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LAPORAN AKHIR

PENELITIAN UNGGULAN PERGURUAN TINGGI

Peningkatan Potensi Produksi Kedelai dengan Transformasi

Gen-gen Inorganic Carbon Transporter (ictB),

Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxylase (PEPC) dan

Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase (PCK)

Tahun ke-1 dari rencana 3 tahun

Oleh:

Ketua : Prof.Ir. Liliek Sulistyowati, PhD (NIDN: 0012125508)

Anggota : Prof.Dr.Ir Bambang Guritno (NIDN: 0007064501)

Mochammad Roviq, SP. MP (NIDN: 0005017503)

Dibiayai oleh:

Direktorat Jenderal Pendidikan Tinggi,

Kementrian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, Melalui DIPA Universitas Brawijaya

Nomor: 023.04.2.414989/2014, Tanggal 5 Desember 2013 dan berdasarkan

SK Rektor Univesitas Brawijaya Nomor 157 Tahun 2014 Tanggal 10 April 2014

UNIVERSITAS BRAWIJAYA

Oktober 2014

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RINGKASAN

Upaya peningkatan produksi kedelai nasional melalui teknologi budidaya dan

perluasan lahan tidak mampu membebaskan Indonesia dari impor kedelai yang terus

meningkat selama 5 tahun terakhir. Kendala rendahnya hasil bersih fotosintesis akibat

fotorespirasi pada kedelai sebagai tanaman C3 yang terjadi pada kondisi CO2 rendah dan suhu

tinggi berakibat pada rendahnya pertumbuhan dan hasil biji. Pemuliaan kedelai untuk

meningkatkan laju dan efisiensi fotosintesis menyerupai jalur C4 diharapkan mampu

meningkatkan produktifitasnya hingga 30% lebih tinggi. Gen-gen jalur fotosintesis C4 yaitu

PEPC pemfiksasi CO2, PCK penyedia CO2 pada siklus Calvin dan gen ictB cyanobacteri

pengakumulasi CO2 dari HCO3- akan ditransformasi pada kedelai. Penelitian bertujuan untuk

1) transformasi gen ictB, PEPC dan PCK untuk mengetahui tingkat ekspresi gen-gen tersebut

dalam kedelai 2) Meningkatkan laju fotosintesis melalui transformasi gen ictB, PEPC dan

PCK baik tunggal maupun kombinasi. Seluruh tahapan penelitian tahun pertama sudah

selesai dilakukan yaitu meliputi penanaman kedelai untuk menghasilkan polen, perbanyakan

pCAMBIA1301 pembawa gen PEPC, insersi gen pada polen sebagai vektor melalui

elektroporasi, penyerbukan polen yang telah membawa gen PEPC pada stigma kedelai untuk

menghasilkan biji, tahap pembenihan, evaluasi atau identifikasi keberadaan gen PEPC pada

tanaman yang diharapkan tertransformasi dan perbanyakan benih kedelai transforman (T1 ke

T2).

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