N A L T H E I N T E N T O F T H I S CO DE U A ST O K E E P I N T E R R U P T 9 I N T A CT F ROM I T S O R I G I N I N TH E PC F A M l L YT H I S R O U T I N E IS I N T H E FR O NT E ND O F I N T E R R U P T 9 ANDTRA NS FORMS A 6 2 K E Y K E Y B OA RD TO L OOK A S I F I T U ER E A N E 3K E Y V E R S I O NIT IS A SS UM ED T H A T T H I S R O U T I N E IS C A L L E D F R O M T H E N M IO E S E R I A L I Z A T I O N R O U T I N E AND T H A T A L L R E G I S T E R S U E RE S AV ED

I N T HE C A L L I N G R O U T I N E A S A CO NS EQ UE NC E A L L R E G I S T E R S AR EDESTROYED

..................................................................,E Q U A T E SBREAK-E1 T EQ U BOHF N- KE Y E Q U 5 4 HP H K E O U F N - K E Y + lE XT -S C AN E Q U P H K + I , BASE CODE FOR SCAN CODES

AND-MASK EQU OF FH , U S ED TO S E L E C T I V E L Y R EM OV E B I T SCLEAR-FLAGS EOU AND-MASK - (FN-FLAG+FN-EREAK+FN-PENDINGl

,S CA N CODE SE -K EY E Q U 4 80-KEY EOU 16P -K EY E O U 2 5E -K EY E OU 1 8S-KEY EOU 3 1N-KEY EQU 49

UP-ARROW EQU 7 2DOUN-ARROU EQU EO

L E FT - AR R O U E Q U 7 5RIGHT-ARROW EOU 77M I N U S E OU 1 2E Q U A L S E Q U I 3NUM-0 EOU I 1

,N EW T R A N S L A T M S C AN CO DE S

,N O T E

, E X T E N D I N G BE YO N D 8 3

......................................................

BREAK, PAUSE, ECHO, AND PRT-SCREEN ARE USED AS OF FS ET SI N T O T H E T A B L E ' S C A N ' O F F S E T = T A B L E P O S I T I O N + 1

......................................................;CHO EQ U 0 1

B R EA K E Q U 0 2P A U S E E Q U 03PRT-SCREEN EOU 04SCROLL-LOCK EOU 70NUM-LOCK E Q U 69

HOME EOU 7 1E ND -K EY E Q U 7 9PAGE-UP EQU 73PACE-DOUN EQU 8 1K E Y P A D-MINUS E QU 74KEYPAD-PLUS EQU 78

ASSUME CS CODE,DS DATA,---- A B L E O F V A L I D S C A N C O D ES

K BO L A B E L B Y T EDB E-KEY, 0-KEY, E-KEY, P-KEY, S-KEY, N-KEYDB UP-ARROU, DOUN-ARROW, LEFT-ARROU, RIGHT-ARROU, M IN USD E E Q U A L S

K B O L E N E Q U I - K B O

;(El L AB EL W T EDE BREAK, PAUSE, ECHO, PRT-SCREEN, SCRO LL-LOC K, NUM-LOCKDE HOME, END-KEY, PAGE-UP, PAGE-DDUN. KEY PAD-MIN US, KEYPAD -PLUS

---- A B L E OF N E U S CA N CODE S

............................................

,NOTE THE RE IS A ONE TO ONE CORRESPONDENCE EETUEENT HE S I Z E O F K E O A N0 K B 1

............................................, T A B L E O F N U M E R I C K E Y P A D S C A N C O DE S

THE S E S CA N CODE S UE RE NUME RIC K E Y P AD CODE S ONT H E E 3 K E Y K E Y BO A R D

.................................................~UM-COOE S LABEL BYTE

D B 79 .80 ,81 ,75 .76 ,77 ,71 ,72 ,73 ,82

I O B B108s I D 37 87 9 0I O B F I D 46 C 6 9 D

;T A B L E

.

;CAN

O F S I M U L A T E D K E Y S T R O K E ST H I S T A B L E R E P R E S E N TS A 4 + 2 A R R AY . E A C H R OUCONS IS TS OF A S E OUE NCE OF S CA N CODE S WHICHUOUL D HA V E B E E N GE NE RA TE D ON AN E 3 K E Y K E Y B OA RDT O C A U SE T H E F O L L O U I N G F U N C T I O N S .

R O U I = E C H O C R T O U T P U T T O . T H E P R I N T E R

ROU 2 =B RE A K

THE T A B L E HA S B OTH MAK E AND B RE A K S CA N CODE S .

L A B E L B Y T ED E 29,55, 183. 157 ; C T R L + P R T S COB 29,70, 1 9 8 . 157 ; C T R L + S C R O L L - L O C K

8/12/2019 jrtech


10931093 3 5 28 3 4 I A 1B= 0005

.................................................., T A B L E O F V A L I D A L T S H I F T S C A N C OD ES

T H I S T A B L E C O N T A I N S S C A N C OD ES F O R K E Y S ON T H E6 2 K E Y K E Y BO A R D T H E S E C O DE S A R E U S E D I NC O M B I N A T I O N U I T H T H E A L T K E Y T O PR O DU C E S C AN C OD E SFOR KEYS NOT FOUND ON THE 6 2 KEY KEYBOARD

A L T -T A B L E L A B E L B Y T E

ALT-LEN EQU I - A L T - T A B L E

, T A B L E O F T R A NS L A T ED S C A N C OD ES W I T H A L T S H I F T

DE 5 3 , 4 0 , 5 2 , 2 6 , 2 7

________________________________________---------_

T H I S T A B L E C O N T A I N S T H E S C AN C OD E S F O R T H EK E Y S W H I C H A R E N O T ON T H E 6 2 K E Y K E Y BO A R D AND

WILL B E T R A N S LA T E D W I T H A L T S H I F T T H ER E IS AONE TO ONE CORRESPONDENCE BETWEEN THE S I Z E SOF ALT-T ABLE AND NEW-ALTT H E F O L L O U I N G T R A N S L A T I O N S AR E H AD E

A L T + I \A L T + I *

A L T + C = :A L T + 1 = -.A L T + = Y

1098

1098 2 B 2 9 3 7 2 8 2 9~EU-ALT LABEL BYTE

DE 4 3 , 4 1 , 5 5 , 4 3 , 4 1

1 0 9 D1 0 9 D109E

1082

l O C 6l O C 6l O C 7

l O C 8l O C Bl O C D

I O D O1 0 0 2

l O D 3l O D 5l O D 7l O D 9l O D B

I O D D

l O D El O E O

l O E 2

I O E 6l O E 9

l O E Al O E Cl O E El O F O

1 40 0 4 8 0049 0 0 4 D0050 0 0 4 F 00480039 O O l C0011 0012 O O l F0 0 2 C 0028 O O l EOOOF 0001

FBF C

E B 1388 REA E OE B 1 3 1 E R

73 01

C F

3 C F F7 4 6 C2 4 7F3 C 5 67 C S F

I E33 F 6B E D E

C 4 3 E 0 1 2 4 R

2 6 E A OD

I F

2C 5 6F E C 93 A C 17 F 10

,E X T A BTAB LE OF SCAN CODES FOR MA PPI N G EXTENDED SETOF SCAN CODES (SCAN CODES > 8 5 ) T H I S T A BL EA L L O W S O T H E R D E V I C E S T O U S E T H E K E Y B O A R D I N T E R F A C EI F THE DEVI CE GENERATES A SCAN CODE > 8 5 T H I S T A BL ECAN BE USED TO MAP THE DEV I CE TO THE KEYBOARD THED E V I C E A L SO H A S T H E O P T I O N O F H A V I N G A U N I O U E S C A NC OD E P U T I N TH E K EY B OA R D B U FF E R ( I N S T E A D O F M A P P I N GT O TH E K E Y B O A R D ) T H E E X TE N D E D S C A N C O DE P U T I N T H EB U F FE R U I L L B E C O N TI NU O U S B E G I N N I N G AT 1 5 0 A ZE ROWILL B E U SE D I N P L A C E O F A N A S C I I C OD E ( E G AD E V I C E G E N E R A T IN G S C A N CO DE 8 6 AN D N O T M A P P I N G 8 6T O T HE K E Y BO A RD U l L L H A VE A t 1 5 0 , O l P UT I N TH EK E Y B O A R D B U F F E R )T A B L E F O R M A TT H E F I R S T B V T E IS A L E N G T H I N D I C A T I N G T H E N U H B E RO F SCAN CODES MAPPED TO THE KEYBOARD THE RE MA I NI N GE N T R P E S A R E U O RD S T H E F I R S T B Y T E ( L OW B Y T E ) IS ASCAN CODE AND THE SECOND BYTE ( H I G H B Y T E ) IS ZEROA D E V I C E G E N E R A T I N G N S C A N C O DE S IS ASSUMED TO GENERATE THEF O L L O U I N G S TR E AM B 6 , 8 7 , B B , , B 6 + ( N - 1 ) T H E S C A N C OD E B Y T E SI N T HE T A B L E C OR RE SP ON D T O T H I S S E T U I T H T HE F I R S T D A T AB Y T E M A T C H I N G 86, T H E S E CO N D M A T C H I N G 8 7 E T C

( 1 ) I F A D E V I C E G E NE R A TE S A B R E AK C OD E, N O T H I N G IS

( 2 ) A L E N G T H O F 0 I N D I C A T E S T H A T Z ER O S C A N CO D ES H A V E B E E N

, N O T E S

P U T I N T H E B U FF ER

M A PP ED T O T H E K E Y B O AR D A ND A L L E X T EN D E D S C A N CO D ES U l L LBE USED

( 3 ) A DE VI C E CAN MAP SOME OF I T S SCAN CODES TO THE KEYBOARDA ND H A V E S OM E I T S S C A N CO D ES I N T H E E X TE N D E D S E T- -_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ - -_ - - _ --

~ ~ T A BABEL WTE

DE 2 0 , L E N G T H O F T A B L E0 0 5 1 DW 7 2 , 7 3 , 7 7 , El, BO , 7 9 , 7 5 , 7 1 , 5 7 , 2 B0 0 4 7

0 0 2 D DU 1 7 , l B , 3 1 , 4 5 , 4 4 , 4 3 , 30, 1 6 , 15, I

00 10

K E Y 6 2 - I N T P R OC F A RS T I

C L D , F O R W A R D D I R E C T I O N

C A L L D D S , S E T U P A D D R E S S I N GH O V A H , A L , SAVE SCAN CODEC A L L T P M , ADJUST OUTPUT FOR USER

JNC KBXO , J UM P I F OK T O C O N T I N U EI R E T , R E T UR N F R O H I N T E R R U P T

, M O D I F I C A T I O N

-__-XTENDED SCAN CODE CHECKL E X 0 C MP A L , O F F H , IS THI S AN OVERRUN CHAR?

J E K BO -1 , P A SS I T TO I N T E R R U P T 9

AND AL ,AND-MASK-BREAK-BI T TURN OFF BREAK B I TCMP AL , EXT-SCAN , IS T h I S A S C A N C OD E > 8 3JL K BX O R E P L AC E B R EA K B I T

P U S H DS

XOR S 1 , S l

MOV D S , S IASSUME DS A B S 0L E S D 1,D W OR D P T R E X S T , GET THE POI NT ER TO THE EXTENDED

H O V C L , B Y T E P T R E S [ D I I , G E T L E N G T H B Y T EPOP D SASSUME D S D A T A

, ---- CAN CODE IS I N EXTENDED SE;

, S E T

,---- OES SCAN CODE GET MAPPED TO KEYBOARD OR TO NF U EXTENDED SC AN

, CODES?SUB AL,EXT-SCAN , CONVERT TO BASE OF N EU SETD E C C L , L E N G T H - 1C M P A L , C L , IS C OD E I N T A B L E ?J G K B X l , JUMP I F SCAN CODE IS N OT I N T A B LE

8/12/2019 jrtech


I O F 2 47l O F 3 EE D EIOFS 32 FF

I O F 7 D I E3I O F 9 0 3 FEI O F B 26: E A 05

I O F E 3 C 56

1100 7c 3 A

1102 F6 C 4 EO

1105 74 0 11107 C F1108 EO C 4 401106 32 COllOD BE 1 E O O l C R1111 BE F3I l l 3 E E 144F R1116 3E 1 E O O I A R1 1 1 A 75 19

l l l C BE OOEOI l l F E9 004s1122 E E E 0 3 5 RI125 EO 2 6 0017 R F O

I 1 2 A

I I 2F11341I35I137

I13EI 1 3 CI13F1141

I 1 4 3I145

11471 1 4 CI I 4 EI153I I55I158

EO 2 6 0018 R O F

EO 26 OOEB R I FC FE9 04E9 I E O O lC R

C FEO E 4 EOO A C 4E A E O

3c 4 575 14F 6 06 0017 R 0 474 OAF6 06 0017 R 0875 0 3E9 1 2 E E RE 9 1 2 5C R

1158 3c 37I I S D 75 I1115F F6 06 0017 R 0 3

1164 7 4 F 2

1166 F6 06 0017 R 0 41168 75 E E1160 E 9 1301 R

I17011721174I179

I 178I 1 7 C

11701180

I18311851187I 1 E A

l l E C

1191I1951 1 9 A1 1 9 DI19F

1 1 A 1I 1 A 4I 1 A 6I 1 A EI 1ADI I A F1163

118411861 EE

I IEEl l E D

l l C 21 C 7

I I C EI I C DI I C FI I D 4I I D SI I D A

EA EO24 7FF6 06 0017 R 08

74 39

OE07

E F 1093 RE9 0005

F2/ A E75 2DE9 1094 R28 F9

2E: E A E 5 1098 R

B A 1E 0017 REO 36 0017 R 08

F6 C 4 EO

74 0 2OC EO

E3 F F 0 3

7 C 05

EO OE 0017 R 02E6 60CD 09

BE 1 E 0 0 1 7 RC F

3c 5 475 2 3F 6 C 4 EO

75 08EO 2 6 0088. R I F

EO OE OOEE R A 0C F

F6 06 0088 R 2075 06

EO 26 OOaE R I FC FEO OE OOEE R 4 0C F

----GET SCAN CODE FROM TABL E

I N C D I , P O I N T D I P A S T L E N G T H B Y T EHOV EX, AXXOR EH,EH , P R E P A R E F O R A D D I N G T O 16 B I T

SHL EX , 1

A DD D I B X O F F S E T T O C O RR EC T T A B L E E N T R Y

CHP AL,EXT-SCAN , IS C OD E I N K E YB O AR D S E T 7

JL K E X 4 I N K E Y BO A R D S E T , C H E C K F O R B R E A K

, R E G I S T E R

HOV AL:EYTE PTR ES c 6 1 1 , TRANSLATED SCAN CODE IN AL

----SCAN CODE GETS HAPPED TO E X ~ N D E DSCAN CODES;EX1 TES T AH, EREAK-B I T , IS T H I S A B R E A K CO D E7

J Z K E X Z , H A K E CO DE , P U T I N B U F F E RI R E T , BREAK CODE, RETURN FROM I NTE RR UP T

X O R A L , A L , Z E R O O U T A S C I I V A L U E ( N U L 1H O V E X , E U F F E R - T A I L , G ET T A I L P O I N T ERH O V S I , E X , S A VE P O I N T ER T O T A I LC A LL K 4 , I NC R E M EN T T A I L V A L U ECHP EX,EUFFER-HEAD , IS B U F F E R F U L L 7J N E K E X 3 P U T C O NT E NT S O F A X I N B U F F E R

HOV EX,EOH , FREQUENCY OF BEEPH O V C X . 4 E H , D U R A T I O N O F B E E PCA LL KB-NO1 SE , B U F FE R F U L L B E E PAND KE-FLAG,OFOH , C L E A R A L T , C T R L , L E F T A ND R I G H T

, S H I F T SAND KE-FLAG-I , OFH , CLE AR MAKE OF INS , CAPS-LOCK, NUM

, AND SCROLLAN0 KE-FLAG-2, I F H , C L E A R F U N C T I O N S T A T E SI R E T , D ON E U I T H I N T E R R U P T

K E X 3 H OV C S 1 3 . A X , P U T C O N TE N TS O F A X I N B U FF E RH O V E U F F E R - T A I L , B X , A D VA N CE B U F F E R T A I L

I R E T , R E T U R N F R O M I N T E R R U P T

OR AL , AH , U P D A T E N E U S C A N C O D EH OV A H ,A L S A V E A L I N A H A G A I N

K B X 2 A DD A H . 6 4

,E X T E N D E D S E T C O DE S B E G I N A T 150

,----BUFFER I S FULL, BEEP AND CLCAR FLAGS

K E X 4 A ND A H , E R E A K - B IT , M AS K BR E A K B I T O N O R I G I N A L S C A N

----e3 KEY K E Y B O A R D FUNCTIONS sAr F T + P R T S C AND CTRL+NUHLOCK

;EO-1 CHP AL,NUH-KEY , IS T H I S A N U H L O CK -J N E K E 0 - 3 C H E C K F O R P R T S C

T E S T K E j L A G , A LT -S HIF ; IS A L T K E Y H E L D C O N C U R R E N T L Y 7JNZ KE0-2 , ;ASS I T ONJ M P K B 1 6 - 1 , P U T K E YB O AR D I N H OL D S T A T E

TEST KEJLAG,CTL-SHIF~ IS CTRL KEY BEING HELD D O U N ~J Z K E O 2 ~ U H LO C K WITHOUT CTRL, CONTINUE

K E 0 - 2 J H P CONT-1NT , C O N T I N U E U I T H I N T E R R U P T 4 B H

;EO) C H P A L . 5 5 , IS T H I S A P R T S C K E Y ’----CHECK FOR PRTSC

J N Z K E 1 - 1 N O T A P R T S C K E YTEST KE-FLAG, LEFTSHI;T+RIGHT-SHIFT , EITHER SHIFT

, A C T I V E 7J Z K E 0 - 2 , P RO CE SS S CA N I N I N 1 9

TEST KE-FLAG, CTL-SHI FT IS T H E C T R L K E Y P R E S S E D ?J N Z K E 0 - 2 , A01 A V A L I D P R TS C ( P C C O M P A T I B LE )J H P P R T S C H A N D L E T H E P R I N T S C RE E N F U N C T I O N

----ALTERNATE SHIFT TRANSLATI ONkE1-I HOV AH, AL SAVE CHARACTER

AND AL, AND-MASK - E~EAK-EIT , MASK BREAK BTT E S T K E - F L A G , A L T - S H I F T , IS T H I S A P O T E N T I A L T R A N S L A T IO NJ Z K E 2

P U S H C SPOP ES , I N I T I A L I Z E S EG ME NT F OR T A B L E LO OK

HOV D I , O F F S E T A L T - T A B L EHOV CX, ALT-LEN , GET READY FOR TABLE LOOK UPREPNE SCASE , S E R A C H T A B L EJ N E K E Z J UM P I F H A TC H IS NOT FOUND

S U B D 1 C X U P D A T E D I T O I N D E X S C A N C OD E

, --- A B L E L O O K U P

, up

HOV CX,OFFSET ALT-TA~LE + I

HOV AL:CS NEW-ALTCDI; , TRANSLATE SCAN CODE,----CHECK FOR BREAK CODE

HOV EL , KE-FLAG , S A V E K E -F L AG S T A T U SXOR KE-FLAG, ALT-SHI FT , M A S K O F F A L T S H I F TT E S T A H , E R E A K - B I T , IS T H I S A B R EA K C H A R A C T E R 7J Z K E 1 - 2 , J UM P I F S C AN IS A H A K EOR AL , EREAK-B I T , S E T B RE AK B I T

, ---HAKE CODE, CHECK FOR SH I F T SEQUENCE

K E 1- 2 C HP D I , 3 , IS T H I S A S H I F T S EQ UE NC EJL KE1-3 , JUMP I F N O T S H I F T S E Q U E N C EOR KE-FLAG, LEFT-SHI FT , T U R N O N S H I F T F L A G

I N 1 9H , I S S U E I N 1 TO P R O CE SS S C A N C OD EHOV KE-FLAG, BL , R E ST O RE O R I G I N A L F L A G S T A T E S

I R E T

KE1-3 OUT KEPOR T, AL

---- U N C T I O N K E Y H A N D L E R

k E 2 CHP AL , FN-KEY , C H EC K F O R F U N C T I O N K E YJ N Z K E 4 , J UM P I F N O T F U N C T IO N K E YTES T AH, BREAK-B I T , IS T H I S A F U N C T I O N BR E A K

J N Z K E 3 JUMP I F F U N C T I O N B R E A KAND KE-FLAG-2, C L E A R ~ L A G S CLEAR ALL PREVI ous

, FUNC~IONSOR KB-FLAG-2, FN- FLA G + FN-PENDINGI R E T , R E T U R N FR O M I N T E R R U P T

---- U N C T I O N B R E A K;E3 TEST KB-FLAG-2 , FN-PEND I NG

J N Z K E 3 - 1 , J UM P I F F U N C T IO N IS P E N D I N GAND KE-FLAG-2, CLEAR-FLAGS , C L E A R A L L F L A G SI E T

KE 3-1 OR KE-FLAG-2,FN-BREAK , S E T B R E A K F L A GKE3-2 I R E 1 , R E T U R N F R O M I N T E R R U P T

R O M B I O S A-39

8/12/2019 jrtech


l l D E 3 C 551100 74 F BI l D F F6 06 0088 R 90

l l E 4 75 2 1

l l E 6 F 6 0 6 0 0 1 7 R 2 0l l E B 7 4 1 6l l E D 3 C 08

l l E F 77 - 1 2l l F l F E C Bl l F 3 7 4 OE

l l F 5I I F 7I I F AI l F C

I l F F1 2 0 1

1 2 0 31 2 0 5

1 2 0 71 2 0 91 2 0 81 2 0 D

1 2 O F1 2 1 21 2 1 4

1 2 191 2 I8

1 2 2 0

1 2 2 21 2 2 71 2 2 91 2 2 E1 2 3 3

1 2 3 41 2 3 6

1 2 3 8

F E C BB B 1081 R2 E D 7BO E 4 80

OA C4EB 598 A C 4E 8 5 5

3c OB77 2 0F E C B7 5 2 5

F 6 C 4 BO7 5 3 0F 6 0 6 0088 R 80

7 4 2 9F 6 0 6 0088 R 4 0

7 5 2 2

F 6 0 6 0017 R 0 37 4 1880 3 6 0088 R 10

80 2 6 0088 R 1 FCF

0 4 3 AE B 3 E

OE1 2 3 9 0 71 2 3 A 8 F 1 0 6 9 R

1 2 3 D 89 OOOC1 2 4 0 F 2 / AE1 2 4 2 7 4 I D

1 2 4 4 F 6 0 6 0088 R 4 01 2 4 9 7 4 OF

1 2 4 8 F 6 C 4 B O1 2 4 E 7 5 OA

1 2 5 01 2 5 5

1 2 5 A1 2 5 C1 2 5 C1 2 5 E1260

1 2 6 0

1 2 6 I

1 2 6 31 2 6 51 2 6 A1 2 6 C1 2 6 F

1 2 7 1

B O 2 6 0088 R I FC 6 06 0 0 8 7 R 00

E A C 4

E 6 6 0CD 09

C F

3 C 3 17 5 07F 6 0 6 0 0 1 7 R OB7 4 D 8E9 1 0 6 A R2 8 F 9

2 E E A E5 1 0 7 5 R

1 2 7 6 F 6 C 4 EO1 2 7 9 7 4 3 5

1 2 7 81 2 7 01 2 7 F1 2 8 I

1 2 8 3

12851 2 8 71289

12901 2 9 2

1 2 9 612981 2 9 D12901 2 A 2

1288

3c 4 57 4 0 43 C 4 67 5 08

OC 80

E 6 6 0CD 09

2 4 7 FF 6 0 6 0088 R 4 07 4 I 1

3 A 0 6 0 0 8 7 R

75 C 8E O 2 6 0088 R I F

C 6 0 6 0 0 8 7 R 00C F

._---H EC K I F F U N C T I O N F L A G A LR E A D Y SE Tk B 4 : CM P A L , P H K ; IS T H I S A P HA NT OM K E Y ?

K E 4 - 0 T E S T KE-FLAG-Z,FN-FLAG+FNLOCK , AR E U E I N F U N C T IO NJZ ~ 8 3 - 2 , JUMP I F P HA NTOM SE OUE NCE

. S T A T E ?J N Z K B 5

T E S T

, ---- H EC K I F NUM S T A T E IS A C T I V E

J ZCMPJ ADE CJ Z

DE CMOVX L A TAND

ORJMP

K84-1 . MOVJMP

k 8 5 CMPJ ADECJ N Z

_-_-T R A N S L A T E

---- HECK FOR

KF-FLAG,UM-STATEK B 4 - 1 , J UM P I F N O T I N NU M-S TA TEAL, NUM-0 , A R E WE I N N U M ER I C KE YP AD R E G I O N -K 8 4 - 1 , J UM P I F N OT I N K EY PA DA L , CHECK LOUER BOUND OF RANGEK 8 4 I J UM P I F N OT I N RAN GE ( E S C K E Y )

A L , A L IS O F F S ET I N T O T A B L EBX, OF FSE T NUM-CODESCS NUM-CODES , NEW SCAN CODE IS I N A LA H,B RE A K -B IT , I S O L A T E B RE AK B I T O N O R I G I N A L

AL, AH , UPDATE KEYPAD SCAN CODESHORT CONT-INT , C O N TI NU E U I T H I N T E R RU P TAL, AH , G ET B AC K B RE AK B I T I F S E TSHORT CONT-INT

AL, NUM-0 , CHECK FOR RANGE OF INTEGERSK B 7 , JU MP I F N O T I N R AN GE

A L , CHECK FOR ESC KEY ( = I )K B 6 , NOT E S CA P E K E Y . RA NGE OF INTE G E RS

SCAN-CODE T O NUME~IC K E Y P A D

, SCAN CODE

V A L I D F U N C T I O N K E Y

,----E S C A P E K E Y , L O C K KE Y BO A R D I N F U N C T I O N L O C K

T E S T A H , 8 R E A K _ B I T , IS T H I S A B R EA K C O D E7J NZ K 8 8 , NO P ROCE S S ING FOR E S CA P E B RE A KTE S T K B -FL A G-2,FN-FL A G TOGGL E S ONLY UHE N FN HE L D

J Z K E B , NOT HELD CONCURRENTLYTE S T K B -FL A G-2,FN-B RE A K HA S THE FUN CTIO N K E Y B E E N

, R i L E A S E D 7J N Z K 8 8 , C O N T I N U E I F R E L E A S E D P R O CE S S A S

, ESCT E S T KB-FLAG,LEFT-SHIFT+RIGHT-SHIFT , E I T H E R S H I F T 7J Z K B B , NOT HELD DOUNX O R K B - F L A G - 2 , F N L O C K , T O G G L E S T A T EAND KB-FLAG-2,CLEAR-FLAGS , TURN OFF OTHE R S TA TE SI R E T , RE TURN FROM INTE RUP T

, ;ONCURRENTLY

.---- C A N C O DE I N R A NG E I - > 0

,___-HE CK TA B L E FOR OTHE R V A L ID S CA N CODE S

K 8 6 ADD A L , 5 8 , GENERATE CORRECT SCAN CODEJMP S HORT K B 1 2 , CL E A N-UP B E FORE RE TURN TO K B - INT

K B 7 P U S H C SPOP E S , E S T A B L I S H AD DR ES S O F T A B L EM OV D I , O F F S E T KEO , B A S E O F T A B L E

MOV CX, KBOLEN , L E N G T H O F T A B L EREPNE SCASB , S E A RCH TA B L E FOR A MA TCHJ E K E I O , J UM P I F M A TC H

K 8 8 TE S T K B -FLA G-2 ,FN-E REA K , HAS BREAK OCCUREDV

,___-L L E G A L C H A R A C T E R

J Z K E 9 , F U N C T I O N K E Y H A S N O T B EE N

TE S T A H,E RE A K -B IT , IS T H I S A BR E AK O F A N I L L E G A LJ N Z K B 9 , D O N 'T R E S E T F L A G S ON I L L E G A L

, BREAK

, R E L E A S E D

K B8 5 AND KE-FLAG-2, CLEAR-FLAGS , NORMA L S TA TEMOV CUR-FUNC.0 , R E T R I E V E O R I G I N A L S C A N C O D E

k B 9 MOV AL,AH , R E T R I E V E O R I G I N A L S C A N C O D ECONT-I NT

---- U N C T I O N B R E A K IS NOT SET

OUT KBPORT, ALI N 1 9 H , I S S U E KE Y BO A R D I N T E R R U P T

I R E T

RE T- I NT

,---- E FORE TRA NS L A TIO N CHE CK FOR A L T+FN+N-K EY A S NUM L OCK

K 8 l O C MP A L .N - KE Y , IS T H I S A P O T E N T I A L N U M L O C K 7J N E K B I O - I , NOT A N U MK EY , T R A N S L A T E I TT E S T K B - F L A G ,A L T - S H IF T A L T H E L D D O Y N A L S O 7J Z K E B , +REAT A S ILLEGAL COMBINATION

S UB D I . C X , & DA TE INDEX TO NEU SCAN CODEK E IO - I MOV CX , OFFS E T K 8 O + I GE T OFFS E T TO TA B L E

, T A B L EMOV A L , C S K E I C D I I , M OV N E U S CA N C O DE I N T O R E G I S T E R

,---- RA NS L A TE D CODE I N A L OR AN OFFS E T TO THE TA B L E "S CA N"

,-__-HECK FOR TOGGLE KEY

K 8 l 2 T E S T A H . BR E A K- 8 IT , IS T H I S A B RE A K C H A R 7J Z K E l 3 , J UM P I F M A K E CO DE

CMP AL, NUM-LOCK , IS T H I S A N U M L O C K 7J Z K E 12 - 1 , JUMP I F TOGGL E K E YC M P A L , S C R O L L L O C K , IS T H I S A SCROLL LOCK'J N Z K B 1 2 - 2 , JU MP I F N O T A TOGGL E K E Y

OUT KBPORT, ALI N T 9H TOGGL E S TA TE '

AND AL,AND-MASK2BREAk-81T , T UR N O F F B RE AK B I T

J Z K 8 12 - 3 , J U M P - I F B R E A K H A S N OT O C C UR EDCMP AL,CUR-FUNC , IS T H I S A B R EA K O F O LD V A L I D

J N E R E T - I N T , A L L D U F U R T H E R C U RR EN T F U N C T I O N SAND KE-FLAG-2 , CLEAR -FLAGS

MOV CURJUNC.0 , C L E A R C U R R E N T F U N C T I O NI R E 1 , R E T U R N F RO M I N T E R R U P T

K B 1 2 -1 OR A L ,B OH , T U R N O N B R EA K B I T

K E 1 2 -2 TE S T K E -FL A G-2,FN-E RE A K , HA S FUNC TION B RE A K OCCURE D7

, F U N C T I O N

K E 1 2 - 2 0

8/12/2019 jrtech


I 2 A 3 3 A 06 0 0 8 7 R

1 2 A 9 EO 2 6 OOEE R D F

I 2 A E E E ED ’

l 2 E O F 6 06 O OE 8 R 4 0

l 2 E 5 7 4 OD

1 2 8 7 EO 3 E 0 0 8 7 R 00

1 2E C 7 4 0 61 2B E 3 8 0 6 0 0 8 7 RI 2 C 2 7 5 EC

1 2 ~ 7 7 5 e7

I 2 C 4 A 2 0 0 8 7 RI 2 C 7 3 C 0 4I 2 C 9 7 F 91

l 2 C 8l 2 C D1 2 C F

I 2 D I

1 2 0 31 2 0 51 2 0 7l 2 D E

l 2 D D1 2 D F1 2 E 21 2 E 21 2 E 4I 2 E 61 2 E E1 2 E A

7 4 3 43 C 03

7 4 I A

F E C ED O EODO EO9 82 E ED 3 6 IOEE R

03 F OE 9 0 0 0 4

2 E A CE 6 6 0CD 09E 2 F ECF

1 2 E B

1 2 F O1 2 F 2I 2 F 71 2 F 9l 2 F E

1300

1301

1306

1 3 0 81 3 0 Dl 3 O E1311

1 3 1 213131 3 1 413151 3 1 6131813 A1 3 1 81 3 1 C13 D

l 3 l E

F 6 0 6 0 0 1 8 R 08

7 5 O EEO OE O O l E R 08

E 4 A 0F 6 06 O O l E R OB75 F 9

CF

F 6 0 6 O O l E R 08

7 4 0 6

E O 2 6 O O l E R F 7CFE3 C 4 060 7

I FSA595 BE 4 A 0CD 0 55 85 F5 EC F

1 3 1 E1 3 1 E 531 3 1 F 3 8 0 6 0 0 8 5 R1 3 2 3 7 4 3 1

1 3 2 5 A 8 EO1 3 2 7 7 4 1 21 3 2 9 2 4 7 F1 3 2 8 3 8 0 6 0 0 8 5 R

1 3 2 F E A C 41331 75 051 3 3 3 C 6 0 6 0 0 8 5 R 001 3 3 8 F E1 3 3 9 5 81 3 3 A C 3

K 8 1 2 -3 CMP A L ,CUR-FUNC , IS T H I S B RE AK O F F I R S T F U N C T I D N ?

J N E R E T - I N 1 , I G N O R EAND KB-FLAG-2,AND-MASK-FN-PENDING ~ T U R N O F F P E N D I N G

, F U N C T I O NJ M P K E 1 2 - 2 0 , CL E A R CURRE NT FUNCTION A ND RE TURN

;El3 TEST KE-FLAG-2,FN-BREAK , C HE CK I F F U N C T I O N K E Y H A S B EE NV A L ID MA K E K E Y HA S B E E N P RE S S E D- _ -

, PRESSEDJ Z K E 1 4 1 J UM P I F N OT S E T

CMP CUR-FUNC,O , IS T H I S A N E U F U N C T I ON ?J Z K E 1 4 - 1 , I N I T I A L I Z E N EU FU N CT IO NCMP CUR-FUNC,AL , IS T H I S NO N- CU RR EN T F U N C T I O NJ N Z K E E 5 , JU M P I F NO F U N C T IO N IS P E N D I N G

,_ _ _ -UNCTION B R E A K HAS ALREADY ~ ~ C U R E D

, T O R E T R I E V E O R I G I N A L S C A N C OD E,_--- HECK FOR SCAN CODE GENERATION SEQUENCE

K E 1 4 - 1 MOV CUR-FUNC,AL , I N I T I A L I Z E C UR RENT F NK B 1 6 C M P A L , P R T S C R E E N , IS T H I S A S I M U L A T E D S E Q U E N CE ?

JG C O N T - I N 1 , JU MP I F T H I S IS A S I M P L E

J Z P R T S C , D O T H E P R I N T S C R E E N F U N C T I O NCMP A L ,P A US E , IS T H I S T H E H OL D F U N C T I O N ?J Z K B 1 6 -1 , D O T H E P A U S E F U N C T I O N

D E C A L , P O I N T A T E A S ES HL A L , I

S H L A L , I , M U L T I P L Y B Y 4CEUL E A S 1 , S C A N , A DDRE S S S E QUE NCE OF S IMUL A TE D

A DD S 1 ,A X , UP DA TE TO P O IN T A T CORRECT S E TMOV CX.4 , LOOP COUNTER

L ODS S CA N , GET SCAN CODE FROM TABLEOUT KEPORT, ALI N 1 9 H , P RO CE SS I TLOOP GENERATE , GET NEXTI R E T

, 7 R A N S L A T I O N

,---- REAK OR ECHO

, K E Y S T R O K E S

GENERATE

P U T K E YB OA R D I N H O LD S T A T E_--b 1 6 - 1 TEST KE-FLAG-1,HOLD-STATE , CANNOT GO I N HOL D S TA TE I F

, I T S A C T I VEJ N Z K E 1 6 - 2 , D ON E U I T H I N T E R R U P TOR K E -FL A G- I ,HOL D-S TA TE TURN ON HOL D FL A GIN AL,NMI-PORT , RE& K E Y B OA RD L A T C H

HOLD TEST KE-FLAG-I ,HOLD-STATE , S T I L L I N HO LD S TA TE ’J N Z H O L D , C O N T I N U E L O O P IN G U N T I L K EY IS

, PRESSEDK B l6 - 2 I R E 1 , R E TU R N F RO M I N T E R R U P T 4 E H---- R I N T S C R E E N F U N C T I O N

~ R T S C TEST KE-FLAG-~, HOLD-STATE , I S HOLD STATE IN PROGRESS’

AND KE-F~AG-I, OFFH-H~LD-STATE , TURN OFF FLAG

J Z K E 1 6 3 OK T O C O N T I N U E U I T H PR T S C

I R E TK E I 6 - 3 A D D

POP

POPPOPPOPPOPI NI N TPOPPOPPOPI R E T

K E Y 6 2 - I N T E N D P--------- ----TYPAMAT I C

T P

S P, 3 x 2E S

D SDXcxEXAL, NMI-PORT5 HAXDISI

, G ET R I D O F C A L L T O I N T E R R U P T 4 E H, P OP R E G I S T E R S T H A T A R E N ‘ T, M O D IF IE D I N I N 1 5

, RE S E T K E Y B OA RD L A TCH, I S S U E I N T E R R U P T

, P OP THE RE S 1

T H I S R O U T I N E U I L L C HE CK K EY BO A RD S T A T U S B I T S I N KB -F LA G-2A ND D E TE RM INE UHAT S TA T E THE K E Y BOA RD IS I N A P PR O P RI AT EA C T IO N U I L L B E T A KE N

A L = S CA N CODE OF K E Y UHIC H TRIGGE RE D NON-MA S K A BL E INTE RRU P T, N P U T

,OUTPUTC AR RY B I T = I I F NO A C T I O N IS TO B E T A K E NC AR RY B I T 0 ME ANS S CA N CODE I N A L S HOULD B E P ROCE S S E D

MO DIF ICA TIO NS TO THE V A RIA B L E S CUR-CHAR A ND VA R-DE LA Y A REM AD E A L S O T H E P U TC H A R B I T I N K E -F L AG - 2 IS TOGGLED UHENTHE KEYBOARD IS I N H A L F R A TE MODE

F U R T H E R

________________________________________------------TPM PROC NEAR

P US H E XCMP CUR-CHAR,AL , IS T H I S A N E U CH A R AC T ER ?J Z T P 2 J UM P I F S AM E C H AR A CT ER

T E S T A L , E R E A K - B I T , IS THE NE U K E Y A B RE A K K E Y ?J Z TP O , J UM P I F N OT A B R E A KAND A L 0 7 F H C L E A R B R E AK B I TCMP

MOVJ N ZMOVC L CPOPR E T

,_ - _ - E ~ HARACTER CHECK FOR BREAK SEQUENCES

CUR-CHAR, AL

A L , A HTPCUR-CHAR, 00

E X

, IS NEU CHARACTER THE BREAK OF, L A S T M A K E ?, R E T R I E V E O R I G I N A L C H A R A C T E R, JUMP I F NOT THE S AME CHA RA CTE R, CL E A R CURRE NT CHA RA CTE R, C L E A R C AR R Y B I T

, RETURN

8/12/2019 jrtech


1338133E13431348

1340l 34FI354

I356

13581350

I36 I136413661368

1 3 6 A136F1373

13751 3 7 A1 3 7 C1381

1386I388138813891 3 8 A

1388

A 2 0085 R

BO 26 0086 R F O80 26 0088 R F EF6 06 0088 R 02

74 E9BO OE 0086 R O FE8 E2

F6 06 0088 R 0875 288 A I€ 0086 RBO E3 OFOA 0874 ODFE C B

80 26 0086 R F OOB IE 0086 R

E8 I3

F6 06 0088 R 04

74 B C80 36 0088 R 01F6 06 0088 R 0 175 80

F958

c3

1388I388 SO

l 3 8 C 88 0040

l38F BE 081391 581 3 B 2 C 31 3 B 3

1393I393139413911398l 3 B 81390I39F1 3 A I1 3 A 3I3A5I 3 A S1 3 A 71 3 A 81 3 A BI 3 A C1361

13851389I388l 3 8 Cl 3 C OI 3 C 4I 3 C 9

F BI EEB 1388 R80 F C 8074 2E

OA E 474 07F E C C74 16

F BI FC FF AA 0 0070 RC 6 06 0070 R 00

BB OE 0 0 6 E R

B B 16 0 0 6 C RE 8 EAF A89 16 0 0 6 C R89 O E 0 0 6 E RC 6 06 0070 R 00E B D A

I N I T I A L I Z E A N E U CH AR AC TE R---;PO MOV CU R-C HA R,A L , SAVE NEU CHARACTER

A N 0 VAR-DELAV,OFOH , C L E A R V A R I A B L E D E L A YA ND K BJ LA G-2 ,O FE H I N I T I A L P U TC H AR B I T A S Z E ROTEST

OR

KB-FLAG-2, INIT-D~LAY , ARE UE INCREASING THE

VAR-OELAV,DELAY-~UTE , INCREASE DELAY B Y 2x

, I N I T I A L D EL AY -J Z T P D E F A UL T D E L AY

JMP SHORT TP----C HE CK I F U E A RE I N T V P A M A T IC M O DE AN D I F D E LA Y IS OVER

;PZ TE ST KBJLAG-2, TYPE-OFF IS T V P A M A T I C T U R N E D O F F -J N Z T P 4 , J ~ PF TVPAMATIC RATE I S OFFMOV 8L . VAR-DELAY , GET VAR-DEALY

A N D 8 L . O F H , MASK OFF HIGH O R D E R ( S C R E E N R A N G E )OR 8 L . B L , IS I N I T I A L D E L AY O VER -J Z T P 3 , J U M P I F D E L A Y IS OVERD E C B L , D E C R E A S E D E L A Y U A I T B Y ANOTHER

AND VAR-DELAY, OFOHOR VAR-DELAY, ELJ M P S H OR T T P 4

J Z T P J U h P I F YE ARE I N N O RM A L M O D E

TEST KB-FLAC-Z, PUTCHAR IS I T T I M E T O P U T OUT A CHARJ N Z T P , k O T T I M E T O O U T P U T C H A R A C T E R

S T C , S E T C A R R Y F L A GPOP B XR E T

, CHARACTER

----CHECK I F T I M E T O O U T P U T C H A R;P3 TE ST KB-FLAG-2,HALF-RATE ARE YE I N H A L F R A T E M OD E

XOR KB-FLAG-2. P UT CHA ~, TOGGLE BIT

T P 4 , S K I P T H I S C H AR AC TE R

T P M E N D P

, T H I S S U B R OU T IN E S E T S OS T O P O I N T T O T H E BIOS D A T A AREA, I N P U T N O N E, OUTPUT OS IS S E T

b D S PROC NEAR

...............................................................

_--__--__-__--__-^__________________^___-----------------------

P U S H A XMOV AX. 40HMOV DS,AXP O P A XR E T

DDS ENDP

, TI ME-OF-DAVISOUND SOURCE SEL EC T

--- I N T I L , ....................................................T H I S R O U T I N E A L L O U S T H E C LO C K TO B E S E T I R E A DA N I N T E R F A C E F OR S E T T I N G T H E M U L T I P L E X E R F O RAUDI O SOURCE IS A L S O P R O V I D E D

, I N P U T, ( A H ) = 0 R E A D T H E C U R RE N T C L O C K S E T T I N G

RETURNS CX = HIGH P O R T I O N O F C O UN TO X L O U P O R T I O N O F C O UN TA L = 0 I F T I M E R HAS N O T P A S SE D 2 4 H O U RSS I N C E L A S T R E A D < > 0 I F ON ANOTHER D A Y

, ( A H ) = 1 SET THE CURRENT CLOCKCX = HIGH P O R T I O N O F C O U N TOX = LOU P O R T I O N O F C O U N T

, (AH) = 80H S E T U P S O U N D M U L T I P L E X E RA L = ( S O U R C E O F S O U N D ) - -> " A U D I O O U T " OR RF MODULATOR

00 = 8283 CHANNEL 2

0 1 = C A S S E T T E I N P U T02 = " AU D IO I N " L I N E ON I 1 0 CHANNEL03 = COMPLEX SOUND GENERATOR C H IP

, NOTE COUNTS OCCUR AT THE RATE OF 1193180I65536 C O U N T S I S E C( O R ABOUT 18 2 PER SECOND -- S E E E Q U A T E S B E L O U )________________________________________---------------ASSUME

T I ME-OF-DAYS T IP U S HC A L LCMPJ EOR

J ZOECJ Z

T I : S T IPOPI R E T

T 2 : C L IHOVMOVHOV

MOVJ M PT 3 : C L t

MOVwovMOVJ M P

C S : C O D E . D S : D A T APROC FAR

OSDDSAH, 8OH

T 4 AAH, AHT 2AHT 3

DS

AL, T I HER-OPLT I MER-OFL, 0

C X , T I H E R - H I G H

OX, TIMER-LOWT I

T I M E R L O W , O X

TI HER-HI GH, CXT I MER-OFL ,0

T I

I N T E R R U P T S B A C K O NSAVE SEGMENT

AH=BOMUX-SET-UPAH=OREAD-T I MEAH= 1

SET-T I MEI N T E R R U P T S B AC K O NRECOVER SEGMENTR E T U R N T O C A L L E RNO T I M E R I N T E R RU P T S W I L E R E A D IN G

GET OVERFLOW, AND RESET THE FLAG

TOD-RETURNN O I N T E R R U P T S U H l L E

S E T T H E T I M ER E S E T O V E R F L O UTOO-RETURN

U R I T I N G

8/12/2019 jrtech


13CB 5 113CC 8 1 05

I 3 C E D 2 EOl 3 D O B 6 C 41 3 0 2 E 4 6 1

1304 2 4 9FI 3 D 6 OA C 41306 E 6 6 11301 591308 E E C B1 3 D D

1300

1 3 D D F Bl 3 D E 1 EI 3 D F 53l 3 E O € 6 1388 R1 3 E 3 0 1 E 41 3 E S 74 OA13E7 FE CC13E9 74 I E1 3 E E F E C C

l 3 E D 74 2 81 3 E F E B 2E

13FI13F I F B1 3 F Z 9013F3 F A13F4 88 I E O O IA R1 3 F B 38 1 E O O l C R1 3 FC 7 4 F 31 3 F E BE 071400 E8 1 4 4 F R1403 89 I E O O IA R1407 E B 4 3

1409 F A

1 4 0 E 38 I E O O lC R

1 4 1 2 6 6 071 4 1 4 F B1415 5 61 4 1 6 I F1 4 1 7 C A 0002

1 4 1 A A 0 0017 R1 4 1 D E B 2 D

MOA a8 IE 0011 R

T 4 A P U S H C X

HOV CL, 5S A L A L . C L , S H I F T P A R M BITS L E F T 5 P O S I T I O N SX C H G A L , A H , SAVE PARMI N A L,P O RT -B , GET CURRENT PORT SETTI NGSAND AL, lOOlllllB , I S O L A T E H U X BITSOR AL,AH , C O M B I N E P O R T B I T S I P A R M BITSOUT PORT-6, AL , SET PORT T O N E U V A L U EPOP c xJMP T I , TOD-RETURN

TI ME-OF-DAY ENDP

I KEYBOARD I t 0

, J N P U T

---- I N 7 16 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

T H E S E R O U T I N E S P R O V I D E K E Y B O A R D S U P P O R T

( A H ) - 0 R E A D T H E N E X T A S C I I C H A R A CT E R S T R U CK F RO M T H EK EY B OA R D, R E T U R N T H E R E S U L T I N ( A L ) , S C A N C OD E I N( A H )

A V A I L A B L E TO B E R E A D( Z F ) = I -- N O C O D E A V A I L A B L E( Z F ) = O -- COOE IS A V A I L A B L EI F Z F = 0, T H E N E X T C HA R A C TE R I N TH E B U F F E R TO B EREAD IS I N A X , AN D T HE E N T R Y R E M A I N S I N TH E B U F FE R

THE BIT S E T T I N G S F O R T H I S C OD E A RE I N D I C A T E D I N T H ETHE EQ UATES FOR KB-FLAG

C H AN G ED U S I N G TH E F O L L O U t N G F U N C T I O N S( A L ) = O R E TU R N TO D E F A U L T R E ST O R ES O R I G I N A L

( A H ) = I S ET T HE Z F L A G TO I N D I C A T E I F A N A S C I I C H A R A C T E R IS

( A H ) = 2 R E T UR N T HE C UR RE NT S H I F T S T A T U S I N A L R E G I S T ER

( A H ) = 3 S E T T Y P A M A T I C R A T E S T H E T Y P A M A T I C R A T E C A N B E

S T A T E I E T Y P A M A T IC ON, N OR MA L I N I T I A LD E L A Y , A ND N OR M AL T Y P A H A T I C R A T E

D E L A Y B E T U E E N T H E F I R S T C H A R A CT E R AN DT H E B U R S T O F T V P A H A T I C C H A R S

BY O N E H A L F

I N I T I A L D E LA Y A ND S L O U S T Y P A M A T ICCHARACTERS B Y O N E H A L F

F I R S T C H A R A C T E R IS HONORED AL L OTHERSARE I GNORED

( A L ) = I I N CR EA SE I N I T I A L D ELA Y T H I S IS THE

( A L ) = 2 H A LF -R A TE S L O U S T V P A M A T I C C H AR A CT ER S

( A L ) = 3 C O M B IN E S A L = l AND A L = 2 I N C R E A S ES

( A L ) = 4 T U RN O F F T Y P A H A T I C C H AR A CT E RS O N LY T H E

A L 15 R AN G E C H EC KE D I F A L < O OR A L > 4 T H E S T A T ER E M A I N S T H E S AM E* ** N O TE * ** E A C H T I M E T H E T Y P A M A T I C R A T E S A R EC H AN G ED A L L P R E V I O U S S T A T E S A RE R EM O VE D I E I FTHE KEYBOARD IS I N T H E H a L F R A T E M O D E A ND Y OU U A N TT O AD D A N I N C R E A S E I N T Y P A H A T I C D E L A Y , Y OU M US TC A L L THIS R O U T I N E U l T H A H =3 AND A L = 3

( A L ) = O T U RN O F F K EY B OA R D C L I C K( A L ) = I T UR N ON K EY BO AR D C L I C KA L 15 RANGE CHECKED THE STA TE IS U N AL TE R ED I FA L < > 1 , 0

( A H ) = 4 A D J U S T K E YB O AR D BY T HE V A L U E I N A L A S F O L L OU S

, OUTPUTAS NOTED ABOVE, ONLY AX AND FLAG S CHANGEDA L L R E G I S T E R S R E T A I N E D________________________________________-- - - - - - - - - - - -

K E Y B O A R D - ~ P R O C FA RASSUME CS CODE.DS DATA

S T I

P U S H D SP U S H E XC A L L D D SOR AH,AHJ Z K IDEC AHJ Z K 2DEC AH

J Z K 3J H P S HO RT K J - I

. --- --- READ THE KEY TO F I G U R E O U T U H A T T O DO

I N T E R R U P T S BA C K O NSAVE CURRENT DSS A V E E X T E M P O R A R I L YP O I N T D S A T BIOS DATA SEGMENTAH-0

AS CI I -READAH= I

AS CI 1 -STATUSA H = 2

S H I F T - S T A T U S

K l :

ST I

NOPC LNOV EX, BUFFER-HEAD ,C MP E X , B U F F E R - T A I L ,

J Z K IH O V A X , [ B X IC A LL K 4HOV BUFFER-HEAD, EXJMP SHORT RET-INTI;~

------ A S C I I S T A T U S

K 2

-----K 3

C L I

MOVCMP

HOVS T I

POPPOPR E T

- S H I F THOVJMP

EX, BUFFER-HEAD ,B X , B U F F E R - T A I L ,

A X , t a x iB XD S2

S T A T U SAL, KB-FLAGSHORT RET-IT 16

A S C I I R E A 0I N T E R R U P T S B AC K O N D U R I N G L O O PA L L O U A N I N T E R R U P T TO OCCURI N T E R R U P T S B A C K O F FG E T P O I N T E R T O HEAO OF BUFFERT E S T E N D O F B U F F E RL OO P U N T I L S O M ET H IN G I N B U F FE RGET SCAN CODE AND A S C I I CODEH O V E P O I N T E R T O N E X T P O S I T I O NS TO RE V A LU E I N V A R I A B L E

I N T E R R U P T S O F FGET HEAD POI NTERI F E QU AL ( Z = 1 ) T H E N N O T H I N G T H E R E

I N T E R R U P T S BA C K O NR E C O V E R R E G I S T E RRECOVER SEGMENTTHROW AUAV FLAGS

G ET T H E S H I F T S T A T U S F L A G S

8/12/2019 jrtech


_-__--_D J U S T K E Y C L I C K

K 3 - 1 D EC A HJZ K 3 3D E C A HJ N Z R E T -I N T 16 , I L L E G A L F U N C T I O N C A L LOR AL, AL , T U R N O F F K E Y B O A R D C L I C K ?J N Z K 3 - 2 J U M P F O R R AN G E C H E C K

J H P S HO RT R E T - I N T I 6

J N E R E T I N T I 6 N OT I N R ANG E, R E TU R N

J H P S HO RT R E T - I N T I 6

AND KE-FLAG-I, AND-HA~K-CLICK-ON , TURN OFF CLCK

KB-FLAG-I,CLICK-~N TURN ON KEYBOARD CLICK

K3-2 CHP AL, 1 , RANGE CHECK

OR

------ S E T T Y P A H A T I Ck3-3 C H P A L . 4 , CHECK FOR CORRECT RANGE

J G R E T - I N T I 6 , I F I L L E G A L V AL UE I N A L IG N OR EAND KE-FLAG-2 , OF lH , M A S K O F F A N Y O L D T Y P A H A T I C S T A T E SS H L A L , 1 , S H I F T T O P RO PE R P O S I T I O NOR KE-FLAG-2, AL

P O P E X , RECOVER REGI STERPOP OS , R E C O V E R R E G I S T E RI R E T , R E T U R N TO C A L L E R

R E T - I N T 16

KEYBOARD 10 ENDP

14 F142I1423142514271429142814301432

FE CC74 L AFE CC75 25.OA CO75 07BO 26 0018 R F EE B I A3c 0 1

1434 75 161436 BO OE 0018 R 04

1438 E E O F

1430 3 C 04143F 7F OB1441 EO 26 0088 R F I1446 DO EO1448 08 06 0088 R

1 4 4 C1 4 4 C 5B

1440 I F144E C F144F

144F144F 431450 431451 38 I E 0082 R1455 75 041417 EE I E 0080 R

1458 C 31 4 5 C

1 4 5 C1 4 5 C 521450 3 A 45 46 38 I D1 4 6 2 2 A 36= OOOE

14641464 EO1465 4 0 20 10 OE 0 41 4 6A 0 2 01

1 4 6 C 1E FF 00 FF FF FFI E F F

1 4 7 4 FF FF FF I F FF 7 FFF I1

1 4 7 C 17 05 I 2 14 19 1509 O F

1484 10 I E I D OA F F 0 1

131488 04 06 07 08 OA OB

OC F F F F1494 FF FF I C I A 18 03

16 0 214 9C OE OD FF FF F F FF

FF F F1 4 A4 2 0 FF

1 4 A 61 4 A 6 5 E I F 60 6 1 6 2 63

6 4 651 4A E 6 6 67 FF F F 77 FF

1486 73 F F 7 4 F F 75 F F

14EE F F

1 4 E F1 4 E F 18 3 1 32 33 34 35

36 37 38 39 30 2 03 0 OE 09

1 4 C E 7 1 77 65 7 2 74 7975 69 6 F 70 5E 5 D00 FF 6 1 73 6 4 6 66 7 68 6 A 68 6 C 38

271 4 E 7 60 F F SC 7 A 7 8 63

76 6 2 6 E 60 2 C 2 E2 F F F 2 A F F 20

E 4 F F

76 FF

1 4 F E F F

14F914F9 I E 2 1 40 23 2 4 2 5

5 E 2 6 2 A 2 8 2 9 5F

28 08 001508 5 1 57 45 52 54 59

S5 49 4 F 50 78 7 DOD F F 4 1 53 4 4 4 64 7 4 8 4 A 4 8 4 C 3 A22

I 5 2 1 7 E F F 7C 5A 58 435 6 4 2 4 E 40 3 C 3E

3F F F 00 F F 2 0 F F

; AH=), ADJUST TYP AHA TI C: RANGE CHECK FOR AH=4

-I N C R EM E N T A B U F F E R P O I N T E RPROC NEARI N C E X , H OV E TO N E XT U OR D I N L I S TI N C E XCHP EX,EUFFERJND ; AT END OF BUFFER?JNE K 5 ; N O , C O N T I N U EHOV BX,EUFFER-START , Y ES , R E S E T T O B U F F E R B E G I N N I N G

R E TENOPT A B L E O F S H I F T K E Y S AN D M AS K V A L U E SL A B E L B Y T ED E I N S - K E Y ; I N S E R T K E YD ED E L E F T - K E Y , R I G H T - K E YE O U I - K 6S H I F T - M A S K - T A B L EL A B E L B Y T E

CAPS-KEY, NUH-KEY, SCROLL-KEY, ALT-KEY, CTL-KE Y

OB I N S S H I F T . I N S E R T M O D E S H I F T

D ED E L E F TJ H IF T , R I G H T - S H I F TSCAN CODE TABLES I

CA PS-S i i I FT . NUH-SHIF ;, SCRO LL-SHI FT, ALT -SH I FT, CTL -SH I FT

OB

DE

D E 23,s. 1 E . 2 0 . 2 5 . 2 1 . 9 , 15

2 7 , - l , O , -1, -1, - I , 30,-1

- 1 , - I , -1,31, -1, 1 2 7 , - 1 , 17

D E

D E

D E - 1 , - 1 , 2 E , 2 6 , 2 4 , 3 , 2 2 , 2

D E 1 4 , 1 3 , - 1 , - 1 , - 1 , - 1 , - 1 , - 1

DE ' ' . - I

1 6 , 2 7 , 2 9 , 10, -1, I , 19

4 , 6 , 7 , E , 10, 11, 12, - l , - l

.~

. -------- C T L T A B L E S C A NK 9 L A B E L B Y T E

D E

D E

DE

D EL C T A B L E--- --- -;lo L A B E L B Y T E

D E

D E

D E

D EU C T A B L E------

KI I L A B E L B Y T ED E

D E

9 4 , 9 5 , 9 6 , 9 7 , 9 8 , 9 9 , 100, 101

1 0 2 , 103 , -1 , -1 , 119,-1, 1 3 2 , - 1

115, -1, 1 1 6 , -1, 117,-1, 118. - I

- 1

OIEH, ' 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 - = ' , OEH, 0 9 H

'que r t y o I o p C 3 ', DH, -1, 1Sd f g hJ k 1; 0 2 7 H

6 0 H , - 1 , 5 C H , z x c v b n n , . / ' , - I , ' * ' , - I , ' '

- I

2 7 , ' E I L ' , 3 7 , 0 5 E H , '&+( ) -* ' ,08H,O

' O U E R T V U I O P < ) ', ODH, -1, ' A S D F G H J K L : I

D E 0 7 E H , - I , ' : Z X C V E N H < > ? ' , - I ,O , - I , ' ' , - I

8/12/2019 jrtech


15331 5 3 3 5 4 5 5 5 6 5 7 5 e 59

5 A1 5 3 A 5 8 5 C 5 D

1 5 3 01 53 D 6 8 6 9 6A 6 E 6 C1 5 4 2 6 D 6 E 6 F 70 7 1

1 5 4 71 5 4 7 37 3 8 39 2 0 3 4 3 5

3 6 2 8 3 1 3 2 33 302 E

1 5 5 41 5 5 4

1558

1 5 6 I156 I

1 5 6 215631 5 6 41 5 6 51 5 6 61 5 6 71 5 6 81569

4 7 4 e 49 FF 413 FF

4DF F 4 F 5 0 5 1 5 2 5 3

F E5 053

5 1

5 25 65 7I E06

1 5 6 A F C1568 E 8 I 3 8 E R1 5 6 E E A E O

1 5 7 01 5 7 21 5 7 41 5 7 7i 5 7 A1 5 7 D

1 5 8 2

1 5 8 71 5 E C

1 5 E F1 5 E F1 5 9 I

3 C F F7 5 ieeo OOEOe9 0 0 4 8E 8 E 0 3 5 REO 2 6 0017 R FO

EO 2 6 o o i e R OF

eo 2 6 ooee R IFE 9 1 6 4 A R

2 4 7 FOE

1 5 9 2 071 5 9 3 E F 14 5 C R

1 5 9 6 ES oooe1599

1 5 9 E1 5 9 D1 5 9 F

1 5 A 21 5 A 61 5 A B1 5 A D

1 5 A F1 5 8 2

15e4

m e

I S B E

1588

1 5 C O1 5 C 21 5 C 4I 5 C 61 5 C E1 5 C D1 5 D 21 5 D 41 5 D 91 5 0 81 5 0 81 5 D E1 5 E 1

1 5 E I1 5 E 6

F 2 / A E

8 A C 47 4 03E 9 1 6 3 A R

e 1 EF 1 4 5 ~

AE eo2 E : 8 A A 5 1 4 6 4 R

7 5 5 1

E O F C 1073 07

08 2 6 0017 RE 9 1 6 4 A R

F6 0 6 0017 R 04

3 C 5 275 2 2F 6 06 0017 R 08

75 6 0F 6 06 0017 R 2 075 ODF 6 0 6 0017 R 037 4 OD

E8 5 2 3 0E 9 1 7 E C R

F 6 06 0017 R 037 4 F 3

75 7e

1 5 E E

1 5 E C 75 5 Cm e 8 4 2 6 oo ie R

I ~ E E oe 2 6 OOIE R

1 5 F 2 3 0 2 6 0017 R1 5 F 6 3 C 5 2

1 5 F A BE 5 2 0 01 5 F D E 9 1 7 E C R

E.F~ 75 5 0

U C T A B L E S C A N-_---K 1 2 L A B E L B Y TE

DE E 4 , 8 5 , 8 6 , 8 7 , 8 8 , 8 9 , S O

DE 9 1 . 3 2 . 9 3A L T T A B L E S C A N__---

k I 3 L A B E L B Y T EDE

DE

1 0 4 , 105, 106, 1 0 7 , 108

109, 110, 111, 1 1 2 , 113N U M S T A T E T A B L E_ _ _ _ _

k14 L A B E L B Y T ED E ‘ 7 8 9 - 4 5 6 + 1 2 3 0 ’

B A S E C A S E T A B L E-----

K 1 5 L A B E L B Y TEDE 7 1 , 7 2 , 7 3 . - I , 7 5 , - 1 . 7 7

DE - I , 79, EO, ~ 1 , e 2 , 3__-___E Y BO A R D I N T E R R U P T R O U T I N E

K B - IN T P ROC FA RS T I , A L L OW FURTHE R INTE RRUP TSP US H A XP U S H E XP U S H c xP US H DXP US H S IP US H D IP U W D SP U S H E SCL D , F O R W A R D D I R E C T I O NC A L L D D SMOV A H , A L S A V E S C A N C OD E I N A H

CMP A L ,OFFH , I S T H I S A N O V ER RU N C H AR ’J N Z K 1 6 , N O, T E S T FO R S H I F T KE YMOV EX,BOH , DUR A TIO N OF E RROR B E E PMOV CX ,4 8 H , FREQUENCY OF TONECA LL KB-NO1 SE , B U F FE R F U L L B E E PAND KB-FLAG , OFOH , C L E A R A L T , C L R L , L E F T A N D R I G H T

, S H I F T SAND KB-FLAG-1,OFH , C L E A R P O T E N T I A L B R E AK O F I N S , C A P S

, ,N UM A ND S C R O L L S H I F TA N D K E - F L A G - 2 , I F H , C L E A R F U N C T I O N S T A T E SJ M P K 2 6 , E N D O F I N T E R R U P T

___---ES T FOR OVERRUN S CAN CObE FROM KEYBOARD

_____-E S T F OR S H I F T K E Y Sk 16 , T E S T - S H I F T

A N D A L . 0 7 F H , T U RN O FF T H E BR EA K B I TP US H CSP OP E S , E S T A B L I S H A D DR ES S O F S H I F T T A B L EMOV D 1 , O F F S E T K 6 , S H I F T K E Y T A B L E

MOV CX ,K 6 L , L E N G T HRE P NE S CA S B , LOOK THROUGH THE TABLE FOR A

MOV A L ,A H , RECOVER SCAN CODEJ E K 1 7 , J U M P I F M A T CH F O UN DJ M P K 2 5 , I F NO MA TC H, T H E N S H I F T N O T F OU NDS H I F T K E Y F O UN D

MOV A H ,C S K 7 C D I l , GE T MAS K I N TO A HT E S T A L , B O H , TE S T FOR B RE A K K E YJ N Z K 2 3 B R EA K S H I F T F OU ND

CMP A H, S CR OL L -S H IFTJ AE K I E , I F S C R O L L S H I F T O R A B OV E , T O G GL E

, MA TCH

------K I ~ sue DI,OFFSET K ~ + I , ADJUST PTR T O SCAN CODE MA TCH

------ SHIFT MA K E FOUND. DE T E RM~NE ET-OR TOGGLE

K E Y------ PLAIN SHIFT KEY, S E T S H I ~ T ON

------ TOGGLED SHIFT KEY, TEST ;OR IS MAKE R NO T

OR KB-FLAG,AH , T UR N ON S H I F T B I TJ MP K 2 6 I N T E R R U P T R ET U RN

K 18 S H I F T - T O G G L ETEST KB-FLAG, CTL-SHI~T , CHECK CTL SHIFT STATE

J N Z K 2 5 , J UM P I F C T L S T A T ECMP AL, INS-KE Y , C H EC K F O R I N S E R T K E YJ N Z K 2 2 J UM P I F N OT I N S E R T K EYT E S T K B -F L AG , A L T - S H I b T , C H EC K F OR A L T E R N A T E S H I F TJ NZ K 2 5 , J UM P I F A L TE R N AT E S H I F TTEST KE-FLAG, NUM-STATE , CHECK FOR E A S E S TA TEJ NZ K 2 1 , J UM P I F N UM L OC K I S O NT E S T K B -F L AG , L E F T - S H I F T + R I G H T - S H I F TJ Z K 2 2 , J UM P I F B A S E ST A T E

MOV A X , 5 2 3 0 H , P U T O UT A N A S C I I Z ER OJ M P K 5 7 , B UFFE R-F I LL

T E S T K E- FL AG , L E F T - S H I F T + R I G H T - S H I F TJ Z K 2 0 , J U M P N U M E R I C , N OT I N S E R T

K 2 2 , S H I F T T OG GL E K E Y H I T , P RO CE SS I TTEST AH,KE-FLAG-1 , I S K E Y A L R E AD Y D E PR ES SE DJ NZ K 2 6 , J U M P I F K E Y A L R E A D Y D E PR E SS E DOR KB-FLAG-I ,AH , I N D I C A T E TH AT T HE K EY I S

XOR K9-FLAG.AH , T O G G L E T H E S H I F T S T A T ECMP AL , INS-KE Y , T E S T F OR I S T MA KE O F I N S E R T KEYJ NE K 2 6 , J UM P I F N OT I N S E R T K E YMOV A X , INS -K E Y r2 5 6 , S E T S CA N CODE IN TO A H, 0 I N T O A L .J M P K 5 7 , P U T I N T O O U T PU T B U F F E R

K 2 0 , NUME R IC ZE RO, NOT INS E R T K E Y

K 2 1 , M I G H T B E N U M E R I C

, DEPRESSED

8/12/2019 jrtech


16001 6 0 016031605160716081 6 0 D

160F1 6 1 216141618161 A16 C161 F16 F1621162316281 6 2 A

162F

16321 6 3 41638

1 6 3 A1 6 3 A1 6 3 C

1 6 3 E1 6 4 31645

1 6 4 A1 6 4 A1 6 4 816dc16401 6 4 E1 6 4 F1 6 5 016511652

80 F C 1073 I AF 6 D 42 0 2 6 0017 R3 C BE75 38

A 0 0019 R3 2 E 4EE 2 6 0019 ROA CO7 4 2 EE 9 1 7 F 5 R

3 C 8 A75 OFF 6 06 001% R 0 274 08

80 2 6 0018 R F D

E 8 19 90

F 6 0420 2 6 0018 RE E 10

3C EO73 oc

F6 06 OOlE R 08

7 4 OEEO 2 6 0018 R F7

0 7I FS F5 ES A59585 ECF

1 6 5 31653 F 6 06 0017 R 08

1658 75 031 6 5A E 9 1749 R

1 6 5 01 6 5 0 F6 06 0017 R 041662 74 6 91664 3 C 531666 75 09

1668 C 7 06 0 0 7 2 R 1 2 3 41 6 6E E 9 0 0 4 3 R1671 3 C 521673 75 09

1675 C 7 06 0 0 7 2 R 4 3 2 11678 E 9 0043 R1 6 7 E 3 C 3 A1680 75 13

1682 F6 06 0018 R 0 21687 75 C l

1689 EO 36 O O l E R 04

1 6 E E EO OE O O l E R 0 21693 E 8 E 51695 3 C 4 01697 75 121699 E E 1 E 6 E R

1 6 9 C 3 C F C

1 6 9 E 7 C A AlOI0 F E O E 0089 R1 6 A 4 F E C El 6 A 6 E E l E 7 A R1 6 A 9 E 8 14

l 6 A E 3 C 4 81 6 A D 75 I E1 6 A F E 8 1 E 6 E R

1682 I C 0 4

1684 7F 9 41686 F E 06 0089 R1 6 E A F E C O

1 6 8 C E E 1 E 7 A R

B R E A K S H I F T F O U N D

CMP AH,SCROLL-SHIFT , I S T H I S A T OG GL E KE YJ A E K 2 4 , YES, HANDLE BREAK TOGGLENOT AH , I NVERT MASKAND KE-FLAG, AH , T UR N O F F S H I F T B I TCMP AL,ALT-KEY+EOH , IS T H I S A L T E R N A T E S H I F T R E L EA S EJ N E K 2 6 I N TE R R U PT - RE T U R N

MOV AL, ALT - I NPUTXOR AH, AH , SCAN CODE OF 0

MOV ALT- INPUT, AH , ZERO O U T T H E F I E L DOR AL,AL

,U A S T H E I N P U T = D ?

J E K 2 6 , INTERRUPT-RETURNJ M P K 5 E , I T U A SN ‘T , SO P U T I N B U FF E R

CMP AL , CAPS-KEV+EREAK-B I T , SPECI AL CASE OF TOGGLE KEYJ N E K 2 4 1 JUMP AROUND PO TE NT I AL UPDATE

J Z K 2 4 - 1 J UM P I F N OT S P E C I A L C AS EAND

J M P K 2 6 , I N T ER R U P T I S O VERBREAK OF NORMAL TOGGLE

AND KB-FLAG-1,AH , I N DI CA TE NO LONGER DEPRESSEDJ M P S HO RT K 2 6 , I NTERRUPT-RETURNT E S T F O R H O L D S T A T E

CMP AL,BOH , TEST FOR BREAK KEYJ A E K 2 6 , NOTHI NG FOR BREAK CHARS FROM HERE

T E S TJ Z U 2 E B RA NC H A RO UN D T E S T I F N OTAND

------k 2 3 , BREAK-SHI FT-FOUND

------ ALTERNATE SHIFT K E Y RELEASED, GET THE VALUE INTO BUFFER

K 2 4 , BREAK-TOGGLE

TEST KE-FLAG-~,L CK-~EOUENCE

KE-FLAG-I, AND-MA kK-CL1 CK-SEOUENCE , MASK OFF MAKE, O F C L I C K

------k24-1 NOT AH , I N V E R T M A S K

------k25 , NO-SHI FT-FOUND

ONKE-FLAG_l,HOLD-S;4TE , ARE WE I N WOLD S TAT E?

KEJLAG- l ,NOT HOLD-STATE , TURN OFF THE HOLD STATE, B I T

K 2 6 , I NTERRUPT-RETURNPOPPOPPOPPOPPOPPOPPOPPOPI E 7

E SD SD IS ID Xcx8 XAX

H O LD S T A T E , T E S l

RESTORE STATER E T UR N , I N T E R R U P T S B A C K O N U I T HFLAG CHANGE

NO-HOLD-STATEF O R S P E C I A L C H A R S

T E S T K B -T L A G, A LT - SH I F A RE U E I N A L TE R N A TE S H I F T

J N Z K 2 9 , ;UMP I F A L T E R N A T E S H I F TJ WP K 3 8 J U M P I F NOT ALTERNATE------ TEST FOR ALT+CTRL KEY SE~UENCES

k29 TEST-RESETTEST KB-FLAG,CTL-SHIF+ , ARE UE IN CONTROL SHIFT ALSOJ Z K 3 1 , NO-RESETCMP AL.DEL-KEY , S H I F T S T A T E I S T H ER E , T E S T K E YJ N E K 2 9 - 1 , NO-RESET

MOV RESETJLAG, 12 34 H SET FLA G FOR RESET FUN CTI O NJMP NEAR PTR RESET , ;UMP TO POUER ON DI AG NO ST IC S

J N E K 2 9 - 2 , CHECK FOR OTHER

------ CTL -ALT-D EL HAS BEEN FOUND, DO 110 C L E A N U P

K29-1 CMP AL , I NS-KEY , C HE CK F O R R E S E T U I T H D I A G N O S T I C S

ALT-CTRL-SEQUENCES------ ALT-CTRL- I S HAS SEEN F O ~ N D

M O V R E S E T _ F L A G , 4 3 2 1 H , S E T F L A G F OR D I A G N O S T I C SJMP NEAR PTR RESET , L E V E L 1 D I A G N O S T I C S

J N E K 2 9 3 , CHECK FOR SCREEN ADJUSTMENT

------ ALT+CTRL*CAPSLOC K HAS SEEN FOUNDT E S T K E F L A G 1 . C L I C K S EQ U EN C E

K29-2 CMP AL,CAPS-KEY , CHECK FOR KEYEORAD CL I CK TOGGLE

J N Z

XOR

ORJ M P

K29-3: CMPJ N EC A L L

CUP

JL

DECOECC A L LJMP

K29-4: CMPJ N EC A L L

CMP

J G1NCI C

C A L L

K 2 6 - . - J U M P I F S E QU EN CE H A S A L R E A D Y

K B - F L AG - l ,C L l C K -O N T O GG L E E I T F O R A U D I O K E Y S T R O K E

KB-FLAG-l,CLICK-SEQUENCE SET CL ICKJEQUENCE STA TE

AL,RIGHT-ARROU , A D J U S T S C R E E N T O T H E R I G H T 7K 2 9 - 4 , L O O K F O R R I G H T A D J U S T M E N TGET-POS , GET THE t OF P O S I T I O N S SC RE EN I S

AL,O-RANGE . I S SC R EE N S H I F T E D A S F AR A S

K 2 6 , OUT OF RANGEHORZ-POS , S H I F T V A L U E TO T H E R I G H T

A L , DECREASE RANGE VALUEPUT-POS , RESTORE STORAGE LOCATI ONSHORT K 2 9 5 , A D J U S T

AL.LEFT-ARROU , A D J U S T S R E E N T O T H E L E F T ?K 31 , NOT AN ALT-CTRL SEQUENCEGET-POS , G ET N UM EE R O F P O S I T I O N S S CR EE N I S

AL, RANGE , IS S C R E E N S H I F T E D A S F A R A S

K 2 6HORZ-POS , S H I F T S CR EE N TO T H E L E F TA L , I N C R E A S E NU M 8E R O F P O S I T I O N S

PUT-POS , P U T P O S T I O N B A C K I N S TO R AG E

, OCCURED

, FLEDBACK

S H O R T K 2 6 , INTERRU~T IS OVER

, S H I F T E D

, P O S S I B L E ?

. S H I F T E D

, P O S S I B L E ’

, S CR EE N I S S H I F T E D

8/12/2019 jrtech


l6EF EO 021 6 C 1 B A 0 3 D 4

1 6 C 4 E EI 6 C 5 A 0 0089 R1 6C E 4 21 6 C 9 EE1 6 C A E 9 1 6 4 A R

1 6 C D1 6 C D 3 C 391 6 C F 75 2 91 6 D 1 BO 2 01 6 D 3 E 9 1 7 EC R

1 6 D 61 6D 6 5 2 4 F 50 5 1 4 8 4 C

401 6 D D 4 7 4 8 4 9

1 6 E O 10 I 1 1 2 13 1 4 I 516 17

1 6 E E 18 19 1E I F 2 0 2 12 2 2 3

1 6F O 2 4 2 5 2 6 2C 2 0 2 E2 F 30

1 6 F E 3 1 3 2

1 6 F A1 6 F A B F 1 6 D 6 R1 6 F D 8 9 OOOA1700 F 2 / A E1 7 0 2 75 13

1 7 0 4 E 1 E F 1 6 D 7 R1 7 0 8 A 0 0019 R1708 E 4 OA1700 F6 E 41 7 0 F 03 C 71711 A 2 0019 R1714 E 9 1 6 4 A R

1717

1717 C 6 06 0019 R 00

1 7 1 C E9 0011

1 7 1 F F 2 / A E1 7 2 1 75 051 7 2 3 32 CO1 7 2 5 E 9 1 7 EC R

1 7 2 8

1 7 2 8 3 C 0 21 7 2 A 7 2 OC1 7 2 C 3 C O E1 7 2 E 73 08

1730 E O C 4 7 6

1733 32 CO1735 E 9 1 7 E C R

1 7 3 81738 3 C 381 7 3 A 73 0 3

1 7 3 C1 7 3 C E 9 1 6 4 A R173F173F 3 C 471741 73 F9

1 7 4 3 E B l S 3 D R1 7 4 6 E 9 1 8 6 3 R

17491749 F6 0 6 0017 R 0 41 7 4 E 7 4 34

175017521 7 5 417581 7 5 D1 7 5 F176 I

17631766

1 7 6 A1 7 6 D

3 C 4 67 5 19EE I E O O IA RC 6 0 6 0 0 7 1 R EOCD 182 E COE 9 07E 8 1 4 4 F RE9 I E O O lC RE9 1 6 4 A R

1 7 6 D 3 C 371 7 6 F 75 061771 B E 7 2 0 0

1 7 7 4 EE 76 90

K 2 9 -5 MOV A L ,2 , A D J U S T

MOV DX ,3 D4 H , ADDRESS TO CRT CONTROLLEROUT DX ,A LMOV AL, HORZ-POS , C O L U M N P O S I T I O NI N C D X , P O I N T A T D A T A R E G I S T E RO U T D X , A L , M O V P O S I T I O NJ M P K 2 6

------ I N AL T E R NA T E S H I F T , R E S ET N O T F OU NDK 3 , NO-RESET

C M P A L . 5 7 , T E S T F O R S P A C E K E YJ N E K 3 2 , NOT THEREMOV A L , ' ' , SET SPACE CHARJ M P K 5 7 , B U F F E R - F I LL----- A L T - I N P U T - T A B L E

K 3 0 L A B E L B Y TED E 8 2 . 7 9 , E O, El, 7 5 , 7 6 , 7 7

D E 7 1 , 7 2 . 7 3 , 10 NUMBERS ON KEYPADS U P E R - S H I F T - T A B L ED E 16, 17, 1 8 , IS, 0 , 2 1 , 2 2 , 2 3 , A - 2 TY P E WRITE R CHA RS

D E 2 4 , 2 5 , 3 0 , 3 1 , 3 2 , 3 3 , 3 4 , 3 5

D E 3 6 , 3 7 , 3 E , 4 4 , 4 5 . 4 6 , 4 7 , 4 8

------

D E 49,50L OOK FOR K E Y P A D E NTRY

MOV D1 ,OFFS E T K 3 O ,MOV CX, 10

RE P NE S CA S EJ NE K 3 3

S U E D 1 ,O F F S ET K 3 O + I ,MOV A L ,A L T- INP UT ,MOV AH, 10

MUL AHADD AX,DIMOV A L T - I N P U T , A L ,J M P K 2 6

------K 3 2

----_- OOK FOR SUPERSHIFT ENTR;

;33MOV A L T- INP UT.0 ,

MOV C X , 2 6RE P NE S CA S EJ NE K 3 4X OR A L .A L

A L T-K E Y -P A DA L T - I N P U T - T A B L EL OOK FOR E NTRY US ING K E Y P A DLOOK FOR MATCHNO-ALT-KEYPAD

D I N O U H A S E N T R Y V A L U EGE T THE CURRE NT B Y TEM U L T I P L Y BY 10

AD D I N TH E L A T E S T E N T R YS TO R E I T A U AYTHROU A UA Y THA T K E Y S TROK E

NO-A L T-K E Y P A DZ E R O A NY P R E V I O U S E N T R Y I N T OI N P U TD 1 , E S A L RE AD Y P O I N T I N GL O O K FO R M A TC H I N A L P H A B E TNOT FOUND, FU NC TIO N KEY OR OTHERA S C I I C OD E OF Z ER O

J M P K 5 7 , P UT I T I N TH E BU FF ER-----_ L O O K F O R T O P R O W O F A L T E R N I T E S H I F T

K 3 4

C M P A L . 2J B K 3 5CMP A L , 1 4J A E K 3 5ADD AH, 118

XOR AL,ALJ M P K 5 7

-__--_R A N S L A T E A L T E R N A T E SHf F;K 3 5

C M P A L . 5 9J A E K 3 7

J M P K 2 6

C M P A L , 7 1J A E K 3 6MOV E X, OF FS ET K I 3 ,J M P K 6 3

K 3 6

K 3 7

----_- N OT I N AL T ER N AT E S H I F TK 3 8

ALT-TOP-ROU

K E Y U I T H' I '

ON I TN OT O NE OF I N T E R E S T I N G K E Y SI S I T I N T HE R EG IO N?A L T - F U N C T I O NCONVERT PSUEDO SCAN CODE TO

I N D I C A T E A S SU C HBUFFER-F 1LL

P S E UDO S CA N CODE SA L T - F U N C T I O NT E ST F O R I N T A B LEA L T - C O N T I N U ECLOSE-RETURNIGNORE THE K E YA L T - C O N T I N U EI N K E YP AD R E G I O NI F SO, I G N O R EA L T S H I F T P S E U D O S C A N T A B L ET R A N S L A T E T H A T

RANGE

N O T - A L T - S H I F T. A RE U E I N CO N TR O L S H I F T ?

_ _TEST KB-FLAG, C T L S H I F ~

J Z K 4 4 NOT-CTL -S HIFT------ CONTROL SHIFT, TEST SPEC; AL C H A R A C T E R S------ TEST FOR BREAK AND PAUSE KEYS

CMPJ N EMOVMOVI TS U BMOVC A L LMOVJMP

T E S T

CMPJ N EMOVJMP

AL, SCROLL-KEY ,K 4 I

EX, BUFFER-HEAD ,B IOS -B RE A K . EOH ,IEH

AX, AXCE X I , A XK 4B U F F E R - T A I L , B X ,K 2 6

S P E C I A L C A S E K E Y 5 5 '

A L , 55K 4 2A X , 1 1 4 U 2 5 6 ,K 5 7

TE S T FOR B RE A KNO-BREAKGE T CURRE NT B UFFE R HE A DT U RN O N E I OS - ER E A K B I TB RE A K INTE RR UP T V E CTORPUT OUT DUMMY CHARACTERPUT DUMMY CHAR AT BUFFER HEADU P D A T E B U F F E R P O I N T E RU P D A T E T A I LD ON E U I T H I N T E R U P TNO-PAUSE

N O T - K E Y - 5 5S T A R T IS T O P P R I N T I N G S U I T C HB U F F E R - F I L L

8/12/2019 jrtech


17771777 8 B 1 4 6 C R1 7 7 A 3 C 38

1 7 7 C 72 6 A

1 7 7 E 86 1 4 A 6 R1 7 6 1 E 9 1 8 6 3 R

1 7 8 41 7 8 4 3 C 4 71 7 8 6 73 I F1 7 6 6 F 6 06 0 0 1 7 R 03

1 7 B D 7 4 4 E

1 7 6 F 3 C O F .1791 75 0 51793 BE O F 0 01796 E B 5 41796

1 7 9 8 3 C 381 79 A 7 2 0 61 7 9 C EB 1533 R1 7 9 F E 9 1 6 6 3 R1 7 A 21 7 A 2 BE 1 4 F 9 R1 7A 5 E 6 4 1

1 7 A 71 7 A7 F 6 06 0 0 1 7 R 2 01 7 A C 75 2 1

1 7 AE F 6 0 6 0017 R 03

1783 75 2 1

17851 7 8 5 3 C 4 A1 7 8 7 7 4 OC1769 3 C 4 E1 7 8 8 7 4 OD

1 7B D 2 C 4 7178F BE 1 5 5 4 R1 7 C 2 E 9 1 8 6 5 R1 7 C 5 86 4 A 2 D1 7 C 8 E6 2 21 7 C A 86 4 E 2 B1 7C D E 6 ID

1 7 C F1 7C F F 6 0 6 0017 R 03

1 7 D 4 75 D F1 7 D 61 7 D 6 2 C 461 7 D 8 B E 1547 R1 7 D 8 E B OB

1 7 D D1 7 D D 3 C 38

1 7D F 7 2 041 7 E I 3 2 CO1 7 E 3 E B 071 7 E 51 7 E 5 BE 1 4 B F R

1 7 E 81 7 E B F E C 61 7 EA 2 E . 0 7

1 7 E C1 7 EC 3 C F F1 7 E E 74 I F1 7 F O 80 F C FF17F3 7 4 1 A

17F51 7 F 5 F 6 0 6 0 0 1 7 R 401 7F A 7 4 2 0

1 7F C F 6 06 D O 1 7 R 03

1801 7 4 O F

le03 3 C 4 11805 7 2 15

1807 3 C 5 A1809 77 I1

l B O B 04 20l 8 O D E B OD

I B O FI B O F E 9 1 6 4 A R

18 1 21 8 1 2 3 C 6 11 8 1 4 7 2 0 61 8 1 6 3 C 7 A1818 77 0 2l 8 l A 2 C 2 0

------ S E T U P T O T R A N S L A T E C O N T R O L S H I F Tk 4 2 . N O T - K E Y - 5 5

MOV BX, OFFSET KB . S E T U P T O T R A N S L A T E C T LC M P A L . 5 9 , I S I T I N T A B L E ?J B K 5 6 , YES, GO TRA NSLA TE CHAR

H OV E X ,O F F S E T K 9 , C T L T A B L E S C A NJ M P K 6 3 , TRANSLATE-SCAN

, C T L - T A B L E - T R A N S L A T E

------ N OT I N C ON TR OL S H I F Tk 4 4 , N O T - C T L - S H I F T

C M P A L . 7 1 , T E S T F O R KE Y P AD R E G I O NJ A E K 4 6 H A N D L E K EY P AD R E G I O N

J Z K 5 4 T E S T F OR S H I F T S T A TE

CMP AL , 1 5 , BACK TAB KEYJ N E K 4 6 . , N O T - B A C K - T A BM OV A X, 1 5 * 2 5 6 , SET PSEUDO SCAN CODEJ M P S HO R T K 5 7 , B U F F E R - F I LL

C M P A L , 5 9 , F U N C T I O N K E Y SJ B K 4 7 , N O T - U P P E R - F U N C T I O NM OV B X , O F F S E T K 1 2 ~ UPPER CASE PSEUDO SCAN CODESJ M P K 6 3 , TRANSLATE-SCAN

MOV B X ,D F FS ET K I I , P O I N T T O U P PE R C AS E T A B L EJMP SHORT K 56 OK, TRANS LATE THE CHAR

k 4 6 K E YP A D -R E G IO NTE ST KB-FLAG, NUM-STATk ARE WE I N NUM-LOCK7JN Z K 5 2 ;EST FOR SURE

TEST KB-FLAG, LEFT-SHI ~ + R IHT-SHI F T

------ UPPER CASE, HANDLE SPECI~L CASES

K 4 6 ~ N O T - P R I N T - S C R E E N

K 4 7 , N O T - U P P E R - F U N C T I O N

--_--- KEYPAD K E Y S , MUST TEST NGM LOCK FOR DETERMINATION

T E S T KB-FLAG, LEFT-SHI ~ + R IHT-SHI FT , ARE WE IN SHIFT. S T A T EJ N Z K 5 3 - ; I F S H I F T E D , R E A L L Y NU M S T A T E

. - ---- - E A S E C A S E F O R K E Y P A Dk 4 9 : ; B A S E - C A S E

C M P A L , 7 4 ; S P E C I A L C A S E F O R A C O U P L E O F K E Y SJ E K 5 0 ; M I N U SCMP AL , 7BJ E . K 5 1S UB A L . 7 1 ; C O N V E R T O R I G I NM OV E X , O F F S E T K 1 5 ; B A S E C A S E T A B L EJ M P K 6 4 ; CONVERT TO PSEUDO SCA N

J H P S HO RT K 5 7 ; B U F F E R - F I LL

J M P S HO R T K 5 7 . B UF FE R F I L L

K 5 0 : H O V A X , 7 4 * 2 5 6 + ' - ' ; M I N U S

K 5 1 : M DV A X , 7 8 * 2 5 6 + ' + ' ; P L U S

.- ---- - MIGHT BE NUM LOCK. TEST &IFT STETUSALMOST-NUM-STATE

TEST KB-FLAG, LEFT-SHI;T+RIGHTSHIFT

J N Z K 4 9 , S H I F T E D T E M P O U T O F N U M S T A T E

S U E A L , 7 0 , C O N V E R T O R I G I NM OV E X , O F F S E T K 1 4 , N U M S T A T E T A B L EJ M P S H OR T K 5 6 , TRANSLATE-CHARP L A I N O LD L OW ER C A S E

C M P A L , 5 S , T E S T F O R F U N C T I O N K E Y SJB K 5 5 , NOT-LOWER-FUNCTIONXOR AL , AL , S C A N C OD E I N A H A L R EA D YJ M P S H OR T K 5 7 , B U F F E R - F I LL

H OV E X , O FF S E T K I O , L C T A B L ETRANSLATE THE CHARACTER

D E C A L , C O N V E R T O R I G I N 'X L A T C S K 1 1 C ON VE RT T H E S C AN C OD E T O A S C I I

, REALLY-NUM-STATE

, N O T - S H I F T

, NOT-LOWER-FUNCTION

, TRANSLATE-CHAR

PUT CHARACTER INTO BUFF&

, B U F F E R - F I LC M P A L , - I , I S T H I S A N I G N O RE CH AR "J E K 5 9 , YES, D O N O TH IN G W I T H I TCMP AH, -1 , LOOK FOR -1 PSEUDO SCANJ E K 5 9 N E A R -I N TE R R U PT - RE T U R NHANDLE THE CAPS LOCK PROBLEM

T E S TB U F F E R - F I L L - N O T E S T

K E -FL A G, CA P S -S TA ~E , ARE WE IN CAPS LOCK S T A T E ?J Z K 6 1 , S K I P I F N OTI N C A PS L O CK S T A T ET E S T K8-FLAG,LEFT-SHIFT+RIGHT-SHIFT , T E S T F O R S H I F T

S T A T EJ Z K 6 0

CONVERT ANY UPPER CASE TbC MP A L , ' A 'J B K 6 1CMP AL , ' Z 'J A K 6 1

ADD A L, ' a ' - < A 'J M P S HO RT K 6 1

J M P K 2 6------ CONVERT ANY LOWER CASE T b

K 6 0CHP AL, ' a 'J B K 6 1CMP AL, ' 2 '

J A K 6 1S U B A L, ' a ' - ' A '

I F NO T S H I F T , C O NV ER T L OW E R T OUPPERLOWER CASEF I N D O U T I F A L P H A B E T I CN O T - C A P S S T A T E

N O T - C A P S S T A T E

CONVERT TO LOWER CASENOT-CAPS-STATEN E A R - I N T E R R U P T - R E T U R NI N T E R R U P T - R E T U R NUPPER CASELOWER-TO-UPPERF I N D OU T I F A L P HA B E TI CNOT-CAPS-STATE

NOT-CAPS-STATECONVERT TO UPPER CASE

8/12/2019 jrtech


ee IE o o i c Ree ~3

38 IE O O I A . R

B e ooeoe9 0 0 4 8

E 8 1 4 4 F R

75 I D53

E 8 E 0 3 5 RB D 2 6 0017 R F O

eo 2 6 o o i e R OF

eo 26 o o m R 'Fse

74 oe

Be 0001

e9 0010

58e9 04e9 IE o o i c R

E 9 1 6 4 A RF 6 06 0018 R 0 4

53

E 8 E 0 3 5 R

E 9 1 6 4 A R

IB~E

I B ~ F IO 0086 R1 87 2 2 4 FO1874 e l 04

1 8 7 8 5sl e79 c3

1 B b E 51

1876 D 2 F B

1 8 7 1

I B ~ AIW 5 1

1878 e 1 041 8 7 0 D Z EO

IBBJ eo EI OFm e 6 OA CIl e e s A Z 0 0 8 6 Ri e e e 5si e e c c3i e m

? 8 7 F B A OE 0 0 8 6 R

i e m1 e e D 50i e e E ZB co

1890 E 6 13

1892 E 4 6 1

1 8 9 4 B A EO1 8 9 6 eo € 4 90

1 8 9 8 2 4 02

1899 F 6 DO

1 B 9 D OA C4

1 B 9 F OC 10

1 B A I E 6 6 1

1 B A 5 E 6 20I B A ~ eo 20

1 8 1 7 58

i e A e CF1 B A 9

K 6 1 .

MOV

MOVC A L LCMPJ N EP U S HMOVMOVC A L LAND

AND

ANDPOPJMP

K 6 1 - 1 T E S TJ ZP U S HMOVMOVC A L L

POPK 6 1-2. MOV

MOVJ M P

E X , B UFFE R-TA I L ,

K 4BX, BUFFER-HEAD ,K 6 1-1

s i , e x

exex, oeoHcx , 4 B HKB-NO1 SEKB-FLAG. OFOH ,

KB-FLAG-I , OFH ,

K B-FL A G-2, I F H ;ex

NOT-CA P S -S TA TE

GET THE E ND P OINTE R TO THE B UFFE R

S A V E T H E V A L U EA D VA NC E TH E T A I LHAS THE BUFFER URAPPED AROUND?BUFFER-FULL-BEEPS A V E B U F F E R - T A I LD U R A T I O N O F E R RO R B E E PFRE QUE NCY OF E RROR B E E P H A L F TONEO U T P U T N O I S EC L E AR A L T , C L R L , L E F T A N D R I G H TS H I F T SC L E A R P O T E N T I A L B R E AK O F I N S , C A P S,N U M A N D S C R O L L S H I F T

C L E A R F U N C T I O N S T A T E SR E T R I E V E B U FF E R T A I L

K 2 6 ' RETURN FROM INTERRUPTK B -FLA G- I. C L I CK-bNK 6 1-2 , N b , J U S T PU T I N B U FF E Rex , S AV E B U F F E R T A I L V A L UEex, IH , D U R A T I O N O F C L I C KC X , I O H , F R E Q U E N C Y O F C L I C KKB-NO1 SE , OUTP UT A UDIO FE E DB A CK OF K E Y

ex , R E T R I E V E B U F F E R - T A I L V A L U EC S I 1 , A X , S TORE THE V A L UEB U F F E R - T A I L , B X , MOV E THE P OINTE R UPK 2 6 . I N T E R R U P T R E T U R N

IS A U D I O F E E D B A C K E N A B L E D ?

, STROKE

------ TRANSLATE SCAN FOR PSEUDO SCAN CODE^K 6 3 . T R A N S L A T E - S C A N

K 6 4 , TRANSLATE-SCAN-ORGDsue AL,SS , C O NV ER T O R I G I N T O F U N C T I O N K E Y S

X L A T C S K 9 , C T L T A B L E S C A NMOV AH,AL , P U T V A L UE I N T O A HX O R A L , A L , Z ER O A S C I I C OD EJ M P K 5 7 , P U T I T I N T O T HE B U FF ER

K B - I N 1 E N D P

; ET-POST H I S R O U TI N E U l L L S H I F T T HE V A LU E S TORED I N TH E H I G H N I B B L EO F T H E V A R I A B L E V A R- D EL A Y T O T H E L O U N I B B L E .

NONE I T IS A SS UM ED T H A T D S P O I N T S A T T H E B I O S DA TA A RE A

A L C O N T A I N S T H E S H I F T E D V A L U E .

; N P U T

;OUTPUT

8ET-POS PROC NEARP U S H cx , S A V E S H I F T R E G I S T E RMOV AL ,BY TE PTR VAR-DELAY , GE T S TORA GE L OCA TIONA ND A L ,OFOH , M AS K O F F L O U N I B B L EMOV CL,4 , S H I F T O F FO UR B I T P O S I T I O N SS A R A L , C L , S H I F T T H E V A LU E S I G N E XT E N D EDPOP cx , RE S TORE THE V A L UER E T

GET-POS ENDP..................................................................

, UT-POST H I S R O U TI N E U l L L T AK E T HE V AL UE I N L O U ORD ER N I B B L E I NA L A N D S T O R E I T I N T HE H I G H O RD ER O F V AR -D EL AY

, N P U TA L C O N T A I N S T H E V A L U E F O R S T O R A G E

,OUTPUTNONE

6UT-POS PROC NEAR

..................................................................

P US H CX , S A V E R E G I S T E RM O V C L , 4 , S H I F T C O U N TS H L A L , C L , P U T I N H I G H O RDER N I B B L EMOV CL ,BY TE PTR VAR-DELAY , G E T D A T A B Y T E

A N D C L , O F H , C L EA R O LD V AL U E I N HIGH N I B B L EOR AL , CL , C O M B I N E HIGH AN D L O U N I B B L E SM OV B Y T E P T R V AR -D EL AY A L P U T I N P O S I T I O N

R E TPOP c x , ~ E S T ~ R EEGISTER

PUT-PO5 ENDP

, M A N UF A CT U RI NG A C T I V I T Y S I G N A L R O U T I N E - INV OK E D THROUGH THE T IME R, T I C K R O U T I N E D U R I N G M A N U F AC T R U IN G A C T I V I T I E S ( A C CE S S ED T HR OU GH, I N 1 I C H )

___________-____________________________----------

________________________________________----------MFG-TI CK

PUSHsue

OUTI N

MOVAND

NOTAND

OR

OROUTMOVOUTPOPI R E 1

MFG-T I CK

PROC FARAXAX, AX

I J H , A LAL , PORT-B

A H, A LAH, iooiiioie ,

AL, oooooo ioe ,AL

AL, AH

AL, ooo i ooooe ,PORT-6, ALA L , 20H

ZOH, A LAX

ENDP

SEND A 00 TO PORT 13 A S AA C T I V I T Y S I G N A L

F L I P SP EA KE R D A T A T O O P P O S IT ES E N S E

S A V E O R I G S E T T I N GMAKE SURE MUX IS - > R I G H T A N DI S O L A T E SP E AK ER B I TFLIP ALL e l i sISOLATE SPEAKER D A T A B I T (NOU IN

O P P O S I T E S E N S E )C O M B IN E U l T H O R I G . D A T A FR OMPORT BAN D D I S A B L E I N T E R N A L S PE A K ER

E O 1 TO I N T R . C H I P

8/12/2019 jrtech


I B A ~I B A ~ so1 B A A E l 0 41BAC 0 2 E E1 BA E E 8 1 8 8 4 R

1 8 8 2 2 4 OFl e e t SE

I B E ~1 8 8 4 04 90

IBE~ 2 7

m a 7 14 40

ma9 2 7

m e a a 4 OE

I B E AI E E A 53

l B BD E 7 00l B 8 F C D 10l B C l 58

l a c 2 c 3l a c 3l a c 3I E C 3

l a c 3

lace 74 0 1

I E C 3 2 8 D 2I B CS F 6 C S 0 4

1 BC A 4 2

I E C B OA E 4I B C D 7 4 4 1I B C F F E CCl B D l 7 4 I D

IBDS 7 5 161803 FE cc

I B D ~ soIEDE a 4 03

1 B D A CD 1 41 8 D C EB 1 9 2 5 R

I B D F 58

l a E O OA F 6

1 E E 4 # A E 6IBE~ 7 4 0 7

I B E ~ eo € 4 FE

1 a ~ 9 EE 0 21 B E B E 4 90

I E E D E 9 F OO D R

I B F O BE F 2I B F 2 A 0 0 0 7 8 R1 E F 5 0 4 OAI B F 7 EB E 4 0 0 7C RI E F B 501 8 F C E O 87

I B F E 2 A E 41900 CD 1 41 9 0 2 E 8 1 9 2 5 R

190s 58

1906 8 A E 61 9 0 8 OA E 4

1 9 0 A 7 4 E l1 9 0 C E 4 A B1 9 0 E E E DO

AL MUST CONTAI N NUMBER TO BE CONVERTEDA X AND ax DE S TRO Y E O_ _ _ - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ - - - - - _ _ _ _ - - - _ - - - - - _ - _ _ _ _ - - _ - _ - _

~ P C - B Y T EP U S HMOVSHRC A L LPOPAND

XLAT-PR PROCADDDAA

ADC

DAAPRT-HEX PROC

P U S HMOVMOVI NTPOPR E T

PRT-HEX ENOPXLAT-PR ENDP

PROC NEARAXCL. 4A L . C LXLAT-PRAXA L , O F H

NEARA L , 0 9 0 H

A L , 0 4 0 H

NEAR

A H, 1 4BH. 0

I O HE X

ax

S A VE FO R L O U N I B B L E D I S P L A YS H I F T C O U N TN I B B L E S U A PD O THE HIGH N I B B L E D I S P L A YR E C O V E R T H E N I E B L EI S O L A T E T O L O U N I B B L EF A L L I N T O L O U N I E E L E C O N VE R SI ONC O NV ER T 0 0 - O F T O A S C I I C H A R A C TE RA DD F I R S T C O N V E R S I O N F A C T ORADJUST FOR NUMERI C AND ALPHARANGEADO CO NVERSI ON AND ADJUST LOUN I E E L EA D J U S T HIGH N I B B L E T O A S C I I R AN GE

D I S P L A Y C HA RA CT ER I N A L

C A L L V I D E O - I O

x P c-iiv T E

,CONTROL IS P A S S E D H E R E U H E N T H E R E A R E N O P A R A L L E L P R I N T E R S, A TT A C H E D C X H A S E P U I P M E N T F L A G ,D S P O I N T S A T D AT A ( 4 0 H O, D E T E R M I N E U H I C H R S 2 3 2 C AR D ( 0 , l ) TO USER E P R I N T P R O C N E A REl -A SUE DX, DX , ASSUME TO USE CARD 0

ENDP

T E S T C H . 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 E , U N L E S S T H ER E A RE T U 0 C A RD SJ E E10-1 , I N U H I C H C AS E,I NC OX , USE CARD I

, O E T E R M IN E U H I C H F U N C T I O N IS B E I N G C A L L E D810-1 OR AH,AH ,T ES T FOR AH = 0

JZ a12 , GO P R I N T C H A RDEC AH , TE ST FOR AH = 1

J Z 811 ,GO D O I N l TDEC AH , TE ST FOR AH 2J N Z S H OR T 8 1 0 - 3 ,IF N O T V A L I D , R E T U RN

,E L S E, G E T S T A T U S FR O M R S 2 3 2 PO R T

P U S H A X . S A V E A LMOV AH .03 H ,US E THE GET COMMO PORT

I N T 0 1 4 H , ST A T U S F U NC T IO N OF I N T I 4C A L L F A K E , F A K E U l L L M A P ER R OR B I T S F RO M

, RS232 TO CORRESPONDI NG ONES, O R T H E P R I N T E R

POP AX , RESTOR E ALOR D H . O H , C H EC K I F A NY F L A G S U ER E S ETJ Z 8 1 0 - 2MOV AH, DH , MOVE FAK E0 ERROR CO ND I TI O N TO AHAND AH,OFEHJMP SHORT 810-3 ,THEN RETURN

e i o - 2 MOV A H . O ~ O H , M OV E I N S T A T U S F OR ' C O R R E C T '

8 1 0 -3 J MP E 1, I N I T COMMO P O R T --- D X H A S U H I C H C AR D T O I N I T, M OV E T I M E O UT V A L U E F RO M P R I N T E R T O R S 2 3 2 T I M E O UT V A L U EE l l MOV S I . D X .SI G E T S O F F S E T I N T O T H E T A B L E

, RETURN

MOVADOMOVP U S HMOV

SUEI N TC A L L

POPMOVOR

J EMOVJMP

AL; PR NT-TI M-OUT'AL, OAH , I N C R E A S E D E L A YR S 2 3 2 - T l M - O U T C S I 1 , A LA X , S A V E A LAL, O B ~ H , S E T I N I T F OR 1 2 0 0 B AU D

8 B I T URD L N GN O P A R I T Y2 ST OP B I T S

AH, AH , AH=O IS COMMO I N I T F U N C T I O N0 1 4 H , 0 0 l N l TF A K E , F A K E W I L L M AP E RR OR B I T S F RO M

, R S 2 3 2 TO CORRESPONDING ONES,F O R T H E P R I N T E R

A X , R E S T O R E A LAH, D H ,IF DH IS RETURNED ZERO, MEAN I NGA H, A H , N O E R RO R S R E T U RN I T F O R T H A T ' S T H E

, ' COR REC T' RETURN FROM AN ERROR, F RE E I N I T

E 10-3AH, OA8HS H OR T 8 1 0 - 3 , T H E N R E T U RN

8/12/2019 jrtech


1910 so1911 84 011913 CD 141915 E B 1925 R

I s l e 58

1919 OA F61918 74 04

1910 B A E 619IF E B C C1921 84 10

1923 E B C B192s

19251921 32 F61927 F6 C 4 1 E

1 9 2 A 74 03

1 9 2 C 86 OB

192E C 3l92F F6 C 4 BO1932 74 021934 BO 091976 C 3

1937

1977

1977 3 C 0 1

1939 74 101938 3 C IO1 9 3 D 74 06193F E B E D l B R

1942 CD 091944 C F19451945 BO OE 0017 R 041 9 4 A C F19481948 F6 06 0017 R 0419so 74 29

195219571958

1959I 9 S A1 9 5 B19sc19SF1962196619671968

1 9 6 A

C 6 06 0017 R 00

I E07I EOEI FBE 1903 RB F O O l E R89 OOOF 90

ACA BE 2 F CI F

1968 C 7 06 O O I A R O O l E R1971 C 7 06 O O l C R 0 0 3 C R

1977 E 8 E O l B R1 9 7 A C F19781978 E B E O l B RI 9 7 E 89 20001981 F F E l

19831983 4 C 4F 4 1 4 4 20 22

43 4 1 53 31 3 A 22

2 c 521991 OD= OOOF1 9 9 2

, P R I N T C HA R TO S E R I A L P O R T

,DX = R S 2 3 2 CARD TO B E USE D A L HA S CHAR TO BE P R I N T E D

812 P U S H A X , S A V E A LM O V A H , O l , I IS S E ND A CHA R DOUN COMMO L I N EI N 1 014H .SEND THE CHARC A L L F A K E , F A K E U I L L M AP ER RO R B I T S FR OM

, R S 2 3 2 T O C O R R E S P O N D IN G O N E S, O R T H E P R I N T E R

P OP A X ,RE S TORE A LOR DH,DH ,S E E I F NO E RRORS UE RE RE TURNE DJ Z 812-1MOV A H,DH , I F THE RE UE RE E RRORS , RE TURN THE MJMP SHORT 810-3 , A N D R E T U R N

812-1 M OV A H , O l O H , P U T ' C OR R E C T' R E T U R N S T A T U S I N A H

JMP SHORT 810-3 , A N D R E T U R NR E P R I N T E N O P

, T O TH OSE ' L I K E T H A T ' O F A N I N T I 7 C A L L, B R E A K , F R A M I N G , P A R I T V . O V E R R U N ERRORS ARE LOGGED AS 110

,E RRORS A ND A T I M E OUT IS M OV ED TO T HE A P P R O P I A T E B I TFA K E P ROC NE A R

,THIS PROC MAPS THE ERRORS RETURNED FROM A B I O S NTM CALL

XOR D H . D H , C L E A R F A K E D S T A T U S F L A G ST E S T A H . O l I I 1 O B , C HE C K F O R B R E A K . F R A M I N G , P A R I T Y

, VERRUNJ Z 813-1 , ER R O R S I F N O T T H E N C HE CK FO R

, T I M E O U TMOV DH, O l O O O B , SE T B I T 3 T O I N D I C A T E ' I 1 0 E R R O R 'R E T , A N D R E T U R N

J Z 813-2 . I F N O T T I M E OU T, R E T U R NMOV DH.0 9 H , I F T I M E O U T

813-1 TE S T A H,OBOH ,TE S T FOR T I M E OUT E RROR RE TURNE D

813-2 R E T

F A K E E N D P

,NE Y - I L IT9. . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . .

T H I S R O U T I N E IS T H E I N T E R R U P T 9 H A N D L E R U H E N T H E M A C H I N E ISF I R S T P O U ER ED O N AN D C A S S E T T E B A S I C IS G I V E N C ON TR OL I THA NDL E S THE F IRS T K E Y S TROK E S E NTE RE D FROM THE K E Y B OA RD A NDPERFORMS "SPEC I A L " A C T I O N S A S F O L L O U S

I F E S C IS T H E F I R S T K E Y E N E TE R E D M I N I - U E L C D M E ISE X E C U T E D

E X E CU T E D G I V I N G T H E U S E R TH E A B I L I T Y T O BO OTF R O M C A S S E T T E

IF CTRL-ESC I S TH E FIRST SEQU ENCE "LOAD CAS ,R" IS

A FTE R T HE S E K E Y S TROK E S OR A FTE R A NY OTHE R K E Y S TROK E S THEI N T E R R U P T 9 VECTOR 15 C HA NC ED T O P O I N T A T T H E R E A LI N T E R R U P T 9 R O U T I N E

..................................................................LEU-INT-S PROC FAR

CMP AL, 1 , IS T H I S A N E S CA P E K E Y 7

J E ESC-KEY , JUMP I F A L Z E S C A P E K E YC M P A L . 2 9 , E L S E , IS T H I S A C O N T R O L K EY 'J E C T R L K E Y J UM P I F A L =CONTROL K E YCALL REAL~VECTOR-SET& , OTHERUISE, INTALZE REAL. I N 1 9 VECTORI N 1 9 HI R E T

OR K B -FL A G, 0 4 HI R E T

T E S T K B -F L AG , 0 4 HJ E E S C-ONL Y

;CONTROL E S CA P E HA S OCCURED, P U l, L O A D

MOV KB-FLAG, 0P U S H D SP O P ES

P U S H D SP U S H C SP O P D S

CTRL-KEY.

ESC-KEY:

P A S S T H E S CA N CO DE I N A LRETURN T O INTERRUPT 4 8 ~

T U RN O N C T R L S H I F T I N K B- FL AGR E T U R N T O I N T E R R U P T

H A S C O N T R O L S H I F T O C C U R E D ?NO. E S CA P E ONL Y

M E SS AC E I N B U F FE R F O R C A S S E T T E

ZE RO OUT CONTROL S TA TE

I N I T I A L I Z E E S F OR BIOS D A T AS A V E OL D DSP O I N T D S A T C O DE S E G M EN T

MOV S1 ,OF FS ET CAS-LOAD , GET MESSAGEM OV D I , O F F S E T K B -B U F FE R P O I N T A T K E VB O A RD B U F F E RMOV CX,CAS-LENGTH . LELGTH F CASSETTE MESSACE

T L O O P L O DS B , G E T A S C I I C H A RA C T ER F R O M M E S SA G ESTOSU , P U T I N K EY BO A RD B U F F E R

P OP D S R E T R I E V E B I O S DATA SEGMENT------ I N I T I A L I Z E Q UE UE SO M E S S k E U l L L B E R EM OVED F ROM B UF FE R

MOV BUF FER-H EA0,O FFSE T KB-BUFFERM O V B U F F E R - T A I L , O F F S E T KB-BUFFER*CCAS-LENCTHWZ)

LOOP 1-LOOP

.................................................................., *WNOTEW**

I T IS A S SUMED THA T THE L E N GTH OF THE CA S S E T TE ME S S A GE ISL E S S T H A N OR E Q U A L TO T H E L E N G T H OF T H E B U F F E R I F T H I S ISN O T T H E C A S E T H E B U F F E R U I L L E V E N T U A L L Y C ON SU M E M EM O RY

CA L L RE A L -V E CTOR-S E TUPI R E T

CA L L RE A L -V E CTOR-S E TUPM O V C X , M I N IJMP CX ENT ER THE UDRLD OF KEYBOARD CAPER

K E Y S E QUE NCE~ A S - L O A D L A B E L B Y T E

D B ' LO A D " C A S 1 s o , R '

..................................................................

ESC-ONLY

------ MESSAGE FOR OUTPUT UHEN ~ O N T R O L - E S C A P E IS ENTERED A S FIRST

D B 13CA S -L E NGTH E QU I - C A S L D A DNEU-I NT-9 ENDP

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8/12/2019 jrtech


I A O CI A O C 9 Cl A O D 53I A O E F Al A O FI A O F 83 01

l A l l EB FF31 R

1 A 1 4 E 2 F El A 1 6 F E CA1 A 1 B 75 F51 A l A E 2 F El A 1 C E 2 F El A 1 E 5El A l F 901 A 2 0 C 31 A 2 1

E O 0 0

EO00 31 35 30 34 30 3337 20 43 4F 50 5 22 E 2 0 49 42 40 2 031 39 3 B 31 2 C 3139 38 33

EO IBEO leEO 1cEO1 0EO 1E

E 0 2 0E 0 2 2E O 2 5

E 0 2 AE 0 2 8E 0 2 C

E 0 2 0E 0 2 EE O 3 1

E 0 3 2E 0 3 3E034E 0 3 5

50

530633 co

BE COBE 0 0 2 426: C 7 07 1561 R

4 34 3OE

58

2 6 : 89 07075858c3

E 0 3 5EO35 F BE 0 3 6 50E 0 3 7 53EO38 5 1

E O 3 9 E 4 6 1

E O J B 50E 0 3 CE 0 3 C 24 F C

E03E E6 6 1E 0 4 0 5 1

E 0 4 1 E 2 F EE 0 4 3 OC 0 2

E 0 4 5 E6 6 1E 0 4 7 59

E 0 4 8 5 1E049 E2 FEE 0 4 E 48E 0 4 C 59E 0 4 0 75 EDE 0 4 F 5 8E O 5 0 E 6 6 1

E O 5 2 59E 0 5 3 58E 0 5 4 58E 0 5 5 C 3E056E O 5 BEO5E E 9 0043 R

T H I S PR OC ED UR E U I L L I S S U E SHORT T ON ES TO I N D I C A T E F A I L U R E S

T H A T I : OCCUR B E FORE THE CRT IS S T A R T E D , 2: TO C A L L T H EOP E RA TORS A T TE NT ION TO A N ERROR A T THE E ND OF P OS T, OR3: T O S I G N A L T H E S U C C E S S FU L C O M P L E T I O N O F P O S T

D L = NUMBE R OF A P P ROX . 1 1 2 SE C TONE S TO S OUND; E N T R Y P A R A M E T E R S :

ERRJEEP PROCP U S H FP U S HC L I

MOVC A L L

64: L OOPDE CJ N Z

G 3 :

G 5 : L O O PG 6 : L O O P

P O PP O P FRET

ERR-EEEPL I S T

ASSUME

NE A R

E X

E L . 1B E E P

G 4D LG 365

G 6B X

E NDP

CS : CODE. 05: D A T A

S A V E F L A G S

D I S A B L E S Y ST E M I N T E R R U P T SSHORT-BEEP:COUNTE R FOR A S HORT B E E PDO THE SOUND

D E L A Y B E T U E E N B E E P SD ON E U I T H S H O R TSDO SOME MOREL O N G D E L A Y B E F O R E R E T U R N

R E S T O R E O R I G C O N T E N T S O F E XR E ST O RE F L A G S T O O R I G S E T T I N G SR E T U R N T O C A L L E R

ORG OEOOOHD E '1504037 C O P R . I B M 1981, 1983' ; C O P Y R I G H T N O T I C E

.................................................................., EAL-VECTOR-SETUP -

T H I S R O U TI NE U I L L I N I T I A L I Z E TH E IN T ER R UP T 9 VECTOR TOP O I N T A T T HE R E A L I N T E R R U P T R O U T I N E

..................................................................kA L -V E CTO R-S E TUP P ROC NE 4 R

PUSH, AX , S A V E THE S C A N CODEP U S H E XP U S H E SXOR AX,AX , I N I T I A L I Z E TO P O I N T A T VECTOR

MOV ES,AXMOV BX,SH*4H , P O I N T AT I N T E R R U P T 9MOV UORD PT R ES C B X 3 , O F F S E T K B - I N 1 , M OV E I N O FF S E T O F

, R O U T I N EI N C E X , ADD 2 TO E XI N C E XP U S H C S , GE T CODE SE GMENT OF B I O S (S E GME NT

P OP A XMOV UORO PTR ES CBX1,AX , M O VE I N S E G ME NT O F R O U T I N EPOP ESP O P E XPOP AXR E T

, S E C T O R ( 0 )

,R E L O C A T E A B L E I

RE A L -V E CTOR-S E TUP E NDP

,KE-NO I SE

..................................................................

T H I S R O U T I N E IS C A L L E D U H E N G E N ER A L B E E P S A R E R E Q U I R E D F RO MT H E S Y S T E M

, N P U TBX=LENGH OF THE TONECX =CONTA INS THE FRE QUE NCY

A L L R E G I S T E R S A R E M A I N T A I N E D

A S C X G E T S L A R G E R T HE T O N E PR O DU C ED G E T S L O U E R I N P I T C H

,O U T P U T

, I N T S

..................................................................KB-NO I SE

S T I

P U S HP U S HI NP U S H

AND

OUT

P u s n

L O O P O l

P u s nL O O P 0 2 : L O O P

OROUTP O P

P u s nL O O P 0 3 : L O O P

DE CPOPJ N ZPOPOUTPOPPOPPOPR E T

ORGJ M P

KB-NO1 SE

PROC NEAR

AXE XcxAL, 06 I H

AX

AL, OFCH

06 H A Lc xL O O P 0 2A L , 2

06 lH,A Lcx

cxL O O P 0 3E X

L O O P 01AX06 lH,A Lcx

c x

E XA X

E NDPo E o s B nNE A R P TR RE S E T

G E T C O N T R O L I N F OS A V E

T U R N O F F T I M E R G A T ED A T AOUTPUT TO CONTROLH A L F C Y C L E T I M E F O RS P E A K E R O F FT U RN ON S P E AK E R B I T0UTPll.T TO CON TROL

A ND S P E A K E R

TONE

R E T R I E V E F R E Q U E N C YA N OT H ER H A L F C Y C L ET O T A L T I M E C O U N TR E T R I E V E F R E Q .D O ANOTHER CYCLERECOVER CONTROLOUTP UT THE CONTROL

8/12/2019 jrtech


E O S EEOSE 78 cc co cc 78 I8

E 0 6 6 00 C C 00 CC CC CC

E 0 6 E I C 00 7 8 C C F C C O

E 0 7 6 7 E C 3 3 C 06 3 E 66

E 0 7 E C C 00 78 O C 7 C C C

E 0 8 6 EO 00 78 O C 7 C C C

EO8E 30 30 7 8 OC 7 C C C

E 0 9 6 00 00 78 C O CO 7 8

E 0 9 E 7 E C 3 3 C 66 7 E 60

E O A 6 C C 00 7 8 C C F C C O

E O A E EO 00 7 8 C C F C CO

E 0 8 6 C C 00 7 0 30 30 3 0

E OB E 7 C C 6 3 8 18 18 I 8

E O C 6 EO 00 70 30 3 0 30

E O C E C 6 38 6 C C 6 F E C 6

E O D 6 30 30 00 7 8 CC F C

oc 78

7 E 00

7 8 00

3F 00

7 E 00

7 E DO

7 E 00

oc 38

3c 00

7 8 00

7 8 00

7 8 OD

3 c 00

7 8 00

C 6 00

cc 00

E O D E IC 00 FC 60 7 a 60F C 00

7 F 00

C E 00

7 8 00

7 8 00

E O E 6 00 00 7 F O C 7 F C C

EOEE 3 E 6 C C C F E C C CC

E O F 6 7 8 CC 00 7 8 C C C C

E O F E 00 CC 00 7 8 CC C C

E 1 0 6 00 EO 00 7 8 C C C C7 8 00

7 E 00

7 E 00

E l O E 78 C C 00 CC CC CC

E 1 1 6 00 E O 00 CC CC CC

E l l E 00 C C 00 C C C C 7 C

E 1 2 6 C 3 I E 3 C 66 66 3 C

E 1 2 E C C 00 CC CC CC CC

E 1 3 6 18 18 7 E C O CO 7 E

E 1 3 E 3 8 6 C 6 4 F O 60 E 6

E 1 4 6 C C CC 7 8 F C 3 0 F C

E 1 4 E F8 CC C C F A C 6 C F

E 1 5 6 OE I B 18 3 C 18 18

OC F8

18 00

7 8 00

18 18

F C 00

3 0 30

C 6 C 7

D 8 7 0

E 1 5 E I C 00 7 8 OC 7 C C C

E 1 6 6 38 00 70 30 3 0 3 0

E 1 6 E 00 I C 00 7 8 C C C C

7 E 00

78 00

78 00

7 E 00

E 1 7 6 00 I C 00 CC CC CC

E 1 7 E

E 186

E I B E

E 196

E 1 9 E

E A 6

E I A E

E 186

E 1 8 E

E I C 6

E I C E

E 1 D 6

00 F8 00 F8 CC CC

c c 00

F C 00 C C E C F C D C

c c 00

3 C 6 C 6 C 3 E 00 7 E00 00

3 8 6 C 6 C 3 8 00 7 C

00 00

3 0 00 30 60 CO CC7 8 00

00 00 00 F C C O CO

00 00

00 00 00 F C O C O C

00 00

C 3 C 6 CC D E 3 3 66

C C O F

C 3 C 6 CC DE 3 7 6 F

C F 0 3I 8 18 00 18 I8 18

18 0000 3 3 6 6 CC 66 3 3

00 0000 CC 66 3 3 6 6 CC

00 00

D 8

DB

DB

DB

D 8

DB

DB

DB

D 8

D 8

D 8

D 8

D 8

DB

DB

D 8

L A B E L B Y T E07811, occn, O C O H , o c a . 0 7 8 ~ . I a n , O O C H , 0 7 8 ~

ooon, OCCH, ooon, OCCH. O C C H , OCCH, O ~ E H , O O H

, D-80

, D-B I

O I C H , 0 0 0 H . 0 7 8 H . O C CH , O F C H , O CO H, 0 7 8 H , O O O H , D - 8 2

O ~ E H , CJ H, O ~ C H . O O ~ H , J E H , O ~ ~ H , ~ F H , O O O H , ~ - 8 3

OCCH, ooon, 0 7 8 1 4 , oocn, 0 7 ~ ~ .ccn , O ~ E H , oon , D - 8 4

~ E ~ ~ , o o o H ,7 8 ~ . OCH, O ~ C H , CCH, O ~ E H , OOH , 0-85

0 3 0 H . 0 3 O H , 0 7 8 H , O O C H , 0 7 C H , O C C H , 0 7 E H ,O O O H , D - 8 6

OOOH, o o o n , o 7 8 ~ , con, OCOH, O ~ B H , ~ ~ ~ H , O ~ B HD - 8 7

O ~ E H , C ~ H , ~ C H , m i , O ~ E H , ~ O H , ~ C H , oon , 0-88

occn, ooon, 07811, O C C H , O F C H , o c o n . 0 7 8 n . 0 0 0 ~ , D-89

O E O H , ~ O ~ H ,7 8 ~ . ccn , OFCH, O C O H , O ~ ~ H ,oon , o - 8 ~

occn, ooon, O ~ O H , O ~ O H ,3 o n , 0 3 o n , 0 7 8 n , OOOH , D - ~ E

O ~ C H , C ~ H , 3 8 ~ . IBH, O I ~ H , mi, ~ C H , OOH , DJC

O EO H , 000H. 0 7 0 H . O J OH , 0 3 0 H , OJ O H , 0 7 8 H , O O O H , D-80

O C 6 H , O J B H , 0 6 C H , O C 6 H , O FE H , O C 6 H . O C 6 H , O O O H , D-8E

03011,O ~ O H , OOH, O ~ B H , C C H , O FC H ,O C C H , O O O H , D - ~ F

0 I C H , O O O H , O FC H, 0 6 0 H , 0 7 8 H , 0 6 0 H , O FC H, O O O H , 0-90

0001.1, OOH, O ~ F H , OCH, O ~ F H , CCH, O ~ F H , oon , D-9 I

O J EH, O ~ C H , CCH, OFEH, OCCH, occn, OC EH , OOOH , 0 - 9 2

0 7 8 H , O C C H , 0 0 0 H . 0 7 8 H . O C C H, OC C H, 0 7 8 H . O O O H , D-93

O OO H, OC CH , O O O H, O ~ E I H , CC H, O C CH , 0 7 8 ~ . O O H , D - 9 4

0001.1, E O H . OOOH, 0 7 8 ~ . C C H , o c c n , o 7 8 ~ , OOH , D-95

0 7 8 ~ . C C H , O O O H , occn , O C C H , occn , O ~ E H . OOH , D-96

OOOH, OEOH, OOOH, O C C H , O C C H , O C C H , o 7 ~ n . 0 0 0 ~ D-97

O O O H , OCCH, O O O H , O C C H , O C C H , 0 7 C H , O O C H , O F 8 H , 0-98

O C3 H, O I B H , O J C H , 0 6 6 H , 0 6 6 H , 0 3 C H , O I B H , O O O H , D-99

O C C H , OOOH, OCCH, o c c n ,o c c n , O C C H , O ~ B H ,oon , 0 - 9 A

o IBH, omi, XH , ocon, OCOH, O ~ E H , m n , o IEIH , D-98

0 3 8 H , 0 6 C H . 0 6 4 H , O FO H, 0 6 0 H , O E 6 H , O F CH ,O O OH , 0-9C

o c c n , ~ ~ ~ ~ ,7 8 ~ . F C H , O ~ O H , F C H , O ~ O H , 3 0 n , D-9D

O F B H , O C C H , O C C H , O F A H , O C 6 H , O C F H , O C 6 H , O C 7 H , D-9E

OOEH, omi, mi, ~ C H , i e n , OIBH, oD8n, O ~ O H , D - ~ F

o mi, OOOH. 0 7 8 ~ . O CH, O ~ C H , ccn, OXH, ooon , D-AO

0 3 8 H . O O O H , 0 7 0 H . O J OH , 0 3 0 H , 0 3 0 H , 0 7 8 H , O O O H , 0 - A I

OOOH, O I C H , OOOH, 0 7 8 H , O C CH , O C C H, 0 7 8 H , O O O H , D-A2

OOOH, 0 I C H , O O O H , O C C H , O C C H, O C C H , 0 7 EH , O O OH , 0-A3

OOOH, OFB H, OOOH, OFB H,OCC H, OCCH, OCCH, O O O H , 0-A4

O F C H , OOOH, OCCH, OECH, OFCH, ODCH, OCCH, O O O H , 0-AS

0 3 C H . 0 6 C H . 0 6 C H . 0 3 E H , O O O H , 0 7 E H , OOOH, O O O H , D-A6

0 3 8 H , 0 6 C H , 0 6 C H . O 3 8 H , O O O H , 0 7 C H , OOOH, OOOH , 0-A7

0 3 0 ~ . OOH, O J O H , O ~ O H , c o n ,

occn,0 7 8 ~ .

oon ,D-AB

OOOH, OOOH, ooon, OFCH, ocon, ocon,ooon, ooon , D-AS

ooon, ooon, OOOH, O F C H , ~ O ~ H ,ocn, OOOH, O O O H , D-AA

O C 3 H . O C 6 H . O C C H, O D E H , 0 3 3 H , 0 6 6 H , O C C H, O O FH , D-AB

O C ~ H , C ~ H , CCH, ODBH, 0 3 7 ~ . ~ F H , w n , 003n , D-AC

O IE IH ,018H ,000H ,018H ,O l8H ,O l8H ,O l8H ,O O O H , 0-AD

ooon, 0 3 3 ~ . 6 6 ~ .ccn, 0 6 6 ~ . ~ H ,oon ,ooon , 0-AE

O O O H , O C CH , 0 6 6 H , O 3 3 H , 0 6 6 H , O C CH , OOOH, OOOH , D-AF

8/12/2019 jrtech


E l DE 2 2 BB 2 2 88 2 2 BB

E X 6 5 5 AA 5 5 AA 5 5 AA

ElEE DB 77 DB EE DB 7 7

22 88

5 5 AA

DB EE

€ 1 ~ 6 18 18 l e i e i e i e

EIFE i e l e i e i e F e 18

€206 18 18 FB i e F e i e

18 i e

i e ia

18 18

E2OE

E2 I 6

E 2 l E

E226

E22E

E236

E23E

E246

E24E

E256

36 36 36 36 F6 36

36 36

00 00 00 00 FE 3636 36

18 1836 36 F6 06 F6 36

36 36

36 36 36 36 36 36

3 6 3 6

00 00 FE 06 F6 36

36 36

3 6 3 6 F6 0 6 FE 00

00 00

36 36 36 36 FE 00

00 00

18 18 FB 18 FB 00

00 00

00 00 FB 18 FB i e

00 00 00 00 FB l ei e 18

E ~ S E ie i e i e i e IF 00

€266 i a i e i e i e FF 00

00 00

00 00

h26E 00 00 00 00 FF 1818 i e

€276 i e i e i e i a IF 18

18 18

00 00

18 18

l e 18

36 36

00 00

36 36

00 00

36 36

36 36

00 00

36 36

00 00

E27E 00 00 00 00 FF 00

€286 l e i e i e l e FF l e

EPEE 18 18 IF i e IF i e

E296 36 36 36 36 37 36

E29E 36 36 37 30 3F 00

E2A6 00 00 3F 30 3 7 36

E2AE 36 36 F 7 00 FF 00

E286 00 00 FF 00 F 7 3 6

E2BE 36 36 3 7 30 3 7 36

E2C6 00 00 FF 00 FF 00

E2CE 36 36 F7 00 F 7 36

E2D6 18 18 FF 00 FF 00

E2DE 36 36 36 36 FF 00

00 00

€ 2 ~ 6 00 00 FF 00 FF i eis i eEPEE 00 00 00 00 FF 36

E2F6 36 36 36 36 3F 00

E2FE 18 18 I F 18 1F 00

36 36

00 00

00 00

€306 00 00 IF i e IF 18i e 18

E30E 00 00 00 00 3F 36

E316 36 36 36 36 FF 3 6

3 6 3 6

36 36

~ 3 1 ~e i e FF 18 FF 18

~ 3 2 6 18 18 i e i e F e 00

€ 3 2 ~ 00 00 00 00 IF i e

i e i e

00 00

i e 18E336 FF FF FF FF FF FF

E37E 00 00 00 00 FF FF

E346 FO FO FO F O FO FO

E34E OF OF OF W OF OF

E356 FF FF FF FF 00 00

FF FF

FF f f

FO FO

OF OF

00 00

DB

DB

DB

DB

DB

DB

DB

DB

DB

DB

DB

DB

DB

DB

DB

DB

DB

DB

DB

DB

DB

DB

DB

DB

DB

DB

DB

DB

DB

DB

DB

DB

De

DB

DB

DB

DB

DO

DB

DB

DB

DB

DO

DB

DB

DB

DB

De

022H, OBBH, O22H, OBBH, 022H, OBBH, O22H, OBBH

055H. OAAH, 055H. OAAH, 0S5H. OAAH, 055H. OA&H

ODBH, 077H, ODBH, OEEH, ODBH, 077H, ODBH, OEEH

o i e n . OIBH, o i e w , aim,o i w , o i w , o i e H , o i e H

O I B H , O I B H , OlBH, O I B H , OFBH, OIBH, OIBH, O l B H

O I B H . 01BH,OF8H. OiBH,OFBH, 01BH,018H,O lBH

036H. O36H. O36H. O36H, OF6H, O36H, O36H, O36H

000H. OOOH, OOOH, OOOH, OFEH, 036H, 036H. 036H

OOOH, 000H. OFBH, OIBH, OFBH, OIBH, OIBH, 018H

0 3 6 ~ . 3 6 ~ . F ~ H ,0611, O F ~ H , 3 6 ~ . 3 6 ~ . 3 6 ~

036H. 036H. 036H. 036H. 036H. 036H. 036H, 036H

OOOH, OOOH, OFEH, 006H, OF6H, 036H, 036H. 036H

036H, 036H, OFBH, 006H, OFEH, 000H. 000H. OOOH

0 3 6 ~ . XH, 0 3 6 ~ . 3 6 ~ . FEH, OOOH, ooon, ooon

OIBH, O I B H , OFBH, O I B H , OFBH, OOOH, OOOH, OOOH

OOOH, OOOH, 000H. OOOH, OFBH, O l B H , O I B H , 0 1 8 M

OIBH, OlBH. O I B H , O l B H , OIFH, OOOH, OOOH, OOOH

o i w , O ~ H ,i e n , OIBH, OFFH, OOOH, OOOH, OOOH

OOOH. OOOH, OOOH, OOOH, OFFH, o i m , aim,o i w

OIBH, 018H. OIBH, OIBH. OIFH, O I B H , OlB H, OlBH

OOOH, OOOH, OOOH, OOOH, OFFH, OOOH. ooon, ooon

OIBH, OIBH, O l B H , OIBH, OFFH, OIBH, OIBH, 018H

OIBH, OIBH, OIFH, O I B H , OIFH, 018H. O I B H , OlBH

036H, 036H. 036H. 036H. 037H,036H, 036H. 036H

036H, 036H. O37H. OJOH, 03FH. 000H. 000H. OOOH

OOOH, OOOH, OJFH, 030H, 037H, 036H, 036H, 036H

036H. 036H. OF7H. 000H. OFFH, 000H. OOOH, OOOH

OOOH, OOOH, OFFH, OOOH, OF^, O J ~ H , 3 6 ~ . 3 6 ~

O36H, O36H, 037H, 030H, 037H, 036H. 036H, 036H

OOOH, ooon, OFFH, OOOH, OFFH, ooon, OOOH, OOOH

036H. 036H. OF7H. 000H. OF7H. 036H. O36H. O36H

aim,o i w , OFFH, OOOH, OFFH. OOOH, OOOH, OOOH

0 3 6 ~ . ~ ~ H , O J ~ H ,XH, OFFH, ooon, OOOH, OOOH

000H. OOOH, OFFH, 000H. OFFH, O I B H , OIBH. OlBH

000H. OOOH, OOOH, OOOH, OFFH, 036H. 036H,036H

0 3 6 ~ . m i , 0 3 6 ~ . m i , O ~ F H ,OOOH, OOOH, OOOH

O I B H , OlBH, OIFH. 018H. OlFH, OOOH, 000H. OOOH

000H. OOOH, 0 IFH, 0 IBH, 0 IFH, 0 BH, 0 I B H , 0 1BH

OOOH, 000H. OOOH, 000H. 03FH. 036H. O36H. 036H

0 3 6 ~ 1 , 0 3 6 ~ .3 6 ~ , 0 3 6 H , FFH, 0 3 6 ~ . 36H, 0 3 6 ~

o m n , aim,OFFH, aim,OFFH, O ~ B M , i e n , o i e H

o i e n , OIBH, oien, om^, OFBH, ooon, OOOH. ooon

000H. OOOH, OOOH, OCJOH, OIFH, OIBH, OIEH, OlBH

OFFH, OFFH, OFFH, OFFH, OFFH, OFFH, OFFH, OFFH

; 0-80

; 0-81

; D-B2

; D-B3

; D-84

; 0-BS

; D-B6

; D-07

; D-Be

; D-89

; 0-BA

; D-BB

; D-BC

; D-BD

; 0-BE

; D-BF

ooon,ooon, OOOH, OOOH, OFFH, OFFH, OFFH, OFFH , D-DC

OFOH, OFOH, OFOH, OFOH, OFOH, OFOH, OFOH, OFOH , 0-00

OOFH, OOFW. OOFH, OOFH, OOFH, OOFH, OOFH, OOFH , D-DE

OFFH. OFFH, OFFH. OFFH. OOOH, OOOH, OOOH, OOOH , D-DF

8/12/2019 jrtech


E 3 5 E

E 3 6 6

E 3 6 E

E 3 7 6

E 3 7 E

E 3 8 6

E 3 8 E

E 3 9 6

E 3 9 E

E 3 A 6

E 3 A E

E 3 8 6

E 3 8 E

E 3 C 6

E 3 C E

E 3 D 6

E 3 D E

E 3 E 6

E 3 E E

E 3 F 6

E 3 F E

E 4 0 6

E 4 0 E

E 4 16

E 4 E

E 4 2 6

E 4 2 E

E 4 3 6

E 4 3 E

E 4 4 6

E 4 4 E

E 4 5 6

00 00 7 6 D C C 8 D C7 6 0000 7 8 C C F 8 CC F8co CO00 F C CC CO CO COco 0000 F E 6 C 6 C 6 C 6 C6 C 00

F C C C 60 30 6 0 CCF C 00

00 00 7 E D 8 D 8 DE

70 0000 66 6 6 66 66 7 C

60 CO00 7 6 DC 18 18 18

18 00F C 3 0 7 8 CC CC 7 830 F C38 6 C C 6 F E C 6 6 C38 00

38 6 C C 6 C 6 6 C 6 C

E E 00I C 30 18 7C CC CC

7 8 00

00 00 7 E DB D B 7 E00 0006 O C 7 E D B D B 7 E60 CO38 60 CO F8 CO 6038 0078 cc cc cc cc cc

cc 00

00 F C 00 F C 00 F C00 0030 30 F C 3 0 30 00

F C 0060 30 18 30 60 00

F C 0018 30 60 30 18 00F C 00OE 18 I8 18 18 18

18 I818 18 18 18 I8 D 8

D 8 7030 30 00 F C 00 30

30 0000 76 DC 00 76 DC00 0038 6 C 6 C 3 8 00 00

00 0000 00 00 18 18 00

00 00

00 0 0 0 0 00 18 00

00 00OF OC OC OC EC 6C3c I C78 6 C 6 C 6 C 6 C 0000 00

70 18 30 60 78 0000 00

00 00 3 c 3 c 3c 3c00 0000 00 00 00 00 00

00 00

E 4 5 EE 4 5 E 80 F C 0 4E 4 6 1 72 03E 4 6 3 80 CD 20E 4 6 6 84 OAE 4 6 8 89 OE 0060 RE 4 6 C E 8 E 4 7 2 RE 4 6 F E 9 O F 7 0 R

E 4 7 2 88 16 0063 RE 4 7 6 8 A C 4E 4 7 8 E EE 4 7 9 4 2

E 4 7 A 8 A C 5E 4 7 C EE

E 4 7 D 4 AE 4 7 E EA C 4E 4 8 0 F E COE 4 8 2 E EE 4 8 3 42E 4 8 4 8 A C IE 4 8 6 E EE 4 8 7 c3E 4 8 8

D B

DB

DB

D B

DB

DB

DB

DB

D 8

DB

DB

DB

D 8

D 8

DB

DB

DB

DB

D 8

DB

D 8

DB

D 8

DB

DB

DB

D 8

D 8

DB

D 8

DB

DE

A S S U H E

OOOH, O O O H , 0 7 6 H , OD C H , OC 8 H , OD C H , 0 7 6 H , O O O H

O O O H , 078H, OCCH, OF8H. OCCH, OFBH, OCOH, OCOH

O O O H , OFCH, OCCH, OCOH, OCOH, OCOH, OCOH, OOOH

O O O H , O F E H, 0 6 C H , 0 6 C H , 0 6 C H , 0 6 C H , 0 6 C H . O O O H

OFC H , OC C H , 0 6 0 H , 0 3 0 H , 060H, OCCH, OFCH, O O O H

O O O H , O O O H , 0 7 E H . ODBH, ODEH, ODBH, 0 7 0 H . O O O H

O O O H , 0 6 6 H , 0 6 6 H , 0 6 6 H , 0 6 6 H , 0 7 C H , 0 6 0 H . 3 C OH

O O O H , 0 7 6 H , OD C H , 0 ISH, 0 18H, 0 I EH , 0 I B H , O O O H

O F CH , 0 3 0 H , 0 7 8 H . O C CH , O CC H. 0 7 8 H . 0 3 0 H , O F C H

0 3 8 H , 0 6 C H , OC BH , OFEH , OC 6 H , 0 6 C H , 0 3 8 H , OOOH

0 3 8 H . 0 6 C H , OC 6H . OC 6H . 0 6 C H . 0 6 C H . OEEH, OOOH

O I C H , 0 3 0 H , O18H. 07CH, OCCH, OCCH, 078H, OOOH

OOOH, OOOH, 0 7 E H , ODBH, ODBH, 0 7 E H , OOOH, OOOH

0 0 6 H , O OC H, 0 7 E H . ODBH, OD BH , 0 7 EH , 0 6 0 H , OC OH

0 3 8 H , 0 6 0 H . OC OH , OFEH , OC OH , 0 6 0 H , O3 8 H . OOOH

078H, OCCH, OCCH, OCCH, OCCH, OCCH, OCCH, OOOH

OOOH, OFCH, O O O H , OFCH, OOOH, OFCH, 000H. OOOH

O J O H, 0 3 0 H , O F C H , O 3 0 H . 0 3 0 H , OOOH, OFCH, O O O H

0 6 0 H , 0 3 0 H , O I B H , 030H, 060H, O O O H , OFCH, OOOH

OIBH, OJOH, 060H, 0 3 0 H , 018H, O O O H , OFCH, O O O H

OOEH, 0 IBH, 0 IBH, 0 B H , 0 18H, 0 I B H , 0 18H. 0 I 8 H

018H. O I B H , O I B H , O I B H , OIBH, O D 8 H . ODBH, 0 7 0 H

030H, 0 3 0 H . OOOH, OFCH, OOOH, 030H. O3OH. OOOH

OOOH, 0 7 6 H , OD C H , OOOH, 0 7 6 H , OD C H , O O O H , OOOH

O 3 8 H , 0 6 C H , 0 6 C H . 0 3 8 H , OOOH, OOOH, OOOH, OOOH

OOOH, OOOH, OOOH, O I B H , 018H, 000H. OOOH, OOOH

O O O H , OOOH, OOOH, OOOH, 018H. 000H. 000H. OOOH

OOFH, OOCH, OOCH, OOCH, OECH, 06 CH . OJCH, O IC H

0 7 8 H , 0 6 C H , 0 6 C H , 0 6 C H , 0 6 C H , OOOH, OOOH, OOOH

0 7 0 H . 018H. O 3O H. 0 6 0 H . 0 7 8 H . 000H. 000H. OOOH

OOOH, OOOH, 03CH. O3CH. OJCH, O3CH. 000H. OOOH

OOOH, 000H. 000H. OOOH, OOOH, 000H. 000H. OOOH

C S : C O D E, D S : D A T A...................................................

, SET-CTVPE

, I N P U T

, O U T P U T

;ET-CTVPE PR D C N EAR

T H I S R O U T I N E S E T S T H E C UR SO R V A L U E

( C X ) H A S C UR SO R V A L U E C H -S T A RT L I N E , C L -S T O P L I N E

NONE....................................................

C M P AH .4 , I N G R A P H I C S N OD E?J C C 2 3 X , NO, JUMPOR C H ,2 0 H , YES, D I S A B L E C U R S O R

MOV CURSOR-MODE,CX , S A V E I N D A T A A RE AC A L L C 2 3 , OU TPU T C X R EGJM P VID EO- R ETU R N

C2 3X MOV AH, 10 , 6 8 4 5 R E G I S T E R F O R CU RS OR S E T

T H I S R O U T I N E O U TP U TS T H E C X R E G I S T E R T O T H E 6 8 4 5 R E GS N AH ED I N A Hc23 MOV

novOUTI C

HOVOUTD ECnovI NCOUTI CMDVOUTR E T

SET-CTVPE

D X, AD D R - 6 8 4 5 ,A L , A HD X, A LD X

A L , C HD X A LOXA L , A HA LD X, ALD XA L , C LD X . A L

E N D P

A D D R E S S R E G I S T E RG E T V A L U ER E G I S T E R S E TD A T A R E G I S T E R

D A T A

P O I N T T O O TH E R D A T A R E G I S T E RS E T F O R SE CO ND R E G I S T E R

SEC ON D D ATA VAL U E

A L L D O N E

8/12/2019 jrtech


, SET-CPOS

T H I S R O U T I N E S E T S T H E C U RR E NT C UR SO R P O S I T I O N T O T H E

NEW X-Y VALUES PAS SE0

DX - ROU,COLUMN OF NEU CURSOREH - DI SPLAY PAGE OF CURSOR

CURSOR IS S ET AT 6 8 4 5 I F D I S P L A Y P AG E IS C U R R E N T D I S P L A Y

, I N P U T

, OUTPUT

____-___-__--__-________________________-----SET-CPOS PROC NEAR

MOV CL , EHXOR CH,CH , E S T A B L I S H L O OP C OU NTSAL CX, 1 , UORD OFFSETMOV S I , CX , U S E I N D E X R E G I S T E R

MOV CS I+O FF SE T CURSOR-POSN1,OX , S A V E T H E P O I N T E RCMP ACTI VE-PAGE, EHJ N Z C 2 4 , SET-CPOS-RETURNMOV AX,DX , GET ROUlCOLU MN TO AXC A L L C 2 5 , CURSOR-SET

C 2 4 J M P V ID E O - R E T U R NSET-CPOS ENDP

6 2 5 P RO C N E A R------ S E T C U R SO R P O S I T I O N , A X H A S R O U l C O L U M N F O R C UR SO R

C A L L P O S I T I O N , D E T E R M I N E LO C A T I O N I N R E GE N

MOV CX,AXADD CX,CRT-START , A DD I N TH E S T A R T A D DR E SS F OR T H I S

SAR CX, I , D I V I D E B Y 2 FOR CHAR ONLV COUNTMOV AH, 1 4 , REGI STER NUMEER FOR CURSORC A L L C 2 3 , O U T P UT T H E V A LU E T O TH E 6 8 4 5R E T

, B U F F E R

, P A G E

C 2 5 E N D P

................................................

€ 4 8 8€ 4 8 8 E A C FE 4 E A 3 2 EDE 4 E C D I E lE 4 E E EE F I

E 4 9 0 E 9 9 4 0050 RE 4 9 4 38 3 E D O 6 2 RE 4 9 8 75 05E 4 9 A 88 C 2E 4 9 C E8 E 4 A 2 RE 4 9 F E 9 O F 7 0 RE 4 A 2

E 4 A 2E 4 A 2 E 8 E 5 C 2 R

E 4 A 5 EE C EE 4 A 7 03 OE 0 0 4 E R

E 4 A E D 1 F 9E 4 A D E 4 OEE 4 A F EE E 4 7 2 RE 4 E 2 C 3E 4 8 3

E 4 E 3E 4 E 3 A 8 EO

E 4 E 5 7 5 2 4E 4 E 7 A 2 0062 RE 4 E A E8 O E 0 0 4 C RE 4 E E 98E 4 E F 50E 4 C O F7 E lE 4 C 2 A 3 0 0 4 E R

E 4 C 5 EE CEE 4 C 7 D I F 9E 4 C 9 E 4 OCE 4 C E €8 E 4 7 2 RE 4 C E 58E 4 C F D I E 3E 4 D I EE 8 7 0050 R

E 4 D 5 E 8 E 4 A 2 RE 4D E E 9 O F 7 0 R

E 4 D EE 4 D E E A EOE 4 D D E A 0 3 D AE 4 E O E CE 4 E l 2 4 08E4E3 7 4 FBE 4 E 5 E A D 3 D FE 4 E E A 0 O O BA R

E 4 E E EO F C 80E 4E E 7 4 27E 4 F O EO F C 8 4E 4 F 3 73 22

E 4 F 5 F 6 C 4 0 1E 4 F E 74 OD

E 4 F A DO E3E 4 F C D O E 3E 4 F E DO E3

E500 2 4 C 7E 5 0 2 EO E3 3E

E 5 0 5 OA C 3

, ACT-D I SP-PAGET H I S R O U T I N E S E T S T H E A C T I V E D I S P L A Y P A G E , A L L O U I N GT H E F U L L U S E O F T H E R AM S E T A S I D E F O R T H E V I D E O A T T AC H M E N T

A L H A S T H E N EU A C T I V E D I S P L A Y P A G E

T H E 6 8 4 5 IS R E S E T T O D I S P L A Y T H A T P A G E

, I N P U T

, OUTPUT

.................................................~CT-DISP-PAGE PR OC NEAR

T E S T A L , O E O H , C R T l C P U P A G E R E G F U N C T I O NJNZ SET-CRTCPU , YES, GO H AN DL E I TMOV ACTIVE-PAGE,AL , S A V E A C T I V E P A G E V A L U EMOV CX,CRT-LEN , GET SAVED LENGT H OF REGEN BUFFERCEU , CONVERT AL TO UORDPUSH AX , SAVE PAGE VALUEMUL CX , D I S P L A Y P A G E T I M E S R E G E N L E N G T HMOV CRT-START,AX , S A V E S T A R T A D D R E S S F O R L A T E R U S E

MOV CX,AX , START ADDRESS TO CXSAR CX, I , D I V I D E B Y 2 F O R 6 8 4 5 H A N D L I N GMOV AH, 1 2 , 6 8 4 5 R E G I S T E R F O R S T A R T A D DR E SSC A L L C 2 3POP EX , RECOVER PAGE VALUES A L E X 1 * 2 FOR UORD OFFSETMOV

C A L L C 2 5 , S E T T H E C U R S O R P O S I T I O NJMP VIDEO-RETURN

AX:CEX + OFFSET 6URSOR-POSNI , G E T C UR SO R F OR T H I S, PAGE

......................................................., SETJRTCPU

T H I S R O U T I N E R EA D S OR U R I T E S T H E C R T l C P U P A G E R E G I S T E R S

, I N P U Tf A L ) = E3H SET BO TH CRT AN0 CPU PAGE REGS

( B H ) V A L U E T O S E T I N C R T P A G E R EG( E L ) = V A L U E T O S E T I N C P U PA G E RE G

fE H) = V A L U E T O S E T I N CR T P A G E RE G

( E L ) = V A L U E T O S E T I N C PU P A G E RE G

( A L ) = E2H SET CRT P AGE REG

f A L ) = E I H SET CPU PAGE REG

f A L ) = EOH R E A D C UR R E N T V A L U E O F C R T l C P U P A G E REGS

, OUTPUTA L L F U N C T I O N S R E T U R N

fEH) = CURRENT CONTENTS OF CRT PAGE REG( E L ) = CURRENT CONTENTS OF CPU PAGE REG

........................................................SET-CRTCPU:

MOVMOV

C 2 6 : I NANDJ ZMOVMOV

CMPJ ZCMPJ N CT E S TJ ZS H LS H LS H LANDANDOR

AH, ALDX, VGA-CTLAL, DXA L , 0 E H

C 2 6DX. PAGREGAL, PAGDAT

AH, EOHC 2 9A H , E 4 HC 2 9AH, I

C 2 7E L , IE L , 1

E L , 1

AL, NOT CPUREGEL , CPUREGA L. E L

S A VE R E QU E S T I N A HSET ADDRESS OF GATE ARRAYGET STATUSV E R T I C A L R E T R A C E 7

NO, U A I T FOR I TS E T 10 ADDRESS OF P AGE REGGET DATA LAST OUTPUT TO REG

R E A D F U N C T I O N R E Q U E S T E D ?YES, D O N ' T S E T A N Y T H I N GV A L I D R E Q U E S T ?NO , P R E TE N D I T U A S A R E AD R E Q U E S TSET CPU REG'NO, GO SEE ABOUT CRT REGS H I F T V AL UE T O R I G H T B I T P O S I T I O N

CLEAR OLD CPU VALUEBE S U R E U N R E L A T E D B I T S A RE Z E ROOR I N N EU V A L U E

R O M B I O S A-57

8/12/2019 jrtech


E 5 0 7 F6 C 4 02E 5 0 A 7 4 07E 5 0 C 2 4 F B

E 5 0 E B O E 7 07E 5 1 1 OA C 7E 5 1 3 E E

E 5 1 4 A 2 0 0 8 A RE 5 1 7 B A D 8E 5 1 9 BO E 3 3 8E 5 1 C D O F BE 5 1 E D O F B

E 5 2 0 D O F B

E 5 2 2 B A F8E 5 2 4 80 E 7 0 7

E 5 2 7 5F

E 5 2 8 5 E

E 5 2 9 58E 5 2 A E 9 O F 7 3 R

E 5 2 D

E 5 2 D

E 5 2 D E A D FE 5 2 F 3 2 F FE 5 3 1 D 1 E 3

E 5 3 3 BE 9 7 0050 RE 5 3 7 BB OE 0060 R

E 5 3 8 5 F

E 5 3 C 5 EE 5 3 D 58E 5 3 E 58

E 5 3 F 58E 5 4 0 I FE 5 4 1 07E 5 4 2 C F

E 5 4 3

E 5 4 3E 5 4 3 E A 0 3 DAE 5 4 6 E C

E 5 4 7 A 8 OBE 5 4 9 7 4 F B

E54B OA FFE 5 4 D 7 5 19

C 2 7 T E S lJ ZAND

ANDOR

C 2 8 O U T

MOVC 2 9 M O V

ANDSARSAR

AH, 2 , S E T C R T R E G 7C 2 8 , N O, GO R ETU R N C U R R EN T SE TT IN GS

A L , N O T C R T R E G , C L E A R O L D C R T V A L U EBH, C R TR EG , B E S U RE U N R E L AT E D B I T S A R E Z E ROA L , BH , OR I N NEW V A L U E

D X , A L , S E T N E W V A L U E SP A G D A T , A L , S A V E C OP Y I N RA M

E L , A L , G E T C P U R EG V A L U EE L , C P U RE G , C LE A R EX T R A B I T SE L , I , R I G H T JU S T IF Y I N E L

E L . 1

S A R B L , I

M O V B H , A L , G E T C R T R E G V A L U EAND BH, C R TR EG , C LE AR E X T R A B I T S

POP D I , R ESTOR E SOM E R EGS

POP SIPOP AX , D I S C A R D S A V E D 8 X

J M P C 2 2 , R E T U R N

ACT-D I SP-PAGE ENDP

, READ-CURSOR

______-________________--_--___--- -____--- -__-- -____

T H I S R O U T I N E R E A D S T H E C UR R E N T CU R SO R V A L U E F R O M T H E

6 8 4 5 , F O RM A TS I T , AND S E N DS I T B A C K TO TH E C A LL E R

BH - PAGE OF CURSOR

DX - R OW , C OL U M N OF TH E C U R R EN T C UR SOR P O S IT IO N

CX - CURRENT CURSOR MODE

, I N P U T

, O U T P U T

_______---______-___--- - - -___---___--- - -__-READ-CURSOR PROC NEAR

M O V B L , B HXOR BH,BH

S A L E X , 1 , WORD OFFSETM OV D X , C B X + O F F S E T C U R SO R - PO S N IMOV CX , CURSOR-MODE

POP D I

P O P SIPOP EXPOP AX , D IS C AR D SAVE D CX AND D XPOP AXPOP D SP O P E S

I R E T

READ-CURSOR ENDP

, S E T C O L O R

__--____________________________________---__

T H I S R O U T I N E WILL E S T A B L I S H T H E B A C KG R O U ND C O L OR , T H E

OVER SC AN C OL OR , AND TH E FOR EGROU ND C OL OR SET FOR GR AP H IC S

( B H ) H AS C OL OR I D

, I N P U T

I F B H Z O , T H E B A CK G R O UN D CO L O R V A L U E IS S E TF RO M T H E LO W B I T S O F 8L ( 0 - 3 1 )

I N G R A P H I C M O D ES , B O T H T H E B A CK G R O U ND A NDB O R D ER A R E S E T I N A L P H A M OD ES , O N L Y T H EBOR D ER IS S E T

B A S ED O N T H E L O U B I T O F E LI F B H Z I , T H E P A L E T T E S E L E C T I O N IS M AD E

2 COLOR MODE0 = W H I T E F O R COLOR 1

1 = B L A C K FOR C OL OR I4 COLOR MODES

0 = GR EEN , R ED , YEL L OW FORC O L O R S 1 , 2 , 3

C O L O R S 1 , 2 , 3I = BL U E. C YAN , M AGEN TA FOR

16 C OL OR M OD ESA LW A YS S E T S U P P A L E T T E A S

B L U E F O R C O L O R 1GR EEN FOR C OL OR 2C Y A N F O R C O L O R 3RED FOR COLOR 4M AGEN TA FOR C OL OR 5BROWN FOR COLOR 6L I G H T G R A Y F O R C O L O R 7D AR K GR AY FOR C OL OR 8

L I G H T B L U E F O R C OL OR 9L I G H T G R EE N F O R C OL O R 10

L I G H T C Y A N F O R C O L O R 1 1L I G H T R E D F O R C OL O R 12L I G H T M A G E NT A F O R C O L OR 13Y E L LO W F O R C O L OR 1 4W H I T E F O R C O L O R 15

( E L ) H A S T H E C OL OR V A L U E T O B E US E D

T H E C O L O R S E L E C T I O N IS U P D A T E D, O U T P U T

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _SET-COLOR PROC NEA R

C 3 0 I N A L, DX , SYN C U P VGA FOR R EG AD D R ESS

M OV D X,VGA- C TL , 110 P O R T F O R P A L E T T E

T E S T A L , B , IS V E R T I C A L R E T R A CE O N?

J Z C 3 0 , NO, W A IT U N T I L I T ISOR BH ,BH , IS T H I S C O L O R 0”

J N Z C 3 1 , OU TPU T C OL OR I

8/12/2019 jrtech


E54FE554E556E558E 5 1 9E 5 5 BE 5 5 CE 5 5 EE15FE 5 6 1E 5 6 2E 5 6 5

E568E 5 6 BE 5 6 EE 5 7 0E 5 7 2E 5 7 4E 5 7 6E 5 7 8E 5 7 AE 1 7 CE 5 7 EE 5 8 1E m 3E585E588E S E AE 5 B B€SEE

E 5 9 0E 5 9 2E 5 9 3E 5 9 6E 5 9 7E 5 9 9E 5 9 AE 5 9 CE 5 9 EESAOE 5 A 3E 5 A 5E 5 A 6E 5 A 7E 5 A 9E 5 A B

E S A DE 5 A EE S B 1

EO 3 E 0049 R 0 472 06BO 10E EE A C 3E EBO 02E EE A C 3E €A 2 0066 RE 9 OF70 R

A 0 0049 RE9 O D 9 5 R3 C 0674 OF3 C 0 474 08

3 C 057 4 043 C O A75 2 089 ODSD RDO CB73 03E 3 C 1 04EB D 943E9 000384 11

E A C 4E E2 E : E A 07

E EF E C 443E 2 F4E ODE 11

E9 OOOFE A C 4E EE EF E C 4E 2 F E32 CO

E EE 9 OF70 R

E 5 B 1

E 5 B l E A 26 0 0 4 A RE S B S A 0 0049 RE 5 8 8 E A 3 E 0062 RE 5 B C 1F

E 5 8 0 B EE S B E 59E 5 B F E 9 O F 7 3 RE 5 C 2

E 5 C 2E S C 2 53E S C 3 EB D EE 5 C 5 E A C 4E 5 C 7 F6 2 6 0 0 4 A RE S C B 32 FFESCD 03 C 3E L C F D l EOE501 58E 5 D 2 C 3E 5 D 3

CMPJ CMOVOUTMOVOUT

C 3 0 5 M O VOUTMOVOUTMOVJMP

H A N D L Ek31 MOVMOVCMPJ ECMPJ ECMPJ ECMPJ N E

C 3 2 M O VC 3 3 R O R

J N CADD

C34 MOVI NCMOVMOV

C 3 5 M O VOUTMOVOUTI NCI N CLOOPJ M P

C36 MOVMOV

C37 MOVOUTOUT1NCLOOP

C3B XOR

OUTJ M P

--_---

SET-COLOR

COLOR 0 B Y SETTI NG THE BACKGROUND COLOR

AND BORDER COLOR

CRT-MODE,4 ; I N A L P H A M OD E?C 3 0 5 ; YES, JUS T SET BORDER REGA L , I O H ; S E T P A L E T T E R E G 0DX, AL ; S E L E C T V G A R E GA L , E L ; GET COLOROX, AL , S ET I TAL, 2 ; SET BORDER REGDX, AL ; SEL ECT VGA BORDER REGA L, E L ; GET COLOR

C R T - P A L L E T T E , A L ; SAVE THE COLOR VALUEVIDEO-RETURN

AL,CRT-MODE ; GET CURRENT MODECX. OFFSET MOO72 : P O I N T T O 2 C O L OR T A B L E E N T R Y

DX, AL ; S E T I T

COLOR 1 B Y C H A N G IN G P A L E T T E R E G I S T E R S

AL, 6c33AL, 4C 3 2AL, 5

C 3 2A L , O A HC 3 6CX, OFFSET MOO74 ,E L , 1c34C X , M 0 0 7 2 L

EX, CXE XC X, M O O 7 2 L - 1 ,AH, IIH

AL, AHOX, ALA L , C S C B X I ,D X , A LA HE Xc35S H O R T C 3 EAH, 11H

CX, 15AL, AHOX, A LOX, ALAHc37A L , A L

D X , A LVIDEO-RETURNENDP

2 COLOR MODE?YES, JUMP4 COLOR MODE?YES, JUMP

YES, JUMP4 COLOR MODE?NO, GO TO 16 COLOR SET UPP O I N T T O 4 C O L O R T A B L E E N T R YS E L E C T A L T E R N A T E S E T ?NO, JUMPP O I N T T O N E X T E N T R YT A B L E A D DR ES S I N E XS K I P OVER BACKGROUND COLORSET NUMBER OF REGS TO F I L LAH IS REGI STER COUNTER

GET REG NUMEERS EL EC T I TGET DATAS ET I TNEXT REGN E X T T A B L E V A L U E

4 COLOR MODE^

AH IS REGI STER COUNTERN U M E E R O F P A L E T T E SGET REG NUMBERS EL EC T I TS E T P A L E T T E V A L U ENEXT REG

S E L E C T L OW R E G TO E N A B L E V I D E OA G A I N

-................................................., V I D E O S T A T E, R E TU R NS T H E C U RR E NT V I D E O S T A T E I N AX, AH NUMBER OF COLUMNS ON THE SCREEN, A L = C U R R E N T V I D E O M O D E, B H = C U R R E N T A C T I V E P A G E_____________________----_--__----_---_----------

~IDEO-STATE PROC NEARMOV AH,BY TE PTR CRT-COLS GET NUMEER OF COLUMNS

MOV BH, ACTI VE-PAGE , G E T C U RR E N T A C T I V E P A G EPO P D I , R E C O V E R R E G I S T E R SPOP SIPOP c x , D I S C A R D S A V E 0 E XJ M P C 2 2 , R E T U R N T O C A L L E R

MOV AL,CRT-MODE , C U R ~ E N T MODE

VI DEO-STATE ENDP

, P O S I T I O N

, - O F A C H A R A C TE R I N T H E A L P H A M O DE, I N P U T

, OUTPUT

60s ON PROC NEARP U S H E X , S A V E R E G I S T E RMOV BX,AXMOV AL , AH , ROWS TO ALMUL BYT E PTR CRT-COLS , DETERMI NE BYTES TO ROWXOR BH,BHADD AX,BX , A DD I N CO LU M N V A L U ESAL AX , I , 0 2 F O R A T T R I B U T E B Y T E S

POP EXR E T

________________--__---------------

T H I S S E R V I C E R O U T I N E C A L C U L A T E S T HE R E G E N B U F F E R A D D RE S S

AX = ROW, COLUMN PO SI T I ON

AX = O F F S E T O F CH AR P O S I T I O N I N R EG E N B U F F E R....................................

P OS I T I ON ENDP

, S C R O L L U P..........................................

T H I S R O U T I N E M O VE S A BL O C K O F C HA R A C TE R S U PON THE SCREEN

( A H ) = CURRENT CRT MODE( A L ) = NUMBER O F ROWS TO SCROLL( C X ) = ROW/COLUMN OF UPPER L EF T CORNER( D X ) = ROWlCOLUMN OF LOUER RI GHT CORNER( E H ) = A T T R I B U T E T O B E US ED O N B L A N K ED L I N E( O S ) = DATA SEGMENT( E S ) = REGEN BUFFER SEGMENT

NONE -- T H E R E G E N B U F F E R IS M O D I F I E D

, I N P U T

, OUTPUT

...........................................

ROM BIOS

8/12/2019 jrtech


E 5 D 3

E 5 D 3

E 5 D 5

E S D E

E 5 D AESD D

ESD D

E S D E

E 5 E OE 5 E 3

E 5 E 5

E 5 E 7

E 5 E 9E 5 E E

E 5 E E

E 5 F O

E 5 F 2E 5 F 4

E 5 F 6

E 5 F 7

E 5 F 9

E S F C

E 5 F E

E 6 0 0

E 6 0 2

E 6 0 5E 6 0 7

E 6 0 9

E 6 0 9

E 6 0 9E 6 0 C

E 6 10

E 6 1 2

E 6 1 4

E 6 16E 6 1 8

E 6 1 A

E 6 1CE 6 2 0

E 6 2 2

E 6 2 4

E 6 2 8

E 6 2 A

E 6 2 8

E 6 2 CE 6 2 E

E 6 2 F

E 6 2 FE 6 2 FE 6 3 1

E 6 3 2

E 6 3 3

E 6 3 5E 6 3 6

E 6 3 7

E 6 3 8

E 6 3 8

E 6 3 8

E 6 3 A

E 6 3 E

E 6 3 D

E 6 3 E

E 6 3 F

E A D E

EO F C 0 47 2 0 3E 9 F259 R

53B E C l

E 8 E 6 0 9 R7 4 200 3 F O

B A E 6

2 A E 3E 8 E 6 2 F R0 3 F5

03 F D

F E C C

7 5 F 558

EO 20E E E 6 3 8 R

0 3 F D

F E C E

7 5 F 7

E 9 O F 7 0 R

E A D EE E E D

E 8 E 5 C 2 R0 3 06 0 0 4 E R

B B F E

B e FO

2 8 0 1

F E C 6F E C 2

3 2 E D

8 B 2 E 0 0 4 A R

03 E DE A C 3

F 6 2 6 0 0 4 A R

0 3 CO

06

IFO A D Ec 3

B A C A

565 7F 3 / A 5

5 F

5 Ec 3

B A C A

5 7

F 3 / A B

5 F

c3

E 6 3 FE 6 3 F F D

E 6 4 0 E A DEE 6 4 2 E O F C 0 4

E 6 4 5 7 2 0 3

E 6 4 7 E 9 F305 R

E 6 4 A 5 3

E 6 4 E EE C 2E 6 4 D E 8 E 6 0 9 R

E 6 5 0 7 4 I F

E 6 5 2 28 F O

E 6 5 4 E A E6E 6 5 6 2 A E 3

ASSU ME

MOVCMP

J C

J M P

P U S HMOVC A L L

J Z

ADD

MDV

S U E

ADD

ADD

DEC

J N ZC 4 1 P O P

MOVC 4 2 C A L L

ADD

DEC

J N Z

C 4 3 J M P

C 4 4 M O V

J M PS C R O L L U P

SC R O L L - U P

c 3 9

C 4 0 C A L L

C S C O D E . D S D A T A . E S D A T APR O C N EAR

B L , A L

AH , 4

c39G R A P H I C S - U P

E XA X , C XS C R O L L - P O S I T I O N ,c 4 4

SI, X

AH, DH

A H, B Lc 4 5

SI, P

D I , E P

AH

C 4 0AX

A L , ' 'C 4 6D I , B P

B L

C 4 2

V I D E O - R E T U R N

E L , O HC 4 1

E N D P

S AV E L I N E C OUNT I N B L

T E S T F O R G R A P H I C S M O DE

H A N D L E S E P A R A T E L Y

U P- C O N T I N U ES AV E F I L L AT T R I B UT E I N EH

U PP ER L E F T P O S I T I O N

D O S E T U P F O R S C R O L L

B L A N K - F I E L D

F R O M AD D R ESS

R O U S T O BE MO VEDMOVE ONE ROU

P O I N T TO N EX T L I N E I N BL OC K

C O UN T O F L I N E S T O M OV E

ROW-LOOPR EC OV E R A T T R I B U T E I N A H

F I L L W I TH B L A NK S

CLEAR THE ROWP O I N T T O NE X T L I N E

C O U NT E R O F L I N E S T O S C R O LL

C L EAR - L O O P

GET ROU COUNT

GO C L E A R T H A T A R E A

n ROUS IN BL O C K

-, ----- H AN D L E C O MMO N SC R O L L SET UP H E R E

S C R O L L - P O S I T I O N P R OC N E A R

C A L L P O S I T I O NAD D AX , C R T - ST AR T ,M O V D 1 , A X

MOV S I , A X

S U E D X , C X

I N C DH

I N C D L

XO R C H , C H

MOV BP,CRT-COLS ,A D D E P , E P

M O V A L , E L

M U L B Y T E P T R C R T- CO LS

AD D AX , AX

P U S H E 5

POP OS

O R B L , E LR E T

S C R O L L - P O S I T I O N E N D P

C 4 5 P R OC N E A R_ _ - _ _ _OVE-ROU

M D V C L , D LP U S H SI

P US H D I

R EP MO VSU

PO P DI

P O P SI

R E T

C 4 5 E N D P

C 4 6 P R D C N E A R

_ _ _ _ _ _ C L EAR - R O U

M O V C L , D L

P US H D IR E P S T D S U

PO P D I

R E T

C 4 6 E N D P

C O N VER T T O R E G E N P O I N T E RO F F S E T O F A C T I V E P A G E

T O AD D R ESS F O R SC R O L L

F R O M AD D R ESS F O R SC R O L LOX = X R OU S, X C O LS I N B L O CK

I N C R E M E N T F O R 0 O R I G I N

S E T HIGH BYT E O F C O U N T T O Z ER O

G E T NU ME ER O F C OL UM N S I N D I S P L A Y

T I M E S 2 F O R A T T R I B U T E B Y T E

G E T L I N E C O UN TD E T E R M I N E O F F S E T T O F RO M

A DDRE S S* 2 F OR A T T R I B U T E B Y T E

E S T A B L I S H A D D R ES S I N G T O RE G E N

B U F F E R

0 S C R O LL M E A NS B L A N K F I E L D

R E T UR N U I T H F L A G S S E T

F O R B O T H P O I N T E R S

G ET X O F C D L S T O MO VE

S A V E S T A R T A D D R E S SM O VE T H A T L I N E ON S C R E E N

R EC O VER AD D R ESSES

G ET X C O L U MN S T O C L EAR

S T O R E T H E F I L L C H AR AC T ER

, SC R O L L - D D U NT H I S R O U T I N E M OV ES T H E C H AR AC TE RS W I T H I N A D E F I N E D

B L O CK D OW N O N T H E S CR EE N, F I L L I N G T H E T OP L I N E S

W I T H A D E F I N E D C H A R A CT E R

( A H ) = CURRENT CRT MODE

, I N P U T

( A L ) N UM E ER O F L I N E S T O S C R O L L( C X ) = U P P E R L E F T C O RN ER O F R E G I O N

( D X ) = L D U E R R I G H T C O R N E R O F R E G I O N

(EH) F I L L C HA RA CT ER

( D S ) = D A T A S E G M E N T

( E S ) = R EG EN SEG MEN T

, O U PU TN O N E - - S C R E E N IS S C R O L L E D

__-__--____-___-___------------------SCROLL-DOUN

ST D

MOVCMP

J C

J M P

C 4 7 P U S H

MOVC A L L

J Z

S U E

MOVS U E

PROC NEAR

E L , A LAH, 4

c 4 7

GRAPH1 CS-DOUN

E X

AX, D XS C R OL L -P O S I T I ON ,C 5 1

S I , A X

AH , D HA H, E L

D I R E C T I O N F O R S C R O LL D DU N

L I N E C OUN T T O E LT E S T F O R G R A P H I C S

S AV E A T T R IB U T E I N EH

L O U E R R I G H T C O R N E RG E T R E G E N L O C A T I O N

51 IS F R O M AD D R ESSG E T T O T A L X R O U S

C O UN T T O M O VE I N S C R O L L

8/12/2019 jrtech


E 6 5 8 E8 E 6 2 F R

E 6 5 8 2 B F5E 6 5 D 28 F D

E 6 5 F F E CCE 6 6 1 75 F 5E 6 6 3 5 8E 6 6 4 BO 20E 6 6 6 E8 E 6 3 8 RE 6 6 9 28 FDE 6 6 8 F E C BE 6 6 D 75 F 7E 6 6 F E 8 9 1E 6 7 1 8 A DE

E 6 7 3 E8 E EE 6 7 5

E 6 7 5E 6 7 5 50E 6 7 6 5 6E 6 7 7 5 1E 6 7 8 33 F 6E 6 7 A E9 0100E 6 7 D A CE 6 7 E 4 6E 6 7 F E 2 F CE 6 8 1 59

E 6 8 2 5 EE 6 8 3 58

E 6 8 4 C 3E 6 8 5

E 6 8 5E 6 8 5 SOE 6 8 6 88 F 4E 6 8 8 3 6 : 89 4 4 OCE 6 8 C BE COE 6 8 E 88 F2E 6 9 0 B A 0 3 D AE 6 9 3 E CE 6 9 4 24 08E 6 9 6 75 F BE 6 9 8 E CE 6 9 9 2 4 08€ 6 9 8 74 F BE 6 9 0 58E 6 9 E O A COE 6 A 0 74 OCE 6 A 2 3 C 02E 6 A 4 74 17E 6 4 6 3 C 0 1E 6 A B 75 2 8E 6 A A EO 02E 6 A C E B 06E 6 A E EA C 3

E680 24 OFE 6 9 2 O C 10

E 6 8 4 E EE 6 B S BA C 7E 6 8 7 E EE 6 8 8 32 COE 6 B A EE

E 6 8 8 €0 18EQBD 84 10

E O B F EA C 4E 6 C I E EE 6 C 2 2 6 : EA 04

E 6 C 5 E EE 6 C 6 46E 6 C 7 F E C 4E 6 C 9 80 F C 2 0E 6 C C 72 F IE 6 C E BO 02

E600 EE€ 6 0 1 2 6 . EA 04E 6 0 4 €E

C 4 8 C A L L C 4 5 , MOVE ONE ROUSUB S I , B P

SUB D I , B P

DEC AHJ N Z C 4 8

MOV AL, ' '

S U B D I , B P , GO TO NEXT ROUD E C E LJ N Z C 5 0J M P C 4 3 , SCROLLJND

J M P C 4 9

C 4 9 P O P A X , R EC OV ER A T T R I B U T E I N AH

C 5 0 C A L L C 4 6 , CLEAR ONE ROU

C 5 1 MOV B L , D H

SCROLL-DOUN ENDP

, MODE -A L IV E- - - - - - -_--_--__----_____________________T H I S R O U T I N E R E A D S 2 5 6 L O C A T I O N S I N MEM OR Y A S E VE R Y O TH ERL O C AT IO N I N 5 1 2 L O CA TI ON S T H I S IS T O I N S U R E T H E D A T AINT E G RIT Y OF MEMORY DUR ING MODE CHA NGE S-____-__________________________________

~ O D E - A L I VE PROC NEARP US H A X ,S A V E US E D RE GS

P US H CXXOR S I , S I

M O V C X . 2 5 6

I N C SIL O O P C 5 2POP CXPOP SIPOP AX

R E TMODE -A L IV E E NDP

, S E T-P A L L E TTE

, I N P U T

P u s t i SI

C 5 2 L O O S E

-_______________________________________----------

T H I S R O U T I N E U R I T E S T H E P A L E T T E R E G IS T E R S

I A L I = 0 S E T P A L E T T E R E Gi eco = VALUE T O SET

(en) VALUE T O S E T

I B L ) = P A L E T T E R E G T O S E TI A L I = I SET BORDER COLOR REG

I A L I = 2 S E T A L L P A L E TT E RE GS A ND B ORDE R RE GN O T E R E G I S T E R S A R E U R I T E ON L Y

........................................................

c53:

c54:

c55:

C 5 6 :

c57:CS B :

novMOVMOV

novnovI NANDJ N ZI NANDJ ZPOPORJ ZCMPJ ECMPJ N EnovJ M PMOV

ANDOROUTnovOUTXOROUTJ M PnovnovOUTMOVOUTI NCI NCCMPJBMOV

OUTMOVOUT

PROC NEARAXSI, PA X , S S [ S 1 * 1 2 1 ,ES. AXSI, xDX,VGA-CTL ,AL, OXAL, oenc53AL, OXAL, o wc 5 4AXA L , A Lc5sAL, 2c57AL, 1c59AL, 2S H O R T C 5 6A L, B L

A L , O F H

OX, A L

O X, A LA L , A LO X, A LS H O R T C 5 9A H. IOM

AL, ion

A L , en

A L; A n

GET SEG FROM STACK

O FF SE T I N SISET VGA CONTROL PORTGE T V GA S TA TUSI N V E R T I C A L R ET RA CE ?Y ES, U A I T F OR I T TO GO AYAYGE T V GA S TA TUSI N V E R I TC A L R ET RA CE ?NO, U A I T F OR I T

S E T P A L E T T E RE G ?

S E T A L L R E G S ?

SET BORDER COLOR REG?NO, DON'T DO A NY THIN GSET BORDER COLOR REG NUMBER

G E T D E S I R E D R E G NU MB ER I N A L

S T R I P UN US ED B I T SMA K E I NT O RE A L RE G NUMBE RS E L E C T R E GG ET D A T A I N A LS E T N E Y D A T AS E T R E G 0 SO D I S P L A Y Y O RK S A G A I N

YES, GO DO I T

A H IS REG COUNTERR E G A DD R ES S I N A L

OX, AL , S EL EC T I TA L , B V T E P T R E S ( S I 1 , G E T D A T AOX, AL , P U T I N VG A R EGSI , N E X T D A T A B Y T EA H , N E X T R E GA H . 2 0 H , L A S T P A L E T T E RE G?C S B , NO, DO NE XT ONEA L , 2 , SET BORDER REG

, P U T I N ' V G A R EG

S EL EC T I TG E T D A T AD X $LAL:BYTE PTR ES r k i iOX, AL

8/12/2019 jrtech


E 6 D 4 E E

E 6 D 5 E 9 O F 7 0 RE 6 D 8

E 6 D 8

E 6 D 8 50E 6 D 9 I E

E 6 D A 8 8 ---- RE 6 D D 8 E D 8

E 6 D F A 0 0005 RE 6 E 2 E 6 10

E 6 E 4 F E C 8

E 6 E 6 A 2 0005 R

E 6 E 9 I FE 6 E A 58E 6 E E C 3

E 6 E C

E 6 F 2

E 6 F 2 E 9 O B I 8 R

E 6 F 5

E 6 F 5 50E 6 F 6 F B

E 6 F 7 2 E 8 A 25E 6 F A 2 0 26 0 0 8 4 R

E 6 F E E 4 2 1E 7 0 0 22 C 4

E 7 0 2 E 6 2 1

E 7 0 4 58

E 7 0 5 C 3

E 7 0 6

E 7 0 6E 7 0 6 5 1

E 7 0 7 28 C 9

E 7 0 9 2 E 8 A 05E 7 0 C 3 4 FF

E 7 0 E 84 06 0 0 8 4 R

E 7 1 2 7 5 03

E 7 1 4 E 2 F B

E 7 1 6 F 9

E 7 1 7 59E 7 1 8 C 3

E 7 19

E 7 1 9

E 7 1 9 5 1E 7 1 A 28 C 9E 7 1 C E C

E 7 1 D 3 C 01

E 7 1 F 7 4 05E 7 2 1 E2 F9E 7 2 3 F9E 7 2 4 E B 0 1E 7 2 6 F8

E 7 2 7 59E 7 2 8 C 3

E 7 2 9

OUT

C 5 9 J M PS ET -P A L L E T T E

MFG-UP PROC

P U S H

P U S H

ASSU ME

MOV

MOV

MOV

OUTD EC

MOV

ASSU MEP O P

P O PR E T

ASSU MEORG

MFG-UP ENDP

D X , A L

V I D E O - R E T U R N ,E N D P

N EAR

AX

D S

D S X X D A T A

A X , X X D A T A

D S, AX

AL , MF G - T ST ,IOH, A LA L

MFG-TST, AL

D S A B S 0DSAX

C S C O DE , D S D A T AO E 6 F 2 H~

J M P N E A R P T R B O O T -S T R A P

P U T I N VG A R EG

A L L D O N E

G E T M F G C H E C K P O I N T

O U T PU T I T T O T E S TE RD RO P I T B Y I F O R T H E N E X T T E S T

, S U B R O U T I N E TO S E T U P C O N D I T I O N S F O R T H E T E S T I N G O F 8 2 5 0 A ND8 2 5 9 IN T E R R U P T S E N A B L E S M A S K AB L E E X T E R N A L I N T E R R U P T S ,

C L E AR S T H E 8 2 5 9 I N T R R E C E I V E D F L A G B I T , A ND E N A B L E S TH E

D E V I C E ' S 8 2 5 9 I N T R ( W HI CH E VE R IS B E I N G T E S T E D)

( D S ) AD D R ESS O F SEG MEN T W HER E I N T R - F L A G IS D E F I N E D

( D I ) O F F S E T OF T H E I N T E R R U P T B I T M A SK

I NT R -F L AG B I T F O R T H E D E V I C E 0

, I T E X P E C T S TO B E P A S SE D

, U P O N R E T U R N

, N O R E G I S T E R S A RE A L T E R E D

S U I P R OC N E A R. . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . .P U S H A X

S T I , E N A B L E M A S K A B L E E X T E R N A L

M OV A H ,C S C D I I , G E T I N T E R R U P T B I T M AS K

A N D I N T R - F L A G , A H , C L EA R 8 2 5 9 I N T E R R U P T R E C ' D F L A G

I N A L , l N T A O l , C U R R E N T I N T E R R U P T S

A N D A L , A H , E N A B L E T H I S I N T E R R U P T , TO O

, I N T E R R U P T S

, B I T

OUT I N T A O I , A L , WRITE T O a 2 5 9 ( IN TER RU PT

, C O N T R O L L E R )

P O P A X

R E T

S U I E N D P

, S U B R O U T I N E W H IC H C HE CK S I F A 8 2 5 9 I N T E R R U P T IS G EN ER AT ED BY T H E

, I T E X P EC TS TO B E P A SS E D

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

8 2 5 0 I N TE R R U PT

( D I ) O F F S E T OF I N T E R R U P T B I T M A SK

( O S ) A D D R E S S O F S E G M E N T U H E R E I N T R - F L A G IS D E F I N E D

( C F ) I I F N O I N T ER R U P T IS G EN ER AT ED

( A L ) C OM P LE M EN T OF T H E I N T E R R U P T M A S K

, I T R ET UR NS

0 I F T H E I N T E R R U P T O CC UR RE D

, N O O T H E R R E G I S T E R S A R E A L T E R E D

i s 0 5 9 PR O C N EAR

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

P U S H C X

S U B cx , cx , SET PR O G R AM L O O P C O U N T

MO V AL , C S C D I 1 , G E T I N T E R R U P T M A S KX O R A L , O F F H , C O M P L E M E N T M A S K S O O N L Y T H E I N T R

, T ES T B I T IS ON

A T 2 5 T ES T I N T R F L A G , A L , 8 2 5 9 I N T E R R U P T O CC UR 7

J N E A T 2 7 - , YES - C O N T I N U E

L O O P A T 2 5 , U A I T S OM E M OR E

S T C , T I M E ' S U P - F A I L E D

A T 2 7 P O P C XR E T

C 5 0 5 9 E N DP

, S U B R O U T I N E T O U A I T F O R A L L E N A BL E D 8 2 5 0 I N T E R R U P T S TO C LE A R ( S ON O I N T R S WILL B E P E N D I N G ) E A C H I N T E R R U P T C O UL D T A K E U P T O

I M I L L I S E C O N D T O C LE A R T HE I N TE R R U P T I D E N T I F I C A T I O NR E G I S T E R WILL B E CH EC K ED U N T I L T HE I N T E R R U P T ( S ) IS C L E A R E D

O R A T I MEO U T O C C U R S

( D X ) = A D DR E S S O F T H E I N T E R R U P T I D R E G I S T E R

( A L ) = C O N T E N T S O F T H E I N T R I D R E G I S T E R

( C F ) = I I F I N TE R R U P TS A RE S T I L L P E N D IN G

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

, E X P E C T S TO B E P A S S E D

, R E T U R N S

0 I F N O I NT E R R U P T S A R E P E N D IN G ( A L L C L E A R ), N O OT H ER R E G I S T E R S A R E A L T E R E D. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

U 8 2 5 0 C P R O CP U S H

S U BA T 2 8 I N

CMP

J EL O O PS T C

J M P

A T 2 9 C L CA T 3 0 P O P

R E T

U 8 2 5 0 C E N D P

N EARC X

cx, c xA L , D X

AL , IA T 2 9

A T 2 8

S H O R T A T 3 0

c x

R E A D I N T R ID R EG

I N T E R R U P T S S T I L L PE N D IN G '

NO - GOOD F I N I S H

K E E P T R Y I N G

T I M E ' S U P - ERROR

8/12/2019 jrtech


E 7 2 9E729

E729 03F9E728 0 2 E AE 7 2 D 0175E72F OOBAE 7 3 1 O O S DE733 002FE735 0017

E737 0017E739

E739 F BE 7 3 A IEE738 52E 7 3 C 56E 7 3 D 17E 7 3 E 11

E73F 53E740 E8 F2

E742 88 F AE744 D I E 6E 7 4 6 E8 1388 RE 7 4 9 BE 94 0000 RE 7 4 D OB D 2E74F 74 13E751 OA E 4E753 74 16

E751 F E C CE757 74 47E759 F E C CE 7 5 B 74 6 CE 7 5 D F E CCE75F 75 03E761 E9 E 7 F 3 R

000 - 110

001 - 150010 - 300011 - 600100 - 1200

101 - 2 4 0 0110 - 4800111 - 4800

XO - NONE 0 - I 10 - 7 B I T S0 1 - ODD I - 2 I1 - 8 B I T SI 1 - E V E N

O N R E T UR N , T H E R S 2 3 2 I N T E R R U P T S A RE D I S A B L E D AN DC O N D I T I O N S AR E S E T AS I N C A L L T O COMMOS T A T U S ( A H = J I

S EN D T H E CH A R AC T E R I N ( A L ) O V E R TH E COMMO L I N E( A L ) R E G I S T E R IS PRESERVEDON E X I T , B I T 7 OF A H IS S E T I F T H E R O U T I N E WAS

UNA B L E TO TRA NS MIT THE B Y TE OF DA TA OV E RTH E L I N E . I F B I T 7 OF AH IS NOT S E T, THERE MA INDE R OF A H IS S E T AS I N A S T AT U SRE OUE S T, RE F E L E CTIN G THE CURRE NT S TA TUS OFT H E L I N E .

R E C E I V E A C H AR A CT ER I N ( A L ) F RO M COMMO L I N E B E F OR ER E T U R N I N G T O C A L L E R

O N E X I T , A H H A S T H E CU R R EN T L I N E S T A T U S , A S SE T B YT H E S T A T U S R O U T I N E . E X C E P T T H A T TH E O N L Y

B I T S L E F T ON, A RE T HE ER RO R B I T S( 7 , 4 , 3 , 2 . 1 ) I N T H I S C AS E, T HE T I M E OUT B I TI N D I C A T E S D A T A S E T R E AD Y U A S N OT R E C E I V E DTHUS , A H I S NON ZE RO ONL Y UHE N A N E RRORO CC UR RED ( N O T E I F TH E T IM E -O U T B I T I S S E T,O TH ER B I T S I N AH M AY N OT B E R E L I A B L E )

( A H ) = 3 R E T U R N T H E COMMO P OR T S T A T U S I N ( A X 1A H C O N T A I N S T H E L I N E C ON T RO L S T A T U SB I T 7 = T I M E O U TB I T 6 = T R A N S S H I F T R E G I S T E R E M P T YB I T 5 T R A N H O L D I N G R E G I S T E R E M P T YB I T 4 B R EA K D E TE C TB I T 3 FRA MING E RRORB I T 2 = P A R I T Y E R R O RB I T 1 OVERRUN ERRORB I T 0 = DA TA RE A DYA L CONTA INS THE MODE M S TA TUSB I T 7 R E C IE V ED L I N E S I G N AL D ET EC TB I T 6 = R I N G I N D I C A T O RB I T 5 = DA TA S E T RE A DYB I T 4 = CLEAR TO SENDB I T 3 = D E L TA R E C E I VE L I N E S I G N A L D ET EC TB I T 2 = T R A I L I N G E D G E R I N G D E TE C TO RB I T 1 = D E L T A D A T A S E T R E A D YB I T 0 = DE L TA CL E A R TO S E ND

( O X ) = P AR AM ET ER I N D I C A T I N G U H I C H R S 2 3 2 C I R D ( 0 . 1 A L L O U E D I, DA TA A REA RS 2 3 2 -B A S E CON TA IN S THE B A S E A DDRE S S OF THE 8250 ON THE, C AR D L O C A T I O N 4 0 0 H C O N T A I N S U P T O 4 R S 2 3 2 A DD R ES SE S P O S S I B L E, D A T A A R E A R S 2 3 2 - T IM - O U T ( B Y T E ) C O N T A I N S O U T ER L O O P C OU N T

V A L U E F O R T I M E O U T ( D E F A U L T = I ), UTPUT

A X M O D I F I E D A C C O R D I N G T O P A RM S O F C A L LA L L OTHE RS UNCHA NGE D

...................................................,ASSUM€ORC

D UD UD UD UD UD UD UD U

VECTORS T I

P U S HP U S HP U S HP U S HP U S HP U S HMOV

MOVS H LC A L LMOVORJ ZORJ ZDECJ ZDECJ ZDE CJ N ZJMP

A I L AB EL

R S 2 3 2 - I 0. ------

CS CODE ,DS DA TAO E 7 2 9 HUORD

1017 , 110 BAUD , T A B L E O F I N I T V AL UE746 , 110

373 , 300186 , 600

47 , 240023 , 480023 , 4800P ROC FA R

93 , 1200

TO A P P R O P R I A T E R O U T I N E, I N T E R R U P T S B A C K O N

os , SAVE SEGMENTOXS ID IcxEXS I , D X , R S 2 3 2 V A LU E TO S I

D1 ,DX , A ND T O D I ( F O R T I M E O U T S )S I , I , U O R D O F F S E T

D D S , P O I N T T O B I O S D A T A S EG ME NTD X . R S 2 3 2 - 8 A S E C S I l G ET B A S E A D DR E SS

DX, DX ,A 3 , R E T U R NAH. AH , T E S T F OR ( A H l = OA 4 , COMMUN I N I TA H , T ES T FOR ( A H l = lA 5 , S E N D A LA H , T E S T F OR ( A H ) = 2A 1 2 , R E C E I V E I N T O A LA H , T E S T F OR ( A H l = 3A 3A 10 , C O M M U N I C A T I O N S T A T U S

+E S T FOR 0 B A S E A DDRE S S

8/12/2019 jrtech


E 7 6 4

E 7 6 4 5E

E 7 6 5 59

E 7 6 6 5FE 7 6 7 5 E

E 7 6 8 5 AE 7 6 9 I FE 7 6 A C F

E 7 6 E E A E OE 7 6 0 83 C 2 03E 7 7 0 EO EOE 7 7 2 E E

E 7 7 3 8 A D 4

E 7 7 5 El 0 4

E 7 7 7 D 2 C 2

E 7 7 9 E 1 E 2 O OO E

E 7 7 D E F E 7 2 9 RE 7 8 0 03 F A

E 7 8 2 B E 94 0000 R

E 7 8 6 4 2E 7 8 7 2E 8 A 4 5 0 1E 7 8 8 E E

E 7 8 C 4 A

E 7 8 D 2E 8 A 05E 7 9 0 E E

E 7 9 1 83 C 2 03

E 7 9 4 E A C 4

E 7 9 6 24 I FE 7 9 8 E E

E 7 9 9 4 A

E 7 9 A 4 AE 7 9 E BO 00E 7 9 D E E

E 7 9 E EE 53

E 7 A O

E 7 A O 50E 7 A 1 83 C 2 0 4E 7 A 4 EO 03

E 7 A 6 E E

E 7 A 7

E 7 A 8E 7 1 9

E 7 A E

E 7 A E

E 7 E O

E 7 E I

E 7 E 3E 7 8 6E 7 8 8E 7 E 8

E 7 E 9

E 7 E E

E 7 E EE 7 C O

E 7 C 3

E 7 C 4

E 7 C 6

E 7 C 7

E 7 C 9

E 7 C C

E 7 C E

E 7 C F

€?DO

E 7 D IE 7 D 3

E 7 D 6

E 7 D E

E 7 D 9

€ 7 0 A

E 7 D C

E 7 D EE 7 E 3

E 7 E 5

E 7 E 7

E 7 E 9E 7 E E

E 7 E FE 7 F O

E 7 F 3E 7 F 7

E 7 F A

E 7 F E

E 7 F D

E 7 F EE 7 F F

4242E 7 30

E8 E 8 0 2 R

74 08

59

E A C I

EO CC 80E E I C

4 AE 7 20E 8 E E 0 2 R75 F O

83 E A 0559E A C I

E E

EE 9 E

E3 C Z 04EO 0 1EE4242

E 7 20E8 E E 0 2 R75 DE4 A

E C

A B 0 1

75 09F6 06 0071 R 80

74 F4

EE C C

2 4 I E

8 A E OEE 94 0000 RE C

E 9 E 7 6 4 R

E8 94 0000 R83 C 2 05E CE A E O

42E CE 9 E 7 6 4 R

, R E T U R N FR O M R S 2 3 23

P O P E X

P O P c xP O P D I

P O P SIP O P D X

P O P DSI R E T , R E T UR N T O C A L L E R , N O A C T I O N- _ _ - _ _N I T I A L I Z E T H E C O MM U NI CA T IO N S PO RT

A 4 M OV A H , A L , S AV E l N l T P AR M S I N A H

A D D D X . 3 , P O I N T T O 8250 C O N T R O L R E G I S T E R

M O V A L . 8 0 HO U T D X , A L , S E T D L A E Z I

M O V D L , A H , G E T P A RM S T O D L

M O V C L . 4

R O L D L , C L

AN D D X, O EH , I S O L A T E T H E M

MOV D I , O FF SE T A I , E A S E O F T A B L EADD D I , D X , P U T I N T O I N D E X R E G I S T E R

M O V D X , R S 2 3 2 - B A S E C S l I , P O I N T T O H I G H O RD ER OF D I V I S O R

I N C D X

MOV A L ,C S C D I l + I , G E T H I G H O R D E R O F D I V I S O RO U T D X , A L , S E T M S OF D I V T O 0

D E C D X

MOV A L , C S C D I I , G E T L O U O RD ER O F D I V I S O RO U T D X , A L , S E T L O U O F D I V I S O R

A D D D X . 3M O V A L , A H , G E T P A R M S B A C K

A N D A L , O I F H , S T R I P O F F TH E E AU D B I T SO U T D X , A L , L I N E C O N TR OL T O 8 B I T S

D E C D X

D E C D X

M O V A L . 0O U T D X , A L , I N T E R R U P T E N A B L E S A L L O F F

J M P S HO RT A 1 8 , C O M- ST AT U S

- _ _ - _ _E T E R M IN E E A UD R A T E D I V I S O R

-__-_-E ND C H A RA C T ER I N ( A L ) O V ER COM MO L I N E

k sP U S H A X , S A V E C H AR T O S E N D

A D D D X . 4 , M O D E M C O N T R O L R E G I S T E R

M O V A L . 3 , D T R AN D R T S

O U T D X , A L , D A T A T E R M I N A L R E A D Y , R E O U E S T T O

I N C D X , M O D E M S T A T U S R E G I S T E R

I N C D XMOV EH,30H , D A T A S E T R E A D Y C L E A R T O SEN D

C A L L U A l T - F O R - S T A T U S , A R E B O T H T R U E 7

J E A 9 , YES, R E A D Y T O T R A N S M I T CH A R

M O V A L , C L , R E L OA D D A T A B Y T E

J M P A 3 , R E T U R N

D E C D X , L I N E S T AT U S R E G I S TE R

MOV EH,ZOH , IS T R A N S M I T T E R R E A D Y

C A L L U A I T - F O R - S T A T U S , T E S T F O R T R A N S M I T T E R R E A DY

S U E D X , 5 , D A T A P O R T

P O P c x , R E CO V ER I N CX T E M P O R A R I L YM O V A L , C L , M O V E C H AR T O A L F O R O U T, S T A T U S

O U T D X , A L , O U T P U T C H A R A C T E R


, SEN D

A 7 P O P C X

A E O R A H . 8 O H , I N D I C A T E T I M E OUT

A 9 , CLEAR-TO-SEND

J N Z A 7 , R E T U R N u i T n TIME OUT SET

, I N A H

__---- E C E I V E C HA R A CT E R F R OM CO MM O L I N E612 A D D D X , 4 , M O D E M C O N T R O L R E G I S T E R

MO V AL , I , D A T A T E R M I N A L R E A D Y

O U T D X , A LI N C D X , M O D E M S T A T U S R E G I S T E R

I N C D X

MOV EH,ZOH , D A T A S E T R E A D YC A L L U A I T - F O R - S T A T U S , T E S T F O R DS RJ N Z A 8 , R E T UR N U l T H E R RO R

D E C D X , L I N E S T AT U S R E G I S TE R

T E S T A L . I , R E C E I V E B U F FE R F U L L

J N Z A 1 7 , T E S T F O R R E C B U F F F U L L

T E S T E I O S - E R E A K , B O H , T E S T F O R B R E A K K E Y

J Z A 1 6 , L O OP I F N O B R E A K KE Y

J M P A 8 , S E T T I M E O U T E RR O R

A 1 6 I N A L , DX

A 1 7 A ND A L , O O O 1 1 1 1 O E , T E S T F O R ER RO R C O N D I T I O N S O N R E C V, C H AR

M O V A H , A LM OV D X , R S 2 3 2 - E A S E C S I l D A T A P O R TI N A L . D X , k E T C H A RA C TE R F RO M L I N E

J M P A 3 R E T UR N

- _ _ - _ _OMMO P O R T S T A T U S ROUT IN^A 1 8 M OV D X , R S 2 3 2 - E A S E C S I 3

A D D D X . 5 , C O N T R O L P O R T

M O V A H , A L , P U T I N AH F O R R ET U RN

I N C D X , P O I N T T O M O DE M S T A T U S R E G I S T E R

I N A L , D X , G E T M O D E M C O N T R O L S T A T U S


U A I T F O R S T AT U S R O U T I N E

, E N TR Y E H = S TA T U S E I T ( S ) T O L O OK F O R,

D X Z A D D R O F S T A T U S R E G

, E X I T Z E RO F L A G ON = S T A T U S F O U N D

Z E RO F L A G O F F = T I M E O U T

A H Z L A S T S T A T U S R E A D

I N A L . DX , G E T LINE CONTROL STATUS

.........................................

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

8/12/2019 jrtech


E 8 0 2E 8 0 2 E A SD 0 0 7 C R

€E06 28 C SE 8 0 8 E CE 8 0 9 8 A EOE 8 0 8 2 2 C 7E 8 DD 3 A C 7E B O F 74 OBE 8 1 1 E 2 F5E 8 1 3 F E C BE 8 1 5 75 E FE 8 1 7 O A FFE 8 1 9E 8 1 9 C 3E 8 1 AE B A

E 8 1 AE B I A 80 4 0E 8 1 C E 6 4 3E 8 1 E 50 ,

E 8 1 F 58E 8 2 0 E 4 4 1E 8 2 2 8 A EOE 8 2 4 50E 8 2 5 58E 8 2 6 E 4 4 1E 8 2 8 86 C 4E 8 2 A C 3E828E 8 2 E

E E 2 E E 9 1 3 DD R

UAITJORJTATUS PROC NEAR

UFSO S UB CX ,CXU F S l I N A L , D X , G E T S T A T U S

HOV E L , R S 2 3 2 - T I H - O U T C D I l , L O A D O U T ER L O O P C OU NT

HOV A H,A L , HOV E TO A HA N 0 A L , BH , I S O L A T E B I T S T O T E S TC HP A L , B H , E X A C T L Y = TO HA S KJ E U FS JN D , R E T U R N U I T H Z E RO F L A G O NL OO P U F S l , T R Y A G A I ND E C B LJ N Z U F S OOR BH,BH , S E T Z E RO F L A G O F F

UFS-ENDR E T

UAITJORJTATUS ENDPR S 2 3 2 - 1 0 E N D P

, T H I S R O U T IN E U I L L R EA D T I M E R 1 T H E V A L U E R EA D IS R E TU R NE D I N A X

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. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .~EAD-TIHE PROC NEAR

H O V A L . 4 0 H , L A TC H T I H E R IOUT T IH-CTL , A LP US H A X , U A I T FOR 8 2 5 3 T O I N I T I T S E L FPOP AXI N A L ,T IM E R +I . READ LSBHOV AH,AL , S A V E I T I N H I G H BY TEP U S H A X , U A I T F O R 8253 TO I N I T I T S E L FP OP A XI N A L. T I H E R + I , READ HSBX CHG A L ,A H , P U T B Y T E S I N P R OP ER O R DE RR E T

ORG OE 8 2 E H

JHP NE A R P TR K E Y B OA RD- IO

READJ I HE E NDP

..................................................................,AS YNCHRONOUS COH HU NICA TIDN S A DA P TER P OUE R ON DIA GN OS TIC TE S T, D E S C R I P T I O N, T H I S S U B R O U T I N E P ER FO R HS A T H OR OU GH C HE C K OU T O F A N I N S 8 2 5 0 L S I, C H I P, T H E T E S T I N C L U D E S, 1) I N I T I A L I Z A T I O N O F T H E C H I P T O A SS UM E I T S H A ST E R R E SE T S T A TE, 2 ) R E A D I N G R E G I S T E R S F O R K N O UN P ER H A N EN T Z ER O B I T S, 3 ) T E S T I N G T H E I N S 8 2 5 0 I N T E R R U P T S Y ST E H AN D T H AT T H E 8250, I N T E R R U P T S T R I GG E R A N 8 2 5 9 ( I N T E R R U P T C O N T RO L L E R) I N T E R R U P T, 4 ) P E R F O R H I N G T H E L D O P B A C K T E S T, A ) T E S T I N G U H AT U A S U R I T T E N / R E A O A N D T H A T T H E T R A N S H I T T E R

H O L D I N G R E G E H P T V E I T A N 0 T H E R E C E I V E R I N T E R R U P T U OR KP R O P E R L Y

A R E ‘ L O O PE D B A C K ’ T O T H O SE I N T H E D A T A S E T S T A T U SRE G1 S TE R

T E S T IS F I N I S H E D

, 8) T E S T I N G I F C E R T A I N B I T S O F T H E D A T A S E T C O NT RO L R E G I S T E R

, C ) T E S T I N G T H A T T H E T R A N S H IT T E R IS I D L E U H EN T R A N S H I S S I O N

, T H I S S U B R O U T I N E E X P E C T S TO H A V E T H E F O L L O U I N G P A R A H E T E R P A S S E D, ( D X ) = A D DR E SS O F T H E I N S 8 2 5 0 C A R 0 T O T E S T, N O T E T H E A S S U H P T I O N H A S B E E N H A D E T H A T T H E H O D E H A D A P T E R IS

, I T R ET UR NS, ( C F ) = 1 I F A NY P O R T I O N OF T H E T E S T F A I L E D

, ( 8 x 1 = F A I L U R E K E Y F O R E RR OR H ES S AG E ( O N L Y V A L I D I F T E S T F A I L E D ), (EH) = 2 3 H S E R I A L P R I N T E R A DA PT ER T E S T F A I L U R E

, ( E L ) E 2 P ER H AN E NT Z ER O B I T S I N IN T E R R U P T E N A B L E R E G I ST E R

---- L O CA T ED A T 0 3F B H , T H E S E R I A L P R I N T E R AT 0 2 F 8 H

= 0 I F T E ST P AS SE D

= 2 4 H H O DE H A DA PT ER T E S T F A I L U R E

U E R E I N C O R R E C T

R E G I S T E R U E R E I N C O R R E C T

U E R E I N C O R R E C T

UE RE INCORRE CT

( T H E I N T E R R U P T U A S N O T G E N E R A T E D )

3 P ER H AN EN T Z ER O B I T S I N I N T E RR U P T I D E N T I F I C A T I O N

4 P ER H AN E NT Z ER O B I T S I N D A T A S E T C ON T RO L R E G I S T E R

5 P ER MA NE NT Z ER O B I T S I N T H E L I N E S T A T U S R EG I S T ER

6 R E C E I V E D D A T A A V A I L A B L E I N T E R R U P T T E S T F A I L E D

16H R E C E IV E D D A T A A V A I L A B L E I N T E R RU P T F A I L E D T O C L EA R7 R E SE R V ED F O R R E P O R T I N G T H E T R A N S H I T T E R H O L D I N G

R E G I ST E R E H P TV I N T ER R U P T T E ST F A I L E D( N O T U SE D A T T H I S T I H E B E C A US E OF T H E D I F F E R E N C E SB ET WE EN TH E 8 2 5 0 ’ 5 U H I C H U I L L B E U SE D )

1 7 H T R A N S H IT T E R H O L D I N G R E G E H P T V I N T R F A I L E D TO C L E AR8-8 R E C E I VE R L I N E S T AT U S IN T E R R U P T T E S T F A I L E D

( T H E I N T E R R U P T U A S N O T G E N E RA T E D)8 - OVERRUN ERROR9 - P A R I T Y E R R O RA - FRA MING E RRORE - B RE A K INT E RR UP T ERROR

18-18 R E C E I VE R L I N E S T A T U S I N T E R R U P T F A I L E D T O C L EA RC - F H O DE H S T A T U S I N T E R R U P T T E S T F A I L E D

( T H E I N T E R R U P T U A S N O T G E N E R A T E D )

C - DE L TA CL E A R TO S E ND E RRORD - DE L TA DA TA S E T RE A DY E RRORE - T R A I L I N G E DG E R I N G I N D I C A T O R E RR ORF - D E L T A R E C E I V E L I N E S I G N A L D E T E C T ER RO R

8/12/2019 jrtech


= 0 0 8 4

E 8 3 1

E 8 3 1 1 EE 8 3 2 E 4 2 1E 8 3 4 50E 8 3 5 O C 0 1

E 8 3 7 E 6 2 1E 8 3 9 9 C

E 8 3A 5 2E 8 3 8 E 8 I 3 8 8 R

E 8 3 E E 8 O A C 4 RE 8 4 1 73 03E 8 4 3 E 9 E 9 4 8 R

E 8 4 6 B F 0 0 4 1 RE 8 4 9 33 F 6E 8 4 B 80 F E 0 2E 8 4 E 75 0 2E 8 5 0 4 6E 8 5 1 4 7

E 8 5 2 E 8 E 6 F 5 RE 8 5 5 F E C 3E 8 5 7 4 2

E 8 5 8 B O 0 1

E 8 5 A E EE 8 5 8 53E 8 5 C 8 3 C 2 0 4E 8 5 F 8 4 0 1

E 8 6 1 BE 0 4 0 0

E 8 6 4 E 9 0003E 8 6 7 E 8 OA F8 RE 8 6 A 58E 8 6 8 3 C F FE 86 D 7 4 3 6E 8 6 F E 8 E 7 0 6 RE 0 7 2 72 33E 8 7 4 4 AE 8 7 5 4 AE 0 7 6 E CE 8 7 7 4 2E 8 7 8 4 2E 8 7 9 E B E 7 1 9 RE 8 7C 7 3 03E 8 7 E E 9 E 9 4 8 R

I C - I F1 0 H

1 1 H

1 2 H

13H

1 4 H

1 5 H

. O N E X I T .

M OD EM S T A T U S I N T E R R U P T F A I L E D T O C L E ARA N 8 2 5 0 I N T E R R U P T O CC U RR ED A S E X P E C T E D , B U T NO8 2 5 9 ( I N T R C O N T RO L L E R ) I N T E R R U P T WAS GE N ER A TE DD U R l N G T H E T R A N S M I S S I O N T E S T , T H E T R A N S M I T T E RH O L D I N G R E G I S T E R U A S N O T E M P TY W H EN I T S H OU LDH A V E B E E ND U R I N G TH E T R A N S M I S S I O N T E S T , T H E R E C E I V E D D A T AA V A I L A B L E I N T E R R U P T D I D N ' T O CC URT R A N S M I S S I O N E R R O R - T H E C H A R A C T E R R E C E I V E DDU RIN G LOOP MODE WAS NOT THE SAME AS THE ONET R A N S M I T T E DD U R I N G T R A N S M I S S I O N T E S T , T H E 4 D A T A S E T C O NT R OLOUTPU TS UERE NOT THE SAME AS THE 4 DATA SET

C O N T R O L I N P U T S .T H E T R A N S M I T T E R WAS N O T I D L E A F T E R T H E T R A NS -M I S S I O N T E S T C O M PL ET E D

- T H E MOD EM OR S E R I A L P R I N T E R ' S 8 2 5 9 I N T E R R U P T ( W H IC H E V E R

- T HE 8 2 5 0 I S I N TH E M AS TE R R ES ET S T A T ED E V I C E W AS T E S T E D ) IS D I S A B L E D

, ONLY THE D S R E G I S T E R IS PRESERVED - A L L O T H E R S A R E A L T E R E D________________________________________---------------

~ R A P EQU

ASSUMEUART PROC

P u s nI NP U S HOR

OUTP U S H F

P U S HC A L L

8 4 ~

CS CODE, DS D ATA

D SA L , I N T A O IAXA L , 0000000 1B ,

I NTAO I , A L

NEAR

DXDOS

L O O P B A C K T R A N S M I S S I O N T E S TI NTE RR UPT VECTOR ADDRESS( I N D I AG N O S TI CS )

C U R R E NT E N A B L E D I N T E R R U P T SS A VE FO R E X I TD I S A B L E T I M E R I N T R D U R I N G T H I S

T E S T

S A VE C A L L E R ' S F L A G S ( S A V E I N T RF L A G )SAVE BASE ADDRESS OF ADAPTER CAR0SET UP ' DA TA ' AS DATA SEGMENTADDRESS..................................................................

I N I T I A L I Z E P O R T S F O R M A ST E R R E S E T S T A T E S AN D T E S T P E RM A NE N TZ E RO D A T A B I T S FO R C E R T A I N P O R TS

C A LL 1 8 2 5 0J N C A T 1 , A L L O KJ M P A T 1 4 , A P O R T ' S Z E RO B I T S U E R E L u S ZERO'

I N S 8 2 5 0 I N T E R R U P T SY S TE M T E S TO N LY T H E I N T E R R U P T B E I N G T E S T ED W I L L B E E N A BL E D

S E T DI AND SI F OR C A L L S TO ' S U I '

XOR S 1 , S l , MODEM I NDEXCMP DH, 2 , O R S E R I A L ?J N E A T 2 , NO - I T ' S MODEMI N C SI , I T ' S S E R I A L P R IN T ERI N C DI , S E R I A L P R I N T E R 8 2 5 9 MA SK A D DR E SSR E C E I V E D D AT A A V A I L A B L E I N T E R R U P T T E S T

..................................................................

..................................................................

..................................................................

A T 1 M OV D 1 , O F F S E T I M A S K S , B A S E A D D R ES S O F I N T E R R U P T M A S K S

A T 2 : C A L LI NCI C

MOV

OUTP U S HADDMOVMOVMOVC A L LPOPCMP -J EC A L LJ CDECDECI NI NCI NCC A L LJ N CJMP

sil I

E LD X

A L , I

DX, ALEXD X , 4AH, 1

E X , 0 4 0 0 H

I C TE XAL, OFFHA T 4C 5 0 5 9A T 5DXDXAL, DXD XDXW 8 2 5 0 CA T 3A T 13

cx,3

S E T U P FO R I N T E R R U P T SERR OR R EP OR TE R ( I N I T . I N 1 8 2 5 0 )P O I N T T O I N T E R R U P T E N A B L EREG1 STERE N A B L E R E C E I V ED D A T A A V A I L A B L EI NTR

SAVE ERROR REPORTERP O I N T T O L I N E S T AT U S R E G IS T E RS E T R E C E I V E R D A TA RE AD Y B I TI N T R T O C H EC K, I N T R I D E N T I F I E RI N T E R R U P T I D R E G ' I N D E X 'P E R FO R M T E S T F O R I N T E R R U P TR E S T O R E E R R O R I N D I C A T O RI NTERRUPT ERROR OCCUR?Y E SG E NE R AT E 8 2 5 9 I N T E R R U P T ?NO

R E S E T I N T R BY R E A D I N G R E C R B U F RD O N ' T C A R E A BO U T T H E C O N T E N T S

I N T R ID REGU A I T F OR I N T R T O C L EA ROKD I D N ' T C L E A R________________________________________-----------------

, T R A N S M I T T E R H O L D I N G R E G I S T E R E M PT Y I N T E R R U P T T E S TT H I S T E S T H A S B E EN M O D I F I E D B E CA US E T HE D I F F E R E N T 8 2 5 0 ' 5T H A T M AY B E U S E D I N P R O D U C IN G T H I S P R OD UC T D O N O T F U N C T I O N

T H E SA M E D U R I N G T H E S TA N D A RD T E S T O F T H I S I N T E R R U P T( S T A N D A R D B E I N G T H E S A ME M E T HO D F O R T E S T I N G T H E O T H ERP O S S IB L E 8 2 5 0 I N TE R R U PT S ) I T IS S T I L L V A L I D F OR T E S T IN GI F A N 8 2 5 9 I N T E R R U P T IS G E NE R AT E D I N R ES P ON S E TO T H E 8 2 5 0I N T E R R U P T AN D T H A T T H E 8 2 5 0 I N T E R R U P T C L E A R S A S I T S HO UL D

I F T H E T R A N S M I T T E R H O L D I N G R E G I S T E R E M PT Y I N T E R R U P T IS NOTGENERATED WHEN THAT I NTE RR UPT IS E NA BL ED , I T IS NOT TREATEDA S A N E R RO R H O WE VE R. I F T H E I N T E R R U P T IS G E NE R AT E D, I TM U S T G EN E R A TE A N 8 2 5 9 I N T E R R U P T AN D C L E AR P R O P E R L Y T O P A S ST H I S T E S T

..................................................................

8/12/2019 jrtech


€881 €8 E 6 F 5 RE 6 6 4 F E C 3E B B 6 4 A

E B B 7 BO 0 2

EBBS EEEBBA EB 00E 8 8 C 42E BB 0 2 8 C 9E B B F E CE890 3c 0 2E 8 9 2 74 04E 8 9 4 E 2 F9

E 8 9 6 EB11

E898€898 EB E 7 0 6 REB9B 7 2 OA€ 8 9 0 E 8 E 7 1 9 R

EBAO 73 07E B A 2 E9 E 9 4 8 R€BAS E B 7 EE B A 7 E E 7 A

E B A 9 4 A

€ B A A BO 04E B A C E EEBAD 83 C 2 04E B B 0 89 0003€ 8 8 3 B O 0004

E B B 6 84 02E888 EB E 6 F 5 REBBE F E C 3EOEO 53E B B € E B 0601E B C l E8 OAFS R

E B C 4 58€ I C 5 24 IfE B C 7 3 A C 4E B CS 75 SAE B C B E 8 E706 REBCE 72 I 3€ 8 0 0 83 EA 0 3€ 8 0 3 EB E 7 1 9 RE806 72 70E808 40E809 74 07EBDE DO E4EBDD 83 C 2 03EBEO EB 06

E B E 2 83 C 2 04EBES EC

€ B E 6 EB 00E B E B 83 E A 05

EBEB EO OBEBED EE

E B F l 89 0004E B F 4 E D 0004E B F 7 84 01

E B F 9 E8 E 6 F 5 RE B F C F E C 3E B F E 53E B F F BB 0001

E 9 0 2 E8 O A F 8 RE 9 0 5 SBE 9 0 6 2 4 O F

E90A 75 19E 9 0 C E8 E 7 0 6 RE 9 0F 7 2 1 2E911 83 E A 04

E e E E e3 c2 05

€ 9 0 8 3~ c4

A T 3

A T 3 1

A T 3 2

A T 4A T 5

C A L LI NCDEC

MOV

OUTJMPI NCSUBI NCMPJ ELOOP

JMP

C A ~ L

J CC A L L

J NCJMPJMPJMP

S U IB LOX

AL, 2

OX, AL* *2OX

AL, OXAL, 2A T 3 2A T 3 I

SHORT AT6

cx, c x

c5059A T 5U B 2 5 0 C

A T 6AT 13S H O R T A T 1 1 ;

SHORT AT10

SET UP FOR INTERR UPTSBUMP ERROR REPORTERP O I NT T O I NT E RRUP T E NA B LEREG1 STERENABLE XMITTER HOLDING REG EMPTYI NTR

I10 DE LA YI N T R I D E N T I F I C A T I O N REG

READ I TXMITTER HOLD ING REG EMPTY IN TR?YES

T HE I NT R D I DN ' T O CCUR - TRY NEXTT E S TT HE I NT R D I D O CCURG E NE RA T E 8259 I NT E RRUP T ?NOU A I T F O R THE I NT E RRUP T T O CLE A R( I T S H OU LD A L RE AD Y BE CLEARB E CA U SE ' I C T ' R EA D T H E I N T R I DREG 1I T C LE AR EDERRORAVOID OUT OF RANGE JUMPS

A T 6 : DE C

MOVOUTADDMOVMOVMOV

A T 7 : C A L LI NCPUSHMOVC A L L

POPANDCMPJ N EC A L LJ CSUBC A L LJ CDECJ ESHLADDJMP

OX

AL, 4OX, ALOX, 4cx, 3BP, 4AH, 2suIB LB XBX, 060 1 HI CT

B XAL, 000 I IA L , A HA T 1 1c5059AT 10OX, 3U 8 2 5 0 CAT I 3B PA T 8AH, 1

OX, 3A T 7

P O I NT TO I NT E RRUP T E NA B LERE G I S T E RE N A B L E R E C E I VE R L I N E ST A T U S I N T R

P O I N T TO L I N E S T A T US R E GI S T E RI N T R I D RE G ' I N D E X 'LOOP COUNTERI N I T I A L B I T TO BE TESTEDS E T UP F O R I NT E RRUP T SBUMP ERROR REPORTERSAV E I TI N T R T O C HEC K, I N T R I D E N T I F I E RPERFORM TEST FOR INTERR UPT

MASK OUT B I T S THAT DON'T MATTERT E ST B I T O N?NOG E NE RA T E 8259 I NT E RRUP T ?NOI N T R I D R EGU A I T FO R THE I N T R T O CLE A RI T D ID N ' TA L L F OU R 8 1 7 5 T E S TE D ?YES - GO ON TO NEXT TESTG ET RE ADY FO R NEX T B I TL I N E S T AT U S R E GI S TE RT E ST NE XT B I T

ATE: ADDI N

JMPSUBMOVOUTADDMOVMOVMOV

A T 9 : C A L LI NCPUSHMOVC A L LPOPANDCMPJ N EC A L LJ CSUB

OX, 4

AL, OX

.+2OX, 5AL, B

OX, ALOX, 5

cx, 4BP, 4AH, I

suE LEXBX, 000 1 HI CTB XAL, OOOOllllBAL, AHA T 1 1C S 0 5 9AT 10

DX, 4

MODEM STATUS REGISTERCLE A R DE LT A B I T S T HA T M AY BE ONBECAUSE OF DIFFERENCES AMONG8 2 5 0 ' 5 .I10 DE LA YI NT E RRUP T E NA B LE RE G I S T E RENABLE MODEM STATUS INTERRUPT

POINT TO MODEM STATUS REGISTERI N T R I D REG ' I N D E X 'LOOP COUNTERI N I T I A L B I T TO B E T E S T E D

SET UP FOR INTERR UPTSBUMP ERROR INDICATORSA VE I TI N T R TO C HE CK , I N T R I D E N T I F I E RPERFORM TEST FOR INTERR UPT

MASK OUT B I T S THAT DON'T MATTERT ES T B I T O N?NOG E NE RA T E 8259 I NT E RRUP T ?NOI N T R I D R EG

8/12/2019 jrtech


E 9 1 4 E 8 E 7 1 9 RE 9 1 7 7 2 2 FE 9 1 9 4DE 9 1A 7 4 DE

E 9 1 C DO E 4E 9 1 E 83 C 2 04

E 9 2 1 E E 0 6

E 9 2 3 E3 10

E 9 2 5 E 8 2 4

E 9 2 7 4 2E 9 2 8 E 8 F 0 8 5 R

E 9 2 E E3 C 2 0 4E 9 2 E E CE 9 2 F E E 00

E 9 3 1 OC 10

E 9 3 3 E EE 9 3 4 E E 00E 9 3 6 42E 9 3 7 4 2E 9 3 8 E C

E 9 3 9 E E 00E 9 3 E E3 E A 06E 9 3 E E C

E 9 3 F 4 2E 9 4 0 EO 00

E 9 4 2 CD E 4E 9 4 4 81 00E 9 4 6 73 05E 9 4 8 EO C 3 10

E 9 4 E B 1 01

E 9 4 D 5 AE 9 4 E 53E 9 4 F E 8 O AC 4 RE 9 5 2 5 8E 9 5 3 2 E : 8 A 2 5E 9 5 6 2 0 2 6 0 0 8 4 RE 9 5 A 80 F 4 F FE 9 S D E 4 2 1

E 9 5 F OA C 4E 9 6 1 E 6 2 1E 9 6 3 9 D

E 9 6 4 OA C 9E 9 6 6 7 4 OCE 9 6 8 E 7 2 4E 9 6 A EO F E 0 2E 96 D 7 5 0 2E 9 6 F 87 2 3E 9 7 1 F9E 9 7 2 E E 0 1

E 9 7 4 F 8E 9 7 5 5 8E 9 7 6 E 6 2 1E 9 7 8 I FE 9 7 9 c3E 9 7 AE 9 8 7E 9 8 7 E 9 1 5 6 1 R

, CURRENT STATE, l l 0 D E L A Y, S E T B I T 4 O F D A T A S E T C O NT RO L R E G

, 110 DELAY

, MODEM STATUS REG, C L E AR P O S S I E L E M O DE M S T A T U S, I N T E R R U P T U H I C H C O UL D B E C AU SE D, B Y T H E O U TP U T B I T S B E I N G L O O PE D

, TO TH E IN P U T B I T S, I10 D E L A Y, R E C E I V E R B U F F E R, DUMMY READ TO CLEAR DATA READY, B I T I F I T U EN T H I G H ON U R I T E TO, MCR

_____________--__--_----------------_-T E S T

ADDI NJMPOROUTJMPI NCI NCI N

DX, 4AL, DXs + 2A L , 000 O O O O E

DX, ALs + 2DXDXAL, DX

J M P S + 2S U B D X . 6I N A L,D X

PERFORM THE LOOP BACK

I N C D X ; I N T R E N E L R E GM O V A L . 0 , S E T F OR I N T E R N A L U R A P T E S T

I N T U R A P , 00 L O O P B A C K T R A N S M I S S I O N T E S Tnov C L . 0 ; ASSUME NO ERRORSJ N C A T 1 5 ; URAP TEST PASSED

A T 1 3 : A DD E L , I O H , E R R O R I N D I C A T O R

AN ERROR UAS ENCOUNTERED SOMEWHERE DU RIN G THE TE ST

A T 1 4 : M DV C L , 1 , S ET F A I L I N D I C AT O R

H O US EK EE PIN G R E - I N I T I A L I Z E T HE E 2 5 0 P OR TS ( TH E L OO P B I TU I L L B E R E S E T ) , D I S A B L E T H I S D E V I C E I N T E R R U P T , S E T U PREG I STE R EH I F AN ERROR OCCURRED, AND SET OR RESET THECARRY FLAG.

A T 1 5 P O PP U S HC A L LPOPMOVANDXORI NOROUTP O P F

ORJ EnovCMPJ N EMDV

A T 1 6 S T CJ M P

A T 1 7 C L CA T 1 8 P O P

OUTPOPR E T

ORGJ M P

UART ENDP

DXE XI 2 5 0E XAH,CS C D I I ,I NTR-FLAG, AH ,AH, OFFHA L , I TAO IA L , A HI N T A O I , A L

CL , CLAT 17E H , 2 4 HDH, 2A T 1 6BH, 2 3 H

S H O R T A T 1 8

AXI NTAO 1, A LD S

O E 9 8 7 HNEAR PTR KE- I NT

G ET B A S E A D D R ES S O F 8 2 5 0 A D A P TE RSAVE ERROR CODER E - I N I T I A L I Z E E 2 5 0 PO RTS

G E T D E V I C E I N T E R R U P T MA SKC L EA R D E V I C E ' S I N T E R R U P T F L A G B I TF L I P B I T SG ET C U R R E N T I N T E R R U P T P O RTD I S A B L E T H I S D E V I C E I N TE R R U PT

R E - E S T A B L I S H C A L L E R ' S I N T E R R U P TF L A G

ANY ERRORS?NOASSUME MODEM ERROROR IS I T S ER IA L?I T ' S M ODEMI T ' S S E R I A L P R IN T E RS E T C A RR Y F L A G T O I N D I C A T E E RR O R

R E S E T C A R R Y F L A G - NO ERRORSR E S TO R E E N T R Y E N A B LE D I N T E R R U P T SD E V I C E I N T R S R E - E S T A B LI S H E DR E S T O R E R E G I S T E R

-................................................, NEC-OUTPUT

T H I S R O U T I N E S E N D S A B Y T E T O T H E N E C C O NT R O LL E R

A F T E R T E S T I N G F O R C O RR EC T D I R E C T I O N A ND C O N T R OL L ER R E A D YT H I S R O UT IN E U I L L T I M E OUT I F T HE B Y T E IS NOT ACCEPTEDU I T H I N A R E AS O N A B LE A MO UN T O F T IM E , S E T T I N G T HE D I S K E T T ES T A T U S O N C O M P L E T I O N

( A H ) B Y T E T O B E O U T PU T

CY 0 SUCCESSCY I F A I L U R E -- D I S K E T T E S T A T U S U P D A T E D

, I N P U T

, OUTPUT

I F A F A I L U R E H A S OC CU RR ED , T H E R ET U RN IS MADE ONEL E V E L H I G H E R T H A N T H E C A L L E R O F N E C - O U T P U TT H I S R E M OV ES T H E R E Q U I R E M E N T O F T E S T I N G A F T E R E V E R YCALL OF NEC-OUTPUT

( A L ) D E S T R O Y E D____________________------_--__---_---__---------

8/12/2019 jrtech


E 9 8 A

E S B A

E988E 9 0 CE S B FE 9 9 IE 9 9 2E 9 9 4E 9 9 6E S S EE 9 9 8E 9 9 0E S S EE 9 9 F

E S A OE 9 A 1

E S A 2E 9 A 4E 9 A 5E 9 A 7E S A 9E S A BESADESADE S A F

E 9 8 0E S B 1

E 9 B 2E S B 3E S B 4

E S B 4E S B 4E 9 8 5E 9 8 6E 9 8 8

E S B A

E S B CESCO

E S C ZE S C 3E S C S

E S C 0E S C AESCDE S C FE 9 0 2E 9 0 4E 9 0 7E S D SE S D B

ESDCESDD

E S D EESEOE S E I

525 1B A 0 0 F 433 CSE tA B 4074 ocE 2 F S

00 OE 0 0 4 1 R B O59

SA50

FSc333 CSE CA 0 B O75 04

E2 F9E B E B

OA C442

E E595 Ac3

I E5628 CO32 F F

OE 0 0

CS 36 0070 RD I E B

9cOA 2083 F B 0 1

75 05BO CC 0 1EB OC83 F B OA75 0700 F C 047 0 020 4 0 49 0

5 EI F

7 2 AAc3

NEC-OUTPUT

P U S HP U S H

novXOR

J 2 3 : I NT E S TJ ZLOOP

ORPOPPOPPOP

S T CR E T

J 2 5 . X O RJ 2 6 : I N

J 2 4

T E S TJ N ZLOOPJ M P

novI N C

OUTPOPPOPR E T

J 2 7 :

PROC NEAR

D X

cxOX, NEC-STAT

AL, OXA L , D I OJ 2 5J23

CX, cx

DIS K E TTE JTA TUS ,cxOXAX

CX, cxAL, OXAL, RQMJ27

J 2 6J 2 4

AL, AHOX

OX, ALcxOX

; S A V E R E G I S T E R S

, S T A T U S P O R T, COUNT FOR T IME OUT, G E T S T A T U S, T ES T D I R E C T IO N B I T, D I R E C T I O N O K

TINEJRROR;I ME-OUT

, SET ERROR CODE AND RESTORE REGS, D I S C A R D T H E R E T U R N A D D R E S S

, I N D I C A f E ER RO R TO C A L L E R

, RESET THE COUNT, G E T T H E S T A T U S, IS I T R EA DY ', YES, GO OUT PUT, COUNT DOWN AND TRY AGAIN, E R R O R C O N D I T I O N

, GE T B Y TE TO OUTP UT, D A TA P OR T I S 1 GREATER THAN, S T A T U S P O R T, OUTP UT THE B Y TE, R E C O V E R R E G I S T E R S

, CY = 0 F R O M T E S T I N S T R U C T I O N

, OUTPUT

NEC-OUTPUT ENDP

; GET-PARM; T H I S R O U T I N E F E T C H ES T H E I N D E X E D P O I N T E R F R OM; THE DIS K -B A S E B L OCK P OIN TE D A T B Y THE DA TA; V A R I A B L E D I S K - P O I N T E R; A B Y T E F R O M T H A T T A B L E IS THE N MOV ED I N TO A H,; T H E I N D E X O F T H A T B Y T E B E I N G T H E P A RM I N OX; E N T R Y --; 0L I N D E X ' O F B Y T E TO B E F E T C HE D It 2

.------------------------------------------

I F THE L O U B I T OF E L IS ON, THE BY TE IS I M M E D I A T E L YOUTPUT TO THE NEC CONTROLLER

; E X I T --; A H = THA T B Y TE FROM B L OCK; E X = DESTROYED.___________________-------------------------

G E T - P A R ~P U S HP U S HSUBXOR

novASSUMEL D SSHR

P U S H FnovCMP

J N ZORJMP

J 2 7 - 1 : C M PJ N ECMPJGEnov

POPPOPASSUMEJ CR E T

J 2 7 - 2 : P O P F

GET-PARM

PROC NEAR0 sSIAX, AXBH, BH

OS, AXO S A B S 0SI, I SK-POI NTER ,EX, I

A H , t S I + B X I ;

0x, I

J 2 7 - 1AH, I

S HORT J2 7 -2E X , 10

J 2 7 - 2AH, 4J 2 7 - 2AH, 4

SI0 sOS DA TANEC-OUTPUT ;

ENDP

SAVE SEGMENTS A V E R E G I S T E RZERO TO AXZERO BH

P O I N T T O B L O C KD I V I D E E X B Y 2, A ND S E T F L A G F O RE X I TS A VE OU TP UT B I TGE T THE B Y TEIS T H I S T H E P A R M W I T H D M AI NO I CATOR

TURN ON NO D MA B I T

MOTOR S TA RTUP DE L A Y ?

GREATER THA N OR EQ UA L TO 112 SEC?YES, OKAYNO, FORCE 112 S E COND DE L A YG ET OU T PU T B I T

R E S T O R E R E G I S T E RRESTORE SEGMENT

I F F L A G S E T , O U T PU T T O CO N T RO L L ERR E T U R N TO C A L L E R

...................................................., BOUND-SETUP, T H I S R O U T I N E S ET S U P B U FF E R A DD R ES S IN G F O R R E A D / U R I T E / V E R I F Y, O P E R A T I O N S, I N P U T

E S H A S O R I G I N A L B U F F E R S EG H E NT V A L U E0 P P OI NT S A T B A S E OF S A V ED P A RME TE RS ON S TA CK

E S H A S S EG M EN T W H I C H U I L L A LL OW 6 4 K A C C ES S T H EC O M B I N A T I O N E S D I AND OS SI P O I N T TO T H E B U F F E R T H I S

C A L C U L A T E D A D D R E S S W I L L A L W A Y S A C C E S S 6 4 K OF MEMORYEX DESTOYED

, OUTPUT

....................................................

8/12/2019 jrtech


ESE1

EBE l 5 1E 9 E 2 EE 5E OCE S E 5 53E S E 6 8 1 04E S E E 03 E E

E SE A E C C l

E S E C 03 CEE S E E B E C lE S F O 5E

E S F l E 1 E3 OOOFE S F S EE F3E S F 7 BE FEE S F S 59E S F A C 3E S F E

E S F EE S F E 56E S F C 53ESFD 5 1E S FE B E 0 0 7 4 RE A 0 1 EO 0 1E A 0 3 E A CAE A 0 5 E 1 E1 OOFFE A 0 9 03 F lE A OE 0 2 CO

E A 0 0EAOEE A 1 1E A 1 2E A 1 6

E A 1 8E A I CE A I FE A 2 1

E A 2 3E A 2 6E A 2 8

E A 2 EE A 2 EE A 3 0

E A 3 3E A 3 5E A 3 7E A 3 9E A 3 EE A 3 EE A 4 0E A 4 3E A 4 5E A 4 8

59BE E A 6 6 R53E 4 06 OO3E R75 18

0 8 06 0 0 3 E REO 3c 0074 12

E 4 07E E E S E A RE A E 2E 8 E S E A R

E E E A 6 F R7 2 39C 6 04 00

BA 042 A C S74 2 cE 4 O F€ 8 E S E A RE A E 2E E E S E A RE A E 5E E E S E A RE E E A 6 F R

E A 4 8 S CE A 4 C 5 1E A 40 E 3 1 2E A 4 F E E E S E 4 RE A 5 2E A 5 2 89 0226E A S S OA E 4E A 5 7 74 06E A 5 9 E 2 F EE A S E F E CCE A 5 0 E E F3E A S F 59E A 6 0 S O

E A 6 1 72 06E A 6 3 BE 2 CE A 6 5 58E A 6 6E A 6 6 58E A 6 7 5 EE A 6 8 C 3E A 6 9 C 6 04 FF

E A 6 C 5E

E A 6 0 E E F7E A 6 F

BOUND-SETUPPUSHnovPUSHnovSHR

nov

ADDMOVPOP

ANDMOVMOVPOPRET

BOUNDJETUP

PROC NEARcxE X , C E P + 1 2 1 ,EXCL, 4BX, CL

CX, ES

cx, 0xES, CXEX

EX, OOOOFHS I , E XD I , E Xcx

ENDP

S A V E R E G I S T E R SGET OFFSET OF BUFFER FROM STACKSAVE OFFSET TEMPORARILYS H I F T C O U N TSHIFT OFFSET FOR NEU SEGMENTVALUEP U T E S I N R E G IS T ER S U I T A B L E F ORADDING TOGET NEU VALUE FOR ESUPDATE THE ES REGIST ERR E C O V E R O R I G I N A L O F F S E T

NEU OFFSETD S : S 1 P O I N T AT B U F FE RE S : D I P O I N T A T B UF FE R

POPMOVPUSHT E S TJ N Z

ORCMPJ ZnovC A L Lnov

...................................................; SEEK

T H I S R O U T I N E WILL MOVE THE HEAD ON THE NAMED DRIVETO THE NAMED TRACK, I F THE DRI VE HAS NOT BEEN ACCESSEDS I N C E T H E D R I V E R E S E T C OM MAND U A S I S S U E D , T H E D R I V E U l L L B ER E C A L I E R A T E D .

( D L ) D R I V E TO S E EK ON( C H ) = TRACK TO SEEK TO

CY = 0 SUCCESSCY = 1 F A I L U R E -- DISKETT E-STATUS SET ACCORDINGLY

( A X ) D ESTROVED

; I N P U T

; OUTPUT

.-__--_--_--_------_-----------------------------------hEEK PROC NEAR

P US H S I ; S A V E R E G I S T E RP U S H E X ; S A V E R E G I S T E RPUSH CXMOV SI ,O FFSE T TRACK0 ; E A S E O F C UR RE N T HE A D P O S I T I O N SMOV AL, 1 ; E S T A B L I S H MA SK F O R R E C A LMDV CL,DL ; U S E D R I V E A S A S H I F T C O UN TAND CX,OFFH ; M A SK O F F H I G H B Y T EA D D S l , C X ; P O I N T SI AT CORRECT DRIVER O L A L C L ' GET MASK FOR DRIVE

.------ SI C O N T A I N 6 O F FS E T F OR C bR R E CT D R I V E , A L C O N T A I N S B I T MA SKI N P O S IT I O N 0 , l OR 2

cx ; RESTORE PARAMETER REGISTERE X . O F F S E T J 3 2 : SET UP ERROR RECOVERY ADDRESS

C A L LHEAD ISC A L L

.------J CMOV

, ' D R I V E ISJ 2 E : M O V

SUBJ ZuovC A L LMOV

. -----

ex' ~ ~~ ; NEEDED FOR ROUTINE NEC-OUTPUTSEEK-STATUS,AL ; T E S T D R I V E F O R R E C A LJ28 ; NO-RECAL

SEEK-STATUS,AL ; T UR N ON T HE N O R E CA L B I T I N F LA GB Y T E P T R C S I 1 , O ; LAST REFERENCED TRACKZO?J 2 E ; YES IGNORE RECALAH. 0 7 H ; RECALIERATE COMMANDNEC-buTPUTAH. D L ; R EC A L R E W I R E D O N D R I V E I N D L,NEC OUTPUT . OUTPUT THE DRIVE NUMBERMOVTNG TO CORREC; TRA CKCHK-STAT-2 ; G E T T HE S T A T U S O F R E C A L I E R A T EJ32-2 ; SEEK-ERRORB Y T E P T R C S I 1 , OI N SYNCH U l T H CONTROLLER, SEEK TO TRACKA L , E Y T E P T R C S I I ;

A L . C H~ 3 i - iAH. OFHNEC OUTPUTAH, FL

C A L L ' NEC-OUTPUT

MOV AH.CHC A L L NEC-OUTPUTCALL CHK-STAT-2

;-----U A I T F O R HE AD S E T T L EP U S H FPUSHnovC A L L

MOVORJ Z

D ECJ M P

J31: POPP O P F

J CMOVJ31-I: POPJ32:

POPPOPR E T

J32-2 : MDV

POPJMP

J29:

J30: LOOP

SEEK ENDP

cxB L 18GEi-P ARM

cx, 550AH, AHJ31J30AHJ 2 SC X

J32-2B Y T E P T R C S I 1. CHE X

E X51

GET THE PCNGET SEEK-UAIT VALUEALREADY ON CORRECT TRACKSEEK COMMAND TO NEC

DRIVE NUMEER

TRACK NUMBER

GET E N D I N G I N T E R R U P T A N D ' S E N S ES T A T U S

S A V E S T A T U S F L A G SS A V E R E G I S T E RHEAD SETTLE PARAMETER

HEAD-SE TTLE1 MS LOOPT E S T FO R T I M E E X P I R E D

DELAY FOR 1 MS ,

DECREMENT THE COUNTDO I T SOME MORERESTORE REGISTER

G E T R I D OF DUMMYSEEK-ERRORRESTORE REGISTERUPDATE CORRECT '

; RETURN TO CALLE RB Y T E P T R t S 1 3 , O F F H ; UNKNOUN STATUS

; O P E R A T I O NE X ; GET R I D OF DUMMYS HO RT J 3 2

RETURN

AEOUT SEEK

RETURN

8/12/2019 jrtech


E A 6 F

E A 6 FE A 7 0E A 7 I

E A 7 3

E A 7 6E A 7 7E A 7 9E A 7 CE A 7 F

E A 8 IE A 8 4E A 8 6

E A 8 8E A 8 9

€ 1 8 8E A 9 0

E A 9 I

E A 9 2E A 9 3E A 9 4

E A 9 5

E A 9 9E A S EE A A O

€ 1 9 7

535633 DE

BE E A 8 8 R

56

84 OBE B E 9 8 A RE B E A A O R7 2 10

A 0 O D 4 2 RAB 2075 OD

4875 E C

BOOE 0041 R

BOF9

S E5 E5Bc3

24 CO74 F BBO 06 OO A l R 4 0E B F O

E A A OE A A OE A A IE A A 4E A A 5E A A 6E A A 7

E A A 9E A A SE A A B

E A A EE A A EE A A FE A 8 IE A 8 3E A 8 5E A B AE A B A

E A B BE A B CEABDE A B E

E A B FEACO

E A C 2E A C 4E A C 4E A C S

E A C BE A C BEACCEACDE A C FEADOE A D 3E A D 5E A D 6E A D 7€ A D 9E A D BEADDE A D F

F CB F 0 0 4 2 R5 1

5 25383 07

33 c9E A 00F4

ECA B BO75 ocE 2 F 9BO OE 0041 R BO

F 9

58

5 A59

c3

E CA B 407 5 07

BO OE 0 0 4 1 R 2 0E B E F

42E C

4789 OOOAE 2 F E4 AECA 8 10

74 EOF E C B75 CAE B E 3

Be 05

..................................................., CHK-STAT-2

T H I S R O U T I N E HA N D L ES T HE I N T E R R U P T R E C E I V E D A F T ERA RE C A L IB RA T E , S E E K , OR RE S E T TO THE ADA P TE RT H E I N T E R R U P T IS U A I T E D F O R, T H E I N T E R R U P T S T A T U S SE N SE D ,A ND THE RE S UL T RE TURNE D TO THE CA L L E R

NONE

CY = 0 SUCCESSCY = 1 F A I L U R E -- ERROR IS I N D I SK E TT E -S T AT U S( A X ) D E S T R O Y E D

, I N P U T

, OUTPUT

....................................................kHK-STAT-2 PROC NEAR

P U S H E X , S A V E R E G I S T E R SP U S H SIXOR BX,BX , NUMBE R OF S E NS E INTE RR UP T S TO

HOV S 1 , O F F S E T J33-3 , SET UP DUMMY RETURN FROM

P U S H SI , P U T ON S T A C K

CALL NEC-OUTPUT , I S S U E S E N S E I N T E R U P T S T A T U SC A L L R E S U L T SJ C J35 , N E C T I M E O UT , F L A G S S E T I N

, R E S U L T SHDV AL,NEC-STATUS , GE T S TA TUSTEST AL,SEEK-END , IS S E E K OR RE C A L OP E RA TION DONE 7J N Z J35-I , J U M P I F E X E C U T I O N O F SE E K OR

, I S S U E

, NEC-OUTPUT

J33-2 HOV AH,OBH , S E N S E I N T E R U P T S T A T U S

, RECAL DONEJ33-3 DE C B X , DEC LOOP COUNTER

J N Z J33 2 DO ANOTHER LOOPOR D I

S~TETTE-STATUS,I ME-OUT

J34 S T C , R E T U R N E RR OR I N D I C A T I O N FO R

J35 POP SI , R E S T O R E R E G I S T E R S, C A L L E R

POP SIP OP B XR E T

----- E E K E ND HA S OCCURE D, CHECK FOR NORMAL TE RM INA TIO Nh 5 - 1 AND AL,OCOH , M AS K NO RM AL T E R M I N A T I O N B I T S

J Z J35 , JUMP I F N O R M A L T E R M I N A T I O N

OR D I SKETTE-STATUS, BAD-SEEKJ M P J34

CHK-STAT-2 ENDP

, R E S U L T S

..............................................

T H I S R O U T I N E U l L L R E AD A N Y T H I N G T H A T T H E N EC C O NT RO L LE RH A S T O S A Y F O L L O U I N G A N I N T E R R U P TI T IS ASSUMED THAT THE NEC DATA PORT = N E C S T A T U S P O R T + 1

NONE

CY = 0 S UCCE S S FUL TRA NS FE R

, I N P U T

, OUTPUT

CY = I F A I L U R E -- T I M E O UT I N U A I T I N G F OR S T A TU SN E C -S T AT U S A R EA H A S S T A T U S B Y T E L O A DE D I N T O I T( A H ) D E S T R O Y E D

________________________________________-------~ E S U L T S ROC NEAR

C L DMOV D1 ,OFFS E T NE C-STA TUS P OIN TE R TO DA TA A REAP US H CX , SAV; COUNTERP US H DXP U S H B XMOV B L ,7 MAX S TA TUS B Y T E S

------ UAIT FOR REQUEST FOR M A S ~ RJ 3 B , INPUT-LOOP

XOR CX,CX , COUNTERMOV DX,NEC-STAT , S TA TUS P ORT

J39 , U A I T F O R M A ST ERI N A L,D X , GE T S TA TUST E S T A L . 0 8 O H , MASTER READYJ N Z J 4 0 A , TE S T-DIRL OOP J39 U A I T M A S T E ROR D I SKETTE-STATUS, ~IME-OUT

J40 , RESULTSJRRORS T C , SET ERROR RETURN

------ R E S U L T O P E R A T I O N 15 DONEJ 4 4 P O P B X

POP DXPOP c xR E T

___---E ST T HE D I R E C T I O N B I TJ 4 0 A I N A L,D X , GE T S TA TUS RE G A GA IN

T E S T A L . 0 4 0 H , T ES T D I R E C T I O N B I TJ N Z J 4 2 , OK TO READ STATUS

OR DIS K E TT E -S T A TU S , B A D-NE CJM P J 4 0 , RESULTS-ERROR

J4 I , N E C - F A I L

__---- E AD I N TH E S T A T U SJ 4 2

J43

INP UT-S TA TP O I N T AT D A T A P O R TGET THE DATAS TORE THE B Y TEI N C R E M E N T T H E P O I N T E RL O OP TO K I L L T I M E F OR N EC

P O I N T A T S T A T U S P O R ?G E T S T A T U ST E S T F OR N EC S T I L L B U S YR E S U L T S D O N EDECREMENT THE STATUS COUNTERGO BACK FOR MOREC H I P H A S F A I L E D

I NCI NMOVI NCMOVLOOPD ECI N

T E S TJ ZDECJ N ZJMP

DXA L , DXC D I I , A LD I

J 4 3DXA L , DXA L , O l O H

J 4 4B LJ 3 BJ 4 I

cx, 10

8/12/2019 jrtech


E A € I

E A E I A 0 0 0 4 5 RE A E 4 3 A 4 6 OBE A E 7 A 0 0047 RE A E A 74 07E A E C E 3 08E A E E E E E 9 E 4 RE A F I E A C 4E A F 3 F E COE A F 5 2 A 46 OAE A F B E8 46 OEE A F B C 3E A F CE A F C

E A F CE A F C SO

E A F D E 4 2 1E A F F 89 46 10

E B D 2 BO B F

€eo4 €6 2 1

Eeos SB

Eeoe

€ B O 6 EB €SEI R

E B D A C 3

, NUM-TRANSTH IS ROUTINE CALCUL ATES THE NUMBER OF SECTORS THATUERE ACTUALLY TRANSFERRED TOlFRO M THE D IS KET TE

( C H ) = C Y L I N D E R O F O P E R A T I O N( C L ) 2 START SECTOR OF OPERATION

( A L ) 2 NUMEER ACTUALLY TRANSFERREDNO OTHER REGISTERS MODIF IED

, I N P U T

, OUTPUT

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Nun-TRANS

novCMPnovJ ZMOVC A L LMOV

J 4 5 : I N CSUEMOVRET

NUM-TRANSRESULTS ENDP

PROC NEAR

AL, NEC_STATUS+3 ;A L , C E P + l 1 1 .AL, NEC_STATUS+5 IJ 4 5

GET-PARMAL, AHA LA L , C E P I + l O ;

CBP+ 141 , AL

ENDP

E L , 8

GET CYLINDER ENDED UP ONSAME AS YE STARTEDGET ENDING SECTORI F ON SAME CYL, THEN NO ADJUST

GET EOT VALUE

USE E O T + l FOR CALCULAT IONSUBTRACT START FROM EN0

I N T O A L

; D I S A B L ET H I S R O U T I N E U I L L D I S A B L E A L L I N T E RR U P T S E X CE P T FO RI N T E R R U P T 6 SO UATCH DOG TIM E OUT CAN OCCUR I N ERRORCON0 I T I ONS.

NONE

NONEA L L R E G I S T E R S R E M A I N I N T A C T

; I N P U T

; OUTPUT

6 SAB LE PROC NEARPUSH AX

. --__-- I S A B L E A L L I N T E RR U P T S A TI N AL, I N T A O IM O V C B P * l 6 I , A X ;

MOV AL,OBFH

OUT I NTAO 1, A LCALL BOUNDJETUP ;

POP AXR E T

D I SABLE ENDP

THE 8259 L E V E L E X C E P T D I S K E T T EREAD CURRENT MASKSAVE MASK ON THE SPACE ALLOCATEDON THE STACKMASK OFF AL L INTERRU PTS EXCEPTD I S K E T T EOUTPUT MASK TO THE E259SETUP REGISTERS TO ACCESS BUFFER

.--_------__--------------------------------------; E N A B L E

THIS P R DC E N A B L E S A L L I N T E R R U P T S . I T A LS O S E T S T HE E253 TOTHE M O D E R E Q U I R E D F O R K E Y B O A R D D A T A D E S E R I A L I Z A T I O N .BEFORE THE LA TC H FOR KEVBOARD DATA IS RESET, B I T 0 OF THE

Y H I L E THE SYSTEM YAS MASKED OFF .

NONE

A L = l M E AN S A K E V Y A P S TR UC K D U R I N G D I S K E T T E 110. ( O R N O I S E

AL=O MEANS THAT NO KEY U4S PRESSED.AX IS DESTROYED. AL L OTHER REGIS TERS REMAIN INTAC T .

ezss I S READ TO DETERMINE UHETHER ANY KEYSTROKES OCCURED

; I N P U T

; OUTPUT

O N T H E L I N E )

.-------------------------------------------------~NABLE PROC NEAR

PUSH OX ' SAVE DX.------ RETURN TIMERI TO STATE N~EDED OR KEYBOARD 1 1 0

nov AL,DIIIDILD~ ;

OUT T I M-CTL, A LP U S H A XPOP AX , Y A I T F O R 8253 T O I N I T I A L I Z E

MOV AL,OFFH ; I N I T I A L V AL UE FO R 8253OUT T I M E R + I , A L ; L S BPUSH AXPOP AX ; Y A I TOUT T I M E R * I A L . MSE

; I T S E L F

.------ CHECK I F ANY KEkSTROKES bCCURED DURING D IS KET TE TRANSFERMOV

I NA I DPUSH

I NMOVOUTE N A B L EMOVOUTPOPPOPST I

R E T

------ ENABLE

. -__--

E N A B L E

E S , C B P * 1 6 1 , G E T O R I G I N A L ES VALUE FROM THE

AL, 62H , READ PORT C OF 8265AL, 0 I H , B I T = I MEANS KESTROKE HAS OCCUREDAX , S AV E I T ON THE STACK

AL,NMl-PORT , RESET LATCHAL, BOH , MASK TO E N A B L E N M IN M l PORT A L E N A B L E N M l

A X , C B P + 1 6 2 , GET MASK FROM THE STACKI N T A O I , A LAX , PASS EACK KEY STROKE FLA GOX

, STACK

NM1 INTERRUPTS

ALL T N T E R ~ ~ P T SH ~H UERE ENABLED' BEFORE TRANSFER

ENDP

8/12/2019 jrtech


E 8 3 I€ E 3 1 32 COE 8 3 3 E 6 4 3E E 3 5 50

E E 3 6 58

€ E 3 7 E 4 4 0E E 3 9 86 C 4EE3B E 4 4 0

EE3D E 6 C 4

E E 3 F 3 0 0 1 2 CE 8 4 2 72 EDE E 4 4 C 3E E 4 5

E E 4 5E E 4 5 5 1E B 4 6 E A 4 E 00EE49 EO 0 1

E E 4E 0 2 EO

E B 4 D 24 07

E E 4 F 59E 8 5 0 C 3€E5 1

EB5 I

€E51 2 8 F6

E 8 5 3 2 A COE 8 5 5 8 A 67 02€858 D 1 EOE E 5 A 50EE5E 8 1 F A D O 0 0

E E 5 F 9 CE E 6 0 E 1 04E E 6 2 0 3 EEE E 6 4 03 D OE B 6 6 9D

E E 6 7 59E E 6 E 52€ E 6 9 7 C 07

E E 6 E

E E 6 EE E 7 0E E 7 2E 8 7 5E 8 7 7E E 7 AE B 7 C

E E 7 EE B B 0E E E 2

€ 8 8 4

€ 8 8 7

€BE9EEBE

EEEE€E9 I

E893

E E 9 6E 8 9 6

€E99

EESBE W E

E W EE E A OE E A 7

E E A C

E8 F E 7 1 R

74 28

EE 05E E F E E E R74 24E A 1626E 4 02E 7 07CD 10E C D AE A C 6

E8 1 E A 9 RE A DE

E 7 25EO F E D OBE 003E R7 0 03BE 0 0 3 A R

EE 0 9 E C R

EB 16

_ _ _ _ R

BE CO26. C 7 06 0 0 1 4 R 000326. E C IE 0016 R

26. FF IE 0 0 1 4 R

------------------------------------------------,CLOCK-UAI T

T H I S P R O C E D U R E IS C A L L E D W HE N T H E T I M E O F D A Y

IS B E I N G U PD AT ED I T W A I T S I F T l ME R O IS AL M OST

R E AD Y T O WRAP U N T I L I T IS S A F E T O R E A D A N A C C U R A T ET I M E R 1

N ON E

N ON E AX IS D ESTR OYED

, N P U T

,O U T P U T

---------------__-_-____________________--------CLOCK-UAI T PROC NEAR

X O R A L . A L , R E AD MO DE T I M E R 0 F O R E 2 5 3O U T T I M - C T L , A L , O U T P U T T O T H E E 2 5 3P U S H A X

P O P A X , U A I T FOR E 2 5 3 TO I N I T I A L I Z E

I N A L ,T IW E R O , R EA D L E A S T S I G N I F I C A N T B Y T EX C H G A L , A H , S AV E I T

I N A L , TI ME R O , R EA D M OS T S I G N I F I C A N T B Y T EX C H G A L , A H , REARRANGE FOR PROPER ORDERC M P AX,TH R ESH OL D , IS T l M E R O C L O S E T O U R A P P I N G 'J C C L O C K - U A I T , J U M P IF C LO CK I S U I T H I N T HR ES HO LDR E T , O K T O R E AD T I M E R 1

, I T S E L F

C L OC K- U AI T EN D P

, GET- D R I VE

..................................................................

T H I S R O U T I N E U I L L C A LC U LA T E A B I T MA SK F OR T HE D R I V E UHICH

IS S E L E C T E D B Y T H E C UR RE NT I N 1 13 C A L L T H E D R I V E S E LE C TE DC O RR E SP O ND S T O T H E B I T I N TH E M A S K, 1 E D R I V E Z E R O

C O R RE S P O ND S T O B I T Z E R O AN D A 01H IS R ET UR NE D T H E B I T ISC A L C UL A T E D B Y A C C E S S I N G T H E P AR A M E T E RS PA S S E D TO I N 1 13

U H I C H U E R E S A V E D O N T H E S T A CK

B Y T E P T R C B P I M US T P O I N T TO D R I V E F O R S E L E C T I O N

A L C O N T A I N S T H E B I T M AS K A L L OT HE R R E G I S T E R S A R E I N T A C T

, N P U T

, U P T U T

___-____________________________________-------------GET-DR I VE PR OC N EAR

P U S H C X , S A V E R E G I S T E RM OV C L , E Y T E P T R C B P I , G E T D R I V E N U M E E RM OV AL , 1 , I N I T I A L I Z E A L U I T H V AL UE F OR

, S H I F T I N GS H L A L , C L , S H I F T 8 1 1 P OS I T I O N E V D R IV E

, N UM EE R ( D R I V E I N R AN GE 0 - 2 )

A N D A L , 0 7 H , O N L V T H R E E D R I V E S A R E S UP P O R TE D

, R AN GE C H EC KP O P cx , R E S T O R E R E G I S T E R SR E T

G E T - D R I V E E N D P

, T H I S R O U T I N E C H E C K S O P T I O N A L R OM M O DU LE S ( C H E C K SU M, F O R M O DU LE S F RO M C 0 0 0 0 - > D 0 0 0 0 , C R C C H EC K F OR C A R T R I D G E S, ~ D 0 0 0 0 - > F 0 0 0 0 )

, I F C H EC K IS O K, C A L L S I N I T l T E S T C OD E I N M OD UL E, WFG E RR OR C O DE = 2 5 X X t X X = M S E O F S E G M E N T I N E R R O R )

................................................

..................................................ROM-CHECK

S U E

S U EMOVS H L

P U S HCMPP U S H F

MOV

SHRADDP O P F

P O PP U S H

JL

C A L L

J ZJ M P

R O M - I : C A L L

J ZROM-2. MOV

MOVMOV

I TMOVMOV

C A L LMOV

MOVCMP

MOVJ C E

MOVROM-CHECK-0.

C A L LJ M P

ROM-CHECK-1:

MOVMOVMDVMOV

C A L L

PROC NEAR

SI, I

A L , A LA H , C E X + 2 I

AX, I

AX

DX, ODOOOH

C L , 4A X , C L

OX, AX

c xD XROM-1

CRC-CHECKROM-CHECK-I ,SHORT ROM-2 ,ROS-CHECKSUM ,ROM-CHECK-I ,D X , 1 6 2 6 HAH, 2BH, 710H

DX, D SAL , DH

XPC-BYTE

E L , DH

E H . 2 5 H

S E T SI T O P O I N T T O B E G I N N I N G( R E L . T O D S )Z E R O O U T A LG E T L E N G T H I N D I C A T O R

FORM COUNTS A V E C O U N T

S E E I F P O I N T E R IS E E L O U D O 0 0S A V E R E S U L T SA D J U S l

S E T P O I N T E R T O N E X T M O D U L E

R E C OV E R F L A G S F R O M P O I N T E R R A N G EC H EC KR E CO V ER C OU NT I N C X R E G I S T E RS A V E P O I N T E R

D O A R I T H M E T I C C H E C K S U M I F B E L O UD O 0 0 0

D O CRC CHECKPR OC EED I F OKE L S E P O S T E R R O RD O A R I T H M E T I C C H E C K S U MPR OC EED I F OK

P O S I T I O N C UR SO R, R O U 22, C O L 38

R E C O V E R D A T A SEG

D I S P L A Y MSE O F D A T A SEGFOR M XX VAL U E OF ER R OR C OD E

FORM 25 P O R T I O ND H ' O D O H I N C A R T RI D G E S P A C E 7

ROM-CHECK-0

SI OFFSET CART-ECR

S I , FFSET ROM-ERC

E-MSG , GO E R R O R R O U T I N ESH OR T ROM-CHECK-END , AND E X I T

AX, XXD ATA , S E T ES T O P O I N T T O X X D A T A A R EA

ES, A XE S IO-ROM-I N I , O O O 3 H , L O A D O F F S E TES 1 0 ROM SEG D S L OAD SEGM EN TDUORD-PTR-ES i 0-ROM-1 N i T , C A L L I N I / T E S T R OU T1 N E

8/12/2019 jrtech


E B B I

E B B 1 S A

E B B 2 C 3

E B B 3

E C 5 9

E C 5 9E C 6 9 F B

E C 5 A 06E C 5 B 50

E C 5 C 50

E C 5 D 50E C 5 E 53

E C 5 F 51E C 6 0 I E

E C 6 1 56

E C 6 2 57E C 6 3 55

E C 6 4 5 2

E C 6 5 88 E CE C 6 7 E B 1386 RE C 6 A E B E C 9 0 R

E C 6 D 83 04E C 6 F E 8 E 9 6 4 R

E C 7 2 86 2 6 0040 R

E C 7 6 B A 2 6 0 0 4 1 RE C 7 A B B 66 O F

E C 7 D 5 A

E C 7 E 5 D

E C 7 F 5F€ C E O 5 EE C B l I F

E C B 2 59E C 8 3 SB

E C B 4 58E C B 5 83 C 4 04

E C B B 07E C B 9 BO F C DlE C B C F5

E C B D C A 0002

ROW-CHECK-ENDP O P D X , R E C O V E R P O I N T E R

R E T , R E T U R N TO C A L L E R

ROM-CHECK ENDP

, D I S K E T T E I / O

, T H I S I N T E R F A C E P R O V I D E S A CC E SS T O T H E 5 l I 4 " D I S K E T T E D R I V E S, I N P U T

- _ N T 13 - - - - - - - -_----____-_-____________________----- - - - - - - - - - - -

( A H ) = O R E S ET D I S K E T T E S Y S TE M

H AR D R ES ET T O N EC , PR E PA R E C O MMAN D, R EC AL R EQ D O NA L L D R I V E S

D I S K E T T E - S T A T US F RO M L A S T O P ' N IS U S E D

( A H l = I R EA D T HE ST A T US O F T H E S YS TE M I N T O ( A L )

R E G I S T E R S F O R R E A D I U R I T E I V E R I F Y I F O R M A T

( D L ) - D R I V E N U M B E R (0-3 A L LO U E D , V A L U E C H E C K E D )

( D H ) - H EAD N U MBER ( 0 - 1 A L L O U E D , N O T V A L U E C H E C K E D )( C H ) - ? R AC K N U MBER ( 0 - 39 , N O T V A L U E C H E C K E D )

( C L I - SEC T O R N U MBER ( 1 - 8 . N O T V A L U E C H E C K E D , N O T U S E D F O RF O R M A T )

( A L ) - N U MBER O F SEC T O R S ( MAX 8 , N O T V A L U E C H E C K E D , N O T

U S E D F O R F O R M AT , H OU E VE R , C A N NO T B E Z E R O l " )

( E S B X ) - A D D R E S S O F B U F F E R ( N OT R E Q U IR E D F O R V E R I F Y )

R E A D T H E D E S I R E D S E C T OR S I N T O M EM OR Y

U R l T E T H E D E S I R E D S E C TO R S F R OM M EM OR YV E R I F Y T H E D E S I R E D S E C TO R S

F O R M AT T H E D E S I R E D T R A C KF O R T H E F O RM A T O P E R A T I O N , T H E B U F F E R P O I N T E R

( E S , B X ) M US T P O I N T T O T H E C O L L E C T I O N O F D E S I R E DA DD RE SS F I E L D S F OR T H E T RA CK E A C H F I E L D ISC O MPO SED O F 4 BYT ES, i C, H, , N ) , U H ER EC

=T R AC K NU MBER , H Z H EAD N U MBER , R 5 SEC T O R N U MBER ,

N = N U M B ER O F B Y T E S P E R S E C T O R ( 00= 128 , 01=256,0 2 - 5 1 2 , 0 3 : 1 0 2 4 , ) T H E R E M U S T B E O N E E N T R Y F O R

E V E R Y S E CT O R O N T H E T R AC K T H I S I N F O R M A T I O N IS U S E D

T O F I N D T H E R E Q U E S TE D S E CT O R D U R I N G R E A D I U R I T E

A C C E S S

, D A T A V A R I A B L E -- D I S K - P O I N T E R, D O U B L E UO RD P O I N T E R T O T H E C U RR E N T S E T O F D I S K E T T E P A R A ME T E R S

, O U T P U T

A H = S T A T U S O F O P E R A T I O N

S T A TU S B I T S A RE D E F I N E D I N TH E E Q U A T ES FO RD I S K E T TE - S T A T U S V A R I A B L E I N T H E D A T A S EG ME NT O FT H I S M O D U L E

CY = 0 S U C C E S S F U L O P E R A T I O N ( A H = O O N R E T U R N )

CY = I F A I L E D O P E R A T I O N ( A H H A S ER RO R R E A SO N )

F OR R E A D / U R I T E / V E R I F Y

DS, EX, D X , C H, C L P R E S E R V E DA L N U M BE R O F S E C T O R S A C T U A L L Y R E A DU U U U A L M AY N O T B E C O R RE CT I F T I M E O U T E RR OR O C CU RS

N O T E I F AN ER R O R IS R E P O RT E D B Y T H E D I S K E T T E CO DE , T H EA P P R O P R I A T E A C T I O N IS T O R E S E T T H E D I S K E T T E , T H E N

R E T R Y T H E O P E R A T I O N O N R E A D A C C E S S E S , N O M OT OR

S T A R T D E L AY I S T A KE N , S O T H A T T H RE E R E T R I E S A RER E Q U I R E D O N R E A D S T O E NS U R E T H A T T H E P R O B L E M IS N O T

D U E T O M O T O R S T A R T - U P. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

A S S UM E C S C O D E D S D A T A E S D A T A

ORGD I S K E T T E - I O

S T I

P U S H

P U S H

P U S H

P U S H

P U S H

P U S H

P u s n

P U S H

P U S HP U S H

P U S H

MOVC A L L

C A L L

MOVC A L L

MOV

MDV

MOVP O P

P O P

P O PP O PP O P

P O PP O P

P O P

ADD

P O PC MP

CMC

R E T

O E C 5 9 HP R O C F A R

E S

AX

AX

AX

B X

cxD S

SI

DIB P

D X

B P . S PDDSJ l

E L , 4

G E T P A R M

I N T E R R U P T S BA C K O N

S A V E E S

A L L O C A T E O N E UO RD O F S T O R A G E F O R

T I M E R 1 I N I T I A L V AL U E

A L L O C A T E O N E UO RD O N S T A C K F O R

U S E I N P RO CS E N A B L E AND D I S A B L E

SAVE COMMAND AND NJECTORSS A V E A D D R E S S

S A V E S EG M EN T R E G I S T E R V A L U E

S A V E A L L R E G I S T E R S D U R I N G

O P E R A T I O N

WILL H O LD 8 2 5 9 M A S K

S E T U P P O I N T E R T O H E A D P A R M

S E T D S = D A T A

C A L L T H E R E S T T O E N S U R E D SR E S T O R E D

G E T T H E M O TO R W A I T P A R A M E T E R

M D T ~ R - C O U N T , A H , SET THE TIMER COUNT FOR THE MO T O R

A H , D I S K E T T E - S T A T U S , G E T S T A T U S O F O P E R A T I O N

[ B P + l S I , A H , R E TU R N ST A TU S I N A L

D X , R E ST O RE A L L R E G I S T E R SB P

DISID Sc xB X

AX

SP, 4

E 5AH, 1

2

, R E C O V E R O F F S E T

, D I S C A R D D UM MY S P A C E F O R 8 2 5 9 M A S K, R EC O VER SEG MEN T

, S E T T H E C AR RY F L A G TO I N D I C A T E

, S U C C E S S O R F A I L U R E, T H R O U A U A Y S A V E D F L A G S

8/12/2019 jrtech


8/12/2019 jrtech


E D 2 7

E D 2 7

E D 2 9E D 2 C

E D 2 E

E D 3 I

E 0 3 3

E D 3 6

E D 3 9E D 3 A

E 0 3 0

E D 3 D

E D 3 DE D 4 2

E D 4 4

E D 4 4E 0 4 4

E D 4 5

E D 4 6

E D 4 7

E D 4 C

E D 4 F

E D 5 3E D 5 5E D 5 AE D 5 E

E D 5 F

E D 6 1

83 07

E 8 E 9 8 4 R63 09E 8 E 9 8 4 R8 3 O FE8 E 9 8 4 R

8 B 001153E 9 E OC D R

80 O E 0 0 3 F R 80

84 4 5

50

5 1F A

C 6 06 0040 R F F

E 8 E 8 4 5 R

8 4 06 0 0 3 F R

75 I F80 2 6 003F R F O

08 06 003F RF B

oc 80

E 6 F2

E 0 6 3 8 3 14

E D 6 5 E 8 E 9 8 4 RE D 6 8 OA E 4

E D 6 A

E 0 6 A 74 08

E D 6C 2 8 C 9

E DG E E 2 F EE D 7 0 F E CC

E D 7 2 E 8 F 6

E D 7 4E D 7 4 F 8

E D 7 5 53

E D 7 6 E8 E 3 F 8 RE D 7 3 58

E D 7 A 8 A F C

E D 7 C 86 00

E D 7 E 73 03

ED80 E 3 E E D 7 RE D 8 3 B E E E D 7 R

E D 8 6 56

E D 8 7 E8 E 9 8 1 RE DB A 8 A 6 6 0 1E D 8 D D O E 4

E D B F D O E 4E D 9 1 80 E 4 04E D 9 4 OA E 2

E D 9 6 E8 E 9 8 A R

E O 9 9 80 FF 4 0

E O 9 C 75 0 2E D S E EB 87

E DA O 8 A E 5E D AP E 8 E 9 8 A R

E D A 5 8 A 6 6 0 1€ D A B E8 E 9 8 A R€ DA B 8 A E lE DA D E 8 E 9 8 A RE O B O 83 07E D B 2 E 8 E 9 8 4 R

E D 8 5 83 08

E D 8 7 E8 E 9 8 4 RE D BA 0 2 4 E O E

E D B D F E C 9E DB F E A E l

E D C l E8 E 3 8 A R

E D C 4 83 08

E D C 6 E8 E 9 8 4 RE D C 3 88 OOOD

E D C C 53

J 10

M O V E L , 7

C A L L G E T - P A R MM O V E L , 9

C AL L G ET - PAR M

M O V E L , 15C AL L G ET - PAR M

MOV EX, 17

P U S H B X

J M P J16

D 1SK- F O R MAT EN D P

-----_ D I S K E T T E U R I T E R O U T I N E

C O N T I N U A T I O N O F R U- OP N F O R F M T

G E T T H E

G E T T H E

G E T T H E

G ET T H E F I L L E R B Y T E

S A V E P A R A M E TE R I N D E X O N S T A CK

T O T H E C O N T R O L L E R

B V T E S / S E C T O R V A L U E T O N E C

S E C T O R S I T R A C K V A L U E T O N E C

G A P L E N G T H V A L U E T O N E C

I N D I C A T E A U R I T E O P E R A TI O N

D 1SK- U R I T E PR O C N EAR

OR MOTOR-STATUS, 8OH ,M O V A H , 0 4 5 H , N E C C OM MA ND T O U R I T E T O D I S K E T T E

D I S K - U R I T E E N O P,_ _ _ - _L LO W U R I T E R O U T I N E T O F A L L I N T O RU -O PN. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

, RU-OPN

T H I S R O U T I N E PE RF OR MS T H E R E A O / U R I T E I V E R I F V O P E R A T I O N_----___-___--__--__-------------------

RU-OPN PROC NEAR

P U S H A X , SAVE T H E C O MMAN D

P U S H C X S A V E T H E T / S P A RM S

------ T U R N ON T H E M O TO R AN D S E L E C T T H E D R I V E

J 1 2

J I 3

J 1 4

J 14-1

C L I

MOVC A L L

T E S T

J N ZANDOR

S TOR

OUT

U A I T

, NO I N T E R R U P T S W H I L E D E T E R M I N I N G

, M O T O R S T A T U S

MOTOR-COUNT,OFFH , S E T L A R G E CO UN T D U R I N G O P E R A T I O N

G E T - D R I V E , G E T T H E D R I V E P A RA M E T ER F RO M T H E

MO T O R - ST AT U S, AL , T E S T M O T O R F O R O P E R A T I N G

J 14 , I F RU NN IN G, S K I P T H E U A I TM O T O R - S T A T U S , O F O H , T U RN O F F R U N N IN G D R I V E

MO T O R - STAT U S, AL T U R N O N T H E C U R R EN T MO TO R

AL , F D C - R ESET , N O R ES ET T U R N O N MO TO R

N EC - C T L , AL

, S T A C K

, I N T E R R ~ P T S B A C K ON

F O R M O TO R B O T H R E A 0 A ND U R I T E

G E T M O T O R S T A R T T I M EOV

C A L LOR

J Z

S U B

L O O PD EC

J M P

S T I

P O PD O T H E

C A L L

P O PMOV

MOV

J N C

J M PMOV

P U S H

E L , 2 0GET-PARM

AH, AH

J 14

cx , c xJ I 3

A H

J 12

cx

S E E K

AXB H , A H

OH, 0

J 1 4 - 1

J 17

S I , O F F S E T J17 ,

SI

S E E K O P E R A T I O N

T E S T F OR NO U A I T

T E S T - W A I T - T I M E

E X I T U I T H T I M E E X P I R E D

S E T U P 1/8 S E CO N D L O O P T I M E

U A I T F O R T H E RE Q U I R E 0 T I M E

D E CR E ME N T T I M E V A L U E

AR E WE D O N E VETMOTOR-RUNNING

I N T E R R U P T S B A C K O N FO R B Y P A S S

U A I T

MO VE T O C O R R EC T T R AC K

RECOVER COMMAND

S A V E C OM MA ND I N BH

S E T N O S EC T OR S R E A D I N C A S E O F

ERRORI F N O ER R O R C O N T I N U E, JU M P AR OU N D

J M PC AR RY S E T J U M P T O M O TO R U A I T

D UM M Y R E T U R N O N S T A C K F O R

NEC-OUTPUTSO T H A T I T U l L L R E T U RN T O M OTOR

, O F F L O C A T I O N

_-_-__E N D O U T T H E P A R A M E T E R S T O T H E C O N T R O L L E RC A L L N E C O U T P UT .M O V A H, c 8 P + 11

SAL AH , 1

SAL AH , IA N D A H . 4

OR A H , D L

C A L L N E C - O U T P U T

C M P B H . 0 4 D H

_-_-__EST F O R F O R MAT C O MMAN D

J N EJ M P

J15 MOVC A L LMOV

C A L LMOV

C A L LMOV

C A L L

MOV

C A L L

ADO

D ECMOV

C A L L

MOV

C A L L

MOVP U S H

J 15

J 10

AH, CHNEC-OUTPUT

A H, C B P + l INEC-OUTPUT

A H, C LNEC-OUTPUT

eL, 7GET-PARM

E L , 8GET-PARM

C L , C B P + 1 4 1 ,

C L

A H, C L

NEC-OUTPUT

GET-PARM

E X , 13B X

E L , I 1

O U T P U T T H E O P E R A T I O N C OM M AN D

G ET T H E C U R R EN T H EAD N U MBER

MO VE I T T O B I T 2

I S O L A T E T H A T B I T

OR I N T HE D R I V E N U M8 ER

IS T H I S A F O RM A T O P E R A T IO N ?

NO C O NT I N U E U I T H R l U I V

I F SO, H A N D L E S P E C I A L

C Y L I N D E R N U M B E R

H E A D N U M B E R F R O M S T A C K

SEC T O R N U MBER

B V T E S l S E C T O R P A R M F RO M B L O C K

E O T P A R M F R O M B L O C K

A DD C U R R E N T S E C T O R TO NU M B ER I N

T R A N S F E RCURRENTJECTOR + N-SECTORS - 1

E O T P A R A M E T E R IS T H E C A L C U L A T E D

ONE

G A P L E N G T H P A R M F R O M B L O C K

D T L P A R M F R O M B L O C KS A V E I N D E X T O DISK P A R A M E T E R O N

S T A C K

T O T H E N E C

R ET UR NE D I N A H

T O T H E N E C

8/12/2019 jrtech


E D C D F C

E D C E EO 70

E D D O E6 43

E D D 2 50E D D 3 58

E D D 4 EO FFE D D 6 E6 4 1E D D E 50E D D 9 58

E D D A E6 4 1

E D D C E A 46 O F

E D D F A B 0 1€D E I 74 05EDE3 E9 E E 4 E R

€DE6 EE OCE D E E 3 C 02E D E A 75 05E D EC E 9 E E 3 A R

E D E F EE 03E D F l E9 E E 2 0 R

E D F 4

E D F 4 EO 10

E O F 6 E6 A 0

E D F E EE E E 3 1 R

E D F E EE E E 4 5 R

E D F E E A 00F2E E O l O C E OE E 0 3 E E

E E 0 4 24 A 7EE06 EE

E E 0 7 E A 00F4E E O A EO 20

E E O C E6 A 0

EEOE EE E E I A R€ E l l E 9 46 I 2

€ E 1 4 EE E A F C R

E E 1 7 58EEIE EE E 9 8 4 R

E E l E 518

E E l C 06E E l D I F

E E l E FF E l

E E 2 0€ E 2 0 E CE E 2 1 A 8 20

E E 2 3 74 F E

E E 2 5

E E 2 5 A 8 EOE E 2 7 75 07

E E 2 9 E CE E 2 A A E 2 0E E 2 C 75 F 7

E E Z E E E 35EE30 4 2€E31 E CE E 3 2 46

E E 3 3 E CE E 3 4 A E 20E E 3 6 75 ED

E E 3 E EE 2 8

F O R U A R D D I R E C T I O N

V A L U E O F FFFF

S E L E C T T l M E R 1 , L S E - M S E . MODE 0,B I N A R Y C O U N T E R

I N I T I A L I Z E T HE C OU NTE R

A LL OW E N O UG H T I M E F O R T H E E 2 5 3 T O

I N I T I A L I Z E I T S E L FI N I T I A L C OU NT V A L U E F O R T H E E 2 5 3

O UT PU T L E A S T S I G N I F I C A N T B Y T E

U A I TO U TP U T MO S T S I G N I F A C N T B Y T E

C L D

’- S T A R T

MOV

OUT

P U S HP O P

MOVOUTP U S HP O P

T I M E R I U l T H I N I T I A L

A L , 0 I I IOOOOE ,

T I M - C T L , A L ,AX

AX

A L , O F F HT l M E R + I , A L ,A XA X

OUT T I M E R t I , A L

M OV A L , C E P + 1 5 1 , R E T R I E V E CO M MA ND P A R A M E T E R

T E S T A L , O I H , IS T H I S A N OD D N U M EE R E D F U N C T I O N ?J Z J16-1 , J U M P I F N O T O D D N UM E ER EDM OV CX , O FF S E T URI TE-LOOP

J M P SHORT J16-3

J N Z J16 2 J UM P I F V E R I F Y

J M P S H O R T ,116-3

F I N I S H I N I T I A L I Z A T I O N

, _ _ _ _ _ NITIALIZE c x FOR JUMP A F ~ E R A S T P A R A M E T E R I S P A S S E D T O NEC

J16-1 C M P A L . 2 , IS THIS A READ’

MOV CX , CFFSET R E A D - L ~ O P

J16-2 MOV C X , O F F S E T V E R I F Y - L O O P_-_---16-3___---______-__-________________________-------------

, * * N O T E u * *

, A L L I N T E R R U P T S A R E A B OU T T O B E D I S A B L E D T H ER E IS A P O T E N T I A LT H A T T H I S T I M E P E R I O D U l L L B E LO NG E NO UG H TO MISS T I M E O F

D A Y I N T E R R U P T S F O R THIS RE A S O N, T l M E R l U l L L B E U S E0 T O

K E E P T R AC K O F T H E NU ME ER O F T I M E O F D A Y I N T E R R U P T S U H I C HU l L L B E MISSED T H I S I N F O RM A T I ON IS U S ED A F T ER T H E D I S K E T T E

O P E R A T I O N T O U P D A T E THE T I M E O F D A Y

M O V A L , IOH , D I S A B L E N M lO U T N M I - P O R T , A L , N O K E Y BO A R D I N T E R R U P TC A L L C L O C K - U A I T , U A I T I F T I M E R 0 IS A B O U T T O

___--___________________________________-----------

, I N T E R R U P T------ E N A B L E U A T C H O O G T I M E R. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

, UUNO TE * * U

G I V E N T H E C U RR E NT S Y S T E M C O N F I G U R A T I O N A M ET HO D IS N E E D E D

T O P U L L T H E N E C O UT O F ” F A T A L E R RO R ” S I T U A T I O N S A T I M E RON THE A DA P TE R CA RD IS P R O V ID E D U H I C H U l L L P ER FO RM T H I SF U N C T I O N T H E U AT C H D OG T I M E R O N T H E A D A PT E R C A R D IS E N A B L E DAN D S T RO E ED B E F O R E T H E E 2 5 9 I N T E R R U P T 6 L I N E IS E N A B L E DT H I S IS B E C A U S E O F A G L I T C H O N T H E L I N E L A R G E EN OU GH T OT R I G G E R A N I N T E R R U P T

C A L L G ET D R I V E , G ET B I T M AS K F OR D R I V E

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

MOVOR

OUT

ANDOUT

MOV

MOV

OUT

R E A DC A L L

_ _ - _ _ _

D X N E C C T L C O N T RO L P O R T T O N E CA L : FOC~RESETtUD_~NAELE+UD_STROEE

D X , A L , O U T P UT CO N T R OL I N F O

, U A T C H D O G I U O ) E N A B L EAL,FDC-RESETtUO-ENAELEt7HO X , A L , O U T P UT C ON T R O L I N F O

DX ,NE C-S TA T , P O R T T O N E C S T A T U SA L . 2 O H , S E LE C T T I M E R I I N P U T

N M I - P O R T , A LT l M E R l N OU AND S AV E TH E I N I T I A L V A L UE

R EA D T I M E G ET T l M E R l V A L UE

, U A T C H D O G

, O U T P U T

F O R

T O S T R O B E

F R O M T I M E R 0

M O V C E P + T B I , A X 1 S A V E I N I T I A L V A L UE F OR CL OC K

C A L L D I S A B L E D I S A B L E A L L I N T ER R U P T S

P O P E X , G E T P A R A M T E R F R O M S T A C K

C A L L G E T - P A R M , O U T P U T L A S T P A R A M E T E R T O T H E N E C

P O P A X , C A N N OU D I S C A R D T H A T D UM MY R E T U R N, A D D R E S S

P U S H E S

P O P DS , I N I T I A L I Z E D S F O R U R I T EJ M P C X , J UM P T O A P P R O P R I A T E R l U l V L O O P

, U P D A T E I N T EM P OR A Y S T O R A GE

------ NEC BEGINS OPERATION U H E ~ E C RECEIVES LA S T P A RA M E TE R

________________-_______________________- - -- - - -- - - - --, U* * NO TE * * U

D A T A IS T R AN S FE R RE D U S I N G P O L L I N G A L G O R I T HM S T H E S E L O O P S

T R A N S F E R A D A T A B Y T E A T A T I M E U H I L E P O L L I N G T H E N EC F OR

N E X T D A T A B Y T E A N 0 C O M P L E T I O N S T A T U S___-_______-____________________________- -- - - - -- - - - -- -_-_--E R I F Y O P E R A T I O N

~ERIFY-LOOP

I N A L , D XT E S T A L , E U S Y - B I T ,

J Z

T E S TJ N ZI NT E S TJ N Z

J M P

J 2 2 - 4 I N CI N

OECI NT E S T

J N Z

J M P

J 2 2 - 2

V E R I F Y - L O O P ,

A L , RQM

AL, OXA L , B U S Y - E l 1 ,J 2 2 - 2

SHORT OP-EN0 ,OX

A L , O XO X

A L , O XA L . E U S Y - E I T ,J 2 2 - 2SHORT OP-END ,

~ 2 ~ 4

R E A O S T A T U SH A S N E C E N T E R E D E X E C U T I O N P H A S EV E T 7

N O, C O N T I N U € S A M P L I N G

IS DATA. READY’J U MP I F D A T A T R A NS F ER IS R E A D YR E A D S T A T U S P O R TARE YE DONE’

J UM P I F M OR E T R AN S F E R STRA NS FE R DO NE

P O I N T A T N EC D A T A R E G I S T E R

R E A D D A T AP O I N T A T N EC S T A T U S R E G I S T E RR E A D S T A T U S P O R TARE UE DONE’

C O N 1 N U EY E A R E D O N E

8/12/2019 jrtech


E E 3 AE E 3 A E CE E 3B A 8 2 0

E E 3D 7 4 F BE E 3 F E CE E 4 0 AB 2 0

E E 4 2 74 2 1E E 4 4 A B EOE E 4 6 7 4 F 7E E 48 4 2

E E 4 9 E CE E 4 A A AE E 4 B 4 AE E4 C E B F I

E E 4 EE E 4 E E C

E E 4 F AB 20

E E 5 1 7 4 F EE E 53 E 9 2 0 8 0E E 5 6E E 5 6 E CE E 5 7 8 4 C 5

E E 5 9 7 4 OAE E5 B E 4 C 1

E E5 D 7 4 F 7E E 5F 4 2E E 6 0 A CE E 6 1 E EE E 6 2 4 AE E6 3 E B F I

E E 6 5 9 C

E E 6 6 E 8 E 8 4 5 R

EEM oc eo€ E 6 8 B A O O F 2E E 6 E E E

E E 6F E B I 3 8 8 RE E 72 E B E B 3 l R

E E 7 5 E 8 E E l A RE E 7 B BB 5 E 1 2

E E 7 B 2 8 C 3

E E 7D F 7 D EE E 7 F 50

EEEO 0 1 0 6 0 0 6C R

E EB 4 7 3 0 4

E E B6 F F 0 6 00 6 E R

E EE A E 3 3 E 0 0 6 E R 1 8E E BF 7 5 19

E E 9 7 7 C I1

E E 9 9 C 7 0 6 0 0 6 E R 0000E E S F E 1 2 E 0 0 6 C R OOBO

E E A 5 C 6 06 0 0 7 0 R 0 1

EEAD 59

E EA E E 3 2 6

EEBO 1E

E E E l 5 0

EES e 1 3~ 0 0 6 c R ooeo

EEAA EE E e o e R

E EB 2 5 2E E B 3E E B 3 CD I C

E E B 5 E 2 F CE E B 7 5 AE E B B 58

E EB S I F

EE BA OA COE EB C 7 4 l E

E E B E B B 0080

E E C 4 EE E 0 3 5 REEC e9 0 0 4 8

_---- EAD OPE RA TI ON~ E A D L O O P

I N A L,D XTEST AL,B~SV-EIT ,

J Z READ-LOOP

T E S T A L , B U S Y - B I T ,J 2 2- 5 I N A L ,D X

J ZT E S TJ ZI NC

I N

OECJMP

, W R I T E A N DUR I TE-LOOP.

s i o s e

___--

I NT E S T

OPJNDAL, RQMJ 2 2 - 5DX

AL , DX

D XJ 2 2 - 5FORMAT OPERATI

AL , DXA L , B ~ ~ ~ - B I T

ON

R EA D S T A T U S R E G I S T E RH A S N EC S T A RT E D T H E E X E C U T I O NP H A S E ?HAS NQT STATRED YETR E A 0 S T A T U S P O R TH A S N E C C O M P L E T E D E X E C U T I O NPHASE’J UM P I F E X E C U T I O N P H AS E IS OVERIS D A T A R E A D Y 7READ THE DATAPOI NT AT NEC-DATA

READ DATATRANSFER DATAPO I NT AT NEC-STATUSC O N T I N U E W I T H RE AD O P E R A T I O N

READ NEC STATUS PORTH A S T H E N E C E N T E R E D E X E C U T I O N

, P H A S E Y E T 7J Z W R I T E L O O P , N O, C O N T I N U E L O O P I N GMOV CX, BUSYpB1 T*256+RQM

J 2 2 - 7I N A L , D XT E S T A L , C H

J Z OP-ENDT E S T A L , C L

J Z J 2 2 - 7I N C D XL O D S BO U T D X , A LDEC DXJ M P J 2 2 - 7

_ _ _ - _ _RANSFER PROCESS IS OVER~P-EN D PUSHF

C A L L G E T - D R I V EOR AL , FOC-RESETMOV DX, NEC-C TLO U T D X , A LU P D A T E T I M E O F D A YC A L L 0 0 5

CA LL CLOCK-WAI T

__--_-

C A L L R E A D - T I M EM O V ex , CBP+B

sue A X , B ~

NEG AXPUSH AX

ADD TIM ER- LOW . AX

J N C J 1 6 - 4

I N C T I M E R - H I G H

J N Z J 1 6 - 5CMP TI ME R LOW. OBOH

J 1 6 - 4 C MP T I M E R - H I G H , O l B H

J L J l 6 -5 - .

MOV TIMER-HIGH,OSUE TIMER-LOW, OBOH

_---_- I M E R H A S G O NE 2 4 H O UR S

MOV TIMER-OFL, I

POP c x

J C X Z J 1 6 - 7

P U S H D S

PUSH AX

PUSH DX

I N T I C H

J 1 6 - 5 C A L L E N A B L E

J 16 -6

L O O P J 1 6 - 6POP DXPOP AXPOP D S

___-__LOCK IS UPDATED AND USER

READ STATUS PORTIS T HE F E C S T I L L I N TH E E X EC U T IO NP H A S E ?J UM P I F E X E C U T I O N P HA S E IS DONEIS THE DATA PORT READY FOR THETRANSFER’J U M P T O W R I T E D A T AP O I N T A T D A T A R E G I S T E RT R A N S F E R B Y T EW R I T E T H E B Y T E O N T H E D I S K E T T EP O I N T A T T H E S T A T U S R E G I S T E RC O N T I N U E W I T H W R I T E OR FORMAT

S A V E T H E C AR RY B I T S ET I ND I S K - I N TG E T B I T M AS K FO R D R I V E S E L E C T I O NNO R E S E T , K E E P D R I V E S P I N N I N G

D I S A B L E W A T C H D O G

POINT D S A T Bios D A T A SEGMENTU A I T I F T IM E R 0 IS CLOSE TOWRAPPI NG

G ET T HE I N I T I A L VA LU E OF T I M E R 1

U P D A T E N UM B ER O F I N T E R R U P T SM I S S E DP UT I T I N A XS A V E IT F OR R E U SE I N I S S U I N G U SE RT I M E R I N T E R R U P T SADD NUMBER OF T I ME R I NTE RR UPT S TOT I M EJ U M P I F T IM E R- LO W D I D N O T S P I L LOVER TO T I MER-HI

T E S T F O R C O U NT T O T A L I N G 2 4 H O UR SJ UM P I F N OT 2 4 H OU RSLOW VALU E 2 4 HOUR VALUE’N O T 2 4 H O UR V A L U E 7

ZERO OUT T I MER-HI GH VALUEV A L UE R E F L E C T S CO R RE CT T I C K S P A S TOOBOHI N D I C A T E S 2 4 H OU R T H R E SH O L D

E N A B L E A L L I N T E R R U P T SCX =AX, COUNT FOR NUMBER OF USERT I M E I N T E R R U P T SI F ZER O DO NOT I SS UE ANYI N T E R R U P T SS A V E A L L R E G I S T E R S S A V ED P R I O R T OI N T I C C A L L F RO M T I M E R I N TTHIS P R O V I D E S A C O M P A T I B L EI N T E R F AC E TO I C

TRANSFER CONTROL TO USERI N T E R R U P TDO A L L U S ER T I M E R I N T E R R U P T S

R E S T O R E R E G I S T E R SI N T E R R U P T S I C H A V E B E E N I S S U E D .

C H EC K I F K E Y S T R O K E O C C UR EDOR A L , A L , A L W AS S E T D U R I N G C A L L T O E N A B L EJ Z J 1 6- 7 , NO KEY WAS PRESSED WHI LE SYSTEM

MO V e x , o e o H , D U R A T I O N OF TONEM O V C X , O O B H , FREQUNCY OF TONECA LL KB-NO1 SE , N O T I F Y U S E R O F M I S S E D K E Y B O R A D

, I N P U T

, UAS MASKED

8/12/2019 jrtech


E E C 7

EECC

EED I

E E D 6E E D 7E E D 7€ E D 9EEDC

E E D E

E E D FE E E 2E E E 3EEESE E E 7E E E S

EO 2 6 0 0 1 7 R FO

EO 2 6 O O l E R OF

EO 2 6 0088 R I F9 D

7 2 4 0E E E A A O R7 2 38

F C

BE 0 0 4 2 RAC2 4 CO

74 5 83 C 4 07 5 2 5

E E E E A CE E E C 3 C E OE EE E 7 4 2 AE E F O DO EOE E F 2 D O EOE E F 4 DO EOE E F 6 E 4 10

E EF E 7 2 18

E E F A DO EOE E F C E 4 08

E EF E 7 2 1 2EFDO D O EOE F 0 2 DO EOE F 0 4 E4 0 4E F 0 6 72 OAE F O E DO EOE F O A D O EO

EFOC E 4 0 2E FO E 7 2 0 2

E F 10E F I O E 4 2 0E F 1 2E F l 2 08 2 6 0041 R

E F 1 6 EE E A E I RE F 19E F 1 9 C 3

E F AE F l A EA 5 E OE

E F l D EE E A E I R

E F 2 0 3 A DE

E F 2 2 7 4 OC

E F 2 4E F 2 9E F 2 EE F 2 FE F 3 0E F 3 2E F 3 4E F 3 EE F 3 9E F 3 DE F 3 FE F 4 2E F 4 4E F 4 5

EO OE 0 0 4 1 R 0 4C 6 06 0 0 4 3 R EOF 9c333 co3 3 F 6E8 E 4 0 0 4 2 R4 6B E E 4 0 0 4 2 R

E B 03E E E A E I R3 2 E 4c 3

- -- - - - -C L E A R S H I F T S T A T E S D ON T L E A V E P O S S I E I L T Y O F D A N G L I N G S T A T E S

OF M I S S E D B R E A K S

AND KE-FLAG , OFOH , C L E A R A L T , C L R L , L E F T A ND R I G H T

AND KE-FLAG-1,OFH , C L E A R P O T E N T I A L B R E AK O F I N S , C A P S

AND KE-FLAG-2, I F H , C L E AR F U N C T I O N S T A T E S

, S H I F T S

, N U M A N D S C R O L L S H I F T

J 1 6 - 7 P O P F , G E T T H E F L A G SJ 1 7

J C J 2 0C A L L R E S U L T S , GET THE NEC STATUSJ C J 2 0 L OO K F O R E RR OR

CLD , S E T T H E C O R R E C T D I R E C T I O N

MOV S 1 ,O FFS E T NE C S TA TUS , P O I N T T O S T A TU S F I E L D

-_-__-HECK THE RESULTS R E T U R N ~ D EV THE CONTROLLER

-----

THE CURRE NT S Y S TE M CON FIGU RA T ION HA S NO DMA I N ORDE R TOSTOP THE NEC AN EOT MUST BE PASSED TO FORCE THE NEC TO HAL TTHE RE FORE , THE S TA TUS RE TURNE D B Y T H E N EC U I L L A L U A YS S H OUAN € 0 1 ERROR I F T H I S IS THE ONLY ERROR RETURNED AND THENUMBER OF SECTORS TRANSFERRED EQUALS THE NUMEER SECTORSR EO U ES TE D I N T H I S I N T E R R U P T C A L L T H EN T H E O P E R A T I O N H ASC O M PL E TE D S U C C E SS F U L L Y I F AN EO T ER R OR IS RETURNED AND THEREQUESTED NUMEER OF SECTORS IS NOT THE NUMEER OF SECTORSTRANSFERRED THEN THE ERROR IS L E G I T I M A T E U HE N T HE E O 1ERROR IS I N V A L I D T H E S T A T U S B Y T E S R E T UR N E D A R E U PD A T ED T OR E F L E C T T H E S T A T U S O F T H E O P E R A T I O N I F D MA H A D B E E N P R E S E N T

L ODS NE C-S TA TUS , GET S T ICMP AL,EOH , IS T H I S T H E O N L Y E R RO R 7J E J 2 1 - 1 , NORMA L TE R MIN A TIO N, NO E RRORS A L A L . I , NOT E OT ERROR, B Y P A S S ERROR B I T S

S A L A L , I

S A L A L , I , TEST FOR CRC ERRORMOV AH, EAD-CRCJ C J19

S A L A L , I , TEST FOR DMA OVERRUNMOV AH, BAD-D MAJ C J19 , R U - F A I LS A L A L , 1

S A L A L I TEST FOR RECORD NOT FOUND

J C J19 , R U - F A I L

S A L A L , IS A L A L , I , T E S T M I S S I N G A D D R ES S M AR K

MOV AH, BAD-ADDR-M ARKJ C J19 . RU F A I L

...........................................................

, R U - F A I L

M O V AH: RE CO RD-NO T-FN~

-

------ N EC M U ST H A V E F A I L E D, RU-NE C-FA 1 L18

J 19 R U - F A I LMOV AH, BAD-NEC

OR D I S K E T T E - S T A T U S , 6 HCALL NUM-TRANS , HOU MANY WERE REALLY TRANSFERRED

R E T , RETURN TO CALLERJ 2 0 , RU-ERR

- _ - _ _ _PE RA TIO N WAS SUCCESSFULJ 2 1 - 1

M OV E L , t E P + 1 4 1 , GET NUMBER OF SECTORS PASSED

CALL NUM-TRANS , HOU MANY GOT MOVED, AL CO NT AIN S

C M P E L , A L , NUMEER REOUESTEO=NUMEER ACTUALLY

J E J 2 1 - 2 , TRA NS FE R S UCCE S S FUL

A RE A L E RROROR DIS K E TTE -S TA TUS ,RE CORD-NOT-FNDMOV NEC-STATUS+I ,EOH , S T I G ET S C O RR EC T V A L U ES T CRET

XOR S I , S I IND EX TO NEC-STATUS ARRAYMOV NEC -STAT USC SI1 .A; ZERO OUT BYT E STO

MOV NE C-S TA TUS C S I1 .A ; ZERO OUT E UV E , S T IJMP S HORT J2 1 -3 , OPN-OK

, FROM STACK

, NUM OF SECTORS

, TRANSFERRED7

--__-- P E R A T I O N A T TE M P TE D TO A C C ES S D A T A P A S T R E A L E O T T H I S IS

J2 1 -2 XOR A X ,A X , CL E A R A X FOR NE C-S TA TUS UP DA TE

I N C SI ~ O I N T INDEX A T ~ E C O N D Y TE

J 2 2 C A L L N UM -T RA NSJ2 1 -3 XOR A H,A H , NO ERRORS

RU-OPN ENDP

, D I S K - I N T

R E T

____________________----- - - - - -- - - - - -- - - - - - -- - -

T H I S R O U T I N E H A N D L ES T H E D I S K E T T E I N T E R R U P T A N IN T E R R U P TU I L L OC CU R O N L Y U HE N T H E O NE -S H O T T I M E R IS F I R E D T H I SO C CU RS I N A N ERROR S I T U A T I O N T H I S R O U T I NE S E T S E RR OR S I NT H E D I S K E T T E S T A T U S B Y T E A ND D I S A B L E S T H E ON E- SH O T T I M E RTHEN THE RETURN ADDRESS ON THE STACK IS CHANGED TO RETURNTO THE OP-END LA BE L

NONE

NONE DS P O I N T S A T B I O S DATA AREA CARRY FL AG IS S E T SOT H A T ER RO R U I L L B E CA UGHT I N THE E NV IRONME MT RE TURNE D TO

, I N P U T

, OUTPUT

___________________----------------------------

8/12/2019 jrtech


E F 5 7E F 5 7E F 5 7 1 EE F 5 E 5 0E F 5 9 5 2E F 5A 5 5E F 5 E E E 1388 R

E F 5 E 8E ECE F 6 0 O EE F 6 1 5 8

E F 6 2 38 4 6 OAE F 6 5 7 5 4 8E F 6 7 E8 4 6 OEE F 6 A 3 D E E 2 0 R

E F 6 D 7 C 4 0E F 6 F 3 D E E 6 6 RE F 7 2 7 D 3 8

E F 7 4 C 7 4 6 08 E E 6 5 RE F 7 9 8 1 4E OC 0001

E F 7 EE F E I

E F E 2E F E 4E F 8 6E F E EE F E E

E F E EE F S I

E F 9 3E F 9 5E F S A

E F S CE FA I

E F A 6E F A S

E F A AE F A DE F A EE F A FE F E 1

E F E 3E F E 4E F E 5E F E 6E F E 7E F E E

E A OOF4EC2 4 FO3 C DO7 5 1 4E E E A A O RB E 0 0 4 2 R

E A 4 4 0 1

A 8 0 27 4 0 7EO OE 0 0 4 1 R 0 3E E 1 3

EO OE 0 0 4 1 R EOC 6 0 6 0 0 3 E R 00

E A 0 0 F 25 D

E8 E E 4 5 R5 5E EEO 2 0E 6 2 05 D5 A5 8I FCF

E F C 7E F C 7E F C 7 C F

E F C E 03

E FC S 2 5E FC A 0 2E F C E 08

E F C C 2 AE F C D F FE F C E 50E FC F F 6EFDO 19

E F D l 04

ORG OE F5 7 H

P U S H DSPUSH AX

P US H DX , S A V E R E G I S T E RP U S H E P , S A V E T H E E P R E G I S T E RC A L L D D S , S E TUP DS T O P O I N T A T B I O S D A T A

------ C HEC K I F I N T E R RU P T OC CU RE D I N I N T I 3 OR W HE TH ER I T I S AS P U R I O U S I N T E R R U P TMOV EP,SP , P O I N T E P AT S T A C KPUSH CS , WAS I T I N TH E E 1 0 5 AR EAPOP AX

CMP A X ,WORD P T RC B P + IO I , GET INTERRUPTED SEGMENTJ NE 0 1 3 , NOT I N BIOS, E R R O R C O N D I T I O NMOV A X ,UORD P TR CE P +E l GE T I P ON THE S TA CK

D I S K - I NT P ROC FA R

CMP AX,OFFSET VERIFY-L~OP , RANGE CHECK IP FOR DISK, TRANSFER

J L 0 1 3 , BELOW TRANSFER CODECMP A X ,OFFS E T OP -E ND+I , UPPER RANGE OF TRANSFER CODEJG E 0 1 3 , ABOVE RANGE OF WATCHDOG TE RR AI N

P U L L OUT OF L OOPMOV WORD PT RC EP +El ,OF FS ET OP-ENDOR WORD PT RC BP +IP I , 1 , T U R N ON C AR RY F L A G I N F L A G S ON

------- A L ID D IS K E TT E INTE RRU P T CHANGE RE TURN A DDRE S S ON S TA CK TO

, STACK.................................................................

, +++NOTE **+, A U R I T E P R O T E C T E D D I S K E T T E WILL A LW A YS G ET S T U C K I N U R I T E L O O P, W A I T I N G F O R B E G I N N I N G OF E X E C U T I O N P H A S E U H E N T H E W A TC H DO G, F I R E S AN D T H E S T A T U S I N P O R T N E C -S T AT D X H ( X ME AN S D O N ' T C A R E )

,S T A T U S F RO M T H E R E S U L T P H A S E I S A V A I L A B L E T H E S T A T U S IS READ

, AND WRITE PROTECT IS C H E C K E D - F O R

MOV DX, NEC-ST ATI N A L,D X , GE T NE C S TA TUS B Y TEAND AL,OFOH , M ASK H I G H N I B B L ECMP AL,ODOH , I S E X E C U T I O N P H A S E D ON EJ N E D I I , S TU C K I N L OO PC A L L R E S U L T S , GE T S TA TUS OF OP E RA TIONMOV S 1 ,O FFS E T NE C-S TA TUS , ADDRESS OF BYTES RETURNED B Y

, NECMOV A L , CS 1 +1 1 , GET S T IT E S T A L . 0 2 H , W R I T E P R O T E C T S I G N A L A C T I V E ?J Z D I I , TIME OUT E RROROR D I S K E T T E - S T A T U S , U R I T E - P R O T E C TJMP S HORT D 1 3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

------TIME OUT E RRORDI I OR DISKE TTE-S TATU S, TIME-OUT

MOV SEEK-STATUS, 0 , S E T RE CA L ON DRIV E S

D 1 2 MOV DX,NEC-CTL , ADDRESS TO NEC CONTROL PORT

POP EP , P OINT B P A T E A S E OF S TA CK E D

C A L L G E T - D R I V E , RE S E T A DA P TE R A ND DIS A B L E UDP U S H E P , RE S TORE FOR RE TURNE D CA L LO U T D X , A L

OUT I TAOO, ALPOP EPPOP DXPOP AXPOP D S

I R E T , RE TURN FROM INTE RRU P T

------ RE S E T THE NE C A N0 DI S A B L E WA TCHDOG

, PARAMETERS

D 1 3 MOV A L , E O I , G I V E E D 1 TO 8 2 5 9

D I K-I NT ENDP

, DIS K -E A S E, T H I S I S TH E S E T O F P AR A M ET E R S R E Q U I R E D F OR

, D I S K E T T E O P E R A T I O N T H EY A RE P O I N T E D A T BY THE, D A T A V A R I A B L E D I S K - P O I N T E R T O M O D I F Y T H E P A RA M E TE R S,, B U I L D A NO TH ER P A R A M ET E R B L OC K AN D P O I N T A T I T

.................................................

___-_____________-______________________----------ORG

DE

DE

DEDED BDEDE

DED EDBD E

D I K-EASEO E F C 7 HL A B E L B Y T EllOOl1llE

3

MOTOR-WAIT ,28

0 2 A HO F F H0 5 0 HO F 6 H2 54

SRTZC, HD UNLOAD=OF - I S T S P EC I FYB Y T EHD L O A D ZI , MODEZND DMA - 2NDS P E C I F Y B Y T EW A I T A F T E R O P N T I L M OT OR O F F5 1 2 E Y T E S l S E C T O RE O T ( L A S T S E CTOR ON TRA CK )GA P L E NGTHD T LGA P L E NGTH FOR FORMA TF I L L B Y T E F O R FO RM ATH E A D S E T T L E T'JME ( M I L L I S E C O N D S )MOTOR S TA RT T IME (118 SECONDS)

8/12/2019 jrtech


E F D PE F D PE F D P F B

E FD 3 I EE F D 4 52

E FD 5 5 6E F D B 5 1E F D 7 53

E F DB E 8 1 3 8 8 R

E F D B B B OE 0010 RE FD F F 6 C 5 2 0E F E2 7 4 OD

E F E 4 B B 1 E 0008 RE F E B 81 F B 0 2 F BE F E C 75 03E F E E E 9 1 B C 3 R

E F F l B B F 2E F F 3 B A 9 C 0 0 7 8 RE F F 7 D I E 6E F F 9 B B 9 4 0008 R

E F F D OB D 2

E F F F 7 4 OCF O O l O A E 4F003 74 OEF 0 0 5 F E CCF 0 0 7 7 4 4 0F009 F E C CFOOB 7 4 2 8FOODF OO D 5 8FOOE 59F O O F 5 EF O l O 5 AF O l l I FF 0 1 2 C F

F O l 3 50F014 E EF 0 1 5 4 2

F 0 1 6 28 C 9F O l B E CF O 1 9 B A EOF O l B A B BOF O l D 75 OEF O l F E 2 F 7F O 2 l F E C BF D 2 3 7 5 F IF 0 2 5 BO CC 0 1F 0 2 B B O E 4 F 9F 0 2 B E B 1 4F 0 2 DF 0 2 D B O ODF 0 2 F 4 2F 0 3 0 E EF 0 3 l B O OCF033 E EF 0 3 4 5 8

--- I N T 17 --------------__-_-_____________________----------, P R I N T E R - I O

T H I S R O U T I NE P R O V I D E S C O M M U NI CA T IO N U I T H T HE P R I N T E R(AHl=O P R I N T TH E CH AR AC TE R I N ( A L )

ON RETURN, A H = I I F C H A RA CT ER C OU LD N O T B E P R I N T E D( T I M E O U T ) , O TH ER B I T S S E T A S ON N OR MA L S T A T U S C A L L

R ET UR NS U I T H ( A H ) S ET U I T H P R I N T E R S TA T US

2 - 1 0

( A H ) = l I N I T I A L I Z E TH E P R I N TE R PO RT

( A H ) = 2 R E AD T HE P R I N T E R S T A TU S I N T O ( A H )7 6 5 4 3

: T I M E O U T: UNUSED-

: 1 = I / : ERROR

a I = SELECTED1 = OUT OF PAPER' I = A&NoULEDGEI- 1 = N O T B U S Y

( D X I = P R I N T E R TO B E U S E D ( 0 , 1 , 2 1 C O R RE S P ON D IN G TO A C TU A L

, DATA AREA PRINTER-BASE CO NTA INS THE BASE ADDRESS OF THE PR INT ER, C A R D ( S 1 A V A I L A B L E ( LO C A T E D A T B E G I N N I N G OF D A T A S EG ME NT , 4 0 8 H, ABSOLUTE, 3 UORDSI , UNLESS THERE IS O NL Y A S E R I A L P R I N T E R, A T TA C H ED , I N U H I C H C A S E T H E U OR D A T 4 0 B U I L L C O NT AI N A 0 2 F B H, R E G I S T E R S AH IS M O D I F I E D

V A L U E S I N P R I N T E R -B A S E A RE A

ALL OTHERS UNCHANGED--------------__----____________________-----------------------

ASSUME CS CODE,DS DATAORG OEFD2H

S T I , I N T E R R U P T S B A C K O N

P U S H D S , SAVE SEGMENTPUSH DXP U S H SIPUSH CXP U S H B XC A L L DDS

, R E D IR E C T T O S E R I A L ON LY I F, I > S E R I A L P R I N T E R IS ATTACHED,AND, 2 > UO RD A T P R I N T E R B A S E 0 2 F B H, P OUE R O NS U I L L O NL Y P UT A 0 2 F B H I N T HE P R I N T E R B A S E I F T H E R E 'S, N O P A R A L L E L P R I N T E R A T T A C H E D

P R I N T E R - I O P RO C F A R

MOV CX, EQ UIP-F LAG , G ET F L A G I N CXTEST CH, OOlOOOOOB , S E R I A L A T T A C H E D ?J Z BO ,NO -HANDLE NORMALLYMOV B X , PR I NT E R -B A S E , S E E I F T H E R E ' S A N R S 2 3 2CMP B X . 0 2 F B H , B A S E I N T HE P R I N T E R B A SEJ N E BO

BOO J MP B I -A , I F T HE RE IS R E D I R E C T

, C O N T R O L IS P AS SE D T O T H I S P O I N T I F T HE RE IS A PARALLEL OR, T H E R E ' S N O S E R I A L P R I N T E R A TT AC HE DBO MOV S I , D X , G E T P R I N T E R P A R M

, E L S E H A N D L E A S P A R A L L E L

MO V B L , P R I N T - T I M - O U T C S I I L O A 0 T I M E O U T V A L U ES H L SI, I , U OR b O F F S E T I N T O T A B L EM O V D X , P R I N T E R - B A S E [ S I l , GET BASE ADDRESS FOR PRINTER

, CARDOR DX,DX , TEST DX FOR ZERO, IN DI CA T I NG NO

, P R I N T E RJ Z 8 1 , I F NO P A R A L L E L , R E TU RNOR AH,AH , TEST FOR (AHIsOJ Z B 2 , P R I N T - A LDEC AH , T E S T FO R ( A H ) = lJ Z B B , I N I T - P R TDEC AH , T E ST F OR ( A H l = 2J Z 8 5 , P R I N T E R S T A T U S

POP BXPOP cxPOP SI , RECOVER REGISTERSPOP DX , RECOVER REGISTERSPOP D SI RET

B I , RETURN

------ P R I N T TH E CH AR AC TE R I N ( A L )8 2 P U SH A X

OUT DX,ALI N C D X

------U A I T B U S Y

i33 SUB83-1 I N

MOVT E S TJ N ZLOOPDECJ N ZORANDJMP

MOVI NCOUTMOVOUTPOP

84

cx, cxAL, DXAH, A LA L , BOH8 483-1

B L8 3AH, I

A H O F 9 HS HO RT 8 7

AL, ODHDXDX, ALAL, OCHDX, ALAX

S A V E V A L U E TO P R I N TOUTPUT CHAR TO PORTP O I N T T O S T A T U S P O R l

I N N E R L OO P ( 6 4 K )G E T S T A T U SS T A T U S T O AH A L S OIS T H E P R I N T E R C U R R E NT L Y B U S YOUT-STROBEL OO P I F N OTDROP OUTER LOOP COUNTMAKE ANOTHER PASS I F NOT ZEROSET ERROR FLAGT U RN O F F T H E UN U S ED B I T SR E TU R N U I T H ER RO R F L A G S E TOUT-STROBESET THE STROBE HIGH

SET THE STROBE LOU

RECOVER THE OUTPUT CHAR

8/12/2019 jrtech


F 0 3 5F O 3 6F O 3 AF 0 3 EF 0 3 CF 0 3 EF 0 4 1

F04 iF042F044F047

F049F 0 4 AF 0 4 BF 0 4 CF 0 4 EF 0 4 FF052F052F 0 5 3F O S S

F057F O S EF O 5 AF065F065

50BE 9 4 0008 R .4 2E C8 A E O80 E 4 F E

5 AE A C 280 F 4 4 8E E C 4

504 24 2BO 08

E EB 8 O 3 E B

4 875 F DEO OC

E EE B D C

E 9 ODOE R

F 0 6 E

F 0 6 E E 8 1388 RF 0 6 B B E O O l E RF 0 6 E EB 04F070 EB C 4F 0 7 2 EO E 4 EO

F 0 7 S 7 4 ODF077 3 2 COF079 E 6 A 0

F078 BE 2 0 0 0F 0 7 E B E 0036 RF O E 1 E E 0 9 E C RF O B 4 C F

F085

F O B 5F O B SF O E 7F O E EF O E A

FOBDF O E FF 0 9 0F092F093F095F096F 0 9 EF099F O S A

F 0 9 CF 0 9 DF09FF O A 2

F O A 3F O A 4

F O A 4F O A 4

F O A 4

F O A BF O B 0

BO EOE EE E 00E 3 E A 03

EO OCE EE E 00

42EO 00

E EE B 004 24 2EO OF

E EE E 00E 3 E A 03E C

c3

3 8 28 2 C 06 I F 0619

I C 0 2 07 06 0700 00 DO 00

P R I N T E R S T A T U S-----65 PUSH AX SAVE AL REGE 6 M OV D X, P R I N T E R - B A S E C k I I

I N C D X

I N A L, DX , G E T P R I N T E R S T A T U SMOV AH,ALAND AH, OFBH , T UR N O F F UN U SE D B I T S

POP DX , RECOVER AL REGMOV AL,DL , G E T C H AR A C TE R I N T O A LXOR AH, 48H , F L I P A C OU PL E OF B I T SJMP El RETURN FROM ROUTI NE

87 , STATUS-SET

INITIALIZE THE PRINTER P ~ R T-----B B PUSH AX , S A V E A L

I N C D X , PO I N T TO OUTPUT PORTI N C D XMOV AL,B , SE T I N I T L I N E L OUO U T D X , A LMOV AX, 1000

89 , I N I T - L O O P

DEC AX , LOOP FOR RESET TO TAKEJ N Z E 9 , I N I T - L O O PMOV AL,OCH , NO INTER RUP TS, NON AUTO LF, I N I T

O U T D X , A LJ M P 86 , PRTJTATUS-1

O R G O F 0 6 5 HJMP NEAR PTR V I DEO - I O

, HIGH

P R I N T E R - I O E N D P

................................................, SUB ROU TI NE TO SAVE ANY SCAN CODE REC EI VED ,

,EV T HE N M I R O U T I N E ( P AS SE D I N A L )

, D U R I N G P O S T I N T HE K E Y BO A R D B U F F E R, C A L L E D T HR OU GH I N T 4 E H................................................

KEY-SCAN-SAVEASSUMEC A L LnovnovMOVAND

JZXOROUTnovnovC A L L

K S - I : I R E T

KEY-SCAN-SAVE

PROC FARDS: D A T ADDS . P O I N T D S TO DATA AREA

CSI I , A L ; SAVE SCAN CODEAX, SP ; CHECK FOR STACK UNDERFLOWAH,11100000E ; ( T H E S E B I T S WILL B E 111 I F

KS-1A L , A LOAOH, AL ; SHUT OFF NM IB X , 2 0 0 0 H . E R R O R C O D E 2 0 0 0 H

E-MSG ; AND HA LT SYSTEM

ENDP

SI,OFFSET KE-EUF~ER ; POINT T O FIRST L OC . IN BUFFER

; UNDERFLOU HAPPEND)

SI,OFFSET KEY-ERA ; POST MESSAGE

; RETURN TO CALLER

-~

; S U B R O U T I N E T O S E T A N I N S 8 2 5 0 C H I P ’ S B AU D R A T E TO 9600 EPS AND; D E F I N E I T ’ S D A T A WORD AS H A V I N G B E I T S /W O R D , 2 ST O P B I T S , A N D; ODD P A R I T Y .

; EXPECTS TO BE PASSED:( D X ) = L I N E C O NT R OL R E G I S T E R

; UPON RETURN:( D X ) = T R A N S M l T I R E C E I V E B U F F E R A D D R E S S

; A L SO , A L T E R S R E G I S T E R A L . A L L O T H ER S R E M A I N I N T A C T .

5 8 2 5 0 P R O CMOVOUTJMPSUE

novOUTJMPI NCnovOUTJ M PI NC1NCnov

NEARAL, EOH

DX, AL1 + 2DX. 3

A L , 1 2DX, AL1+2D XAL, 0

DX, AL1 + 2D XDXA L , 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 E ,

OUT DX, ALJ M P 1 + 2S U B D X . 3I N A L,D X

R E T58250 ENDP. ------ T A B L ES F O R U S E I N S E T T I N G

VI DEO-PARMS LAB EL BYTEORG OFOA4H

S E T D L A B = 1

110 DELAYL S 8 OF D I V I S O R L A T C H

D I V I S O R = 12 PRODUCES 9600 E P SS E T L S E110 DELAYMSB O F D I V I S O R L A T C HHIGH O R D E R O F D I V I S O R SS E T MSBI 1 0 DELAY

L I N E C ON TR O L R E G IS T E R8 B I T S I W O R D , 2 ST O P B I T S , OD DP A R I T V

110 DELAYR E C E I V E R B U F F E RI N C AS E U R I T I N G T O P OR T L C RCAUSED DATA READY TO GO HIGH

OF CRT MODE

-.------ I I T-TABLE

DE 3EH, 2 8 H , 2C H, 0 6 H , l F H , 6, 1 9 H ; SETUP FOR 40x25

DB I C H , 2 , 7 , 6 , 7DE O , O , O , O

A-82 R O M B I O S

8/12/2019 jrtech


= OB10

F O E 4

FODPF O C O

F O C 4

. F O C EF O D O

F O D 4

F O D EF O E 0

F O E 4F O E 4

F O E 7F O E 9

F O E CF O E CF O E F

F O F 1F O F 2F O F 3F O F 4F O F 7F O F 7F O F 7F O F 9

F O F BF O F DF O F F

F103F 105F 107F 107

F IOEF 1 0 DF IODF l l OF112F113

7 1 50 5 A O C if 619I C 02 07 06 0700 00 00 0 0

38 28 28 06 7F 06

6 470 02 0 1 26 0700 00 00 00

71 50 56 OC 3F 0632

38 02 03 26 0700 00 0 0 00

EO F C 0 4

72 03E 9 F531 R

E 8 F O F 7 REE F3

06I FADE 9 O F 7 0 R

B A C F32 EOEE F l

D l E 6BE 84 0050 R

33 DEE3 06

0 3 I E 0 0 4 C R

E 2 F A

E 8 E 5 C 2 R

03 DEc3

F113

F l l 3 80 F C 0 4F116 72 0 3F l l E E 9 F3F1 RF l l EF l l E E A E 3F l l D 50

F l l E 5 1

F l l F E 8 F O F 7 R

F122 8E F EF124 59

F125 58

F126

F126 A BF127 E 2 F DF129 E 9 O F 7 0 R

F 1 2 C

MOO40 EQU 8 -V I DEO-PARMS

OB 71H, SOH, 5AH. OCH, I FH, 6, 1 9 H , S E T U P F O R 80x25

DE I C H , 2 , 7 , 6 , 7OB o , o , o , o

08 3EH, E H , 2E H , 0 6 H , 7 F H , 6 , 6 4 H , S E T U P F OR G R A P H I C S

D f l 70H, , 1, 26H, 7OB o , o , o , o

O f l 71H, OH, 6 H , OC H, 3 F H , 6 , 3 2 H , S E T U P F O R G R A P H I C S

, U S I N G 3 2 K O F M EM OR YB 3 8 H , 2,3, 2 6 H , 7DE 0 . 0 , O . O , (MODES 9 & A )

________r _ _ _______ _ _ __ __ ___

, READ-AC-CURRENTT H I S R O U T I N E R E AD S T HE A T T R I B U T E A N 0 C H A RA C TE R A T T H EC U R R E N T C U R S O R P O S I T I O N A N 0 R E T U R N S T H E M T O T H E C A L L E R

( A H ) = CURRENT CRT MODE(BH) = D I S P L A Y P A G E ( ALPHA MODES ONLY )

( D S ) = DATA SEGMENT(6s) REGEN SEGMENT

( A L ) C H AR R EA D( A H ) = A T T R I B U T E R E A D

ASSUME CS CODE OS D A T A E S D A T A

, I N P U T

, O U T P U T

_____________________---__------__--------

REAO-At -CURRENT PROC NEAR

C M P A H . 4

J C C 6 0J M P G R A P H I C S - R E A 0

C A L L F I N D - P O S I T I O NMOV S1 , EXP U S H E SP O P D SLODSWJ M P V I D E O - R E T U R N

READ-AC-CURRENT ENOPF I N O - P O S I T I O N P RO C N E A R

C 6 0 .

M O V C L , B HXOR CH,CH

M O V S I . C X

I S T H I S G RA PH IC S’

REAO-AC-CONTINUE

E S T A B L I S H AD D RE SS IN G I N S I

G E T S E G M E N T F O R Q U I C K A C C E S SG E T TH E C H A R I A T T R

D I S P L A Y P A G E TO C X

M OV E T O S I F O R I N D E X

S AL S I . 1 , t 2 FOR WORD OFF SE TM OV A X , t S I + O F F S E T C U R SO R -P O S NI , GET ROUlCOLUMN OF

XOR EX,EX , SET ST ART ADDRESS TO ZEROJ C X Z C 6 2 , NO-PAGE

ADD BX,CRT-LEN , L E N G T H O F B U F F E RL O O P C 6 1

C A L L P O S I T I O N , D E T E R M IN E L O C A T I O N I N RE G ENADD EX, AX , ADO TO START OF REGENR E T

F I N O - P O S I T I O N E N D P

, WRITE-ACJURRENT

, T H A T P A G E

C 6 1 , PAGE-LOOP

C 6 2 , NO-PAGE

.........................................

T H I S R O U T I N E W R I T E S T H E A T T R I B U T E AN D C HA R AC T ER A TT H E C UR R E NT C UR SO R P O S I T I O N

(A H) CURRENT CRT MODE(EH) D I S P L A Y P A G E( C X ) = C O U N T O F C H A R A C T E R S T O W R I T E( A L ) = CHAR TO WRI TE( E L ) A T T R I B U T E O F C HA R T O W R I T E

( 0 5 ) = DATA SEGMENT( E S ) R E G EN S E GM E N T

NONE

, I N P U T

, O U T P U T

L R I TE-AC-CURRENT PROC NEAR

CMP AH.4J C C 6 3J M P G R A P H I C S - W R I T E

C 6 3 :M O V A H . E LP U S H A XP U S H cxC A L L F I N D -P O SI T I ONM O V 0 1 , E XPOP c xPOP AX

STOSWL O O P C 6 4J M P V I D E O - R E T U R N

WRITE-At -CURRENT ENOP

C 6 4

I S T H I S G R AP H IC S?

WRITE-AC-CONTINUEG E T A T T R I B U T E T O A HS A V E O N S T A C KS A V E W R I T E C O U N T

ADDRESS TO 0 1 R E G I S T E RW R I T E C O U N TC H AR AC T ER I N A X R E G

WRITE-LOOP

P U T T H E C H A R I A T T RA S M A NY T I M E S A S R E Q U E ST E D

8/12/2019 jrtech


F 1 2 CF 1 2 C 80 F C 04F 1 2 F 7 2 03F131 E 9 F 3 F l RF134 50F135 51F 1 3 6 E 8 F O F7 RF139 88 F BF l 3 B 59F 1 3 C 58F 1 3 DF 1 3 D 8 A C 3F l 3 F AAF 1 4 0 47F 1 4 1 E 2 F AF l 4 3 E 9 O F 7 0 RF 146

F 146F 146F 148F 1 4 DF 150F 153

F 155F 157F 159F 158

F 1 5 EF 1 5 EF161

F 1 6 2F 1 6 3

F 164F168F 1 6 AF 1 6 CF 1 6 EF 170F 1 7 2F 1 7 4F 175F 176F 177F 1 7 AF 1 7 CF 1 7 EF180

F 1 8 2F 184

EO 3 E 0 0 4 9 R O A

7 4 11E 8 F l D 9 R26: E A 042 2 c 4

D 2 E OE A C ED 2 COE 9 O F 7 0 R

E 8 F l D 9 R5 25 150

26: E A 44 0 122 c40 2 EOEA CEF E C 1D 2 C OBE DE5 8595 A2 6 : E A 042 2 c 4D 2 E OEA CED 2 C OOA C3E 9 O F 7 0 R

, WR I TE-C-CURRENTT H I S R O U T I N E W R I T E S T H E C H A RA C TE R A TT H E C U R R E NT CU R SO R P O S I T I O N , A T T R I B U T E U N CH AN G ED

( A H ) = CURRENT CRT MODE(BH) D I S P L A Y P A G E( C X ) = COUNT OF CHARACTERS TO URI TEI A L ) = CHAR TO WRI TE( D S ) = DATA SEGMENT( E S ) = REGEN SEGMENT

NONE

, I N P U T

, OUTPUT

............................................~ R IE-C-CURRENT PROC NEAR

CMP AH. 4 , IS T H I S G R A P H I C S 'J C C 6 5JMP GRAPHI CS-WRI TE

PUSH CX , S A V E U R I T E C O U N T

C A L L F I N D - P O S I T I O NM O V D I . E X , ADDRESS TO D IPOP cx , U R I T E C O U N TPOP ex , EL H A S C H A R T O U R I T E

MOV AL,EL , RECOVER CHAR

S T O S BI N C D I , B UM P P O IN T E R P A S T A T T R I B U T EL O O P C 6 6 , A S M A N Y T I N E S A S R E O U E S T E DJMP VIDEO-RETURN

C 6 5 P U S H A X , SAVE ON STACK

C 6 6 , WRITE-LOOP

, P U T T HE C H A R I A T T R

URITE-C-CURRENT ENDP

............................................READ DOT -- U R I T E D O TT H E S E R O U T I N E S U I L L U R I T E A D OT , OR R E AD T H E

E N T R Y --O T A T TH E I N D I C A T E D L O C A T I O N

DX ROU (0-199) (THE ACTUAL VALUE DEPENDS ON THE MODE)CX = COLUMN ( 0-639) ( THE VALUES ARE NOT RANGE CHECKED 1

A L D O T V A L U E T O W R I T E ( 1 , 2 O R 4 B I T S D E P E N D I N G O N M OD E,R E O 'D F OR U R I T E D OT O NL Y, R I G H T J U S T I F I E D )

B I T 7 O F A L 1 I N D I C A T E S XO R TH E V A L U E I N T O T H E L O C A T I O N

DS = DATA SEGMENTE S = REGEN SEGMENT

E X I TA L = D OT V A L U E R E A D . R I G H T J U S T I F I E D , R E A D O NL Y..............................................ASSUME CS CODE, DS DAT A. ES DATA

CMP CRT-MODE,OAH , 6 4 0 x 2 0 0 4 C O LO R7

J E READ-ODD , YES, HANDL E SEPARAT ELYC A L L C 7 2 , D E T E R M I N E B Y T E P O S I T I O N O F D O TMOV AL,ES CSll , G E T T H E B Y T EA N D A L , A H , M AS K O FF T H E O TH ER B I T S I N TH E

S H L A L , C L , L E F T J U S T l F V T HE VA L U EMOV CL,DH , G ET N U MB ER O F B I T S I N R E S U L TR O L A L , C L , R I G H T J U S T I F Y T H E R E S U L TJMP VIDEO-RETURN - , R E T U R N F R O M V I D E O 10

, I N 6 4 0 x 2 0 0 4 CO LO R MO DE , T H E 2 C O LO R BITS ( C 1 , C O ) A R E D I F F E R E N T, THAN OTHER MODES CO IS I N THE E VE N B YT E, C l IS I N T H E F O L L O U IN G, ODD B Y T E - B OT H A T T H E S AM E B I T P O S I T I O N U I T H I N T H E IR R E S P E C T IV E

READ-DOT PROC NEAR

, B Y T E

B Y T E SR E ~ D - O D D

C A L LP U S HP U S HP U S H

novANDS H LMOVI NCR O LMOVPOPPOPPOPMOVANDS H LMOVR O LORJ M P

C 7 2DXcxAX

A L , E S : CSI+l lAL, AHA L , C LCL , DHC LA L . C LEX, AXAXcxDXA L , E S : CSll

AL, AHA L , C LCL , DHA L , C LA L, E LVIDEO-RETURN

D E T E R M I N ES A V E I N F O

P O S l T I ON OF DOT

G ET C l C OLOR B I T FRO M ODD B Y T EM A SK O F F O T HE R B I T SL E F T J U S T I F Y T H E V A LU EG ET N UM BE R OF B I T S I N R E S U L T

R I G H T J U S T I F Y T H E R E S U L TS AVE I N EX REGR E S T O R E P O S I T I O N I N F O

G E T CO C O LO R B I T F R O M E V E N B Y T EM A SK O F F O TH E R B I T SL E F T J U S T I F Y T HE V A LU EG ET N UM BE R O F B I T S I N R E S U L TR I G H T J U S T I F Y T H E R E S U L TC OM EIN E C l L CO

8/12/2019 jrtech


F I E 7

F 1 8 7F 187F I E 8F I E 9F 1 E AF I EE

F 1 E E

F 190

F 192F 195F 196

F199F 19E

F 1 9 D

F 19FF 1 A 1F 1 A lF 1 A 4F I A SF 1 A 6F I A 7F I A CF A EF A FF 180

F 1 8 2

F 185

F 1 8 7F 1B9

F 1ED

F I B EF l C lF I C 3

F I C 5F I C 7F I C 9F I C 9F C 0F I C EF l D lF l O lF l D 3F I D 5F I D 5F 1 D 7F I D 9

5 15 25050E E F 1 D 9 R

0 2 E E

2 2 c42 6 . E A OC5 8F 6 C 3 E O

75 36F 6 D 4

2 2 ccOA C I

2 6 : E8 0 45 8SA5980 3 E 0 0 4 9 R OA75 2 05050D O E 8E E F I D S R

0 2 E 8

2 2 c 42 6 : E A 4 C 0158

F 6 C 3 EO75 1 2F 6 D 4

2 2 ccOA C I

2 6 : EE 4 4 0 1

5 8E 9 O F 7 0 R

3 2 C IE E CC

3 2 C IE E F O

F I D 9F I D S 53F I D A 50

F 1DE

F 1DDF O EF I E 1F E 6F I E 8F I E E

F I E DF E EF l F lF I F 3F I F 6F I F 6F 1 F EF I F DF 2 0 0

F 2 0 2F 2 0 5F 2 0 7F 2 0 E

EO 2 85 2EO E 2 F EEO 3 E 0 0 4 9 R7 2 0 3EO E 2 F CF6 E 2

5 AF 6 C 2 0 17 4 0 3

05 2000

E O 3 E 0049 R7 2 08

F 6 C 2 0 274 0 3

05 4 0 0 0EE FO5 8E8 D I

09

ENDP

PRDC NEAR

cxDXAXAXC 7 2

A L , C L

AL, AHC L,E S [ S I 1E XE L , EOH

C 7 0AH

CL, AHA L , C L

E S C S I 1 , A LAXDXc xCRT-MODE, OAHC 6 9AXAXA L , I

C 7 2

A L , C L

A L , A HCL ,E S C S 1 + 1 1E XE L , EOHC 7 I

AH

CL, AHA L , C L

E S C S + l I, A LAXVIDEO-RETURN

A L , C LC 6 7

C 7 I , XOR-DOTX OR A L ,CL , E X C L U S I V E OR THE DOTS

J M P C 6 E , F I N I S H UP THE U R I T I N GURITE -DOT E NDP

, T H I S S U B R O U T I N E D E T E R M I N E S TH E R EG E N B Y T E L O C A T I O N O F T H E, I N D I C A T E D R O U CO LU M N V A L U E I N G R A P H I C S M OD E, E N T R Y --, DX I OY V A L UE (0 -199)

, CX = C OL UM N V A L U E ( 0 - 6 3 9 )

, SI I F F S E T I N T O R EG E N B U F F E R F O R B Y T E O F I N T E R E S T, A H = M AS K TO S T R I P O F F T H E B I T S OF I N T E R E S T, C L = B I T S TO S H I F T TO R I G H T J U S T I F Y T HE M AS K I N A H, DH = 8 B I T S I N R ES U LT

;72 PROC NEA R

..............................................

, E X I T --

...............................................

P U S H E X , S A V E E X D U R I N G O P E R A T I O NP US H A X , U I L L S AV E A L D U R I N G O P E R A T IO N

------ D E T ER M IN E I S 1 B YT E I N I D I C A T E D ROU B Y M U L T I P L Y I N G R OU V A LU E

READ-DOT

UR I TE -DOT

P U S HP U S HPUSH

C A L L

SHR

ANDHOVPOPT E S T

J N ZNOT

ANDOR

MOVPOPPOPPOPCMPJ N EP U S HP U S HSHRC A L L

SHR

ANDHOVPOPT E S TJ N ZNOT

ANDOR

MOVPOP

C 6 9 : J M PC 7 0 :

XORJMP

pusn

C 6 7 :

C 6 E :

, S A V E COL, SAVE ROU, S A V E D O T V A L U E, T U l C E, D E T E R M I N E B Y T E P O S I T I O N O F T H E

, DOT, S H I F T TO S E T U P T HE B I T S FO R, OUTPUT, S T R I P O F F TH E OT HE R B I T S, GE T THE CURRE NT B Y TE, RECOVER XOR FLAG, IS I T ON

, YES, XOR TH E DOT, SET THE MASK TO REMOVE THE, I N D IC A T E 0 B I T S

, OR I N TH E N E U V A L U E O F TH O SE B I T S, F I N I S H - D O T, R E ST O R E T H E B Y T E I N M EM OR Y

, RECOVER R O U, RECOVER COL, 6 4 0 x 2 0 0 4 C OL OR 7, N 0 , J U M P, S A V E D O T V A L U E, T U l C E, S H I F T c l B I T I N TO c 0 P O S I T I O N

, DOT

, D E T E R M I N E B Y T E P O S I T I O N O F T H E

, S H I F T T O SE T U P TH E B I T S FO R

, OUTPUT, S T R I P O F F TH E OT HE R B I T S, GE T THE CURRE NT B Y TE, RECOVER XOR FLAG, IS I T ON, YES. XOR THE DOT, SET THE MASK TO REMOVE THE, I N D I C A T E D B I T S

, OR I N T H E N E U V A L U E O F T H OS E B I T S

, F I N I S H - D O T, R E S TO R E T H E B Y T E I N M EM OR Y

, RE TURN FROM V IDE O 10

, XOR-DOT, E X C L U S I V E OR THE DOTS. F I N I S H UP TH E U R I T I N G

c 7 3

c 7 4

c 7 5

B Y 40(MOVP U S HANDCMPJ CANDH U L

POPT E S TJ ZADD

CMPJ CTE S TJ ZADDMOVPOPMOV

L OU B I T O F ROU D E T E R M I N E S E V E N l O D D , EO E Y T E S / R O UA L , 40DX , S A V E ROY V A L UEDL , OFE H , S T R I P O F F O D D lE V EN 8 1 1CRT-MOOE.09H , M O D E U S I N G 3 2 K R E G E N 7c73 , NO, JUMPDL , OFCH , S T R I P O FF LO U 2 B I T SD L , A X H A S A DD R E SS O F I S 1 B Y T E O F

, I N D I C A T E D RO U

DX , R EC OV ER I TOL, 1 , T E S T F O R E V E N l O D Dc 7 4 , JU MP I F E V E N RDUA X , 2 0 0 0 H , O F F S E T T O L O C A T I O N O F ODD ROUS

, EVEN-ROUCRT MODE,OSH , M O D E U S I N G 3 2 K R E G E N 7c 7 5 - , NO, JUMPD L , 2 , TE S T FOR ROU 2 OR ROU 3

c 7 5 , J UM P I F R OU 0 OR I

A X , 4 0 0 0 H , O F F S E T T O L O C A T I O N O F RO U 2 OR 3

SI .*x , HOV E P OINTE R TO SIAX , RECOVER AL VALUEox, c x , COLUMN VALUE TO DX

8/12/2019 jrtech


F 2 0 AF 2 0 DF 2 10

F 2 15

F 2 1 7F 2 CF 2 E

F 2 2 1F 2 2 4F 2 2 9F 2 2 BF 2 3 0F 2 3 2F 2 3 5

F 2 3 8

F 2 3 AF 2 3 CF 2 3 EF243F245F 2 4 7

F 2 4 9

F 2 4 B

F 2 4 D

F 2 4 FF 2 5 1

F 2 5 3F 2 S 5

F257F 2 S 8F 2 S 9

BE 0 2 C OE9 0 3 0 280 3 E 0 0 4 9 R 04

7 4 2 1B O 3 E 0049 R 0 574 1 ABE 0 4 F O

E9 010180 3 E 0049 R OA7 4 0780 3 E 0049 R 067 5 06BE 018089 0703

2 2 E A

D 3 E A03 F 280 3 E 0049 R OA75 0203 F2E A F7

2 A c9

D O C 8

0 2 CDF E C F75 F 8

8 A E 3D 2 E C

5 Bc3

F 2 S 9F 2 5 9 EA D 8F 2 S B 8B C l

F 2 5 0 E 8 F 7 2 C RF 2 6 0 BE F8

F 2 6 2F 2 6 4F 2 6 B

F 2 6 A

F 2 6 CF 2 7 1

F 2 7 3F 2 7 5F 2 7 7F 2 7 CF 2 7 FF 2 8 3F 2 B 6F 2 B A

F 2 8 C

F28E

28 D l81 C 2 0101DO E 6

D O E 6

BO 3 E 0 0 4 9 R 0674 I D

D O E 2D I E 780 3 E 0049 R 0 47 4 12BO 3 E 0049 R 05

74 OB80 3 E 0 0 4 9 R OA74 04

D O E 2

D l E 7

------ D E T E R M I N E G R A P H I C S MO DE C U R RE N TL Y I N E F F E C T, SE T UP THE REG I STE RS ACCORDI NG TO THE MODE, C H = MASK FOR LOW OF COLUMN ADDRESS ( 7 1 3 1 1 F O R H IG H 1M E O IL O W R E S )

,EL = M AS K TO S EL E C T B I T S F RO M P O I N T E D B Y T E ( 8 O H I C O H 1 F O H FO R H I M I L ),BH = N UM BER O F V A L I D B I T S I N P O IN T E D B Y T E ( 1 1 2 1 4 F O R H I M I L )

,CL = x OF A D D R E S S BITS IN COLUMN VALUE ( 31211 FOR HIMIL)

MOV BX. 2COHM O V C X , 3 0 2 H , SET PARMS FOR WED RESCMP CRT-MODE, 4J E C 7 7 , H A N D L E I F ME0 RESCMP CRT-MODE, 5J E C 7 7 , H A N D L E I F ME0 RESMOV BX. 4FOH

MOV CX, lOlH , SET PARMS FOR LOW RESCMP CRT-MODE, OAHJ E C 7 6 . HANDLE MODE A AS HIGH RESCMP CRT-MODE, 6J N E C 7 7 , H A ND LE I F L OU R E S

MOV CX . 70 3H SET PARMS FOR HIGH R E SC76 MOV BX, l 8OH

------ D E T E R M I N E B I T O F F S E T I N B Y T E F RO M CO LU MN M A SK

------ D E T E R M I N E B Y T E O F F SE T F O k T H I S L O C A T IO N I N C OLU MNSHR DX, CL , S H I F T BY CORRECT AMOUNTA D D S I , D X , I N C R E M E N T T H E P O I N T E RCMP CRT MOOE,OAH , 6 4 0 x 2 0 0 4 COLOR7J N E C 7 8 - , NO, JUMPADD S1,DX , I N C R E M E N T TH E P O I N T E R

;77 AND CH, OL ADDRESS OF PE L W I T H I N BYT E TO CH

C7 B MOV DH BH GET THE x OF BITS IN RESULT TO DH

------ M U L T I P L Y B h ( V A L I D B I T S i N BY T E) B Y CH ( B I T O F F SE T)S U B C L , C L , Z ER O I N T O S TO R AG E L O C A T I O N

C 7 9 R O R A L , 1 , L E F T J U S T I F Y T H E V AL UE I N A L, ( F O R W R I T E )ADD CL , CH , AD D I N T HE B I T O F F S E T V A L U EOEC BH , LOOP CONTROLJ N Z C 7 9 . O N E X I T , C L H A S S H I F T CO UN T TO. R ES TO RE B I T SMOV AH,BL , GET MASK TO AHSHR AH,CL , MOVE THE MASK TO CORRECT

POP EX , RECOVER REGR E T , R E TU R N W I T H E V E R Y T H I N G S E T U P

, L O C A T I O N

C 7 2 E N D P

, S C R O L L U P, T H I S R O U T I N E S C R O L L S U P T H E I N F O R M A T I O N ON T HE C R T, E N T R Y --, CH,CL = U P P E R L E F T C O R N E R O F R E G I O N T O S C R O L L, D H , D L = LOWER RI GH T CORNER OF REG I ON TO SCROLL, B O T H OF T H E A B OV E A RE I N C H AR A CT ER P O S I T I O N S

, BH = FILL V A L U E F O R B L A N K E D L I N E S

, D S = DATA SEGMENT, E S = RLGEN SEGMENT

, N O T H I N G , T H E S C R E EN I S S C R O LL E D

......................................................

, AL = x LNES TO SCROLL ( A L = O MEANS BLANK THE ENTIRE FIELD)

, E X I T --........................................................I;RAPHICS-UPROC NEAR

MOV EL , A L , S AV E L I N E C OUNT I N B LM OV A X , C X G E T U P P ER L E F T P O S I T I O N I N T O A X R EG

------ USE CHARACTER SU~ROUTI NE FOR POS T ON NG

------ A D D R ES S RE T U R N ED I S M U L T I P L I E D B Y 2 F R O M C O RR EC T V A L U ECALL GRAPH-POSNMOV D1 , AX

D E T E R M I N E S I Z E O F W IN DO WS U B D X . C X

. ------

ADO OX; IOlHS A L D H . 1

S A L D H . 1.------ D E T E R M I N E C R T M O D E

CMP CRT-MODE, 6J E C E O

.------ M E D I U M R E S U PS A L D L , IS A L 0 1 . 1CMP CRT-MODE, 4J E C EOCMP CRT-MODE, 5

J E C E OCMP CRT-MOOE, OAHJE CEOL O U R E S U PS A L D L , I

S K D I . 1

. ------

S A V E R E S U L T A S D E S T I N A T I O NADDRESS

A D J U S T V A L U E S

O O T S I C H A RMULTIPLY x ROWS BY 4 SINCE E VERT

AND EVENlODD ROWS

T E S T F O R HIGH R E SFIND-SOURCE

x COLUMNS * 2, SNCE 2 BYTESICMARO F F SE T + 2 S I N C E 2 B V T E S I C H A RT E S T F O R M E D I U M R E S

T E S T F O R M E D I U M R E S

T E S T F O R M E D I U M R E S

x COLUMNS + 2 AGAIN, SINCE 4B V T E S I C H A RO F F S E T * 2 A G A IN , S I N C E 4

B Y T E S I C H A R

8/12/2019 jrtech


F290F290 0 6

F291 1FF 2 9 2 2 A EDF294 DO E 3F296 DO E 3F 2 9 E 7 4 67F 2 9 A E A C 3F 2 9 C 84 50

F 2 9 E F 6 E 4F 2 A 0 E8 F 7F 2 A 2 03 F O

F 2 A 4 E A E 6F 2 A 6 2 A E 3

F 2 A EF 2 A EF 2 A BF 2 A CF 2 A FF2E4F2E5F287F 2 B BF 2 B FF 2 C 2F 2 C 6F 2 C AF 2 C C

F 2 D OF 2 D 4F 2 D 6

F 2 D EF 2 D EF 2 D AF 2 D DF 2 D EF 2 E 1F 2 E 6F 2 E 7F 2 E 9

F E DF 2 F OF P F l

F2F6F 2 F A

F 2 F CF 2 F EF301

F 3 O1

F303F305

E E F J C 7 RI EE E 1388 RBO 3 E 0049 R 09I F72 15

E 1 C 6 2 0 0 0E 1 c7 2 0 0 0E 8 F 3 C 7 RE 1 E E 3 F E OE 1 E F 3 F B OF E C C8 1 E E I F E O

E 1 E F l F B OF E C C75 D O

E A C 7E E F 3 E O RI EE E 1388 REO 3 E 0049 R 09I F

72 ODE 1 c7 2 0 0 0

E 8 F K O RE 1 EF 3 F E OFE CBE 1 EF I F B OF E C B

75 DCE 9 O F 7 0 R

E A D E

E B 03

F305F305 F DF306 E A DBF 3 0 E EB C 2

F 3 0 A E 8 F 7 2 C RF 3 0 D EB F E

F 3 0 F 2 8 D lF311 E 1 C 2 0101

F315 D O E 6

F 3 1 7 DO E 6

F319 BO 3 E 0049 R 06F 3 l E 74 2 2

D E T E R M I N E T H E S O UR CE A D DR ES S I N T HE B U F F E R

P U S H E S , GE T S EGME NTS B OTH P O IN TI NG TO, REGEN

POP D S

SUE CH,CH , ZERO TO HIGH OF COUNT REGS A L E L , 1 , M U L T I P L Y N U M E E R O F L I N E S B Y 4S A L B L , I

J Z C E6 , I F ZE RO , T H EN B LA N K E N T IR E F I E L DMOV AL,EL , G ET N U MB ER O F L I N E S I N A LMOV AH,EO , B O B Y TE S IROWMUL AH , DE T E RM INE OFFS E T TO S OURCEMOV S I , D I , SET UP SOURCEA DD S 1 ,A X , ADD I N O FF SE T TO I TMOV AH,DH , N UM BE R OF R OU S I N F I E L DS UB A H,E L , DE T E RM INE NUME E R TO MOV ELOOP THROUGH. MOV ING ONE ROW AT A T IM E BOTH EVEN AND O D D

------CEO , F I ND-SOURCE

------

C E I .

C 8 2

----C B 3

C E 4

C E 5

C E 6 :

--

C A L LP U S HC A L LCMPPOPJ CADDADDC A L LSUES U BDECS U B

S U BDECJ N Z

c95D SDDSCRT-MODE, 9

D SC E 2SI, 0 0 0 HD I , 2 0 0 0 Hc95SI, 0 0 0 H - E 0D I , 4 0 0 0 H - E 0AHSI, 0 0 0 H - E 0

D I , 2 0 0 0 H - E 0A HCE 1

F I E L D SROW-LOOPMOVE ONE ROWS A V E DA TA S E GP O I N T T O BIOS DATA AREAMODE USES 32K REGEN?RE S TORE DA TA S E GNO, JUMPA D J U S T P O I N T E R S

MOVE 2 MORE ROWSB A C K U P P O I N T E R S

ADJUST COUNTMOVE TO NEXT ROW

NUMBER OF ROWS TO MOVEC O N T I N UE T I L L A L L M OV ED

F I L L I N THE V ACATED L I N E i S )

MOVC A L LP U S HC A L LCMPPOPJ CADDC A L LSUEDECS U EDEC

J N ZJMP

MOV

JMP

A L . EH

C 9 6D SDDSCRT-MODE, 9

D SC E 5D I , 2 0 0 0 HC 9 6D 1 , 4 0 0 0 H - E 0EL

D I , 2 0 0 0 H - E 0B L

C E 4VIDEO-RETURN

E L , OH

ce3GRAPHICS-UP ENDP

CLEARJNTRVA T T R IE U T E TO F I L L W I THCLEAR THAT ROWS A V E DA TA S E GP O I N T T O BIOS DA TA A RE AMODE US E S 3 2 K RE GE N?RESTORE DATA SEGNO, JUMP

CLEAR 2 MORE ROWSB A C K U P P O I N T E R SADJUST COUNTP O I N T TO N EX T L I N EN UM EER OF L I N E S T O F I L L

CLEAR-LOOPE V E R Y T H I N G D O N EB L A N K - F I E L DS E T B L A NK C OU NT T O E V E R Y T H IN G I NF I E L DC L E A R T H E F I E L D

......................................................, S CROL L DOUN, T H I S R O U T I N E S C R O L L S DOW N T H E I N F O R M A T I O N ON T H E C RT, E N T R V --, CH,CL = UP P E R L E FT CORNE R OF RE GION TO S CROL L, D H , D L = L OWER RIGH T CORNER OF RE GIO N TO S CRO L L, B O T H O F T H E AB O V E A RE I N C H A RA C T ER P O S I T I O N S, EH = F I L L VA L UE F OR BL A NK ED L I N E S, A L X L I N E S TO S C RO L L ( A L S O M EA NS B LA N K T HE E N T I R E F I E L D ), OS = DATA SEGMENT, E S = REGEN SEGMENT, E X I T --, NOTHING, THE S CRE E N IS SCROLLED

GR AP HIC S DOWN PROC NEAR

........................................................-STD ; S E T D I R E C T I O NM O V E L , A L , S AV E L I N E C OUNT I N B LMOV AX,DX , G ET L OW ER R I G H T P O S I T I O N I N T O AX R E GU S E C H A R A C T E R S U B R O U T I N E F O R P O S I T I O N I N GADDRESS RETURNED IS M U L T I P L I E D B Y 2 FROM CORRECT VALU EC A L L G R A PH P O S NMOV DI ,A X -

DETERMINE SIZE OF UINDOU’

S U B D X . C XADD OX, IOlHS A L D H . 1

S A L DH. I

DE T E RM INE CRT MODE

CMP CRT_MODE,6 ,J Z C E 7

S A V E R E S U L T A S D E S T I N A T I O NADDRESS

AD J U S T V A L U E SM U L T I P L Y 8 ROWS B Y 4 S I N C E E VERTD O T S / C H A R

AND EVE NlO DD ROWS

TEST FOR HIGH RESF I ND-SOURCE-DOWN

8/12/2019 jrtech


------ M E D I U M R E S D O U NS A L D L , I

S A L D I , 1

I N C D ICUP CRT-MODE.4 ,J Z C E 7CUP CRT-MODE.5 ,J Z C E 7CUP CRT-MODE,OAH ,J Z C E7DEC D IS A L D L . 1

8 COLUMNS N 2, S I N C E 2 E Y T E S I C H A R( O F F S E T O K )O F F S E T *2 S I N C E 2 E Y T E S I C H A RP O I N T T O L A S T B Y T ET E S T F O R M E D I U M R E SF I NDSOURCE-DOUNT E S T F O R M E D I U M R E SF INDJOURCE-DOWNT E S T F O R M E D I U M R E SF I ND-SOURCE-DOUN

8 COLUMNS N 2 A G A I N . S I N C E 4B Y T E S I C H A R ( O F F S E T O K )O F F SE T N 2 A G A I N , S I N C E 4E Y T E S I C H A R

F 3 2 0 DO E 2

F 3 2 2 D 1 E 7F324 47F 3 2 5 EO 3E 0049 R 0 4F 3 2 A 7 4 16F 3 2 C EO 3 E 0049 R 05F 3 3 l 74 OFF a 3 3 EO 3s 0049 R OAF 3 3 E 74 OBF 3 3 A 4 FF J J B D O E2

F 3 3 D D I E 7

F 3 3 F E3 C 7 0 3

F 3 4 2F 3 4 2 2 A E D

F 3 4 4 88 OOFO

S A L D I . 1

ADD D I , 3 ; P O I N T TO L A S T B Y T E. ------ D E T E R M I N E TH E S O UR C E A DD R E S S I N TH E B U F F E Rce7:

S U Enov

CUPJ Cnov

F I NDJOURCE-DOUNZERO TO HIGH OF COUNT REGO F F S E T T O L A S T R O U O F P I X E L S I F1 6 K R E G E NU S I N G 3 2 K R E G E N ?NO, JUMPO F F S E T TO L A S T R OU O F P I X E L S I F3 2 K R E G E NP O I N T T O L A S T RO U O F P I X E L SM U L T I P L Y N U ME ER O F L I N E S BY 4

cn. cnAX, 240

CRT-MODE.9 ;

C E 8AX, 160

D I , A XEL, I

E L , 1

c94A L , E L

AH, EOA HS I , D ISI, XAH, DHA H, E LE S

F 3 4 7F 3 4 CF 3 4 E

F35 IF353F 3 5 5F357F 3 5 9

F 3 5 EF 3 5 DF 3 5 F

F36 I

F363F365F367F 3 6 E

EO 3 E 0049 R 097 2 0 3E8 OOAO

0 3 F ED O E 3D O E 37 4 6 AE A C 3

E 4 50F 6 E 4B E F 728 F OE A E 6

C E E : ADDS A LS A LJ ZMOV

MOVMULnovSUEnovS U EP u s n

I F Z ER O, T H EN B L A N K E N T I R E F I E L DG ET N UM EE R O F L I N E S I N A L

EO E Y T E S l R O UD E T E R M I N E O F F S E T T O S O U RC ESET UP SOURCE

N UM EE R OF R OU S I N F I E L DDE TER MI N E NUMEER TO MOVE

SUBTRACT THE OFFSET

coin SEGMENTS TO RECEN2 A E 306I F POP DS

. ------ LOOP THROUGH, MOVI NG ONE ROU AT A T I M E, BOTH EVEN AND OD0F I E L D S

C E 9 ; ; R O U L O O P - D O U NC A L L C 9 5 ; MOVE ONE ROUP u s n D S ; S A V E D A T A S E GC A L L D D S ; P O I N T T O BIOS DATA AREACUP CRT MOD E. 9 : MODE USES 32K REGEN?

F 3 6 9F369 E E F 3 C 7 RF 3 6 C 1 EF 3 6 D E 8 1388 RF370 EO 3 E 0 0 4 9 RF375 I FF376 7 2 15

F 3 7 E E1 C 6 2 0 0 0F 3 7 C 81 C 7 2 0 0 0

F380 E 8 F 3 C 7 RF 3 E 3 E1 E E 4 0 5 0F 3 E 7 E 1 E F 4050F 3 E E F E CCF 3 E D E1 E E 2050F3 9 1 E1 E F 2 0 5 0F395 F E C CF397 75 DO

F399F 3 9 9 E A C 7F39EF 3 9 E E 8 F 3E O RF 3 9 E I EF39F E 8 1388 RF 3 A 2 EO 3 E 0049 RF 3 A 7 I FF 3 AE 7 2 ODF 3 A A

ElC 7 2 0 0 0

F 3 A E €8 F 3 E O RF 3 E l BI E F 4 0 5 0F 3 E 5 F E C EF 3 E 7 BI E F 2050F 3 E E F E C EF 3 E D 75 DCF3EF F CF 3 C O E 9 O F 7 0 RF 3 C 3F 3 C 3 8 A DE

F 3 C 5 E E D 2F 3 C 7

F 3 C 7F 3 C 7 EA CAF 3 C 9 56F 3 C A S 7

F 3 C E F 3 I A 4F 3 C D 5F

F 3 C E 5 EF 3 C F E1 C 6 2000F 3 D 3 E1 C 7 2 0 0 0F 3 D 7 5 6F 3 D E 57F 3 D 9 EA CAF 3D E F 3 I A 4F 3 D D 5FF 3 D E 5 EF 3 D F C 3F 3 E O

09

POPJ CADDADD

C A L LS U ES U EDECS U ESUEDECJ N ZF I L L

; RESTORE DATA SEG- .

D Sc90 ; NO, JUMP5 1 , 00014 ; A D J U S T P O I N T E R S

c 9 5 ; MOVE 2 MORE ROUS

D I , zooon

SI,~OOOH+EO ; BACK UP POINTERSD I , ~ O O O H + E O ;

D I , zooon+8o

A H ; ADJUST COUNTS 1 , 2 O O O H + B O ; MOVE TO NEXT ROW

AH ; NUMEER OF ROUS TOC E 9 ; C O NT IN U E T I L L A L L

I N TH E V AC AT ED L I N E ( S 1

c90:

. -----MOVEMOVED

U I T HCLEAR-ENTRY-DOUNA T T RI BU T E TO F I L LC L E A R L O O P - D O U NCLEAR A ROU

c9 I

c 9 2

MOV

C A L L

C A L LCUPPOPJ CADDC A L LS U EDEC

c93 S U EDECJ N ZC L DJMP

MOV

J M P

P u s n

c94

A L , EH

C 9 6D SDDSCRT-MODE,S ,DSc93D I , 2000H

C 9 6

E L

E Lc 9 2

VIDEO-RETURN ,

D I , ~ O O O H + E O ,

D I , 2 o o o w e o ,

S A V E D A T A S E GP O I N T T O BIOS D A T A A R E AMODE USES 32K REGEN?RESTORE DATA SEGNO, JUMP

09

CLE AR 2 MORE ROUSB A C K U P P O I N T E R SADJUST COUNTP O I N T TO NE XT L I N EN UM EE R O F L I N E S T O F ILL

CLEAR-LOOP-DOUNR E S ET T H E D I R E C T I O N F L A GE V E R Y T H I N G D O N EBLANK-FIELD-DOUNS E T B LA N K C OU NT T O E V E R Y T H I N G I NF I E L DC L E A R T H E F I E L D

E L , DH

c91GRAPHICS-DOUN ENDP. ------ R O U T I N E T O M O V E O NE R O Y O F I N F O R M A T I O NC95 PROC

MOVP u s nP u s n

R E PPOPPOPADDADDP u s nP u s nMOVREPPOPPOPR E T

C 9 5 E N D P

NEARC L , D L51

N UM EE R O F B Y T E S I N T H E R OY

D I

MOVSED I51SI, 0 0 0 ~D I , 200014SID IC L , D LMOVSED tSI

S A V E P O I N T E R S

MOVE THE EVEN F I E L B

P O I N T T O T H E ODD F I E L D

S A V E T H E P O I N T E R SCOUNT BACKM O VE T H E OD D F I E L D

P O I N T E R S B A C KR E T U R N T O C A L L E R

8/12/2019 jrtech


F 3 E O

F 3 E O E A C A

F 3 E 2 57F 3 E 3 F3/ AAF 3 E 5 5FF 3 E 6 6 1 C 7 2000F 3 E A 57F 3 E B E A C AF 3 E D F3/ AA

F 3 E F 5FF 3 F O C 3F3F I

F3F I

F 3 F l 32 E 4F 3 F 3 50

F3F4 € 6 F 7 2 9 RF 3 F 7 BE F B

F3F9 56

F 3 F A B E 0110 RF 3 F D 3 C BOF3FF 7 2 05F 4 0 1 B E 0 0 7 C RF 4 0 4 2 C BOF406F 4 0 6 I EF 4 0 7 33 D 2F 4 0 9 BE D A

F 4 0 B C 5 34F 4 0 D B C D A

F 4 0 F I F

F 4 1 0 52

F 4 1 1 D 1 EOF 4 1 3 D I EO

F 4 1 5 D I EOF 4 1 7 03 F OF 4 1 9 BO 3 E 0 0 4 9 R 0 4F 4 1 E 7 4 4 5

F 4 2 0 80 3 E 0 0 4 9 R 05F 4 2 5 74 3 EF 4 2 7 BO 3 E 0 0 4 9 R OAF 4 2C 7 5 03F 4 2 E E 9 F 4 D 4 RF 4 3 1 BO 3 E 0 0 4 9 R 06F 4 3 6 75 53

F 4 3 B I FF 4 3 9 5 7F 4 3 A 56F 4 3 B 86 0 4F 4 3 0 A C

F 4 3 E F6 C 3 BO

F 4 4 1 7 5 16F 4 4 3 A AF 4 4 4 A CF 4 4 5 26 86 85 IFFFF 4 4 A 83 C 7 4 FF 4 4 D F E C EF 4 4 F 7 5 ECF 4 5 1 5 EF 4 5 2 5FF 4 5 3 4 7F 4 5 4 E 2 E 3

- C L E A R

PROC

MOV

P U S HR E PPOP

ADDP U S HMOV

R E PPOPR E TE N D P

A S I N G L E ROW

NEAR

0 1

S T O S BD I

0 I , 2 0 0 0 HD IC L , D L

S T O S BD I

C L , O L N UM BER O F B Y T E S I N F I E L DS A V E P O I N T E RSTORE THE NEW VALUEP O I N T E R B A C K

P O I N T T O O D D F I E L D

F I L L T H E ODD F I L E L D

R E T U R N T O C A L L E R

G R A P H I C S W R I T ET H I S R O U T I N E W R I T E S T H E A S C I I C H AR AC T ER T O T HE C U RR E NTP O S I T I O N O N T H E S C RE E N

A L = CHARACTER TO WR I TE

E L C O L OR A T T R I B U T E T O B E U S E D F O R F OR EG RO U ND C O LO R

E N T R Y --

I F B I T 7 IS SET, THE CHAR IS X O R ’D I N T O T H E R E C E N B U F F E R( 0 IS USED FOR THE BACKGROUND COLOR)

CX NUMBER OF CHARS TO WR ITED S = DATA SEGMENT

E S = REGEN SEGMENT

N O T H I N G IS RETURNED

E X I T --

G R A P H I C S R E A DT H I S R O U T I N E R E AD S T H E A S C I I C H AR A CT E R A T T H E C U RR EN T C UR SO RP O S I T I O N O N TH E S C R E EN BY M A T C H I N G T H E D O T S O N T H E S C R E E N T OTHE CHARACTER GENERATOR CODE POI NTS

E N T R Y --E X I T --

ONE ( 0 IS ASSUMED AS THE BACKGROUND COLOR)

A L = C H A R AC T E R R EA D A T T H A T P O S I T I O N ( 0 R E TU R NE D I F N O N E F OU N D )

F O R B O T H R O U T I N E S , T H E I M A G E S U S E D T O F O R M C H A R S A R E C O N T A IN E D I NRO M I N T E R R U P T 4 4 H IS U S E 0 T O P O I N T T O T H E T A B L E F OR T H E F I R S T1 2 8 C H AR S I N T E R R U P T 1 7 H IS U S E D TO P O I N T T O T H E T A B L E F O R T H ESECOND 128 CHARS

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A S S UM E C S C O D E, D S D A T A , E S D A T A

XOR AH, AH , Z E R O TO H I G H O F COO € P O I N TP U S H A X , S A V E C OD E P O I N T V A L U E

C A L L R 5 9 , F I N D L O C A T I O N I N RE GE N BU F FE RMOV D 1 , A X R EG EN P O I N T E R I N 0 1

POP AX RECOVER CODE PO I N T

C M P A L , B O H , 16 I T I N F I R S T H AL F ’J B R 1 JUMP I F I T IS

S U B A L , B O H , Z E RO O R I G I N F O R SE CO ND H A L F

P U S H D S , S A V E D A T A P O I N T E R

XOR OX,OXMOV DS,DX , E S T A B L I S H V E CT OR A D D R E SS I N G

ASSUME DS A B S 0L D S S 1,D WO RD P T R [ S I ] G E T T H E O F F S E T O F T H E T A B L E

ASSUME DS D A T A

POP D S , RECOVER DATA SEGMENTP U S H D X , S A V E T A B L E S E G M E N T O N S T A C K

S A L A X . I . M U L T I P L Y C O D E P O I N T

GRAPHI CS-W RI TE PROC NEAR

_-_--- E T E R M IN E P O S I T I O N I N R EC E N B U FF E R T O P U T C OD E P O I N T S

___ - - -ETERMINE REGION T O GET ;ODE POINTS FROM

M O V SI,OFFSET C S E T - P ~ R A S S UME FIRST HALF

MOV SI,OFFSET EXT-PTR , SET POINTER FOR SECOND HALF

R 1 , EXTEND-CHAR

MOV DX, DS , ;ET THE SEGMENT OF THE TABLE

__---- E T E R M I N E G R A P H I C S M O DE I N O P E R A T IO N

R 3

____ -

R 5

R 6

SAL AX : I

S A L A X , IA D D S 1 , A XCMP CRT-MODE, 4J E R 9CMP CRT-MODE, 5

J E R 9CMP CRT-MODE, OAH

J N E R 3J M P R 1 6CMP CRT-MODE, 6

J N E R 1 2- H I G H R E S O L U T I O N M O DE

POP D S

P U S H D I

P U S H SIMOV OH. 4L O D S BT E S T B L , B O H

J N Z R 8S T O S BL O D S B

V A L U E BY 6

SI H A S O F F S E T O F D E S I R E D C O D E S

T E S T F O R M E D I U M R E S O L U T I O N M OD E

T E S T F O R M E D I U M R E S O L U T I O N M OD E

T E S T F O R M E D I U M R E S O L U T I O N M O DE

T E S T F OR H I G H R E S O L U T I O N M O DEG O T 0 L O W R E S O L U T I O N I F NOT

R E C OV E R T A B L E P O I N T E R S E G M E N TS A V E R E C E N P O I N T E RS A V E C O D E P O I N T E RNUMBER OF T I MES THROUGH LOOPG E T B Y T E F R OM CO DE P O I N T S

S H O UL D WE U S E T H E F U N C T I O N

S TO R E I N R EG EN B U F F E RTO PUT CHAR I N ’

R7 MOV ES ~ 0 1 + 2 0 0 0 H - 1 1 , A L , S T OR E I N SE CO ND H A L FADD DI, 9 , MOVE TO NEXT R O U I N R EC EN

D E C D H , D O N E W I T H L O O PJ N Z R 6P O P SIPOP DI , R E C O V E R R E G E N P O I N T E RI N C DI , P O I N T T O N E XT C HA R P O S I T I O NL O O P R 5 , M O R E C H A R S T O U R l T E

8/12/2019 jrtech


F 4 5 6F 4 5 9F 4 5 CF 4 S DF 4 5 EF 4 6 3

F 4 6 SF 4 6 5F 4 6 6

F 4 6 AF 4 6 D

F 4 6 DF 4 6 EF 4 6 FF 4 7 IF 4 7 4F 4 7 8F 4 7 BF 4 7 F

F 4 8 3F 4 B 4F 4 B S

F 4 B 7F 4 8 9

~ 4 6 ~

F ~ B

~ 4 ~ 6

E 9 O F 7 0 R2 6 3 2 05AAAC2 6 3 2 85 I F F FEe EO

I F

E A 0 30 1 E 7E B F 6 S 9 R

57S 68 6 0 4Ee ~ 6 2 6e 1 c7 2000E B F 6 2 6 R8 1 E F I F B DF E C E7 5 E ES EI F4 74 7E 2 E 4E B C B

F 4 B 8F 4 8 8 I FF 4 8 C B A 03

F 4 B E D I E 7F 4 9 0 D I E 7F 4 9 2 E8 F 6 6 E RF 4 9 SF 4 9 S 5 7F 4 9 6 56F 4 9 7 86 0 4F 4 9 9 E8 F 6 4 5 RF 4 9 C B I C 7 2 0 0 0F ~ A D Ee ~ 6 4 sF 4 A 3 IEF 4 A 4 E B 1388 RF 4 A 7 BO 3 E 0 0 4 9 R 09F 4A C I FF 4 A D 75 1 4F 4 A F 8 1 C 7 2 0 0 0F 4 B 3 E8 F 6 4 S R

F 4 B A E 8 F 6 4 5 RF O B 0 El E F 3 F E OF O C I F E C EF 4 C 3 8 1 E F I F 8 0F 4 C 7 F E C EF 4 C 9 7 5 CEF 4 C E S EF 4 C C S F

F 4 DO E 2 C 3F 4 D 2 E B 8 2

F 4 D 4 I FF 4 D S B A 0 3

F 4 D 7 D I E 7

~ 4 ~ 61 c 7 2 0 0 0

F ~ C D e3 c7 0 4

F 4 D 9 33 CDF 4D B F 6 C 3 0 1

F I D E 7 4 0 2F 4 EO B 4 F FF 4 E 2 F 6 C 3 0 2F 4 E S 74 0 2F 4 E 7 BO F FF 4 E 9 BE DBF 4 E BF 4 E B 57F 4 EC 5 6F I E 0 E 6 0 2F 4 E F E 8 F 5 1 8 R

F 4 F 6 E E F 5 1 8 RF 4 F 9 8 1 C 7 2 0 0 0F 4 F D EB F S l B R

F 5 0 4 E 8 F S I B R

F 5 0 B F E C E

F S OD 7 5 E OF 5 0 F SEF S l O 5 FF S I I 4 7F 5 1 2 4 7F 5 1 3 E 2 0 6F 5 1 5 E 9 O F 7 0 R

~ 4 ~ 2i c 7 2 0 0 0

FSOO e l c7 2 0 0 0

F S D ~ e 1 EF S F ~ D

R 7 0 5R B

- - - -R 9

R 10

R I I

----k 1 2

R I 3

R 1 4

R IS

--

JMP VIDEO-RETURNXOR AL,ES C D I I , E X C L U S I V E OR U I T H C UR R EN T D A TAS T O S E , STORE THE CODE PO I N TL O O SE A G A I N F OR ODD F I E L D

J M P R 7XOR A L .E S CDI+ZOOOH-~I

M E D IU M R E S O L U T I O N U R I T E

POPMOVS A LC A L L

P U S HP U S HMOVC A L LADDC A L Lsue

0s

D I , IR 4 0

DISI .OH, 4 .R 3 5 ~

D I , 2 0 h HR 3 5D I , 2 0 0 0 H - e 0

DL, eL

DEC DH-J N Z R 1 1POP SIPOP D II N C D II N C DIL O O P R I OJ M P R 7 0 SL O U R E S O L U T I O N U R I T E

POPMDV

S A LS A LC A L L

P U S HP U S HMOVC A L LADDC A L LP U S HC A L LCMPPOPJ N EADDC A L LADDC A L L

DECSUEDECJ N ZPOPPOPADDLOOPJMP

sue

D SD L , E L

D I , ID I , IR 4 2

DlSIDH, 4R 3 9D I , 2 0 0 0 HR 3 9D SDDSCRT-MODE, D9HD SR ISD I , 2 0 0 0 HR 3 9D I , 2 0 0 0 HR 3 9D I , 4 0 0 0 H - E 0OH

DH

R 1 4SIDI0 1 . 4R 13R 7 0 5

D I , 2 0 0 0 ~ - ~ 0

BACK TO MAI NSTREAM

WED-RES-UR I T ER E C O V E R T A B L E P O I N T E R S E G M E N T

O F F S E T * 2 S I N C E 2 B V T E S IC H A REXPAND E L TO FU LL UDRD OF COLORMED-CHAR

S A V E R E C E N P O I N T E RS A V E T H E C O D E P O I N T E RNUMBER OF LOOPSD O F I R S T 2 E V T ESN E X T S PO T I N R EG E N

S A V E HIGH COLOR B I T

DO NEXT 2 B Y T E S

K E E P G O I N GRECOVER CODE PONTERR E C O V E R R E G E N P O I N T E RP O I N T T O N E X T CH AR P O S I T I O N

M O R E T O U R I T E

LOU-RES-URI TERECOVER TABLE POI NTER SEGMENT

D F F S E T N 4 S I N C E 4 B V T E S I C H A R

EXPAND B L TO FU LL UORD OF COLORMED-CHARS A V E R E C E N P O I N T E RS A V E T H E C O D E P O I N T E RNUMBER OF LOOPSE X P AN D D O T R D U I N RE G E NP O I N T T O N E X T R E G EN R D UE X P AN D D O T R O U I N R E G ENS A V E DS

U S I N G 3 2 K R E C E N A R EA ?RECOVER OSJ UM P I F 1 6 K R EG ENP O I N T T O N E X T R E C E N R O UE X P AN D D O T R O U I N R E C ENP O I N T TO N E X T R E C E N R O UE XP A ND D O T R OU I N R E C E NA D J U S T R E G E N P O I N T E R

A DJ US T R E C E N P O I N T E R TO NEXT ROY

S A V E HGH COLOR B I T

POINT TO e I o s D A T A A RE A

K E E P G O I N GRECOVER CODE PONTERRECOVER RECEN POI NTERP O I N T TO N E X T C HA R P O S I T I O NM O R E T O U R I T E

----- 6 4 0 x 2 0 0 4 C OL OR G R A P H IC S U R I T Ek 1 6 PO P OS , RECOVER TABLE SEGMENT POI NTER

M O V D L . B L , S A V E HIGH COLOR B I TS A L D I , I , O F F S E T I t 2 S I N C E 2 E V T E S I C H A R

, E X P A N D LOU 2 COLOR BITS IN eL ( C I C O )

INTO ex ( c o c o c o c o c o c o c o c o c i c i c i c i c i c i c i c i )XDRT E S T

J ZMDV

J ZMOV

R I B MDVR 19

R 1 7 T E S T

P U S HP U S HMOV

R 2 0 C A L LADDC A L LADDC A L LADDC A L LS U EDEC

J N ZPOPPOPI NCI NCLOOPJMP

AX, AX

R 17AH, OFFHE L , 2R 18

A L , O F F HEX, AX

D ISIOH, 2R 2 1

D I , 2 0 0 D HR 2 I

D I , 2OOOHR 2 ID I , 2DOOHR 2 I

D I , 6 0 0 0 H - 1 6 0DH

R 2 051

D I

D IDIR 19VIDEO-RETURN

E L , I c o COLOR B I T ON-

C I COLOR B I T ON?

YES, SET ALL C I e l i s ON

NO, JUMPY E S, S E T A L L C O B I T S ON

NO, JUMP

C O LO R M A SK I N E X

S A V E R E G E N P O I N T E RS A V E C OD E P O I N T P O I N T E RSET LOOP COUNTERD O F I R S T D OT R OUA D J U S T R E C E N P O I N T E RD O NEXT DOT ROUA D J U S T R E C E N P O I N T E RD O NEXT DOT RDUA D J U S T R E C E N P O I N T E RD O NEXT DOT ROUA D J U S T R E G E N P O I N T E R T O N E X T R OU

K E E P G O I N GR E CO V ER C O D E P O I N T P O I N T E RRECOVER REGEN POI NTERP O I N T T O N E X T C H AR A C T ER

M O R E T O U R l T E

8/12/2019 jrtech


F 5 1 E

F 5 1 E A C

F519 EA EOF 5 1 E 2 3 C3'F 5 l D F 6 C 2 EOF 5 2 0 74 0 7F522 2 6 . 32 2 5F 5 2 5 2 6 : 3 2 4 5 0 1

F 5 2 9 2 6 : 88 2 5F 5 2 C 2 6 : BE 45 01F 5 3 0 C 3F53 1

F531

F53IF 5 3 l E E F 7 2 9 RF534 BE F OF 5 3 6 E 3 EC 08

F539 EE EC

F 5 3 EF 5 3 CF 5 3 EF543F545F 5 4 AF 5 4 CF 5 5 1F 5 5 3F 5 5 E

F 1 5 A

F 5 S CF 5 5 DF 5 5 FF S 6 2F 5 6 3F 5 6 7F 5 6 AF 1 6 EF 5 6 EF 5 7 0F 5 7 2

F174F S 7 5F577F 5 7 9

F 5 7 CF 5 E 0

F 5 E 3F584F 5 E 7F S E CF S E DF 5 E FF593

F596F 5 9 A

F 5 9 DF 5 A 1

F 5 A 3

F 5 A 7F 5 A 9F 1 A E

F 5 A DF S A DF S A EF 5 E 0

F 5 E 3F 5 E 7F 5 E AF 5 E EF S B EF 5 C 3F 5 C 4F 5 C 6F S C A

F 5 C DF 5 D 1

F 5 D 4F 5 D EF 5 D AF 1 D AF 5 D EF 5 E O

06E 6 0 480 3E 0 0 4 9 R 0 67 4 17EO 3 E 0 0 4 9 R 0 474 6 1EO 3 E 0 0 4 9 R 057 4 S AEO 3 E 0 0 4 9 R OA74 53

E E 18

1 FE A 0488 4 6 0045E& E 4 2000

88 4 6 004 5E 3 C 6 50F E C E75 E EE E 6 E

I F

D I E 6D l E 6E 8 F 6 F C R

E 1 C 6 2 0 0 0E 8 F 6 F C R

1 EE 8 l 3 E E RE O 3 E 0049 R 09I F75 I 4E 1 C 6 2 0 0 0E 8 F 6 F C R

E 1 C 6 2 0 0 0E E F 6 F C R

E 1 E E 3 F E OF E C EE 1 E E l F E O

F E C E75 CEE E 35

I FD 1 E 6E E F 6 C 3 R

E 1 C 6 2 0 0 0E E F 6 C 3 RI EE E 1 3 E E REO 3 E 0 0 4 9 R OAI F7 5 1 48 1 C 6 2 0 0 0E E F 6 C 3 R

E 1 C 6 2 0 0 0E E F 6 C 3 R

E 1 E E 3 F EOF E C E

E 1 E E l F E OF E C E75 CE

R 2 1 P RO C N EA R

L O D S E , G E T C O D E P O I N T

MOV AH, AL , C O PY I N T O A HAND AX,EX , SET COLORT E S T D L , E O H , X OR FUNCTION?J Z R 2 2 , NO, JUMPXOR A H , E S C D I I , E X C L U S I V E OR W I T H C U R R EN T D A T AXOR A L , ES C D I + I l

MOV E S C D I + l l , A LR E T

R 2 1 E N D PGRA P HICS -WRITE E NDP

, G R A P H I C S R E A D

R 2 2 M O V ES C D I 1 , A H , S TO R E I N R E GE N B U F FE R

.......................................

-___________________------_-------------RAPH HI cs-READ PROC NEAR

C A L L R 5 9 , C O N VE R TE D T O O F F S E T I N R E G ENMOV S1,AX , S AV E I N SISUE S P , E , A L L OCA TE S P A CE TO S A V E THE RE A D

, C O D E P O I N TMOV EP,SP , P OINTE R TO S A V E A RE A

P U S H E SMOV D H , 4 , NUMEER OF PASSESCMP CRT MOD E,6J Z R 2 3- , H I G H R E S O L U T I O NCMP CRT-MOD E, 4

J Z R 2E , M E D I U M R E S O L U T I O NCMP CRT MQD E,5J Z R 2 E - , M E D l U M R E S O L U T I O NCMP CRT-MOD E, OAHJ Z R 2 E , M E D I U M R E S O L U T I O N

J M P S HO RT R 2 5 , LOU R E S O L U T I O NH I G H R E S O L U T I O N R E A D

-_----D E T E R M I N E G R A P H I C S M O D E S

--------_---GET VALUE S FROM REGEN BUFF ER AND CONVERT TO CODE PO IN T

R 2 3R 2 4

------k25

R 2 6

R 2 7

------R 2 E

R 2 9

R 3 0

POP DS

MOV AL, [SI1

MOV CE P 1 ,A LI N C E PMOV AL, CS1 +2OO OHlMOV CE P 1 ,A LI N C E PADD S I , E ODEC DHJ N Z R 2 4J M P S HO RT R 3 1L O U R E S O L U T I O N R E A DPOP DS

S A L SI,S A L SI, 1

C A L L R 5 5

A D D S 1 . 2 0 0 0 HC A L L R 5 5

P U S H D SC A L L DDSCMP CRT-MODE, 9POP D SJ N E R 2 7A D D S I , 2 0 0 0 HC A L L R 5 5

A D D S 1 . 2 0 0 0 HC A L L p55

SUE SI, 0 0 0 H - E 0DEC DHSUE SI, 0 0 0 H - E 0

DEC DHJ N Z R 2 6J M P S HO RT R 3 1M E D I U M R E S O L U T I O N R E A D

POP DS

S A L S 1 , I

C A L L R 5 0

ADDC A L LP U S HC A L LCMPPOPJNEADD

C A L L

SI, 0 0 0 HR 5 0D SDDSCRT-MODE, OAHD SR 3 0

SI, 0 0 0 HR 5 0

A D D 5 1 , 2 0 0 0 HC A L L R 5 0

S U B SI, 0 0 0 H - 8 0DEC D H

SUE SI, 0 0 0 H - E 0DE C DHJ N Z R 2 9

, P OINT TO RE GE N S E GME NT, G ET F I R S T B Y T E, S A V E I N S TO RA GE A R EA, N E X T L O C A T I O N, G E T L O U ER R E G I O N B Y T E, ADJUST AND STORE

, P O I N T E R I N T O R EG EN, LOOP CONTROL, DO I T S OM E M OR E, GO MA TCH THE S A V E D CODE P O INT S

, POINT TO REGEN SEGMENT, O F F S E T S 4 S I N C E 4 E Y T E S l C H A R

, GE T 4 B Y TE S FROM RE GEN IN TO

, S I N G L E S A V E, GOTO L OWE R RE GION, GE T 4 B Y T E S FROM RE GE N INT O, S I N G L E S A V E, S A V E D S, P O I N T T O B I O S DATA AREA, D O WE HAV E A 3 2 K REG EN AREA'

, NO, JUMP, GOTO L OWE R RE GION, G E T 4 B Y T E S F RO M RE G EN I N T O, S I N G L E S A V E, GOTO L OUE R RE GION, GE T 4 B Y TE S FROM RE GE N INT O, S I N G L E S A V E, AD J U S T P O I N T E R

A DJUS T P OINTE R B A CK TO UP P E R

DO I T S OME MOREGO MATCH THE SAVED CODE POINTS

MED-RES-READP OINT TO RE GE N S E GME NTO F F S E T U 2 S I N C E 2 E Y T E S I C H A RG ET P A I R B Y T E S F RO M RE G EN I N T OS I N G L E S A V EGO TO LOWER REGIONG ET T H I S P A I R I N T O S AV ES A V E D SP O I N T T O E105 DATA AREA

, D O WE H A V E A 3 2 K R E GE N A R E A7

, NO, JUMP, GOTO L OUE R RE GION, G ET P A I R B Y T E S FR OM R EG E N I N T O

, S I N G L E S A V E, GOTO L OUE R RE GION, G E T P A I R - B Y T E S FR O M RE G EN I N T O, S I N G L E S A V E, AD J U S T P O I N T E R

, A D J U S T P O I N T E R B A C K I N T O U PP E R

, K E EP G O IN G U N T I L A L L 8 DONE

8/12/2019 jrtech


F S E 2F 5 E 2 33 COF 5 E 4 B E DB

F S E 6 C 4 3 E 0110 RF 5 E A 83 ED OB

F S E D B B F SF S E F F CF S F O 3 2 C DF S F 2 16F 5 F 3 1F

F S F 4 B A 0080F 5 F 7 5 6F 5 FB 5 7F 5 F 9 89 0008F 3 F C F 3 / A 6F 5 F E S FF S F F S EF600 7 4 I E

F 6 0 2 F E COF604 8 3 C 7 OBF 6 0 7 4 AF 6 0 B 75 ED

F 6 0 A O A C OF 6 0 C 7 4 1 2F 6 0 E 2 8 COF 6 1 0 B E DB

F 6 1 2 C 4 3 E 0 0 7 C RF 6 1 6 E C .COF 6 1 8 OB C 7F 6 1 A 7 4 0 4F 6 1 C BO B OF 6 1 E E B 0 2

F 6 2 0 8 3 C 4 OB

F 6 2 3 E 9 O F 70 RF 6 2 6

F 6 2 6F 6 2 6 A CF 6 2 7 € 8 F 6 7 E RF 6 2 A 2 3 C 3

F 6 2 C F 6 C 2 B OF 6 2 F 7 4 0 7F 6 3 1 2 6 3 2 2 5F634 2 6 3 2 4 5 01

F 6 3 8 2 6 BB 2 5F 6 3 B 2 6 88 4 5 0 1

F 6 3 F C 3F 6 4 0

F 6 4 0F 6 4 0 E 8 F 6A O RF 6 4 3 E B E 5F 6 4 5

F 6 4 5F 6 4 5 A CF 6 4 6 50

F 6 4 7 5 1F 6 4 8 B l 0 4F 6 4A D 2 € 8F 6 4 C 59F 6 4 D E8 F 6 4 0 RF 6 5 0 58

F 6 5 1 4 7F 6 5 2 4 7F 6 5 3 € 8 F 6 4 0 RF 6 5 6 4 FF 6 5 7 4 FF 6 5 8 C 3F 6 5 9

-- - - - - - - S A VE AR EA H AS CH AR AC TE R I N I T , M A TC H I TR 3 1 , F I N D - C H A R

XOR AX,AXMOV DS, AX , E S T A B L I S H A D D R E S S I N G T O V E C T O RASSUME D S ABSOLES D1 , CSET-PTR , G ET P O I N T E R T O F I R S T H A L FS U B B P . 8 , A D J U S T P O I N T E R T O B E G I N N I N G O F

MOV S1 , BPC L D , E N S U R E D I R E C T I O NXOR AL , AL , CURRENT CODE POI NT BE I NG MATCHED

POP D S , FOR THE STRI NG COMPARE

MOV DX. 1 2 8 , NUMBER TO TEST A G A I N S TR 3 3 P U S H SI , S A V E AR EA P O I N T E RP U S H D I , S A V E C O D E P O I N T E Rnov C X . 8 , NUMBER O F BYTES TO MATCHREPE CMPSB , COMPARE THE B B Y T E SPOP D I , RECOVER THE POI NTERSPOP SIJ Z R 3 4 , I F Z ER O F L A G S ET , T H EN M A TC H

I N C A L , NO MATCH, MOVE ON TO NEXTADD D 1 . B , N E X T C O D E P O I N TDEC DX , LOOP CONTROLJ N Z R 3 3 , D O A L L O F T H E M

OR AL , AL , A L < > 0 I F O N LY I S 1 H A L F S CA NN EDJ E R 3 4 , I F 0, THEN ALL HAS BEEN SCANNEDSUB AX, AXMOV DS,AX , E S T A B L I S H A D D R E S S I N G T O V E C T O R

ASSUME DS ABSO

L E S D 1 , E X T - P T R , G E T P O I N T E RMOV AX,ES , S E E I F TH E P O IN T E R R E A L L Y E X I S T SOR AX,DI , I F A LL 0, T H EN D O E S N 'T E X I S TJ Z R 3 4 , NO SENSE LOOKI NGMOV AL . 1 28 , O R I G I N F O R S E C O N D H A L FJ M P R 3 2 , GO B A C K A N D T R Y F OR I TASSUME D S D A T A

, SAVE AREA

R 3 2 P U S H SS , E S T A B L I S H A D D RE S SI NG T O STACK

, OCCURRED

------ C H AR N O T MA TC H ED , M I G H T B E I N SE CO N D H A L F

------ CHARACTER IS FOUND ( AL:O I F NOT FOUND )

k 3 4 ADD S P . 8 , REA DJU ST THE STACK, THROU AWAY, WORK AREA

JMP VIDEO-RETURN , A L L D O N EGRAPHICS-READ ENDP

k 3 5 P RO C N E AR

-- - -- - -

L O D S B , G E T C O D E P O I N TC A L L R 4 3 , D OU BL E UP A L L T HE B I T S

R 3 6 A ND A X , B X , CONVERT THEM TO FOREGROUND COLOR, ( 0 BACK )

T E S T D L , B O H , IS T H I S XOR F U N C T I O N 7J Z R 3 7 , NO, S TO RE I T I N AS I T ISXOR AH,ES C D I I , DO F U N C T I O N W I T H H A L FXOR AL,ES [ D 1 + 1 1 , A ND W I T H O T HE R H A L F

R 3 7 MOV E S C D I 1 , A H , S TO RE F I R S T B Y T Enov ES CDI+IAL , STORE SECOND e mR E T

R 3 5 E N D P

k 3 B P RO C N E A R

-- --- - - -

C A L L R 4 5 , Q U A D U P T H E L O W N I B B L EJ M P R 3 6

R 3 8 E N D P

, EXPAND I DOT ROW O F A C HA R I N T O 4 B Y T E S I N TH E R E G EN B U F F E R

k39 PROC NEAR

------------------------

L O D S B , G E T C O D E P O I N TPUSH AX , S A V E

PUSH CXnov C L . 4 , MOV HIGH NI BBLE TO LOWS H R A L , C LPOP c xC A L L R 3 8 , EXPAND TO 2 BYTES E P UT I N R EG ENPOP AX , RECOVER CODE POI NTI N C DI , A D J U S T R E G E N P O I N T E RI N C D IC A L L R 3 8 , E X P A N D L O W N I B B L E E P U T I N R EG ENDEC DI , R E S T O R E R E G E N P O I N T E RDEC D I

R E TR 3 9 E N D P

, EXPAND-MED-COLOR, T H I S R O U T I N E E X P A N D S T H E L O U 2 B I T S I N E L TO, F I L L T HE E N T I R E BX R E G IS T E R, E N T R Y --, EL = COLOR T O BE USED ( LOW 2 B I T S )

, E X I T --, EX = COLOR TO BE USED ( B R E P L I C A T I O N S O F T H E 2 C O L O R B I T S )

...............................................

--------___--___________________________-------

8/12/2019 jrtech


F 6 5 9

F659 E O E 3 0 3

F 6 5 C E A C 3F 6 5 E 5 1F 6 5 F E 9 0003F662 DO EOF664 DO EOF 6 6 6 O A DEF 6 6 E E 2 F BF 6 6 A E A F EF 6 6 C 59

F 6 6 0 C 3F 6 6 E

F 6 6 EF 6 6 E 5 1F 6 6 F BO E 3 O FF 6 7 2 E A F EF 6 7 4 E l 0 4F 6 7 6 D 2 E 7F 6 7 B OA F E

F 6 7 A E A D FF 6 7 C 59F 6 7 D C 3

F 6 7 E

F 6 7 EF 6 7 E 5 2F 6 7 F 5 1F 6 B 0 5 3F 6 E 1 2 8 D 2F 6 B 3 E 9 0001

F 6 B 6 E E D EF 6 B E 2 3 D 9F 6 E A OB D 3F 6 E C D 1 EOF 6 B E D I E l

F 6 9 0 B E D EF 6 9 2 23 D 9F 6 9 4 OB D 3F 6 9 6 D I E l

F 6 9 E 7 3 EC

F 6 9 A B E C 2F 6 9 C 5 EF 6 9 D 59

F 6 9 E 5 AF 6 9 F C 3F 6 A O

F 6 A OF 6A O 5 2F 6 A 1 33 D 2F 6 A 3 A B OBF 6 A 5 7 4 03F 6 A 7 E O C E F OF 6 AA A 8 0 4F 6 AC 7 4 03F6 A E E O CE OFF 6 E 1 A B 0 2F6E3 74 03F 6 E 5 E O C A F OF 6 E B A B 0 1

F 6 E A 7 4 03F6 E C B O CA OFF 6 E F E E C 2F 6 C 1 5 AF 6 C 2 C 3

F 6 C 3

R 4 0 P R O C

AND

novPUSHnov

R 4 1 S A LS A LORLOOPnovPOPR E T

R 4 0 E N D P

NEAR

E L , 3

A L , E Lcxcx, 3A L , I

A L , I

E L , A LR 4 1

BH, E Lc x

I S O L A T E T H E C OL OR B I T SCOPY TO ALS A V E R E G I S T E RNUMEER OF TIMES TO DO T H I S

L E F T S H I F T B Y 2A NOTHER COL OR V E R S ION IN TO E LF I L L A L L OF E LF I L L U P PE R P O R TI ONR E G I S T E R E A C KA L L D O N E

; EXPAND-LOU-COLOR; T H I S R O U T I N E E XP AN D S T H E L O U 4 B I T S I N E L TO, F I L L T HE E N T I R E E X R E G IS T ER; E N T R Y --; E L = COLOR TO BE USED ( L O U 4 B I T S )

, E X = COLOR TO E € US E D ( 4 R E P L I C A T I O N S O F T HE 4 CO LO R B I T S )

; E X I T --

R 4 2 P R O CP U S HANDnovMOVS H LOR

aovPOPR E T

R 4 2 E N D P

NEARc xE L . OFHBH, E L

E H, CLEH, E L

E L , BH

cx

CL , 4

I S O L A T E T H E CO LO R B I T SCOPY TO BHM OV E T O H I G H N I B B L E

MA KE B Y T E FROM H IG H AND L OUN I E E L E S

A L L D O N E

_-_------_-________-------------------------, EXPAND-BYTE, T H I S R O U T I N E T A K E S T HE B Y T E I N A L AN D D OU B LE S A L L, O F T H E B I T S , T U R N I N G T H E E B I T S IN T O 1 6 B I T S, THE RE S UL T IS L E F T I N AX_-__----_________-__------------------------

R 4 3 P R O CPUSHPUSHP U S HSUEMOV

R44 MOVANDOR

S H LS H L

novANDORS H L

J N C

MOVPOPPOPPOPR E T

R 4 3 E N D P

NEARDXc xE XDX, DX

EX, AXEX, CXDX, EXAX, I

cx, I

EX, AXEX, CXDX, EXcx , I

CX, I

R 4 4

AX, DXE Xc xDX

S A V E R E G I S T E R S

R E S U L T R E G I S T E RM A S K R E G I S T E RB A S E INTO TE MPUSE MASK TO EXTRACT A B I TP U T I N T O R E S U LT R E G I S T E R

S H IF T E A S E A ND MA S K B Y I

BASE TO TEMPE X T RA C T TH E S AM E B I TP U T I N T O R E S U L TS H IF T ONL Y MA SK NOU, MOV ING TONE X T B A S EUS E MAS K 8 1 1 COMING OUT TOTERM1 NATER E S U L T T O P A R M R E G I S T E R

RE COV E R RE GIS TE RS

A L L D O N E

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ., E X P A ND-NI E E L €, T H I S R O U T I N E T A K E S T HE L O U N I B E L E I N AL AN D QU A DS A L L, O F T HE B I T S , T U RN IN G TH E 4 B I T S I N T O 1 6 B I T S, T HE R E SU LT I S L E F T I N AX

A 4 5 P ROC NE A R

_-______-_____--____------------------------

P US H DX , S A V E R E G I S T E R SXOR DX,DX , R E S U L T R E G I S T E RT E S T A L . 8J Z R 4 6OR DH.OFOH

J Z R 4 7OR D H , O F H

J Z R 4 BOR D L , O F O H

J Z R 4 9OR D L , O F H

POP DXR E T

R 4 6 T ES T A L . 4

R 4 7 T E ST A L . 2

R 4 E T E S T A L , 1

R 4 9 MOV A X ,DX

R 4 5 E N D P

, RE S UL T TO P A RM RE G IS TE R

, RE COV E R RE GIS TE RS, A L L DONE

8/12/2019 jrtech


F 6 C 3

F 6 C 3 8 A 2 4F 6 C 5 8 A 44 01F 6 C 8 I EF 6 C 9 € 8 1388 RF 6 C C BO 3 E 0049 R OAF 6 D I I FF 6 D 2 75 11

F 6 D 4 53F 6 D 5 89 0008F 6 D B DO F CF 6 D A D l DEF 6 D C DO F 8F 6 D E D l DB

F 6E O E 2 F 6F 6 E 2 8B C 3F 6 E 4 58

F 6 E B 3 2 0 2F 6E A E 5 C IF 6E C 7 4 01F 6 EE F 9F 6 E F DO D 2F 6 F 1 D I E 9F 6 F 3 D 1 E 9

F 6 F 5 7 3 F 3

F 6 F 7 80 56 00F 6 F A 4 5F 6 F B C 3F 6 F C

~ 6 ~ 5s coo0

F 6 F CF 6 F C B A 2 4F 6 F E E A 4 4 01

F701 3 2 D 2F 7 0 3 E B F 7 1 4 RF 7 0 6 B A 6 4 0 2F 7 0 9 E A 4 4 03F 7 0 C E B F 7 1 4 RF70F 86 5 6 00

F 7 1 2 4 5

F 7 1 3 C 3F7 1 4F 7 1 4F 7 1 4 89 FOOO

F719 7 4 01F 7 1 8 F 9F 7 1 C D O D 2F 7 1 E D I E 9F 7 2 0 D I E 3F 7 2 2 D I T 9F 7 2 4 D 1 E 9F 7 2 6 73 E FF 7 2 8 C 3F 7 2 9

~ 7 1 7 e5 CI

, MED-READ-BYTE, T H I S R O U T I N E WILL TAKE 2 BY TES FROM THE REGEN BUFFER ,, COMPARE AGA I NST THE CURRENT FOREGROUND COLOR, AND P LAC E, T H E C O R R ES P ON D IN G O N l O F F B I T P A T T E R N I N T O T H E C U R RE N T, P O S I T I O N I N T H E S AV E A RE A, E N T R Y --, S I , D S I P O I N T E R T O R EG E N A R E A OF I N T E R E S T, B X = EXPANDED FOREGROUND COLOR, B P = POI NTER TO SAVE AREA, E X I T --, B P I S I N C R EM E N T A FT E R S A V E

k50 PROC NEAR

________________________________________------------

M O V A H . C S 1 1 , G ET F I R S T B Y T EMOV A L, C S I + I l , GET SECOND BYTEP U S H DS , S A V E DSC A L L DDS , P O I N T T O B I O S D A T A A R EACMP CRT-MODE,OAH , I N 6 4 0 x 2 0 0 4 C OL OR M ODE'POP DS , RESTORE REGEN SEGJ N E R 5 2 N O , J U M P

,, THE c l B I T S AR E I N TH E N E X T B Y T E H E R E WE C HA NG E T H E M B A C K T O

I N 6 4 0 x 2 0 0 4 C OL OR M ODE, A L L T k E C O B I T S A RE I N O NE B Y TE , AND A L L

NORMAL C l C O A D J A C E N T P A I R SP U S HMOV

R 5 1. SARRCRSARRCRLOOPMOVPOP

R 5 2 MOVXOR

R 5 3 : T E S TJ ZS T C

R 5 4 R C LSHRSHR

J N C

MOVI CR E T

R 5 0 E N D P

B Xcx, 8

AH. Iex, IA L , I

EX. IR 5 I

AX, BXE XCX, OCOOOHD L , D LAX, CXR 5 4

DL , I

cx, 1cx, 1

R 5 3

[ B P I , D LB P

SAVE REGSET LOOP COUNTERc 0 B I T I N T O C AR RY

c I B I T I N T O C AR RY

R E P E A TR E S U L T I N T O A X

A ND I N T O E X

A ND I N T O B X

RESTORE BX2 B I T M AS K T O TE S T T HE E N T R I E SR E S U L T R E G I S T E RI S T H I S S E C T I O N B AC KG RO UN D"I F ZE RO , I T I S BA CKG RO UN DWASN'T, SO SET CARRYM OV E T H A T B I T I N T O T HE R E S U L T

MOVE THE MASK TO THE RI G HT B Y 2B I T SD O I T A G A IN I F M AS K D I D N ' T F A L LOUTS T OR E R E S U L T I N S A V E A RE AA D J U S T P O I N T E RALL DONE

.................................................., LOW-READ-BYTE, T H I S R O U T I N E WILL T A K E 4 BYTES FROM THE REGEN BUFFER,

, COMPARE FOR BACKGROUND COLOR, AND PL AC E, T H E C OR R ES P ON D IN G O N l O F F B I T P A T T E R N . I N T 0 T H E CU R RE N T, P O S I T I O N I N T HE S A V E A RE A, E N T R Y --, S 1 , D S = P O I N T E R T O R E G EN A R EA O F I N T E R E S T, B P = POI NTER TO SAVE AREA

, B P I S I N C R E M EN T AF T E R S A V E, E X I T --....................................................

R 5 5

R S SR 5 6

R 5 7 :

R 5 8 .

R 5 6

PROCnovnovXORC A L LnovMOVC A L LMOVI NC

R E TENDPPROCnovT E S TJ ZS T CR C LSHRSHRSHRSHRJ N CR E TENDP

NEARAH, [SI1A L, C S l + I lO L , D LR 5 6AH, CS1+21A L , C S 1 + 3 1R 5 6[ B P I , D LB P

NEARCX, OFOOOHAX, CXR 5 8

D L , I

cx, I

cx, I

cx, 1

cx, I

R 5 7

; G E T F I R S T 2 B Y T E S

, B U I L D H I G H N I B B L E, G E T S E C O N D 2 B Y T E S

, B U I L D L O W N I B B L E, S TO R E R E S U L T I N S A VE A RE A,A 0 J U S T P O I N T E R

, 4 B I T M AS K TO T E S T T H E E N T R I E S, IS T H I S S E C T I O N B A C K G R O U N D 7, I F Z ER O, I T I S BAC KG RO UN D, WASN' T , SO SET CARRY,M O VE T H A T B I T I N T O R E S U L T.M O VE M A SK R I C H 4 B I T S

, D O I T A G A IN I F M ASK D I D ' T F A L L O UT

8/12/2019 jrtech


----------_--___________________________-, V 4 - P O S I T I O N

, THIS R O U T I N E T A K E S T H E C UR SO R P O S I T I O N C O NT A I N E D I N

, T H E ME MO RY L O C A T I O N , A ND C O N V E RT S I T I N T O A N O F F S E T, I N T O T HE R E G EN B U F F E R , A S S U M IN G O N E B Y T E l C H A R

, F O R M E D I U M R E S O L U T I O N G R A P H I C S , T H E NU M EE R M US T, B E D O U B L E D, E N T R Y -- NO REGI STER S, MEMOR Y LO CA TI ON CURSOR-POSN IS USED, E X I T - -

, A X C O N T A I N S O F F S E T I N T O R E G E N B U F F E R

R 5 9 P RO C N E A R

GRAPH-POSN LA BE L NEAR

-__--______-____________________________-

MOV AX,CURSOR-POSN , GET CURRENT CURSOR

P U S H E X , S A V E R E G I S T E R

MOV BX, AX , SAVE A COPY OF CURRENT CURSORMOV AL , AH , G E T R O U S T O A L

M U L B Y T E P T R C R T- CO LS , M U L T I P L Y BY E Y T E S / C O L U M NCMP CRT MODE, 9 , MODE USI NG 32K REGEN'J N C R 6 0 - , YES, JUMPSHL AX , 1 . M U L T I P L Y 0 4 S I N C E 4 R O U S l E Y T E

S U E EH,EH , I S O L A T E C O L U M N V A L U EADD AX,EX , D E T E R M I N E O F F S E TP O P E X , R E C O V E R P O I N T E R

R E T , A L L D O N E

R 6 0 S H L A X, 1

R 5 9 E N D P

, L I G H T P E N

..................................................................

T H I S R O U T I N E T E ST S T H E L I G H T P E N S U IT C H A ND T H E L I G H TP E N T R I G G E R I F B O T H A R E S E T , T H E L O C A T I O N OF T H E L I G H TP E N IS D E T E R M I N E D O T H E R U IS E , A R E T U R N W I T H NO I N F O R M A T I O NIS MADE

( A H ) = 0 I F NO L I G H T P E N I N F O R M A T IO N IS A V A I L A B L E

( A H ) = I I F L I G H T P E N IS A V A I L A B L E

, ON E X I T

EX, CX, DX ARE DESTROYED

( D H , D L ) = R O U, CO L UM N O F CU R RE N T L I G H T P E N P O S I T I O N( C H ) = R A S T E R P O S I T I O N( E X ) B E S T G UE SS A T P I X E L H O R IZ O N T AL P O S I T I O N

___--_-____-____________________________-----------ASSUME CS CODE, DS DATA

,----- S U B T R A C T - T A B L E

V I L A B E L B YT E

DE 3,3,5,5,3,3,3,0,2,3,4

R E A D L P E N P RO C N EA R, ----- U A I T F OR L I G H T P E N T O E E D E PR E SS ED

XOR AH,AH , S E T N O L I G H T P E N R E T U R N C OD EMOV DX,VGA-CTL ,GE T ADDRESS OF VGA CONTROL REG

I N A L, D X , G ET S T A T U S R E G I S T E RT E S T A L . 4

,T E ST L I G H T P E N S U IT C H

J Z V 7EJ M P V 6 , N O T S E T , R E T U R N

N OU T E S T F O R L I G H T P E N T R I G GE R--_-b 7 E T E ST A L . 2 , T E S T L I G H T P E N T R IG G E R

J N Z V 7 A , R E T U R N W I T H O U T R E S E T T I N G T R I G G E RJ M P V 7

----- T R I G G E R H A S B E E N S E T, R EA D T HE V A LU E I Nb 7 A M OV A H 16 L I G H T P E N R E G IS T E R S ON 6 8 4 5

, ----- INPUT REGS COINTED T O B Y k ~ ,ND CONVERT TO ROU COLUMN IN D X

MOV DX, ADDR-6845 , A DD RE SS R E G I S T E R F O R 6 8 4 5MOV AL , AH , R E G I S T E R T O R E A DO U T D X , A L , S ET I T U PI N C D X , D A T A R E G I S T E RI N A L,D X , G E T T H E V A L U EMOV CH, AL , S AV E I N CXD E C D X , A D D R E S S R E G I S T E R

I N C A HM O V A L , A H , S EC ON D D A T A R E G I S T E RO U T D X , A LI N C D X , P O I N T T O D A T A R E G I S T E R

I N A L, D X , G E T S E C O N D D A T A V A L U EM OV A H C H A X H A S I N P U T V A L U E

MOV EL , CRT-MODES U E EH,EH , MODE VALUE TO EX

M OV E L , C S V I C E X I , D E T E R M I N E A MO U NT T O S U B T R A C TS U E A X . E X , T A KE I T A UAY

C M P A X , 4 0 0 0 , I N T O P O R B O T T O M B O RD E R'J E V I 5 , NO, OKAY

XOR AX,AX , YES, SET TO ZERO

V I 5 M OV E X , C R T -S T A RT

SHR EX, 1

SUE AX, EX , C O N V E R T T O C O R R E C T P A G E O R I G I N

J N S V 2 , I F P O S I T I V E , D E T E R M I N E M OD ES U E A X , A X , ( 0 P L A Y S &S 0

, ---- A X HAS THE ~ A L U EREAD IN ~ R O M HE 6 8 4 5

,----- D E T E R M I N E M O D E O F O P E R A T I O N

v2 . D E T E R M I N E M O D E

M O V C L , 3CMP CRT-MODE, 4J E V 4

M O V D L . 4 0CMP CRT-MODE. 9J B V 2 0MOV DL,EOD I V D L

- G R A P H I C S M O D E

F729F729F 7 2 C

F 7 2 C

F 7 2 DF72FF73 1F735F 7 3 AF 7 3 CF 7 3 E

F740F742F 7 4 4

F 7 4 5F746

F746F746

F75 I

F751F753F756

F757F759F 7 5 E

F 7 5 EF760F762

F765

F767F76EF 7 6 DF 7 6 E

F76FF770F772F773F775F777F 7 7 EF779F 7 7 A

F 7 7 CF780F 7 E 2

F 7 E 7F 7 E 9

F 7 E CF 7 E EF790F794F796F 7 9 EF 7 9 A

F 7 9 CF 7 9 CF 7 9 EF 7 A 3

F 7 A 5F 7 A 7F 7 A C

F 7 A EF7E0

A 1 0050 R

53

EE DEE A C 4

F6 26 0 0 4 A REO 3 E 0 0 4 9 R 09

73 02D 1 E OD I E O2 A FF03 C 3

58c3

0 3 03 05 05 03 0303 00 02 03 0 4

32 E 4E A O 3 D A

E CA B

0474 03E 9 F E O 3 R

AE 0275 03E 9 F EO D R

E 4 10

EE 16 0063 RE A C 4E E42E CE A E E4 A

F E C 4EA C 4

E E42E CE A E 5

E A I E 0 0 4 9 R2 A FF

2 E : E A 9F F 7 4 6 R28 C 3

3 D OFAO72 0233 coEE I E 0 0 4 E R

D I E E28 C 3

79 0228 CO

E 1 03EO 3 E 0 0 4 9 R 0 472 4 A

E 2 28EO 3 E 0 0 4 9 R 09

72 02E 2 50

F6 F 2

----

v20

SET UE SHTFTCOUNT

D E T E R M I N E I F G R A P H I C S O R A L P H AALPHA-PEN

D I V I S O R F O R G R A P H I C SU S I N G 3 2 K R EG EN ?NO, JUMPY ES , S E T R I G H T D I V S D RD E T E R M I N E R O U ( A L ) A N D C O L U M N ( A H )

A L R A N G E 0-99, AH RANGE 0-39

8/12/2019 jrtech


F 7 E 2F 7 E 4F 7 E 6F 7 E EF 7 E DF 7 E FF 7 C 1

F 7 C 3F 7 C 5F 7 C 7F 7 C C

F 7 C EF 7 D O

F 7 D 2F 7 D 4

F 7 D 6F 7 D EF 7 D DF 7 D FF 7 E 1F 7 E 3F 7 E 3

F 7 E 5F 7 E 7F 7 E 9F 7 E EF 7 E D

F 7 E FF 7 E F

F7F3F 7 F 5F 7 F 7F7F9F 7 F EF 7 F DF7FFF E O 1

F E O 1

F E 0 3F E 0 3F E 0 4F E O EF E O EF E O CF E O DFEODF E O EF E O F

F E 1 0F E l l

F E 1 2F E 1 3F E 1 4F E 15

E A E E0 2 EDEO 3 E 0 0 4 9 R 0972 06D O E CD O EO02 EDE A D C2 A FF

EO 3 E 0 0 4 9 R 06

7 2 1577 06

E l 04D O E 4E E OD

EO 3 E 0 0 4 9 R 09

77 F37 4 0 4E l 02D O E C

D 3 E 3

E A D 4E A F ODO E ED O E EE 8 12

F6 3 6 0 0 4 A R

E A F OE A D 4

D 2 E OE A € 8EA D C3 2 FFD 3 E 3

E 4 0 1

52B E 16 0063 RE3 C 2 07E E5 A

5 F5 EI F

I FI F

I F

07C F

F B I 5

F E 1 5 1 EF B I 6 50F B I 7 E E I 3 E E RF E I A BO OBF E 1 C E 6 20F E 1 E 90

F E l F E 4 20F E Z 1 E A E OF E 2 3 O A C 4F E 2 5 75 04F E 2 7 E 4 FFF E 2 9 E E OAF E 2 E E 4 21F E 2 D O A C 4F E 2 F E 6 2 1F E 3 1 BO 20F E 3 3 E 6 20F E 3 5F E 3 5 88 26 0 0 8 4 R

F E 3 9 58F E 3 A I FF E 3 E F EF E 3 CF E 3 C C FF E 3 D

,-__-- E T E R M I N E G R A P H I C R O W P O S I T I O N

MOV CH,AL , S A V E ROW V A L U E I N C HADD CH,CH , 1 2 F O R E V E N lO D D F I E L DCMP CRT-MODE,S , U S I N G 3 2 K R E G E N ?J E V 2 1 , NO, JUMPSHR AH, 1 , ADJUST ROW & COLUMNS H L A L , 1ADD CH,CH , 1 4 FO R 4 S CA N L I N E S

S U E EH,EH , M U L T I P L Y B Y E F O R M E D I U M R E SCMP CRT-MODE.6 , D E T E R M I N E M E D I U M O R HIGH R E SJ E V 3 , MODE 4 OR 5

J A V 2 3 . MODE 8, 9, OR AV 2 2 M O V C L . 4 , S H I F T V A LU E F O R H IG H R E S

SAL AH , I , C O L U M N V A L U E T I M E S 2 F O R HIGH R E SJ M P S H O RT V 3

J A V 2 2 , MODE AJ E V 3 , MODE 9M O V C L . 2 , MODE E S H I F T V A L U E

SHR AH, I

S H L E X , C L , M U L T I P L Y * 16 F O R HIGH R E S

M OV D L AH

V 2 1 MO V E L ,A H , C OL U M N VAL U E TO EX

V 2 3 CMP CRT-MODE,S , CHECK MODE

v 3 , NOT-H I GH-RES

, -__- - E T E R M I N E A LP H A C HA R P O S I T I O N

MOV D H :AL

SHR DH, 1

SHR DH, 1

J M P S H O RT V 5,----- A L P H A M OD E O N L I G H T P E N

v 4D I V B Y T E P T R C RT -C OL S

M OV D H ,ALM OV D L ,AH

S A L A L . C LMOV CH,ALM O V E L , A HXOR EH,EH

S A L E X , C L

MOV AH, 1

P U S HMOVADDOUTPOP

POPPOPPOP

POPPOPP O PP O PI R E T

v5

V 6

V 7

R E A L L P E N

DXD X, AD D R - 6 E4 5 ,DX, 7D X , A LD X

DISID S

D SD SD SE S

E N D P

C OL U M N VAL U E FOR R ETU R NROW VALUED I V I D E B Y 4

LIGHT-PEN-RETURN-SETF O R V A L U E I N 0 - 2 4 R AN GE

ALPHA-PEN

b 0 W S T O D HC O L S T O D L

D ET ER M I N E R OU ,C OL U M N VAL U E

M U L T I P L Y R O W S 1 E

GET R ASTER VAL U E TO R ETU R N R EGCOLUMN VALUE

TO EX

LIGHT-PEN-RETURN-SETI N D I C A T E E V E R Y TH I N G S E TLIGHT-PEN-RETURN

S A VE R E T UR N V A LU E ( I N C A S E )GET EASE AD D R ESSP O I N T T O R E S E T P AR M

AD D R ESS, N OT D ATA, IS IM POR TAN TR EC OVER VAL U ERETURN-NO-RESET

D I S C A R D S A V E D E X , C X , D X

-________________________________________---------------, T EM P OR A RY I N T E R R U P T S E R V I C E R O U T I N E

1 T H I S R O U T I NE IS A LS O L E F T I N P LA C E A FT E R T H EP O W E R O N D I A G N O S T I C S T O S E R V I C E U N U S E DI N T E R R U P T V E C TO R S L O C A T I O N ‘ I N T R - F L A G ‘ WILL

C O N T A I N E I T H E R 1 L E V E L O F H AR DW AR E I N T T H A TCAUSED CODE TO BE EXE C2 ‘ F F ’ FOR N ON - HAR D U ARE IN TE R R U P TS TH AT W ER EE X E C U T E D A C C I D E N T L Y

_-___---__-____--___------------------------------------6 1 1 PROC

ASSUMEP U S HP U S HC A L LMOVOUTNOPI NMOVORJ N ZMOVJM P

H W- IN T I NOROUTMOVOUT

MOV

POPPOPS T I

DUMMY-RETURNI R E T

D I I E N D P

SET- I NTR-FLAG

NEAROS D A T A

D SAX , S A V E R E G A X C O N T E N T S

D D SAL , OEH , R E A D I N - S E R V I C E R E GI N TAOO, AL , ( F I N D O U T W HAT L E V E L B E I N G

, S E R V I C E D )AL , I NTAOO , G E T L E V E LAH , AL , S AV E I TAL, AH , 00’ ( N O HA RD WA RE I S R A C T I V E )HU- I NTA H , O F F HS H O RT S E T - I NT R - F LA G S E T F L A G T O FF I F NON-HDWAREA L , I N T A O 1 GE; M A S K VALUEA L , A HI N T A O l , A LA L , E O 1

I N TAOO, AL

I NTR-FLAG, AH ,

AXD S

M AS K O F F L V L B E I N G S E R V I C E D

S E T F L A G

R ESTOR E R EG AX C ON TE N TS

I N T E R R U P T S B A C K O N

N E ED I R E T F O R V E C TO R T A B L E

8/12/2019 jrtech


F 8 4 1

F B 4 IF 8 4 1 F B

F 8 4 2 I E

F 8 4 3 88 ---- R

F B 4 6 B E D 8F B 4 8 A I 0013 RF B 4 B I F

F B 4 C C F

F 8 4 D

F B 4 D

F 8 4 DF 8 4 D F B

F 8 4 E I EF84F B B ---- R

F852 B E D 8

F 8 5 4 A I 0010 RF857 I FF 8 5 8 C FFa59

F859F859Fa59 F B

F 8 5 A I EF 8 5 B E 8 1 3 8 8 RF 8 5 E B O 2 6 0 0 7 1 R 7 FF863 €8 F 8 6 A RFa66 I FFa67 C A 0002F 8 6 AF 8 6 A

_ _ _ I N T 1 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _, M E M O RY -S IZE -DE TE RM INE

, I N P U T

N O R E G I S T E R ST H E M E M O RY - S IZ E V A R I A B L E IS S E T D U R I N G PO WE R ON D I A G N O S T I C S

( A X ) N UM BE R O F C O N T I G U O U S I K B L O C K S O F MEMORY

A S SU M E C S C O D E , D S D A T AO R G O F B 4 1 H

S T I , I N T E R R U P T S B A CK O N

P U S H D S , S A V E S E G M E NT

M O V A X , D A T A , E S T A B L I S H A D D R ES S IN G

M O V D S , A XM O V A X ,M E M O RY -S IZE , G E T V A L U E

P O P DS . RE CO V E R S E G M E NT

, O U T P U T

________________--_-____________________-----

M E M O R Y - S I ZE - D E T E R M I N E P R O C F A R

I R E T , R E T U R N TO C A L L E RM E M O R Y - S I Z E - D E T E R M I N E E N D P

, E Q U I P M E N T D E T E R M I N A T I O N

_ -_ N T 11 _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ - _ - _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

T H I S R O U T I N E A T T E M P T S T O D E T E R M I N E W HAT O P T I O N A L

D E V I C E S AR E A TT A C H ED T O T H E S Y S T E M

N O R E G I S T E R ST H E E Q U I P - FL A G V A R I A B L E IS S E T D U R I N G T H E P O W E R O N

P OR T 6 2 ( 0 - > 3 ) L O W O R D E R B Y T E O F E Q U I P M E N T

P O R T 3 F A = I N T E R R U P T I D R E G I ST E R OF 8 2 5 0

P O RT 3 7 8 O U TP U T P O RT O F P R I N T E R -- 8 2 5 5 P O R T TH A T

, I N P U T

D I A G N O S T I C S U S I N G T H E F O L L O U I N G H A R DU A RE A S S U M P T I ON S

B I T S 7-3 A RE A LW A Y S 0

. O U T P U T

C A N B E R E A D A S W E L L A S W R I T T E N

( A X ) IS S ET , B I T S I G N I F I C A N T , TO I N D I C A T E A TT AC HE D l l 0

B I T 15.14 = N U MB ER O F P R I N T E R S A T T A C H E DB I T 13 I = S E R I A L P R I N T E R A T TA C HE DB I T 1 2 = GAME l l 0 A T T A C H E D

B I T 11.10.9 = N U MB ER O F R S 2 3 2 C A R D S A T T AC H E D

B I T B 0 = D M A C H I P P R E S E N T O N S Y S T E M , I = NO DM A O N S Y S TE MB I T 7 , 6 = N UM BE R OF D I S K E T T E D R I V E S

B I T 5 . 4 I N I T I A L V I DE O MODE

00-1, 0132, 10=3, 1 1 = 4 O N L Y I F B I T 0 I

00 - UNUSED

0 1 - 4 0 x 2 5 B U U S I N G C OL OR C AR DIO - B O X 2 5 B U U S I N G C O L OR C A R DI 1 - B O X 2 5 B U U S I N G B U C AR D

B I T 3 . 2 P LA NA R R A M S I Z E ( I O = 4 B K , l l = 6 4 K )B I T 1 N O T U S E DB I T 0 I ( I P L D I S K E T T E I N S T A L L E D )N O O T H E R R E G I S T E R S A F F E C T E D

A S SU M E C S C O D E , D S D A T AO R G O F 8 4 D H

S T I , I N T E R R U P T S B A C K O NP U S H D S , S A V E S EG ME N T R E G I S T E R

M O V A X , D A T A , E S T A B L I S H A D D R ES S IN GM O V D S , A X

M O V A X , E Q U I P - F L A G , G E T T H E CU R RE N T S E T T I N G SP O P DS , RE CO V E R S E G M E NTI R E T , R E T U R N TO C A L L E R

____-_______-____-___--- - - - - - - - - -_--_-- - - - -~~--__-

E Q U l P M E NT P RO C F A R

E Q U I P M E N T E N D P

, C A S S E T T E I 1 0

_ _ _ I N T 15 ________________________________________

( A H ) = 0 T U R N C A S S E T T E M O T O R O N( A H ) = I T U R N C A S S E T T E M OT OR O F F

( A H ) 2 R E AD I OR M OR E 2 5 6 B Y T E B L O C K S F RO M C A S S E T T E

( E S , B X ) P O I N T E R T O D A T A B U F F E R( C X ) = C O U N T O F B Y T E S T O R E AD

, ON E X I T( E S , B X ) = P O I N T E R T O L A S T B Y T E R EA D + I

( D X ) C OU NT O F B Y T E S A C T U A L L Y R E AD

( C Y ) 0 I F N O E R R OR O C CU R RE D

( A H ) = E R R O R R E T U R N I F ( C Y ) : I1 I F E R R O R O C C UR R ED

01 I F CRC E RRO R W A S DE TE CTE D

0 2 I F D A T A T R A N S I T I O N S A R E L O S T04 I F N O D A T A W A S F OU N D

( A H ) = 3 U R I T E I OR M OR E 2 5 6 B Y T E B L O C K S T O C A S S E T T E( E S , B X ) = P O I N T E R T O D A T A B U F FE R( C X ) = C OU NT O F B Y T E S T O U R I T E

, ON E X I T( E X , B X ) P O I N T E R T O L A S T B Y T E W R I T T E N + I

( C X ) = 0( A H ) = A NY O T H ER T H A N A B O VE V A L U E S C A U S E S ( C Y ) = I

AND ( A H ) = B O TO BE R E TU R NE D ( I N V A L I D C OM MA ND ). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ASSUME D S D A T A , E 5 N O T H I N G , S S N O T H I N G , C S C OD EO R G O F B 5 9 H

S T

P U S H D SC A L L DDS

C A S S E T T E - I 0 P R O C F A R

, I N T E R R U P T S B A C K O N

, E S T A B L I S H A D DR E S SI N G T O D A TA

A ND B I O S - B R E A K , 7 F H , M A K E SU R E B R E A K F L A G IS O F FC A L L W I , C A S S E T T E - I O - C O N 1

P O P D S

R E T 2 , I N T E R R U P T R E T U R N

C A S S E T T E - I 0 E N D PW I P RO C NE A R

8/12/2019 jrtech


F E W o* E 4FBGC 74 13F B G E F E C C

Fa70 7 4 18Fa72 F E C CF B 7 4 74 I AF B 7 6 F E CCFa78 75 03F 8 7 A E 9 F997 RF 8 7 DF 8 7 D 84 BOF B 7 F F9F O B 0 C 3F B B IF B B I

ORJ ZDEC

J ZDECJ ZDECJ N ZJMP

MOVSTCRE T

u 2 :

U I ENDPMOTOR-ON

AH, AHMOTOR-ONAH

MOTOR-OFFAHREAD-BLOCK ;

AHu 2U R I TE-BLOCK ;

AH, OBOH

TURN ON MOTOR?Y ES , DO I TTURN OFF MOTOR?

Y ES , DO I TREAD CASSETTE BLOCK?Y ES , DO I TU R I T E C A S S E T T E B L OC K ?

YES , D O I TCOMMAND NOT DEFINEDERROR, UND EFINED OPERA TIONERROR FLAG

NOT-DEF I NED

PROC NEAR......................................., PURPOSE

TO TURN ON CASSETTE MOTOR

I N A L, PO RT- 8 , READ CASSETTE OUTPUTAND AL,NOT 08H , CLEAR B I T TO TURN ON MOTOR

SUB AH.AH , CLEAR AHRE T

. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .

U 3 OUT PORT-B,AL

.U R I T E I T O UT

MOTOR-ON ENDPMOTOR-OFF PROC NEAR

, PURPOSE

........................................

TO TURN CASSETTE MOTOR OFF

I N A L, PO RT -B . READ CASSETTE OUTPUTOR AL,OBH , S E T B I T T O T UR N O FFJMP U3 , UR I T E I T , CLE AR E RROR, RET URN

........................................

MOTOR-OFF ENDPREAD-BLOCK PROC NEAR

, PURPOSE

. . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . .

TO READ I OR MORE 2 5 6 BYTE BLOCKS FROM CASSE TTE

, ON ENTRY

E S IS SEGMENT FOR MEMORY BUFF ER (FOR COMPACT CODE)BX PO IN TS TO START OF MEMORY BUFFERCX CONTAINS NUMBER OF BYTES TO READ

B X P O I N T S I B Y T E P A ST L A S T B Y T E P U T I N HEMCX CONTAINS DECREMENTED BYTE COUNTOX CONTAINS NUMBER OF BYTES ACTUALLY READ

CARRY F L A G IS CLEAR I F NO ERROR DETECTEDCARRY F L A G IS SET I F CRC ERROR DETECTED

, O N E X I T

________________________________________-- - - - - - - - - - - -

F e e l E 4 6 1Fa83 24 F7F BB S E 6 6 1F E E7 2 A E 4F E E 9 C 3F B B AF B B A

F B B A E 4 6 1FBBC OC 08F B BE E B F SF B S OF890

PUSHPUSHPUSHMOVC A L L

I N

ANDMOVMOV

T E S T -J N Z

DECJ N ZJMPC A L LJ C X ZMOVMOV

C L I

T E S TJ N ZPUSHC A L LORPOPJ ZCMPJ C X Z

J NC

LOOP

J C

B XcxSI

BEG1N-OP

AL, PORT-C

AL, O l O HLAST-VAL, AL ,O X , 16250

BIOS-BREAK, SOH .U6A

OXu7

SI, 7

SAVE BXSAVE CXSAVE SISET U P RETRY COUNT FOR LEADERB E G I N B Y STARTING MOTORSEARCH FOR LEADERGET I N I T I A L VA LU E

MASK OFF EXTRANEOUS B I T SS A VE I N L O C L A S T- VA L8 OF TRANSIT IONS TO LOOK FORU A I T-FOR-EDGECHECK FOR BREAK KEYJUMP I F NO BREAK KEYJUMP I F B REA K K EY H I T

JUMP I F B E G I NNI NG O F LE A DE RJUMP I F NO LEADER FOUNDI G NO RE F I RS T E DG EJUMP I F NO EDGE DETECTEDCHE CK F O R HA LF B I T SMUST HAVE AT LEAST THIS MANY ONES IZ E PU LSES BEFORE CHCKNG FORSYN C B I T ( 0 )

D I S A B L E I N T E R R U P T SSEARCH-LORCHECK FOR BREAK KEYJUMP I F B RE AK KE Y H I TSAVE REG CXG ET P U L S E U I D T HCHECK FOR TRANSIT IONRESTORE ONE B I T COUNTERJUMP I F N O T R A N S I T I O NC H E C K P U L S E U l D T HI F CX= O T HE N UE CA N LO O KF OR SY NC B I T ( 0 )

J UM P I F Z ERO B I T ( NO T GOODLEADER )

DEC CX AND READ ANOTHER H AL F ONEB I TF I ND- S Y NCJU MP I F ONE B I T ( S T I L L L E AD ER )

535 156B E 0007E B F A 5 0 R

E 4 62

2 4 10A 2 0068 RB A 3 F 7 A

F6 06 0071 R BO75 03

u4:

u5:

Fa90F89 IFa92Fa93Fa96F B 9 9F B 9 9

F B S BFBSDF B A OF B A 3F B A 3F B A B

F B A A 4 AF B A B 75 03F B A D E 9 F92F RF B B O € 8 F96F RF B B 3 E 3 E EF B B 5 B A 0378F B B B 89 0200

U 6 A :u7 :

U 1 7READ-HALF-BI T ,U5

O X , 0 3 7 8 Hcx, 2 0 0 H

F B B BF B B CF B B CF B C I

F B C 3F B C 4F B C 7F B C 9F B CAF B CCF B CE

F A

F 6 06 0071 R BO75 6 C5 1E B F 9 6 F ROB c 95974 CD38 03E 3 04

BIOS-BREAK, BOH ,U 17cxREAD-HALF-BI T ,cx, cxcxu4OX, BXu9

u4

UB

U B

FBDO 73 C 7

F E D 2 E2 E 8

F E D 4F E D 4 72 E 6

us:

8/12/2019 jrtech


F B D 6 E 8 F 9 6 F R

F E D 9 E 8 F 9 4 1 RF B D C 3 C 16

F B D E 75 4 9 ’

F E E 0 5 EF E E 1 59F E E 2 5B

F E E 3F E E 4

F E E 4F B E AF E E DF E E DF B F 2F B F 4F B F 7

F B F 9

F E F BF E F EF E F FF900F900F90 I

F903F 9 0 6F909F S O BF 9 1 1F 9 3

F 9 1 5F 9 1 7

F 9 1 7

F919F 9 19

F 9 1 BF 9 1 BF 9 1 C

F 9 1 EF 9 1 FF 9 2 2F 9 2 4F 9 2 7F 9 2 9F929F 9 2 AF 9 2 C

F 9 2 F

F 9 2 FF930

F93 I

F 9 3 2F 9 3 4F 9 3 6F 9 3 7F 9 3 7F 9 3 BF 9 3 BF 9 3 CF93FF 9 4 0F 9 4 I

5 1

C 7 0 6 0069 R F F F FB A 0100

F 6 0 6 0071 R

7 5 2 3E 8 F 9 4 1 R

7 2 I E

E 3 05

B O

2 6 : 88 0 74 34 9

4 A7F E AE 8 F 9 4 1 RE B \ F 9 4 1 R2 1 E 4E l 3 E 0 0 6 9 R l D O F

7 5 0 6E 3 0 6

EB CD

E 4 0 1

F E C 4

5 A2 8 D 1

50F 6 C 4 907 5 1 3E 8 F 9 4 1 RE B OE

4 E7 4 03E 9 F a 9 9 R

5 E595B

2 8 D 2E 4 0 450

F BE E F 8 B A R58EO F C 0 1F 5c 3

, ----- A S Y NCH B I T HA S B E E N FOUND RE AD S Y N CHA RA CTER

C A L L R E A D - H A L F - B I T , S K I P O TH ER H A L F OF S YN C B I T ( 0 1

CA L L RE A D-B Y TE , RE A D S Y NC B Y TECMP A L , 1 6 H , S Y N C H R O N I Z A T I O N C H A R A C T E RJ N E W 1 6 J U M P I F B A D L E A D E R F OU ND

PO P S I , RESTORE REGSPOP c xP OP B X

,----- GOOD CRC so R E A D D A T A B L O C K ( ~ )

------__________________________________---------------, READ I OR MORE 2 5 6 B Y TE B L OC K S FROM CA S S E TTE, ON E NTRY

E S I S S EGMENT FOR MEMORY B UFFE R (FOR COMPA CT CODE )B X P OINTS TO S TA RT OF ME MORY B UFFE R

CX CONTA INS NUMB E R OF B Y TE S TO RE A D

E X P O I N T S I B Y T E P A S T L A S T B Y T E P U T I N H EMCX CONTA INS DE CRE ME NTE D B Y TE COUNTDX CONT A INS NUMBE R OF B Y TE S A CTUA L L Y RE A D

, O N E X I T

________________________________________----------

W I O :

W 1 1 :

W 1 2 .

U 1 3 :

U 1 4 .

W 15

W 1 6

W 1 7 :

W 18

--

P U S H

MOVMOV

T E S TJ N ZC A L LJ C

J C X Z

MOVI CDEC

DECJ CC A L LC A L LSUBCMPJ N EJ C X Z

JMP

MOV

I C

POPSUB

P U S HT E S TJ N ZC A L LJMP

DECJ ZJMP

cx

CRC-REG, OFFFFH ,D X, 2 5 6

B IDS -B RE A K , B OH ,W I 3READ-BYTEW I 3

W 1 2

E S C B X 1 , A L ,E Xcx. L O O P U N T I L D A T AOXU I 1

READ-BYTEREAD-BYTEAH, AHCRC RE G, IDOFHU 1 4 -W 15

u 10

AH, 0 I H

AH

DXDX, CX

AXAH, SOHW 18

READ-BYTESHORT U1 8

5 1W 1 7w 4

S A V E B Y TE COUNTCOME HE RE B E FORE E A CH2 5 6 B Y T E B L OC K I S R EADI N l T C RC R EGS E T D X T O D A TA B LO C K S I Z ERD-ELKCHECK FOR BREAK KEYJ UM P I F BR EA K KE Y H I TRE A D B Y TE FROM CA S S E TTEC Y S E T I N D I C A T E S NO D AT AT R A N S I T I O N SI F W E’ VE A L R EA D Y R E A CH E D

END OF MEMORY BUFFERS K I P R E S T O F B L O C KS TORE DA TA B Y TE A T B Y TE P TRI N C B U F F E R P T RDEC BYTE COUNTERB L OCK HA S B E E N RE A D FROM CA S S E TTE

, DEC BLOCK CNT, RD-ELK, NOW READ TWO CRC BYTES

, CL E A R A H, I S THE CRC CORRE CT’, I F N OT E Q U AL C RC I S B AD, I F B Y T E C O UN T IS ZERO, THE N WE HA V E RE AD E NOUGH, SO WE WILL E X I T, S T I L L M O R E , SO REA0 ANOTHER BLOCK, M I S S I N G - D A T A, N O D A T A T R A N S I T I O N S SO

, S E T A H = 0 2 TO I N D I C A T E, D A T A T I M E O U T, BAD-CRC, E X I T E A R L Y O N ER RO R, S E T A H 3 0 1 TO I N D I C A T E C R C E RR OR, RD-E L K -E X, CA L CUL A TE COUNT OF, DA TA B Y TE S A CTUA L L Y RE A D, RE TURN COUNT I N REG DX, S A V E A X ( R E T C O D E ), CHECK FOR ERRORS, J U M P I F E RR OR D E T E C T E D, R E A D T R A I L E R, S K IP TO TURN OFF MOTOR, B A D - L E A D E R, C H E C K R E T R I E S, J UM P I F T OO M AN Y R E T R I E S

J U M P I F N OT T OO MA NY R E T R I E S

, NO V A L ID DA TA FOUNDNO DATA FROM CASSETTE ERROR I E T I M E O U T

P OP S IPOPPOPSUBMOVPUSH

S T IC A L LPOPCMPCMC

c xEXDX, DXA H , 0 4 HAX

MOTOR-OFFAXA H, O I H

R E TREAD-BLOCK ENDP

RESTORE REGS

RESTORE REGS

ZERO NUMBER OF BYT ES READT I M E O UT E RR OR ( N O L E A D E R )

MOT-OFFR E E N A B L E I N T E R R U P T STURN OFF MOTORRESTORE RETURN CODES E T CA RR Y I F ER R OR ( A H > O )

F I N I SHED

8/12/2019 jrtech


F 9 4 1

F 9 4 1 53F942 5 1F943 E 1 OBF 9 4 5F 9 4 5 5 1

F946F949

F 9 4 E

F 9 4 CF S Q FF950

F952F 9 5 4F S S EF959F 9 5 A

E E F 9 6 F RE 3 20

53

E 8 F 9 6 F R

58E 3 19

03 OBE 1 F E 06F0F59F59

F 9 5 B D O D S

F 9 5 D 9 EF 9 5 E E B F A 3 C RF961 F E C 9

F963 75 EOF965 E A C SF967 F BF 9 6 EF 9 6 B 59F969 5E

F 9 6 A C 3F96EF96E 59F 9 6 C F9

F 9 6 D E E F 9F96F

C A L LJ C X Z

pusn

C A L LP O PJ C X Z

ADDCUPcncL A H FP OP

R C L

SAHFC A L LDEC

J N ZnovC L C

POPP O PR E T

POPS I CJMP

u20.

u21:

READ-BYTE

READ-HALF-E1 T ,uz 1

B X

READ-HALF-E l T ,AXu2

EX, AXEX, O ~ F O H

cx

cn, 1

CRC-GENC L

u 19AL, cn

cxE X

cx

u 2 0ENDP

RE A D ONE P UL S EI F CX =O T HE N T IME OUTB E C A U S E O F N O D A T A T R A N S I T I O N SS AV E 1 S T H A L F B I T ' SP UL SE U I D TH ( I N E X )RE A D COMP L E ME NTA RY P UL S EC OM PU TE D A T A B I TI F CX=O THEN TIMEOUT DUE TON O D A T A T R A N S I T I O N SP E R I O DCHE CK FOR ZE RO E 1 TCARRY IS S ET I F ONE B I TS A V E CA RR Y I N A HRESTORE CXNOTE :MS B I T O F B Y T E IS R E A D F I R S T

REG CH 15 S H IF T ED L E F T U l T HC AR RY B E I N G I N S E R T E D I N T O L S811 O F C H .A F T E R A L L B B I T S H AV E B EE NREAD, THE MS B I T OF THE DA TAB YT E U l L L B E I N THE MS B I T OF

R O T A T E R EG C H L E F T U I T H C AR RY T O

RE S TORE CA RRY FOR CRC ROUTINEG E N ER A T E C RC FO R B I TLO OP T I L L A L L 8 B I T S O F D AT AA S SE M B LE D I N RE G C HEVTE-ASMR ET U RN D A T A B Y T E I N R EG A L

RD-EVT-EXRESTORE REGS CX,EX

F I N I SHEDNO-DATARESTORE CXI N D I C A T E E R R O RRD-BVT-EX

REG cn

LS BT OF REG cn

...............................................; P URP OS E :

T O CO MP UT E T I M E T I L L N E X T D A TAT R A N S I T I O N ( E D G E )

E DGE -CNT CON TA IN S L A S T E DGE COUNT

A X CO NTA INS OL D L A S T E DGE COUNTE X CO N T AI N S P U L SE U l D T H ( H A L F B I T )

; O N E N T R Y :

; O N E X I T :

F96FF96F 89 0064

F 9 7 2 E A 2 6 0068 RF976F976 E 4 6 2F 9 7 E 2 4 10F 9 7 A 3 A C 4F 9 7 C E l F BF 9 7 E A 2 0068 RF 9 B 1 EO 40F 9 E 3 E 6 4 3F 9 E 5 BE I E 0067 RF 9 E 9 E 4 4 1F S E E E A E OF SE D E 4 4 1F S B F 86 C 4F991 28 DE

F 9 9 3 A 3 0067 RF 9 9 6 C 3F997

;(EAD-HALF-EI TnovMDV

I NANDCUPLOOPEMOVnovOUTnovI NnovI N

S U EnovR E T

u22.

xcnc

READ-HALF-E1 T

PROC NEAR

AH, LAST-VAL ;

cx, 100

AL, PORT-C

AL, AHw22

L A S T-V A L , A L ,

T l M - C T L , A L .EX, EDGE-CNT ,A L , T I M E R + l ,A H , A LA L , T I M E R + l ,A L , A HEX, AXEDGE-CNT, AX .ENDP

AL. o ion

AL, don

S E T T I M E TO U A I T FO R BIT

G E T P R E S E N T I N P U T V A L U ER D - H - B I TI N P U T D AT A B I TMASK OFF EXTRANEOUS B I T SSAME AS BEFORE?L OO P T I L L I T C HA NG ESU P D A TE L A S T- V AL U l T H N E U V A L U EREAD TIM ER 'S COUNTER COMMANDL A TCH COUNTE RB X GE TS L A S T E DGE COUNTG ET L S B Y T ES AV E I N AHGET MS B Y T E

S E T E X E Q U A L T O H A L F 811 P E R I O DUPDATE EDGE COUNT,

xcnc AL,AH

8/12/2019 jrtech


F 9 9 7F997 53F 9 9 E 5 1

F999 E 4 6 1

F 9 9 E 2 4 F DF 9 9 D O C 0 1F 9 9 F E 6 6 1F 9 A I EO E6

F 9 A 3 E 6 43

F 9 A 5 E 8 F A 5 0 RF 9 A E E8 0 4 A O

F 9 A B E E F A 3 5 RF 9 A E E 9 O B 0 0

F 9 B 1

F 9 E 1 F9F 9 E 2 E B F A I F R

F 9 B 5 E 2 F A

F 9 E 7 F AF 9 E 8 FEF 9 E 9 E8 F A I F RF 9 E C 59F 9 E O 5E

F 9 B E EO 16F 9 C O E8 F A 0 8 R

F 9 C 3

F 9 C 3F 9 C 9F 9 C C

F 9 C CF 9 C FF 9 0 2

F 9 0 4

F 9 D 5

F 9 D 6F 9 D 6

F 9 D 7

C 7 06 0069 R FFFF

E A 0100

26 E A 07EE F A O E R

E 3 02

4 349

4 1

7F F3

F 9 0 9 A I 0069 R

F 9D C F 7 D OF 9 D E 50F 9 D F E6 EO

F 9 E 1 E 8 F A O E RF 9 E 4 58

F 9 E 5 E 8 F A 0 8 RF 9 E E OB C 9F 9 E A 75 D 7

F 9 E C 5 1

F 9 E D F EF 9 E E E 9 0 0 2 0F9F I

F 9 F I F 9F 9 F 2 EE F A I F RF 9 F 5 E 2 F A

F 9 F 7 59F 9 F E EO EOF 9 F A E 6 43

F 9 F C E8 0001F9FF E B F A 3 5 RF A 0 2 E E F E E A R

F A 0 5 28 COF A 0 7 C 3

F A 0 8

U R I TE-BLOCK

P U S H

P U S HI N

A N 0OR

OUT

MOVOUT

C A L LMOV

C A L LMOV

S T C

C A L LL O O P

C L

C L CC A L L

P O PP O P

MOVC A L L

U 2 3

P RO C NE A RE Xc xAL, PORT-E

A L ,N O T 0 2 HA L, 0 1 HP O RT-E , A L

A L , OE6HT I M - C T L , A L

BEG N-OPAX, 1184U3 ICX . OEOOH

UR I TE-E1 T

U 2 3

U R I TE-E I T

cxE X

A L , 16HURI TE -B Y TE

D I S A B L E S P E A K E R

E N A B L E T I M E R

S E T U P T I M E R - MODE 3 S Q U A R E U A V E

S T A R T MOTOR A N D D E L A Y

S E T N O R M A L B I T S I Z ES E T - T I M E RS E T C X F O R L E A D E R B Y T E C O UN T

W R I T E L E A D E R

URIT E ONE B I T S

L OO P ' T I L L EA D ER IS U R I T T E ND I S A B L E I N T S

U R I TE S Y N C B I T ( 0 )

R E S T OR E R E G S C X , E X

W R I T E S Y N C C H A R AC T E R

________________________________________-------------, P U R P O S E

, O N E N T R Y

U R I T E I OR M OR E 2 5 6 B Y T E B L O C K S T O C A S S E T T E

E X P O I N T S T O M EM OR Y B U F F E R A D D R E S S

C O N T A I N S NU M EE R O F B Y T E S T O U R l T E

E X P O I N T S 1 B Y T E P A ST L A S T B Y T E U R I T T E N T O C A S S E T T E

C X IS Z E R O

, O N E X I T

________________________________________---------------~ - B L O C K

MOVMOV

MOV

C A L LJ C X Z

I N C

O E C

O E C

J G

U24

U 2 5

CRC-RE G , O FFFFH ,O X, 2 5 6

A L , ES [ E X 1 ,U R I T E - B Y T E ,U 2 5

E Xc x

D X

U 2 4

I N I T CRCFO R 2 5 6 B Y T E SU R - E L KR E A 0 B Y T E F R O M M EM

U R I T E IT TO C A S S E T T EU N L E S S C X Z O , A D V A N C E P T R S D E C

COUNTI N C B U FF E R P O I N T E R

D E C BYTE C O U N T E RS K I P - A O V

D E C B L O C K C N TL OO P T I L L 2 5 6 B Y T E B LO CKIS U R I T T E N T O T A P E

MOV

N O TP U S HXCHG

C A L LP O PC A L L

OR

J N ZP U S H

S T I

MOV

S T CC A L LL O O P

P O PMOV

OUTMOV

C A L L

C A L L

S U ERETU R I TE-BLOCK

U26

AX,CRC-REC- ,

A XAXA H , A L

U R I T E - B Y T E ,AXU R I T E - B Y T E ,

UR-BLOCK

c x

CX, c x

U R I T E - B I T

U 2 6cxA L , O E O HT I M - C T L , A L

A X . I

U3 IMOTOR-OFFA X , A X ,

E N O P

U R I T E THE O N E ' S C O M PL E ME N T O F T H E

F O R 1 ' 5 COMPLEMENTS A V E ITU R I T E MS BYTE F I R S T

U R I T E ITGET IT B A C K

N OU U R I T E L S B Y T EIS B Y T E C O U N T E X H A U S T E D ?

J U M P I F NO T DO NE YETS A V E R E G C XR E - E N A B L E I N T E R U P T S

U R I T E OU T T R A I L E R B I T ST R A I L - L O O P

TU0 B Y T E C R C T O T A P E

U R I T E U N T I L T R A I L E R U R I T T E NR E S T O R E R EG CXT U RN T I M E R 2 O F F

S E T - T I M E RT U R N MOTOR O F F

F I N I S H E D

NO E RR OR S R ~ P O R T E O ON URITE OP

8/12/2019 jrtech


F A 0 8F A 0 8 5 1F A 0 9 50

F AO A B A E 8

FAOC 81 oe

F A O EFAOE DO 05

F A 1 0 9 C

F A 1 1 E 8 F A I F RF A 1 4 90F A 1 5 E8 F A 3 C RF A 1 8 F E C 9F A I A 75 F2F A I C 58F A I D 59F A l E C 3F A F

F A F

F A I F B B 0 4A OF A 2 2 72 03F A 2 4 B B 0250F A 2 7F A 2 7 50

F A 2 8 E 4 62F A 2 A 24 20F A Z C 74 F AF A Z E E4 62

F A 3 0 24 2 0F A 3 2 75 F A

F A 3 4 50

F A 3 5F A 3 5 E6 42F A 3 7 B A C 4F A 3 9 E6 42F A 3 8 C 3F A 3 C

F A 3 C

F A 3 C A I 0069 R

F A 3 F D I D EF A 4 1 D I DOF A 4 3 FaF A 4 4 7 1 0 4

F A 4 6 3 1 0810

F A 4 9 F9

F A 4 A D l DO

F A 4 C A 3 0069 RF A 4 F C 3F A 5 0

MOV CL.8

U 2 7RCL cn, I

PUSHF

C A L L URITE-B I TPOPFCALL CRC-GEND E C C LJ N Z U P 7POP AXPOP cxRET

URI TE-BYTE ENDP

SAVE REGS CX,AX

AL=BYTE TO U R I T E .(115 B I T U R I T T E N F I R S T )

N O T E : TU0 E DG ES PE R B I TFOR 8 D A T A e I T s IN BYTE.

o 1 s A s s E m e L E TnE D A T A BITR O T A T E MS B I T I N T O C AR RY

S A V E F L A G S .

URITE D A T A B I TRESTORE CARRY FOR CRC CALCCOMPUTE CRC ON D A T A B I TLO OP T I L L A L L B B I T S DO NEJUMP I F NOT DONE Y E TRESTORE REGS AX.CX

YE ARE F I N I S H E D

NOTE: D A T A B I T IS I N CA RRY

........................................i n T E - ~ I T PROC NEAR, PURPOSE

, TO URlTE A D A T A B I T TO C A S S E T T E, C A R R Y F L A G C O N T A I N S D A T A B I T, I E I F SET D A T A B I T IS A ONE

I F CLEAR D A T A B I T IS A ZERO

, NOTE TU0 EDGES ARE U R I T T E N P ER B I TONE B I T HAS 500 USEC BETUEEN EDGES

FOR A 1000 USEC PERIOD ( I M I L L I S E C )

ZERO B I T M A S 2 5 0 U S EC B E T U E E N EDGESFOR A 500 USEC PERIOD ( 5 M I L L I S E C I

, CARRY FLAG IS D AT A B I T-_--------_---------____________________---;ASSUME I T ' S A ' I '

M OV AX, l l B 4 ; SET AX TO N O M I N A L O NE S I Z EJ C U 2 B : JUMP I F ONE B I T

AX, 592

AX

AL, PORT-C

U29

AL, PORT-C

AL. O2OHU30

AL, 02014

AX

0 4 2 H . A L

MOVY 2 B :

P u s n

U 29 . I NANDJ Z

U 3 0 . I N

ANDJ N Z

, NO, SET TO N O M I N A L Z E R O S I Z E, UR1T E - B I 1 - A X

, AX, I N P U T TIMER-0 OUTPUT

,URITE B I T u i r n PERIOD Ea TO VALUE

,LOOP TLL nicn,NOM U A I T T I L L TIMER'S OUTPUT IS, L O U

POP

OUTU 3 1 :

;RELOAD TMER u t i n PERIOD; FO R N E XT O A T 4 B I T;RESTORE PERIOD COUNT; SET TIMER; SET L O U B Y T E O F TIMER 2

nov AL. AHOUT 0 4 2 ~ . AL ; SET n i c n BVTE OF TIMER 2R E T

UR I TEJ I T ENDP

~RC-CEN PROC NEAR

; CRC IS USED TO DETECT READ ERRORS; A S S W S DA TA B I T IS I N C AR RY

; REG AX IS M O D I F I E D; F L A G S ARE M O D I F I E D

.-----------------------------------------

; UPDATE CRC REGISTER u i t n NEXT D A T A BIT

MOV AX, CRC-REG

RCR AX, I

RCL AX, I

CLCJ N O U 3 2

XOR A X , O B ~ ~ ~

STCU 3 2 R C L A X , 1

MOV CRC-REG, AXR E T

CRC-GEN ENDP

; i n € FOLLOUING INSTUCTIONS;YILL SET TnE OVERFLOU FLAG; I F CARRY AND M.5 B I T O F C RC;A RE UNEQUAL

,CLEAR CARRY. S K I P I F NO OVERFLOU

. CRC REG B I T I5 IS ONE,THEN XOR CRC REG U I T H

.SET CARRY

.ROTATE CARRY ( D A T A B I T ), I N T O C R C REG

,UPDATE CRC-REG, F I N I S H E D

,IF D A T A B I T XORED uITn

, onion

8/12/2019 jrtech


F A 5 0

F A 50 E 8 F 8 8 l R

FA53 83 4 2

F A5 5 8 9 0 7 0 0

FA58 E2 FE

FASA FE CB

FASC 75 F7

FA5E C3

FASF

FASF

FASF 3 3 D2

F A 6 1 3 2 E 4

FA63 BO OD

F A6 5 CD 1 7

FA67 32 E4

FA63 80 OA

FA 68 CD 17

FA6D C3

FA6E

FA6E

FA6E

FA6E 00 00 00 00 00 00

FA76 7E 8 1 A5 8 1 BD 9 9

FA7E 7E FF DB FF C3 E7

FA 86 6C FE FE FE 7C 38

00 00

8 1 7E

FF 7E

10 00FA8E

FA36

FA9E

FAA6

FAAE

FA86

FABE

FAC6

FACE

FAD6

FADE

FAE6

10 38 7C FE 7C 38

10 0038 7C 38 FE FE 7C

38 7 c

10 10 38 7C FE 7C

38 7 c

00 00 I 8 3 c 3 c 1800 00FF FF E7 C3 C3 E7

FF FF

00 3C 66 42 42 663 c 00

FF C3 99 BD B D 9 9

C3 FF

OF 0 7 OF 7D CC CCcc 7 8

3C 66 66 6 6 3C 19

7E 183F 33 3F 30 30 7 0

FO EO

7 F 6 3 7 F 6 3 6 3 6 7

E6 CO

9 9 5A 3C E7 E7 3C

5A 39

FAEE 80 EO F8 FE F8 EO

FAF6 02 OE 3E FE 3E OE

FAFE 18 3C 7E 18 I9 7E

80 00

0 2 00

3 c 18

6 6 00

F 8 0 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 00

FBOE 7F D B DB 7 8 18 18

F81 6 3E 6 3 38 6C 6C 38

F B l E 00 00 00 00 7E 7E

F 8 2 6 18 3C 7E 18 7E 3C

F82E 18 3C 7E 18 18 18

F 8 3 6 18 19 18 18 7E 3C

FB3E 00 18 OC FE OC I 8

F 8 4 6 00 30 6 0 F E 6 0 30

FB4E 00 00 CO CO CO FE

F 8 5 6 00 2 4 6 6 F F 6 6 2 4

FBSE 00 18 3C 7E FF FF

F 8 6 6 00 FF FF 7E 3C 18

I8 00

cc 7 8

7E 00

18 FF

I8 00

18 00

00 00

00 00

00 00

00 00

OD 00

00 00

..................................................................BEG1 N-OP PROC NEAR , START TAPE AND DELAY

CALL MOTOR-ON ,TURN ON MOTOR

HOV BL,42H ,DELAY FOR TAPE DRIVE

,TO GET UP TO SPEED ( l / Z SEC)U3 3 MOV CX,700H ,INN ER LOOP= APPROX 10 UILL ISECw34 LOOP w34

DEC 8 L

JNZ U33

RET

BEG1 N-OP ENDP

CRLF PROC NEAR

------ CARRIAGE RETURN, L I N E FEED SUBROUTINE

XOR DX,DX , PRINTER 0

XOR AH,AH , UI LL NOW SEND IN IT IA L LF,CR TO

HDV AL,ODH , CR

INT 17H , SEND THE LI N E FEED

XOR AH,AH , NOU FOR THE CR

MOV AL,OAH , L FINT 17H , SEND THE CARRIAGE RETURN

RET

, PRINTER

CRLF ENDP-----__________--_______________________------------------

CHARACTER GENERATOR GRAPHICS FOR 32 0 x2 0 0 AND 6 40 x2 0 0

GRAPHICS FOR CHARACTERS O O H THRU 7FH. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ORG

D B

DB

DB

D B

DB

DB

DB

DB

DB

D 8

D 8

D B

D B

DB

D B

D B

CRT-CHAR-GEN

DB

DB

DB

D 8

D 8

D 8

D B

DB

DB

DEI

DB

D 8

DB

D B

DB

DB

OF46EH

LABEL BYTE

OOOH. ooon, OOOH, ooon, OOOH, ooon, OOOH, OOOH , 0-00

07EH. O81H. 0A5H. O81H. OBDH, 093H. O B I H , 07EH , D - 0 1

07EH,OFFH, ODBH, OFFH,OC3H, OE7H, OFFH,07EH , 0-02

06CH. OFEH, OFEH, OFEH, 07CH, 038H, 0 I O H , OOOH , 0-03

O I O H , 038H, 07CH. OFEH, 07CH. 038H. O I O H , OOOH , D-04

038H, 07CH. 039H. OFEH, OFEH, 07CH, 038H. 07CH , D-05

0 IOH, 0 IOH, 038H, 07CH, OFEH, 07CH, 038H, 07CH , D-06

OOOH, OOOH, o i w , O ~ C H , ~ C H , i w , OOOH, OOOH , D - O ~

OFFH, OFFH, OE7H. OC3H, OC3H,OE7H, OFFH, OFFH , D-08

000H . 03CH. 066H. 042H, 042H, 066H, OJCH, OOOH , D-09

OFFH,OCJH, 099H. OBD H , OBDH, 099H,OC3H, OFFH , D-OA

OOFH, 007 H. OOFH, 07DH, OCCH,OCCH, OCCH, 07 8H , 0-06

OJCH, 066H. 066H, 066H, OJCH, 018H, 07EH, O l 8 H , 0-OC

03FH. 033H, 03FH. 030H. 030H. 07OH.OFOH. OEOH , D-OD

07FH, 06 3H. 07FH , 063H,0 63H, 067H, OE6H, OCOH , D-OE

099H . 05AH, 03CH. OE7H, OE7H,03CH, 05AH, 099 H , D-OF

080H. OEOH, OFBH, OFEH, OFBH, OEOH, 080H, OOOH , D - 1 0

o o m , OOEH, OJEH, OFEH, O ~ E H , OEH, O O Z H , O O O H , D-I I

018H,03CH,07EH, O18H, OlBH,07EH, OJCH, O l 8 H , D-12

066H, 066H. 066H, 066H, 066H. O O O H , 066H, O O O H , D-13

07FH. ODBH, ODBH, 078H, OIBH, O I B H , O I B H , OOOH , D-14

OJEH, 063H. O38H. 06CH, 06CH, 038H, OCCH, 078H , D-15

OOOH, 000H. O O O H , O O O H , 07EH, 07EH. 07EH. OOOH , D-16

o I B H , O ~ C H , XH, o I ~ H , ~ E H , ~ C H , mi, FFH , ~ - 1 7

O I ~ H . ~ ~ C H , ~ ~ E H , ~ ~ ~ H , ~ I ~ H , O I E H , O I ~ H , ~ ~ ~ H~ - 1 8

0 18H. 0 I 8 H . 0 IBH , O18H. 07EH. 03CH. 0 18H’,%OOH , D-19

O O O H , o I B H , oocn, OFEH, OOCH, o ien , ooon, ooon , DA

OOOH, 030H. 060H. OFEH, 060H, O J O H , O O O H , OOOH , D - I B

OOOH, OOOH, ocon, OCOH, OCOH, OFEH, 00011,OOOH , D-IC

OOOH, 024H. 066H, OFFH, 066H. 024H. OOOH, OOOH , D - I D

000H,018H, 03CH, 07EH. OFFH, OFFH, OOOH, OOOH , D - I E

O O O H , OFFH, OFFH, 07EH, 03CH. Ol8H ; O O O H , OOOH , D-IF

8/12/2019 jrtech


F E 6 E 00 00 00 00 00 00

F E 7 6 30 7 8 78 30 30 00

F E 7 E 6 C 6 C 6 C 00 00 00

F E E 6 6 C 6 C FE 6 C F E 6 C

F E E E 30 7 C C O 78 O C F E

F896 00 C 6 C C 18 30 66

00 00

30 00

00 00

6 C 00

30 DO

C 6 00

F E 9 E 38 6 C 38 7 6 D C C C76 00

F E A 6 60 60 CO 00 00 00

00 00FEAE ie 30 60 60 60 30

18 00

60 00F E E 6 60 30 1E 18 18 30

F E E € D O 66 3 C FF 3 C 66

F E C 6 00 30 30 F C 30 30

F B C E 00 00 00 00 DO 30

F E D 6 00 00 DO F C 00 00

F E D E 00 00 00 00 00 30

FEE6 06 OC 18 3060

CO

00 00

00 00

30 60

00 00

30 00

eo 00

F E E E 7 C C 6 C E D E F6 E 6

F E F 6 30 70 30 30 30 30

F E F E 78 C C D C 38 60 C C

7c 00

F C 00

F C 00

78 00

1 E 00

78 00

78 00

30 00

78 00

70 00

30 00

30 60

IS 00

00 00

60 00

30 DO

F C O ~ 78 cc oc 38 oc cc

F CO E I C 3 C 6 C C C F E OC

F C 1 6 F C C D F E OC OC CC

F C l E 38 60 C O F E C C C C

F C 2 6 F C C C OC 18 30 30

F C 2 E 78 C C C C 7 8 C C C C

F C 3 6 78 C C C C 7 C O C 18

F C 3 E 00 30 30 00 00 30

F C 4 6 00 30 30 00 00 30

F C 4 E I E 30 60 CO 60 30

F C 5 6 00 00 F C 00 00 F C

F C S E 60 30 18 D C 18 30

F C 6 6 78 CC OC 18 30 00

F C 6 E 7 C C 6 DE DE DE CO

F C 7 6 30 78 C C C C F C C C

F C 7 E F C 66 66 7 C 66 66

F C E6 I C 66 CO CO EO 66

78 00

cc 00

F C 00

F C E E

F C 9 6

F C ¶ E

F C A 6

F C A E

F C B 6

F C E E

F C C 6

3c 00F E 6 C 66 66 66 6 CF E 00F E 62 68 7 8 6 E 62

F E 00F E 62 68 70 68 60

F O DO3 C 66 CO CO CE 66

3E DOC C C C C C F C C C C Ccc 00

7 8 30 30 30 30 30

78 00I E O C D C OC C C C C

7 E DOE 6 66 6 C 78 6 C 66E6 00

F E DO

C 6 00

C 6 00

38 00

F C C E F O 60 60 60 62 66

F C D 6 C 6 E € F E F E 0 6 C 6

F CD E C 6 E 6 F6 D E C E C 6

F C E 6 38 6 C C 6 C 6 C 6 6 C

DE

DE

De

DE

DE

DE

DE

DE

DE

DE

DE

DE

DE

DE

DE

DE

DE

DE

DE

DE

DE

DE

DE

DE

DE

DE

DE

D E

DE

D E

DE

DE

DE

DE

DE

DE

DE

DE

DE

DE

DE

D B

DE

DE

DE

DE

DE

DE

0 0 0 ~ . 0 0 ~ . 0 0 ~ .oon, 0 0 0 ~ .OOH, OOOH, OOOH , SP 0-20

030H. 0 7 E H . 0 7 8 ~ . ~ O H , ~ O H , OOH, 030~.OOH . I 0-2 I

0 6 C H , 0 6 C H , 0 6 C H . OOOH, 00H. 000H. OOOH,OOOH , *' 0 - 2 2

0 6 C H , 0 6 C H , O F EH . 0 6 C H , O F E H , O 6C H , 0 6 C H . O O O H . 0 D-23

030H. 0 7 C H . O C OH . 0 7 E H , O O C H .O F E H , O I O H , OOOH . 8 0 - 2 4

000H. OC6H. OCCH. O l E H , 0 3 0 H , 0 6 6 H , O C6 H, OOOH ., PER C E N T 0 - 2 5

03EH. 0 6 C H , 038H. 0 7 6 H , OD C H, O C CH , 0 7 6 H ( . OOOH , L 0-26

060H. 0 6 0 H . 0 C 0 H . 0 0 0 H . 0 0 0 H . OOOH. OOOH,OOOH , ' 0 - 2 7

o i w , 030H. 0 6 0 ~ . 6 0 ~ . 6 0 ~ . 30~.IEH. OOOH , t 0-2e

0 6 0 H , 030~.iw, o IEH. o IEH, 30~. 6 0 ~ .OOH , ~ - 2 9

OOOH, 066H, 0 3 C H . O F C H , 0 3 C H , 0 66 H , OO O W , D O O U , 0-2A

OOOH, 030H,030H4, FCH. 030H. 030H.000H.000H , + 0 -2E

000H. OOOH, OOOH, OOOH, OOOH, 03OH.030H. 060H , , 0-2C

OOOH. OOOH, OOOH, O FCH, OOOH, 00H. OOOH. OOOH , 0-20

ODOH, OOOH, OOOH, OOOH, OOOH, 30H,03DH,OOOH , 0 -2E

006H. OOCH. 01EH. 030H. 06DH. OCOH, OEOH, OOOH .I 0-2F

0 7 C H . O C 6 H . O C E H , ODEH. O F 6 H , O E 6 H , 0 7 C H , O O O H , 0 0-30

030H. 0 7 0 H . 030H. 030U. 030H. 030H. O FCH, OODH , 1 0-31

078H. O CCH, O O CH. 03BH. OSOH. DCCH. O FCH. OOOH . 2 0-32

07EH. OCCH, OOCH, 03EU. O O CH, O CCH. 07E H. OOOH , 3 0-33

O I C H , 0 3 C H . 0 6 C H . O CC H. O F EH , OO C H, O I E H . 0 0 0 H , 4 D-34

OFCH, OCOH, OFEH.ODCH.OOCH.OCCH.O7EH, OOOH , 5 0-35

0 3 E H , 0 6 0 H , O CO H, OF E H , O C CH , OC C H, 0 7 E H . OOOH , 6 0-36

OFCH, OCCH. OOCH, OIEH. 030H,030H, O30H. ODOH . 7 0 - 3 7

0 7 E H . O C C H . O C C H , 0 7 B H , O C C H , D C C H , O 7 E H , O O O H , E 0-38

07E H. O CCH, O CCH, 07CH. O OCH. OIEH, 070H. OOOH , 9 0-39

DOOM, 030H. 030H, OOOH, DOOH. 030H, OJOH, OOOH . 0-3A

DOOH, 030H. 030H. 000H. OOOH, D30H. 030H. 060H . . D j E

0 IEH, 030H. O6OH. OCOH, 060H, 030H. 0 IEH. OOOH , < D-3C

000H. OOOH. OFCH,OOOH.OOOH,OFCH.OOOH,OOOH , 5 0-30

0 6 0 ~ . 30~. ien, OOCH, o iw, O ~ O H , 6 0 ~ .OOH , > o - 3 ~

07E H. O CCH, O O CH, 0 IEH, 030H. ODOH, 030H. OODH , 9 D)F

07 CH . O C6H. O DE H. ODEH, O DE H. O CO H. 07E H. OOOH , R D-40

030H. 07 E H . O CCH. O CCH, O FCH, O CCH. DCCH. OOOH .A 0-41

O FC H. 0 6 6 H . 066H. 0 7 C H . 0 6 6 H . 0 6 6 H . O F C H . 0 0 0 H , E 0 - 4 2

0 3 C H . 066H. O CDH, O CO H. O CO H. 066H. 03CH. OOOH , C D-43

O F EH , 0 6 C H . 0 6 6 H . 0 6 6 H . 0 6 6 H . 0 6 C H . O F EH , OOO H , D 0 -44

OFEM. 0 6 2 ~ . ~ W , 7 EH . 0 6 8 1 4 , 0 6 2 ~ . OFEM. OOOH , E 0-45

O F EH . 0 6 2 H . 0 6 E H . 0 7 E H . 068H. 0 6 0 H . O F O H . OODH , F 0-46

0 3 C H . 0 6 6 H . O C OH , O CO H. O C E H , 0 6 6 H . 0 3 E H . O O O H , C 0 - 4 7

OCCH, OCCH. OCCH, OFCH, OCCH,OCCH, OCCH, OODH , H 0-4E

0 7 E H . 030H. 03 0H. 030H. 030H. 030H. 0 7 E H . OOOH , I 0-49

O I E H , OOCH,O O CH , OO C H, OC C H, O CC H , 0 7 W . OOOH , J 0 -4A

O E 6 H. 0 6 6 H , 0 6 C H , 0 7 8 H . 0 6 C H , 0 6 6 H . O E 6 H , O D O H , K D-48

O F OH . 0 6 D H . 060H. 0 6 0 H . 0 6 2 H . 0 6 64 4 , O FE H , OOOH . L D-4C

OC6H. OEEH. OFEH, OFEH. OD6H.OC6 H. OC6H. DOOM , M D-4D

O C 6 H , O E 6 H . O F 6 H . O D E H. O C E H , O C 6 H. D C 6 H . OOOW , N D-4E

03EH. 06 CH . O C6H. O C6H. O C6H. OO CH, 03EH. DOOM , 0 0 -4F

8/12/2019 jrtech


FCEE FC 66 66 7C 60 60

FCF6 78 CC CC CC DC 78FO 00

I C 00

FCFE FC 66 66 7C 6C 66E6 00

FD06 78 C C E O 70 I C C C78 00

FDOE FC 84 30 30 30 30

78 00FD16 CC CC CC CC CC CC

FC 00FDIE CC CC CC CC CC 78

30 00

FD26 C6 E6 C6 D 6 FE hEC6 00

C6 00FD2E C6 C6 6C 38 38 6C

FD36 CC CC CC 78 30 3078 00

FD3E FE C6 8C 18 32 66FE 00

FD46 78 80 60 6.0 60 60

tD4E CO 60 30 18 OC 06J 78 00

02 00

FDS6 78 18 18 18 18 I8

FDSE 10 38 6C C6 00 0078 00

00 00

FD66 00 00 00 00 00 0000 FF

FDSE

FD76

FD7E

FD86

FDBE

FD96

FDSE

FDA6

FDAE

FOB6

FDBE

3 3 18 00 00 0000 0000 00 78 oc 7c cc76 00

EO 60 60 7c 66 66DC 0000 00 78 cc co GC78 00I C OC oc I C cc cc76 0000 00 78 CC FC CO78 00

38 8C 60 FO 60 60FO 00

00 00 76 CC CC 7COC F8E O 60 6C 76 66 68

E6 0030 00 70 30 30 3078 00oc 00 oc oc oc cccc ,78

FDC6 EO 60 66 6C 78 6C, E6 00FDCE 70 30 30 30 30 3

78 00FDD6 00 00 CC FE FE 06

ce 00

FDDE 00 00 F8 CC CC CCcc 00

FOE6 00 00 78 CC CC CC78 00

FDEE 00 00 DC 66 86 7C

FDF6 00 00 76 CC CC 7C

FDFE 00 00 DC 76 66 60

FEO6 00 00 7C CO 78 OC

FEOE 10 30 7C 30 30 34

FEl6 00 00 CC CC CC CC

FElE 00 00 CC CC CC 78

60 FO

OC 1E

F O 00

F8 00

18 00

76 00

30 00

6C 00

FE26 00 00 C6 06 FE FE

FE2E 00 00 C6 6C 38 6C

FE36 00 00 CC CC C C 7C

FE3E 00 00 FC 98 30 64

FE46 I C 30 30 E O 30 30

FE4E 18 18 18 00 18 18

FES6 E O 30 30 I C 30 30

FESE 76 D C 00 00 00 00

C6 00

OC F8

FC 00

I C 00

18 00

EO 00

00 00FE66 00 10 38 6C C6 C6

FE 00

DB

08

08

DB

DB

DB

DB

DB

OB

DB

OB

DB

08

DB

08

DB

DB

08

08

DB

08

DB

DB

DB

08

DB

DB

08

08

DB

08

08

OB

DB

DI)

08

OB

DB

DB

DB

08

De

OB

08

DB

08

DB

De

OFCH, ossn, 066n, o x n , O ~ O H , 60n, oFon, OOOH , P D-SO

078n. occn, occn, occn, oocn, 07an. o i c n . ooon , a D-SI

OFCW, 06 6 ~ . 6 6 ~ . x n , 0 6c n . 0 6 6 ~ . ~ 6 n .oon , R 0 5 2

078n.occn. OEOM, 0 7 0 ~ . i cn , OCCH, 0 7 8 ~ .oon , s O - S ~

OFCH, 0 8 4 ~ .30n. 03011, ~ o n , 30n. 0 7 8 ~ . oon ; T 0-54

occn, occn , occn, occn, occn, occn, oFcn, ooon , v D-ss

occn, OCCH, occn, occn, occn, o n n , 03011,ooon ; v D-ss

oc w , ocsn , ocen, O D ~ H , FEH, oEEn. O C ~ H , O OH ; Y 0-57

ocsn. ocen, oecn, omn, 0 3 8 ~ . ecn, ocen, ooon x D - S ~

occn. occn, occn, 0 7 8 ~ . 3 0 ~ . 3 0 ~ . 7 8 ~ .oon ; v o g s

OFEH, O C ~ H , ~ C H , 1 8 ~ . 3 2 ~ .6611,OFEH, ooon ; z D-SA

ann. oson, 060n. 0 6 0 ~ .COH. oaon, 0 7 8 ~ .OOH ; t D - S ~

ocon. oson. 030n. omn. OOCH, OOSH. O O ~ H , OOH ;

0 7 8 ~ . I ~ H , oian, o h , OIEH, O I ~ H , 0 7 8 ~ .OOH ; 1 DJD

aion, O~EH, scn, ocen, ooon, ooon, OOOH, OOOH ;

‘ 8ACKSLASH 0-SC

; CIRCUMFLEX D-SE

OOOH, OOOH, 000H. OOOH, 000H. 000H. OOOH, OFFH ;

-0-SF

OJOH, 030n. oien, ooon. won, ooon, OOOH, OOOH ; 0-80

ooon, ooo~,o78n,oocn. O ~CH, ccn, O’IW, OOOM ;

OEOH, 0 6 0 ~ . SOH,oicn. 0 6 6 ~ . een. ODG,oon ; LC I ) 0-62. LOYER CASE A 0 61

ooon, ooon, OW OCCH, ocon. OCCH, 078U, o w n ; LC c 0-63

OCH oocn, oocn, oi cn . occn, OCCH, 07m, ooon ; LC D 0-64

ooon. ooon, 0 7 8 ~ . ccn, OFCH. ocon, o7m. ooon ; LC I -6s

0 3 8 ~ . ecn. oeon. oFon, ocon, OIOH, OFOM, OOOM ; LC F D-OS

ooon. ooon. 0 7 6 ~ .ccn, occn, oicn, WCH, OFW ; LC c 0-87

oEon, oeon. oecH.076~,o . w , o . ~ ~ , ~ E ~ H ,OOH ; L C n o g r

OJOH, OOOH, 070n, O ~ O H , ~ O H , 3W.078H. own ; LC I 0-6s

OOCH, ooon, oocn. OOCM, OOCH. occn, OCCH, o n ~LC J o - 6 ~

I -

OEOH, 060H. 066H. OQCH,078H. WCM. OEIH, OOOM ; LC K 0-68

070n, O ~ O H , ion, OJOH, 0 3 0 ~ .ron, 071)~. w n ; LC L 0-ec

000H. OQOH, OCCH, OFEH, OFEH, ODSH, OCIH, OoOn ; LC II 0-60

ooon. ooon. oFnn, occn. occn. OCCH. occn. ooon ; LC n D ~ E

ooon , ooon, 0 7 8 ~ . CCH, occw, occn. 071)~.oon ; LC o D - ~ F

WOH, ooon, oocn, oeen, os m , OICH. oron. OFOM ; LE P 0-70

OOOH, ooon, 0 7 6 ~ . CCH, occn. OCH oocn, O-EH ; C Q 0-71

man.ooon. ODCH, 0 7 6 ~ .een, oron, OFOH, own ; L C R 0-72

OOOH, ooon, o x n , o c w , 078H. OOCH, OFOH, ooon ; LC s 0-73

OIOH, OJOH, otcn, 030n. O ~ O H , 34n. oien, OOOH ; LC T 0-74

OOOH, ooon, occn, occn,~occn, CCH, onin, ooon ; LC u 0-7s

ooon, ooon, occn, occn,~occu, ’IOH, oron, ooon ; L C v 0-76

ooon, ooon, OCSH,ODQH, OFEH, OFEH, oecn, OOOH ; LC Y 0-77

OOOH, ooon, ocan, oecn, OJBH, oecn, oc m , OOOH ; LC x 0-70

ooon, ooon, occn, OCCH, occn, 07cn. oocn, O F ~ H; LC Y 0-79

ooon, ooon, am i , osen, OJOH, omn, OF&, ooon ; LC z 0 - 7 ~

oicn, 0 3 0 ~ .3011,oEon, 030n.030n. oicH, OOOH ; < 0-78

omn, o ien , oien, ooon, omn, o i8n . O I ~ H , ooon ; : D-7c

oEon, 0 3 0 ~ . JOH, OICH, 0 3 0 ~ .30n. OEOH, OOOH ; 1 0-70

0 7 6 ~ . ocn, ooon, ooon, ooon. ooon, ooon, ooon ; - 0 - 7 ~

ooon, o ion , 0 3 8 ~ . ecn, ocsn, OCBH, oFEn, ooon ;

DELTA D-7F

8/12/2019 jrtech


F E 6 EF E 6E E 9 1393 R

FE71

FE71 BE 09FE73 B A FFFFFE76 F CFE77 32 E 4FE79 B I 04F E 7B A C

F E 7 C 32 F OF E 7 E E A C 6FEE0 03 COFEE2 33 DOF E B 4 D I COFE86 86 F2F E B E 33 DOF E E A 03 CBF E B C 24 E OF E E E 33 DOFE90 D I CB

FE92 32 F OFE94 48-95 75 E4F C S 7 OB 02P E S 9 C 3F E 9 A

F E S AF E S A 32 COF E 9 C EEFESD FE C 3FE9F 42F E A O E CF E A I C 3F E A 2

F E A I

F E A 5F E A SF E A 6F E A 7F E A EP E A SF E A CF E B OFEE2FEE6FEE6F E B EF E E DF E C 3

F

I O

I 2E8 138E RFF 06 0 0 6 C R76 04

FF 06 0 0 6 E R

83 3E 006E R 1875 I581 3E 0 0 6 C R OOBO7s OD

ORG OFE6EHJMP NEAR PTR TIME-OF-DAY...........................................................

CRC CHE CK I G E NE RA T I O N RO UT I NERO UTI NE TO CHECK A ROM MODULE USIN G THE POLYNOMIMAL.

CALLING PARAMETERSOS = DAT A SEGMENT OF ROM SPACE TO B E CHECKEDSI = I N D E X O FF S ET I N T O O S P O I N T I N G T O I S T B Y T ECX = LENGTH OF SPACE TO BE CHECKED ( IN CL UD IN G CRC BYT ES)O N E X I TZERO FLAG = S E T = CRC CHECKED OK

A H = 00A L = 7 1

B X = 0000C L = 04OX = 0000 I F CRC CHECKED OK, ELSE, ACCUMULATED CRCSI = ( S I ( E N T R Y ) + E X ( E N T R Y )N O TE . R O U T I N E U I L L R E TU R N I M M E D I A T L Y I F "RESET-FLAG

X I 6 + X I 2 + X 5 + I

I S E Q U A L T O "1 2 3 4 H " ( UA RM S T A R T ).-__-----------___-----------------------------------------

~RC-CHECKASSUMEMOVMOVCLDXORMOV

XORMOVRO LXORRO LXCHGXORRORANDXORROR

XORDECJ N ZORRE T

CRC-I: .LODSB

CRC-CHECK

PROC NEAR0 S : N O T H I N G

OX, OFFFFH

AH. AH

ex, CX

CL, 4

OH, ALAL, OHAX, CLOX, AXAX, IOH, DLOX, AXAX, CLAL, I I IOOOOOBOX, AXAX, I

OH, ALB XCRC- Iox, OX

ENDP

SAVE COUNTI N I T . E NC OD E R E G I S T E RS E T D I R F LA G T O I NCREM E NTI N I T . U O RK R EG HIGHSET ROTATE COUNTGET A BYTE

FORM AJ + C J + 1

SH IF T WORK REG BACK 4ADD IN TO RESULT REGSHIFT WORK REG BACK 1

S UA P P A R T I A L S UM I NT O RE S ULT RE GADD WORK REG IN TO RESU LTSSHIFT UORK REG OVER 4

CLE A R O F F ( E F G H)A DD ( A E CD) I NT O RE S ULT SS H IF T UORK REG ON OVER (AH=O FORNEXT PASS)ADD (AECD IN TO RESULTS LOW)DECREMENT COUNTL OO P T I L L C O UN T = 0000

RETURN TO CALLEROX S I B = 0000 I F O . K .

-.___---__-_--------_-----------------------------------------------; SUBRO UTINE TO READ AN E250 REG ISTE R. MAY ALSO BUMP ERROR

REPORTER (EL) AND/OR REG OX (PORT ADD RESS) D EPE NDI NG ONU H I C H EN T RY P O I N T IS CHOSEN.

DELAYS FOR THE 8250. I T U A S TH E MOST E F F I C I E N T U A Y T OI NCLU DE T HE DE LAY S .

PORT OX )

; T H I S S U B R O U T I N E U A S U R I T T E N T O A V O I D M U L T I P L E U S E O F 110 T I M E

; I N E V E RY CA SE , UPO N RE TURN, RE G A L U I L L CO NT A I N T HE CONT ENT S O F

..................................................................R R I P RO C N E AR

XOR AL,ALOUT DX,AL , D I S A B L E A L L I N T E R R U P T SI N C B L ; BUMP ERROR REPORTER

R R 2 : I N C O X , INCR PORT ADDRR R 3 : I N A L, DX ; READ REGISTER

R R 1 E N D P

; T H I S R O UT I N E HANDLE S THE T I M E R I NT E RRUP T FROM

; AN D TH E D I V I S O R IS 65536, R E S U L T IN G I N A PP RO X. 18.2 I NT E RRUP T S; EVERY SECOND.

; T HE I NT E RRUP T HA NDLER M A I NT A I N S A CO UNT O F I NT E RRUP T S S I N CE P OUER, ON TIME, WHICH M AY B E USE D T O E S T A B L I S H T I M E O F DA Y .; I N T E R R U PT S M I S S ED W I L E I N T S U E RE D I S A B L E D A R E T A K E N C A RE O F; B Y T HE US E O F T I M E R I AS A O VERFLOU COUNTER; THE INT ERR UPT HANDLER ALSO DECREMENTS THE MOTOR CONTROL COUNT; O F T H E D I S K E T T E , A ND WHEN I T EX P I R E S, U I L L T UR N O F F T H E D I S K E T T E; MOTOR, AND RESET THE MOTOR RUN NIN G FLA GS; T HE I NT E RRUP T HA NDLE R U I L L A LS O I NV O K E A US E R RO UT I NE T HROUGH; I NT E RRUP T 1CH A T E V ERY T I M E T I CK . T HE US E R M UST CODE A RO UT I NE; AND P LACE TH E CORRECT ADDRESS I N THE VECTOR TABLE.

RE T

._------------------------------------------------

; CHANNEL o OF THE 8213 TMER INPUT FREQUENCY IS . 1 9 3 1 ~MHZ

._-----------------_--------------------------------DRGASSUME

T I MER-I NT. S T IP US HPUSHPUSHC A L LI NCJ N ZI NC

CMPJ N ZCMPJ N Z

7 4 :

O F E A I HOS: DATA

PROC FAR

D SAXOXDDSTIMER-LOUT 4TIMER-HIGH ;

TIMER-HIGH,OIBH IT ITIMER-LOU, OBOHT 5

INTERRUPTS BACK ON

S A V E M A CHI NE S T A T E

I NCREMENT T IWETEST-DAVINCREMENT HIGH UORD OF T IMETEST-DAVTEST FOR COUNT EQUALLING 24 HOURSDI S K E T T E - CT L

DI S K E T T E - CT L

8/12/2019 jrtech


FECSF E C 7FECAFECD

F E D 2

F E D 2F E D 6F E D @F E D 0FEDFF E E 1

F E E 3F E E SF E E 7F E E #F E E BFEEAFEEE

26 coA 3 OO6E RA 3 0 0 6 C RC 6 01 0070 R 0 1

F E OE 0040 R7s O beo 20 OOOF R FOBO eoE6 F2CD I C

EO 20E6 20SAso1 FC F

F E E BF E E E 02 04

FEED 46FEEE E 2 F BFEFO OA COF E F 2 C 3FEF3

F E F 3f E F 3F E F 3 F E A S RF E F S 1-91 RF E F7 F B I 5 RF E F S F O l S RF E FE F B I 5 RF EF D - F a 1 1 RF E F F EFS7 RF F O l F O l l RF F 03 ODOE RFFOS F040 RF F 0 7 F S 4 1 RFFOB ECSB RFFOE t 73b RFFOD FESB RFFOF 1300 RF F l l E F D 2 RF F 1 3 0000

F F l S OE1B RFF17 1 3 S 3 RF F A b F I X RF F l E F E 3 C R

F F I D F O A4 RF F l F E FC 7 RFF21 EOSE RF F 2 3FF23 2 E : IA 04

F F 2 6 4 6F F 2 7 50F F 2 8 E l 1 0 8 A R

FF2E SS

F F 2 C 3 C ODF F 2 E 75 F3F F 3 O C 3F F 3 I

F F 3 1

F F 3 1 EO E6FF33 E 6 43FF35 81) 0533

F F 3 8 E 6 4 2F F 3 A SA C 4F F J C E 6 42F F 3 E E 4 61F F 4 0 E A EOFF42 OC 03F F 4 4 E 6 6 1F F 4 6 28 CSF F 4 8 E 2 F EF F 4 A F E C BF F 4 C Z5 F AF F 4 E 0 A C 4F F S O E 6 6 1F F S 2 C 3F F S 3

TIMER HAS GONE 24 HOURSSUE AX,AXMOV TIMER-HIGH, AXMOV 1 MER-LOU, AXMOV TIMER-OFL, I

TEST FOR DISKETTE TIME OUT; LOOP T I L L AL L OVERFLOWS TAKEN; CARE OF

DEC MOTOR-COUNTJ N Z 16 . R ET UR N I F COUNT NOT OUT

MOV AL,FDC-RESET ; TURN OFF MOTOR, DO NOT RESET FDCOUT NEC-CTL,AL ; TURN OFF THE MOTORI N 1 I C H ; TRANSFER CONTROL TO A USER

MOV AL,EOI

POP o xPOP A XPOP 0s ; RESET MACHINE STATEI RET ; RETURN FROM INTERRUPT

AND MOTOR-STATUS,OFO;~ ; TURN OFF MOTOR RUNNING e l i s

;ROUTINE

OUT 0 2 0 n . ~ ~ ; END OF INTERRUPT TO e259

1 MER-I NT ENDP

PJSCG12A:

P-MSG

iEEP

G7:

BEEP

DYDYDYDU

DYDYDYDYDYDYD YD YDYDYD YDYDYDUDYDYD YDY

DYD YDYPROCMOVI N C

C A L LPOPCMPJ N ERETENDPROUTPROCnovOUTMOV

OUTMOVOUTI NnOVOROUTSUELOOPDECJ N ZnovOUTRETENDP

P u s n

OFFSET K E - I N 1 ; NTERRUPT 9OFFSET D l 1 ; NTERRUPT AOFFSET D l 1 ; INTERRUPT E

OFFSET D l 1 ; INTERRUPT COFFBET D l 1 ; NTERRUPT 0OFFSET DISK I N 1 ; INTE1IRUPT EOFFSET 011- ; I W T E R R W T FOFFSET VIDEO-IO ; INTE-UP1 l O HOFFSET EQUlmENT . INTERRUPT 1IHOFFSET MEMORV-Sl ZkJETERMINE . INTERRUPT 12H

OFFSET RS2J2-10-; I k T E R R W T 14HCASSETTE IO . IN7ERRUPT ISHOF F S E T K hOA R D - ; O ; NTERRUPT I I HOFFSET PRl l lTER-IO ; INTERRUPT I MOOOOOH ; INTERRUPT I WOFIOOH ; WST DE INSERTED l W f 0 T U L E LATEROFFSET EOOT-STRAP ; INTERRUPT ISHTIME-OF-DAV ; I N T E R R W T 1AM -- TI- O F DAVDUMV-RETURN ; IMTERRUPT IBH -- K M D w*)( ADDR

VIDEO-PARMS . INTERRUPT I D -- V I D E O PAR

CRT-CHARH , INTERRUPT I F -- V I D E O EXTNEARA L , C S : C S I l ; PUT CHAR I N U

OFFSET DSKETTE IO IMTERRUP~ 1311

DUMMV-RETURN ; i n T E m U P T IC -- TIMER W*K ADOR

OFFSET DSK-EASE ; INTERRUPT IE -- DSK

SI ; POINT TO N EXT CHARAX ; * V E P R i m cnmPRT-HEX ; CALL VIDEO-IOAX ; R EC OV ER P R I W C HA RAL, I3 ; WAS I T CARRACE RETURM?G 1 2 A , N O,K EE P P R I N T I N G S T R I N G

TO SOUND EEEPERNEARAL, IOllOllOE ; SEL T I M 2,LSE,MSE,8INARVTIMER+3,AL ; WRITE THE J IM ER MODE REGAX, S33H ; D I V I S O R FOR 1000 HZ

TIMER+2,AL ; WRITE TIMER 2 CNT - L S EAL, AHTIMER+2,AL ;

AL, PORT-EAH, A LAL, 03PORTJ, ALcx, cxG7B L67

AL. AHPORT-B, AL

WRITE T I M E R 2 CNT - WSBGET CURRENT SETTING OF PORTSAVE THAT S E T T I N GTURN SPEAKER ON

SET CNT TO W A I T SO0 NSDELAY BEFORE TURNING OFFDELAY CNT EXPIRED?NO - CONTINUE BEEP ING SPKRECOVER VALUE O F PORT

RETURN TO CALLER

8/12/2019 jrtech


.--------------------------------------

; DUMMV RETURN FOR ADDRESS CO MP AT IB IL IT Y

FF53FF53 C F

ORG OFF53HI R E T-- I N T 5 .........................................................THS LOGC ~ I L L E INVOKED BV INTERRUPT OH TO PRNTT HE S CRE EN T HE CURSO R P O S I T I O N A T T HE T I M E T H I S RO UT I NEIS I NV OK E D U I L L B E S A V ED A ND RE ST O RE D UP ON CO M P LE T I O N T HERO UT I NE IS I NT E NDE D T O RUN U I T H I NT E RRUP T S E NAB LE DI F A SUBSEQUENT 'P RI NT SCREEN KEY IS DEPRESSED DURING THET I M E T H I S R OU T IN E IS P R I N TI N G I T U I L L B E IG NO RED

ADDRESS 50 0 CO NT A I NS T HE S T A T US O F T HE P R I NT S CRE EN

50 0 =o E I T HE R P R I NT S CRE EN HA S NOT B E E N CA LLE DOR UPON RETURN FUW A C AL L T H l S I W O I C I T E SA SUCCESSFUL OPERATION

= I P RI NT S CRE E N IS I N P RO GR ES S

=OFFH ERROR ENCOUNTERED DURIN G PR IN TI NG...........................................................FF54F F S 4FF54F F 5 S

FF56FF57

F F 5 B

FF59F F S AF F S DFF5FFF64FF66F F 6 B

F F I D

F B1 E

50

53

SI

88 ---- RBE OB80 3E 0000 R 0 174 S FC 6 06 0000 R 01

84 OF

CD 10

FF6F BA CCFF71 B5 19FF73 E 8 F A 5 F RFF76 5 1FF77 84 03FF79 CD IOF F 7 B 59F F 7 C 52F F 7 D 33 02

FF7F 84 02FF81 CD 10F F B 3 84 OBF F B 5 C D 10

FF87 OA CO

FF89 75 02F F B B BO 20F F B D 52F F B E 33 02FF90 32 E 4FF92 CD 17FF94 5 AF F 9 S F6 C 4 29FF98 75 2 1F F S A FE C 2F F S C 3A CAF F S E 75 OFF F A O 32 0 2F F A 2 E A E 2F F A 4 52F F A S E 8 F A S F RF F A B 5 AF F A 9 F E C 6

F F A B 3 A E EF F A D 75 DOF F A F 5 AF FB O 8 4 02FFBP CD 10

F F B 4 C 6 06 0000 R 00

F F B S E B OAF F B B S AF F B C 84 02

FFBE CD 10

F F C O C 6 06 0000 R FF

F F C 5 5 AF F C 6 59F F C 7 5 BF F C B 58

F F C S I FF F C A C FF F C B

ASSUMEORG

PRINTJCREENS T IPUSH

PUSHPUSH

PUSH

PUSHMOVMOVCMPJ ZMOVMOV

I NT

CS: CODE, OS: XXDATAO F F 5 4 HPROC FAR

OS

AXB X

cxOXAX. XXDATAOS; AXSTATUS-BVTE, I ;

E X 1 TSTATUS-BVTE, 1 ;

AH, 15

I O H

M UST RUN U I T H I NT E RRUP T S E NA B LE DMUST USE 5 O : O FOR DATA AREASTORAGE

U I L L U S E T H I S L A T E R F OR C UR SO RL I M I T SU I L L HO LD CURRENT CURSO R P O S I T I O UHEX SO

S E E I F P R I N T A L RE AD Y I N P RO GR ES S .JUMP I F P RI NT A LRE A DY I N PROGRESSI N D I C A T E P R I N T N OU I N PR OG RE SSU I L L REQUEST THE CURRENT SCREENMODE

C A L I =MODECAHl=NUMBER COLUMNSILINECB H l = V I S UA L P A G E

; **n*********~*******n****n*******n**********n*****n******nA T T H l S P O I N T U E K NO U T H E C O L U M N S / LI N E A R E I NCAXI AND THE PAGE I F A P P L I C A B L E IS I N C B H I . T HE S TA CKHAS DS,AX,BX,CX,DX PUSHED. C A L I HAS VID EO MODE

MOV CL,AH ; U I L L M AK E U S E O F C C X l R E G I S T E R T OMOV CH.25 ; CONTROL ROU S COLUMNSC A L L C R L F ; C A R R I A G E R E TU R N L I M E F E ED R O U T I N rPUSH CX ; SAVE SCREEN BOUNDSMOV AH.3 ; U I L L NOU READ THE CURSOR.I N 1 I O H ; A ND P RE SE RV E T HE P O S I T I O NPOP cx ; RECALL SCREEN BOUNDSPUSH OX ; RE CA LL CB HI = V I S UA L P A G EXOR DX,DX ; U I L L S E T CU RS OR P O S I T I O N T O C 0 , O I :

; *~n******************nn***************n*****nn******n*****n**n*T HE LO O P F ROM P R I I O TO T HE I N S T RUC T I O N P R I O R TO P R 1 2 0IS THE LOOP TO READ EACH CURSOR PO SI Tl OM FROM THE SCREENA ND P RI NT .

; *****************n*******n****nn***********n*****n****n***

; ********n******nn***********************n**n*n*n*n*nnnn*****n**P R I I O : M O V

I MTMOVI NTOR

J N ZMOV

XORXORI N TPOPT E S TJ N ZI MCCMPJ N ZXORMOVPUSHC A L LPOPI MC

CMPJ N ZPOPMOVI N TMOVJMP

E RRI O : P O PMOVI N TMOV

E X I T : P O PPOPPOPPOPPOPI RET

PRINTJCREEN

P R I I S : PU SH

AH, 2I O HAH, 8

I O HA L , A L

P R I I 5A L , ' 'OXOX, OXAH, AH1 7 HOXA H. 029HERR 10

D LC L, D LP R I 10

D L, D LAH, DLOXC R L FOXD H

CH, DHP R I 10

OXAH, 2I O HSTATUS-BVTE, 0 ,S HO RT E X I T ,OXAH, 2I O H

OXcxB XAXOS

ENDP

STATUS-BYTE, OFFH'

TO I ND IC AT E CURSOR SET REQUESTNE U CURS OR P O S I T I O N E S T A B L I S HE DTO I ND IC AT E READ CHARACTERC HA RA CT ER N OU I N C A L IS E E I F VALID CHAR

JUMP I F V A L I D CHA RMAKE A BLANKSAVE CURSOR POSIT IONI N D I C A T E P R I N T E R I

TO I N D I C A T E P R I N T CHAR I N C A L IPRINT THE CHARACTERRE CA LL CURS O R P O S I T I O NTEST FOR PRINTER ERRORJUMP I F ERROR DETECTEDADVANCE TO NEXT COLUMNS E E I F A T E N D O F L I N EI F NOT PROCEEDBACK TO COLUMN 0CAH1=0SAVE NEU CURSOR POS IT IO NL I N E F E E D CA RRI A G E RE TURNRE CA LL CURS O R P O S I T I O NA DV ANCE TO NEX T L I N E

F I N I S H E D ?I F NOT CONTINUERE CA LL CURS O R P O S I T I O NTO IN DI CA TE CURSOR SET REQUESTCURSOR POSIT ION RESTOREDI N D I C A T E F I N I S H E DE X I T T HE R O U T I N EGET CURSOR POSIT IONTO REQUEST CURSOR SETCURSOR POSIT ION RESTORED

. I ND I CA T E E RRO RRESTOR; ALL THE REGISTERS USED

8/12/2019 jrtech


F F C B

F F C B 28 CO

F F C F C 7 06 0024 R 1937 RFF05 A 3 0060 RF F D B C 7 06 0062 R F600FFOE CD 18

F F EO

FFCD BE oe

F F EOF F E O E 6 43F F E 2 B A 0040F F E S 02 0 4F F E 7 8 A C 3F F E S E EF F E A 52F F EB SAF F E C B A C 7F F E E E EF F E F C 3F F F O

F F F O

F F F O EAF F F l 0043 R

FFF3 FOOO

FFF5 30 36 2F 30 31 2F38 33

F F F D F F

FFFE F D

FFFF

--------------------_______________L____-------

, EASE OF USE REVECTOR ROUTINE - CALLED THROUGH, I N 1 I B H U H E N C A S S E T T E B A S I C IS IN VOKED ( NO D IS KE T T E, NO CARTRIDGES), KEYBOARD VECTOR IS RESET TO POINT TO "NEU-INT-9", BASIC VEC T O R IS SET T O PO IN T T O F600 0................................................~ASJNT PROC FAR

ASSUME OS ABS0SUB AX,AXMOV OS,AX ,SE T ADDRESS INGMOV UORO PTR INT_PTR +4,0FFSE T NEU-INT-9MOV BASIC-PTR,AX SET I N T 18=F600 0

MOV BASIC-PTR+P, OF6ObHI N T IBH , GO T O B A S I C

BAS-ENT ENDP_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ r _ _ - _ _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

I N I T I A L I Z E T I M ER S UB RO UT IN E - ASSUMES BOTH THE LSB AND MSB

O F TH E T I M E R U l L L B E U SE D, C AL L IN G PAR AMET ER S

( A H ) = T I M E R 8( A L ) = B I T P A TT ER N O F I N I T I A L I Z A T I O N UORD( E X ) = I N I T I A L C O U N T

(BH) = MSB COUNT( E L ) = LSB COUNT

, AL T ER S R EG IST E R S O X AN D AL

INIT -T IM ER PROC NEAR

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

OUT TIM-CTL,AL , O U TPU T I N I T I A L CO NT RO L U OR DMOV D X,T IMER , BASE PORT ADDR FOR T IMERSADO DL,AH , ADD I N T HE T I M E R IMOV AL,BL , L O A D L S BOUT DX,AL

PUSH OX , PAUSEPOP OXMOV AL,BH , L O A 0 MSBOUT DX,ALR ET

IN IT - T IMER EN D P

____________________------------POUER ON RESET VECTOR

ORG OFFFOH

_________________-__-- - - - - - - - - - -

,----- POUER ON RESET

OB OEAHDU OFFSET RESETDU OFOOOH

OB '06f01183'

OB OFFH

OB OFOH

OB O F F H

ENDkODE ENDS

; J U MP F AR

; RELEASE MARKER

; F I L L E R

; S Y S T E M I D E N T I F I E R

; CHECKSUM

8/12/2019 jrtech


8/12/2019 jrtech


Appendix B.LOGIC DIAG RA M S

Program Cartridge ........................ B-20 Power Supply Board ....................... B-23

64KB Memory and Display Expansion ........Color Display ............................ B-29 Diskette Drive Adapter ..................... B-30 Internal Modem .......................... B-36

Parallel Printer Attachment ................. B-37 Infra-Red Receiver Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-42 Graphics Printer .......................... B-43 Compact Printer .......................... B-47

B-25

Logic Diagrams B-1

8/12/2019 jrtech


Notes:

8/12/2019 jrtech


1 1 1 0 8 7 b 5 4 3 2

UJ I 1

1 1 10 9 8 7 b 5 4 3 2

System Board (Sheet 1 of 17)

System Board B-3

8/12/2019 jrtech


b 5 4 3 I 21 1 0 9 8 1

nUJ0.a.1 8 - l a

DC 1 - 0 . 2 1 A#

-I A1

l bon I - 0 . 2 l

OR 1 - 0 . 2 p = jznrs

I 1

LS2'15

A 0 -K 1 - C O 2 1

x 1 1et 1 - C . 2 1 -l

4 l b ,8 V 1 -C.2 I O2

CA I - C I P I f 15

cs I-C.2 Ib I*

cn t - C O P 11 1 5

cs 1 - c o t 1I 12

t T 1-612

1 1 I 1 0 9 8 1 b I 5 4 3 I 2

System Board (Sheet 2 o f 17)

B-4 System Board

8/12/2019 jrtech


1 1 10 9 8 J b 5 4 3 2

L S 1 5 1

TU 18-Fa2 1 1ART p6

'18 1 V -

'L T 5 - F 0 2 1 . 2 A R A 1 I H S 5-611

I H T 5 - F l t

I MU 5 - f 1 1

I H V 5 - 011RD 1-E 03 I ; ' . 2 8 2 V 4

cpu ''*'

R A '

- 3 A

-3 8 3 V -

- 4 A

- 4 0 4 V -I J A q - 3 1 1U15

- R 4 'I J0 * - A 1 1

6C 2-F a2

HA 2-E82

TU 1.-682

TV 18-Fez

CF Z-FIZ

HC 2 - D O 2

CY 2 - F 0 2

A


System Board B-5

8/12/2019 jrtech


1 1 10 9 8 J b 5 4 3 2

r L 2 - c 1 31 x D i

FC 2 4 0 3 I

FB 2 - C I J I

'D

'OsI ,

WE

VCC CN

.bl UF.v '

N J l - K02 I ~ o e

NV 1 - J 0 2 1 ' ~ 02

I'

Ne l - K 0 2 I D lD

PA l - J B 2 I . DJ

PF l - J 0 2 I 04IS .D'

AD (-Fa2 I

J A J - J e 2 I

CLK . CLKMsvNc I N

MZ 3 - J e 2 1

eC 1 - 003 I ~

I O UL I D R

.( 1 4 0 3

PIX 3 - J l 2 I

MW J - J 0 2 1

VfvNC

''cN

'

VERT IN

' l o w ,

DE

CURSOR

LM 5-J12 MEM CfVIDEO R A M CS 3

MV b-G.2 I1 "O Cf -

I I O CS

KL S-Ell

KM 5-Ell

KN 5 - E l l

I I L T M

__c CLR1

Z C C C N D

+5v

I1 4 11 - u t 1- D l l

AMEMvcI 14LSS.

2


B-6 System Board

8/12/2019 jrtech


1 1

24SIO

I5A1 I

10 9 8 J b 5 4 3 2

I -VIDEO RAM CSLM 4 - c l ,d A b DO\

IJJ 1 - 682 I

I I IZ l.-F.21cpu p6 2

.V 1-F.21' * I b

L S I 5 1

. I A

3HS 3-K.21 A 0 DO 18 I Y . I LR s - 81 I

CPU A 1 4L S S l 4 '

@

0 1 . 2A'@

D2 I '

I 4

, D3

D4

D5 - l5

DbI b

D l I

UT 3 - K e 2 l A 1

NU 3-KO2 A2

KE 4-F.2 I A 3

I LS 3 - A 1 ICPU A 1 5

.28 2,-I

I R A 2

lP CPU A l b

A

38 JV I T 1 - K I

Z I l l

- 4 1

-48 4v-

LI

SEL

1 - G

c G A 3

13Z I l .

KJ 4 - €02

AI LTH

II V J-K.2 I 6ND

I 2J

I II

4.C 4 4 . 2 b

I I 1K8 4-f.2 I

KA 4-F.2

J2 4 4 8 2

JY 4-f S2

JX *-F 2

JW 4 - F l l

LJ 4-A.2

.U 1-C.J

F I 2-5.3

r* 2-50>

FC 2-6.J

CY 2-6.3

su 2-I.>

E 2

CL 2 - I D J

CC 2-1(11

II

*V l DCO ME IR


System Board B-7

8/12/2019 jrtech


b 5 41 10 9

l,-n,2-LPEN INPUT

L f sm

I+LPEM LTR

i 4 F wi iRE 1-E.2 I A V 1

'

Rn 1-€02 I T I 8 Vb

z A 1

3 2

as;n52i

VCC CND

-C A R D SLCTD n*

1 2 - F l l

1 2 - F l l

1 2 - C l l

12-Fll

1 2 4 1 1

1 2 - E l l

I -Dll

12-011

System Board (Sheet 6 of 17)I

B-8 System Board

8/12/2019 jrtech


1 1 1 0 9 8 1 b 5 4 3

3

5

b

1

a

P

’

B L 1 - C 0 2 I 2

BW I - c a 2 I O2

CE I-C.21 D3

cn 1 - c a 2 1 O4

BR l - C B 2 I ”

CN I-CB2 I Os

CT t -8 9 2 1

cv 1-802 I O1 .- -

I I I <*a. I I

ZD 0LS24S

r : Y $-Ellr: e $31

G V E l l< E i - 6 1 1

rl € lr6

1 1 Z D l -1b Z D Z -15 203 -

4 N t l I l - H l 1 4 N L - G I 1 4 N K E- J 1 1

4 N f I m - H I l h N f P- GI1 4 N R E- J 1 1

4 N Y 1 l- J1 1 k N X 1 - G I 1 4 N W E -J 11

4 P D I 1 - J I 1 4 D C -61? 4 P 6 a - J l 1

A 8 - 1 0

I* Z D * -13

12

4 P J 1 0- Jl l 4 D H 9 -F I l b P G # - U t 1

zD s C PK 3-F I I

‘” 4 P0 3 - f I

zD’ : PU 3-G l I

4 P N 1 0 - J l l 4 D M 1 - F I l 4 P L a - l i l l

4 P T 1 0 - J 1 1 4 P S 1 - F I 1 h P R 8 - U I 1‘-4’ 11

~ P Xe - ~ t i P U- F I ~ P V-nil

D I I

b-nB2 -iin ON C*RO

7

5 I \ b

4

DD i - n e 2 1 ’*“

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ED I - D #2b - ‘ O R

4AV 1 - E B 2 k - I D w ‘ b -

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- Z I O R

4 0 P -E11 4 P N 1 - U l l h 4 M - G I 1 4 Q J 3-G11 4 . K 4-C1l d Q L - J l 1

CC GND

I 8AV l - E B Z P HLDA

BA 1-00211

15

13

BH 1-082 I

NN 1-G#21 A”

I1I( 4-Ce2 1

*lV

12

3 -xMEMR

5

1

XHLDA : . I S - E l l

;Iv-5E : ;I; -011c I w 4 - 6 1 1

;IF g I e ; 1+VERT O U T D R I V E -824


1 I --- ’

AR 1-602

AS 1-602 ’*I3

AT (-Ea2 P A ’ 2

GA 2-F02 ”’8

I1

System Board B-9

*” ;f D 2 - C 10 I 3 - t l l

1b A l l

”

14

12

3

4 T W d l 1

‘”: R Y b - H 1 1

1s

3

11

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GV 2 4 1 5 I “’A f I - f B 2 I RESET

cc I - M # 2 I

I Z A 1

4sa r e - H I I .4P A 3

4 D , , - PI , ;Isc- E 1 ’XR ESC T

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Printer Attachment B-37

8/12/2019 jrtech


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APPENDIX C: CH AR AC TE RS,KEYSTROKES, AND COLOR

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Color/Graphics

As Characters Text Att ribu tes

Characters, Keystrokes, and Color C-3

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C-4 Characters, Keystrokes, and Color

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~~ ~ ~~

Color/Graphics

As Characters Text Attributes

* * * *

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8/12/2019 jrtech


IalueIColor/Graphics

As Characters I Text Attributes

1 A l t 215 ( No te 6 I Magenta I Light Grey

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C-8 Characters, Keystrokes, and Color

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Color/Graphics

FD 253 2 Alt 253 Note 6 White Light Magenta

FE 254 H Alt 254 Note 6 White Yellow

FF 255 B L A N K Alt 255 Note6 White White

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Character Set (80-FF) Quick Reference

12t

8

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9-EO I 0

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8/12/2019 jrtech


Appendix D. UNIT SPECIFICATIONS

System Unit

Size:

Length 354 mm (13 .9 in.)Depth 290 mm (1 1.4 in.)Height 97 mm (3.8 in.)

Weight:

3.71 K g (81b 402)2.61 Kg (51b802)

Transformer:

Electrical:Input

Output to System

With Diskette DriveWithout Diskette Drive

1 1 0 Vac 60 HzPin 1 - 17 Vac, Pin 2 - GND, Pin 3 -17 Vac

Power Cords:Input Length 1.86 meters (6.1 4 feet)Type 18 AWG

Output Length 1.22 meters (4 .02 feet)Type 18 AWG

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Environment:

Air TemperatureSystem O NSystem Of€

HumiditySystem On 8% to 80

System Off 8 YO o 80%

NoiseLevel 45dB

15.6 to 32.2 degrees C (60 to 90 degrees F)10 to 43 degrees C (50 to 110 degrees F)

Cordless Keyboard

Size:

Length 341.5 mm (13.45 in.)

Depth 168 mm (6.61 in.)

Height 26 mm (1.02in.)

Weight:

With BatteriesWithout Batteries

616 grams (22 ounces)

700 grams (25 ounces)

Optional Cable:

6 feet, flat

Diskette Drive

D-2 Unit Specifications

8/12/2019 jrtech


Size:

Height 41.6 mm (1.6 in.)

Depth 146 mm (5.8 in.)

Width 208 mm (8.3 in.)

Weight:

1.1 kilograms (2.2pounds)

Diskette Drive

Power:

Voltage +5 Vdc Input + 1 2 Vdc InputNominal +5Vdc +12 Vdc

Ripple

+5 Vdc Input + 1 2 Vdc Input

0 to 50 kHz 100 mV 100 mV

Tolerance

+5 Vdc Input +12 Vdc InputIncluding Ripple +/- 5 % +/- 5

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Standby Current

+5 Vdc Input +12 Vdc Input

Nominal 600 m A 400 m A

Worst Case 700mA 500 mA

Operating Current

+5 Vdc Input +12 Vdc Input

Nominal 600 mA 900 mAWorst Case 700 mA 2400 m A

Mechanical and Electrical

Media

Media Life (Head Loaded)

Media Life (Insertions)

Tracks Density 48 tracks/inch

Number of Tracks 40

Motor Start Time 500 ms

Instantaneous Speed Variation

Rotational Speed 300 rpm +/- 1.5% (long term)Nominal Transfer Rate (MFM)

250,000 pulses/second

MTBF (25 YOOperating) 8,000 POH

Read Bit Shift +/- 800 ns maximum

Seek Time 6 ms track-to-track maximum

Head Life 20,000 hours (normal use)

Head Load Time Not Applicable

Head Settling Time 21 ms maximum (from last step pulse)

Error Rate

Industry-compatible 5 1 4 inch

diskette

3,000,000 revolutions/track

30,000

+/- 3.0%

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Soft Error 1 per 1,000,000,000

bits maximum

(recoverable within

10 retries)

1,000,000,000,000

bits maximum

(nonrecoverable

within 10 retries)

Access Error 1per 3,000,000

seeks maximum

Hard Error 1per

Temperature (Exclusive of media)

Operating 5 0 to 122 degrees F(10 to 44 degrees

C )

F (-40 to 60 degrees

C )

Non-operating -40 to 140 degrees

Relative Humidity (Exclusive of media)

Operating 20 to 80%

Non-operating 5 to 95%

7,000 feet above sea level

(noncondensing)

(noncondensing)

Operating Altitude

Operating Vibration 5 to500Hz 11G

Color Display

Size:

Height 297 mm (11.7 in.)

Depth 407 mm (15.6 in.)Width 392 mm (15.4 in.)

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Weight:

1 1.8 kilograms (26 pounds)

Heat Output:

240 BTU/hour

Power Cables:

Length 1.83 meters (6 feet)

Size 22 AWG

Graphics PrinterSize:

Height 110 mm (4.3 in.)

Depth 370 mm (14.5 in.)

Width 400 mm (15.7 in.)

Weight:

5.9 kilograms (1 2.9 pounds)

Heat Output:

341 BTU/hour

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Power Cable:


Size 18 AWG

Signal Cable:


Size 22 AWG

Electrical:

Minimum 104Vac

Nominal 120Vac

Maximum 127Vac

Internal Modem

Power:

Parameter + 5 Vdc Voltage + 12 Vdc VoltageTolerance +/- 5% +/- 10%

Ripple 50 mV, P-P 50 mV, P-P

Maximum Current 300 mA 50 mA

CurrentNominal 150 mA 25 mA

Interface

RS232C

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Compact Printer

Size:

Height 88.9 m m (3.5 in)

Depth 221 m m (8.7 in)Width 312.4 m m (12.3 in)

Weight:

2.99 kg 6.6 lb)

Heat Output:

54.6 Btu/hr

Power Cable:

Length 1.89 m m (6 ft)

Size 28 AWG

Signal Cable:

Length 1.89 m (6 ft)

Size 3 by 18 A W G

Electrical:

Voltage 110 Vac 60 Hz

8/12/2019 jrtech


Glossary

p Microsecond.

adapter. An auxiliary system or

unit used to extend the

operation of another system.

addressbus. One or more

conductors used to carry the

binary-coded address from the

microprocessor throughout the

rest of the system.

all pointsaddressable (APA). A

mode in which all points on a

including panty check), used

for information interchange

among data processing systems,

data communication systems

and associated equipment. The

ASCII set consists of control

characters and graphic

characters.

A/N. Alphanumeric.

d o g . (1) pertaining to data

in the form of continuously

variable physical quantities.displayable image can be

controlled by the user.

alphanumeric(A/N). Pertaining to a

character set that contains

letters, digits, and usually othercharacters, such as punctuation

marks. Synonymous with

alphameric. statement is false.

(2)Contrast with digital.

AND. A logic operator having

the property that if P s a

statement, Q is a statement, R

is a statement,..., then the ANDof P,Q, R,..s true if all

statements are true, false if any

APA. ll points addressable.

American Standard Code forInformation ASCII. American Standard

Interchange. (ASCII) The

standard code, using a coded

character set consisting of 7-bit

coded characters (8 bits

Code for Information

Interchange.

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assembler. A computer

program used to assemble.

Synonymous with assembly

program.

asynchronouscommunications. A

communication mode in which

each single byte of data is

synchronized, usually by the

addition of start/stop bits.

BASIC. Beginner’s all-purpose

symbolic instruction code.

basic input/output system(BIOS). Provides the device

level control of the major 1/0

devices in a computer system,

which provides an operational

interface to the system and

relieves the programmer from

concern over hardware device

characteristics.

baud. ( 1 ) A unit of signalingspeed equal to the number of

discrete conditions or signal

events per second. For

example, one baud equals

one-half dot cycle per second

in Morse code, one bit per

second in a train of binary

signals, and one 3-bit value persecond in a train of signals each

of which can assume one of

eight different states. (2) In

asynchronous transmission, the

unit of modulation rate

corresponding to one unit of

interval per second; that is , f

the duration of the unit interval

is 20 milliseconds, the

modulation rate is 50 baud.

BCC. Block-check character.

beginner’s all-purpose symbolicinstruction. code (BASIC) Aprogramming language with a

small repertoire of commands

and a simple syntax, primarily

designed for numerical

application.

binary. ( 1 ) Pertaining to a

selection, choice, or condition

that has two possible values or

states. (2) Pertaining to a fixedradix numeration system having

a radix of two.

binary digit. ( 1 ) In binarynotation, either of the

characters 0 or 1. (2)

Synonymous with bit. binary

notation: Any notation that

uses two different characters,

usually the binary digits 0 and

1.

BIOS. Basic input/output

system.

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bit. In binary notation, either

of the characters 0 or 1.

bits per second (bps). A unit of

measurement representing the

number of discrete binary digitswhich can be transmitted by a

device in one second.

block-check character

(BCC). In cyclic redundancy

checking, a character that is

transmitted by the sender aftereach message block and is

compared with a block-check

character computed by the

receiver to determine if the

transmission was successful.

Boolean operation. (1 ) Any

operation in which each of the

operands and the result take

one of two values. (2) An

operation that follows the rules

of Boolean algebra.

bootstrap. A technique or

device designed to bring itself

into a desired state by means of

its own action; that is, a

machine routine whose first

few instructions are sufficient

to bring the rest of itself intothe computer from an input

device.

buffer. (1) An area of storage

that is temporarily reserved for

use in performing an

input/output operation, into

which data is read or from

which data is written.Synonymous with 1/0 area.

(2) A portion of storage for

temporarily holding input or

output data.

bus. One or more conductors

used for transmitting signals orpower.

byte. (1 ) A binary character

operated upon as a unit and

usually shorter than a computer

word. (2) The representation of

a character.

CAS. Column address strobe.

cathode ray tube (CRT). A

vacuum tube display in which a

beam of electrons can becontrolled to form

alphanumeric characters or

symbols on a luminescent

screen, for example by use of a

dot matrix.

cathode ray tube display (CRTdisplay). (1) A device that

presents data in visual form by

means of controlled electron

bps. Bits per second.

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beams. 2) The data display

produced by the device as in

(1 ) .

computer program in a

symbolic form that can be

accepted by a data processor.

column address strobe(CAS). A

signal that latches the column

addresses in a memory chip.

CCIIT. Comite Consultatif

International Telegrafique et

Telephonique.

Comite ConsultatifInternational. Telegrafique et

Teleponique (CCI")

Consultative Committee onInternational Telegraphy and

central processing unit(CPU). A functional unit that

consists of one or moreprocessors and all or part of

internal storage. Telephone.

channel. A path along which

signals can be sent; for

example, data channel or 1/0channel. computation, including

characters per second (cps). A

standard unit of measurement

for printer output.

computer. A functional unit

that can perform substantial

numerous arithmeticoperations, or logic operations,

without intervention by a

human operator during the run.

code. (1) A set of unambiguous

rules specifying the manner in

which data may be representedin a discrete form.

Synonymous with coding

scheme. (2) A set of items,

such as abbreviations,

representing the members of

another set. (3) Loosely, one or

more computer programs, or

part of a computer program.(4) To represent data or a

configuration. (1) The

arrangement of a computer

system or network as definedby the nature, number, and the

chief characteristicsof its

functional units. More

specifically, the term

configuration may refer to a

hardware configuration or a

software configuration. (2) The

devices and programs thatmake up a system, subsystem,

or network.

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conjunction. (1) The Booleanoperation whose result has the

Boolean value 1 if, and only if,

each operand has the Boolean

value 1. (2) Synonymous with

AND operation.

contiguous. (1) Touching or

joining at the edge or

boundary. (2) Adjacent.

CPS. Characters per second.

CPU. Central processing unit.

CRC. Cyclic redundancy

check.

CRT display. Cathode ray tube

display.

CTS. Clear to send.

Associated with modem

control.

distance from the axis about

which the disk rotates. (2) The

tracks of a disk storage device

that can be accessed without

repositioning the access

mechanism.

daisy-chained cable. A type of

cable that has two or more

connectors attached in series.

data. (1) A representation offacts, concepts, or instructions

in a formalized manner suitable

for communication,

interpretation, or processing by

humans or automatic means.

2) Any representations, such

as characters or analog

quantities, to which meaning is,or might be assigned.

decibel (dB). (1) A unit that

expresses the ratio of two

power levels on a logarithmic

scale. (2) A unit for measuring

relative power. The number ofdecibels is ten times the

cyclic redundancy check(CRC). (1) A redundancy

check in which the check key is

generated by a cyclic algorithm.

(2) A system of error checking

performed at both the sending

and receiving station after a

block-check character has been

accumulated. of the ratio.

logarithm (base 10) of the ratio

of the measured power levels;

if the measured levels are

voltages (across the same or

equal resistance), the number

of decibels is 20 times the log

cylinder. (1) The set of all

tracks with the same nominal

decoupling capacitor. A

capacitor that provides a

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low-impedance path to ground

to prevent common coupling

between states of a circuit.

Deutsche IndustrieNorm(DIN). (1 ) German Industrial

Norm. (2) The committee that

sets German dimension

standards.

digit. (1) A graphic character

that represents an integer, for

example, one of the characters

0 to 9. (2) A symbol that

represents one of the

non-negative integers smaller

than the radix. For example, in

decimal notation, a digit is one

of the characters from 0 to 9.

digital. (1) Pertaining to data in

the form of digits. (2) Contrast

with analog.

direct memory access

(DMA). A method of

transferring data between main

storage and 1/0 devices that

does not require processor

intervention.

disk. Loosely, a magnetic disk

unit.

diskette. A thin, flexible

magnetic disk and a semi-rigid

protective jacket, in which the

disk is permanently enclosed.

Synonymous with flexible disk.

DMA. Direct memory access.

DSR. Data set ready.

Associated with modemcontrol.

DTR. Data terminal ready.


control.

DIN. Deutsche Industrie

Norm.

DIN Connector. One of the

connectors specified by the

DIN standardization

committee.

DIP. Dual in-line package.

dual in-line package (DIP). Awidely used container for an

integrated circuit. DIPSare

pins usually in two parallel

rows. These pins are spaced

1 10 inch apart and come in

different configurations ranging

from 14-pin to 40-pin

configurations.

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EBCDIC. Extended

binary-coded decimal

interchange code.

ECC. Error checking and

correction.

edge connector. A terminal

block with a number of

contacts attached to the edge

of a printed circuit board to

facilitate plugging into a

foundation circuit.

EM. Electronic Industries

Association.

EIA/CCHT. Electronic

IndustriesAssociation/Consultative

Committee on International

Telegraphy and Telephone.

end-of -text character

(Em).A transmission controlcharacter used to terminate

text.

end-of-transmission character

(EOT). A transmission control

character used to indicate the

conclusion of a transmission,

which may have included oneor more texts and any

assoceated message headings.

EOT. end-of-transmission

character.

EPROM. Erasable

programmable read-only

memory

erasable programmable

read-only. memory (EPROM)

A storage device whose

contents can be erased by

ultraviolet means and new

contents stored by electrical

means. EPROM information is

not destroyed when power is

removed.

error checking and correction

(ECC). The detection and

correction of all single-bit,double-bit, and some

multiple-bit errors.

ETX. End-of-text character.

extended binary-coded decimal

interchange code. (EBCDIC)

A set of 256 characters, each

represented by eight bits.

flexible disk. Synonym for

diskette.

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T i w a r e . Memory chips with

integrated programs already

incorporated on the chip.

gate. (1 ) A device or circuitthat has no output until it is

triggered into operation by one

or more enable signals, or until

an input signal exceeds a

predetermined threshold

amplitude. (2) A signal that

triggers the passage of other

signals through a circuit.

graphic. A symbol produced by

a process such as handwriting,

drawing, or printing.

Hz. Hertz.

interface. A device that alters

or converts actual electrical

signals between distinctdevices, programs, or systems.

k. An abbreviation for the

prefix kilo;that is, 1,000

decimal notation.

K. When referring to storage

capacity, 2 to the tenth power;

1,024 in decimal notation.

KB Kilobyte). 1,024 bytes.

hertz Hz). unit of frequency

equal to one cycle per second. k byte. 1,024 bytes.

hex. Abbreviation for

hexadecimal. to 1,000hertz.

kHz. A unit of frequency equal

hexadecimal (H ex). Pertaining

to a selection, choice, or

condition that has 16 possible

values or states. These values

or states usually contain 10

digits and 6 letters, A through

F/ Hexadecimal digits are

equivalent to a power of 16.

high-order position. The

leftmost position in a string ofcharacters.

kilo(k). One thousand.

latch. (1) A feedback loop insymmetrical digital circuits

used to maintain astate. (2) Asimple logic-circuit storage

element comprising two gates

as a unit.

LED. Light-emitting diode.

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light-emitting diode (LED).Asemi-conductor chip that gives

off visible or infrared light

when activated.

low-order position. Therightmost position in a string of

characters.

m. 1) M U , one thousand or

thousandth part. (2) Meter.

M (Mega). 1,000,000 in

decimal notation. When

referring to storage capacity, 2

to the twentieth power;

1,048,576 in decimal notation.

mega M). 10 to the sixth

power, 1,000,000 in decimal

notation. When referring to

storage capacity, 2 to the

twentieth power. 1,048,576 in

decimal notation.

megabyte (MB). 1,048,576

bytes.

megahertz (M Hz). A unit of

measure of frequency. One

megahertz equals 1,000,000

hertz.

MFM. Modified frequency

modulation.

MHz. Megahertz.

mA. Milliampere.

machine language. (1) Alanguage that is used directly

by a machine. (2) Another

term for computer instruction

code.

main storage. A storage device

in which the access time is

effectively independent of the

location of the data.

MB. Megabyte, 1,048,576

bytes.

microprocessor. An integrated

circuit that accepts coded

instructions for execution; the

instructions may be entered,

integrated, or stored internally.

microsecond. (ps) One-mil-

lionth of a second.

milli(m). One thousand or one

thousandth.

dliampere(mA). One

thousandth of *an mpere.

millisecond(ms). One

thousandth of a second.

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mnemonic. A symbol chosen to

assist the human memory; for

example, an abbreviation such

as “mpy” for “multiply.”

mode. (1) A method ofoperation; for example, the

binary mode, the interpretive

mode, the alphanumeric mode.

(2) The most frequent value in

the statistical sense.

modem(Modulator-Demodulator). A

device that converts serial (bit

by bit) digital signals from a

business machine (or data

terminal equipment) to analog

signals which are suitable for

transmission in a telephone

network. The inverse functionis also performed by the

modem on reception of analog

signals.

modified frequency modulation(MFM). The process of

varying the amplitude and

frequency of the “write”signal. MFM pertains to the

number of bytes of storage that

can be stored on the recording

media. The number of bytes is

twice the number contained in

the same unit area of recording

media at single density.

modulo check. ‘Acalculation

performed on values entered

into a system. This calculation

is designed to detect errors.

monitor. (1) A device thatobserves and verifies the

operation of a data processing

system and indicates any

specific departure from the

norm. (2) A television type

display, such as the IBM

Monochrome Display.

(3) Software or hardware that

observes, supervises, controls,

or verifies the operations of a

system.

ms. Millisecond; one

thousandth of a second.

multiplexer. A device capable

of distributing the events of an

interleaved sequence to the

respective activities.

NAND. A logic operator

having the property that if P isa statement, Q is a statement,

R is a statement, ... , hen the

NAND of P,Q,R,... s true if at

least one statement is false,

false if all statements are true.

nanosecond. (ns) One-billionth

of a second.

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nonconjunction. (1) The dyadic

Boolean operation the result of

which has the Boolean value 0

if, and only if, each operand

has the Boolean value 1.

non-return-to-zero inverted(NRZI). A transmission

encoding method in which the

data terminal equipment

changes the signal to the

opposite state to send a binary

0 and leaves it in the same state

to send a binary 1.

NOR. A logic operator having

the property that if P is a

statement, Q is a statement, R

is a statement, ..., hen the NORof P,Q,R,... s true if all

statements are false, false if at

least one statement is true.

NOT. A logical operator

having the property that if P is

a statement, then the NOT of Pis true if P is false, false if P is

true.

NRZI. Non-return-to-zero

inverted.

ns. Nanosecond; one-billionth

of a second.

operating system. Software that

controls the execution of

programs; an operating system

may provide services such as

resource allocation, scheduling,input/output control, and data

management.

OR. (1) A logic operator

having the property that if P is

a statement, Q is a statement,

R is a statement, ..., hen the

OR of P,Q,R,... s true if at least

one statement is true, false if all

statements are false.

output. Pertaining to a device,

process, or channel involved inan output process, or to the

data or states involved in an

output process.

output process. (1) The process

that consists of the delivery of

data from a data processingsystem, or from any part of it.

(2) The return of information

from a data processing system

to an end user, including the

translation of data from a

machine language to a language

that the end user can

under stand.

overcurrent. A current of

higher than specified strength.

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overvoltage. A voltage of

higher than specified value.

parallel. (1) Pertaining to theconcurrent or simultaneous

operation of two or more

devices, or to the concurrent

performance of two or more

activities. (2) Pertaining to the

concurrent or simultaneous

occurrence of two or more

related activities in multipledevices or channels.

(3) Pertaining to the

simultaneity of two or more

processes. (4) Pertaining to the

simultaneous processing of the

individual parts of a whole,

such as the bits of a character

and the characters of a word,

using separate facilities for the

various parts. (5) Contrast with

serial.

PEL. Picture element.

personal computer. A small

home or business computer

that has a processor and

keyboard and that can be

connected to a television or

some other monitor. Anoptional printer is usually

available.

picture element (PEL). (1) The

smallest displayable unit on a

display. (2) Synonymous with

pixel, PEL.

pinout. A diagram of

functioning pins on a pinboard.

pixel. Picture element.

polling. (1) Interrogation of

devices for purposes such as to

avoid contention, to determineoperational status, or to

determine readiness to send or

receive data. (2) The process

whereby stations are invited,

one at a time, to transmit.

port. An access point for data

entry or exit.

printed circuit board. A piece

of material, usually fiberglass,

that contains a layer of

conductive material, usually

metal. Miniature electronic

components on the fiberglasstransmit electronic signals

through the board by way of

the metal layers.

program. (1) A series of actions

designed to achieve a certain

result. (2) A series of

instructions telling the

computer how to handle a

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problem or task. (3) To design,

write, and test computer

programs.

programable read-only memory(PROM). Non-erasable

programable memory. PROM

information is not destroyed

when power is removed.

programming language. (1 ) An

artificial language establishedfor expressing computer

programs. (2) A set of

characters and rules, with

meanings assigned prior to their

use, for writing computer

programs.

PROM. Programmable

read-only memory.

propagation delay. The time

necessary for a signal to travel

from one point on a circuit toanother.

radix. (1) In a radix numeration

system, the positive integer by

which the weight of the digit

place is multiplied to obtain the

weight of the digit place with

the next higher weight; for

example, in the decimal

numeration system, the radix of

each digit place is 1.0.

(2) Another term for base.

radix numeration system. Apositional representation

system in which the ratio of the

weight of any one digit place to

the weight of the digit place

with the next lower weight is a

positive integer. The

permissible values of the

character in any digit place

range from zero to one less

than the radix of the digit

place.

U S . Row address strobe.

RGBI. Red-green-blue-intensity.

read-only memory (ROM). A

storage device whose contents

cannot be modified, except by

a particular user, or whenoperating under particular

conditions; for example, a

storage device in which writing

is prevented by a lockout.

read/write memory. A storage

device whose contents can be

modified.

red-green-blueintensity (RGBI).The description of a direct-drive

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color monitor which accepts

red, green, blue, and intensity

signal inputs.

register. (1) A storage device,having a specified storage

capacity such as a bit, a byte,

or a computer word, and

usually intended for a special

purpose. (2) On a calculator, a

storage device in which specific

data is stored.

RF modulator. The device used

to convert the composite video

signal to the antenna level input

of a home TV.

ROM. Read-only memory.

ROM/BIOS. The basic

input/output system resident in

ROM, which provides the

device level control of the

major 1/0 devices in the

computer system.

row address strobe (RAS). A

signal that latches the row

addresses in a memory chip.

RS-232C. The standards set

by the EIA for communications

between computers and

external equipment.

RTS. Request to send.


control.

run. A single continuous

performance of a computer

program or routine.

scan line. The use of a cathode

beam to test the cathode ray

tube of a display used with a

personal computer.

schematic. The description,

usually in diagram form, of the

logical and physical structure of

an entire data base according to

a conceptual model.

sector. That part of a track or

band on a magnetic drum, a

magnetic disk, or a disk pack

that can be accessed by the

magnetic heads in the course of

a predetermined rotational

displacement of the particulardevice.

serdes. Serializer/deserializer.

serial. (1) Pertaining to the

sequential performance of two

or more activities in a single

device. In Enghsh, the

modifiers serial and parallel

usually refer to devices, as

opposed to sequential and

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consecutive, which refer to

processes. (2) Pertaining to the

sequential or consecutive

occurrence of two or more

related activities in a single

device or channel.(3) Pertaining to the sequential

processing of the individual

parts of a whole, such as the

bits of a character or the

characters of a word, using the

same facilities for successive

parts. (4) Contrast withparallel.

sink. A device or circuit into

which current drains.

software. (1) Computer

programs, procedures, rules,

and possible associated

documentation concerned with

the operation of a data

processing system. (2) Contrast 1

with hardware.

source. The origin of a signal

or electrical energy.

source circuit. (1) Generator

circuit. 2) Control with sink.

SS. Start-stop transmission.

start bit. Synonym for start

signal.

start-of-text character

(STX). A transmission control

character that precedes a test

and may be used to terminate

the message heading.

star t signal. (1) A signal to areceiving mechanism to get

ready to receive data or

perform a function. (2)In a

start-stop system, a signal

preceding a character or block

that prepares the receivingdevice for the reception of the

code elements. Synonymous

with start bit.

start-stop (SS)

transmission.(1) A synchrmous

transmission such that a group

of signals representing a

character is preceded by a start

signal and followed by a stop

signal. (2) Asynchronous

transmission in which a group

of bits is preceded by a start bit

that prepares the receiving

mechanism for the receptionand registration of a character

and is followed by at least one

stop bit that enables the

receiving mechanism for the

reception and registration of a

character and is followed by at

least one stop bit that enablesthe receiving mechanism to

come to an idle condition

pending the reception of the

next character.

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stop bit. Synonym for stop

signal.

stop signal. (1) A signal to a

receiving mechanism to wait

for the next signal. (2)In astart-stop system, a signal

'following a character or block

that prepares the receiving

device for the reception of a

subsequent character or block.

Synonymous with stop bit.

strobe. (1) An instrument used

to determine the exact speed of

circular or cyclic movement.

(2) A flashing signal displaying

an exact event.

STX. Start-of-text character.

synchronous transmission. Data

transmission in which the

sending and receiving devices

are operating continuously at

the same frequency and are

maintained, by means of

correction, in a desired phase

relationship.

I

text. In ASCII and data

communication, a sequence of

characters treated as an entityif preceded and terminated by

one STX and one ETX

transmission control,

respectively.

track. The path or one of

the set of paths, parallel to thereference edge on a data

medium, associated with a

single reading or writing

component as the data medium

moves past the component.

(2) The portion of a moving

data medium such as a drum,

tape, or disk, that is accessible

to a given reading head

position.

transistor-transistor logic

('ITL). A circuit in which the

multiple-diode cluster of the

diode-transistor logic circuithas been replaced by a

multiple-emitter transistor.

TIZ. Transistor-transistor

logic.

TX Data. Transmit data.


control. External connections

of the RS-232C asynchronous

communications adapter

interface.

video. Computer data or

displayed on a cathode ray tube

monitor or display.

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write precompensation. Thevarying of the timing of thehead current from the outer

tracks to the inner tracks of thediskette to keep a constantwrite signal.

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Notes:

Glossary-18

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Bibliography

Intel Corporation. The 8086

Family User’s Manual This

manual introduces the 8086family of microcomputing

components and serves as a

reference in system design and

implementation.

Intel Corporation.

8086/8087/8088Macro

Assembly Reference Manual fo r8088/8085 Based Development’System This manual describes

the 8086/8087/8088 Macro

Assembly Language, and isintended for use by persons

who are familiar with assenbly

language.

Intel Corporation. ComponentData Catalog This book

describes Intel components and

their technecal specifications.

Motorola, Inc. The CompleteMicrocomputer Data Library.This book describes Motorola

components and their technical

specifications.

National Semiconductor

Corporation. I N S 8250

Asynchronous Communications

Element. This book documentsPhysical and operating

characteristics of the INS 8250.

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Notes:

Bibliography-2

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A

+A0 3-7,3-72 +A0 thru A3 3-20 A0 thru A07, memory signal 3-7A0 thru A 1 9 , I / O signal 2-23 A0 thru A14, program cartridge signal 2-1 14

A1 3-72A2 3-72 A9 3-21,3-72 -ACKNLG, graphics printer signal 3-1 13 adapter

adapter R O M module addresses, valid 5-18 adapter cable

See diskette drive adapter

for serial devices 3-89 connector specifications 3-90 signal cable 3-89

connector specifications 3-9 1

connector specifications 3-93

for cassette

for IBM color display

addresses

F D C (data register) 3-17 FDC (status register) 3-17 parallel printer attachments 5-13 R O M modules, valid 5-18 RS232-C attachments 5-1 3

advanced BASIC, system ROM 4-13ALE, 1 /0 signal 2-24 ANSWER, modem command 3-44

ASCII, extended 5-21 - A T R C D I N 3 - 9 ATRLATCH 3-7

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attachable joystickblock diagram 3-78 connector specifications 3-79 electrical centering control 3-77 free floating mode 3-77

spring return m ode3-77

x-axis 3-77 y-axis 3-77

AUDIO IN, 1 / 0 signal 2-28

available options 1-3 AUTO FEED XT 3-114

-BASE 1 ROM IN CARTRIDGE, program cartridge signal 2-1 15 -BASE 2 ROM IN CARTRIDGE, program cartridge signal 2-1 15 BASIC, cartridge 4-13 BASIC screen editor special functions 5 4 1 BASIC workspace variables 5-16

beeperBAUDCLK 3-73

block diagram 2-85input sources 2-85

BEL, graphics printer control code 3-1 17 BIOS

example, interrupt usage 5-5interrupt hex 10 4-17 interrupt hex 14 4-18

interrupt hex 16 4-15 interrupt hex 1D 4-1 7 memory map 5-17power-on initialization stack-area mem ory location 5-1 3 vectors list, interrup t 5-7 vectors with special meanings

interrupt hex 1B - keyboard b reak address 5-8interrupt hex 1C - timer tick 5-89

interrupt hex I D - video parameters 5-9 interrupt hex 1E - diskette parameters 5-9 interrupt hex 1F - graphics character pointers (2nd 128) 5-9 interrupt hex 44 - graphics character po inters ( I st 128) 5-9

Index-2

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interrupt hex 48 - cordless keyboard translation 5-10interrupt hex 49 - non-keyboard scan-code translation-table

address 5-10BIOS cassette logic

cassette read 549

cassette write 5-48 tape block components 5-50

tape block format 5-50 timing chart 549

data record architecture 5-50

error detection 5-51 software algorithms - interrupt hex 15 547

cassette status in A H 5 4 8 request types in register A H 547

block diagramsattachable joystick 3-78

beeper 2-85

cassette motor control 241

compact printer 3-I34 diskette drive adapter 3-14

infra-red receiver 2-98

keyboard interface 2- 106

memory and display expansion 3-6 modem 3-36

parallel printer attachment 3-97

read hardware 2-40

serial port (RS232) 2-127

sound subsystem 2-89

system 1-6 system board 2-9

video color/ graphics subsystem 246 write hardware 240

bootstrap stack-area memory location 5-13

break, cordless keyboard 5-34 BREAK, modem command 3-44

buffer, cordless keyboard 5-36

bus cycle time 2-13

BUSY, raphics printer signal 3-1 13

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cable, adapter

cable, keyboard

cable, power

cable, signal

See adapter cable

See keyboard cord

See power cable

See signal cable-CABLE CONNECT 2-101,3-87 CAN, compact printer control code 3-141 CAN, graphics printer control code 3-1 18

-CARD SLCTD, 1 / 0 signal 2-28 cartridge BASIC 4-13 cartridge, program

CAR TRIDG E RESET TAB, program cartridge signal 2-1 16

cassette BASIC, system ROM 4-12 cassette interface

-CARD INSTALL 3-73

See program cartridge

+CAS 3-8

block diagram, cassette motor controlblock diagram, read hardware 2-40 block diagram, write hardware 2 4 0 connector specifications 2 4 motor control 241 output to audio subsystem 2-39

cassette logic, BIOSSee BIOS cassette logc

character codes, cordless keyboard 5-27 character set, compact printer 3-148, 3-149 character set 1 3-128

description 3-109 character set 2 3-130

description 3-109 CLK, 1 / 0 signal 2-23 clock crystal frequency, system 2-6

color burst signal frequency 2-6 color displayconnector specifications 3-83 electrical requirements 3-81

horizontal drive frequency 3-82 operating characteristics 3-82

241

4-Index

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screen characteristics 3-82

video bandwidth 3-82

all points addressable graphics (APA) mode

color/ graphics

high-resolution 2-color 2-58

high-resolution 4-color 2-59

low-resolution 16-color 2-56medium-resolution 4-color 2-57

medium-resolution 16-color 2-58

modes available 2-56

screen border colors 2-45

storage organization memory map 2-61

attribute byte definition 2-55

attributes 2-43 display character format 2-54

block diagram 2-46

character size and description 2-43

characters available 244

composite connector specifications 2-83

CRT page register 2-47 CRT/ processor page register

CRT page 0 thru 2 2-79 processor page 0 thru 2 2-79 video adr mode 0 and 1 2-80

direct drive connector specifications 2-82

four-color mode palette 2-50

light pen connector specifications 2-75

memorymap 2-48

mode selection summary 2-81

page register 2-47

programming considerations

register table 2-76

alphanumeric(A/N) mode

sequence for changing modes 2-81

6845 CRT controller 2-75

R F connector specifications 2-83

ROM character generator 2 4 , 2 4 9

sixteen-color mode palette 2-52

storage organization

accessing the RAM 2-47

RAM address 247

summary of available colors 2-53 two-color mode palette 2-50

video bandwidth 2-49

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video gate arrayaddress register 2-74 border color register bit functions 2-66 mode control 1 register bit functions 2-64 mode control 2 register bit functions 2-66

attribute byte definition 2-67

mode selection sum mary 2-81palette mask register bit functions 2-65 palette registers 2-7 1

register addresses 2-63 reset register bit functions 2-69 sequence for chang ing modes 2-81 status register bit functions 2-73 vertical retrace interrup t 2-82

format 2-71

video I /0 devices and addresses6845 CRT 2-45,2-47,2-75

register table 2-76 comm and character, modem 3-40 commonly used functions, cordless keyboard 5-38 compact printer

block diagram 3-134 character set 3-148, 3-149

connector specifications 3- 150 control codes 3-140 thru 3-141 thru 3-147 description 3-1 33 print mode combinations, allowable 3-140 serial interface

description 3- 139 timing diagram 3-139

signal cable 3-133 specifications, general 3- 135 thru 3- 138

black and white monochrome display 4-18 color graphics capability differences 4-15 color modes available only on PCjr 4-16 comparison, PCjr to Personal Comp uters hardware 4-10 non-D M A operation considerations 4-19screen buffer differences 4- 12 software determination of the com puter 4-19timing dependencies 4-5 unequal configurations 4-7 user available read / write memory 4-12 video hard ware address difference 4- 16

compatibility to Personal Com puters

6-Index

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complex sound generator

See SN76496N

See sound subsystem

connector for television

channel selector switch 3-85

computer/ television selector switch 3-85

connector specifications 3-86

signal cable 3-85

connector locations, system board 2-10

connector specifications

adapter cable for cassette 3-91

adapter cable for color display 3-93

adapter cable for serial devices 3-89

attachable joystick 3-79

audio 2-87 cassette (system board) 2-41

color display 3-83

compact printer 3-150

composite video (system board) 2-83

connector for television 3-85

direct drive (system board) 2-82

diskette drive 3-29

diskette drive adapter 3-25 games interface (system board) 2- 123

graphics printer 3-1 15

infra-red receiver (system board) 2-100

1 / 0 expansion 2-22

keyboard cord 3-88

light pen (system board) 2-75

memory and display expansion 3-10

modem 3-75 parallel printer attachment 3-104

power board 2-136

program cartridge 2- 117

RF modulator (system board) 2-83

system board 2-10

control codes, compact printer 3-140 thru 3-147

control codes, graphics printer 3-1 16 thru 3-122

control latch, parallel printer attachment 3-101 controller, floppy disk (FDC) 3-16

cordless keyboard

BASIC screen editor special functions 5-41

battery power 2-102

buffer 5-36

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-CABLE CONNECT signal 2-101 charac ter codes 5-27 commonly used functions 5-38

.data format 2-104 da ta path 2-102 disabling the infra-red circuits 2-101, 2-103

DOS special functions 5 4 2 extended codes 5-30 function map, 83Lkey keyboard to cordless keyboardinterface block diagram 2-106 layout and keybutton numbering 5-22 parity bit 2-104 phantom - key detection 2- 103 scan-codes, matrix 5-23

shift keys combinations, allowable shift keys priorities 5-33shift states description 5-3 1

5-25

alt key 5-32 caps lock 5-33 ctrl key 5-32 shift key 5-32

break 5-34

enable/ disable keyboard click 5-36 function lock 5-35 functions 1 thru 10 5-35 other characteristics 5-36 pause 5-34 phantom-key scan-code (hex 55) 5-36 print screen 5-34 run diagnostics 5-36

screen adjustm ent 5-35 -

scroll lock 5-35 system reset 5-34 typematic suppression 5-36

special handling description

start bit 2-104 stop bit 2-104 transmission timing 2-105 transmitter, infra-red 2- 103 80C48, keyboard microprocessor 2- 103

COUNT, modem command 4 4 5 C P U D L Y 3-8 CPULATCH 3-9CR, compact printer con trol code 3-141

%Index

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CR, graphics printer con trol code 3-1 17 -CS2 thru -CS7, program cartridge signal 2-1 15 -CTS, modem 3-71

D

DO th ru D7 3-7, 3-73 DO thru D7, program cartridge signal 2-1 14 -DACK 0, I /0 signal 2-27

DATA 1 thru DAT A 8, graphics printer signal 3-1 13

da ta latch, parallel printer attachmentDC 2, compact printer con trol code 3-141 DC2, graphics printer con trol code 3-1 18 DC 4, com pact printer con trol code 3-141 DC4, graphics printer con trol cod e 3-1 18 DIAL, modem command 3 4 6 differences, PC jr to Personal Co mputer

addressing of internal modem 4-18

addressing of serial po rt 4-18black an d white monochrom e display 4- 18 color graphics capability differences 4-1 5 color modes available only on PC jr 4-16 compatibility of hardware 4-10 com patibility of configurations 4-7no n-D M A operation considerations 4-19 screen buffer 4- 12

software determ ination of the com puter 4- 19 timing dependencies 4-5user available read/ write mem ory 4-12 video hardw are address difference 4- 17

DACKO 3-21

3-99

-DIRECTION 3-23 -DISABL E CA S0 3-8 -DISABL E ED A TA 3-7diskette 3-3 1

-DISKETTE C A R D INSTALLED 3-20 -DISKET TE C S 3-21 diskette drive differences, PCjr to Personal Co mp uter 4- 13 diskette drive

connector specifications 3-29electrical requ irements 3-28 load lever 3-27

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media cooling fan 3-28 sensors 3-28

additional comments 3- 19 block diagram 3-14 connector specifications 3-25

digital output register (DOR) 3- 15 diskette drive constants 3-19 diskette drive interface signals 3-22 diskette format 3- 18 electrical requirements 3-24 floppy disk controller (FDC) 3-16 1 / 0channel interface signals 3-19 location 2-10

signal cable 3-13 watchdog timer (WDT) 3-16

diskette drive adapter

0 thru D7,I/O signal 2-24

DOS special functions 5-42 -DRIVE SELECT 3-22 DRQ 0 3-21 DRQ 0, 1/0signal 2-27 -DSR modem 3-72 DTMF (dial-tone modulated-frequency) 3-35

-DTR, modem 3-71

electrical centering control, joystick 3-77electrical requirements

color display 3-82compact printer 3-1 37 diskette drive 3-28 diskette drive adapter 3-24graphics printer 3-109

enable/ disable keyboard click 5-36 ESC control codes, compact printer 3-141 thru 3-146 ESC control codes, graphics printer 3-1 18 thru 3-127

extended ASCII 5-21 extended codes, cordless keyboard 5-31

10-Index

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F

FF, compact printer control code 3-146 FF, graphics printer control code 3-117FDC floppy disk controller)

See floppy -disk controllerfloppy disk 3-31floppy disk controller FDC) 3-16

commands 3- 18 functions not supported 3- 18 I/0 addresses 3- 17 power-up parameters settings 3-1 7

floppy disk drive FDD) 3-16

FORMAT, modem command 3-47 function lock, cordless keyboard 5-35 functions 1 thru 10, cordless keyboard 5-35

G

games interfaceblock diagram 2-120 connector specifications 2-123 digital input format 2-121 joystick input data 2-1 19 paddle input data 2-122 pushbutton inputs 2-122 resistance range 2-I2 1

resistive input format 2-121 resistive to digital input equation 2-1 19

GATE 3-9 graphics

graphics printerSee color/ graphics

character set 1 3-128 description 3- I09

character set 2 3-130 description 3- 109

control codes 3-1 16 thru 3-127 DIP switch settings 3-1 11 electrical requirements 3-109 environmental conditions 3-109

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interface timing d iagram 3-1 13 signal cable 3-107 signal pin assignments 3-1 15

signals, interface 3-1 13 thru 3-1 14 specifications 3-107

H

HA NG U P, modem command 3 4 8 hardware differences, PC jr to P ersonal Co mp uter 4-10

H L D A , 1 / 0 ignal 2-27

horizontal drive frequency, color display 3-82 -HRQ, I /0 signal 2-26

H T, com pact printer control code 3-146

HT, graphics printer control code 3-117

-HEAD SELECT 1 3-23

I

IBM Connector for TelevisionSee connec tor fo r television

IBM P C Compact PrinterSee compact printer

IBM PC jr Adapter C able for CassetteSee ada pter cable for cassette

IBM PC jr Adapter Cable for IBM Color Display

See adapter cable for IBM color displayIBM PC jr Adap ter Cable for Serial Devices

See adapte r cable for serial devicesIBM PC jr Attachable Joystick

See attachable joystickIBM PCjr Diskette Drive

See diskette driveIBM PC jr Diskette Drive Adapter

See diskette drive adapte rIBM PC jr Internal Modem

See internal modemIBM PCjr Parallel Printer Attachment

See parallel printer attachm ent

124ndex

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IBM PCjr 64KB Memory and Display ExpansionSee memory and display expansion

IBM Personal Com puter Graphics PrinterSee graphics printer

-INDEX 3-24 infra-red link

block diagram, receiver 2-98 connector specifications 2-100 functional description 2-97 programming considerations

parity errors 2-99 phase errors 2-99

receiver 2-97 trans mitt er 2- I03

test frequency 2-98 INITIALIZE, modem command 3-48 IO/-M, 1 / 0 signal 2-26 1/0channel

expansion connector specifications 2-22 1 / 0 read / write cycle times 2-21 map 2-29 memory read/write cycle times 2-21

port A 0 input description 2-36 port A0 output description 2-35 signals 2-23 thru 2-28

diskette drive adap ter 3-19 memory and display expansion 3-7 modem 3-70,3-73

See 6845 CRT controller

See 80C48See 8088

See INS8250ASee MCM6665ALl5See MK38000See TMM23256PSee TMS4164-15See 8253-5 programmable timer/ counter

See8255A

See 8259ASee 8284A clock chipSee SN76496N

integrated circuits

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internal modemaddress, memory location of 5-13 asynchronous com mu nications element 3-68 block diagram 3-36 command

arguments 3-41

com mand character 3-40 delimiter 3-4 1 format 3-40format guidelines 3-40

com mands 3-44 thru 3-58 connector specifications 3-75 dialing 3-60

status 3-60 default state 3-63 editing/ changing com mands 3-59 location 2-10loss of carrier 3-60 modes of operation 3-68 opposite com mands 3-60program ming examples 3-63 signals 3-70 sm art 103 modem 3-37

telephone com pany interface 3-74 transm itter/ receiver da ta format 3-70 8250A 3-68

description of registers 3-69-1OR 3-73 INS8250A 3-68 INS8250A -OUT 1, modem 3-71 IN T, graphics printer signal 3-1 14

interrupt controller, programmable

interrupt setup example 2- 16 interrupt usage exam ple 5-5

inte rrupt vector list 5-7 interrupts, hard ware

See 8259A

IRQ3 2-129+IRQ4 3-70 +IRQ6 3-20

+IRQ7 3-99 priority 2- 15 used by system board 2-6used by 1 / 0 channel 2-6

14-Index

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interrupts reserved for BIOS, DOS, and BASIC 5-14 -IOR, 1 / 0 signal 2-25 -1ow 3-73 -IOW, 1 / 0signal 2-25 IRQl, 1 /0signal 2-25 IRQ2,I/O signal 2-25

IRQ7,1/0 signal 2-25

J

joystick, attachableSee attachable joystick

K

keyboard

keyboard click, enable/ disable 5-36 keyboard cord

See cordless keyboard

-CABLE CONNECT 2-101,3-81 connector specifications 3-88

See 80C48

keyboard microprocessor

L

-LCG 3-9 LF, compact printer control code 3-146 LF, graphics printer control code 3-1 17 light pen 2-74 line spacing, graphics printer 3-108 load lever, diskette drive 3-27 location

DIP switches, graphics printerdiskette drive adapter 2-10 internal modem 2-10

memory and display expansion 2-10, 3-5

LONG RESPONSE, modem command 3-49

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mapsSee BIOS, memory mapSee cordless keyboard, function m apSee memory mapsSee scan-code mapSee system memory map

matrix scan-codes, cordless keyboard 5-23

MDO thru M D 7 3-7media cooling fan 3-28 M E M A0 thru A7 3-7 memory and display expansion

block diagram 3-6 configuration

connector specifications 3-10 EVEN memory space 3-5 location 2-10 modules used, type 3-5 O D D memory space 3-5

signals 3-7 memory maps

MCM6665AL15 2-17, 3-5

requirements 3-5

BIOS 5-17 BIOS, BA SIC, and D O S reserved interrupts 5-14 graphics st orage 2-6 1 mem ory address map 2-20 reserved memory locations 5- 15 system, memory allocated for 2-20

video color/ graphics subsystem 2-46

See memory and display expansionSee RAM

memory, 64K R A M

mem ory refresh 2-17 mem ory requirements 4- 12 mem ory, user available 4-12 - M E M R , 1 / 0 signal 2-25 - M E M W , 1 / 0 signal 2-26

microprocessor, keyboard

microprocessor, system

minimum mode, 8088 2-6

See 80C48

See 8088

16-Index

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MK38000 2-19 -MODEM CS/DISKETTE CS 3-72 MODEM, modem command 3-50 modem

See internal modem

+MODEM INTR 3-73

modified frequency modulation (M FM) 3- 13 modules

motor control, cassette 2-39 See integrated circuits

-MOTOR ENABLE 3-22

NNUL, compact printer control code 3-147

NEW, modem command 3-50 NMI (Non-Maskable Interrupt) 2-7 Noise Generator 2-93

Non-Keyboard Scan-code Architecture 5 4 2

NEC fPDP765 3-13

scan-code map 5 4 5 translate table format 5-44

translate table default values 5-44

ORIGINATE, modem command 3-50 -OUT 2, modem 3-71 options, available 1-3

P

PA0 thm PA7 2-31pause, cordless keyboard 5-34 parallel printer attachment

address, memory location of 5-13

block diagram 3-97

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connector specifications 3-104 control latch

reading from 3-101 writing to 3-101

format 3-100

reading from 3-99 writing to 3-99 printer control 3-101

+IRQ7 logic diagram 3-99 printer status signals descriptions 3-101

PBO thru PB7 2-31 thru 2-32 PCO thru PC7 2-33 thru 2-34PE, graphics printer signal 3-1 14 phantom-key detection 2- 103 phantom-key scan-code (hex 59, cordless keyboard 5-36PICKUP, modem command 3-51 port A0 input description 2-36port A0 output description 2-35 power-on initialization stack-area memory location 5-13 power cable

power supply

data latch

color diaplay 3-81

connector specifications 2-1 38 power available 2-135 power board

over-voltage over-current protection 2- 137 Vdc outputs 2-136

transformer 2-134 over-voltage over-current protection 2- 137 Vac input 2-135

Vac output 2-135 pulse dialing 3-35 print method, graphics printer 3-107 print modes, graphics printer 3-1 16 print screen, cordless keyboard 5-34 print sizes, graphics printer 3-108 print speed, graphics printer 3-107 printer

See compact printer

See graphics printerprinter status 3-101

18-Index

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program a rtr id geconnector specification 2-1 17 descrip tion 2- 107 mom entary reset land 2-1 16 RO M chip select table 2-114 R O M locations, cartridge 2-1 18

ROM mapping 2-107 signals 2-1 14 slot descrip tion 2-1 07 storage conventions

initial program loadable 2- 108 DO S conventions 2-1 10 cartridge BA SIC 2-1 11

type ROM modules used 2-107

programmable interrupt controllerSee 8259Aprogrammable timer/ counter, 8253-5 2-6

Q

QU ERY, modem command 3-52

RAM, 64K

address space mapped to 2-17 EVEN memory 2-17mem ory refresh 2-17O D D memory 2-17 parity 2-17 read/ write cycle times 2-21 speed 2-17 type modules used 2-17

6845 C R T controller 2- 17 +RAS 3-7-REA D DA TA 3-24 READY, 1 / 0 ignal 2-24 reserved interrupts, BIOS, DOS , nd BASIC 5-14 reserved memory locations 5-15

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RESET, 1 / 0 ignal 2-23

-RE SE T, modem 3-72 R ETR Y , modem com ma nd 3-53 -RI, modem 3-71 -RL SD , modem 3-72

R O M subsystem

-RESET 3-20

address space m appe d'to 2-19 memory map . 2-20read /write cycle times 2-21 type modules used 2-19

R O M module code accessed by system 5-18 R O M module addresses , valid 5-19 -RTS , modem 3-71 run diagnostics, cordless keyboard 5-36

S

scan-code map 5-45

scan-codescordless keyboard matrix 5-23 default non-keyboard 5 4 3

screen adjustment, cordless keyboard 5-35 scroll lock, cordless keyboard 5-35 serial port

address, memory location of 5- 13 block diagram 2-127 connector specifications 2-1 34 control signals 2- 129

diske tte operation s conflict 2-125 interface 2- I29 interrupt IR Q 3 2-129 modes of operation 2-128

1 / 0 decodes 2-128 ou tput signals 2- 131 ring indica te 2-130 use of the divisor-latch access-bit

voltage interchange levels 2- 130 8250A

2-128

accessible registersfeatures 2- 125 initialization program , sam ple 2- 134

2- 13 1

20-Index

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programmable baud rate generator 2-1 32. baud rate at 1.7895MHz 2-132 maximum operating frequency 2- I32 output frequency equation 2-1 32

SI, compact printer control code 3-147 SI, graphics printer control code 3-1 18

signal cableadapter cable for cassette 3-91 adapter cable for serial devices 3-89 diskette drive 3-13 color display 3-81 connector for television 3-85 graphics printer 3-107

SIN, modem 3-71

SLCT, graphics printer signal 3-1 14 smart 103 modern

SO, compact printer control code 3-147 SO, graphics printer control code 3-1 12 sound subsystem

See internal modem

block diagram 2-89 complex sound generator (SN76496N) 2-88

audio tone generator features 2-89 audio tone generator register address field 2-91 audio tone generator frequency 2-91

audio tone generator attenuator 2-92 audio tone generator noise generator 2-93 audio tone generator noise feedback control 2-93 control registers 2-90 interface 2-89

frequency generation 2-91

connector specifications 2-87 mpx (analog multiplexer) 2-87,2-94

data transfer 2-95output buffer amperage 2-95

signal description 2-87 signal destinations 2-87 sound sources 2-88 use of an external speaker 2-87

SOUT, modem 3-71 special-funct ons, cordless keyboard specific 4-14 special functions, cordless keyboard

BASIC screen editor 5-41special functions, DOS 542

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SP EE D , modem command 3-54

-STRO BE , graphics printer signal 3-1 13 system-accessible RO M-modules 5-18 system block diagram 1-6 system board

-STEP 3-22

block diagram 2-9clock crystal frequency 2-6connectors specifications an d locations 2-10interrupts used by system board 2-6 major com ponents list 2-8

size 2-5 subsystems list 2-6 8253-5 programm able timer/ coun ter 2-6

RAM,64K 2-17

system memory m ap 5-17 system microprocessor

system reset 5-34 See 8088

T

timers

timing dependencies, compatibility 4-5timing diagrams

timing, key board transmission 2- 105

timing using I/0 devices 4-5

timing using program execution speed 4-5

watchdog timer (W DT) 3-16

parallel printer interface 3-1 13

TMM23256P 2-19 TMS4164-15 2-17, 3-5-TRACK0 3-24 track 00 sensor 3-28 translate table form at, non-keyboard scan-code 5 4 3 transmitter, infra-red 2-103 TR AN SPA RE NT , modem command 3-55 typematic suppression 5-36

22-Index

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U

usage of BIOS 5-5

Documents

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