K 2007 M , () , . ( . ) (1). . K , , , , . -, ( Sd 3041).

K , , . . 1890 . . ,- 1859 . , 1864 , . . , (2,7) 1915 . , , , , , (3, 305-306) , . 1923

1953 . , , . , , . , , , , , , . , : 3 , , , , , , , ; . , . , , . , , , , , (4,54)

, , , , , , . , , , XVII , . , , , , 19 1859 . , . ( Sd 3041), 1859 15 1860 . 19 1859 , , , . : ; , , , 4 , .

, 1859 , , , - . , . 1860 , , . , 1878 , 1859 : 4 1859 . 1864 . (5, 6r). . 1909 (6,70), . , 1859 . 1859 , - . , - . 1932 , . . 1863 . 1865 () (7). . : , (8,33). 1864 . .. . , . , , . ( , 98). , , 19 1859 , . 1864 , (. . 1), (. . 2). , (. . 3 4). , XVII XX .

, XIX

5

. , , . . . , , - ! . : , 1859 - , .

1863 ( ) 1868 - (9, 40-41), . . 9 , . - (8, 32, ), 1859 . 6 , 1859 , , . , . . , , ( (1520-1574), . . , , 50- XVII . , , , , . , . - XVI . -, , . XVIII - ,

:

7

, , ! , , , : , , (10, 179).

, XVIII ., : , , (11,52).

, , - , . . , : 1193 , 8 -. , :, , , : , , .

: , , ( ), ( ); (12, 53). , ? , , 18- 19 . 2955: , (10, 299). 2955, . . - , . , , . . 2955. , , , .

. , . , , , , . . , , . , (13, 74-75). , , , , . . . , - . . 9 , , , , . . , . -, , . . , - - (1, 12). . . , - . , . , - (14,158). . . , . . . , , - , . , .

, , - (15, 59-63). . , . - , . , . , , , . 10 , , - ? , I (1123-1156 .) . . : , , , , . . . . . . , , . , (8,31 ). . , , 1752 (12,76-77). , - , . , , , 1650 . , 1650 . , . 1510 . , - (11, 326). - , 1513 , . , , -

. , , , . , : , , . , - , , . , , . - , 11 . , , - 1594 . : . . . . . . , , - . , (4941.) (5441.). . , , , (16). , 20- XVI (17, 226-235) - . : 1. . XIX (. , . , . , . .) 2. - , . ( XVI , ). , , : , XII , .

P.S. 1984-85 . , , , 1985 . . . . . , . . , . , , . , , . , , . , (1985, 60) 12 . . , , 1985 . 1985 . , . , , 16 , ( ). 1985 . , . . - . -. , , : , , . , . ***

, 2006 . ( 19 1859 )(18). , , , 19 , , , ,- , , . . , . , , , , - ! - 2006 . ( )(19) - . :

, , . , , , . , , 13 , . - , . 26, 1859 , 19 (19, 215216)

, : , , , , , , , , a . (19, 216)

, . . , , (1915 .), , 19 1859 . , . , . , . . , . K, 19 1859 ! , , - - , , , .

, 2007 , , ! , . , , , - ! . : 1859 , . , , 1864 , . . 14 . , . , . . , , , , (The icon was stolen in 1859, following a plunder of Gelati Monastery. Shortly after, a new icon (fig. p. 9), created in 1864 , was set in the triptich in place of the original icon. The date is indicated on the control stamp of the revetement. The lost icon war reconstructed by N. Kondakov who discovered enamel fragments with the face and hands of the Virgin in Botkins collection and identified them as parts of the icon of the Khakhuli Virgin. According to the assumption made by the Georgian art historians, G. Chubinashvili and R. Kenia, only the hands and the face were made in cloisonne enamel, while the remaining areas, i.e. the attire and background, were chased).(1, 26)

. :

. . , , . II, , 1915, p.306. , . , . , . , , (N. P. Kondakov, Ikonografiya Bogomateri (Iconogrphi of the Virgin), vol. 2,Petrograd, 1915, p.306. This assumption suggested by N. Kondakov was later shared by all researchers who studied the Khakhuli icon. Certain suspicions were expressed in recent publications, but they are not supported by sound arguments. The data provided in these articles might appear more useful for shedding light upon the history of the theft (T. Aldamidze, Khakhulis ghvtismshoblis khatis istoriisatvis (Concerning the history of the the Virgin, Telavi,

1999; M. Kezevadze, Khakhulis khatis gadzartvis saidumloeba (The secrecy of the Plunder of the Khakhuli icon) Plunder of Gelati Monastery on May 19, 1859, in: the Journal of the Gelati Academy of Sciences, 3, Kutaisi, 2006 )(1, 26).

, . ! , , , , , . , , - ! : 1. , . . , 15 . , . . , , ! 2. , , . , , XVII , , 19 1859 , , 1864 ., , . . , ! ! , . : , , . - , . , , . , , . , , . , . , , , . . (According to the Russian envoys, Metropolitan Zakaria said that the image of the Khakhuli Virgin must have been painted by St Luke tne Evangelist. Kondakov would be cognizant of this, but he still considered the icon to be enamelled. In Georgia, as well as in Bizantium, some icons of

the Virgin were often attributed to St Luke. In this case, the metropolitan most likely wished to increase the merit og the Khakhuli Virgin. The description of the rendering of the face end hands by Tolochanov is remarkable-they sre painted strangely. In any case, N. Kondakovs conclusin is that there is circumstantial evidene indicating that the wonder-working icin itself, mounted on this triptych, was enamelled. This conclusion sounds probable even to prezent day experts. Kondakov never doubted the Georgian origin of the icon) (1, 34).

. , . , - , , . 16 ! : , , "" - . . Aldamidze, op.cit, .6; . Kesevadze,. op.cit., p. 12. . - 10- (There is an opinion that Khakhuli icon of the Virgin can taken to be a split painted icon, which was later used for creating a new Russian icon see T. Aldamidze, op.cit., p.6; M. Kesevadze, op.cit., p. 12. We have carefully observed the icon)(1, 34).

. . . 6- ( 12-- ) . , , ! , . , , , ! ? , . ( ). . , .. - . . - .. , . , , ! . . - . ,

, , . ( 1985 ). , ,- , ! , . , . 17

7- . : () ?. , - , , , ! , , ! 8- . : - , -, . , , . ( 1878 , 1859 : 1859 . 1864 . (5,6 r). . 1909 (6,7), - - 1878 , 1859 1864 : ( , . .) 1859 . 1864 . (13,6r). . 1909 (27,7), ). , . . . . (. , . .) ,- . ,- , 1859 1864 ( 8,40). . : ( , ..) 1859 . , 1864 .(6, 7). : , , , , ? - , . . . , X ,.. ( ), ,.. 1859 (20,84). , - . 20

X 1859 . . . , . 1859 , , .( 1859 , , (8,35). (18. 04. 2007) . ?, , . . : . . , ( ). - . . ! , , . . , ! , , , 19 1859 , , , , , X . , ! , .. " " " : " 2006 , (, ). . ( ), . , 1859 , XII , , , , . ! . , , . , . 21

, , 19 1859 , , - , , . , , , , . , . . , . ., . ., , ! , , , . . .

1. The KHakhuli Triptykh, By LEILA 2. 3. 4.

5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

KHUSKIVADZE, TBILISI, 2007; ., , .,2007 . ., , ., 1890 ., . II, ., 1915 1650-1652 ., , , 1969; 1650-1652 . ( ), , , ., 1969 . 6466/1057 ., III , , 1909 ., , ., 1972. ( ). ., , ., 1972 ., , , 1907 22

10.

, . VI, 1953 ( ), . VI, ., 1953; ., , III, ..., 1848, . 179 11. ., , . II, ., 1897 12. ., , ., 1989 13. , . II, . , ., 1959 14. ., , , , , , 1928 15. ., -, - , , ., 1973 16. , 1861, #8; , 1879, #219 17. ., , . IV, ., 1967 18. ., ( 1859 19 )- , #3, , 2006 19. ., , , 2006 20. ., 1861 , , 1862

23