"- VAN DOANH . BANG VAN OAO

LE HA, HUNG-NGOXUAN THANH. NGUViN ANN TUAX Chu bien: Le Van Doanh

KY THUAT CHIEU SANG CHIEU SANG TIEN NGHI VA HIEU QUA NANG LUONG

I O.AI HOC QUOC GIA HA NQl TRUNG TAM THONG TIN THLf VIEN

v-J>^ / <^loU NHA XUAT BAN KHOA HOC VA KY THUAT

HA NOI - 2008

MIICLUC^_ _ _ _ ^ 5

MUG LUC • •

Trang Ldl GICII THIEU 3

Chucriig 1. NHUNG KHAI NIEM CO BAN VE ANH SANG 1 j

LI Lich sur phat trien ciia ky thuat chieu sang ^ 1 L2 Ban chat ciia anh sang ^ ^

L3 He thong thi giac ^^

1.3.1 M^t va eS'u tao ciia m^t ^-j

1.3.2 He thong quang hoc cua mat jg

L4 Cac dai Itfong do anh sang 22

1.4.1 Quang thong 22

1.4.2 Circmgdp sang 23

1.4.3 Dp rpi 25

1.4.4 Dp choi 27

1.4.5 Dp trutig 29

1.4.6 Dinh luat Lambert 29

L5 Cac dinh luat co ban ciia quang hinh hoc 31

1.5.1 Dinh luat phan xa va khiie xa anh sang 31

1.5.2 Sir hap thu anh sang 33

1.5.3 Sir phan xa anh sang 33

1.5.4 Sir khuc xa anh sang 35

1.5.5 Sir thau xa anh sang 36

Bditgp 37

1.6 Mot so tinh nang thi giac ^ 39

1.6.1 Kha nang phan biel cua mat 40

1.6.2 Sir ihich urng thi giac 41

1.6.3 Do tirang phan 1.6.4 Hien tuang choi loa

44 1.7 Mau cua nguon sang

1.7.1 Mau va sac ^. 44

1.7.2 Nhiet do mau ^c 1.7.3 Tac dong tam sinh ly cua mau s k ^^ 1.7.4 Chi s6 truyen dat mau 1.7.5 Anh sang mau '

KY THUAT^CHlEUSANr. 6 ^ ' ' ~

1 7 6 Tfnh chat ba mau 48

,•7 7 He thefng RGB 49 1.7.8 He thong XYZ va bieu d6 mau xy 50

1.8 Cac loai nguon sang 52

1.8.1 Ngu6n sang diem 52

1.8.2 Nguon sang ducmg '• 54

1.8.3 Nguon sang mat 55

1.9 Cac dung cu do anh sang 56

1.9.1 Do dp rpi 57

1.9.2 Do cuomg dp sang 58

1.9.3 Do phan bo cudng dp sang 58

1.9.4 Do quang thong 59

1.9.5 Do dp choi 61

1.9.6Dodotrung 63

1.9.7 Do phO nang lupng cua nguon sang 63

Phil liic anh minh hog chuong 1 (PLC.I) 64

Chuangl. DEN VA BO DEN 65

2.1 Cac phiromg phap tao ra anh sang 65 Bai tap yg

2.2 Nhirng dac di m chung ciia cac loai den 72 2.2.1 Phan loai bong den 72

2.2.2 Hieu qua nang lupng cua den 73

2.2.3 Sy duy tri quang thong 73

2.2.4 Tuoi thp cua den 73 2-2.5 Mau sac •75

2-3 Den sai dot -77

2-3-1 Su phat sang khi dot nPng Zv •• •2 Cau tao cua den... 77

2.3.3 Bong den 7g

23-^ Phan loai den sai"d6t 79

2 3 6 r ' ! ' " ' " ' '^^ ^^' biet... ^ SO

^ 3 : ^ ^ ; * - - - * - " ' " " ^ " ^ : : ^ ft,: ""•'^en 2 out lap , »

.83

MUC LUC

2.4 Den hu^'nh quang

2.4.1 Hien tirpng phong dien irong chat khi..... ^^ 2.4.2 Hien tirpng phong dien huynh quang ...'..... ^5 2.4.3 Cau tao cua den huynh quang 87

2.4.4 Cac thPng s6' cua den o'ng huynh quang........... ^^

2.4.5 Cac yeu to anh hirong den den huynh quang.......^.. ^ 2.4.6 Thiet bi mPi den ^^ 2.4.7 Den huynh quang tich hop (den compact) ^^ Bai tap ^^'

102 2.5 Cac den phong dien

, • 103 2.5.1 Den hai thuy ngan

^ 103 2.5.2 Den Halogen kim loai (Metal Halide) ^Q. 2.5.3 Den Sodium ap suat cao ,^.

2.5.4 Den Sodium ap suat thap 07 2.6 Cac nguon sang moi IO7

2.6.1 Den khong dien cue 107

2.6.2 Den Sulphur 108

2.6.3 Laser 109

2.6.4 LED Ill

2.6.5 NguPn tia tir ngoai 112

2.6.6 Pin quang dien 113 2.7 Bo den 1^

2.7.1 Chuc nang cua bp den ^^^ 2.7.2 Hieu sua't sang cua bo den ^^^

115 2.7.3 Ho duong cong trac quang 2.7.4 Dieu khien sir phan bo anh sang

2.7.5 Hieu suat va cap bp den

2.7.6 Lira chpn bp den j23 2.7.7 Kiem tra dp choi : j2o Phu luc dnh minh hog chumg 2 (PLC.2) ^ ^

C/iM-cr/jg i . CHIEU SANG Npl THAT j25

3.1 Chieu sang npi that cong trinh cong cong 25

3.1.1 Phan loai • 126 3.1.2 Cac du lieu chieu sang npi that 126 3.1.3 Chpn dp rpi ' 131 3.1.4 Chpn loai den '32 3.1.5 Chon kieu bp den

KY THUAT

3.1.6 Chc-.n plurcW phap chieu sang

3 1.7 Chon cap bo den r':"^"'^:"',:'" , 2 Phircmg phap t6 hop chieu s a n g va h .nh t h u c d e n

3.2.1 N g u 6 n s a n g An

3.2.2 Den tree 3.2.3 Den dai chim va lain

}.} Chieu sang tir nhien 3.3.1 Dac diem cua chieu sang tir nh ien

3.3.2 Yeu cau thiet ke chieu sang tirnhien

3.3.3 Do rpi mat ciiu

3.3.4 Dp roi nira tru

3.3.5 Chi so ro

3.4 Phirong phap don g ian hoa

3.4.1 Phan bo cac den

3.4.2 Hieu suat sang

3.4.3 He so suy g iam q u a n g t h o n g

3.4.4 Quang thong t6ng va cong sual den 3.4.5 Kiem tra dieu kien l ien nghi

3.4.6 Bang he so c6 ich

3.5 Nghe thuat chieu sang noi that

3.5.1 Tien nghi nhin

3.5.2 Kien triic anh sang npi that Bai tap

Phil luc dnh minh hga chirang 3 (PLC.3)

Chuang 4. CHIEU SANG D U ^ N G G I A O T H O N G

4.1 Khai niem v^ chung ch ieu sang c o n g c o n g

4.2 Bp den chieu sang ngoai that

4-2.1 D e n p h a

4.2.2 Chieu sang bang den pha

4.3 Chieu sang duimg g iao thong

4.3.1 Cac yeu cdu chung ve chieu sang d u o n g ^••^•^ l i e u rh i tun ^kiA-.. ^ . ^

135

136

137

137

137

.138

138

.138

.140

•141

• 143

.145

.145

.145

.148

.149

,.149

,.150

..151

..151

..152

..152

..153

..160

..164

..164

..165

..165

..157

,170

170

>eu chuan chieu sang d u a n g 1^

4J.3 Dp cao treo den i6i thidu 1? 4.4 Phuuny phap ty so R ..[80

4.4.iachbPiriden... l80 ^•^•^^cnghiengvado^u^n^u^din ZZ-^ ^•^•^Ouanh.ehieucaov.khoangc.ch: Z 183

MUC LUC

4.4.4 Chpn loai bp den ^

4.4.5 Chpn cong suat va loai den ^^^ 4.5 Phurorng phap dp choi diem ' "

4.5.1 Dp choi cua long duong '^^

4.5.2 Phan loai lop phu mat duang ^^^ 4.5.3 Ti'nh toan dp choi ^ "

4.6 Bai tap ve chieu sang dirdng " 190

4.7 Ifng dung phan mem DIALUX 197

Phil luc dnh minh hga chuang 4 (PLC.4) Chuang 5. CHIEU SANG CONG TRINH VA KHONG GIAN DO THI 211

5.1 Chuc nang chieu sang do thi ban dem 2ii 5.2 Tieu chuan do roi - ,^

• • 212 5.3 Chieu sang cong vien, vuon hoa 2i3

5.3.1 Cac yeu cau chung 2i3

5.3.2 Cac giai phap 213 5.3.3 Tieu chuain chieu sang cong vien, vuon hoa 213

5.4 Chieu sang cac cong trinh kien true 216

5.4.1 Cac yeu cau chung 216

5.4.2 Phan loai cong trinh 217

5.4.3 Cac giai phap 218

5.4.4 Phuong phap va hinh thiic chieu sang 218

5.5 Chieu sang tuang dai 222

5.5.1 Cac yeu cau chung 222 5.5.2 Tieu chug[n chieu .sang tupng dai 222

994, 5.5.3 Chieu sang dai phun nuoc ^^^

5.6 Chieu sang cac cdng trinh the thao 225 225

5.6.1 Cac yeu cau chung 226

5.6.2 Chieu sang san bong da 226

5.6.3 Chieu sang san tennit 5.6.4 Chieu sang san bong chuydn, bong ro, cSu long 5.6.5 Chieu sang be bai ngoai trai ^^^ Bai tap . 22 Phu luc dnh minh hoa eliKOng 5 (PLC.5)

Chucrng 6. Ht THONG CUNG CAP DIEN VA DIEU KHI^N CHieU SANG ••••2^^^ 6.1 Tinh va chon tiet dien day din

KY T H U A T C H I ^

6 , 1 Bi^u thirc dien ap rai tren duong day 234

6 1 2 Dien ap roi tren duong true ...^. ••••• •• 235 e.U Dien <1p roi khi duong true c6 tiet dien khac nhau 36

Bditiip 237 6.2 He thong cung cap dien 240

6.3 Quy chuan he thong chieu sang 245

6.4 Dieu khien he thong chieu sang 249

6.4.1 Daicirong 249 6.4.2 Phirong phap dieu khien chieu sang 249

6.4.3 Chien lupc dieu khien 250

6.4.4 Bp chuyS'n mach 251

6.4.5 Sir dung cam bien 251

6.4.6 Sir dung bp thai gian 255

6.4.7 Sir dung bp vi dieu khien va PLC 256

6.4.8 Di6u khien qua mang 257

Phil hie dnh minh hga chuang 6 (PLC.6) 256

Chuang 7. LAP DAT, VAN HANH, BAO D U O N G V A Q U A N LY HE THONG

CHIEU SANG 261

7.1 Lap dat he thong chieu sang 261

7.1.1 Vat tu va thiet bi 261 7.1.2 Thiet bi thi cong 262

7.1.3 Cac yeu ciu thi cong 262

7.1.4 Nghiem thu cong trinh chieu sang 262

7.1.5 Q c thong so can do kiem 262 7.1.6 Cap bao ve cua bp den 263

7.2 Van hanh he thong chieu sang '"'" 265

7.3 Bao duong cac thiet bi chieu sang.... 266 7.4 Cac hien tupng xuong cap ...268

7.5 Quan ly he thong chieu sang 270 7.6 DSM chieu sang cong cong 270

.7 Tiet ki.m dien nang trong chieu ^ang H • .272 7.8 Nang c^p he thong chieu sang 274

^''" ''•" ""^' """f^ hga chuang 7 (PLC 7) ^72

. • • 2 7 7

TAI LIEU THAM KHAO 288