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LIPID

ANABOLISM

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fig 21-1

acetyl-CoA carboxylase

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fig 21-1

acetyl-CoA carboxylase

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fig 21-1

acetyl-CoA carboxylase

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fig 21-2

condensation

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fig 21-2

reduction

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7/71fig 21-2

dehydration

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8/71fig 21-2

reduction

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10/71fig 21-4

synthesis of fatty acids

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12/71fig 21-4

acyl carrier protein

(ACP) in E. co li

a lot like

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13/71fig 16-3 coenzyme A

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malonyl-CoA-ACP transferase(MT)

fig 21-6 (4th)

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-ketoacyl-ACPsynthase (KS)

fig 21-6

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-ketoacyl-ACPreductase (KR)

fig 21-6

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-hydroxyacyl-ACPdehydratase (HD)

fig 21-6

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enoyl-ACPreductase (ER)

fig 21-6

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acetylCoA-ACPtransacetylase (AT)

fig 21-6

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fig 21-7

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fig 21-7

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fig 21-7

fatty acidsynthasesvariationsof the FAScomplex

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fig 21-10

citrate as a source of building blocks

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fig 21-10

citrate lyase as an anabolic carbon source

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fig 21-10

and a minor NADPH source

majority supplied bypentose phosphate p.way

Allosteric regulation of fatty acid synthesis

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fig 21-11

Allosteric regulation of fatty acid synthesis

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fig 21-11

Phosphorylation of fatty acid synthesis

active un-phosphorylated ACC

makes cytosolic filaments

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fig 21-12

now what?

elongation

desaturation

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fig 21-14.

providedby plants:polyunsat.fatty acids

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fig 21-15.

cyclooxygenasea key reactionof inflammation inmammals

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fig 21-15.

aspirin: a cycloxygenase inhibitor

willowbark

i CO i i i S

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box 21-2

a family of COX inhibitors: NSAIDs

f il f COX i hibi NSAID

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box 21-2

a family of COX inhibitors: NSAIDs

T COX i

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box 21-2

Two COX isozymes

COX1gastricfunctions

COX2inflammationpain fever

COX2 ifi i hibit

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box 21-2

COX2-specific inhibitors

COX2 specific inhibitors

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COX2-specific inhibitors

COX2 specific inhibitors

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COX2-specific inhibitors

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lipid menagerie

phospholipid

triglyceride

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phospholipids or glycerophospholipids

phophatidylcholine phophatidylserine

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fig 21-17.

mobilizingglycerol

adding

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fig 21-17.

addingacylgroups

phosphatidic acida phospholipid

more

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fig 21-18.

morephospholipidsor glycerides

anatomy of a phospholipid

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fig 21-23.

anatomy of a phospholipid

another

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trinucleotide-based carrier:CTP

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The isoprene unit:

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The isoprene unit:a branched lipid structure

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fig 21-32

four stages

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fig 21-33

four stagesofcholesterolsynthesis

four stages

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fig 21-33

four stagesofcholesterolsynthesis

four stages

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fig 21-33

four stagesofcholesterolsynthesis

stage 1

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fig 21-34.

stage 1mevalonateproduction

stage 1

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fig 21-34.

stage 1mevalonateproduction

stage 1

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fig 21-34.

mevalonateproduction

stage 1

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fig 21-34.

stage 1mevalonateproduction

synthesis

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fig 21-34.

synthesisofmevalonate

first steps

of ketonebodyformation

stage 2: conversion to

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fig 21-35

stage 2: conversion toactive isoprenes

condensation of isoprenes

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fig 21-36.

head tail

further condensation of isoprenes

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fig 21-36.

and even more condensation of isoprenes

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fig 21-36

from squalene to cholesterol

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fig 21-37.

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fig 21-38.

LDL:

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fig 21-39.

theinfamouslipoprotein

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fi 21-39

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fig 21-40

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fig 21-40

regulation

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fig 21-44

of cholesterolmetabolism

both uptakeand synthesisare involved

As does nature, so does pharma...

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box 21-3

sterols

l !

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fig 21-45

galore!

isoprenoids

l !!

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galore!!